unit 1 intro to chemistry chapter 1
DESCRIPTION
AP Chemistry Power PointTRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Unit 1 Intro to chemistry chapter 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081413/546a744caf79597f788b6023/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Introduction to AP Chemistry
Unit 1 Chapter 1
1
![Page 2: Unit 1 Intro to chemistry chapter 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081413/546a744caf79597f788b6023/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Overview of the Course Expectations Summary of each of the units Need to have Binders Formative and Summative Assessment Quiz tomorrow on Tables 2.3, 2.4, and
2.5
2
![Page 3: Unit 1 Intro to chemistry chapter 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081413/546a744caf79597f788b6023/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
1.1 Chemistry It deals with the essential question –
“What is matter made of?”
3
![Page 4: Unit 1 Intro to chemistry chapter 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081413/546a744caf79597f788b6023/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Need to study matter at three levels Macroscopic Level Microscopic Level Symbolic Level
4
![Page 5: Unit 1 Intro to chemistry chapter 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081413/546a744caf79597f788b6023/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
The surface of a grain of salt
5
![Page 6: Unit 1 Intro to chemistry chapter 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081413/546a744caf79597f788b6023/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
An Oxygen Atom
6
![Page 7: Unit 1 Intro to chemistry chapter 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081413/546a744caf79597f788b6023/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Sand Grains made up of atoms
7
![Page 8: Unit 1 Intro to chemistry chapter 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081413/546a744caf79597f788b6023/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Two Key Concepts Matter is made of various kinds of atoms Chemical changes occur when atoms
rearrange
8
![Page 9: Unit 1 Intro to chemistry chapter 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081413/546a744caf79597f788b6023/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
1.2 Scientific Process Observation
Ex. Pb(NO3)2 + NaI Quantitative Qualitative
Hypothesis- possible explanation for observation
Model/Theory- tested hypothesis; gives explanation to natural phenomenon.
Law- Observed behavior; summary of what happens Law of conservation of mass
9
![Page 10: Unit 1 Intro to chemistry chapter 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081413/546a744caf79597f788b6023/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
The Scientific Method
10
![Page 11: Unit 1 Intro to chemistry chapter 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081413/546a744caf79597f788b6023/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Lab Report Title/ name/ date Purpose: Procedure
Important steps Observations
Tables and graphs Conclusions
Guided by questions Explanation of error
11
![Page 12: Unit 1 Intro to chemistry chapter 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081413/546a744caf79597f788b6023/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
1.3 Units of Measurement SI Unit System (Le Systeme
International)
12
![Page 13: Unit 1 Intro to chemistry chapter 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081413/546a744caf79597f788b6023/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
The Prefixes in the SI System
13
![Page 14: Unit 1 Intro to chemistry chapter 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081413/546a744caf79597f788b6023/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Volume – a derived unit
14
![Page 15: Unit 1 Intro to chemistry chapter 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081413/546a744caf79597f788b6023/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Apparatus to measure volume
15
![Page 16: Unit 1 Intro to chemistry chapter 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081413/546a744caf79597f788b6023/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
1.4 Uncertainty in Measurement
16
![Page 17: Unit 1 Intro to chemistry chapter 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081413/546a744caf79597f788b6023/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Precision and Accuracy
17
![Page 18: Unit 1 Intro to chemistry chapter 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081413/546a744caf79597f788b6023/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
1.5 Rules for Significant Figures Non zero integers always countZeros – there are three classes Leading Zeros – these do not count Captive Zeros – these always count Trailing Zeros – They are only significant if the
number has a decimal point.Exact Numbers These do not limit the number of significant
figures
18
![Page 19: Unit 1 Intro to chemistry chapter 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081413/546a744caf79597f788b6023/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Rules for Mathematical Operations For multiplication and division the
number of significant figures is the same as the least precise number
For addition and subtraction the result has the same number of decimal places as the least precise measurement.
19
![Page 20: Unit 1 Intro to chemistry chapter 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081413/546a744caf79597f788b6023/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Rules for Rounding In a series of calculations carry the extra
digits through to the final result, then round
If the digit is to be removed is less that 5 the preceding digit remains the same.
If the digit is equal to or greater than 5 the preceding digit is increased by one.
20
![Page 21: Unit 1 Intro to chemistry chapter 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081413/546a744caf79597f788b6023/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Round the following to 3 significant figures
21
![Page 22: Unit 1 Intro to chemistry chapter 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081413/546a744caf79597f788b6023/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
1.6 Dimensional Analysis Line the various numbers up with their
units and cancel out units. If the unit of the final answer is correct then you mathematical answer should be correct.
22
![Page 23: Unit 1 Intro to chemistry chapter 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081413/546a744caf79597f788b6023/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
1.7 Temperature
23
![Page 24: Unit 1 Intro to chemistry chapter 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081413/546a744caf79597f788b6023/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
1.8 Density – mass per unit volume
24
![Page 25: Unit 1 Intro to chemistry chapter 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081413/546a744caf79597f788b6023/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
1.9 States of Matter Solid Liquid Gas
25
![Page 26: Unit 1 Intro to chemistry chapter 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081413/546a744caf79597f788b6023/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Three states of Water
26
![Page 27: Unit 1 Intro to chemistry chapter 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081413/546a744caf79597f788b6023/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Organization of Matter
27
![Page 28: Unit 1 Intro to chemistry chapter 1](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022081413/546a744caf79597f788b6023/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Separation of Mixtures by Physical Means
28