3442 industrial instruments 2 chapter 8 discrete-state process control dr. bassam kahhaleh princess...
TRANSCRIPT
34423442Industrial Instruments 2Industrial Instruments 2
Chapter 8Chapter 8Discrete-State Process ControlDiscrete-State Process Control
Dr. Bassam KahhalehDr. Bassam Kahhaleh
Princess Sumaya Univ.Princess Sumaya Univ.Electronic Engineering Dept.Electronic Engineering Dept.
Princess Sumaya UniversityPrincess Sumaya University 3442 - Industrial Instruments 23442 - Industrial Instruments 2 22 / 32 / 32
8: Discrete-State Process Control8: Discrete-State Process ControlDefinitionsDefinitions
The The discrete statediscrete state of the process at any of the process at any moment is the set of all input and output moment is the set of all input and output values.values.
An An eventevent in the system is defined by a in the system is defined by a particular state of the system, i.e. particular particular state of the system, i.e. particular values of inputs and outputs.values of inputs and outputs.
A A discrete-state process controldiscrete-state process control is a is a particular particular sequence ofsequence of eventsevents through which through which the process the process accomplishesaccomplishes some objective some objective
Princess Sumaya UniversityPrincess Sumaya University 3442 - Industrial Instruments 23442 - Industrial Instruments 2 33 / 32 / 32
8: Discrete-State Process Control8: Discrete-State Process ControlExampleExample
Frost-free refrigerator/freezerFrost-free refrigerator/freezer
Discrete-state I/PDiscrete-state I/P Door open/closedDoor open/closed Cooler temp. high/lowCooler temp. high/low Freezer temp. high/lowFreezer temp. high/low Power switch on/offPower switch on/off Frost detector on/offFrost detector on/off Frost eliminator timer out/not outFrost eliminator timer out/not out
Princess Sumaya UniversityPrincess Sumaya University 3442 - Industrial Instruments 23442 - Industrial Instruments 2 44 / 32 / 32
8: Discrete-State Process Control8: Discrete-State Process ControlExampleExample
Frost-free refrigerator/freezerFrost-free refrigerator/freezer
Discrete-state O/PDiscrete-state O/P Light on/offLight on/off Compressor on/offCompressor on/off Timer on/offTimer on/off Heater on/offHeater on/off Baffle open/closedBaffle open/closed
Princess Sumaya UniversityPrincess Sumaya University 3442 - Industrial Instruments 23442 - Industrial Instruments 2 55 / 32 / 32
8: Discrete-State Process Control8: Discrete-State Process ControlDiscrete-State VariablesDiscrete-State Variables Continuous ControlContinuous Control
Princess Sumaya UniversityPrincess Sumaya University 3442 - Industrial Instruments 23442 - Industrial Instruments 2 66 / 32 / 32
8: Discrete-State Process Control8: Discrete-State Process ControlDiscrete-State VariablesDiscrete-State Variables Continuous ControlContinuous Control Discrete ControlDiscrete Control
Princess Sumaya UniversityPrincess Sumaya University 3442 - Industrial Instruments 23442 - Industrial Instruments 2 77 / 32 / 32
8: Discrete-State Process Control8: Discrete-State Process ControlDiscrete-State VariablesDiscrete-State Variables Continuous ControlContinuous Control Discrete ControlDiscrete Control Composite Composite
Discrete/Continuous Discrete/Continuous ControlControl
Princess Sumaya UniversityPrincess Sumaya University 3442 - Industrial Instruments 23442 - Industrial Instruments 2 88 / 32 / 32
8: Discrete-State Process Control8: Discrete-State Process ControlProcess SpecificationsProcess Specifications Process ObjectivesProcess Objectives Process HardwareProcess Hardware
Input DevicesInput Devices• Limit SwitchesLimit Switches• ComparatorsComparators• Push ButtonsPush Buttons
Output DevicesOutput Devices• LightsLights• MotorsMotors• SolenoidsSolenoids
Princess Sumaya UniversityPrincess Sumaya University 3442 - Industrial Instruments 23442 - Industrial Instruments 2 99 / 32 / 32
8: Discrete-State Process Control8: Discrete-State Process ControlEvent Sequence DescriptionEvent Sequence Description Narrative StatementsNarrative Statements FlowchartsFlowcharts Binary-StateBinary-State
00
011X
X / 0
1 / 1
0 / 0
X / 1
Princess Sumaya UniversityPrincess Sumaya University 3442 - Industrial Instruments 23442 - Industrial Instruments 2 1010 / 32 / 32
8: Discrete-State Process Control8: Discrete-State Process ControlEvent Sequence DescriptionEvent Sequence DescriptionFlowchart ExampleFlowchart Example
Princess Sumaya UniversityPrincess Sumaya University 3442 - Industrial Instruments 23442 - Industrial Instruments 2 1111 / 32 / 32
8: Discrete-State Process Control8: Discrete-State Process ControlEvent Sequence DescriptionEvent Sequence DescriptionFlowchart ExampleFlowchart Example
Princess Sumaya UniversityPrincess Sumaya University 3442 - Industrial Instruments 23442 - Industrial Instruments 2 1212 / 32 / 32
8: Discrete-State Process Control8: Discrete-State Process ControlEvent Sequence DescriptionEvent Sequence DescriptionBinary-State ExampleBinary-State Example
1.1. Fill the tank to level A Fill the tank to level A from valve A.from valve A.
2.2. Fill the tank to level B Fill the tank to level B from valve B.from valve B.
3.3. Start the timer, heat, and Start the timer, heat, and stir for 5 minutes.stir for 5 minutes.
4.4. Open output valve C Open output valve C until the empty switch until the empty switch engages.engages.
Princess Sumaya UniversityPrincess Sumaya University 3442 - Industrial Instruments 23442 - Industrial Instruments 2 1313 / 32 / 32
8: Discrete-State Process Control8: Discrete-State Process ControlEvent Sequence DescriptionEvent Sequence DescriptionBinary-State ExampleBinary-State Example
I/P VariablesI/P Variables LALA LBLB LELE TUTU
O/P VariablesO/P Variables VAVA VBVB VCVC TMTM SS HH
Princess Sumaya UniversityPrincess Sumaya University 3442 - Industrial Instruments 23442 - Industrial Instruments 2 1414 / 32 / 32
8: Discrete-State Process Control8: Discrete-State Process ControlEvent Sequence DescriptionEvent Sequence DescriptionBinary-State ExampleBinary-State Example
State: LA LB LE TU VA VB VC TM S H
Princess Sumaya UniversityPrincess Sumaya University 3442 - Industrial Instruments 23442 - Industrial Instruments 2 1515 / 32 / 32
8: Discrete-State Process Control8: Discrete-State Process ControlRelay Controllers & Ladder DiagramsRelay Controllers & Ladder Diagrams Control Relays (Relay Sequencer)Control Relays (Relay Sequencer)
Princess Sumaya UniversityPrincess Sumaya University 3442 - Industrial Instruments 23442 - Industrial Instruments 2 1616 / 32 / 32
8: Discrete-State Process Control8: Discrete-State Process ControlRelay Controllers & Ladder DiagramsRelay Controllers & Ladder Diagrams Ladder DiagramLadder Diagram
Princess Sumaya UniversityPrincess Sumaya University 3442 - Industrial Instruments 23442 - Industrial Instruments 2 1717 / 32 / 32
8: Discrete-State Process Control8: Discrete-State Process ControlRelay Controllers & Ladder DiagramsRelay Controllers & Ladder DiagramsLadder Diagram ExampleLadder Diagram Example
Princess Sumaya UniversityPrincess Sumaya University 3442 - Industrial Instruments 23442 - Industrial Instruments 2 1818 / 32 / 32
8: Discrete-State Process Control8: Discrete-State Process ControlRelay Controllers & Ladder DiagramsRelay Controllers & Ladder DiagramsLadder Diagram ExampleLadder Diagram Example
Princess Sumaya UniversityPrincess Sumaya University 3442 - Industrial Instruments 23442 - Industrial Instruments 2 1919 / 32 / 32
8: Discrete-State Process Control8: Discrete-State Process ControlRelay Controllers & Ladder DiagramsRelay Controllers & Ladder DiagramsLadder Diagram ExampleLadder Diagram Example
Princess Sumaya UniversityPrincess Sumaya University 3442 - Industrial Instruments 23442 - Industrial Instruments 2 2020 / 32 / 32
8: Discrete-State Process Control8: Discrete-State Process ControlRelay Controllers & Ladder DiagramsRelay Controllers & Ladder DiagramsLadder Diagram ExampleLadder Diagram Example
Princess Sumaya UniversityPrincess Sumaya University 3442 - Industrial Instruments 23442 - Industrial Instruments 2 2121 / 32 / 32
8: Discrete-State Process Control8: Discrete-State Process ControlRelay Controllers & Ladder DiagramsRelay Controllers & Ladder DiagramsLadder Diagram ExampleLadder Diagram Example
1. When the START button is pushed, the platform is driven to the down position.
2. When the STOP button is pushed, the platform is halted at whatever position it occupies at that time.
3. When the UP button is pushed, the platform, if it is not in downward motion, is driven to the up position.
4. When the DOWN button is pushed, the platform, if it is not in upward motion, is driven to the down position.
Princess Sumaya UniversityPrincess Sumaya University 3442 - Industrial Instruments 23442 - Industrial Instruments 2 2222 / 32 / 32
8: Discrete-State Process Control8: Discrete-State Process ControlRelay Controllers & Ladder DiagramsRelay Controllers & Ladder DiagramsLadder Diagram ExampleLadder Diagram Example
Start
Stop
Princess Sumaya UniversityPrincess Sumaya University 3442 - Industrial Instruments 23442 - Industrial Instruments 2 2323 / 32 / 32
8: Discrete-State Process Control8: Discrete-State Process ControlRelay Controllers & Ladder DiagramsRelay Controllers & Ladder DiagramsLadder Diagram ExampleLadder Diagram Example
START
STOP
Power
Princess Sumaya UniversityPrincess Sumaya University 3442 - Industrial Instruments 23442 - Industrial Instruments 2 2424 / 32 / 32
8: Discrete-State Process Control8: Discrete-State Process ControlRelay Controllers & Ladder DiagramsRelay Controllers & Ladder DiagramsLadder Diagram ExampleLadder Diagram Example
START
STOP
Power
↓ Motor
Princess Sumaya UniversityPrincess Sumaya University 3442 - Industrial Instruments 23442 - Industrial Instruments 2 2525 / 32 / 32
8: Discrete-State Process Control8: Discrete-State Process ControlRelay Controllers & Ladder DiagramsRelay Controllers & Ladder DiagramsLadder Diagram ExampleLadder Diagram Example
PowerDown
STOP
START
↑ Motor
↓ MotorUP
Princess Sumaya UniversityPrincess Sumaya University 3442 - Industrial Instruments 23442 - Industrial Instruments 2 2626 / 32 / 32
8: Discrete-State Process Control8: Discrete-State Process ControlRelay Controllers & Ladder DiagramsRelay Controllers & Ladder DiagramsLadder Diagram ExampleLadder Diagram Example
CR
CR
Princess Sumaya UniversityPrincess Sumaya University 3442 - Industrial Instruments 23442 - Industrial Instruments 2 2727 / 32 / 32
8: Discrete-State Process Control8: Discrete-State Process ControlHardwired ProgrammingHardwired Programming Relay SequencersRelay Sequencers
Programmable Logic Controllers (PLCs)Programmable Logic Controllers (PLCs) ProcessorProcessor Input ModulesInput Modules Output ModulesOutput Modules
Princess Sumaya UniversityPrincess Sumaya University 3442 - Industrial Instruments 23442 - Industrial Instruments 2 2828 / 32 / 32
8: Discrete-State Process Control8: Discrete-State Process ControlProgrammable Logic Controllers (PLCs)Programmable Logic Controllers (PLCs) Input ModuleInput Module
Princess Sumaya UniversityPrincess Sumaya University 3442 - Industrial Instruments 23442 - Industrial Instruments 2 2929 / 32 / 32
8: Discrete-State Process Control8: Discrete-State Process ControlProgrammable Logic Controllers (PLCs)Programmable Logic Controllers (PLCs) Output ModuleOutput Module
Princess Sumaya UniversityPrincess Sumaya University 3442 - Industrial Instruments 23442 - Industrial Instruments 2 3030 / 32 / 32
8: Discrete-State Process Control8: Discrete-State Process ControlProgrammable Logic Controllers (PLCs)Programmable Logic Controllers (PLCs) Logic ProgrammingLogic Programming
Using a NC switch to turn off a light with relay logic and with PLC programming:
a) The button turns the light OFF.
b) With relay logic the button turns the light ON.
c) With a PLC program the button turns the light ON
Princess Sumaya UniversityPrincess Sumaya University 3442 - Industrial Instruments 23442 - Industrial Instruments 2 3131 / 32 / 32
8: Discrete-State Process Control8: Discrete-State Process ControlProgrammable Logic Controllers (PLCs)Programmable Logic Controllers (PLCs) Logic ProgrammingLogic Programming
NO switches are considered INACTIVE when they are read as open circuit, and ACTIVE when they are read as closed circuit.
In the ladder diagram, 01 must be ACTIVE while 03 must be INACTIVE to turn 08 ON.
Princess Sumaya UniversityPrincess Sumaya University 3442 - Industrial Instruments 23442 - Industrial Instruments 2 3232 / 32 / 32
8: Discrete-State Process Control8: Discrete-State Process Control
End of Chapter 8End of Chapter 8