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Presentation On

Total Station Surveying

Binabh Devkota

binabhdevkota@gmail.com

Course: GEOM 201Teacher: Er. Basudev Bhandari

Introduction

• Total Station

-Digital instrument

-Combination of EDM, Digital Theodolite

and microprocessor

-Angle measurement

(horizontal and vertical)

-Distance measurement

(slope, horizontal, vertical)

-Direct co-ordinates calculation

-One of the most used modern instruments

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Terms Used In Total Station Survey

• Vertical axis: axis about which instrument can be rotated in horizontal plane

• Horizontal(trunnion) axis: axis about which instrument can be rotated in vertical plane

• Line of sight or line of collimation: line through intersection of cross hairs, optical center of object glass and continued

• Swinging: rotating 180⁰ in horizontal plane about vertical axis

• Transiting: rotating 180⁰ in vertical plane about horizontal axis

• Face left/right observation: observation done when vertical circle is left/right to observer

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Parts of Total Station

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Source: http://theconstructor.org/surveying/total-station-operation-uses-advantage/6605/

Temporary Adjustments

• Centering: process in which the vertical axis of the instrument is coincided with the plumb line

• Levelling: making the vertical axis of instrument truly vertical

• focusing: adjustment of telescope to obtain clear visibility of image through eyepiece and objective lens

5Source: http://www.usouthal.edu/geography/allison/GY301/Total%20Station%20Setup%20and%20Operation.pdf

Fundamental Measurements

• Distance

• Rotation of optical axis in horizontal

plane

• Inclination of optical axis in vertical

plane

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Source: http://www.minesurveyor.net/equiptotalstation.php

Source: https://www.alibaba.com/product-detail/PJK-CHEAP-NON-PRISM-TOTAL-STATION_60297734758.html

Additional Features

• Co-ordinate Calculation

• Remote Elevation Measurement

• Missing Line Measurement

• Recording of data

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Source: http://www.topcon.co.jp/en/positioning/products/product/ts00/GTS-250_E.html

Source: http://www.usouthal.edu/geography/allison/GY301/Total%20Station%20Setup%20and%20Operation.pdf

Applications

• Mining/Tunnelling

• Metrology

• Civil Engineering

• Control Surveying

• Topographical surveying

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Source: http://www.sudburyminingsolutions.com/new-total-station-offers-scanning-capability.html

Source: https://www.zenithsurvey.co.uk/category/leica-builder/

References

• Punimia, D. B., Jain, K. A., & Jain, K. A. (2005). SURVEYING VOL. I. Jodhpur: Laxmi Publications (P) LTD

• Hoffman, A. (2013, March 22). The Total Station & Land Surveys: A Background Story. Retrieved October 13, 2016, from GODFREY HOFFMAN ASSOCIATES: http://www.godfreyhoffman.com/civil-engineering-blog/bid/278047/the-total-station-land-surveys-a-background-story

• surveyhistory.org. (n.d.). The Surveyor's Basic Tools. Retrieved January 20, 2017, from Survey History: http://www.surveyhistory.org/the_surveyor's_basic_tools.htm

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