shea chapter 10
TRANSCRIPT
10
Political Socialization and Public Opinion
Video: The Big Picture 10
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Video: The Basics 10
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Public Opinion
The Relationship Between Public Opinion and Public Policy
The Relationship Between Public Opinion and Fundamental Values
10.1
The Relationship Between Public Opinion and Public Policy
Historical Views Federalist Papers
Contemporary Considerations Pluralism Public Polls
10.1
Protest against cameras at intersections
10.1
The Relationship Between Public Opinion and Fundamental Values
Personal liberty Protection “to” and “from”
Individualism Individual interests win out over community interests
(government-funded health care)
Equality Equality of opportunity versus equality of outcome
10.1
10.1 This idea suggests that the government should ensure equality for citizens:
a. Individualism
b. Equality of opportunity
c. Equality of outcome
d. Personal liberty
10.1
10.1 This idea suggests that the government should ensure equality for citizens:
a. Individualism
b. Equality of opportunity
c. Equality of outcome
d. Personal liberty
10.1
The Stability of Political Beliefs
Shifts in Public Opinion
The Impact of Popular Culture on Political Opinions and Values
10.2
Shifts in Public Opinion
Previous shifts in American history From British loyalists to Americans From segregation to civil rights From homophobia to support for gay rights
Gradual changes Cohort replacement Abortion
10.2
FIGURE 10.1: U.S. Public Opinion on Abortion, 1975-2011
10.2
Shifts in Public Opinion
Abrupt changes Wartime
10.2
The Impact of Popular Culture on Political Opinions and Values
Catalyst-for-change theory Asserts that public opinion shapes and alters our political
culture
Barometer of public attitudes Theory that media reflect popular culture
Interactive theory Popular culture both shapes and reflects popular opinion
10.2
Danica Patrick 10.2
FIGURE 10.2: U.S. public opinion on who possesses the most valued leadership traits
10.2
10.2 This theory suggests that popular culture both shapes and reflects popular opinion:
a. Catalyst-for-change theory
b. Barometer of public opinion
c. Interactive theory
d. Cohort replacement
10.2
10.2 This theory suggests that popular culture both shapes and reflects popular opinion:
a. Catalyst-for-change theory
b. Barometer of public opinion
c. Interactive theory
d. Cohort replacement
10.2
Explore Public Opinion: What Do Young People Think About Politics Today?
10.2
http://media.pearsoncmg.com/long/long_shea_mpslld_4/pex/pex8.html
Political Ideology
Liberals
Conservatives
Populists
Libertarians
10.3
TABLE 10.1: Percent of Americans favoring/opposing the death penalty by social group membership
10.3
10.3 Which of these political ideologies believe that government should protect commoners against elites?
a. Liberals
b. Conservatives
c. Populists
d. Libertarians
10.3
10.3 Which of these political ideologies believe that government should protect commoners against elites?
a. Liberals
b. Conservatives
c. Populists
d. Libertarians
10.3
Video: In the Real World 10.3
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Political Socialization
Family
School, Peers, and Community
Religion
The Media and Events
10.4
Figure 10.3: Annual trends in political ideology
10.4
Family
Gender roles Single mothers; independence
Racial attitudes Acceptance and bigotry handed down
Changes in family structure and rituals Children spend less time at home Fewer family dinners
10.4
School, Peers, and Community
Schools and political knowledge Outside authority figures School elections Civics classes and community projects
10.4
Reciting the Pledge of Allegiance 10.4
School, Peers, and Community
Peers Greater influence as children get older
Community Exposure to different cultures Political efficacy
10.4
Religion
Religion important factor in identity Morality, self-sacrifice, altruism Conservative denominations: Southern Baptist,
traditionalist Catholics, evangelicals People raised in religiously diverse communities more
likely to be politically active
10.4
The Media and Events
Media Children spend 53 hours a week with entertainment media Entertainment at odds with values People may learn political information, but it varies with
the source
10.4
Jon Stewart 10.4
The Media and Events
Events Attitudes develop during and after crises
10.4
10.4 The process by which individuals develop their political views is called:
10.4
a. Political efficacy
b. Public education
c. Political socialization
d. Civic knowledge
10.4 The process by which individuals develop their political views is called:
a. Political efficacy
b. Public education
c. Political socialization
d. Civic knowledge
10.4
Social Groups and Political Values
Economic Bases of Partisanship and Public Opinion
Education
Religion
Race and Ethnicity
Gender
10.5
Video: Thinking Like a Political Scientist
10.5
http://media.pearsoncmg.com/ph/hss/SSA_SHARED_MEDIA_1/polisci/presidency/Seg4_PublicOpinion_v2.html
Economic Bases of Partisanship and Public Opinion
Party identification Influenced by socio-economic status
Democrats Regarded as “party of the people”
Republicans Regarded as “party of the rich”
10.5
Education and Religion
More educated Favor gay rights and abortion rights
Less educated Favor increased spending on Social Security, Medicaid
Religion Denomination influences political party choice
10.5
FIGURE 10.4: Party identification among white evangelical Protestants
10.5
Race and Ethnicity
Early 20th century immigrants Irish, German, Scandinavian, Italian, and Polish; they were
New Deal supporting Democrats
African Americans Brought as slaves, they long occupied the bottom of the
economic, political, and social totem pole Civil rights gains, but disparities exits
Hispanics Becoming more politically active
10.5
Gender
Gender gap Separates American men and women
Foreign affairs Women more likely to oppose military intervention and to
support diplomacy
Domestic policy Women more likely to support health care programs, gun
control, affirmative action
10.5
10.5 These groups tend to lean politically to the left (liberal) on social issues:
a. Women
b. Catholics and Jews
c. People with more education
d. All of the above
10.5
10.5 These groups tend to lean politically to the left (liberal) on social issues:
a. Women
b. Catholics and Jews
c. People with more education
d. All of the above
10.5
Measuring Public Opinion
Use of Polls
Modern Polling Techniques
Survey Research
Interpreting Public Opinion Polls
Controversies Surrounding Polling
10.6
Use of Polls
“Spiral of silence” Bandwagon effect
Potentially misleading Suggested opinions, sampling errors, wording of
questions
Widespread use Used by media, others
10.6
Polling 10.6
Modern Polling Techniques and Survey Research Samples
Probability samples
Developing questionnaires Proper wording Socially acceptable responses Neutrality
Interpreting public opinion polls Margin of error Confidence level
10.6
Video: In Context 10.6
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Controversies Surrounding Polling
Pseudo-polls Call-in and Internet surveys
Changes in telephone use Caller ID, call block Strict cell phone use – no landlines
Campaign season Exit polls Premature reporting
10.6
10.6 The measure of accuracy of poll results is called:
a. Probability sample
b. Margin of error
c. Margin of victory
d. Confidence level
10.6
10.6 The measure of accuracy of poll results is called:
a. Probability sample
b. Margin of error
c. Margin of victory
d. Confidence level
10.6
Explore the Simulation: You Are a Polling Consultant
10.6
http://media.pearsoncmg.com/long/long_longman_media_1/2013_mpsl_sim/simulation.html?simulaURL=11
Discussion Questions
Why is political participation important in a democracy? Which types of citizens are the most and least likely to participate in the U.S. political system? What effect do the demographics of political participation have on public policy?
10
Video: So What? 10
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