ISSN 2349-3690RRJoVST

Jan - April 2014

Veterinary ScienceResearch & Reviews: Journal of

and Technology

Ÿ Bacteriophages as Biocontrol Agents of Foodborne Bacterial Pathogens

Ÿ Changes in Biochemical Profile in Hemorrhagic Gastroenteritis in Dogs

Ÿ Influence of Tulsi (Ocimum sanctum) and Selenium Supplementation on Growth Performance in Broilers

Ÿ Molecular Detection of Leptospira Using Polymerase Chain Reaction Based on LipL32 and rpoB Gene

Ÿ Status of Some Essential Heavy Metals in Different Water Sources of Haryana State

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STM Journal (s) Advisory Board & Editorial Board

Prof. Dr. Hazim Jabbar Al-DarajiProfessor University of Baghdad,

College of Agriculture, Department of Animal Production

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Pathology, College of Veterinary Science, Korutla A.P. India

Prof. Dr. Ravi kumar PentelaProfessor Dept. of Pharmacology& amp; Toxicology, NTR College of Veterinary Science, Annavaram, Andhra Pradesh

India - 521 102

Editorial Board

Dr. Ashok KumarAssociate Professor, Department of Vety. Medicine LLR University of

Veterinary & Animal Sciences, HisarIndia.

Dr. Sandeep Kumar GuptaScientist , Lala Lajpat Rai, Univ of

Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Hisar India.

Dr. Shamsul Haque Professor & Head

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India.

Dr. Rashmi Rekha Kumari Assistant Profesor, Department of Veterinary

Pharmacology & ToxicologyBihar Veterinary College, Patna

India.

Dr. Pankaj SinghBihar Veterinary College

Bihar Agricultural UniversityBihar, India.

Dr. Girish Kumar MishraAssistant Professor College of Veterinary

Science and Animal Husbandry,Chhattishgarh Kamdhenu Vishwavidyalaya India.

Dr. Gopala ReddyProfessor & University Head, Dept of

Veterinary Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Veterinary science,

Rajendranagar, Hyderabad India.

Dr. Kaushalendra KumarAssistant Professor,

Department of Animal NutritionBihar Agricultural University,

India.

Dr. Aditi Dixit Assistant Professor,

College of Veterinary Sci.Durg (C.G.)

India.

Dr. Gyandev SinghAssistant professor,

clinical complex, B.V.C PatnaIndia.

I take the privilege to present the hard copy compilation for the [Volume 3 Issue (1)] of

Research&Reviews: Journal of Veterinary Science and Technology (RRJoVST).The intension of

RRJoVST is to create an atmosphere that stimulates creativeness, research and growth in the area of

Veterinary Science and Technology.

The development and growth of the mankind is the consequence of brilliant Research done by

eminent Scientists and Engineers in every field RRJoVST provides an outlet for Research findings

and reviews in areas of Veterinary Science and Technology found to be relevant for National and

International recent developments & research initiative.

The aim and scope of the Journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for

the advancement and dissemination of Research results that support high level learning, teaching and

research in the domain of Veterinary Science and Technology

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their continued support and invaluable contributions and suggestions in the form of authoring write-

ups/ reviewing and providing constructive comments for the advancement of the journals. With

regards to their due continuous support and co-operation, we have been able to publish quality

Research/Reviews' findings for our customers base.

I hope you will enjoy reading this issue and we welcome your feedback on any aspect of the Journal.

Dr. Archana Mehrotra

Director

STM Journals

Director's Desk

STM JOURNALS

1. Bacteriophages as Biocontrol Agents of Foodborne Bacterial Pathogens Srinivasa Rao T., Lakshmi Kavitha K. 1

2. Changes in Biochemical Profile in Hemorrhagic Gastroenteritis in Dogs Raju Sharma, Ashok Kumar, Rajendra Yadav 6

3. Influence of Tulsi (Ocimum sanctum) and Selenium Supplementation on Growth Performance in BroilersReddy L.S.S.Vara Prasad, Leela V, Thangavel A, Raju K.V.S.N. 12

4. Molecular Detection of Leptospira Using Polymerase Chain Reaction Based on LipL32 and rpoB GeneChandan S, Umesha S 16

5. Status of Some Essential Heavy Metals in Different Water Sources of Haryana StateKaushalendra Kumar, Neelam Kewalramani 24

ContentsResearch & Reviews: Journal of Veterinary Science and Technology

RRJoVST(2014)© STM Journals 2014. All Rights Reserved

Research & Reviews: Journal of Veterinary Science and Technology ISSN: 2349-3690

Volume 3, Issue 1

www.stmjournals.com

Bacteriophages as Biocontrol Agents of Foodborne

Bacterial Pathogens

Srinivasa Rao T., Lakshmi Kavitha K.

NTR College of Veterinary Science, Gannavaram-521102, Andhra Pradesh, India

Abstract Foodborne bacterial pathogens continue to be a serious food safety problem worldwide.

At present, the leading causes of death due to foodborne bacterial pathogens are Listeria, Salmonella, Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Campylobacter jejuni. The process of making

food safe is never-ending, and as a result, food safety experts, microbiologists, and

industry insiders are constantly searching for new ways to improve the food safety system. Within the last few years, food growers and producers have begun to use a novel

means of improving food safety through the use of bacteriophages. These phages, also known as lytic viruses, take up residence inside certain strains of foodborne bacteria,

begin multiplying, and eventually destroy the bacterial cell. With today’s awareness on

the use of fresh foods without chemical preservatives, there is a need for novel preservation strategies. Treatment with specific phages in the food industry can prevent

the decay of products and the spread of bacterial diseases and ultimately promote safe

environments in animal food production, processing, and handling. This review discusses the current status of use of bacteriophages as biopreservatives to prevent the spoilage of

foods and to kill the foodborne pathogens.

Keywords: Foodborne pathogens, Listeria, Salmonella, Escherichia coli, Campylobacter

jejuni, Food safety, Bacteriophages

RRJoVST(2014)© STM Journals 2014. All Rights Reserved

Research & Reviews: Journal of Veterinary Science and Technology ISSN: 2349-3690

Volume 3, Issue 1

www.stmjournals.com

Changes in Biochemical Profile in Hemorrhagic

Gastroenteritis in Dogs

Raju Sharma, Ashok Kumar*, Rajendra Yadav

LLR University of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, Hisar-125004, Haryana, India

Abstract The present study was conducted on 40 dogs having hemorrhagic gastroenteritis. Blood

biochemistry revealed decrease in sodium, potassium, calcium, phosphorus and glucose, with slight decrease in total serum protein, albumin and globulin, while there was

increase in alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase and blood urea nitrogen

values. Following treatment there was increase in sodium, potassium, calcium, phosphorus and glucose values with a decrease in alanine aminotransferase, alkaline

phosphatase and blood urea nitrogen values.

Keywords: Hemorrhagic gastroenteritis, Diarrhea, Biochemical profile, Dogs

*Author for Correspondence E-mail: aggar2050@hotmail.com

RRJoVST(2014)© STM Journals 2014. All Rights Reserved

Research & Reviews: Journal of Veterinary Science and Technology ISSN: 2349-3690

Volume 3, Issue 1

www.stmjournals.com

Influence of Tulsi (Ocimum sanctum) and Selenium

Supplementation on Growth Performance in Broilers

Reddy L.S.S.Vara Prasad

1*, Leela V

2, Thangavel A

2, Raju K.V.S.N.

3

1College of Veterinary Science, Proddatur-516360, AP, India

2Madras Veterinary College, Chennai, India

3Dr.Reddy’s Laboratories Ltd, Hyderabad, India

Abstract The present work was carried out to study the effect of dietary supplementation of Tulsi (Ocimum sanctum) and selenium on performance in broiler chicken. A total of forty-two

broiler day-old chicks divided into six groups of seven each were used for this study. O.

sanctum leaf powder (0.25 and 0.5%), organic selenium (0.3 ppm) and their

combinations were added to the basal diet. Body weight and feed consumption were

recorded at weekly intervals. The mean body weight, feed conversion ratio (FCR) and cumulative feed consumption did not vary significantly (P > 0.05) among the groups

during the trial period. It is concluded that dietary supplementation of O. sanctum at 0.25

and 0.5% levels and its combination with selenium (0.3 ppm) cannot significantly change the growth performance in broilers.

Keywords: Ocimum sanctum, Selenium, Body weight, Feed conversion ratio, Broiler

chicken

RRJoVST(2014)© STM Journals 2014. All Rights Reserved

Research & Reviews: Journal of Veterinary Science and Technology ISSN: 2349-3690

Volume 3, Issue 1

www.stmjournals.com

Molecular Detection of Leptospira Using Polymerase

Chain Reaction Based on LipL32 and rpoB Gene

Chandan S, Umesha S* Department of Studies in Biotechnology, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri,

Mysore-570006, Karnataka, India

Abstract Leptospirosis is an emerging disease for which culture and identification are partly

unresolved. In fact, 16S rRNA-based sequencing is the most widely used PCR

methodology that can detect such uncultivable pathogens. However, this assay has some

limitations linked to potential problems of contamination, which hampers diagnosis. To

overcome this, the authors have a simple PCR strategy involving targeting of the gene encoding the LipL32 and RNA polymerase β subunit (rpoB), a highly conserved enzyme.

We report here a case study of Leptospira-infected samples; Leptospira has been isolated from biological samples. Leptospirosis is a septicemia bacterial disease affecting animals

and human being, the infection may be symptomatic, mild or severe and acute or chronic.

PCR assay targeting partial rpoB and LipL32 gene of Leptospira using primers, with a product size of 600 and 532 base pair long which are Leptospira specific, where rpoB

detects both pathogenic and non-pathogenic and efficacy of LipL32 primer capable of

amplifying conserved outer membrane protein (OMP) gene. LipL32 is the major leptospiral outer membrane lipoprotein expressed during infection. The sequence of the

Leptospira rpoB gene was determined and compared with the published sequence. The findings have significant implications for the development of a new tool for identification

of spirochetes, especially if clinical samples are contaminated.

Keywords: Leptospirosis, Polymerase chain reaction, Phylogenetic analysis, Lipl32, Rpob

RRJoVST(2014)© STM Journals 2014. All Rights Reserved

Research & Reviews: Journal of Veterinary Science and Technology ISSN: 2349-3690

Volume 3, Issue 1

www.stmjournals.com

Status of Some Essential Heavy Metals in Different Water

Sources of Haryana State

Kaushalendra Kumar1*, Neelam Kewalramani

2

1Department of Animal Nutrition, Bihar Veterinary College, Patna, India

2Dairy Cattle Nutrition Division, National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, India

Abstract In order to assess the status of copper, zinc and iron in drinking water sources of animals of different districts of Haryana state, a survey work was carried out. All the districts

were divided into two zones on the basis of different agro-climatic conditions. The present study was carried out with the objective to know the status of these trace minerals

in feeds and fodders of all the districts of Haryana. At the same time, to know the status

of these minerals in the animal body, samples of milk, hair and tissues were also collected. Water also gets contaminated with these minerals, due to corrosion of pipes,

fertilizers, industrial waste, etc. So water samples from different sources, i.e., hand pump and tube well were also collected to see the content of Cu, Zn and Fe. Total 148 samples

of water were collected from all the districts of Haryana. To check the contamination of

water by trace minerals, the copper, zinc and iron content of water was estimated. The copper content of water from both hand pump and tube well was 0.037 ppm which was

within a normal range. The zinc content of water from tube well and hand pump was

0.031 and 0.043 ppm respectively. These values were lower than the maximum permissible level of 5 ppm. With respect to iron, the value obtained was 0.29 ppm which

is close to the maximum permissible level.

Keywords: Iron, Copper, Zinc, Water, Livestock, Haryana