the role of escs in enhancing civil dialogue and citizen engagement based on unpacs studies division...

The role of ESCs in enhancing civil dialogue and citizen engagement

based on UNPACS studies

Division for Public Administration and Development Management (DPADM/DESA)

Ms. Arpine Korekyan Governance and Public Administration Officer

Development Management Branch (DMB)

Rabat, Morocco, 11 December 2014

Outline of the presentationOutline of the presentation What do we mean by civic

participation and citizen engagement (CE)?

UNPACS findings on ESCs as promoters of CE

Types and functions of ESC supporting CE

Conclusionshttp://www.unpan.org/dpadm/ .. 2

Outline of the presentationOutline of the presentation What do we mean by civic

participation and citizen engagement (CE)?




UN Conference on Sustainable UN Conference on Sustainable Development Development

stressed effective governance at local, national, regional and global levels as representing the voices and interests of all

resolved to enhance participation and effective engagement of civil society Source: http://www.un.org/ga/search/view_doc.asp?symbol=A/RES/66/288&Lang=E

http://www.unpan.org/dpadm/ .. 5

Citizen ParticipationCitizen ParticipationUN Public Administration Glossary:

“…implies the involvement of citizens in a wide range of policymaking activities, including the determination of levels of service, budget priorities, and the acceptability of physical construction projects in order to orient government programs toward community needs, build public support, and encourage a sense of cohesiveness within neighborhoods.

UN World Public Sector Report 2008 http://www.unpan.org/Directories/UNPublicAdministrationGlossary/tabid/928/language/en-US/Default.aspx

Citizen engagementCitizen engagement


UNDESA/DPADM working definition:

Citizen engagement in public administration implies the involvement of citizens in decision-making process of the State – through measures and/or institutional arrangements - so as to increase their influence on public policies and programmes ensuring a more positive impact on their social and economic lives.

Source: Working definition for the United Nations Public Administration Country Studies(UNPACS) - Citizen Engagement Research And Content Development Methodology

What do we mean by civic participation and citizen engagement (CE)?




UNPACS – 193 Member UNPACS – 193 Member StatesStates Attempt to capture key

aspects of institutionalization of Citizen Engagement.

Are organized around four dimensions or variables of public administration: (i) policy and regulatory

frameworks; (ii) organizational frameworks; (iii) channels and modalities; and (iv) cases of effective practices;

Provide comparative information for 193 Member States

Information Consultation Decision-Making

Citizen Engagement in Citizen Engagement in Managing Development Managing Development (DPADM model)(DPADM model)


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Freedom of Information Act

Data Protection Act

Economic and Social Council - Legislation

INFORM CONSULT DECISION-MAKING

Economic and Social Council - Institution

Information Commissioner

Privacy Commissioner

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Legislation on CE in D-M process

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UNPACS Research & Analysis UNPACS Research & Analysis - CE- CE


Freedom of Information-Freedom of Information-LegislationLegislation


Countries with ESC (or similar) Legislations and Institutions (by region)

Year of Enactment of ESC Year of Enactment of ESC LegislationLegislation

ESCs by type of ESCs by type of legislationlegislation

Type of Legislation # PercentageLaw 26 40.0%Decree 11 16.9%Constitution 9 13.8%Constitution and Law 9 13.8%Decree and Law 2 3.1%Agreement b/w government and other parties 1 1.5%Cabinet Decision 1 1.5%Constitution and Decree 1 1.5%Established on an accord of the National Interest Council 1 1.5%Government Agreement 1 1.5%Kenya Gazette Notice No. 7699 1 1.5%Ordinance 1 1.5%Statutes and Standing Orders of ESC plenary session 1 1.5%

Total 65 100.0%


ESC Legislations on Citizen ESC Legislations on Citizen EngagementEngagement


MOROCCO: MOROCCO: Consultation to gov’tConsultation to gov’t The Economic, Social and Environmental

Council (ESEC) established in 2011(by Royal Decree No. 1-10-28 of

Rabii I 1431) Promotes and strengthens consultation and cooperation

among economic and social partners, and contributes to the development of a Social Charter (Art. 2 of Organic Law No° 60-09).


REPUBLIC OF KOREA: REPUBLIC OF KOREA: tripartite tripartite discussionsdiscussions The Economic and Social Development

Commission (ESDC) formerly established as Korea Tripartite

Commission 1998 (Law N. 5990). In January 2007, the Act on the Korea

Tripartite Commission was amended and promulgated with the Act on the Economic and Social Development Commission (Law N. 8297).

The purpose of establishment of the ESDC: discussion of labor policies and matters related to them on the basis of the spirit of mutual trust and cooperation among the three parties, as well as providing advice to the President when necessary (Art.1)


Established in 1995 by decree,

consolidated in 2001 by Law Aimed at ensuring participation of

the various social partners in the governmental economic and social policies; and consensus and cooperation both between the government and these groups

The ESC submits opinions, views and reports to the Government, the Parliament, the President and the public, on its own initiative

TURKEY: TURKEY: Social Dialogue/Advisory Social Dialogue/Advisory functionfunction

1962 - EC was established (amended in 1986 and1994) 2007 - Act N. 574 - structurally reformed the EC 2012 - Act N. 583 - a new interrelated body was

established - the Environment Economic Council (EEC), which shares its Presidency and secretariat with the EC.

EC’s main task is to monitor the country's economic development, illustrate the long-term development perspectives and help to coordinate different economic interests and the EEC.

The latter is tasked to analyze the interaction between economy and environment, and the effectiveness of environmental performance.

Consultative processes are structured around the report publication process.

ESC can make arrangements with other institutions or individuals who could conduct research preparatory researches and studies.

DENMARK: DENMARK: Advising and monitoring Advising and monitoring functionfunction

Economic and Social Council Established in 2004 (Act No. 18)promotes the goals of economic growth and development, participation in economic decision-making and social equity, to reach consensus and conclude internal agreements on matters pertaining to social policy, and to advise the Government on significant changes to social and economic policy; seeks to build national consensus on critical issues affecting the population

ANTIGA AND BARBUDA: ANTIGA AND BARBUDA: inter-sectoral inter-sectoral dialogue dialogue

RUSSIA: RUSSIA: state-citizens interactions state-citizens interactions Civic Chamber of the Russian Federationestablished in 2005 (Law No 32)provides for the interaction of citizens of the Russian Federation and public associations with federal state power bodies, state power bodies of the subjects of the Russian Federation and local self-government bodies for the purposes of taking account of the needs and interests of citizens of the Russian Federation and the rights of public associations in devising and implementing state policy for purposes of exercising public control over the activity of federal executive bodies, executive bodies of the subjects of the Russian Federation and of local self government bodies, as well as for the purpose of assisting the implementation of the state policy in respect of ensuring human rights at compulsory detention places (Art. 1).

Economic and Social Council Established in 2001(Act 41), amended in 2003 and 2008The goals of the Council are: to provide the participation of a wide circle of representatives of the civil society in the public and economic life, strengthening the principles of the constitutional democratic and social state; to serve as a permanent institutional form of social and civil dialogue and of the consultations on economic and social policies; to answer to the legal aspirations of social and economic groups; and to strengthen the principles of participatory democracy (Art. 2).

BULGARIA: participatory BULGARIA: participatory functionsfunctions

Increasing number of establishing ESC in countries over the last 15+ years

Proportionally, almost half of the European countries have ESC (the highest proportion among five regions)

Mostly laws and decrees are enacted to establish ESCs

Functions, types, and structures of ECSs greatly varies, however, majority have consultative and advisory functions and some form of procedure for engaging citizens and public interest groups

ESCs have a great potential for enhancing social dialogue and CE

ConclusionsConclusions

Contact: Ms. Arpine KorekyanGovernance and Public Administration Officer,

Development Management Branch, DPADM, [email protected]+1 212-963-5982

▪▪ 谢谢谢谢 ▪▪ thank you thank you ▪▪ merci merci ▪▪ bienvenidos bienvenidos ▪ ▪ شكراشكراgraciasgracias

Questions? Questions?

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