the data revolution and the 2030 agenda for sustainable ... · the data revolution and the 2030...

ALICIA BÁRCENA EXECUTIVE SECRETARY

The data revolution and the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development: challenges and opportunities

for national statistical institutes in Latin America and the Caribbean

The data revolution and the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development Alicia Bárcena

What does the 2030 Agenda propose?

• A civilizational agenda that puts people at the centre, cares for the planet and aims to achieve shared prosperity

• A universal agenda that propounds growth to achieve equality and equality to achieve growth, with quality standards beyond well-being thresholds

o Completely eradicate extreme poverty and hunger by 2030

o Universalize rights, social protection, education and health care

o Drive inclusion from within the labour system and promote decent work

o Equalize by building human capacities

o Protect terrestrial and marine environmental integrity

o Collective global action to protect the biosphere (stop climate change) and common resources (oceans, biodiversity, forests)

o Gender equality

o Holistic vision and links between peace, security, rights and development

o Closing information asymmetries through modern institutions

o A global compact for financing and technology transfer


The SDGs: 17 Goals – 169 targets

•Requires good-quality data and statistics •Access to open and impartial public information on geography, demographics, and economic, social and environmental data •Follow-up and accountability •Innovation and technology


Equality as the central pillar of sustainable development

• Inequality is not inevitable

• Critical tensions that must be resolved: o Culture of privileges/culture of equality o Distribution of productivity gains between capital and labour

(wage burden) o Rentism-extractivism vs. natural resources governance, ecosystems

and cities

• Multidimensional, comprehensive approach to development: social inclusion, environmental sustainability and economic growth need not be at odds with each other

• Global compacts are needed on fiscal, technological, financial, trade and environmental cooperation


• Reorganization of the global economy and international politics

in trade blocs: TPP, TTIP, RCEP, BRICS

• Decoupling of the financial economy from the real economy

• Technology revolution without precedent

• Tendency towards global inequality

• An uneven demographic transition: some countries have a demographic dividend, others have an ageing population

• Large-scale migration as a result of disasters, wars and inequality

• Urbanization: 80% of the population lives in cities

• Growing ecological footprint

• Vulnerability to climate change and to natural disasters (cumulative cost of US$ 350 billion)

• Conflicts, violence and insecurity

Global tectonic shifts


• Better data capture and combination of sources: administrative

record, surveys censuses, etc.

• Innovative measurements and statistical methodology

• Geospatial perspective

• Accessible formats: open data

• Big data: from the private to the public

• Digital economy: from the consumer Internet to the industrial Internet

• Open government (State): “nothing about us without us”

The data revolution


• Explosion of data volume, the speed of its production, the number of producers, its dissemination and the range of topics on which data exist in real time • Data are produced from both new technologies and other sources (qualitative data, citizen-generated data and data on subjective perceptions) • There is a growing demand from all sectors of society for data

The data revolution includes

Source: A World That Counts: Mobilising a Data Revolution for Sustainable Development, United Nations, 2014.


The MDGs encouraged the generation of more and better data

Source: A World That Counts: Mobilising a Data Revolution for Sustainable Development, United Nations, 2014.


Traditional methods are still relevant: lessons from the MDGs

• Robust basic statistics

• Inter-agency arrangements at the national and regional levels

• Intersectoral coordination

• Strengthened national statistical systems

• Measuring synergies between sectors: links between employment and education, access to employment and inequality, production and consumption patterns and low-carbon development paths

• Mainstreaming development priorities in national plans and budgets

• Improving dissemination and access to information online for transparency and accountability


How can the region tap the data revolution for implementing

the 2030 Agenda?


• A paradigm leap to improve measurements and broaden the approach to well-being and environmental sustainability •Better data, statistics and geographical information •A new digital economy •A compact between the State, the market and society

What is needed to measure progress on a universal and integrated agenda?


• Integrating new and traditional data to produce timely, relevant, high-quality and more detailed information for multiple purposes and users • Making data more useful through increased openness and transparency, avoiding invasion of privacy, and minimizing inequality in data production, access and use • Developing new ecosystems between stakeholders in government, the market and society • Empowering people and ensuring open data • Making better policies and decisions, increasing participation and accountability/open government – for better outcomes for people and the planet

How to go about it?


How to measure well-being and sustainability?

• Atlas of environmental and climate vulnerability

• Natural resources

• Risk maps

• Early warning systems

• Objective and subjective well-being measurements:

• Time use

• Livability

• Security and violence

• Citizen perceptions

• The multidimensionality of

well-being requires measuring

other dimensions to evaluate

vulnerability and inequality

beyond the average figures:

• Income

• Employment with rights

• Access to public goods: health,

water, housing

• Educational attainments

• Environment and quality of life

• Food, climate and energy security


SDG10: Income inequality beyond Gini, capturing functional concentration (division between capital and

labour)

LATIN AMERICA (13 COUNTRIES): VARIATION IN GINI INDEX AND WAGES RELATIVE TO GDP, 2002 AND 2009

Gini index

Share of wages in GDP (Percentages)

Source: Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (ECLAC), on the basis of CEPALSTAT, National Institute of Statistics and Censuses (INDEC) of Argentina, and the central banks of Costa Rica, Guatemala and Uruguay.


Strategic links: education - employment

Source: ECLAC, Social Panorama, 2010

LATIN AMERICA (18 COUNTRIES): MONTHLY LABOUR INCOME OF THE EMPLOYED POPULATION BY AGE GROUP AND LEVEL OF EDUCATION

(Dollars at 2000 prices in purchasing power parity)

Design a new generation of social policies

Investment in innovation, education and employment for youth segments, generating solid bases for achieving structural change for equality

Care policies that free up women’s time for full incorporation into the labour market


SDG5: Gender and ethnic inequalities a third of women without income of their own, and higher poverty among indigenous

populations

LATIN AMERICA (17 COUNTRIES): POPULATION WITHOUT OWN INCOME,

BY SEX, NATIONWIDE, 2012 (Percentages)

Source: ECLAC, on the basis of special tabulations of data from household surveys.

LATIN AMERICA (7 COUNTRIES): POVERTY AND INDIGENCE RATES IN INDIGENOUS AND NON-INDIGENOUS POPULATIONS,

AROUND 2012 (Percentages)

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

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Chile (2011)

Peru (2012)

Bolivia (Plur.State of) (2011)

Mexico (2012)

Ecuador (2012)

Guatemala (2006)

Panama (2010)

Poor Indigent


Map

Vulnerability of large cities

to climate hazards, 2010

SDG13 Strengthen resilience and adaptive capacity to climate-related hazards and natural disasters in all countries

Source: Nieves López Izquierdo, Associate Consultant UNEP/GRID-Arendal, [online] http://www.grida.no/graphicslib/detail/vulnerability-of-large-cities-to-climate-hazards_cb5f


SDG. 16. Access to information, justice and citizen participation

Extractive industry projects in indigenous territories

(mining and hydrocarbons)

Over 200 conflicts

Conflicts over mining Conflicts over hydrocarbons


SDG16, target 16.5 Substantially reduce corruption and bribery in all their forms


Cloud computing

Internet of Things

Big data Data analytics

A new digital economy

Source: The new digital revolution: from the consumer Internet to the industrial Internet (ECLAC, 2015)


Use of big data: citizen concerns

according to Twitter

Source: UN Global Pulse - http://post2015.unglobalpulse.net/


The region is closing digital gaps

Source: The new digital revolution: from the consumer Internet to the industrial Internet (ECLAC, 2015).

LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN AND ORGANIZATION FOR ECONOMIC COOPERATION AND DEVELOPMENT (OECD) COUNTRIES: A INTERNET USERS, 2006-2014

(Percentages of the total population)


Value chain of digital content and services in the region

Source: The new digital revolution: from the consumer Internet to the industrial Internet (ECLAC, 2015).

Content creation

Applications development

Communication applications

Aggregation platform

Equipment and networks

Hosting/

Portal Transport

Device/

Terminal

Revenues

Employees

Effective tax rate

US$ 9.242 B

9,700

11,78%

US$ 25.227 B

21,026

14.74%

US$ 49.217B

589,356

33.24%

US$ 16.631B

10,836

15.19%


The critical role of the Statistical Conference of the Americas as a

bridge between the global level and national statistical systems


Challenges at the global level

The United Nations Statistical Commission and the Inter-Agency Expert Group (IAEG) should:

• Consider specific regional and subregional characteristics pinpointed by the Statistical Conference of the Americas of ECLAC

• Represent the different visions vis-à-vis the Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC) and the High-level Political Forum on Sustainable Development

• Guide the follow-up criteria of the Global Partnership on Sustainable Development Data


Challenges at the national level • Strengthen the role and autonomy of national statistical institutes and

systems

• Build technical capacities and secure technological and financial resources for collection, processing and dissemination of statistics over long time series

• Identify gaps in data and statistics for measuring SDGs

• Disaggregate data by gender

• Encourage greater use of administrative records and non-traditional data and statistics

• Improve georeferencing tools

• Promote open data and optimize their visualization

• Tap big data

• Establish national ecosystems on data and statistics


At the regional level

• Promote a regional platform on data and statistics for sustainable development

• Dialogue on regional monitoring and follow-up of the SDGs

• Generate data principles and standards

– Quality, integrity and timeliness of data

– Disaggregation of data, ease of use and organization

– Resources, capacity and technology

– Protection, privacy and data rights

• Reduce gaps in data access, use and literacy

• Strengthen regional and national data ecosystems and data innovation networks, engaging the private sector and civil society

• Promote regional and South-South cooperation and systems for exchanging data at the regional and interregional levels


The Statistical Conference of the Americas of ECLAC

• Promote the preparation of national and regional statistical development strategies

• Foster the creation of a national inter-agency and intersectoral architecture at the highest level to help set up the forums needed to implement national monitoring mechanisms and facilitate interaction with relevant regional and international bodies

• Strengthen national and regional capacities with a view to ensuring the availability and dissemination of good-quality data —both traditional and non-traditional— for a reliable follow-up and review framework for the SDGs

• Boost the real capacity of national statistical systems to respond to the demands of the 2030 Agenda

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