workers’ health in the region of the americas

PAHO-99PAHO-99

050TEN991

Pan American Health OrganizationPan American Health Organization

Workers’ Health in the Regionof the Americas

Workers’ Health in the Regionof the Americas

REGIONAL

PLAN

REGIONAL

PLAN

PAHO-99PAHO-99

050TEN992


Worker’s HealthWorker’s Health

Strategic and

Programatic

Orientations

1999-2002

Strategic and

Programatic

Orientations

1999-2002

Resolution XIV1990

Resolution XIV1990

PAHO-99PAHO-99

050TEN993



Current Situation

Trends

Inequities

Institutional Vacuum

Current Situation

Trends

Inequities

Institutional Vacuum

ResponseResponse

Regional Plan of Workers’ HealthRegional Plan of Workers’ Health

PAHO-99PAHO-99

050TEN994



Human Sustainable Development

Human Sustainable Development

PAHO-99PAHO-99

050TEN995


Economically Active Population (EAP)

Economically Active Population (EAP)

EAP Region

EAP USA and Canada

EAP Latin America and

Caribbean

EAP Region

EAP USA and Canada

EAP Latin America and

Caribbean

351 millions 100%

150 Millions 42.5%

201 Millions 57.5%

351 millions 100%

150 Millions 42.5%

201 Millions 57.5%

PAHO-99PAHO-99

050TEN996


Determinants factorsDeterminants factors

Labor Market - IncomeLabor Market - Income

Work OrganizationWork Organization

Labor Force CompositionLabor Force Composition

Occupational RisksOccupational Risks

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Transitional Economies

- Multinationals Corporations

- Medium - Small Industries

- Informal Sector

51.6% Informal Sector

20- 40% Incomes below cost of

basic Market Baket

8.5% Unemploment

Transitional Economies

- Multinationals Corporations

- Medium - Small Industries

- Informal Sector

51.6% Informal Sector

20- 40% Incomes below cost of

basic Market Baket

8.5% Unemploment

Work ProfilesWork Profiles

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050TEN998


Social - Environmental - SanitaryInequities

Social - Environmental - SanitaryInequities

* Income differences rich/poor: 20:1

* Formal Sector with Occupational Services: 30%

* Informal Worker:> Risks< Income< Protection< Access

* High Risk groups: Women, Children, Migrants, Indigenous, Elderly

* Income differences rich/poor: 20:1

* Formal Sector with Occupational Services: 30%

* Informal Worker:> Risks< Income< Protection< Access

* High Risk groups: Women, Children, Migrants, Indigenous, Elderly

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050TEN999


Profile of the Working Woman Profile of the Working Woman

Participation Rate 45%

Women labor force remunerated 30%

Informal Work 30-50%

Average hrs/week 80

Salary Difference Men-Women 40-71%

Participation Rate 45%

Women labor force remunerated 30%

Informal Work 30-50%

Average hrs/week 80

Salary Difference Men-Women 40-71%

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050TEN9910


Profile child laborProfile child labor

- LAC 15 millions (OIT)- LAC 15 millions (OIT)

- USA 4 millions (OIT)- 20% children 10-14 years old working

- USA 4 millions (OIT)- 20% children 10-14 years old working

(UNICEF)

PAHO-99PAHO-99

050TEN9911


Risk ProfilesRisk Profiles

• Ergonomic

• Biological

• Physical

• Chemical

• Psychosocial

• Ergonomic

• Biological

• Physical

• Chemical

• Psychosocial

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050TEN9912


Risk profilesRisk profiles

Hypertension

Poor access to drinking water and unhealthy sanitation

Alcohol consumption

MalnutriciónMalnutrition

Lack of physical activity

High-risk sexual behavior

Employment

Tobacco use

Atmospheric pollution

Drug abuse

00 5050 100100 150150 200200 250250

Number of deaths

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Risk ProfilesRisk Profiles

00 10001000 20002000 30003000 40004000 50005000 60006000 70007000

Years of Life with Disability

Fuente: Murray, CJL, et al. " The Global Burden of Disease". 1996Fuente: Murray, CJL, et al. " The Global Burden of Disease". 1996

HypertensionHypertension



Alcohol consumptionAlcohol consumption

MalnutritionMalnutrition

Lack of physical activityLack of physical activity

High-risk sexual behaviorHigh-risk sexual behavior

EmploymentEmployment

Tobacco useTobacco use

Atmospheric pollutionAtmospheric pollution

Drug abuseDrug abuse

PAHO-99PAHO-99

050TEN9914


• 36 Injuries/minute• 5 Million /year• 90,000 fatal injuries• 300 workers die daily

• 36 Injuries/minute• 5 Million /year• 90,000 fatal injuries• 300 workers die daily

Impact: OccupationalInjuries

Impact: OccupationalInjuries

PAHO-99PAHO-99

050TEN9915


Notified Occupational Diseases and InjuriesCalifornia, USA 1989

Notified Occupational Diseases and InjuriesCalifornia, USA 1989

Gonorrhea

Syphilis

Hepatitis

AIDS

Shigellosis

Salmonellosis

Tuberculosis

Measles

Amebiasis

Chicken pox

Gonorrhea

Syphilis

Hepatitis

AIDS

Shigellosis

Salmonellosis

Tuberculosis

Measles

Amebiasis

Chicken pox

Repetitive stress injuries

Contusions, lacerations

Fractures

Burns

Acute pesticide poisoning

Carpal tunnel syndrome

Cancer

Pneumoconiosis

Amputation

Lead poisoning

Repetitive stress injuries

Contusions, lacerations

Fractures

Burns

Acute pesticide poisoning

Carpal tunnel syndrome

Cancer

Pneumoconiosis

Amputation

Lead poisoning

74,19574,195

18,10618,106

11,08111,081

6,4816,481

5,2245,224

4,2124,212

1,5681,568

3,0533,053

1,0001,000

5,4685,468

40,49040,490

9,7409,740

2,1182,118

1,8001,800

1,5961,596

1,0001,000

1,1001,100

2,0242,024

103,270103,270

199,038199,038

OccupationalsOccupationalsTransmisiblesTransmisibles

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050TEN9916


Occupational DiseasesOccupational Diseases

Notification in Latin America And

The Caribbean

1% - 5% of all cases

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050TEN9917


UnemploymentUnemployment

Social

Injustice

Syndrome

Social

Injustice

Syndrome

OccupationalCancer

OccupationalCancer

ReproductiveProblems

ReproductiveProblems

Occupationalstress

Occupationalstress

OsteomuscularProblemas

OsteomuscularProblemas AccidentsAccidents

Hearing LossHearing LossCardiovascular DiseasesCardiovascular Diseases

Endemic diseasesEndemic diseases

Homicides Suicides Violence

Homicides Suicides Violence

AlcoholismAlcoholism

PoisoningPoisoning

RespiratoryProblems

RespiratoryProblems

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Workers’ HealthResponse

Workers’ HealthResponse

Labor OrganizationsPrivate sector Organizations

National Governments

Other key actors- Collaborating Centers- NGOs- Universities- Media

International Organizations

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Regional Plan for Workers’ HealthPrinciples

Regional Plan for Workers’ HealthPrinciples

• Universality

• Equity

• Participation

• Comprehensive

• Coherence

• Opportunity

• Universality

• Equity

• Participation

• Comprehensive

• Coherence

• Opportunity

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REGIONAL PLAN: purposeREGIONAL PLAN: purpose

To contribute to an improvement in the working environment, living conditions, health status and general well-being of workers, to advance towards sustainable human development with equity and social justice

To contribute to an improvement in the working environment, living conditions, health status and general well-being of workers, to advance towards sustainable human development with equity and social justice

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REGIONAL PLAN : Programatic AreasREGIONAL PLAN : Programatic Areas

Policy andLegislationPolicy andLegislation

Political normative frame work

Political normative frame work

Primary Health CarePrimary Health Care

ComprehensiveHealth ServicesComprehensiveHealth Services

Primary PreventionPrimary Prevention

Quality of Work Environment

Quality of Work Environment

Healthy WorkplacesHealthy Workplaces

Workers’ Health Promotion

PAHO-99PAHO-99

050TEN9922

Pan American Health OrganizationPan American Health OrganizationWORKERS’ HEALTH

PREVENTION

WORKERS’ HEALTHPREVENTIONPremarket Testing

Substitution and Elimination

Engineering Control

Environmental Monitoring

Personal Protective Devices

PrimaryPrevention Primary

Prevention

Biological Monitoring

Preclinical Medical Examination

SecundaryPrevention

SecundaryPrevention

Diagnosis

Therapy

Rehabilitation

TertiaryPrevention

TertiaryPrevention

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REGIONAL PLAN : Environmental Quality

REGIONAL PLAN : Environmental Quality

• Surveillance systems and Hazard controlSuavidero- Saiso

• Collection and Distribution of Information

• Development of human resouces: Industrial Higiene, Ergonomics, Toxicology, Epidemiology others.

• Instruments and programs for intervention

• Surveillance systems and Hazard controlSuavidero- Saiso

• Collection and Distribution of Information

• Development of human resouces: Industrial Higiene, Ergonomics, Toxicology, Epidemiology others.

• Instruments and programs for intervention

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REGIONAL PLAN :Policy and Legislation

REGIONAL PLAN :Policy and Legislation

• Explicit Policies• Modern Legislation• National - Subregional Plans• Reform Process• Integration Process• Development process

• Explicit Policies• Modern Legislation• National - Subregional Plans• Reform Process• Integration Process• Development process

PAHO-99PAHO-99

050TEN9925


REGIONAL PLAN: Worker’s Health Promotion

Healthy People in Healthy Environment

REGIONAL PLAN: Worker’s Health Promotion

Healthy People in Healthy Environment

• New Work Culture• Personal and Collective Development• Raising Awareness• Cummunity Participation• Primary Environmental Care• Healthy Cities, Healthy School, and other

• New Work Culture• Personal and Collective Development• Raising Awareness• Cummunity Participation• Primary Environmental Care• Healthy Cities, Healthy School, and other

PAHO-99PAHO-99

050TEN9926


REGIONAL PLAN: Comprehensive Health Services

REGIONAL PLAN: Comprehensive Health Services

• Prevention, Promotion, Medical care, Rehabilitation

• Ministry of Health• Social Security• Private Services• Workers’ Clinics

• Prevention, Promotion, Medical care, Rehabilitation

• Ministry of Health• Social Security• Private Services• Workers’ Clinics

PAHO-99PAHO-99

050TEN9927


WORKERS’ HEALTHWORKERS’ HEALTH

workers’ health in the region of the americas

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