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Succession
Primary Succession
The establishment and development of an • The establishment and development of an ecosystem in an area that was previously uninhabited
Lichensand
mosses
GrassesAndsmall shrubs
Large shrubs and small trees
Large trees
Surtsey: A Case Study• The island of Surtsey formed by volcanic eruption off of the coast of Iceland during the period from 1963 - 1967
Surtsey – Post Eruption
Surtsey Today
Secondary Succession
The recovery of a damaged ecosystem in an • The recovery of a damaged ecosystem in an area where the soil was left intact
Fireweed Sequoia seedling
Case Study: Yellowstone National Park1988 – Devastating forest fires burn much of Yellowstone National Park.
Photo: National Parks Service
Yellowstone National Park
1988 – Park mapshowing areas
(1.6 million acres)burned by theseries of fires.
Yellowstone National Park1988 fires – The immediate aftermath.
Photo: National Parks Service
Yellowstone National Park
• One year after the fires
• Note the appearance of fireweed
Photo: National Parks Service
Yellowstone National Park• Ten years after the fires (1998)
Photo: National Parks Service
Yellowstone National Park• Twenty years after the fires (2008)
Case Study - Chernobyl
• In April, 1986, a nuclear power plant in the former USSR experienced a core meltdown and a catastrophic release of radioactivity into the environment.
Chernobyl
• Surrounding towns and villages had to be immediately, permanently abandoned.
Chernobyl – Twenty Years Later
Chernobyl – Twenty Years Later
Pripyat town square.
Chernobyl – Twenty Years Later
Pripyat Soccer Stadium opened in 1986.
Chernobyl – Twenty Years Later
A local highway.