year 8 history the middle ages readings. year 8 hist: the middle ages: lesson 1 reading activity –...
TRANSCRIPT
Year 8 HistoryThe Middle Ages
Readings
Year
8 H
ist:
Th
e M
idd
le A
ges:
Lesson
1 R
ead
ing
Acti
vit
y –
In
trod
ucti
on
to
Th
e M
idd
le A
ges
1.
Wri
te d
ow
n t
he h
eadin
g.
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
2.
What
do y
ou t
hin
k t
his
pie
ce o
f w
riti
ng is
about?
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
__3
.Is
it
desc
ripti
ve,
info
rmati
ve o
r pers
uasi
ve?_
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
_4
.R
ead t
he p
iece
of
wri
ting a
nd c
ircl
e a
ny w
ord
s w
hose
meanin
g y
ou a
re n
ot
sure
of.
5.
Underl
ine t
he f
ollo
win
g w
ord
s: C
hri
stia
n,
colla
pse
, Fe
udal sy
stem
, ki
ngdom
s,
medie
val, n
obels
, se
rfs,
vass
als
, 6
.W
hat
was
the s
yst
em
use
d b
y K
ings
and Q
ueens
to r
un t
heir
countr
ies?
__
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
_7
.W
ho w
ere
the landow
ners
know
n a
s v
ass
als
? __
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
_8
.W
hat
do y
ou t
hin
k o
f th
e F
eudal sy
stem
? D
o y
ou t
hin
k it
was
fair
? __
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
___
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
___
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
___
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
___
MID
DLE A
GES
This
refe
rs t
o a
peri
od o
f ti
me t
hat
occ
urr
ed b
etw
een 7
00
A.D
. and 1
50
0
A.D
. It
is
som
eti
mes
refe
rred t
o a
s th
e m
edie
val peri
od (
a L
ati
n w
ord
). It
is r
efe
rred t
o
this
way b
eca
use
it
is t
he b
ridgin
g p
eri
od b
etw
een t
he A
nci
ent
Rom
an E
mpir
e a
nd t
he
subse
quent
develo
pm
ent
of
a m
odern
Euro
pe.
As
we h
ave d
iscu
ssed e
arl
ier,
aft
er
the
colla
pse
of
the R
om
an E
mpir
e a
dark
clo
ud o
f m
isery
and v
iole
nce
overs
hadow
ed
Euro
pe.
Duri
ng t
he M
iddle
Ages
the p
eople
of
Euro
pe w
ere
org
anis
ed into
kin
gdom
s. T
here
were
in f
act
many k
ingdom
s and t
he p
olit
ical div
isio
n o
f Euro
pe w
as
far
diff
ere
nt
than t
oday.
Ita
ly a
nd G
erm
any d
id n
ot
exis
t and e
very
where
there
were
sm
all
kingdom
s and c
ast
les.
Duri
ng t
his
peri
od t
here
was
only
one C
hri
stia
n c
hurc
h.
This
was
the
Rom
an C
ath
olic
churc
h a
nd its
head w
as
the P
ope in R
om
e.
All
the k
ingdom
s of
Euro
pe s
wore
alle
gia
nce
to t
he P
ope a
nd it
was
only
in t
he v
ery
late
r M
iddle
Ages
that
Kin
g H
enry
the 8
th in E
ngla
nd a
nd M
art
in L
uth
er
in G
erm
any t
hat
this
beca
me a
“hot”
is
sue.
They w
ould
bri
ng a
bout
a n
ew
Chri
stia
n f
ait
h…
.the P
rote
stants
. This
was
to
pro
voke
many a
war
and its
eff
ect
s ca
n s
till
be s
een in E
uro
pe,
just
look a
t Ir
ela
nd.
The
Feudal sy
stem
was
how
the K
ings
and Q
ueens
ran t
heir
countr
ies.
B
aro
ns,
Counts
and D
uke
s th
en w
ere
giv
en p
eople
, la
nds
and c
ast
les.
The F
eudal
syst
em
develo
ped f
rom
earl
y G
erm
anic
tri
bal pra
ctic
es.
Here
each
Kin
g s
urr
ounded
him
self w
ith a
gro
up o
f so
ldie
rs c
alle
d a
Com
itatu
s. In e
xchange f
or
fighti
ng h
is b
att
les
they w
ere
giv
en g
ifts
incl
udin
g “
fiefs
” or
gifts
of
land.
In e
xchange f
or
this
land,
they
had in t
urn
have t
o s
how
ongoin
g s
upport
and loyalt
y t
o t
he K
ing…
.or
risk
losi
ng
every
thin
g.
These
landow
ners
were
calle
d v
ass
als
. T
hese
vass
als
had t
heir
ow
n s
erv
ants
calle
d s
erf
s. S
erf
s w
ere
at
the b
ott
om
of
the
soci
al sc
ale
and w
ere
only
marg
inally
bett
er
off
than s
laves
as
vass
als
made t
heir
ow
n law
s (a
s lo
ng a
s th
ey d
id n
ot
off
end t
he K
ing).
As
the F
eudal sy
stem
was
adopte
d
thro
ughout
Euro
pe t
he v
ass
als
beca
me p
ow
erf
ul in
their
ow
n r
ight
and b
eca
me n
oble
s or
ari
stocr
ats
. The K
ing w
ould
keep a
wary
eye o
n t
hem
….e
speci
ally
if
they h
ad t
hin
gs
he w
ante
d o
r fe
are
d!
Yea
r 8
His
t: T
he
Mid
dle
Ag
es;
Les
son
Tw
o R
ead
ing
Act
ivit
ym
isch
ance
___
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
_pl
edge
___
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
mou
nted
___
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
___
cam
paig
n___
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
__m
ired
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
Rem
onst
ratin
g __
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
___
Mor
tally
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
___
Beq
ueat
h __
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
___
Cor
onat
ion
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
rava
ging
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
__fa
llen
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
bran
dish
es__
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
___
dism
embe
red_
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
__
The
tap
estr
y be
gins
with
a p
anel
of
Edw
ard
the
Con
fess
or s
endi
ng H
arol
d to
Nor
man
dy.
Late
r N
orm
an
sour
ces
say
that
the
mis
sion
was
for
Har
old
to p
led
ge
loya
lty t
o W
illia
m b
ut t
he t
apes
try
does
not
sug
gest
an
y sp
ecifi
c pu
rpos
e. B
y m
isch
ance
, H
arol
d ar
rives
at
the
wro
ng lo
catio
n in
Fra
nce
and
is t
aken
pris
oner
by
Guy
, C
ount
of
Pon
thie
u. A
fter
exc
hang
es o
f m
essa
ges
born
e by
mo
un
ted
mes
seng
ers,
Har
old
is
rele
ased
to
Will
iam
who
the
n in
vite
s H
arol
d to
com
e on
a c
amp
aig
n a
gain
st C
onan
II,
Duk
e of
Brit
tany
. O
n th
e w
ay,
just
out
side
the
mon
aste
ry o
f M
ont
Sai
nt-M
iche
l, th
e ar
my
beco
me
mir
ed in
qui
cksa
nd a
nd H
arol
d sa
ves
two
Nor
man
sol
dier
s.
Will
iam
's a
rmy
chas
es C
onan
fro
m D
ol d
e B
reta
gne
to R
enne
s, a
nd C
onan
fin
ally
sur
rend
ers
at D
inan
. W
illia
m g
ives
Har
old
arm
s an
d ar
mou
r (p
ossi
bly
knig
htin
g hi
m)
and
Har
old
take
s an
oat
h on
sai
ntly
rel
ics.
Alth
ough
the
writ
ing
on t
he t
apes
try
expl
icitl
y st
ates
an
oath
is t
aken
the
re is
no
clu
e as
to
wha
t is
bei
ng p
rom
ised
.H
arol
d le
aves
for
hom
e an
d m
eets
aga
in w
ith t
he o
ld k
ing
Edw
ard,
who
app
ears
to
be r
emo
nst
rati
ng
with
hi
m.
Har
old
is in
a s
omew
hat
subm
issi
ve p
ostu
re a
nd s
eem
s to
be
in d
isgr
ace.
How
ever
, po
ssib
ly
delib
erat
ely,
the
kin
g's
inte
ntio
ns a
re n
ot m
ade
clea
r. T
he s
cene
the
n sh
ifts
by a
bout
one
yea
r to
whe
n E
dwar
d ha
s be
com
e m
ort
ally
ill a
nd t
he t
apes
try
stro
ngly
sug
gest
s th
at,
on h
is d
eath
bed,
he
beq
uea
ths
the
crow
n to
Har
old.
A
sta
r w
ith a
str
eam
ing
tail
then
app
ears
: H
alle
y's
Com
et.
Com
ets,
in t
he b
elie
fs o
f th
e M
iddl
e A
ges,
wer
e a
bad
omen
. At
this
poi
nt t
he lo
wer
bor
der
of t
he t
apes
try
show
s a
fleet
of
ghos
t-lik
e sh
ips
thus
hin
ting
at a
fu
ture
inva
sion
. The
new
s of
Har
old'
s co
ron
atio
n is
tak
en t
o N
orm
andy
, w
here
upon
we
are
told
tha
t W
illia
m
is o
rder
ing
a fle
et o
f sh
ips
to b
e bu
ilt a
lthou
gh it
is B
isho
p O
do s
how
n is
suin
g th
e in
stru
ctio
ns. T
he in
vade
rs
reac
h E
ngla
nd,
and
land
uno
ppos
ed.
Will
iam
ord
ers
his
men
to
find
food
, an
d a
mea
l is
cook
ed. A
hou
se is
bu
rnt,
whi
ch m
ay in
dica
te s
ome
rava
gin
g o
f th
e lo
cal c
ount
rysi
de o
n th
e pa
rt o
f th
e in
vade
rs.
New
s is
br
ough
t to
Will
iam
. The
Nor
man
s bu
ild a
mot
te a
nd b
aile
y at
Has
tings
to
defe
nd t
heir
posi
tion.
Mes
seng
ers
are
sent
bet
wee
n th
e tw
o ar
mie
s, a
nd W
illia
m m
akes
a s
peec
h to
pre
pare
his
arm
y fo
r ba
ttle
. B
attle
of
Has
tings
The
Bat
tle o
f H
astin
gs w
as f
ough
t on
14
Oct
ober
106
6 le
ss t
han
thre
e w
eeks
aft
er t
he B
attle
of
Sta
mfo
rd
Brid
ge b
ut t
he t
apes
try
does
not
pro
vide
thi
s co
ntex
t. T
he E
nglis
h fig
ht o
n fo
ot b
ehin
d a
shie
ld w
all,
whi
lst
the
Nor
man
s ar
e on
hor
ses.
Tw
o fa
llen
kni
ghts
are
nam
ed a
s Le
ofw
ine
and
Gyr
th,
Har
old'
s br
othe
rs,
but
both
arm
ies
are
show
n fig
htin
g br
avel
y. B
isho
p O
do b
ran
dis
hes
his
bat
on o
r m
ace
and
ralli
es t
he N
orm
an
troo
ps in
bat
tle. T
o re
assu
re h
is k
nigh
ts t
hat
he is
stil
l aliv
e an
d w
ell,
Will
iam
rai
ses
his
helm
et t
o sh
ow h
is
face
. The
bat
tle b
ecom
es v
ery
bloo
dy w
ith t
roop
s be
ing
slau
ghte
red
and
dis
mem
ber
ed c
orps
es li
tter
ing
the
grou
nd.
Kin
g H
arol
d is
kill
ed.
Thi
s sc
ene
can
be in
terp
rete
d in
diff
eren
t w
ays,
as
the
nam
e "H
arol
d"
appe
ars
abov
e a
num
ber
of k
nigh
ts,
mak
ing
it di
fficu
lt to
iden
tify
whi
ch c
hara
cter
is H
arol
d. T
he f
inal
re
mai
ning
sce
ne s
how
s un
arm
oure
d E
nglis
h tr
oops
fle
eing
the
bat
tlefie
ld. T
he la
st p
art
of t
he t
apes
try
is
mis
sing
but
it is
tho
ught
tha
t st
ory
neve
r co
ntin
ued
for
very
muc
h fu
rthe
r.
give
wav
es a
bout
Dea
dm
ista
kelim
bs c
ut o
ffde
stro
ying
and
ste
alin
gto
be
crow
ned
as k
ing
vow
fata
llyw
arge
ttin
g an
gry
stuc
kon
hor
seba
ck
Year
8 H
ist:
Th
e M
idd
le A
ges L
esson
31
.U
nderl
ine t
he f
ollo
win
g w
ord
s: a
gri
cult
ura
l, c
onti
nuit
y,
flam
mable
, harv
est
, pre
-in
dust
rial, s
oci
ety
, so
urc
e,
supers
titi
on
2.
What
shape d
id p
eople
belie
ve t
he w
orl
d w
as?
___
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
_3
.W
hat
pro
ble
ms
did
Medie
val people
face
? __
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
___
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
___
4.
Who d
o y
ou t
hin
k w
ork
ed t
he h
ard
est
? W
hy?
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
___
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
___
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
_Th
e M
ed
ieval W
orl
d -
Lif
e•
The m
edie
val peri
od w
as
a t
ime o
f co
nti
nuit
y,
when m
any a
spect
s of
life r
em
ain
ed
the s
am
e f
or
hundre
ds
of
years
. The m
edie
val era
was
als
o a
tim
e o
f ch
ange,
when
people
began t
o t
hin
k diff
ere
ntl
y a
bout
exis
ting v
alu
es,
att
itudes,
ways
of
livin
g a
nd
the w
ay s
oci
ety
was
org
anis
ed.
•The w
orl
d o
f m
edie
val Euro
pe w
as
a p
re-i
ndust
rial, larg
ely
agri
cult
ura
l w
orl
d,
contr
olle
d m
ain
ly b
y s
mall
gro
ups
dom
inate
d b
y m
en.
Leaders
and p
riest
s ta
ught
people
to a
ccept
their
posi
tion in life.
This
meant
acc
epta
nce
of
a w
orl
d in w
hic
h
they h
ad f
ew
rig
hts
and lit
tle f
reedom
.
•M
edie
val Euro
peans
lived in a
worl
d o
f su
pers
titi
on a
nd t
hought
that
wit
ches
cause
d
pro
ble
ms
such
as
illness
, pla
gue,
dro
ught,
fam
ine a
nd c
rop f
ailu
re.
Most
people
belie
ved t
hat
the E
art
h w
as
flat
and t
hat
if t
hey t
ravelle
d t
oo f
ar
they w
ould
fall
off
th
e e
dge o
r m
eet
up w
ith w
eir
d c
reatu
res
that
were
half h
um
an a
nd h
alf a
nim
al.
Peasan
t Lif
e•
Men –
for
most
peasa
nt
men,
life w
as
very
hard
. They w
ould
cle
ar
field
s, h
arv
est
, re
pair
build
ings,
saw
ing a
nd c
hoppin
g w
ood.
Most
men w
ere
uneduca
ted.
•W
om
en –
regard
less
of
class
medie
val w
om
en h
ad f
ew
rig
hts
. Pe
asa
nt
wom
en d
id
much
the s
am
e f
arm
labour
as
men,
as
well
as
house
hold
duti
es
such
as
pre
pari
ng
food,
weavin
g c
loth
es
and looki
ng a
fter
the c
hild
ren.
•C
hild
ren –
child
ren w
ere
consi
dere
d a
good s
ourc
e o
f la
bour.
It
would
begin
wit
h
help
ing a
round t
he h
ouse
and t
hen a
s th
ey g
ot
old
er
they w
ould
help
on t
he f
arm
. C
hild
ren w
ere
oft
en c
onsi
dere
d a
dult
s fr
om
the a
ge o
f 1
0!!
Boys
and g
irls
could
m
arr
y f
rom
as
young a
s 1
2
Tow
ns
As
tow
ns
gre
w,
larg
e w
alls
were
built
aro
und t
hem
. N
ear
the w
alls
were
the h
ouse
s of
the p
oor,
made f
rom
wood a
nd s
tack
ed h
ighly
.The w
ealt
hy liv
ed c
lose
r to
the t
ow
n c
entr
eM
ost
house
s w
ere
coate
d w
ith p
ain
t th
at
was
hig
hly
flam
mable
. The t
ow
ns
lanes
were
cro
oke
d a
nd n
arr
ow
, lit
by c
andle
s and lante
rns.
Tow
ns
beca
me s
melly
, ra
t in
fest
ed d
um
ps,
wit
h f
ood s
craps,
open d
rain
s and h
um
an
wast
e.
The c
entr
e o
f th
e t
ow
n h
eld
a m
ark
et
pla
ce t
hat
was
busy
wit
h t
raders
, m
usi
cians,
beggars
and t
hie
ves.
Year 8 Hist: The Middle Ages Lesson 4 Reading ActivityPunishments were meant to fit the `_______________'. For example, women who nagged their husbands were tied to a _____________ _____________ and ducked three times into the river while villagers _____________ on in amusement. Women who were found guilty of ______________ had to wear the scold's bridle. A baker who had cheated his or her customers might have been _______________ through the streets on a sledge with a loaf of bread tied around the neck. A ______________ who had stolen firewood from the lord's forest or whose animals had damaged someone else's crops would most likely either pay a fine or perform extra work. Other ________________ for minor crime were more ________________. These included putting someone in the pillory or the stocks, where onlookers could throw ____________ food or rubbish at the offender.
Some of the harsher punishments for stealing or cheating included whipping or some form of _______________, such as cutting off a hand, an ear or the tongue. Sometimes a person's eyes were burnt out with a red hot poker.The punishment for _________________ was being burnt alive, as it was believed that burning would cleanse the soul. A last minute confession entitled the `witch' to be strangled before feeling the flames. The penalty for murder or treason was ____________ _______________, usually by hanging or beheading. One particularly gruesome way of killing someone was to brick them up behind a wall until they starved to death.
The most feared form of execution was that suffered by the Scottish rebel ____________ ___________ who was hung, drawn and quartered on the orders of the English king Edward I.
Peasant, mutilation, gossiping, crime, William Wallace, rotten, dragged, punishments, ducking stool, humiliating, witchcraft, public execution, watched
Year
8 H
ist
: Th
e M
idd
le A
ges L
esson
5 R
ead
ing
Acti
vit
y
1.
What
qualit
ies
should
a k
nig
ht
have?
List
10
abili
ties
a k
nig
ht
should
be g
ood a
t.
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
___
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
___
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
___
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
___
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
___
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
___
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
____
___
____
____
____
____
____
__
KN
IGH
TS
•K
nig
hts
were
warr
iors
on h
ors
eback
who f
ought
for
their
kin
g,
lord
, or
whoever
would
pay f
or
their
serv
ices
•O
nly
men o
f noble
bir
th c
ould
be k
nig
hts
; not
poor
people
•B
eco
min
g a
knig
ht
requir
ed y
ears
of
train
ing in m
ilita
ry s
kills
, re
ligio
n a
nd s
erv
ice
to o
thers
BEC
OM
ING
A K
NIG
HT
•th
e fi
rst
step in b
eco
min
g a
knig
ht
was
train
ing t
o b
e a
page –
this
tra
inin
g b
egan
when t
he b
oy w
as
7 y
ears
old
!•
a p
age w
as
train
ed b
y a
noble
wom
an a
nd learn
ed t
o b
e p
olit
e,
to s
erv
e G
od,
to
read a
nd w
rite
, and t
o r
ide a
hors
e a
nd h
unt
•w
hen t
he b
oy t
urn
ed 1
4,
he b
eca
me a
squir
e w
hic
h is
like b
ein
g a
knig
ht’
s appre
nti
ce•
a s
quir
e learn
ed t
o look a
fter
the k
nig
ht’
s w
eapons,
arm
our
and h
ors
es,
as
well
as
conti
nuin
g t
o s
tudy m
ilita
ry s
kill
s and g
ood m
anners
•at
the a
ge o
f 2
1,
the y
oung m
an c
ould
beco
me a
knig
ht
and w
as
expect
ed t
o liv
e
by t
he c
ode o
f ch
ivalr
y
CH
IVA
LRY m
eant
that
the k
nig
ht
would
be:
•lo
yal to
the C
ath
olic
Churc
h•
dedic
ate
d t
o h
elp
ing t
hose
who w
ere
weak
and c
ould
be t
ake
n a
dvanta
ge o
f by e
vil
people
•bra
ve in b
att
le•
will
ing t
o fi
ght
to p
rote
ct w
om
en
WEA
PO
NS A
ND
AR
MO
UR
•The k
nig
ht
use
d a
n a
rsenal of
heavy iro
n w
eapons.
Sw
ord
s, m
ace
s and b
att
le a
xes
were
com
mon,
how
ever
the lance
appears
to h
ave b
een t
he f
avoure
d
weapon.
•The a
rmour
was
both
heavy a
nd a
wkw
ard
. The c
hain
m
ail
could
weig
h o
ver
15
kilo
s
Year 8
His
t : Th
e M
idd
le A
ges L
esson
6 V
iew
ing
Activ
ity
Year 8 The Middle Ages Lesson 7 Reading Activity Add a Motto
MottoEnglishMeaningCeleritarWith speedYou can run or talk really fastDisce patiLearn to endureYou are really toughFulminis instarLike lightningYou are really fast and powerfulFructo cognoscitur arborA tree is recognised by its fruitYou’re just like your mum or dadFortis in arduisBrave in difficultiesYou are braveFide Fortuna fortiFaith is stronger than fortuneYou choose faith and values over moneyFlead agus fuilteCelebrate and welcomeYou like parties and friends
Optima sperando speroHoping for the best, I liveYou are optimisticPraemium virtutis honorHonour is the reward of virtueYou are a good person and follow the rulesPraestat opes sapientiaVirtue by wisdomYou are very smartToujours fideleAlways faithfulYou are loyalToujours fortAlways strongYou are strongToujours prestAlways nimbleYou are quick and agileToujours pretAlways readyYou are always preparedSpero melioraI hope for better thingsYou are hopeful and optimisticPrend moi tel que je suisTake me such as I amYou are very sure of yourselfFortes fortuna juvatFortune favours the boldYou are bold and lucky
Inclytus virtuteRenowned for virtueYou are a good person and lots of people know itL’homme vrai aime son paysThe true man loves his countryYou think Australia is the bestMemor estoBe mindful of thy ancestorsYou treat your parents and grandparents with respectNe timeo nec perficeI neither fear nor despiseYou are very even-tempered and braveOmnia pro bonoAll things for the goodYou are generous and goodRotione non viBy reason not forceYou are a thinkerSine labe resugensTo rise againI’ll be backStudio sapientia crescitWisdom grows by studyYou are smart and like school Clann Feargaill abl The Feargaill Clann ForeverThe ________ family forever
Year 8 Hist : The Middles Ages Lesson 8 Comprehension ActivityAnswer the following questions in full sentences. Building Castles for Protection and Control1. What was a ‘motte and bailey’ castle? _______________________________________________________________2. ‘Motte and bailey’ castles were at risk to what two things? _______________________________________________3. With what were ‘motte and bailey’ castles eventually replaced?____________________________________________4. Castle builders built castles that met four specific requirements. List these requirements. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________5. Why were castles often built on hills, cliffs, overlooking mountain passes or on islands in the middle of lakes? ______________________________________________________________________________________________6. List the four factors taken into consideration when deciding where to build a castle. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Living in Castles6. Who lived in castles?___________________________________________________________________________7. What was the central building of the castle called? ____________________________________________________8. What did a visitor have to cross to reach the keep? ____________________________________________________9. List the rooms and who lived on all four levels of the keep. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________5. How was the keep heated and what was one of the problems related to this heating source?
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________6. Where was the kitchen located and why?_____________________________________________________________Defending the Castle Under Siege 6. Who protected the castle? ______________________________________________________________________7. Describe a ‘siege’.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________3. What was the first line of defence that the attackers would encounter outside the castle? _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________4. What was a ‘murder hole’?________________________________________________________________________Definitions forcrenellations, ___________________________________________________________________________________ merlons,_______________________________________________________________________________________ machicolations,__________________________________________________________________________________ loopholes,______________________________________________________________________________________ mangonel,______________________________________________________________________________________ trebuchet,_____________________________________________________________________________________ ballista._______________________________________________________________________________________
Item Number Individual Cost
Progressive amount
Sheep 10 $2.50 10 x $2.50 =$25.00
Item Number Individual Cost
Progressive amount
Sheep 10 $2.50 10 x $2.50 =$25.00
Year 8 Hist: The Middle Ages Lesson 9 Numeracy Activity
Year
8 H
ist:
Th
e M
idd
le A
ges L
esson
10
Lab
ellin
g A
cti
vit
y.La
bel th
e a
ctiv
itie
s of
a M
onk’s
Day
Year
8 H
ist:
Th
e M
idd
le A
ges L
esson
11
Read
ing
Acti
vit
y
VIL
LA
GE L
IFE I
N T
HE M
IDD
LE A
GES
Ord
inary
people
or
peasa
nts
liv
e o
n land r
ente
d t
o t
hem
by t
heir
loca
l Lo
rd (
Baro
ns,
Earl
s,
Duke
s, K
nig
hts
, A
bbots
, etc
.). O
ur
ance
stors
then a
s w
ell
as
payin
g r
ent,
had t
o d
o o
ther
work
fo
r th
e land o
wners
. T
he lord
of
the m
anor
usu
ally
liv
ed in a
big
manor
hou
se,
while
the p
oor
lived in h
uts
. R
em
em
ber
the m
ovie
“R
ob
in H
ood”.
The p
oor
had v
ery
few
rig
hts
and c
ould
not
travel fa
r u
nle
ss t
hey h
ad t
he p
erm
issi
on o
f th
eir
Lord
an
d “
mast
er”
. Som
e p
eop
le t
ravelle
d n
o m
ore
20
ki
lom
etr
es
from
th
eir
house
all
their
liv
es.
Th
ere
were
very
few
majo
r to
wns
or
hig
hw
ays
in t
he B
riti
sh Isl
es
Engla
nd,
Sco
tland
, W
ale
s and
N
ort
hern
Isl
and. M
ost
peop
le liv
ed a
nd d
ied a
s re
nte
rs/t
en
ants
. There
were
very
few
wealt
hy
people
and t
hey w
ere
nearl
y a
lways
only
ric
h d
ue t
o inheri
tance
. O
rdin
ary
peop
le ,w
ho w
ere
kn
ow
n t
hen
as
peasa
nts
or
vill
ein
s w
ere
basi
cally
ow
ned b
y t
heir
Squ
ire o
r Lo
rds.
Peasa
nts
bu
ilt t
heir
ow
n h
uts
. Th
ey w
ere
made f
rom
tim
ber
fram
es
and fi
lled w
ith “
watt
le a
nd
d
aub”,
a m
ixtu
re o
f m
ud, st
raw
an
d a
nim
al h
air. Their
roofs
were
usu
ally
thatc
hed
or
tile
d a
nd
th
eir
hom
es
usu
ally
consi
sted
of
2 r
oom
s. T
hese
room
s w
ere
;- o
ne f
or
the f
am
ily- o
ne f
or
the a
nim
als
(esp
eci
ally
in w
inte
r)Th
e e
art
h fl
oor
was
covere
d in s
traw
and
the r
oof
space
was
use
d f
or
stori
ng
hay.
Som
eti
mes
if
big
enough, th
e c
hild
ren w
ould
sle
ep in t
he “
loft
”. W
hile
most
vill
ag
ers
were
serf
s, a
very
fort
unate
few
were
fre
em
en
. These
people
could
ow
n
hom
es,
busi
ness
es
and
equ
ally
im
port
antl
y t
ravel. S
erf
s if v
ery
luck
y m
ight
be a
ble
to e
ither;
a)
Buy t
heir
fre
edom
and/o
rb
) B
e g
rante
d t
heir
fre
edom
due t
o loyal and o
r m
ilita
ry s
erv
ice
c) Join
ing t
he C
hurc
h a
nd
relig
ious
ord
ers
d)
Marr
yin
g a
fre
e p
ers
on
and b
ein
g b
oug
ht
out
of
serv
itude.
The p
osi
tion o
f w
om
en in t
he M
idd
le A
ges
was
far
wors
e t
han t
hat
of
men.
A w
om
an’s
soci
al
stand
ing w
as
only
ever
eq
ual to
that
of
her
hu
sband o
r D
ad.
Sh
e w
as
sadly
, se
en
in m
any
inst
ance
s as
an
oth
er
type o
f p
oss
ess
ion
of
a m
an. Fu
rther,
youn
g g
irls
were
oft
en m
arr
ied b
y
ag
e 1
4.
D
om
est
ic v
iole
nce
was
a d
aily
fact
of
life in t
he M
idd
le A
ges.
Wiv
es
an
d c
hild
ren c
ould
be
beate
n a
nd t
he a
buse
r w
as
just
seen a
s bein
g “
in c
on
trol of
his
fam
ily”.
W
om
en
who c
hose
not
to m
arr
y c
ould
be d
riven f
ar
into
the d
eep w
ood
s. H
ere
they o
ften h
ad
to liv
e b
y t
heir
wit
s. S
om
eti
mes
their
level of
pers
ecu
tion led
th
em
to b
ein
g b
urn
ed a
t th
e
stake
as
wit
ches.
Thin
k, h
ow
ever,
at
the a
ge o
f 1
4 g
irls
and y
ou m
ay h
ave b
een f
orc
ed t
o
marr
y s
om
eone a
lot
old
er,
who y
ou
did
not
love.
What
a p
rosp
ect
. T
he h
eir
to t
he e
state
was
alw
ays
a m
ale
. W
ealt
h w
as
alw
ays
inheri
ted a
nd p
eople
no m
att
er
how
tale
nte
d w
ould
have t
o s
ett
le f
or
the lifest
yle
they w
ere
born
into
. S
om
e b
enefits
of
the M
iddle
ag
es
were
, how
ever,
as
item
ised
;- D
ivorc
e w
as
pra
ctic
ally
im
poss
ible
an
d f
am
ilies
had t
o s
tay t
ogeth
er,
wheth
er
Mum
and D
ad
were
no longer
madly
in love o
r not.
- Boys
really
got
to s
pend t
ime w
ith
their
Dads.
Work
ing s
ide b
y s
ide e
very
day.
Shari
ng t
he
good t
imes
wit
h t
he b
ad.
- Gir
ls s
pent
the s
am
e q
ualit
y t
ime w
ith
their
moth
ers
. H
elp
ing o
ut
in e
very
poss
ible
way…
. In
cludin
g c
hild
bir
th.
- Fam
ilies
stru
ggle
d t
og
eth
er
and
sta
yed t
igh
t. T
hey s
hare
d t
he w
ork
load
an
d w
ere
oft
en v
ery
cl
ose
. There
was
littl
e lonelin
ess
. - F
arm
life w
as
bett
er
than t
he s
lum
s of
city
life w
hic
h w
as
to b
e t
he f
utu
re o
f th
eir
desc
end
ants
.