The Industrial Revolution

Pages 222 - 225

The Industrial Revolution• How did the completion of the Erie Canal impact

the expanding United States and New York City? • How did the development of the steamboat, the

locomotive, and the telegraph impact the American economy and commerce?

• How did improvements in transportation and communication affect the Native Americans?

• How were jobs created and eliminated by the introduction of the steamboat, railroad and telegraph in America?

Vocabulary

• Industrial Revolution period of invention

• cotton gin used to remove

seeds from cotton

Vocabulary• interchangeable parts

pieces made the same or standard size

• reapera machine with sharp

blades to cut grain

• steam engineengines that run on

steam

Vocabulary

• Textile

a type of cloth

• Entrepreneur a person who takes risks in business

What was the Industrial Revolution?

• The Industrial Revolution was a time when inventors created machines that began to do the work that people once did.

• The Industrial Revolution changed the way people worked, traveled and lived.

What are some of the inventions that came from the Industrial Revolution?

Eli Whitney invented the cotton gin that cleaned seeds from cotton and made cotton an important cash crop in the south.

He also created interchangeable parts that would fit into more than one product.

Textile mills were built in towns to weave cotton into cloth all in one place. These mills gave everyone some type of job including women and children.

What are some of the inventions that came from the Industrial Revolution?

Robert Fulton invented the steamboat. It had a steam powered engine that move the boat faster.

George Stephenson invented the steam locomotive. It had a steam powered engine that replaced the horses that used to pulled trains along iron rails.

Samuel Morse invented the

telegraph. This was an invention that worked by a person tapping out a series of pulses that would send a current that traveled through a wire to another location. The person on the other end would hear the taps created by the pulses and be able to translate the message.

How did the Industrial Revolution change farming and travel?

Farming became much easier because of machines that were invented. The reaper cut grain which created a need for less farmers to grow food. Many farmers began moving to cities.

Travel became much faster with the invention of the steam engine which produced more power than a team of horses and could pull heavier loads.

Robert Fulton designed a steam engine boat that could travel almost 4 times faster than boats without steam engines.

How did the Industrial Revolution change farming?

Farming became much easier because of machines that were invented.

The reaper cut grain which created a need for less farmers to grow food. Many farmers began moving to cities.

The cotton gin also decreased the amount of time needed to clean the cotton. As a result, cotton became a large cash crop for the south.

How did the Industrial Revolution change transportation?

Travel became much faster with the invention of the steam engine which produced more power than a team of horses and could pull heavier loads.

Robert Fulton designed a steamboat that could travel almost 4 times faster than boats without steam engines.

George Stephenson built the first steam locomotive which was a new kind of train that did not need horses to pull it. Trains became the main form of transportation in the United States.

How did the completion of the Erie Canal impact the expanding United States and New York City?

• In 1817, the construction of the Erie Canal was begun, and it opened in 1825.

• It was 363 miles long and connected the Lake Erie to the Hudson River.

• It was so successful that New York City quickly became the largest and most important port.

• For a few years, it was important to the U.S. economy until canals became less important.

How did the development of the steamboat, the locomotive, and the telegraph impact the

American economy and commerce?

• The steamboat could move more people in less time through water.

• The invention of the steam locomotive also could move more people in less time across land.

• The invention of the telegraph increased the speed of communication. People did not have to wait weeks and months to get messages.

How did improvements in transportation and communication affect the Native Americans?

• Improved transportation allowed more people to move westward and settle into areas that were once only occupied by Native Americans.

• Improved communication allowed information to travel quicker.

How were jobs created and eliminated by the introduction of the steamboat, railroad,

and telegraph in America?

• More work was being done in less amounts of time which required less people to do manual labor. For example, less farmers were needed, so they moved to the city to look for work.

• New types of jobs were created because of the different way that people worked with the machines that were invented. More goods were being produced that needed to be packaged and shipped out to be sold.