tutorial: introduction to transient analysis using digsilent powerfactory

Dr. Francisco M. Gonzalez-Longatt, [email protected] .Copyright © 2009 1/21

All

right

s re

serv

ed. N

o pa

rt of

this

pub

licat

ion

may

be

repr

oduc

ed o

r dis

tribu

ted

in a

ny fo

rm w

ithou

t per

mis

sion

of t

he a

utho

r. C

opyr

ight

© 2

009.

http

:ww

w.fg

long

att.o

rg.v

e

Francisco M. Gonzalez-Longatt, Dr.ScManchester, UK, September, 2009

Tutorial:Introduction to TransientAnalysis with PowerFactory


All

right

s re

serv

ed. N

o pa

rt of

this

pub

licat

ion

may

be

repr

oduc

ed o

r dis

tribu

ted

in a

ny fo

rm w

ithou

t per

mis

sion

of t

he a

utho

r. C

opyr

ight

© 2

009.

http

:ww

w.fg

long

att.o

rg.v

e

This tutorial is a simple introduction to transient simulationwith PowerFactory

Tutorial:Introduction to TransientAnalysis in PowerFactory

Francisco M. Gonzalez-Longatt, [email protected]

Manchester, September 2009


All

right

s re

serv

ed. N

o pa

rt of

this

pub

licat

ion

may

be

repr

oduc

ed o

r dis

tribu

ted

in a

ny fo

rm w

ithou

t per

mis

sion

of t

he a

utho

r. C

opyr

ight

© 2

009.

http

:ww

w.fg

long

att.o

rg.v

e

1. IntroductionIntroduction to Transient Phenomenon and

Modeling


All

right

s re

serv

ed. N

o pa

rt of

this

pub

licat

ion

may

be

repr

oduc

ed o

r dis

tribu

ted

in a

ny fo

rm w

ithou

t per

mis

sion

of t

he a

utho

r. C

opyr

ight

© 2

009.

http

:ww

w.fg

long

att.o

rg.v

e

1. Introduction• Power system stability may be broadly defined as that

property of a power system that enables it to remain in astate of operating equilibrium under normal operatingconditions ad to regain an acceptable state of equilibriumafter being subjected to a disturbance [1].

• The robustness of a system is defined by the ability ofthe system to maintain stable operation under normaland perturbed conditions [2].

[1] P. Kundur, Power System Stability and Control. New York: McGraw- Hill, 1994.[2] PowerFactory User’s Manual DIgSILENT PowerFactory Version 14.0. DIgSILENT GmbH, Gomaringen, Germany 2008


All

right

s re

serv

ed. N

o pa

rt of

this

pub

licat

ion

may

be

repr

oduc

ed o

r dis

tribu

ted

in a

ny fo

rm w

ithou

t per

mis

sion

of t

he a

utho

r. C

opyr

ight

© 2

009.

http

:ww

w.fg

long

att.o

rg.v

e

1. Introduction• Dynamic process in electrical power system can be

characterized by various areas of consideration and theircharacteristic time scales or frequency bands.


All

right

s re

serv

ed. N

o pa

rt of

this

pub

licat

ion

may

be

repr

oduc

ed o

r dis

tribu

ted

in a

ny fo

rm w

ithou

t per

mis

sion

of t

he a

utho

r. C

opyr

ight

© 2

009.

http

:ww

w.fg

long

att.o

rg.v

e

1. Introduction• In general way, the transients in electrical power

systems are classified according to three possibletimeframes:– Short-term, or electromagnetic transients;– Mid-term, or electromechanical transients;– Long-term transients.

Short Mid Long


All

right

s re

serv

ed. N

o pa

rt of

this

pub

licat

ion

may

be

repr

oduc

ed o

r dis

tribu

ted

in a

ny fo

rm w

ithou

t per

mis

sion

of t

he a

utho

r. C

opyr

ight

© 2

009.

http

:ww

w.fg

long

att.o

rg.v

e

1. IntroductionClassification of Power System Stability [1]

Power System Stability

Angle Stability Voltage Stability

Transient Stability

Mid-termStability

Long-termStability

Large Disturbance

Voltage Stability

Small-SignalStability

Non-oscillatoryInstability

OscillatoryInstability

Small-Disturbance

Voltage Stability

• Ability to remain in operating equilibrium • Equilibrium between opposing forces

• Ability to maintain synchronism • Torque balance of synchronous

machines

• Ability to maintain steady acceptable voltage

• Reactive power balance

[1] P. Kundur, Power System Stability and Control. New York: McGraw- Hill, 1994.RECOMMENDED READ: P. Kundur, J. Paserba, V. Ajjarapu, G. Andersson, A. Bose, C. Canizares, N. Hatziargyriou, D. Hill, A.M. Stanković, C. Taylor, T. Van Cutsem, V. Vittal, "Definition and classification of power system stability IEEE/CIGRE joint task force on stability terms and definitions", IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, Vol. 19 , No. 3 , pp.1387 - 1401, Aug. 2004


All

right

s re

serv

ed. N

o pa

rt of

this

pub

licat

ion

may

be

repr

oduc

ed o

r dis

tribu

ted

in a

ny fo

rm w

ithou

t per

mis

sion

of t

he a

utho

r. C

opyr

ight

© 2

009.

http

:ww

w.fg

long

att.o

rg.v

e

1. Introduction• PowerFactory allow the transient analysis in electrical

power systems according to three possible timeframes:– Short-term, or electromagnetic transients;– Mid-term, or electromechanical transients;– Long-term transients.

Long-termTransient

Short-termTransient

Mid-termTransient

Time

Electromagnetic transients

Electromechanicaltransients


All

right

s re

serv

ed. N

o pa

rt of

this

pub

licat

ion

may

be

repr

oduc

ed o

r dis

tribu

ted

in a

ny fo

rm w

ithou

t per

mis

sion

of t

he a

utho

r. C

opyr

ight

© 2

009.

http

:ww

w.fg

long

att.o

rg.v

e

1. Introduction• PowerFactory is capable to do simulations in these

three different time bands because its modeling andalgorithm of solutions.

Long-termTransient

Short-termTransient

Mid-termTransient

Electromagnetic transients

Electromechanicaltransients

≈ µ sec frequency range of 0.1 Hz to 10 Hz, or with typical time constants between 10 s and 100 ms (50 Hz)

≈ hours to days


All

right

s re

serv

ed. N

o pa

rt of

this

pub

licat

ion

may

be

repr

oduc

ed o

r dis

tribu

ted

in a

ny fo

rm w

ithou

t per

mis

sion

of t

he a

utho

r. C

opyr

ight

© 2

009.

http

:ww

w.fg

long

att.o

rg.v

e

1. Introduction• PowerFactory can analyse the complete range of

transient phenomena in electrical power systems.• Three different simulation functions available:

1. Symmetrical steady-state (RMS) network model,2. Three-phase for steady-state (RMS) network

model,3. Electromagnetic transient (EMT) simulation

function using a dynamic network model.


All

right

s re

serv

ed. N

o pa

rt of

this

pub

licat

ion

may

be

repr

oduc

ed o

r dis

tribu

ted

in a

ny fo

rm w

ithou

t per

mis

sion

of t

he a

utho

r. C

opyr

ight

© 2

009.

http

:ww

w.fg

long

att.o

rg.v

e

1.1. Balanced RMS Simulation • A basic function which uses a symmetrical steady-state

(RMS) network model for mid-term and long-termtransients under balanced network conditions;

Machine equations in d & q

components (Rotor flux diff. eqs. Inertia

swing eqs.

Efd

Pm

Inverse d, q, 0 transf.

d, q, 0 transf.

id

iq

Network Z, Y elements at rated

freq. (ω0) pos. seq.

ea1(jω0)

Phasor(pos. seq)

ψd = eq

ψq = ed

θ

ia1(jω0)

Phasor(pos. seq)


All

right

s re

serv

ed. N

o pa

rt of

this

pub

licat

ion

may

be

repr

oduc

ed o

r dis

tribu

ted

in a

ny fo

rm w

ithou

t per

mis

sion

of t

he a

utho

r. C

opyr

ight

© 2

009.

http

:ww

w.fg

long

att.o

rg.v

e

1.2. Three-Phase RMS Simulation • A three-phase function which uses a steady-state (RMS)

network model for mid-term and long-term transientsunder balanced and unbalanced network conditions, i.e.for analyzing dynamic behaviour after unsymmetricalfaults;

Machine equations in d & q

components (Rotor flux diff. eqs. Inertia

swing eqs.

Efd

Pm

Inverse d, q, 0 transf.

d, q, 0 transf.

id

iq

Network Z, Y elements at rated freq. (ω0) +Ve, -Ve

And 0 seq.

ea1(jω0)

Phasor(pos. seq)

ψd = eq

ψq = ed

θ

ia1(jω0)

Phasor(pos. seq)


All

right

s re

serv

ed. N

o pa

rt of

this

pub

licat

ion

may

be

repr

oduc

ed o

r dis

tribu

ted

in a

ny fo

rm w

ithou

t per

mis

sion

of t

he a

utho

r. C

opyr

ight

© 2

009.

http

:ww

w.fg

long

att.o

rg.v

e

1.3 Three-Phase EMT Simulation • An electromagnetic transient (EMT) simulation function

using a dynamic network model for electromagnetic andelectromechanical transients under balanced andunbalanced network conditions.

• This function is particularly suited to the analysis ofshort-term transients.

va(t)

vc(t)vb(t)

Ra La

Rb Lb

Rc Lc

Ca

Cb Cc


All

right

s re

serv

ed. N

o pa

rt of

this

pub

licat

ion

may

be

repr

oduc

ed o

r dis

tribu

ted

in a

ny fo

rm w

ithou

t per

mis

sion

of t

he a

utho

r. C

opyr

ight

© 2

009.

http

:ww

w.fg

long

att.o

rg.v

e

2. Transient Simulation


All

right

s re

serv

ed. N

o pa

rt of

this

pub

licat

ion

may

be

repr

oduc

ed o

r dis

tribu

ted

in a

ny fo

rm w

ithou

t per

mis

sion

of t

he a

utho

r. C

opyr

ight

© 2

009.

http

:ww

w.fg

long

att.o

rg.v

e

2. Transient simulation• The process of performing a transient simulation typically

involves the following steps: Calculation of initial values

Definition of results variables

Definition of events

Definition of output graphs

Execution of simulation

Creating additional results graphs

Iterative calculations, settings

Printing resuts

Calculation of initial values, this include a load flow calculation and all state

variable calculation


All

right

s re

serv

ed. N

o pa

rt of

this

pub

licat

ion

may

be

repr

oduc

ed o

r dis

tribu

ted

in a

ny fo

rm w

ithou

t per

mis

sion

of t

he a

utho

r. C

opyr

ight

© 2

009.

http

:ww

w.fg

long

att.o

rg.v

e

3. Balanced RMS Simulation


All

right

s re

serv

ed. N

o pa

rt of

this

pub

licat

ion

may

be

repr

oduc

ed o

r dis

tribu

ted

in a

ny fo

rm w

ithou

t per

mis

sion

of t

he a

utho

r. C

opyr

ight

© 2

009.

http

:ww

w.fg

long

att.o

rg.v

e

3. Balanced RMS Simulation • The balanced RMS simulation function are based in the

following conditions:– Considers dynamics of electromechanical, control

and thermal devices.– It uses a symmetrical, steady-state representation

of the passive electrical network.– Only the fundamental components of voltages and

currents are taken into account.


All

right

s re

serv

ed. N

o pa

rt of

this

pub

licat

ion

may

be

repr

oduc

ed o

r dis

tribu

ted

in a

ny fo

rm w

ithou

t per

mis

sion

of t

he a

utho

r. C

opyr

ight

© 2

009.

http

:ww

w.fg

long

att.o

rg.v

e

3. Balanced RMS Simulations• PowerFactory allow the following studies:

• PowerFactory allow various events that can beincluded in the simulation.

• REMARK: the basic simulation function allows theinsertion of symmetrical faults only due to thesymmetrical network representation.

Transient stability

Mid-term stability

Oscilatory stability

Motor start-up

Studies

e.g. determination of critical fault clearing times

e.g. optimization of spinning reserve and load shedding

e.g. optimization of control device to improve system damping

e.g. determination of start-up times and voltage drops


All

right

s re

serv

ed. N

o pa

rt of

this

pub

licat

ion

may

be

repr

oduc

ed o

r dis

tribu

ted

in a

ny fo

rm w

ithou

t per

mis

sion

of t

he a

utho

r. C

opyr

ight

© 2

009.

http

:ww

w.fg

long

att.o

rg.v

e

4. Recommended Readings


All

right

s re

serv

ed. N

o pa

rt of

this

pub

licat

ion

may

be

repr

oduc

ed o

r dis

tribu

ted

in a

ny fo

rm w

ithou

t per

mis

sion

of t

he a

utho

r. C

opyr

ight

© 2

009.

http

:ww

w.fg

long

att.o

rg.v

e

4. Recommended readings• P. Kundur, J. Paserba, V. Ajjarapu, G. Andersson, A.

Bose, C. Canizares, N. Hatziargyriou, D. Hill, A.M.Stanković, C. Taylor, T. Van Cutsem, V. Vittal, "Definitionand classification of power system stability IEEE/CIGREjoint task force on stability terms and definitions", IEEETransactions on Power Systems, Vol. 19 , No. 3,pp.1387 – 1401.

• F.P. deMello, “Power System Dynamic Overview”Proceedings of the Symposium on Adequacy andPhilosophy of Modeling Dynamic System Performance,1975 IEEE Publication 75CH0970-4-PWR (808 kB)


All

right

s re

serv

ed. N

o pa

rt of

this

pub

licat

ion

may

be

repr

oduc

ed o

r dis

tribu

ted

in a

ny fo

rm w

ithou

t per

mis

sion

of t

he a

utho

r. C

opyr

ight

© 2

009.

http

:ww

w.fg

long

att.o

rg.v

e

4. Recommended readings• F.P. deMello. “Process Dynamics in Electric Utility

Systems”. ISA Paper 505-70, International ConferenceExhibit of ISA, October 26-29, 1970, Philadelphia, Pa.


All

right

s re

serv

ed. N

o pa

rt of

this

pub

licat

ion

may

be

repr

oduc

ed o

r dis

tribu

ted

in a

ny fo

rm w

ithou

t per

mis

sion

of t

he a

utho

r. C

opyr

ight

© 2

009.

http

:ww

w.fg

long

att.o

rg.v

e

Please visit:http://www.fglongatt.org.ve

Comments and suggestion are welcome:[email protected]

tutorial: introduction to transient analysis using digsilent powerfactory

Engineering

introduction introduction

powerfactory francisco

simple introduction

powerfactory tutorial

introduction dynamic

transient analysis

electrical power systems

transient simulation