tre manual modified

8/10/2019 Tre Manual Modified

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TRANSPORTATION ENGINEERING

EXPERIMENT NO.-

IMPACT VALUE TEST

DATE :- __________

Reference: - IS: 2386, Part IV-1963


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Exper!ent "#$ 1

%ETERMI"ATI&" &' A((RE(ATE IMPACT VALUEReference: - IS: 2386, Part IV-1963

%ate:-))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))

1$ &*+ecte

(i) To determine the impact va!e o" the road a##re#ate$%

(ii) To a$$e$$ their $!ita&iit' in road con$tr!ction on the &a$i$ o" impact va!e.

2$ C#ncept an. S/nfcance

The propert' o" a materia to re$i$t impact i$ non a$ to!#hne$$. D!e to movemento" vehice$ on the road the a##re#ate$ are $!&*ected to impact re$!tin# in their&reain# don into $maer piece$. The a##re#ate$ $ho!d there"ore have $!""icientto!#hne$$ to re$i$t their di$inte#ration d!e to impact. Thi$ characteri$tic i$ mea$!red &'impact va!e te$t. The a##re#ate impact va!e i$ a mea$!re o" re$i$tance to $!ddenimpact or $hoc+ hich ma' di""er "rom it$ re$i$tance to #rad!a' appied compre$$iveoad.

3$ Apparat0

The apparat!$ o" the a##re#ate impact va!e te$t a$ per I,: /0 (Part I1) -230

con$i$t$ o":

(i) A te$tin# machine ei#hin# 45 to 06 7# and havin# a meta &a$e ith a paneoer $!r"ace o" not e$$ than 6 cm in diameter. It i$ $!pported on eve and paneconcrete "oor o" minim!m 45 cm thicne$$. The machine $ho!d a$o have provi$ion$"or "i8in# it$ &a$e.

(ii) A c'indrica $tee c!p o" interna diameter 26 mm+ depth 56 mm and minim!mthicne$$ 0. mm.

(iii) A meta hammer ei#hin# 2.5 to 24.6 7# the oer end i$ c'indrica in $hape i$

56 mm on#+ 266.6 mm in diameter+ ith a mm cham"er at the oer ed#e and ca$ehardened. The hammer $ho!d $ide "ree' &eteen vertica #!ide$ and &e concentricith the c!p. The "ree "a o" the hammer $ho!d &e ithin /6 9 5 mm.

(iv) A c'indrica meta mea$!re havin# interna diameter o" 5 mm and depth 56 mm"or mea$!rin# a##re#ate$.

(v) Tampin# rod 26 mm in diameter and 6 mm on#+ ro!nded at one end.

(vi) A &aance o" capacit' not e$$ than 566 #+ reada&e and acc!rate !p to 6.2 #


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$ Pr#ce.0re

The te$t $ampe: It con$i$t$ o" a##re#ate$ $i;ed 26.6 mm to 2.5 mm .The a##re#ate$$ho!d &e dried &' heatin# at 266-226< =. "or a period o" 4 ho!r$ and cooed.

(i) ,ieve the materia thro!#h 2.5 mm and 26.66 mm $ieve$. The a##re#ate$ pa$$in#thro!#h 2.5 mm $ieve and retained on 26.6 mm $ieve compri$e$ the te$t materia.

(ii) Po!r the a##re#ate$ to "i a&o!t *!$t >rd depth o" mea$!rin# c'inder+

(iii) =ompact the materia &' #ivin# 5 #ente &o$ ith the ro!nded end o" the tampin#rod.

(iv) Add to more a'er$ in $imiar manner+ $o that c'inder i$ "!. (v) ,trie o"" the$!rp!$ a##re#ate$.

(vi) Determine the net ei#ht o" the a##re#ate$ to the neare$t #ram (? @).

(vii) rin# the impact machine to re$t itho!t ed#in# or pacin# !pon the eve pate+&oc or "oor+ $o that it i$ ri#id and the hammer #!ide co!mn$ are vertica+ (viii) Bi8 thec!p "irm' in po$ition on the &a$e o" machine and pace hoe o" the te$t $ampe in itand compact &' #ivin# 5 #ente $troe$ ith tampin# rod.

(i8) Rai$e the hammer !nti it$ oer "ace i$ /6 mm a&ove the $!r"ace o" thea##re#ate $ampe in the c!p and ao it to "a "ree' on the a##re#ate $ampe. Cive25 $!ch &o$ at an interva o" not e$$ than one $econd &eteen $!cce$$ive "a$.

(x) Remove the cr!$hed a##re#ate "rom the c!p and $ieve it thro!#h .0 mm I,$ieve$ !nti no "!rther $i#ni"icant amo!nt pa$$e$ in one min!te. ?ei#h the "ractionpa$$in# the $ieve to an acc!rac' o" I #m (?). A$o ei#h the "raction retained in the$ieve.(xi) Note don the o&$ervation$ in the pro"orma and comp!te the a##re#ate impact

va!e. The mean o" to o&$ervation$+ ro!nded to neare$t hoe n!m&er i$ reported a$the Aggregate Impact Value.'

$ Preca0t#n

(i) Pace the p!n#er centra'+ $o that it "a$ direct' on the a##re#ate $ampe anddoe$ not to!ch the a$ o" the c'inder in order to en$!re that the entire oad i$tran$mitted on to the a##re#ate$.

(ii) In the operation o" $ievin# the a##re#ate$ thro!#h .0 mm $ieve the $!m o"ei#ht$ o" "raction$ retained and pa$$in# the $ieve $ho!d not di""er "rom the ori#inaei#ht o" the $pecimen &' more than 2 #m.

(iii) The tampin# i$ to &e done proper' &' #ent' droppin# the tampin# rod and not &'hammerin# action. A$o the tampin# $ho!d &e !ni"orm over the $!r"ace o" thea##re#ate tain# care that the tampin# rod doe$ not "re!ent' $trie a#ain$t the a$

o" the mo!d.


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6$ Rec#r. #f #*erat#n

,r.No.

O&$ervation$ ,ampe-I ,ampe-II ,ampe-III

2.

Tota ei#ht o" dr' $ampe taenF

?2#m

.?ei#ht o" portion pa$$in# .0 mm.

$ieve F ?#m

.A##re#ate impact va!e

F (?28 266) > ?2 G

4.A##re#ate Impact Mean 1a!e F

$ Ca4c04at#n 5 Re04t:

8$ Interpretat#n #f Re04t

A##re#ate impact va!e i$ !$ed to ca$$i"' the $tone$ in re$pect o" their to!#hne$$propert' a$ indicated &eo:

Sr$ "#. A//re/ate I!pact Va40e C4afcat#n

2.

.

.

4.

H26G

26-6G

26-6 G

5G

E8ceptiona' $tron#

,tron#

,ati$"actor' "or road $!r"acin#

?ea "or road $!r"acin#

The Indian Road =on#re$$ ha$ recommended the "ooin# va!e$ "or di""erent t'pe$o" road con$tr!ction.


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,r. No. T'pe o" pavementMa8im!m a##re#ateimpact va!e %

2.it!mino!$ $!r"ace dre$$in# penetrationmacadam+ &it!mino!$ carpet concrete andcement concrete earin# co!r$e

6

. it!men-&o!nd-macadam+ &a$e co!r$e 5. ?M &a$e co!r$e ith &it!men $!r"acin# 46

4. =ement concrete &a$e co!r$e 45

8$C&"CLUSI&"__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

A/n!ent

Jo i$ a##re#ate impact e8pre$$edK

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

?hat are the de$ira&e imit$ o" a##re#ate impact va!e $peci"' "or di""erent t'pe o"

pavement $!r"ace$K

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

A##re#ate impact va!e materia A i$ 6 and that o" materia i$ 45.?hich one i$

&etter "or $!r"ace co!r$eK

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

?hat do 'o! !nder$tand &' dr' and et impact va!eK

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

,tate the IR=>I, re"erence$ "or the A.I.1 te$tK______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________


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EXPERIMENT NO.-

L&S A"(ELES ARASI&" VALUE TEST

DATE :- __________

Reference: - IS: 2386, PART IV -1963


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Exper!ent "#$ 2

%ETERMI"ATI&" &' L&S A"(ELES ARASI&" VALUEReference: - IS: 2386, PART IV -1963

%ate:-)))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))

1$ &*+ecte

(i) To determine the Lo$ An#ee$ a&ra$ion va!e

(ii) To "ind o!t the $!ita&iit' o" a##re#ate$ "or it$ !$ed in road con$tr!ction.

2$ C#ncept an. S/nfcanceThe a##re#ate !$ed in $!r"ace co!r$e o" the hi#ha' pavement$ are $!&*ected to

earin# d!e to movement o" tra""ic. ?hen vehice$ move on the road+ the $oi partice$pre$ent &eteen the pne!matic tire$ and road $!r"ace$ ca!$e$ a&ra$ion o" roada##re#ate$. The $tee reamed hee$ and anima driven vehice$ a$o ca!$econ$idera&e a&ra$ion o" the road $!r"ace. There"ore+ (he road a##re#ate$ $ho!d &ehard eno!#h to re$i$t the a&ra$ion. Re$i$tance to a&ra$ion o" a##re#ate i$ determined ina&orator' &' Lo$-An#ee$ te$t machine.

The principe o" Lo$ An#ee$ a&ra$ion te$t i$ to prod!ce the a&ra$ive action &' !$e o"$tandard $tee &a$ hich hen mi8ed ith the a##re#ate$ and rotated in a dr!m "or$peci"ic n!m&er o" revo!tion$ a$o ca!$e impact on a##re#ate$. The percenta#e earo" the a##re#ate$ d!e to r!&&in# ith $tee &a$ in determined and i$ non a$ Lo$

An#ee$ A&ra$ion 1a!e.

3$ Apparat0The apparat!$ a$ per I, /0 (Part I1) -230 con$i$t$ o":

(i) Lo$ An#ee$ Machine:It con$i$t$ o" a hoo $tee c'inder+ co$ed at &oth the end$ith an interna diameter o" 66 mm and en#th 566 mm ($ee "i# .2) and capa&e o"rotatin# a&o!t it$ hori;onta a8i$. A remova&e cover "or introd!cin# $ampe i$provided hich hen camped i$ d!$t ti#ht. A remova&e $tee $ha"t pro*ectin# radia'// mm into c'inder and e8tendin# "! en#th (i. e. 566 mm) i$ mo!nted "irm' on theinterior o" c'inder. The $he" i$ paced at a di$tance 256 mm minim!m "rom the

openin# in the direction o" rotation.

(ii) A&ra$ive char#e: =a$t iron or $tee &a$+ appro8imate' 4/ mm in diameter andeach ei#hin# &eteen 36 to 445 #% $i8 to teve &a$ are re!ired.

(iii) ,ieve: The 2.6 mm I, ,ieve (iv) aance o" capacit' 5 #. or 26 #.

(v) Dr'in# oven

(vi) Mi$ceaneo!$ ie tra' etc.


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$ Pr#ce.0re

Test Sample: It con$i$t$ o" cean a##re#ate$ dried in oven at 265


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9. ,eparate the $tee &a$ and $ieve the materia on 2.6 mm I, $ieve.26. ?a$h the materia coar$er than 2.6 mm $i;e.

10. Dr' it in the oven to a con$tant ei#ht and ei#h to an acc!rac' o" 2 #.11. =ac!ate the percenta#e o" o$$ o" materia.12. Tae another $ampe and repeat the e8periment. Bind the mean o" to va!e$ and

report it a$ Lo$ An#ee$ A&ra$ion 1a!e.

$ Preca0t#n

1. The cover $ho!d &e "i8ed ti#ht' &e"ore rotatin# the machine.

2. A materia $ho!d &e di$char#ed "rom me c'inder a"ter the cond!ct o" te$t.

6$ Rec#r. #f &*erat#n

,r. No. Cradin# $eected ,ampe 2 ,ampe ,ampe

2. Ori#ina ei#ht o" the $ampe

F (?2)

. ?ei#ht o" a##re#ate$ retainedon 2.6 mm I, $ieve F (?)

. Lo$$ o" ei#ht F (?2- ?)

4. Percenta#e ear

F ((?2- ?) > ?2)8266

Lo$$ An#ee$ A&ra$ion 1a!e F


Re04t:

Lo$ An#ee$ a&ra$ion va!e F ..


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8 Interpretat#n #f Re04t

Lo$ An#ee$ a&ra$ion te$t i$ common' !$ed to eva!ate the hardne$$ o" thea##re#ate$. The te$t ha$ more accepta&iit' &eca!$e the re$i$tance to a&ra$ion andimpact i$ determined $im!taneo!$'. Dependin# !pon the n!merica va!e+ the

$!ita&iit' o" a##re#ate$ "or di""erent road con$tr!ction$ can &e *!d#ed a$ per IndianRoad =on#re$$ $peci"ication$ #iven &eo:

Sr$ "#$ Tpe #f pae!ent 4aer Max$ per!*4e

a*ra#n a40e n

2. ?ater o!nd Macadam+ $!& ca$e co!r$e 06

. ?M &a$e co!r$e ith &it!mino!$ $!r"acin# 56

. it!mino!$ o!nd Macadam 56

4. ?M $!r"acin# co!r$e 46

5. it!mino!$ penetration Macadam 46

0. it!mino!$ $!r"ace dre$$in#+ cement concrete

$!r"ace co!r$e 5

. it!mino!$ concrete $!r"ace co!r$e 6

9$ C#nc40#n:

A$ per I.R.=. $peci"ication$+ the #iven $ampe can>cannot &e !$ed "or

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

17$ App4cat#n:

Lo$ An#ee$ A&ra$ion Te$t i$ ver' ide' accepted a$ a $!ita&e te$t to a$$e$$the hardne$$ o" a##re#ate$ !$ed in pavement con$tr!ction. Man' a#encie$ have$peci"ied the de$ira&e imit o" the te$t+ "or the di""erent method o" pavementcon$tr!ction.

A/n!ent


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?h' i$ Lo$ An#ee$ A&ra$ion Te$t con$idered $!perior to other te$t to "ind hardne$$o" a##re#ateK_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

Jo Lo$ An#ee$ va!e i$ e8pre$$edK____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

The a&ra$ion va!e "o!nd "rom Lo$ An#ee$ A&ra$ion Te$t "or the a##re#ate A and are 5 and 25 re$pective'. ?hich a##re#ate i$ harderK ?h'K Bor hat t'pe o"con$tr!ction it i$ nece$$ar'K

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

?hat are the de$ira&e imit$ o" Lo$ An#ee$ A&ra$ion va!e$ $peci"ied "or di""erent

t'pe$ o" pavement $!r"acin#K

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

,tate the IR=>I, re"erence$ "or Lo$ An#ee$ A&ra$ion Te$tK____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________


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EXPERIMENT NO.-

A((RE(ATE CRUS;I"( VALUE TEST

DATE :- __________

Reference:


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Exper!ent "#$ 3

%ETERMI"ATI&" &' CRUS;I"( VALUE TESTReference: -

%ate:-)))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))

&


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PR&CE%URE

The a##re#ate $ampe: The materia "or the $tandard te$t con$i$t$ o" a##re#ate$i;ed 26 mm to 2 5mm.The a##re#ate $ha &e in $!r"ace dr' condition &e"orete$tin#. The a##re#ate ma' &e dried &' heatin# at 266-22 6 = "or not more than 4

ho!r$ and cooed to room temperat!re &e"ore te$tin#+ i" nece$$ar'.2. ,ieve the materia thro!#h 2.5 mm and 26 mm .,. $ieve$. The a##re#atepa$$in# thro!#h 2.5 mm and 26 mm .,. $ieve$ compri$e the te$t materia.. ,ieve the materia thro!#h 2.5 mm and 26 mm $ieve$. The a##re#ate$ pa$$in#thro!#h 2.5 mm $ieve and retainin# on 26 mm $ieve compri$e o" the te$t materia.. Tae a&o!t .5 # o" thi$ materia.4. Po!r the a##re#ate$ to "i a&o!t *!$t more than 2> rd depth o" the mea$!rin#c'inder.5. =ompact the materiaQ &' #ivin# 5 #ente &o$ ith the ro!nded end o" tampin#rod.0. Add to more a'er$ in $imiar manner+ $!ch that the c'inder i$ "!.. Remove the e8ce$$ materia ith a $trai#ht ed#e The !antit' contained in themea$!rin# c'inder i$ that amo!nt o" a##re#ate$+ hich i &e !$ed to prepare thete$t $ampe/. Empt' the c'inder and ei#h the a##re#ate$+ acc!rate !p to 2 #m.3. Tran$"er the hoe o" thi$ ei#hed !antit' to the te$t mo!d &' "iin# it in threea'er$ in the $ame manner a$ "or c'indrica mea$!re. The tota depth o" the $ampei$ than a&o!t 26 cm and the $!r"ace i$ itte &eo the top o" the mo!d.26.Leve o"" the $!r"ace pace p!n#er o er it $o that it re$t$ hori;onta' over the$!r"ace o" a##re#ate$22. Pace the a$$em&' on the pede$ta o" the compre$$ion te$tin# machine.

2.App' the oad at a !ni"orm rate o" 4 tonne$ per. min!te !nti the tota appiedoad i$ 46 tonne$.2.Reea$e the oad.24.Tae the a##re#ate$ o!t o" the c'inier and $ieve them thro!#h .0 mm I ,.$ieve. ?ei#h thi$ "raction pa$$in# thro!#h it to an acc!rac' o" 6.2 #m. Thi$ "ractioni$ a mea$!re o" o$$ o" materia d!e to cr!$hin#.25. .Note don the o&$ervation$ in the pret&rma and comp!te the a##re#atecr!$hin# va!e. The mean o" to o&$ervation$+ ro!ncSd to neare$t hoe n!m&er i$reported a$ the avera#e cr!$hin# va!e

Tet >t n#n-tan.ar. ?e #f a//re/ate

I" re!ired or i" the $tandard $i;e i$ not avaia&e+ te$t ma' &e carried o!t ithdi""erent #radin#. Joever $peci"ication$ i &e di""erent "or $!ch ca$e$ and$ho!d con"irm to tho$e #iven in the "ooin# ta&e:

%eta4 f#r A//re/ate Cr0n/ Tet >t "#n-tan.ar. S?e #f A//re/ate

A##re#ate $i;e !antit' o" materia+preparation o" te$t$ampe

I.,. $ieve "or$eparatin# "ine$

Loadin#

Pa$$in#thro!#h mm

Retainedon mm


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5 6 ,tandard method 4.5 mm ,tandardoadin#

6 2.5 ,tandard Te$t .5 mm Rate o"

c'inder- .5 cm dia.

26 0. ='indrica 2. mm oadin#one

mea$!re- 0 cm dia.

0. 4.5 and 6 cm on#. 2.2/ mm tonne per

Depth o" materia in

te$t c'inder a"ter min. !p to

4.5 .5 tampin#- 5cm. Tota /56 micron

oad appied-Q6 tota o" 26

.5 .0 min!te$. !antit' o" 066 micron

materia- 2 # "or tonne$.to $ampe$.

PRECAUTI&"S

2. The p!n#er $ho!d &e paced centra' and re$t direct' on the a##re#ate$. =are$ho!d &e taen that it doe$ not to!ch the a$ o" the c'inder $o a$ to en$!rethat the entire oad i$ tran$"erred into a##re#ate$.

. In the operation o" $ievin# the a##re#ate$ thro!#h .0 mm $ieve and ei#hin#care $ho!d &e taen to avoid o$$ o" "ine$ .The $!m o" ei#ht$ o" "raction$retained and pa$$in# the $ieve$ $ho!d not di""er "rom the ori#ina ei#ht o" the$pecimen &' more than 2 #m.

. The tampin# $ho!d &e done proper' &' #ent' droppin# the tampin# rod andnot &' hammerin# action. A$o the tampin# $ho!d &e !ni"orm over the $!r"aceo" the a##re#ate tain# care that the tampin# rod doe$ not "re!ent' $triea#ain$t the a$ o" the mo!d

&SERVATI&"S


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CALCULATI&"

A##re#ate cr!$hin# va!e (G) F ?> ?28 266 F

Mean F

A##re#ate cr!$hin# va!e F

(Note: The mean o" the to re$!t$ to the neare$t hoe n!m&er i$ reported a$ thea##re#ate cr!$hin# va!e o" the materia.)

I"TERPRETATI&" &' RESULTS

The $!ita&iit' o" a##re#ate$ i$ ad*!d#ed+ dependin# !pon it$ propo$ed !$e in thepavement a'er$ .The ta&e #iven &eo a'$ don $peci"ied imit$ o" G a##re#ate

cr!$hin# va!e+ "or di""erent t'pe$ o" road con$tr!ction$.

A44#>a*4e 4!t #f A$ C V$

Sr$"#$ Tpe #f r#a. c#ntr0ct#n A$C$V$ n#t !#re tan

A@ '4ex*4e pae!ent

a) ,oin# 56

&) ?ater &o!nd macadam 46

c) it!mino!$ macadam 46

d) it!mino!$ macadam premi8 carpet 6

e) Den$e mi8 carpet 6

@ R/. pae!ent

a ) Other than earin# co!r$e 45

&) ,!r"ace or earin# co!r$e 6

APPLICATI&" &' A((RE(ATE CRUS;I"( TEST

The a##re#ate cr!$hin# va!e i$ the indirect mea$!re o" the a##re#ate$. Loa##re#ate cr!$hin# va!e indicate$ $tron# a##re#ate+ a$ the cr!$hed "raction i$ o.

De$cription ,ampe-2 ,ampe-

Tota ei#ht o" dr' $ampe taen -?2#m

hei#ht o" portion pa$$in# .0 mm

$ieve F ?#m

A##re#ate cr!$hin# va!e (G)F ?> ?28 266


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Th!$ the te$t can &e !$ed to a$$e$$ the $!ita&iit' o" a##re#ate$ ith re"erence tothe cr!$hin# $tren#th "or vario!$ t'pe$ o" pavement component O" the a##re#ate$!$ed "or the $!r"ace co!r$e o" pavement $ho!d &e $tron# eno!#h to ith$tand thehi#h $tre$$ d!e to hee oad+ inc!din# the $tee tire o" oaded &!oc-cart.Indian Road =on#re$$ and I,I have $peci"ied that the a##re#ate cr!$hin# va!e o"

the coar$e a##re#ate$ !$ed "or cement concrete pavement at $!r"ace $ho!d note8ceed 6 percent. Bor a##re#ate$ !$ed "or concrete other than earin# $!r"ace$+the a##re#ate cr!$hin# va!e $ha not e8ceed 45 percent+ accordin# to I,.

A/n!entE8pain a##re#ate cr!$hin# va!e. Jo o!d 'o! e8pre$$ itK____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

?hat i$ the $peci"ied $tandard $i;e o" the a##re#ateK____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

A##re#ate cr!$hin# va!e o" the materia Ai$ 46 and that o" materia i$ 5.?hichone i$ &etterK____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

,tate the IR=> I, re"erence$ "or cr!$hin# va!e o" a##re#ateK____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

?hat are the recommended ma8im!m va!e$ o" a##re#ate cr!$hin# va!e "or the

a##re#ate$ to &e !$ed in &a$e and $!r"ace co!r$e$ o" pavementK____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________


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EXPERIMENT NO.-

S;APE TEST

DATE :- __________

Reference:


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Exper!ent "#$


23/80

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%ETERMI"ATI&" &' S;APE TESTReference: -

%ate:-)))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))

1$ Intr#.0ct#n

The partice $hape o" a##re#ate$ i$ determined &' the percenta#e$ o" "a' andeon#ated partice$ contained in it. In the ca$e o" #rave it i$ determined &' it$an#!arit' n!m&er. Bor &a$e co!r$e and con$tr!ction o" &it!mino!$ and cementconcrete t'pe$+ the "a' and eon#ated partice$ are con$idered !nde$ira&e a$ the'ma' ca!$e inherent eane$$ ith the po$$i&iitie$ o" &reain# don !nder heav'oad$. Ro!nded a##re#ate$ are pre"erred in cement concrete road con$tr!ction a$the ora&iit' o"=oncrete improve$.An#!arit' $hape o" partice$ are de$ira&e "or #ran!ar &a$e

co!r$e d!e to increa$ed $ta&iit' derived "rom the &etter interocin#. ?hen the$hape o" a##re#ate$ deviate$ more "rom the $pherica $hape+ a$ in the ca$e o"an#!ar+ "a' and eon#ated a##re#ate+ the void content in an a##re#ate o" an'$peci"ied $i;e increa$e$ and hence the #rain $i;e di$tri&!tion o" a #raded a##re#ateha$ to &e $!ita&' atered in order to o&tain minim!m void$ in the dr' mi8 or thehi#he$t dr' den$it'. The an#!arit' n!m&er denote$ the void content o" $in#e $i;eda##re#ate$ in e8ce$$ o" that o&tained $pherica a##re#ate$ o" the $ame $i;e. Th!$an#!arit' n!m&er ha$ con$idera&e importance in the #radation re!irement$ o"vario!$ t'pe$ o" mi8e$ $!ch a$ &it!mino!$ concrete and $oi-a##re#ate mi8e$. Th!$ eva!ation o" $hape o" the partice$+ partic!ar' ith re"erence to "aine$$+eon#ation and an#!arit' i$ nece$$ar'.

BLA7INE,, INDEXThe "aine$$ inde8 o" a##re#ate$ i$ the percenta#e$ &' ei#ht o" partice$ ho$eea$t dimen$ion (thicne$$) i$ e$$ than three-"i"th$ (6.0) o" their mean dimen$ion.The te$t i$ not appica&e to $i;e$ $maer than 0. mm.

2$ Apparat0The apparat!$ con$i$t$ o" a $tandard thicne$$ #a!#e I, $ieve$ o" $i;e$ 0+56+46+2.5+ 5+ 6+ 20+ 2.5 and 0. mm and a &aance to ei#h the $ampe$.

3$ Pr#ce.0reThe $ampe i$ $ieved ith the $ieve$ mentioned in Ta&e. A Minim!m o" 66 piece$

o" each "raction to &e te$ted are taen and ei#hed F ?2#. In order to $eparate "a'materia$+ each "raction i$ then #a!#ed "or thicne$$ on a thicne$$ #a!#e $hon in"i#. or in &! on $ieve$ havin# eon#ated $ot$. The idth o" the $ot !$ed $ho!d &ethe dimen$ion$ $peci"ied in co!mn () o" Ta&e+ "or the appropriate $i;e o" materia.The amo!nt o" "a' materia pa$$in# the #a!#e i$ ei#hed to an acc!rac' o" at ea$t6.2 percent o" the te$t $ampe.

$ Rec#r. 5 &*erat#n:-

,i;e o" a##re#ate (a)Thicne$$

Ca!#e

(6.0 time$the mean

(&)Len#th

Ca!#e(2./ time$

the mean$ieve)mm

?t. O"A##re#ate$

(?) #m.

?t. O" "a'materia$()#m.

?t. O"eon#atedmateria$

()#m.

,r.No. Pa$$in#thro!#h

I, $ievemm

Retainedon I,

$ievemm


24/80

P a g e

2 6


$ieve)mm

2 0.6 56.6 .36 -

56.6 46.6 .66 /2.6

46.6 5.6 23..56 5/.5

4 2.5 5.6 20.35 -5 5.6 6.6 2.56 46.5

0 6.6 20.6 26./6 .4

20.6 2.5 /.55 5.0

/ 2.5 26.6 0.5 6.

3 26.6 0. 4./3 24.

T#ta4

$Ca4c04at#n an. Re04t

In order to cac!ate the "aine$$ inde8 o" the entire $ampe o" a##re#ate$ "ir$t theei#ht o" each "raction o" a##re#ate pa$$in# and retained on the $peci"ied $et o"$ieve$ i$ noted.A$ an e8ampe et 66 piece$ o" the a##re#ate pa$$in# 56 mm $ieveand retained on 46mm $ieve &e F ?2#. Each o" the partice "rom thi$ "raction o"a##re#ate i$ tried to &e pa$$ed thro!#h the $ot o" the $peci"ied thicen$$ o" thethice$$ #a!#e% in thi$ e8ampe the idth o" the appropriate #a!#e o" the thicne$$#a!#e i$

( 56846)F ----------------- 8 6.0 F .6 mm #a!#e

Let the ei#ht o" the "a' materia pa$$in# thi$ #a!#e &e 2#. ,imiar' the ei#ht$o" the "raction$ pa$$in# and retained the $peci"ied $ieve$+ ?2+ ?+ ?+ etc. areei#hed and tota ei#ht ?2U ?U ? U--F ?# i$ "o!nd. A$o the ei#ht$ o" materiapa$$in# each o" the $peci"ied thicne$$ #a!#e are "o!nd F 2++- - and the totaei#ht o" materia pa$$in# the di""erent thicne$$ #a!#e$ 2UUU--F#i$ "o!nd.Then the "aine$$ inde8 i$ the tota ei#ht o" the "a' mateira pa$$in# the vario!$thicne$$ #a!#e$ e8pre$$ed a$ a percenta#e o" the tota ei#ht o" the $ampe#a!#ed. ( U+U U- - - )

Baine$$ Inde8 F 266 percent F 266 8 ( > ?) percent ?2U ?U ?

E4#n/at#n In.ex

The eon#ation inde8 o" an a##re#ate i$ the percenta#e &' ei#ht o" partice$ ho$e#reate$t dimen$ion (en#th) i$ #reater than one and "o!r "i"th time$ (2+/ time$) theirmean dimen$ion$. The eon#ation te$t i$ not appica&e to $i;e$ $maer than 0.mm.

6$Apparat0

The apparat!$ con$i$t$ o" the en#th #a!#e $hon in Bi#!re+ $ieve$ o" the $i;e$$peci"ied in ta&e and a &aance.


25/80

P a g e

2 6


$Pr#ce.0re

The $ampe i$ $ieved thro!#h the I, $ieve$ $peci"ied in Ta&e. A minim!m o" 66piece$ o" each "raction i$ taen and ei#hed. V*i order to $eparate eon#atedmateria+ each "raction i$ then #a!#ed individ!a' "or en#th in a en#th #a!#e (,ee

Bi#.) The #a!#e en#th !$ed $ho!d &e tho$e $peci"ied in co!mn 4 o" the Ta&e "orthe appropriate materia. The piece$ o" a##re#ate$ "rom each "raction te$ted hichco!d not pa$$ thro!#h the $peci"ied #a!#e en#th ith it$ on# $ide are eon#atedpartice$ and are coected $eparate' to "ind the tota ei#ht o" a##re#ate retainedon the en#th #a!#e "rom each "raction. The tota amo!nt o" eon#ated materiaretained &' the en#th #a!#e are ei#hed to an acc!rac' o" at ea$t 6.2 percnt o" theei#ht o" the te$t $ampe.

8$Ca4c04at#n an. Re04t

In order to cac!ate the eon#ation inde8 o" the entire $ampe o" a##re#ate$+ the

ei#ht o" a##re#ate$ hich i$ retained on the $peci"ied #a!#e en#th "rom each"raction i$ noted. A$ an e8ampe+ et 66 piece$ o" the a##re#ate pa$$in# 46 mm$ieve and retained 5 mm $ieve ei#ht ?2 #. Each piece o" the$e are tried to &epa$$ed thro!#h the $peci"ied #a!#e en#th o" en#th #a!#e+ hich in thi$ e8ampe i$

(46 U 5)F ---------------------- 8 2./ F 5/.5 mm 2

ith it$ on#e$t $ide and tho$e eon#ated hich do not pa$$ the #a!#e are$eparated and the tota ei#ht determined F + #. ,imiar' the ei#ht o" each"raction o" a##re#ate

pa$$in# and retained on $peci"ied $ieve$ $i;e$ are "o!nd ?++ ?+ ? and the tota

ei#ht o" $ampe determined F ?+ U ?U ?U -------- - ?#. A$o the ei#ht e"

materia "rom each "raction retained on the $peci"ied #a!#e en#th are "o!nd F 82+8+8 - -and the tota ei#ht retained determined F 8 2U 8U 8U --- F X#

The eon#ation inde8 i$ the tota ei#ht o" the materia retained on the vario!$en#th #a!#e$+ e8pre$$ed a$ a percenta#e o" the tota ei#ht o" the $ampe #a!#ed.

(8 +U8 U 8U ---) 266Eon#ation Inde8 F --------------------- --------------- F 266 8(X > ?) percent ?2U ?U ?

9$C#nc40#n:_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________


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P a g e

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A/n!ent

?hat i$ the $i#ni"icance o" the $hape o" a##re#ate in pavement con$tr!ctionK______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

E8pain hat i$ meant &' "a' and eon#ated partice$K____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

E8pain "aine$$ inde8. Jo it i$ "o!ndK___________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

E8pain eon#ation inde8K Jo it i$ determined in the a&orator'K____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

,tate IR=>I, re"erence$ "or the $hape te$tK____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

,tate the ma8im!m aoa&e va!e o" "aine$$ inde8 o" a##re#ate in di""erent t'pe$o" pavement con$tr!ctionK_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________


27/80


EXPERIMENT NO.-5

SPECI'IC (RAVIT= A"%ATER AS&RPTI&"TEST '&R R&A% A((RE(ATE

DATE :- __________

Reference:

CIVIL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT-K.B.P.COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING & POLY., SATARA 27


28/80


Exper!ent "#$

%ETERMI"ATI&" &' SPECI'IC (RAVT= A"% ATER AS&RPTI&"Reference: IS 2386BPart III@-1963

%ate:-)))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))

&*+ect-Thi$ te$t cover$ the proced!re$ "or determinin# the $peci"ic #ravit'+ apparent $peci"ic#ravit' and ater a&$orption o" a##re#ate$.

"#te 1-Three main method$ are $peci"ied "or !$e accordin# to hether the $i;e o" thea##re#ate i$ ar#e than 26 mm (Method I) &eteen 46 mm and 26 mm (Method I or IIma' &e !$ed)% or $maer than 26 mm (Method III).An aternate method (Method I1 ) i$a$o permitted.

Met#. I - A//re/ate Lar/er tan 17 !!Apparat0 - The apparat!$ $ha con$i$t o" the "ooin#:

i. aance -A &aance or $cae o" capacit' not e$$ than #+ reada&e and acc!rate to6.5 # and o" $!ch a t'pe and $hape a$ to permit the &a$et containin# the $ampe to &e$!$pended "rom the &eam and ei#hed in ater.ii. Oven-A e ventiated oven+ thermo$tatica' controed+ to maintain a temperat!reo" 266 to 226G.iii. A ire &a$et o" not more than 0- mm me$h or a per"orated container o"convenient $i;e+ pre"era&' chromi!m pated and poi$hed+ ith ire han#er$ notthicer than one miimetre "or $!$pendin# it "rom the &aance.iv. A $to!t aterti#ht container in hich the &a$et ma' &e "ree' $!$pended.v. To dr' $o"t a&$or&ent coth$ each not e$$ than 5 8 45 cm.vi. A $hao tra' o" area not e$$ than 056 cm.

vii.An airti#ht container o" capacit' $imiar to that o" the &a$et.

Sa!p4e - A $ampe o" not e$$ than 666 # o" the a##re#ate $ha &e te$ted.A##re#ate$ hich have &een arti"icia' heated $ha not norma' &e !$ed. I" $!chmateria i$ !$ed the "act $ha &e $tated in the report. To te$t$ $ha &e made+ and it i$recommended that the to $ampe$ $ho!d not &e te$ted conc!rrent'.Tet Pr#ce.0re- The $ampe $ha &e thoro!#h' a$hed to remove "iner partice$ andd!$t+ drained and then paced in the ire &a$et and immer$ed in di$tied ater at atemperat!re &eteen


29/80


The &a$et and the a##re#ate $ha then &e removed "rom the ater and aoed todrain "or "e min!te$+ a"ter hich the+ a##re#ate $ha &e #ent' emptied "rom the&a$et on to one o" the dr' cothe$+ and the empt' &a$et $ha &e ret!rned to theater+ *oted 5 time$ and ei#hed in ater (ei#ht A).The a##re#ate paced on the dr' coth $ha &e #ent' $!r"ace dried ith the coth+tran$"errin# it to the $econd dr' coth hen the "ir$t i remove no "!rther moi$t!re. It

$ha then &e $pread o!t not more than one $tone deep on the $econd coth+ and e$te8po$ed to the atmo$phere aa' "rom direct $!ni#ht or an' other $o!rce o" heat "ornot e$$ than 26 min!te$+ or !nti it appear$ to &e compete' $!r"ace dr' ( hich ith$ome a##re#ate$ ma' tae an ho!r or more). The a##re#ate $ha &e t!rned over atea$t once d!rin# thi$ period and a #ente c!rrent o" !nheated air ma' &e !$ed a"ter the"ir$t ten min!te$ to acceerate the dr'in# o" di""ic!t a##re#ate$. The a##re#ate $hathen &e ei#hed (ei#ht )."#te-I" the apparent $peci"ic #ravit' on' i$ re!ired the operation$ de$cri&ed a&ovema' &e omitted.The a##re#ate $ha then &e paced in the oven in the $hao tra'+ at a temperat!re o"I66 to 226


30/80


c) Ca$$ 1e$$e or Var-A ide-mo!thed #a$$ ve$$e $!ch a$ a *ar o" a&o!t 2.5 itre$capacit'+ ith a "at #ro!nd ip and a pane #ro!nd di$c o" pate #a$$ to cover it+ #ivin#a virt!a' aterti#ht "it.d) =oth$- To dr' $o"t a&$or&ent coth$+ each not e$$ than 5 8 45 cm.e) Tra' - A $hao tra' o" area not e$$ than 5 cm.") =ontainer- An airti#ht container ar#e eno!#h to tae the $ampe.

Sa!p4e-A $ampe o" a&o!t one io#ram o" the a##re#ate $ha &e !$ed. A##re#ate$hich have &een arti"icia' heated $ha not norma' &e !$ed% i" $!chmateria i$ !$ed+the "act $ha &e $tated in the report.To te$t$ $ha &e made and it i$ recommended that the to $ampe$ $ho!d not &ete$ted conc!rrent'.Tet Pr#ce.0re-The$ampe $ha &e $creened on a 2Omm I, $ieve+ thoro!#h' a$hed to remove "inepartice$ o" d!$t+ and immer$ed in di$tied ater in the #a$$ ve$$e% it $ha remainimmer$ed at a temperat!re o" to


31/80


%

Apparent pecfc /rat -------------

%-BA D @

177 BC - %@

ater a*#rpt#n Bpercent #f .r >e/t@ ---------------- %

?here+A = ei#ht in # o" ve$$e containin# $ampe and "ied ith di$tied ater+B = ei#ht in # o" ve$$e "ied ith di$tied ater on'+= F ei#ht in # o" $at!rated $!r"ace-dr' $ampe+ and = ei#ht in # o" oven-dr' $ampe.

Re04t- The individ!a and main re$!t$ $ha &e reported. The #radin# o" a##re#atete$ted $ha &e $tated+ and hether it ha$ &een arti"icia' heated.

Met#. III - A//re/ate S!a44er Tan 17 !!Apparat0- The apparat!$ $ha con$i$t o" the "ooin#:aance-A &aance or $cae o" capacit' not e$$ than #+ reada&e and acc!rate to6.5 #+ and o" $!ch a t'pe a$ to permit the ei#hin# o" the ve$$e containin# thea##re#ate and ater.!"en - A e ventiated oven+ thermo$tatica' controed+ to maintain a temperat!re o"266 to 226


32/80


$!r"ace o" the a##re#ate $ha &e removed &' #ente a#itation ith a rod. The $ampe$ha remain immer$ed "or 4 9 2> ho!r$. The ater $ha then &e care"!' drained"rom the $ampe+ &' decantation thro!#h a "iter paper+ an' materia retained &ein#ret!rn Y to the $ampe. The a##re#ate inc!din# an' $oid matter retained on the "iterpaper $ha &e e8po$ed to a #ente c!rrent o" arm air to evaporate $!r"ace moi$t!reand $ha &e $tirred at "re!ent interva$ to en$!re !ni"orm dr'in# !nti no "ree $!r"ace

moi$t!re can &e $een and the materia *!$t attain$ a "ree-r!nnin# condition. =are$ha &e taen to en$!re that thi$ $ta#e i$ not pa$$ed. The $at!rated and $!r"ace-dr'$ampe $ha &e ei#hed (ei#ht A)."#te-I" the apparent $peci"ic #ravit' on' i$ re!ired+ the operation$ de$cri&ed in thi$para#raph ma' he omitted+ atho!#h "or materia "iner Y 45 mm $ome $!r"ace dr'in#ma' &e de$ira&e to "aciitate handin#.The a##re#ate $ha then &e paced in the p'cnometer hich $ha &e "ied ith di$tiedater. An' trapped air $ha &e eiminated &' rotatin# the p'cnometer on it$ $ide+ thehoe in the ape8 o" the cone &ein# covered ith a "in#er. The p'cnometer $ha &etopped !p ith di$tied ater to remove an' "roth "rom the $!r"ace and $o that the$!r"ace o" the ater in the hoe i$ "at. The p'cnometer $ha &e dried on the o!t$ide

and ei#hed (ei#ht ). The content$ o" the p'cnometer $ha &e emptied into the tra'+care &ein# taen to en$!re that a the a##re#ate i$ tran$"erred. The p'cnometer $ha&e re"ied ith di$tied ater to the $ame eve a$ &e"ore+ dried on the o!t$ide andei#hed (ei#ht =). The di""erence in the temperat!re o" the ater in the p'cnometerd!rin# the "ir$t and $econd ei#hin# $ha not e8ceed


33/80


%

?here+A = ei#ht in # o" $at!rated $!r"ace-dr' $ampe+B = ei#ht in # o" p'cnometer or #a$ *ar containin# $ampe and "ied ith di$tiedater+= F ei#ht in # o" p'cnometer or #a$ *ar "ied ith di$tied ater on'+ and

= ei#ht in # o" oven-dried $ampe.

Re04t DThe individ!a and mean re$!t$ $ha &e reported and the #radin# o" the a##re#ate$ha &e $tated.

Met#. IV- A4ternate Met#.

The $peci"ic #ravit' and ater a&$orption o" a##re#ate $maer than 46 mm ma' &edetermined &' !$in# the apparat!$ de$cri&ed in I,: 2233-2353 Method$ o" ,ampin#and Ana'$i$ o" =oncrete+ &!t di$tied ater $ha &e !$ed in pace o" tap ater.

?hen te$tin# a##re#ate &eteen 46 mm and 2O mm the proced!re $ha &e a$de$cri&ed a&ove $!&$tit!tin# the &!cet "or the ire &a$et and $tirrin# ith a rodin$tead o" *otin# to remove air "rom the $ampe.?hen te$tin# a##re#ate $maer than IO mm the apparat!$ $ha &e !$ed in the $amea' a$ a&ove+ &!t the- $e!ence o" operation$ $ha &e a$ #iven in .4. A"tertran$"errin# the $ampe to the &!cet+ ater $ha &e added to cover the a##re#ate &'at ea$t 5 mm and the $ampe $tirred to remove air. The &!cet $ha then &e "ied ithater and the eve o" ater in the tan rai$ed $o' to avoid+ a$ "ar a$ po$$i&e+ theo$$ o" "ine partice$ "rom the $ampe in the &!cet to the tan.

CALCULATI&"S:



34/80


EXPERIMENT NO.-0

PE"ETRATI&" TEST

DATE :- __________

Reference:



35/80




36/80


Exper!ent "#$ 6

%ETERMI"ATI&" &' PE"ETRATI&" VALUE &' ITUME" Reference:-

%ate:-))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))

1$ &*+ecte(i) To a$$e$$ the $!ita&iit' o" &it!men "or it$ !$e !nder di""erent cimatic condition andt'pe o" con$tr!ction.


Penetration i$ a mea$!rement o" hardne$$ or con$i$tenc' o" &it!mino!$ materia. It i$the vertica di$tance traver$ed or penetrated &' the point o" a $tandard neede in to the&it!mino!$ materia !nder $peci"ic condition o" oad+ time and temperat!re. Thi$ di$tance i$mea$!red in one tenth o" a miimeter. Thi$ te$t i$ !$ed "or eva!atin# con$i$tenc' o"&it!mino!$ materia$. It i$ not re#arded a$ $!ita&e "or !$e in connection ith the te$tin# o"road tar &eca!$e o" the hi#h $!r"ace ten$ion e8hi&ited &' the$e materia$ and the "act thatthe' contain reative' ar#e amo!nt o" "ree car&on.

3$ Apparat0

(i) &ntainer:A "at &ottomed c'indrica metaic di$h 55 mm in diameter and 5 mm indepth i$ re!ired. I" the penetration i$ o" the order o" 5 or more deeper di$h o" 6 mmdia. and 45 mm. depth i$ re!ired+(ii) Neede: A $trai#ht+ hi#h' poi$hed+ c'indrica hard $tee rod+ a$ per dimen$ion$#iven in Bi#.(iii) ?ater &ath: A ater &ath maintained at 5.6< 9 6.2< = containin# not e$$ than 26

itre$ o" ater+ the $ampe &ein# immer$ed to a depth not e$$ than 266mm "rom the topand $!pported on a per"orated $he" not e$$ than 56 mm "rom the &ottom o" the &ath.(iv)Tran$"er di$h or tra': It $ho!d provide $!pport to the container and $ho!d not rocthe container. It $ho!d &e o" $!ch capacit' a$ to compete' immer$e into the containerd!rin# the te$t.(v) Penetration apparat!$: It $ho!d &e $!ch that i ao the neede to penetrate itho!tm!ch "riction and i$ acc!rate' cai&rated to #ive re$!t$ in one tenth o" a miimeter.(vi) Thermometer:Ran#e 6-44< = and reada&e !p to 6.< =(vii) Time mea$!rin# device: ?ith an acc!rac' 9 6.2 $ec.

$ Pr#ce.0re

(i) Preparation o" te$t $pecimen: ,o"ten the materia to a po!rin# con$i$tenc' at atemperat!re not more than 06< = "or tar$ and 36< = "or &it!men a&ove the appro8imate$o"tenin# point and $tir it thoro!#h' !nti it i$ homo#eneo!$ and i$ "ree "rom air &!&&e$and ater. Po!r the met into the container to a depth at ea$t 26 mm. in e8ce$$ o" thee8pected penetration. Protect the $ampe "rom d!$t and ao it to coo in an atmo$phereat a temperat!re &eteen 25< to 6< = "or one ho!r. Then pace it aon# ith the tran$"erdi$h in the ater &ath at 5-6< 9 6.2< = and ao it to remain "or 2 to 2 Y 2> ho!r. The te$ti$ carried o!t at 5.6< 9 6.2< = !ne$$ otheri$e $tated.



37/80


(ii) Bi the tran$"er di$h ater "rom the ater &ath to depth $!""icient to cover thecontainer compete'+ pace the $ampe in it and p!t it !pon the $tand o" thepenetration apparat!$.(iii) =ean the neede ith &en;ene+ dr' it and oad ith the ei#ht. The tota movin# oadre!ired i$ 266 9 6.5 #m$+ inc!din# the ei#ht o" the neede+ carrier and $!per-impo$edei#ht$.

(iv) Ad*!$t the neede to mae contact ith the $!r"ace o" the $ampe. Thi$ ma' &e done &'pacin# the neede point in contact ith it$ ima#e re"ected &' the $!r"ace o" the&it!mino!$ materia.(v) Mae the pointer o" the dia to read ;ero or note the initia dia readin#.(vi) Reea$e the neede "or e8act' "ive $econd$.(vii) Ad*!$t the penetration machine to mea$!re the di$tance penetrated.(viii) Mae at ea$t readin#$ at point$ on the $!r"ace o" the $ampe not e$$ than 26 mm.apart and not e$$ than 26 mm "rom the $ide o" the di$h. A"ter each te$t ret!rn the $ampeand tran$"er di$h to the ater &ath and a$h the neede cean ith &en;ene arid dr' it. Inca$e o" materia o" penetration #reater than 5 three determination$ on each o" the toidentica te$t $pecimen$ !$in# a $eparate neede "or each determination $ho!d &e made+

eavin# the neede in the $ampe on competion o" each determination$ to avoiddi$t!r&ance o" the $pecimen.

$ Preca0t#n:

(i) There $ho!d &e no movement o" the container hie neede i$ penetratin# into the$ampe.(ii) The $ampe $ho!d &e "ree "rom an' e8traneo!$ matter+(iii) The neede $ho!d &e ceaned ith &en;ene and dried &e"ore each penetration.

6$ Rec#r. #f &*erat#n:

Act!a Te$t temperat!re F


38/80




Penetration te$t i$ a common' adopted te$t on &it!men to #rade the materia in term$o" it$ hardne$$. An /6>266 #rade &it!men indicate$ that it$ penetration va!e ie$ &eteen/6 and 266. The #radin# o" &it!men hep$ to a$$e$$ it$ $!ita&iit' "or !$e in di""erentcimatic condition$ and t'pe$ o" con$tr!ction. Bor &it!mino!$ macadam and penetration

macadam+ IR= $!##e$t &it!men #rade$ 6>46+ 06>6 and /6>266. In armer re#ion$ oerpenetration #rade$ are pre"erred to avoid $o"tenin# herea$ hi#her penetration #rade$ie 2/6>66 are !$ed in coder re#ion$ $o that e8ce$$ive &rittene$$ doe$ not occ!r.Ji#he$t penetration #rade i$ !$ed in $pra' appication or$.

C#nc40#n:____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

A/n!ent

Jo i$ penetration va!e o" &it!men e8pre$$edK__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

?hat are the $tandard oad+ time and temperat!re $peci"ied "or penetration te$tK____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

?hat do 'o! !nder$tand &' /6>266 &it!menK____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

,tate the penetration va!e "or vario!$ t'pe$ o" &it!men "or IndiaK____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________



39/80


EXPERIMENT NO.-

%UCTILIT= TEST

DATE :- __________

Reference: - IS: 1278-198



40/80


41/80


Exper!ent "#$ 6

DETERMINATION OB DZ=TILIT[ OB TJE ITZMENReference: - IS: 1278-198

%ate:-)))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))

1$ &*+ecte:

(i) To mea$!re the d!ctiit' o" a #iven $ampe o" &it!men.(ii) To determine the $!ita&iit' o" &it!men "or it$ !$e in road con$tr!ction.


The D!ctiit' Te$t #ive$ a mea$!re o" adhe$ive propert' o" it!men and it$ a&iit' to$tretch. In a "e8i&e pavement de$i#n+ it i$ nece$$ar' that &inder $ho!d "orm a thin d!ctie"im aro!nd the a##re#ate$ $o that the ph'$ica interocin# o" the a##re#ate$ i$ improved.inder materia havin# in$!""icient d!ctiit' #et$ craced hen $!&*ected to repeated tra""icoad$ and it provide$ pervio!$ pavement $!r"ace. D!ctiit' o" a &it!mino!$ materia i$mea$!red &' the di$tance in centimeter$ to hich it i eon#ate &e"ore &reain# hento end$ o" $tandard &ri!ette $pecimen o" the materia are p!ed apart at a $peci"ied$peed and at a $peci"ied temperat!re.

$ Apparat0

The apparat!$ "or the $tandard d!ctiit' te$t a$ per I,: 26/-23/ con$i$t$ o" the"ooin#:

(i) ri!ette mo!d: It i$ made !p o" &ra$$ ith the $hape+ dimen$ion$ and toerance$a$ $hon in Bi#. 3. The end$ & and & &ein# non a$ cip$ and part$ a and a are $ide$

o" the mo!d. The circ!ar hoe$ are provided in the cip$ to #rip the "i8ed and mova&eend$ o" the te$tin# machine. The mo!d hen proper' a$$em&ed "orm a &ri!ette$pecimen o" "ooin# dimen$ion$:Tota en#th 5.6 9 6.5 mmDi$tance &eteen cip$ 6.6 9 6. mm?idth at mo!nt o" $ip 6.6 9 6. mm?idth at minim!m cro$$ $ection 26.6 96.2 mm(ha" a' &eteen cip$)Thicne$$ thro!#ho!t 26.6 9 6.2 mm(ii) ?ater &ath: A &ath maintained ithin 9 6.2< = o" the $peci"ied te$t temperat!re+containin# not e$$ than 26 itre$ o\ ater+ the $pecimen &ein# $!&mer#ed to a depth o"

not e$$ than 26 cm and $!pported on a per"orated $he" and e$$ than 5 cm. "rom the&ottom o" the &ath.(iii) Te$tin# machine:Bor p!in# the &ri!ette o" &it!mino!$ materia apart+ an' apparat!$ma' &e !$ed hich i$ $o con$tr!cted that the $pecimen i &e contin!o!$' $!&mer#edin ater hie the to cip$ are &ein# p!ed apart hori;onta' at a !ni"orm $peed o" 56 9.5 mm per min!te.(iv) Thermometer: Ran#e 6-44< = and reada&e !p to 6.< =



42/80


4.Pr#ce.0re:

(i) Met the &it!mino!$ te$t materia compete' at a temperat!re o" 5


43/80


7. Ca4c04at#n 5 Re04t:


The $!ita&iit' o" &it!men i$ *!d#ed+ dependin# !pon it$ t'pe and propo$ed !$e.

it!men ith o d!ctiit' va!e ma' #et craced e$pecia' in cod eather. I,I ha$$peci"ied "ooin# va!e$ o" minim!m d!ctiit' "or vario!$ #rade$ o" it!men a$"oo$:

CIVIL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT-K.B.P.COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING & POLY., SATARA

,r. No. Te$t Propert' ri!ette No. Mean

2 1a!e

(a) Initia Readin#

(&) Bina Readin#

(c) D!ctiit' F & - a (cm.)

D!ctiit' va!e F

,r. No. ,o!rce o" pavin# &it!men andpenetration #rade

Minim!m d!ctiit' va!e cm$

2. A$$am Petroe!m A 5 5

A 5 26

A 45 2

. A 05+ A 36 and A 66 25

. it!men "rom $o!rce$ other than

A$$am Petroe!m , 5. 56

4. , 45+ , 05 and , 36 5

43


44/80


9$C#nc40#n:__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

A/n!ent

E8pain d!ctiit' o" the &it!menK____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Jo i$ d!ctiit' va!e e8pre$$edK____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

?hat i$ the minim!m cro$$ $ectiona area o" the d!ctiit' $pecimenK____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

?hat are the preca!tion$ taen hie carr'in# o!t d!ctiit' te$tK____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

,tate the IR= > I, re"erence$ "or the d!ctiit' te$tK____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________



45/80


EXPERIMENT NO.-

S&'TE"I"( P&I"T TEST

DATE :- __________

Reference:



46/80




47/80


Exper!ent "#$

%ETERMI"ATI&" &' S&'TE"I"( P&I"T &' ITUMI"&USMATERIAL

%ate:-))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))

1$ &*+ecte

To determine the $o"tenin# point o" &it!men > tar.


The $o"tenin# point o" &it!men or tar i$ the temperat!re at hich the $!&$tance attain$ a

partic!ar de#ree o" $o"tenin#. A$ per I, : 4-23/ + it i$ the temperat!re (in


48/80


coated ith a mi8t!re o" e!a part$ o" #'cerin and de8trin. A"ter cooin# "or 6 min!te$ in

air+ eve the materia in the rin# &' removin# the e8ce$$ ith a armed+ $harp ni"e.

(ii) A$$em&e the apparat!$ ith the rin#$+ thermometer and &a #!ide$ in po$ition.

(iii) Bi the &ath ith di$tied ater to a hei#ht o" 56 mm a&ove the !pper $!r"ace o" the

rin#$. The $tartin# temperat!re $ho!d &e 5


49/80



,o"tenin# point indicate$ the temperat!re at hich &inder$ po$$e$$ the $ame vi$co$it'.

it!mino!$ materia$ do not have a de"inite metin# point. Rather the chan#e o" $tate "rom

$oid to i!id i$ #rad!a and over a ide ran#e o" temperat!re. ,o"tenin# point ha$

partic!ar $i#ni"icance "or materia$ that are to &e !$ed a$ *oint and crac "ier$. Ji#her

$o"tenin# point en$!re$ that the' i not "o d!rin# $ervice. In #enera+ the hi#her the

$o"tenin# point+ the e$$er the temperat!re $!$cepti&iit'. it!men ith hi#her $o"tenin#

point ma' &e pre"erred in armer pace$.

9$ C#nc40#n:-

17$App4cat#n #f te tet:

,o"tenin# point i$ e$$entia' the temperat!re at hich the &it!mino!$ &inder ha$ an

e!a vi$co$it'. The $o"tenin# point o" tar i$ there"ore reated to the e!i vi$co!$

temperat!re (e.v.t).The $o"tenin# point dran "rom the rin# and &a apparat!$ i$

appro8imate' 6


50/80


A/n!ent

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

EXPERIMENT NO.-

VISC&SIT= TEST

DATE :- __________



51/80


Reference:



52/80




53/80


Exper!ent "#$

%ETERMI"ATI&" &' VISC&SIT= &' ITUMI"&US MATERIAL Reference:-IS: 1276, Part I -198

%ate:-))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))

1$ &*+ecte

To determine the vi$co$it' o" &it!mino!$ &inder.


1i$co$it' o" a "!id i$ the propert' &' virt!e o" hich it o""er$ re$i$tance to "o. Ji#her thevi$co$it'+ the $oer i &e the movement o" the i!id. The vi$co$it' a""ect$ the a&iit' o"the &inder to $pread+ move into and "i !p the void$ &eteen a##re#ate$. It a$o pa'$ animportant roe in coatin# o" a##re#ate$. Ji#h' vi$co!$ &inder ma' not "i !p the void$

compete' there&' re$!tin# in poor den$it' o" the mi8. At oer vi$co$it' the &inder doe$not hod the a##re#ate$ to#ether &!t *!$t act$ a$ !&ricant. The vi$co$it' o" &it!mino!$&inder$ "a$ ver' rapid' a$ the temperat!re ri$e$. ,ince &inder$ e8hi&it vi$co$it' over aider ran#e+ it i$ nece$$ar' to !$e di""erent method$ "or the determination o" vi$co$it'.Bor &inder$ in a i!id $tate (road tar$ and c!t&ac &it!mino!$)+ the vi$co$it' i$determined a$ the time in $econd$ &' 56 c. c. o" the materia to "o "rom a c!p thro!#h a$peci"ied ori"ice !nder $tandard condition$ o" te$t and at $peci"ied temperat!re.

3$ Apparat0

A$ per I,: 260 (Part I) -23/+ "ooin# e!ipment i$ re!ired:

(i) Tar vi$cometer: It con$i$t$ e$$entia' o" a c!p havin# a $peci"ied ori"ice and vave% aater &ath mo!nted on three e#$ havin# a $!ita&e $eeve "or the c!p+ a $tirrer and a$hied. The "ooin# i$ the detaied de$cription o" the di""erent part$ and acce$$orie$ o"tar vi$cometer.

a) =!p: It i$ made o" hard &ra$$ t!&e and "itted ith an e8terna &ra$$ coar at the!pper end o" the c'inder to $!pport the c!p. The &ottom o" c!p con$i$t$ o"circ!ar pho$phor-&ron;e pate $creed into the c'inder and made conica to"aciitate draina#e o" tar a"ter !$e. It i$ provided ith a per"ect' c'indricae8ten$ion o" diameter 26 mm and en#th 5 mm. ,ome vi$cometer$ have ori"iceo" 4 mm dia. (re"er Ta&e$ 2 and )

&) 1ave: It $erve$ to co$e the ori"ice o" c!p and i$ made o" pho$phor-&ron;e a$per the dimen$ion$ #iven in "i#!re.

c) ?ater &ath: It i$ made o" copper $heet+ i$ c'indrica in $hape+ a&o!t 206 mm.in diameter and 265 mm. in depth. It i$ mo!nted on three e!idi$tant e#$.

d) ,eeve to receive the c!p and to hod it in po$ition.

e) ,tirrer con$i$t$ o" "o!r vertica vane$.



54/80


") =!rved $hied: It i$ "i8ed to the !pper ed#e o" the c'inder and e8tend$ toithin a&o!t 5 mm o" the a$ o" the ater &ath. Thi$ $hied carrie$ an in$!atedhande "or rotatin# the $tirrer+ a $!pport "or a thermometer+ and a $iveed$!pport "or the vave.

(ii) Receiver: A 266 m. #rad!ated c'inder+ havin# an interna diameter o" not more than3 mm. It ha$ marin#$ on 5 m and 5 m eve$.

(iii)Thermometer: To thermometer$+ one "or &ath and another "or c!p. Themea$!rement ran#e $ho!d &e 6< to 44< = or ./< = to /


55/80


(i) Ad*!$t the tar vi$cometer $o that the top o" the tar c!p i$ eveed. ,eect thete$t temperat!re "rom Ta&e 2. Jeat the ater &ath to the temperat!re $peci"ied"or the te$t and maintain it ithin 9 6.2< = o" the $peci"ied temperat!rethro!#ho!t the d!ration o" te$t. Rotate the $tirrer #ent' at "re!ent interva$or per"ect' contin!o!$'.

(ii) =ean the tar c!p ori"ice o" the vi$cometer ith a $!ita&e $ovent and dr'thoro!#h'.

(iii) ?arm and $tir the materia !nder e8amination to 6< = a&ove the temperat!re$peci"ied "or te$t and coo+ hie contin!in# the $tirrin#.

(iv) ?hen the temperat!re "a$ $i#ht' a&ove the $peci"ied temperat!re+ po!r the tar intothe c!p !nti the evein# pe# on the vave rod i$ *!$t immer$ed hen the atter i$ vertica.

(v) Po!r into the #rad!ated receiver 6 m o" minera oi+ or one per cent &' ei#ht$o!tion o" $o"t $oap and pace it !nder the ori"ice o" the tar c!p.

(vi) Pace the other thermometer in the tar and $tir !nti the temperat!re i$ ithin 96.2


56/80


ii) Crade:

iii) ,peci"ied te$t temp+ < = F

iv) ,i;e o" ori"ice+ mm -

Sr$ "#$ Rea.n/ Tet 1 Tet 2

1$ Tet Te!perat0re

2$ T!e taen t# f4#> 7 cc #f te *n.er

3$ Vc#t Bec$@



The determination o" time o" "o o" &inder thro!#h the ori"ice #ive$ an indirect mea$!reo" vi$co$it' o" tar$ and c!t&ac$. Ji#her the d!ration o" "o+ #reater i$ the vi$co$it'.1i$co$it' o" &inder i$ one o" the criteria "or their ca$$i"ication. The vi$co$it' o" a partic!ar#rade o" road tar or c!t&ac &it!men $ho!d "a ithin the ran#e a$ #iven in Ta&e$ 2 and. inder$ havin# ver' o vi$co$it' can &e advanta#eo!$' !$ed in e8ceptiona' codeather condition$. Ji#h vi$co$it' &inder ha$ to &e heated &e"ore their appication.

9$ C#nc40#n:

17$ App4cat#n #f te tet:

1i$co$it' te$t #ive$ indirect mea$!re o" the vi$co$it' o" tar$ and c!t&ac$ in$econd$. Ji#her the d!ration+ more vi$co!$ i$ the materia. The determination o"



57/80


vi$co$it' &' ori"ice vi$cometer in $econd$ i$ an indirect mea$!re o" vi$co$it'. Thea&$o!te !nit o" vi$co$it' i$ d'ne-$econd$ per $!are cm or poi$e.

A/n!ent

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________



58/80


EXPERIMENT NO.-

'LAS; A"% 'IRE P&I"T TEST

DATE :- __________

Reference:



59/80




60/80


Exper!ent "#$

%eter!nat#n #f '4a P#nt An. 're P#nt #f t0!n#0Matera4

Reference:- IS : 1279-198

%ate:-)))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))

1$ &*+ecte

To determine "a$h point and "ire point o" the &it!mino!$ materia.


The "a$h point o" a materia i$ the oe$t temperat!re at hich the appication o" te$t

"ame ca!$e$ the vapo!r$ "rom the materia momentari' catch "ire in the "orm o" a

"a$h !nder $peci"ied condition$ o" te$t.

The "ire point i$ the oe$t temperat!re at hich the appication o" te$t "ame ca!$e$

the materia to i#nite and &!rn at ea$t "or 5 $econd$ !nder $peci"ied condition$ o" te$t+

At hi#h temperat!re$+ &it!mino!$ materia$ emit h'drocar&on vapo!r$ hich are

$!$cepti&e to catch "ire. There"ore the heatin# temperat!re o" &it!mino!$ materia@

$ho!d &e re$tricted to avoid ha;ardo!$ condition$. Ba$h point and "ire point te$t$ are

!$ed to determine the temperat!re to hich &it!mino!$ materia can $a"e' &e heated.

3$Apparat0

The apparat!$ a$ per I, : 263-23/ con$i$t$ o":

(i) Pen$'. Marten$ co$ed Te$ter con$i$tin# o" the "ooin# ma*or part$ :

Ba@C0p: It i$ made o" &ra$$+ the in$ide o" the c!p ma' &e t!rned to a $i#ht' ar#er

diameter a&ove the "iin# mar and the o!t$ide ma' &e tapered a&ove the "an#e. The

"an#e i$ a&o!t 2 mm in idth and appro8imate' mm in thicne$$. It i$ e!ipped

ith device$ "or ocatin# the po$ition o" the id on the c!p and the c!p *t$e" in the

$tove. A hande i$ attached to the "an#e o" the c!p.

B*@L.: It inc!de$ a $tirrin# device+ cover proper+ $h!tter and "ame e8po$!redevice.The $tirrin# device con$i$t$ o" a vertica $tee $ha"t o" .5 mm to mm diameter

and mo!nted in the centre o" the c!p. It carrie$ toSaded &ra$$ propeer$. =over

proper i$ made o" &ra$$ and "it$ the o!t$ide o" the c!p co$e'. It ha$ "o!r openin#$+



61/80


Openin# A ha$ an area de"ined &' area o" to concentric circe$. Openin#$ and =

are o" e!a area$ and appro8imate' ha" the an#!ar idth o" openin# A. Openin# D

i$ provided to #rip the thermometer coar.

Bc@ S0tter:.5 mm thic and made o" &ra$$. It i$ $o $haped and mo!nted that it

rotate$ on the a8i$ o" the hori;onta centre o" the id. On one e8treme po$ition+ theopenin#$ A+ and = o" the id are compete' co$ed and hen the other e8treme

po$ition+ the$e ori"ice$ are compete' opened.

Bame+ e8po$!re device - havin# a tip ith an openin# 6. to 6./ mm in diameter. The

device i$ e!ipped ith an operatin# mechani$m hich+ hen the $h!tter i$ in open

po$ition+ depre$$e$ the tip $o that the centre o" ori"ice i$ &eteen the pane$ o" the

!nder and the !pper $!r"ace$ o" the id proper. A piot "ame "or a!tomatic rei#htin# o"

the e8po$!re "ame $ho!d &e provided.

B.@ St#e: It con$i$t$ o" an air &ath and a top pate on hich the "n#e o" the c!p

re$t$.Air &ath ha$ a c'indrica interior+ 42. to 4. mm in depth. The air &ath ma' &e

either a "ame-heated meta ca$tin# or an eectric re$i$tance eement.

The top pate i$ made o" meta and it can &e attached to the air &ath ith the hep o"

three $cre$ in $!ch a manner to eave an air #ap.

Be@Ter!#!eters:Bor o ran#e va!e$+ it ha$ mea$!rement ran#e "rom -< to 226


62/80


"ame i$ oered in 6.5 $econd+ e"t in it$ oered po$ition "or one $econd and !ic'

rai$ed to it$ hi#h po$ition. Di$contin!e $tirrin# d!rin# the appication o" te$t "ame.

(vii)App' the te$t "ame initia' at a temperat!re 2


63/80


Pr#ce.0re

(i)Boo the $tep$ (i) to (v) a$ in 4.2

(ii) Note the temperat!re at hich a "a$h "ir$t appear$ at an' point on the $!r"aceo"

the materia.

(iii) =ontin!e heatin# !nti the oi i#nite$ and &!rn$ "or 5 min!te$. Record thi$temperat!re a$ "ire point.

(iv)The d!picate te$t re$!t$ $ho!d "a ithin the "ooin# ran#e.

Repeata&iit' Reprod!ci&iit'

Ba$h Point /Open

Sr$ Pr#pert Tet Mean

"#$ 1 2 3

2. Ba$h Point

. Bire Point

$ Interpretat#n #f Re04t

The determination o" "a$h point in hep"! in a$$e$$in# the $a"e imit$ o" heatin# the&it!men. The heatin# temperat!re o" &it!men $ho!d &e imited e &eo the "a$h

point.

8. C#nc40#n



64/80


A/n!ent

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________



65/80


EXPERIMENT NO.-

SPECI'IC (RAVIT= TEST '&R ITUME"

SAMPLE

DATE :- __________

Reference:

Exper!ent "#$:

Specfc (rat Tet f#r t0!en Sa!p4e

%ate:-

))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))

1$Intr#.0ct#n

The den$it' o" a &it!men &inder i$ a "!ndamenta propert' "re!ent' !$ed a$ an aid in

ca$$i"'in# the &inder$ "or !$e in pavin# *o&$. In mo$t appication$+ the &it!men i$



66/80


ei#hed+ &!t "ina' in !$e ith a##re#ate $'$tem+ the &it!men content i$ converted on

vo!me &a$i$. Th!$ an acc!rate den$it' va!e i$ re!ired "or conver$ion o" ei#ht to

vo!me. The $peci"ic #ravit' i$ #reat' in"!enced &' the chemica compo$ition o"

&inder. Increa$ed amo!nt$ o" aromatic t'pe compo!nd$ ca!$e an increa$e in the

$peci"ic #ravit'. The Te$t proced!re have &een $tanda"di;ed &' the I,I.The $peci"ic #ravit' i$ de"ined &' I,I a$ the ratio o" the ma$$ o" a #iven vo!me o" the

&it!mino!$ materia to the ma$$ o" an e!a vo!me o" ater+ the temperat!re o" &oth

&ein# $peci"ied a$ < = 9 6.2< =

2$App4cat#n #f Specfc (rat Tet #n t0!n#0 Matera4

A noed#e o" the correct $peci"ic #ravit' o" &it!mino!$ materia have main' to

appication$. Bir$t+ to convert the $peci"ied &it!men content &' ei#ht to vo!me &a$i$

hen the &inder i$ mea$!red &' vo!me. Jere it i$ nece$$ar' to no the coe""icient o"

e8pan$ion or the $peci"ic #ravit' va!e$ at di""erent temperat!re$.

,econd+ the $peci"ic #ravit' i$ !$e"! to identi"' the $o!rce o" a &it!mino!$ &inder. P!re

&it!men ha$ a $peci"ic #ravit' in the ran#e 6.3 to 2.6. (Ji#her penetration #rade

&it!men and c!t &ac &it!men have oer ran#e o" $peci"ic #ravit' va!e$). In ca$e the

&it!men contain$ minera imp!rit'+ the $peci"ic #ravit' i &e hi#her. Th!$ it i$ po$$i&e

"or a !aitative e$timation o" minera imp!rit' in &it!men. The $peci"ic #ravit' o" tar$

depend$ on the t'pe o" car&oni$ation proce$$ !$ed "or their prod!ction. 1ertica retort

tar$ have a $peci"ic #ravit' ran#e i. 26 to 2.25 herea$ hori;onta report and coe-

oven tar$ have va!e$ in the ran#e 2.2/ to 2.5

The Indian ,tandard In$tit!tion $peci"ie$ that the minim!m $peci"ic #ravit' va!e$ o"

pavin# &it!men at < = $ha &e 6.33 "or #rade$ A5+ A5+ A45+ A05+ and ,05+ 6.3/

"or A 36 and , 36 and 6.3 "or A 66 and , 66.

3$Apparat0

There are to method$ (i) P'nometer method (ii) aance method. Bor p'nometer

method+ the apparat!$ are $peci"ic #ravit' &otte o" 56 m capacit'+ ordinar' capiar'

t'pe ith 0 mm diameter nec or ide mo!thed capiar' t'pe &otte ith 5 mm

diameter nec can &e !$ed. Bor &aance method an ana'tica &aance e!ipped ith a

pan $tradde i$ !$ed.



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& F ei#ht o" the $peci"ic #ravit' &otte "ied ith di$tied ater.

c F ei#ht o" the $peci"ic #ravit' &otte a&o!t ha" "ied ith &it!mino!$ materia.

d F ei#ht o" the $peci"ic #ravit' &otte a&o!t ha" "ied ith the materia and the re$t

ith di$tied ater.

B@ a4ance Met#.

e

,peci"ic #ravit' F ---------------- (e - ")

?here+

e F ei#ht o" the dr' $pecimen

" F ei#ht o" the $pecimen hen immer$ed in di$tied ater.

6$Rec#r. 5 &*erat#n

a F ei#ht o" $peci"ic #ravit' &otte

& F ei#ht o" the $peci"ic #ravit' &otte "ied ith di$tied ater.

c F ei#ht o" the $peci"ic #ravit' &otte a&o!t ha" "ied ith &it!mino!$ materia.

d F ei#ht o" the $peci"ic #ravit' &otte a&o!t ha" "ied ith the materia and the re$t

ith di$tied ater.

e F ei#ht o" the dr' $pecimen

" F ei#ht o" the $pecimen hen immer$ed in di$tied ater.

Sr$ "#$ Pn#!eter Met#. a4ance Met#.

Sa!p4e 1 Sa!p4e 2 Sa!p4e 1 Sa!p4e 2

1

2

3

Specfc (rat



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$ C#nc40#n

A/n!ent

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

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________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________



70/80


EXPERIMENT NO.-

A((RE(ATE STRIPPI"( VALUE

DATE :- __________

Reference:

DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENINEERIN! ".#.P.COLLEE OF ENINEERIN $ POL%& 'ATARA 70


71/80


Exper!ent "#$ 8

%ETERMI"ATI&" &' STRIPPI"( VALUE &' R&A% A((RE(ATEBIS : 621-191@

%ate:-

)))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))

1$ &*+ecte

(i)To determine the $trippin# va!e o" a##re#ate$ !$ed in road con$tr!ction%

(ii) To a$certain the $!ita&iit' o" road a##re#ate$ "or &it!mino!$ road con$tr!ction.


Thi$ te$t i$ cond!cted to determine the e""ect$ o" moi$t!re !pon the adhe$ion o" the

&it!mino!$ "im to the $!r"ace partice$ o" the a##re#ate. Thi$ te$t i$ o" $i#ni"icant va!e

to a$certain the $!ita&iit' o" the to materia$ vi;. &it!men (&inder) and a##re#ate$+

&eca!$e one partic!ar a##re#ate ma' &e $ati$"actor' ith one &inder and

!n$ati$"actor' ith another% and the $ame &ein# tr!e "or the &inder$. The $peci"ication$

o" Mini$tr' o" Tran$portation and $hippin# recommend the determination o" $trippin#

va!e &' the $tatic immer$ion method in accordance ith I, : 042-232.

3$ Apparat0

(i) Thermo$tatica' controed ater &ath.

(ii) eaer$ o" capacit' 566m.

$ Pr#ce.0re



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(i) O&tain the materia that pa$$e$ thro!#h 5 mm $ieve and i$ retained on 2.5 mm

$ieve.

(ii)Dr'+ cean and *+ + ,i-/ *- */*+ + 150175 C *- 120150C /+iv *- ix

:i+ 5 / -+ ,i-/ , :i+ ; */*+.

(iii) A"ter compete coatin#+ ao the mi8t!re to coo at room temperat!re in cean dr'

&eaer.

(iv) Add di$tied ater to immer$e the coated a##re#ate$+

(v) =over the &eaer and eep it !ndi$t!r&ed in a thermo$tatic ater &ath at a

temperat!re 46< = "or a period o" 4 ho!r$.

(vi) E$timate the e8tent o" $trippin# &' vi$!a e8amination hie the $pecimen i$ $ti !nder

ater and e8pre$$ a$ the avera#e per cent area o" a##re#ate $!r"ace !ncoated.

Note: Three $ampe$ ma' &e te$ted $im!taneo!$' $o a$ to arrive at an avera#e va!e.

The $trippin# va!e i$ e8pre$$ed to the neare$t hoe n!m&er.

$ Preca0t#n:

(i)The a##re#ate$ $ho!d &e thoro!#h' dried &e"ore mi8in# ith &inder.

(ii)Di$tied ater $ho!d &e !$ed "or the te$t.

(iii)Mi8-!p o" the to $eparate $ampe$ $ho!d &e !ni"orm.

6$ Rec#r. #f &*erat#n :

i. T'pe o" A##re#ate F

ii. T'peo" &inder F

iii. G &inder !$ed F

iv. Tota t. o" a##re#ate F

v. Tota t. o" &inder F

vi. Temp+ o" ater &ath F

DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENINEERIN! ".#.P.COLLEE OF ENINEERIN $ POL%& 'ATARA

,ampe 2 ,ampe ,ampe

Percenta#e o" area o" a##re#ate

!ncoated &' immer$ion in ater

Avera#e $trippin# va!e

72


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74/80


EXPERIMENT NO.-

MARS;AL STAILIT= VALUE

DATE :- __________

Reference:



75/80


Exper!ent "#$

%ETERMI"ATI&" &' MARS;ALL STAILIT= VALUE

1$&*+ecte

i.To determine the den$it' - void$ ana'$i$ "or the #iven &it!mino!$ mi8t!re%

ii. To determine the $tren#th (Mar$ha$ ,ta&iit' 1a!e) and "e8i&iit' ("o va!e)

"or the #iven &it!mino!$ mi8t!re%

iii. To determine the $!ita&iit' o" the &it!mino!$ mi8t!re to meet the $peci"ied criteria "orthe $!r"ace co!r$e.


The te$t proced!re i$ !$ed in de$i#nin# and eva!atin# &it!mino!$ pavin#mi8e$+ and

i$ ide' appied in ro!tine te$t pro#ramme$ "or the pavin# *o&$. The ma*or "eat!re$ o" the

Mar$ha method o" de$i#nin# mi8e$ are to determine the to important propertie$ o"

$tren#th and "e8i&iit'.

,tren#th i$ mea$!red in term$ o" the Mar$ha$ ,ta&iit' o" the mi8 hich i$ de"ined

a$ the ma8im!m oad carried &' a compacted $pecimen at a $tandard te$t temperat!re o"

06< =. Thi$ temperat!re repre$ent$ the eae$t condition "or a &it!mino!$ pavement in

!$e. The "e8i&iit' i$ mea$!red in term$ o" the 'l&* "alue'hich i$ mea$!red &' the

chan#e in diameter o" the $ampe in the direction o" oad appication &eteen the $tart o"

oadin# and the time o" ma8im!m oad. In thi$ te$t an attempt i$ made to o&tain optim!m

&inder content "or the a##re#ate mi8 t'pe and tra""ic inten$it'.

3$Apparat0

The apparat!$ "or the Mar$ha $ta&iit' te$t con$i$t$ o" the "ooin#:

i.,pecimen Mo!d A$$em&' compri$in# mo!d c'inder$ 26 cm. diameter &' .5 cm.

hei#ht+ &a$e pate and e8ten$ion coar$. The' are de$i#ned to &e interchan#ed ith

either end o" c'indrica mo!d. Three mo!d c'inder$ are recommended.



76/80


ii. ,pecimen e8tractor "or e8tractin# the compacted $pecimen "rom the mo!d. A $!ita&e

&ar i$ re!ired to tran$"er oad "rom the e8ten$ion coar to the !pper provin# rin#

attachment hie e8tractin# the $pecimen.

iii. =ompaction hammer havin# a "at circ!ar tampin# "ace 4.5 7#. $idin# ei#ht

con$tr!cted to provide a "ree "a o" 45.6 cm. To compaction hammer$ are

recommended.

iv. =ompaction Pede$ta con$i$tin# o" a 6 8 6 8 45 cm. ooden &oc capped ith a 6

8 6 8 .5 cm. M, pate to hod the mo!d a$$em&' in po$ition d!rin# compaction. Mo!d

hoder i$ provided con$i$tin# o" $prin# ten$ion device de$i#ned to hod compaction mo!d

in pace on the compaction pede$ta.

v. Brea+ing ea.- The &reain# head con$i$t o" !pper and oer c'indica $e#ment$ or

te$t head$ havin# an in$ide radi!$ =!rvat!re o" 5 cm. The oer $e#ment i$ mo!nted on

a &a$e havin# to perpendic!ar #!ide rod$ hich "aciitate in$ertion in the hoe$ o" !pper

te$t $e#ment.

vi. Loadin# Machine.- Loadin# machine i$ provided ith a #ear $'$tem to i"t the !pard

direction. Precai&rated provin# rin# o" 5 tonne capacit' i$ "i8ed on the !pper end o" the

machine+ $pecimen contained in the te$t head i$ paced in &eteen the &a$e and the

provin# rin#. The oadin# *ac prod!ce$ a !ni"orm vertica movement o" 5 cm. per min!te.

Machine i$ capa&e o" rever$in# it$ movement donard a$o. Thi$ "aciitate$ ade!ate$pace "or pacin# te$t head $'$tem a"ter one $pecimen ha$ &a

tre manual modified

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