The two kingdoms of bacteria:

Archaebacteria&

Eubacteria

What type of cells?

• Prokaryotes: cells do not have a nucleus

• Eukaryotes: cells have a nucleus

• All bacteria are prokaryotes.

How many cells?

• All bacteria are unicellular.

How do they reproduce?

• Binary fission: simple cell division in which one cell splits into two

• Is this sexual or asexual reproduction?

What shapes are bacteria?

• Most bacteria have a cell wall that determines the shape of the bacteria.

• There are three main shapes of bacteria:

Shapes

Bacilli

What are eubacteria?

• Consumers: obtain energy from other organisms– Decomposers: get energy from dead

organisms– Parasites: invade other cells to obtain food

• Producers: make their own food– Some use photosynthesis

What are archaebacteria?

• Live in places with very harsh conditions.• Three kinds:

– Methane makers: excrete methane and are found in swamps

– Heat lovers: live in places of very high temperature such as ocean vents

– Salt lovers: live in places of very high salt concentration such as the Dead Sea

Bellringer

• How do bacteria reproduce?

• Binary fission

Bacteria

• Prokaryotes (no nucleus)• Unicellular• Reproduce asexually (binary fission)• Three shapes: spirillia,cocci, and bacilli

Bacteria in the world

The good, the bad, and the ugly.

The Good…for the environment

• Bacteria are essential to the environment.• They take nitrogen out of the air and turn it

into a form that can be used by plants in a process called nitrogen fixation.

• Decomposing bacteria break down dead things and recycle those nutrients so that they are available to other organisms.

The Good… for people

• Bacteria have been manipulated to produce antibiotics to fight different bacteria.

• Bacteria have been manipulated to produce other drugs such as insulin.

The Good…for people

• Bacteria are used in dairy processing to add flavor and add preservatives.

The Bad

• Strep throat• Pneumonia• Tuberculosis• Leprosy• Bubonic plague• Food poisoning• Anthrax