Social Studies Our Land & Resources Lesson 2 & 4Physical features: include land, water, climate, and plant life.Mountain range:is a chain of mountains. The Appalachian Mountains in the eastern United States are low and rounded. The Rocky Mountains in the west are tall and sharply pointed.Valley:is a low area of land that lies between hills or mountains. Plateau: is a landform with steep sides that rise to a flat top.Vegetation: or plant life, in a place is another physical feature. Vegetation is affected by the climate. Cactuses grow well in hot, dry places. Palm trees grow well in hot, wet places.Growing season, or the time when plants can grow. Places with short, warm winters have longer growing seasons.Erosionis the wearing away of Earths surface. Water, wind, and sand can all cause erosion.Ecosystemis made up of the plants, animals, land, water, and climate that make up an area.Natural resourceis something from nature that people can use, such as trees, water, and soil.Minerals are other natural resources that are found underground. Gold, iron, copper, and salt are some of Earths many minerals.Renewableresource is one that can be made again by nature or people. Trees and other plants are renewable resources.Nonrenewableresource cannot be made again quickly by nature or people. Minerals are nonrenewable. It might take thousands of years for Earth to replace a mineral that has been used.Fuelis a natural resource that is burned to make heat or energy.Human featuresare things that people add to the landscape, such as buildings, bridges, and roads. Communities are affected by their environments.Adapt: or change, their ways of life to fit their environments. In hot climates, they wear loose clothing to help them stay cool. In cold climates, people adapt their ways of transportation to the snow.Natural disasteris an event in nature that causes great harm to people and damages their property. Earthquakes can damage buildings and roadways. Tornadoes can knock down trees and damage houses. Hurricanes can also destroy houses, cause flooding, and knock down trees and power lines.Modify or change, people modify their environment to meet their needs or to do their jobs. They add human features, such as buildings, roads, farms, and mines.Tunnelis a path that runs under something. Digging tunnels is one way to speed up transportation. The Channel Tunnel, or Chunnel, lets high-speed trains travel under the waterway between Britain and France. The trip takes only 20 to 35 minutes!Canalis a waterway dug across land. Building canals is another way to speed up transportation. The Panama Canal cuts across the narrow strip of land that connects North America and South America. The canal was built to let ships travel a shorter distance between the Atlantic Ocean and Pacific Ocean. The canal trip takes 8 to 10 hours, but this is much faster than sailing around South America.Irrigationis the moving of water to dry areas.Mines can be either deep tunnels dug into the ground or open pit mines. Open pit mines are carved into the surface by earth-moving machines.Damsare huge structures built to hold back water.Reservoir or human-made lake used for collecting and storing water. Called the Lake of the Ozarks, it is a place where people enjoy fishing and water sports.Hydroelectric power water falling through the dam turns machines that produce electricity.Wind turbines windmills that use the wind power for electricity, turns thousands of windmills into electricity making machines.

Social Studies Test Our Land & Resources Written questionswindwaterplateausplateaulandnon-renewable1. What is a large, flat landform that rises above the land around it?2. What covers most of the earth?3. Water, forests and ___________ are *natural resources".4. The environmentis made up of the air, __________, water and living things 5. Mountains, __________ and plains are examples oflandforms6. What Gold is an example of what kind of resources?

Matching questions1. an earthen or concrete structure that holds back water2. the physical and human features that make up a place3. a human-made lake used for collecting or storing water4. to change5. something that people add to a landscape6. a path that runs through or under something7. a human-made waterway dug across land8. an event in nature that causes great harm or damage to people and their property9. the moving of water to dry areas1. A dam2. B adapt3. C environment4. D canal5. E reservoir6. F tunnel7. G irrigation8. H natural disaster9. I human feature

Multiple choice questions1. Physical processesa. Low area of land between hills or mountains.b. Plant life is vegetation. Vegetation is affected by the climate.c. Landform with steep sides that rise to a flat top.d. Physical processes are what changes the Earth and affect all things on Earth.Ecosystema. Places that make Earth special. They include water, land, climate and plant life.b. A long stretch of mountains, like the Appalachian or Rocky Mountains.c. An ecosystem is made up of the plants, land, water, animals and climate in a place. Plants and animals need each other in an ecosystem.d. Low area of land between hills or mountains.Vegetationa. Plant life is vegetation. Vegetation is affected by the climate.b. Physical processes are what changes the Earth and affect all things on Earth.c. Landform with steep sides that rise to a flat top.d. Low area of land between hills or mountains.Growing seasona. Low area of land between hills or mountains.b. Physical processes are what changes the Earth and affect all things on Earth.c. An ecosystem is made up of the plants, land, water, animals and climate in a place. Plants and animals need each other in an ecosystem.d. The time of year when plants grow in a place is called the growing season. Places with short, warm winters have longer growing seasons.Mountain rangea. Landform with steep sides that rise to a flat top.b. A long stretch of mountains, like the Appalachian or Rocky Mountains.c. Plant life is vegetation. Vegetation is affected by the climate.d. Low area of land between hills or mountains.Plateaua. Plant life is vegetation. Vegetation is affected by the climate.b. Low area of land between hills or mountains.c. Landform with steep sides that rise to a flat top.d. A long stretch of mountains, like the Appalachian or Rocky Mountains.Valleya. Low area of land between hills or mountains.b. A long stretch of mountains, like the Appalachian or Rocky Mountains.c. Landform with steep sides that rise to a flat top.d. Plant life is vegetation. Vegetation is affected by the climate.Erosiona. Erosion is a physical process that wears away the Earth's surface. Water, wind and sand can all cause erosion.b. Physical processes are what changes the Earth and affect all things on Earth.c. Landform with steep sides that rise to a flat top.d. Places that make Earth special. They include water, land, climate and plant life.Physical features1. Landform with steep sides that rise to a flat top.2. Low area of land between hills or mountains.3. Plant life is vegetation. Vegetation is affected by the climate.4. Places that make Earth special. They include water, land, climate and plant life.

True/False questions1. FuelsSubstances burned as a source of heat and power, such as coal, wood, or oil.TrueFalse2. Landformslong and narrow strip of water made for boats or for irrigationTrueFalse3. Natural ResourcesA feature such as a building, bridge, or road, that people add to a landscapeTrueFalse4. Canallong and narrow strip of water made for boats or for irrigationTrueFalse5. Valleyarea of low land between hills or mountainsTrueFalse6. AdaptTo become used to something. People adapt to their climateTrueFalse7. Plateaulong and narrow strip of water made for boats or for irrigationTrueFalse8. Human FeatureHigh, flat land that is raised above surrounding landTrueFalse9. EnvironmentThe air, water, land and living things around us.TrueFalseMore multiple choices:

1. Open pit minesa. the moving of water to dry areasb. mines that are carved into the Earth's surface by earth-moving machinesc. a windmill that uses the wind's power to produce electricityd. a human-made lake used for collecting and storing water2. Natural disastera. a human-made lake used for collecting and storing waterb. huge structures built to hold back waterc. a windmill that uses the wind's power to produce electricityd. an event in nature that causes great harm to people and damages their propertyWhat do tunnels and canals have in commona. they wear the right clothingb. they both speed up transportationc. they build highwaysd. the moving of water to dry areasHow do people modify the environment for transportationa. a waterway dug across landb. they wear the right clothingc. to changed. they build highways

Canala. they build highwaysb. a waterway dug across landc. a path that runs under somethingd. to changeEnvironmenta. the moving of water to dry areasb. the physical and human features of a placec. a waterway dug across landd. they both speed up transportationIrrigationa. they wear the right clothingb. they both speed up transportationc. they build highwaysd. the moving of water to dry areasReservoira. a path that runs under somethingb. huge structures built to hold back waterc. a human-made lake used for collecting and storing waterd. they both speed up transportationHow can people adapt to their climate?a. a human-made lake used for collecting and storing waterb. They can adapt their clothing, transportation, and homes to the climatec. they both speed up transportationd. the physical and human features of a placehydroelectric powera. a windmill that uses the wind's power to produce electricityb. the physical and human features of a placec. using water falling through dams to turn machines to produce electricityd. the moving of water to dry areas

wind turbinea. using water falling through dams to turn machines to produce electricityb. the moving of water to dry areasc. a windmill that uses the wind's power to produce electricityd. a path that runs under somethingdamsa. they build highwaysb. the moving of water to dry areasc. they wear the right clothingd. huge structures built to hold back wateradapt/modifya. they build highwaysb. a waterway dug across landc. to changed. they wear the right clothingtunnela. a path that runs under somethingb. a waterway dug across landc. they wear the right clothingd. they build highways