The 1.5 generation

• an underexplored generation

• with childhoods in two societies

• migrated before the age of majority

• experienced schools in two countries

Sources: CFO 2014 & Nagasaka 2015 forthcoming

Number of registered Filipino emigrants aged 19 or younger (1981-2013)

Number of registered Filipino emigrants aged 13-19 years by country of destination (1988-2012)

& Nagasaka 2015 forthcoming

Filipino migrants in France (2000-2013)

Source: CFO 2000-2014

Composition of the Filipino migrant population in France based on migration status (2013)

Source: CFO 2014

• 595 migrants aged 0-17 years were born in the Philippines (INSEE 2010)

• 101 youngsters aged 13-19 years migrated to France between 1988 and 2012 (CFO n.d.)

• a statistical discrepancy rooted in the availability of “unofficial channel” of migration from RP to France

1.5-generation Filipinos

Mobilities experiences of 1.5-generation Filipinos

mobility across familial contexts

from family separation to reunification

mobility across administrative contexts

from legality to irregularity of juridical status

mobility across social contexts

schooling “there” and “here”

Future transnationalism or not?

in France

• pursuing their autonomy and independence

• establishing their professional career

• living permanently there

in the Philippines

• helping some kin members to emigrate to France

• visits there from time to time

in other countries

• travelling or working

If I were there [in the Philippines] right now, three possibilities would come to me. First one, first one, I would maybe impregnate my girlfriend, and I would be a daddy now. Second one, I could be arrested or become drug addict. Third one, I could be killed or have an accident.

Tito, 23 years old

Palgrave August 2015 forthcoming

‘Mobile Childhoods’ takes the

readers across the Philippine

diaspora to provide an important bird

eye's view on the experiences of the

1.5 generation vis a vis schools,

labor market and families. This

volume significantly advances our

understanding of migration in a

global society.’Rhacel Salazar Parreñas

University of Southern California, USA