2007-2008 domain eubacteria domain archaea domain eukarya common ancestor kingdom: plants domain...
TRANSCRIPT
2007-2008
DomainEubacteria
DomainArchaea
DomainEukarya
Common ancestor
Kingdom: Plants
Domain Eukarya
Evolution of Land Plants• 500 mya land plants evolved– special adaptations for life on dry land• _________________________________– ____________________________
• _________________________________– ____________________________
• _________________________________– ____________________________– ____________________________
• _________________________________– ____________________________
Plant Evolution
conifers
colonization of land
Ancestral Protist
Gymnospermpollen &
“naked” seeds
Pteridophytesseedless vascular
plants
Bryophytesnon-vascularland plants
Angiospermflowers & fruit
conifers
conifers
Animal life cycle
haploidunicellulargametes
1n
diploidmulticellular
individual2n
Plant life cycle
haploidunicellulargametes
1n
diploidmulticellular
individual2n
gametes1n
spores1n
diploidhaploid
Bryophytes: 1st land plants• __________________________________
• ___________________________• no water transport system• no true roots
– dominant stage?• ___________________________
• ___________________________• fuzzy moss plant you are familiar
with is haploid– reproduction?
• ___________________________– flagellated
• spores– sprout to form gametophyte
Where mustmosses live?
Pteridophytes: 1st vascular plants• ________________________
• __________________________• water transport system• xylem, phloem, roots, leaves
– dominant stage?• __________________________
• __________________________– reproduction?• __________________________
– flagellated• Spores - sprout to form
gametophyte
diploid
haploidWhere mustferns live?
Alternation of generations• Fern gametophyte (1n)– __________________: male & female gamete
production on same plant
________
________
diploid
Alternation of generations
haploid
produces male & female gametes
First seed plants: Gymnosperm• Gymnosperm: conifers
• ___________________________– xylem, phloem, roots, leaves
– dominant stage?
• ___________________________• ___________________________– reduction of gametophyte protects delicate egg & embryo in
protective sporophyte– protected from drought & UV radiation
• ___________________: male vs. female gametophytes– reproduction?• ___________________________– naked seeds (no fruit)
• ___________________________– contain male gametophyte
Where canconifers live?
Cones & naked seeds
male
female
male (pollen) cones
female cones
sporangium & pollen
pine embryo
First flowering plants Angiosperm: flowering plants
___________________________ dominant stage?
___________________________ ___________________________
protects egg & embryo ______________________: male vs. female gametophytes
reproduction? ______________________________
◆ ___________________________ ______________________________
◆ ___________________________ ______________________________
contain male gametophyte
____________
new sporophytein seed (diploid)
__________
______________
______________
female gametophyte =ovary sac (haploid)
male gametophyte = pollen grain (haploid)
sperm nuclei travel down pollen tube
______________
____________
____________
doublefertilization
Angiosperm life cycle
Anther
FilamentStamen
StigmaStyleOvary
Carpel
Sepal
Petal
Ovule
sepalspetals
Flower • Modified shoot with 4 rings
of modified leaves– ____________– ____________– ____________• male
– ____________• female stamens
carpel
adaptations through mutations
Seed & Plant embryo• Seed offers…– ________________
__________________________
– __________________________________________
seed coat
endosperm(3n)
cotyledons
embryo (2n)
cotyledons = “seed” leaves,first leaves of new plantcotyledons = “seed” leaves,first leaves of new plant
Monocots & dicots• Angiosperm are divide into 2 classes– _______________________• _________________________• leaves with network of veins• woody plants, trees, shrubs, beans
– _______________________• _________________________• leaves with parallel veins• grasses, palms, lilies
Features of Mono and Dicotyledons