Muscular System Review of new terms and some extra terms

Ton/o◦ Tonicity or tone

Ten/o, tend/o, tendin/o◦ tendon

Kinesi/o◦ movement

Fasci/o◦ fascia

-cele◦ Hernia

Review

When the suffix begins with a consonant use the combining vowel - /o

When the suffix begins with a vowels don’t use the combining vowel - /o

Fasci/o and –itis◦ fasciitis

What’s the rule for combining forms of words?

A-◦ No, or none

Bi-◦ 2

Tri-◦ 3

Quadr/i or Quadr/o◦ 4

Poly-◦ many

Prefixes that number

Bad Difficult Painful

Dystonia◦ Condition of abnormal or bad muscle tone

Dys-

Abduction Adduction Flexion Extension Elevation Depression Rotation-turns a

bone on its own axis

Circumduction Supination Pronation Dorsiflexion Plantar flexion

ROM or Range of Motion

Antagonists

Abduction◦Adduction

Flexion◦Extension

Pronation◦Supination

Dorsiflexion◦Plantar flexion

Elevation◦Depression

Hyper-◦Hypo

Word parts for muscle direction◦Oblique Angled

◦Rectus straight

◦Transverse crosswise

◦Sphincter Ring-like

New Word Parts

Slow

Brady -

-trophy◦Growth or development

Fibr/o ◦Fiber, connective tissue

-paresis◦Partial or incomplete paralysis

New Word Parts

Muscle Nomenclature

Location-external oblique, pectoralis, lateralis

Origin & Insertion – brachioradialis, occipitofrontal

Number of divisions – biceps, triceps Function – ulnar flexor (flexes the wrist),

buccinator (the cheek muscle used to blow a trumpet)

Muscles are named for their;

Size – vastus medialis Shape – deltoid Orientation – rectus abdominus (the straight

muscle of the abdomen), orbicularis oris (the circular muscle around the mouth)

Muscles are named for their;

Adjectives to Describe Muscles

Muscle Adjectives Externus – exterior Gracilis – slender Lateralis-to the side Latissimus – wide Longissimus – long Longus – long Maximus-largest Medialis-toward the

middle Medius – intermediate Oblique – slanted or at

an angle

Orbicularis – around Quadratus – square Rectus - straight Rhomboideus –

diamond shaped Scalenes – irregular

triangle Teres – round Transverse –

crosswise Vastus - great