Unit 6 Test Review

Industrialization & Urbanization

Name of each model?

• A – Concentric Zone – Burgess• B – Sector Model – Hoyt• C – Multiple Nuclei – Ullman & Harris

What theory?

• It is shown to be a widely dispersed, multi-centered metropolis consisting of increasingly independent zones, each focused on its own suburban downtown; the only exception is the shrunken central area, which is focused on the Central Business District (CBD).

Urban Realms

• Muller & Hartshorn

What model? What does read represent? Yellow?

Walter Christaller’s Central Place Theory

• City – specialized goods• Hamlet or Village – common goods

Industrialized zone from Britain, through Eurasia, to Japan is called

what?

Urban Banana

In Burgess & Hoyt models, what are the areas?

• 1 – CBD• 2 – Factories/Industry• 3 – Working Class Housing• 4 – Middle Class Housing• 5 – Commuter Zone / High Class Housing

How is Hoyt’s model different from Burgess?

Areas develop in multiple zones; “other side of the tracks” is seen

How is CBD the same for Burgess and Hoyt?

Both in center

How is CBD different in Ullman & Harris model?

Not as centralized, and creation of edge cities make it less important

Can you label the model?

Parts of Multiple Nuclei Model

12

3

3

3

6

98

74 5

1 – CBD 2 – Wholesale/Light Manuf.3 – Low income housing4 – Medium income housing5 – High income housing6 – Heavy manufacturing7 – Outerlying BD (EDGE city)8 – Residential suburb9 – Industrial suburb

Name of Harold Hotelling model, and what was he analyzing?

Variable Revenue Analysis

• Locational Interdependence

3 Things that led to suburbanization?

• Increased service jobs & standard of living• Affordable cars• Interstate Highway System

______ is to Borchert’s 2nd stage as _____ is to the added 5th stage.

Borchert’s Epoch Period – Communication & Transportation• 1st – Sail-wagon – low technology• 2nd – Iron Horse – steam-powered locomotive;

spreading rails • 3rd – Steel – Rail – full impact of trains• 4th – Auto-Air-Amenity – gasw pwered engine• 5th – High Technology – expansion of service &

information industries (telecommuting / Skype)

Transportation and Proximity to market are what type of factors?

Situational Factors

• Situation to market

Factors that are concerned with cost of production – labor, factory,

capital, land, etc?

Site Factors

Less crime is benefit of gentrification or suburbanization?

Suburbanization

• More people – more crime – always

Benefits of Suburbanization?

• Less Crime• Better Education• More Space (land/yards)• Less Traffic

Benefits of Gentrification?

• City Life (amenities)• Heterogeneous (diverse) population• Cheaper Houses• Unique Architecture• Closer to work – no/less commute

Benefits of SEZs, FTZs, and EPZs?

• Less regulatory laws (ex. Labor laws)• Subsidized rents• No/Low tax zones• Few environmental laws• Paid for infrastructure (factories already built)

___is to Christaller as ___ is to Weber

• Christaller – Central Place Theory

• Weber – Least Cost Theory

3 Factors of Weber’s Theory

• Minimize Labor costs• Minimize Transportation costs• Maximize Economies of Agglomeration

What urban model has a “spine” down the middle?

Latin American Urban Model

Name of Latin American Model?

Griffin – Ford Model

What do European urban areas and the Latin American model

have in common?

• High class homes surround CBD, unlike in U.S. where affluent homes are in the suburbs

Test Prep Advice

• This was just a sampling of topics – make sure you also know allall parts of your Study Guide that we went over in class (1-66) and study the notes online for additional help.