Update of Austrian PM emission inventory

Wilfried Winiwarter, Hermann Schmidt-Stejskal, Andreas Windsperger and Traute Köther

10th joint TFEIP/EIONET meeting, Vienna, May 11/12, 2009

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Overview

Characteristics of particulate matter

The Austrian emission inventory: basic situation

Results and open questions

Outlook: PM emissions in Europe

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Characteristics

PM … not a unique compound

PM properties

Size

Chemical composition

Optical properties

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Atmospheric lifetime

Release process:

Friction or agglomeration?

Atmospheric behaviour,

removal

(note: atmospheric formation)

Impact: health; climate

TSP

PM10PM2.5

Witt

maa

ck e

t al

.

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Emission sources

Based on activity data / system of OLI(Austrian inventory system)

First PM inventory for Austria completed in 2001

Update completed by end 2007

Follows CORINAIR SNAP categories, adaptations for PM emissions

Considers international activities, when documented

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Photo by C. Trenker

Power plantsPower plants

Space heatingSpace heating

TransportTransport

ConstructionConstruction

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Emissions within a category are determined by

Combustion/release conditions

Installation type (very efficient abatement)

Processes between generation and release

Street canyon Forest canopyLandfill

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Domestic heating

0

3000

6000

9000

other sources

other fuels

woodfire - newstandardwoodfire - oldstandard

tons

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Industry

0

5000

10000

15000

20000

25000

30000

TSP PM2.5

production

wood processing

construction

agricultural mat.

mineral materials

tons

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Road transport

0

5000

10000

15000

20000

25000

TSP PM2.5

road suspension / fuel export

exhaust / fuel export

road suspension

HDV

passenger cars & LDV

tons

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Agriculture

0

2000

4000

6000

8000

10000

12000

14000

TSP PM2.5

animal housing

field operations

tons

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Potential emissions

Fugitive emissions: small emission rate at large area

Source-based measurements frequently provide alarming estimates: (road dust suspension) Animal housing Field operations Rail transport Quarries Wind blown dust

Discrepancy between release potential and actual release

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PM Emissions (total)

SNAP sector TSP Emissions 2000 (tons)

TSP Emissions 2000

(including „potential

emissions“

01: Combustion in energy and transformation industry 673 673

02: Non-industrial combustion plants 8 954 8 954

03: Combustion in manufacturing industry 1 614 1 614

04: Production processes 28 363 28 363

05: Extraction and distribution of fossil fuels 556 556

06: Solvent and other product use 425 425

07: Road transport 15 354 22 176

08: Other mobile sources and machinery 7 369 33 227

09: Waste treatment and disposal 97 97

10: Agriculture 12 100 59 627

Sum 75 504 155 713

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Austria - trends

0

20 000

40 000

60 000

80 000

1990

1995

2000

2005

1990

1995

2000

2005

1990

1995

2000

2005

TSP PM10 PM2.5

10 Agriculture

09 Waste

08 Other mobile sources and machinary

07 Road transport

06 Solvent and other product use

05 Extraction and distribution of fossil fuels

04 Production processes

03 Combustion in manufacturing industry

02 Non-industrial combustion plants

01 Combustion in energy and transformation industry

tons

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Austria - comparison

0

20 000

40 000

60 000

80 000

100 000

this

work

OLI

WW

200

1

GAINS

this

work

OLI

WW

200

1

GAINS

this

work

OLI

WW

200

1

GAINS

TSP PM10 PM2.5

10 Agriculture

09 Waste

08 Other mobile sources and machinary

07 Road transport

06 Solvent and other product use

05 Extraction and distribution of fossil fuels

04 Production processes

03 Combustion in manufacturing industry

02 Non-industrial combustion plants

01 Combustion in energy and transformation industry

tons

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Compared to source apportionment

%

Wien

Graz

Salzbu

rg

Inve

ntor

y

secondary

11 wind Rest

11 PBAP Carbonate

10 Silicate

09 NaCl

08 Sulfate

07 Nitrate

06 Ammonium

05 plant debris

04 HULIS

03 Wood smoke

02 Transport susp.

01 Transport exhaust

100

0

50

H.

Bau

er,

H.

Pux

baum

, T

U W

ien

SN

AP

Co

de

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Situation in Europe

Some national activities are in place

Combustion emissionen well covered (relatively to fugitive) – still far from satisfactory

Certain sectors receive more attention: transport, stack-based industrial emissions

Priorities for future work: agriculture, construction, quarries

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