Heejung Kwon, Ph.D. Creative Innovation Research Centre, Yonsei Business Research Institute.

The 17th International Conference on Electronic Commerce 2015 Session E2: Mobile Service & Game Time : 1:10 pm - 2:30 pm, Tuesday 4th August Room : Seminar Room 3

UX Study on Collective Spatial Intelligence Based Urban App Services : Influences of Ecological HCI Experience Factors to Empathetic Behaviours

User Value : Experience As a WholeIn the age of invisible smart technology

2

#rainroom

3

How People Share Their Experience over the InternetHow People Share Their Experience over the Internet

Empathetic Behaviours Between StrangersThe Power of Anonymity

4

ICEC + KMIS 2015>Introduction• Urban App

• A form of communication services enforces a collaboration model in smart technology environment.

• Geographical Informations and informations related to the geo data ; lifestyle, emotional communication, innovative ideas

• “Shared Spaces”

• Physical/Virtual spaces, Social commons, Cultural experiences

5

If your mind’s millions miles away, you feel the distance from your friends next to you, while your mind staying close to them will shorten the distance, even if they are millions miles away.

The old phrase of “Proximity x Intimacy”

6

Anonymous Empathy

7

ICEC + KMIS 2015>Research Goals

• To test the possibility of Urban Apps as a Future Collaboration Platform.

• Interaction Architecture

• How to form novel tacit knowledges in the random interactions

• Design Components

8

ICEC + KMIS 2015>Theoretical Background• The difference between the traditional ecological approach(Gibson, 1986) and

the ecological HCI

• Traditional ecological approaches focused on formative aspects of affordances, while the ecological HCI in social computing is trying to highlight the cultural and social value systems that influence to epistemological functions.

• Ecological HCI is an effort to explain the contemporary evolution of technology, which is much faster than physiological evolutions.

• New speculative design model that has an origin of collective learning, and the social evolution model(Gaver, 1991, 1996)

9

Theoretical BackgroundTies of Anonymity

Table 2. Perceived tradeoffs of being anonymous vs. being identified (Kang, CHI 2013)

10

Category Advantages of being anonymous Advantages of being identified

Social connections

Avoid disliked others Avoid commitment to the community Lower barrier to new relationships Protect others one cares about

Connect to real life friends Have stronger social connections Encourages more participation

Social connections

Avoid disliked others Avoid commitment to the community Lower barrier to new relationships Protect others one cares about

Connect to real life friends Have stronger social connections Encourages more participation

Image building Have control over personal image Avoid embarrassment /judgment/criticism

Avoid harsh criticism Consistent with self-image

Emotional benefit Feel relax and comfortable Feel cool and sophisticated

Feel real, integrated Feel closer to people

Express opinion Feel free to express views Avoid irresponsible behavior

Privacy Have more control over personal information disclosure Look innocent

SecurityProtect personal safety Avoid legal repercussion/spam/stalk/lost of property Hide in the crowd

Ease of use Saves effort to log in Easy to remember account

ICEC + KMIS 2015>Theoretical Background• Tacit Knowledge of Collective Intelligence (Mascitelli, 2000)

• Although the tacit knowledge of each individual is personal and unique, much of wisdom embodied in the minds of experts can be absorbed by others through the time-honoured social relationships of apprenticeship and collaboration(Dutta, 1997).

• Perhaps the most important step toward harnessing the tacit knowledge of individuals and teams is to allow it to flow from the pull of emotional commitment and deep personal involvement(Grant, 1996)

11

ICEC + KMIS 2015>Methods : Single Holistic Case Study• Unit of Analysis : Urban Apps

• Comparative Services : Circle, Foursquare, and Swarm

• Table - Components of Urban Apps

12

Phases System Features Functions

Grouping CollaborationSupport Collaborations and collective information seeking

Visualization Visualisation of Geo Data

Enable efficient communication with the outcomes of information seeking activities.

Mobilization Swam Behaviour

Produce tacit knowledges efficiently by spatial, and emotional swarming behaviours.

ICEC + KMIS 2015>Methods : Single Holistic Case Study

• Around App

• Feature 1. Empathetic Comment Board

13

ICEC + KMIS 2015>Methods : Single Holistic Case Study

• Around App

• Feature 2. A simple login process that eliminated the procedure of filling in personal information.

14

ICEC + KMIS 2015>Methods : Single Holistic Case Study• Around App

• Feature 3. Setting for Communication Group

• Setting dimensions

• Physical Distance

• Ages

15

ICEC + KMIS 2015>Data Collection : Structure of Communication

16

• My Story : Anonymity and Psychological Distance

• Individual storytelling

• Tools : Empathy, Cheer-up, Cherry gift.

ICEC + KMIS 2015>Data Collection : Structure of Communication

• Sincere Post Card

• The stronger media : images

• Captures of handwriting post cards : the same installation of anonymous wall messages/graffitis.

17

ICEC + KMIS 2015>Data Collection : Structure of Communication

• Even more empathetic talks & Behaviours

• Cherry Gift

• Sweet Cabinet

18

ICEC + KMIS 2015>Conclusions• Sharing empathetic stories in the geographical proximity dimension among anonymous users;

• The emotional exchange, and spatial proximity combination gives rise to the degree of being empathetic.

• The advantages of being anonymous (Kang, 2013)

• Emotional benefits, and feeling free of expressing opinion lead the creative, and empathetic communication. Therefore it cultivates the amicable condition for the social exchange.

• Recording features of common experiences (Halbwachs, 1992)

• Just like the formation of collective memories, common experience of historical events, and spatial visits among virtual collaborators are essential to constitute identical ethics and values.

19

– To follow up further studies

“@dsdlab” Everywhere

20