wo_nast3006_e01_1 umts indoor coverage solution

7/23/2019 WO_NAST3006_E01_1 UMTS Indoor Coverage Solution

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UMTS Indoor Coverage Solution

ZTE University


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Content

Characteristic of Indoor Coverage Design of the Indoor Coverage

The Indoor Coverage Solution

Key Points of Indoor Coverage Cases of Indoor Coverage


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UE usage sceneclassification

Source: NTT DoCoMo statistics

Indoor data service is the main source of

income increment

DoCoMo statistics shows the traffic volume of ! Indoor

service is "#$% and most is ! service&

The data service can advance '(PU and restrain '(PU fromdecreasingData service is the drive )ower to advance '(PU and for the

*)erator to develo) different service&


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Coverage It causes much )ass loss of radio wave and results in )oor coverageeven +lind s)ots due to screening and a+sor+ance of +uildings&

Ca)acity, +uilding such as sho))ing mall and e-hi+ition center have radio channel

congestion +ecause of high traffic&.uality, Signaling interference is common in high stories of +uildings and signaling

received is unsta+le and /Ping0Pong effect1 will a))ear% and therefore voice 2uality could

not +e assured and call dro)s fre2uently ha))en&

Indoor coverage is very im)ortant for networ3

)erformance

Ping0)ong effect

4middle5

6lind areas and )oorsignal areas 4elevatorsand +asement5

7etwor3 +usy 4large0scale sho))ing mall

and e-hi+ition center5

Isolated island effect

4to)5


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There is much )ass loss with the high fre2uency of

!& The much )enetrate loss ma3e the Marco outdoor

site not )rovide full radio coverage at indoor&

Much more services ha))en indoor% including voice

and data service& The )erfect indoor coverage is useful to

raise networ3 ca)acity&

8oice is main service at 9! )eriod% it

use wide coverage strategy to solve

the )ro+lem of coverage and ca)acity

coverag

e

Ca)a

city

cove

rage

ca)acity 2uatity

9!

)eriod

!

)eriod

Perfect indoor coverage is the key of network built from thinking about coverage and capacityPerfect indoor coverage is the key of network built from thinking about coverage and capacity

The )erfect indoor coverage is the 3ey of !

networ3 structure&


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Service (e2uirements

Material Type Transmission Loss

Common brick wall (< 30 cm) 10-15 dB

Reinforced concrete wall 20-30 dB

Ceiling channel 1-8 dB

Bo-t!"e ele#ator 30 dB

$ooden f%rnit%re 3-& dB

'la 5-8 dB

The )enetration coverage method of an outdoor 'cer station

cannot meet the indoor service re2uirements% +ut serves as an

au-iliary method&


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discrete distri+ution

Signal interfere and lea3

Same indoor distri+uted system

Traffic share smooth interim

Same networ3 with indoor and outdoor% share with the coverage and

ca)acity of all networ3% same 9! indoor system% +uilt ! indoorsystem 2uic3ly

The )ro)erty analysis of ! indoor:outdoor

same coverage


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Construction Condition

;iring Condition

Electric Condition

E-terior Condition

Indoor signal 2uality

Environment Interfere

User )erce)tion )ower

consum)tion

(is3 of mar3et e-)ansion

7etwor3 mature changing

Smooth mar3et e-)ansion ca)a+ility

Costs to +uilt and maintain

Costs and 2uantity of

e2ui)ment

Power saving ca)a+ility


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Content





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7etwor3ing Mode

Passive coa-ial distri+ution antenna system


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7etwor3ing Mode

'ctive coa-ial distri+ution antenna system


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Signal Source

ignal o%rce *d#antage *""lied cenario

+icrocell%lar im"le intallation, wideada"tabilit!, and im"le andfleible "lanning

ndoor co#erage !tem with hea#! traffic

Re"eater .ow cot, mat%re technolog!,

and high efficienc!, witho%ttranmiion

ndoor co#erage !tem with light traffic

RR/ leible "oition of radiofre%enc! mod%le and fleibleconfig%ration of bae tation"arameter

*ll cenario

*cer tation .arge ca"acit! and hightabilit!

f the indoor ditrib%tion !tem need bede"lo!ed in a b%ilding with *cer tationand the ca"acit! of the *cer tation i%fficient, conider %ing one ector of the*cer tation to de"lo! indoor ditrib%tion


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'ntenna Position Selection

!enerally% the floors of a +uilding ado)t the cross coverage mode& The

loss of a floor is a+out =909# d6% so you need to consider the antenna

coverage of this floor and the antenna coverage of the ad>acent floor

during design& In a tall +uilding% the antennas at an odd floor and those

at an even floor should +e installed in cross )ositions to ensure that

the antennas cover the wea3 areas and to fully use the )ower of the

antennas&


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Transmission Model in Indoor Environment

;hen the electromagnetic wave

transmits in free s)ace% its )ath

can +e considered as a ray

connecting to the transceiver& The

electromagnetic wave transmission

loss in the free s)ace is as follows,

!r and !t refer to the receiving

antenna gain and the transmitter

antenna gain 4d65&

( refers to the distance +etweenthe transceivers&

? refers to the wave length&

If ? @ =&A cm% 4f @ 9&9 !B5,

The unit of ( is the meter&

)3(2022)34(20 RLogGtGrRLogGtGrPL +++=++=


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Transmission of Indoor (adio ;ave

Most a))lications focus on the indoor environments& The indoor radio

channel is different from the traditional mo+ile radio channel in two

as)ects, smaller coverage distance and greater environmental

change& ;hen the radio channel transmits in a +uilding% it is affected

+y the +uilding layout% material structure% and +uilding ty)e&

The formula of calculating indoor radio transmission loss is as follows,

, )ath loss 4d65

P, )ath loss = m away from the antenna 4d65% with the reference value of

d6

d, distance 4m5


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Transmission of Indoor (adio ;ave

+aterial !"e .o

Common brick wall (< 30 cm) 10-15 dB

Concrete wall 20-30 dB

Concrete floor 25-30 dB

Ceiling "i"e 1-8 dB

6le#ator with metal handrailing 5 dB

Cabinet-ha"ed ele#ator 30 dB

Bod! 3 dB

$ooden f%rnit%re 3-& dB

'la 5-8 dB


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Coverage Prediction

The indoor receiving signal field strength can +e calculated according

to the following formula,

Pt, antenna )ort )ower

!t, transmitter antenna gain

, )ath loss% calculated according to the relevant formula !r, receiving antenna gain

In design of indoor signal )ower% consider setting the antenna )ort

)ower to =F d6m& In this case% )eo)le under the antenna are safe&

In the UMTS system% use )ilot strength to measure the coverage

range& To )redict the indoor signal field strength% also use )ilot strengthas the measurement standard& In general% the value of Pt is F d6m&

GrLGtPt ++=7r


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'ntenna Distri+ution Planning

The following figure shows the distri+ution of antennas inan office +uilding&

' C

6 D

E


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Corridor 'ntenna Planning

The num+er of antennas in the +uilding de)ends on the rooms at +oth sides of

the corridor& The rooms in a hotel are in com)le- structure% where signal

attenuation is great& 'n office +uilding has large rooms% where signal attenuation

is relatively small&

The )rinci)le for de)loying an antenna at the elevator entrance is the same as

that in a tu+e0sha)ed +uilding&

't +oth sides of the corridor% de)loy the antennas in )ositions where the signalsare higher than the outdoor signal level measured at the corridor window&

In a +uilding with a corner% it is recommended to de)loy an antenna at the

corner&

* 6 C


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'ntenna Planning in the Ball

In the hall on floor = of a +uilding% consider the following conditions during antenna

)lanning&


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'ntenna Planning in a Conference (oom

The antenna in the hall of a conference room not only

covers the entire area +ut also is close to the window side&

In addition% ensure that the level of the antenna signal to

the window side is F d6 higher than the outdoor signallevel&

;indow

'


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'ntenna Planning in a arge Sho))ing Mall

In a large0sied sho))ing mall with regular structure%

de)loy antennas evenly to facilitate chec3 and

maintenance& Install antennas in relatively o)en areas

instead of the areas near the )osts&

' 6 C

D E er#icecontin%it! co#erage)

-:0


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'ntenna Port Power Difference

Port Power Difference 4d65

UMTS higher than !SM## 9

UMTS higher than DCS=H## 0&F

UMTS higher than PBS 0=9

UMTS higher than ;'7 0=A

UMTS higher than CDM'


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System Ca+ling Diagram


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Schematic Diagram


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Content





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Ty)ical Scenarios of Indoor Coverage

Relati#el! mall wall atten%ation b%t man! wall +edi%m traffic, with long d%ration of a ingle

call $itho%t the indoor antenna ditrib%tion !tem

+an! "artition between room, great ignalatten%ation, and com"le wirele en#ironment igh traffic and high re%irement on er#ice

%alit! $ith the indoor antenna ditrib%tion !tem in

mot cae

6ncloed internal "ace and ingle wirele

en#ironment

Reg%lar traffic

$ith the indoor antenna ditrib%tion !tem

in mot cae

?ffice b%ilding

Reidential area

%bwa! t%nnel


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arge0scale 6uildings

BB/

/ndergro%nd "arking lot%"er market

+acro RR/

BB/@+acro RR/ (40 $&0$)

?%tdoor dene %rban areaha#e large "ower and wideco#erage, o "a! greatattention to co#erage %alit!and ca"acit!

ome =odeB (20 m$)

/e the eiting indoor

wideband reo%rce to co#er

the blind area %ch a

conference room, tair, and

corner

Re"eater @ indoor ditrib%tion

!tem

/e the re"eater a the ignal

o%rce to im"lement indoor

co#erage of low cot, which i

a""lied to encloed area with

light traffic

=B

=B

6*.

6*.


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arge com)le- arge com)le- has large area% and stadium% air)ort and railway +elong to

this grou)&

Ta3e Shenyang olym)ics stadium for e-am)le% it occu)ies 9FG%### s2uaremeters with 9"H meter length% 9F meter width% and H9 meter heights& It

has A floors and two0story stand and can hold A#% ### )o)ulation&

Multi)le cells of Shenyang *lymi)ics ZTE stadium are classified vertically

and handover area of cells in the same story shall +e )ro)erly )lanned&

C6..1

C6..2C6..3

C6..4


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Su+way Tunnels

Cover shorter tunnels +y de)loying o)tical fi+er re)eater trun3 am)lifier

directional antenna&


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(esidential 'reas

(esidential areas !enerally% use the outdoor distri+ution system to achieve dee) coverage&

Use active com)onents such as !SM:CDM' trun3 am)lifier and )assivecom)onents such as cou)ler and )ower s)litter as well as the +ase stationto form an outdoor distri+ution system to solve the )ro+lem of )oor indoorsignal&

Su+ur+an villas The villas are relatively low% scattered% and cover a large area% so it is

recommended to use a radio0fre2uency re)eater and an o)tical fi+erre)eater&


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Coverage of Underground Par3ing ots


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Content





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;hen the site is +uilt at the to) of the +uilding% the outdoor signal distri+ute

characteristics are as follows The high level of signal coverage is stronger than that of lower level&

The signal is much stronger close the window% it is to wea3en 2uic3ly with )enetrate dee)ly&

The +asement is +etter to se)arated% it +elongs to +lind s)ots with signal&

It should receive the stronger outdoor signal when the hall is glass to) floor&

The +uilding of China Unicom in Shenhen the signal distri+ute at 9# floor when the site is

at to) floor The area is HH&GH$ as the (SCP more than 0HFd6m&

'nalysis of outdoor signaling )enetrates indoors


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;hen the site do not +uilt at to) floor that the +uilding will +e covered% it cover

with outdoor )enetrates indoors from surrounding site signaling& +ecause of the

antenna height is controlled +y # meters% at the condition the +uilding of +eing

covered 4as #< +uilding% no site at to) floor5 signal distri+ute as follow It is +elongs to )oor coverage that the area with close window of high floor 4over 9#


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It is less investment and fast +uilt as

same indoor distri+ute system with 9!and !% The total )rinci)le of 9! and !

change It ensure the original networ3can get coverage re2uirement after

change %ma3e the most of original

e2ui)ment% control change costs The main style of indoor coverage +uilt

with 9!:! change The difficulty ofindoor coverage +uilt is to get

engineering construction )ermission&

Though same indoor system with 9!and ! is the first solution for already

finished 9! indoor site&

GSM

UMTS

DCS

+%ltifr

e%enc

!

mier

WLAN

WLAN

Elevator

F1

F2

F14

...

F15

The )rinci)le of 9!:! indoor system change


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The re2uirement analysis of

)ro)hase can get re2uirement of !

)ower configuration

It can use 9! system for smallcoverage or single fa+ric non0source

system&

It should ad>ust feeder% antenna

num+er and location if necessary&

Non-o!r"e #te$ $a%e !& o' "o!&ler( 'ee)er

antenna( &l*ter + ,e !*ta,le *t $all "overa/e ,!*l)*n/ + A a re!lt o' no o!r"e e0!*&$ent tro!,le

&o*nt( o "a!e loer tro!,le rate (not nee)$a*ntenan"e an) ea# to e&an)

%(ewith

non-(o%rce(!(tem

Sharing with Passive Distri+ution System


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So!r"e )*tr*,!t*n/ #te$ * to a)) re&eater an)

"overa/e to &a*ve )*tr*,!t*on #te$ So!r"e e0!*&$ent "an "o$&enate */nal*n/ o!r"e lo

*n te tran$**on an) e&an) "overa/e ran/e So!r"e #te$ * !!all# a&&l*e) to $e)*!$ or lar/e

*n)oor "overa/e #te$ *n 2G netor% So!r"e e0!*&$ent *ll *n)!"e *nter'eren"e an) r*e

'loor no*e

*m"lifier

! is self0interfering system and itJs +etter not to use re)eaters&

(e)eater shall not +ring e-cessive noises to donor sites ess than =d6% u)lin3 gain can +e ad>usted to achieve the +alance of u)lin3 and downlin3 of

re)eaters&

arge0)ower re)eater not recommended F; is +est% =#; shall +e carefully handled and 9#; is for+idden& Small0)ower re)eaters are not

suggested either

7o cascading allowed Cascading of re)eaters will result in deterioration of the u)lin3

(e)eater used for com)ensation of coverage es)ecially in lifts re)eater not for ca)acity fulfilling

*""

lication

"rinci"le(

Sharing with 'ctive Distri+ution System0=


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The a+ove shows adding a

dual+and com+iner to avoid

re)etitive wiring&

Suita+le for )laces away from

signaling source and wherewiring is difficult

The following shows the

construction of a new ! indoor

coverage system% sharing the)assive )art of the integral system

Suita+le for )laces with high

coverage re2uirements and easy

wiring &

Sharing with 'ctive Distri+ution System09


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The signals reach the signal source through a multi0core o)tical fi+er and the

o)tical fi+er transmits +ase+and signals& The ((Us in different channels can share the same +ase+and to achieve

se)aration +etween coverage and )lanning& Com)ared with a trun3 am)lifier% the ((U has many advantages in ca)acity%

coverage% and engineering&

Multi0((U coverageMulti0((U coverage

9!signal

source

Cou)ler

Power

s)litter

Trun3 am)lifier

((U

Power

s)litter

9! signal

source66U

Cou)ler

((U 9! trun3 am)lifier

Com+iner

Com+iner

Sharing with 'ctive Distri+ution System0


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2G o!r"e

"o$,*ner "o!&ler

oer &l*tter

UMTS33U

UMTSU

If the com+iner is availa+le% and UMTS interface is )reserved% UMTS signaling can

directly into the com+iner if )revious com+iner doesnJt su))ort UMTS or no com+iner is

availa+le% add a multi0+and com+iner&The wor3ing fre2uency of )assive devices such as cou)ler or )ower s)litter shall +e

within H## 9="# MB If ;'7 shares indoor distri+uting system% fre2uency shall +eH##L9F##MB&;hen using the same ca+les% 9=##MB signaling will +e largely attenuated and shall

+e changed to +ig0diameter ca+les or add a source transmission )ower&

ingle fre%enc! "ower di#ider $ideband "ower "litter

$ideband co%"leringle fre%enc! co%"ler

Passive devices alternation


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810 feeders longer than Fm in !SM system shall +e changed into =:9 6 feeders +HD:=#D feeders are not used for ma>or use&

12 6 feeder longer than 50m in '+ !tem hall be changed into ":H 6 feeders12 6 feeder longer than 30m hall be changed into":H 6 feeders


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Same fre2uency networ3 or low0floor sharing the outdoor fre2uency and

high0floor using other fre2uency +elong to intra0fre2uency networ3ing

Different fre2uency networ3 and one0floor sharing the outdoor fre2uency

and others using other fre2uency +elong to different fre2uencies

interwor3ing

Indoor outdoor Interwor3ing Scheme


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Content





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;e choose Shenhen Unicom 6uilding as one e-am)le

Unicom 6uilding lies in C6D area of center


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Site on the to) of Shenhen Unicom +uilding has four cells with antenna height a+out "#

meters& The nearest site is Telecom +uilding with FF meters far away from it% which

influences this site much&

;e can see that Shenhen Unicom 6uilding has a com)licated wireless environment

and can +e on half of the case that co0coverage +y indoor and outdoor together has a

restrict re2uirement a+out interference and ca)acity& So we can ta3e it as one e-am)le&

Surrounding environment of Shenhen

Unicom 6uilding

/nicom

elecom


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Unicom +uilding is a +uilding with 9G floors over earth and totally

GH& s2uare meters

Unicom +uilding has a glass wall structure and a com)licated indoor

environment&


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Indoor environment of Shenhen Unicom,


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Indoor coverage in Shenhen Unicom 6uilding use cells and ta3e the

form of 66U((U networ3&


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Introduction of 66U((U e2ui)ment ZNSD( 6H9## distri+ution sites are used in Shenhen Unicom 6uilding and

are consisted +y +ase station unit 6H9## and radio remote unit (HHG#&

Techni2ue s)ecification of it is as follows,!"e tem "ecific

"ecificof "ro"ert!

re%encie/"link 1:20+A 1:80+Aownlink 2110+A 21;0+A

Ca"abilit!

+a %""orted ector 24C

+a %""orted carrier 4

+a %""orted C6 channel for "%re #oice er#ice%"link :&0C6downlink :&0C6

+a channel in one cell 123

+a thro%gh"%t of !tem 21&+b"

?%t"%t "ower of carrier

R %nit t!"e ?%t"%t "ower of e%i"ment

R884040$

&0$

Recei#ing eniti#it!-12&5dBmD$C+* antenna recei#eing-12:2dBmD$C+* antenna recei#ing-131:dBmD$C+* E antenna recei#ing

7h!ical"ro"ert!

iAe of e%i"mentB820089 heightFwidthFdee" 884F482&F1:; mmR8840 89 heightFwidthFdee" 3;0F320F1&0 mm

$eight with f%ll e%i"ementB8200 8;5>'R8840 1&5>'

7ower%""l!

"ro"ert!

$a! of "ower %""l!,"ermitted range of #oltagechange

B8200 -48G C range -5; G C -40G C R8840 -48G C range-35 G C -&0 G C 220G *C range :0 G *C 300 G *C 110G *C e"anion %""orted 7 range 85G *C 135G *C


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Priority of 66U((U0= 8ersatile networ3

66U has a )ro)erty of high integrity% large ca)a+ility% less volume% light

weight etc& 66U can +e )laces together% +ase +and ca)a+ility can +eshared& It is suita+le to indoor cases with not0so0meanly0distri+uted and

can enhance sta+ility of system&

((U has a small volume% light weight and easy fi-ed& ((U can +e used

together with !SM indoor distri+ution system& ((U uses fi+er as

transmission% feed+ac3 losses are reduced effectively% which can reduceadditive losses in 9!BZ and ma3e ((U has the same coverage as !SM&

So% it is easy to ma3e 9:! together&

66U((U can realie coverage and ca)a+ility )lanning individually& It is

easy to e-)and networ3% and changing indoor distri+ution system is not

needed& It is used to meet the need of services in !&

Merge of multi)le ((U cells% coverage area are e-)anded effectively 66U((U su))ort ((U single cell merge techni2ue& Single cell su))ort =

to A ((U in indoor situation% which e-)and coverage area of single cell

and realie far coverage of many +uildings& This case can meet most

situations of indoor coverage&


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Priority of 66U((U09 ess wor3 of )ro>ect% low cost of o)eration and maintain

66U((U use fi+er instead of feed+ac3 ca+le has a sim)le way of

line distri+ution and is easy to wor3 on& ((U can afford all 3inds ofre2uirement of any situation and is not relia+le on trun3 am)lification&

In real networ3 trun3 am)lification can +e given u) or used in only a

few cases% so coverage 2uality decreasing caused +y too much trun3

am)lification can +e avoided&

66U is set u) integrally and can +e managed and monitored +y *MC&Traditional micro0cell manner need to monitor trun3 am)lification

e-cessively&

Change to co0usage is easy 66U((U way can distinguish cells reasona+ly and easily& E-)ansion

later can +e finished +y +ac3ground networ3 administration software&

7o necessary of further changes in hardware&

66U%((U can realie wall0hanging% and is convenient for indoor

coverage realiation and a))lication&


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To) and near+y sites affect much on Shenhen Unicom +uilding

for its glass wall structure& Potential strong signals coverage

come to live due to influence +y outside signals& 6ut outsidesignals can not reach dee) in the +uilding&

Unicom +uilding has a large ca)acity need& To ma3e sure of

indoor signals are not affected +y strong surrounding signals% we

suggest Unicom +uilding ta3e networ3 form of different

fre2uencies% that is using different fre2uencies indoor and outsidedoor% +ut the same fre2uencies in the +uilding&

;e can configure cells used +y lower floors to dual0fre2uencies

to ma3e this cell to +e on transient cell, indoor and outside

fre2uencies& ;hen one user comes indoor% user will switch to

indoor cell with the same fre2uency and switch to indoor cell withdifferent fre2uencies& ;hen user go out of indoor% com)ress

mode is activated% indoor cell with different fre2uencies transits to

outdoor cell&

Suggestions of indoor and outdoor co0

networ3


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Case 9, Ty)ical Elevator Coverage

*)timiation 'n office +uilding is de)loyed with the indoor distri+ution system 4cell '5% +ut it

cannot cover the elevators in the +uilding& In this case% an outdoor cell 6 isused to cover the elevators& The indoor cell covers the =0floor office areas

and an antenna is de)loyed in the )ar3ing lot% so the entrance to the elevator

on floor = has strong signal of cell '& Bowever% cell ' does not cover the area

inside the elevator% which is covered +y cell 6&

The )ro+lem area is located on floor =& Call dro) may occur when you enter

the elevator on floor = to go u)stairs or ta3e elevator to floor =&


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Pro+lem 'nalysis

6ecause cells ' and 6 are of the same fre2uency% this is a soft handoff

)ro+lem& In the elevator lo++y on floor =% indoor cell ' has )oor signal and cell 6

functions to cover the elevator& 6efore you enter the elevator% the signal of cell6 is switched& Therefore% no call dro) occurs when the elevator door is o)enedand closed on floor =& The signal of indoor cell ' in the elevator lo++y on floor= is very strong 4(SCP of 0"# d6m5% stronger than the signal of cell 6 4(SCPof 0H# d6m5& Ec:Io of cell 6 is =# d6 lower than that of cell '& 'fter the elevator

door is closed% the signal of cell 6 covers the elevator inside& ;hen the elevator door is o)ened and the signals of cell ' enter the elevator% Ec:Io

of cell 6 dro)s to 09# d6& In this case% if a mo+ile )hone is not added to cell 'immediately% call dro) occurs&

'fter the elevator door is closed% the signals of cell ' dro) 2uic3ly and Ec:Io of cell 6rises 2uic3ly& In this case% untimely soft handoff leads to call dro)&

This )oint is )roved +y analying the signaling +efore and after call dro)&

Sometimes% the UE su+mits a =' event measurement re)ort% +ut call dro)occurs +efore soft handoff is com)lete& Sometimes% call dro) occurs +efore themeasurement re)ort is su+mitted&

The cause of call dro) is untimely soft handoff&


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Pro+lem 'nalysis

To solve the )ro+lem of untimely soft handoff% choose one

method,

'd>ust handoff )arameters to initiate soft handoff more

easily&

Change soft handoff area through radio fre2uency to avoid

the areas where untimely handoff occurs% such as corners

and elevator entrances&


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'd>ust Bandoff Parameters

The )arameters that can +e ad>usted include soft handoff threshold%

delay trigger time% co0fre2uency filter factor% and co0fre2uency ad>acentcell CI*&

CI*, Change the CI*s of cells ' and 6 from # to Fd6 to ma3e softhandoff easier to occur&

=' event delay trigger time, Change it to #% that is% immediate trigger&

Co0fre2uency filter factor, Change it to = or # to ma3e it sensitive tosignal changes&

7ote that the )riority of these )arameters should +e from to) to +ottom+ecause the latter )arameter has greater im)act& The CI* is relevantto the ad>acent cell% which causes less im)act& The filter factor ta3eseffect for all co0fre2uency events% so +e careful to change this)arameter&

The changes are +ased on increase of soft handoff ratio& Therefore%consider it carefully if ca)acity0related issues are involved&


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(educe Signal Strength of Cell ' in Elevator

o++y on usted& To solve the )ro+lem%ad>ust the radio fre2uency& Disa+le the antenna of cell ' on floor ' oradd an attenuator to reduce the signal strength of cell ' in elevatorlo++y on floor = and to ma3e cell 6 +e in activated state in this area& Inthis way% call dro) does not occur when mo+ile )hones enter or e-itthe elevator& ust the radio fre2uency&

To solve the )ro+lem +y ad>usting )arameters% change the CI*&


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wo_nast3006_e01_1 umts indoor coverage solution

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