research article study and application of polymer film...

Research ArticleStudy and Application of Polymer Film-Forming ShieldingPlugging Drilling Fluid System

Yuxue Sun Fei Teng and Jingyuan Zhao

Northeast Petroleum University Daqing Heilongjiang 163318 China

Correspondence should be addressed to Fei Teng 476122791qqcom

Received 11 October 2013 Revised 3 January 2014 Accepted 3 January 2014 Published 13 February 2014

Academic Editor Alireza Bahadori

Copyright copy 2014 Yuxue Sun et al This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution Licensewhich permits unrestricted use distribution and reproduction in any medium provided the original work is properly cited

To solve the low cementing quality of acoustic logging and some distensible well diameters in high permeable layer of DaqingLamadian oilfield we have carried out the study and field application of polymer film-forming shielding plugging drilling fluidsystem By adding this polymer film-forming shielding plugging agent to macromolecule emulsion drilling fluid the shielding andplugging effect will be improved Combined with the experiment and analysis we optimize the adding amount of this agent toimprove the performance of drilling fluid system From the application effect the cementing quality of acoustic logging has beenimproved obviouslyThis system has been applied in 20 wells and there are 15 high quality wellsThemerit factor of well cementingreaches 75

1 Introduction

11 General Situation of Daqing Lamadian Oilfield DaqingLamadian oilfield is the central depression area of Songliaobasin It is an anticline sandstone reservoir in the extremenorth of Daqing Changyuan areaThis oilfield was developedin 1973 Through 30 years of development adjustment ithas experienced the adjustments of layer series secondaryinfilling and polymer flooding in main layer and so on Atpresent production has entered high water cut stage andcomposite water cut has reached 94 Due to many years ofinjection and production the formation characteristics havecertain changes From the site statistics we found that thepermeability had a tendency to increase with the develop-ment of Lamadian oilfield At the same time the indoor testusing formation water to flood the natural core of Lamadianarea for long term showed that the clay volume decreasedafter long-term waterflooding But both permeability andporosity increased In addition Lamadian oilfield often usedproduced water to recirculate so the formationwater becamecalcium bicarbonate water The total mineralization was ashigh as 7150mgLTherefore the most prominent features ofLamadian oilfield are high porosity high permeability highwater cut and high salinity Due to long-term waterflooddevelopment of Putaohua oil layer the layer was seriouswater flush Cementing of sandstone reservoir became loose

and rock strength decreased obviously Conventional drillingfluid could not form a compact mud cake It made the slurryfluid loss become large and seriously affected cementing qual-ity In order to solve the above problems the zero permeabil-ity and low permeability plugging drilling fluid technologyhas been carried out in Daqing Lamadian oilfield The fieldtest applied in tertiary infilling adjustment well drilling hasobtained good effect For better improving cementing qualityof Daqing Lamadian oilfield our laboratory carried out thestudy and field application of polymer film-forming shieldingplugging drilling fluid technology [1ndash6]

12 Outline of This Paper Based on the current situation ofLamadian oilfield we study the function mechanism of thispolymer film-forming shielding plugging drilling fluid InSection 3 we first use the new sand bed experimental methodto test the plugging ability According to the experimentalresults we optimize the adding amount of film-forming agentand analyze this new drilling fluid system Finally we studythe performance of this optimized drilling fluid system andextend it to the field application In this paper the novel pointlies in the optimization of polymer film-forming shieldingplugging drilling fluid system This system compatible withDaqing Lamadian strata can improve the cementing qualityof high permeable layer in Daqing Lamadian area obviously

Hindawi Publishing CorporationJournal of Petroleum EngineeringVolume 2014 Article ID 824020 5 pageshttpdxdoiorg1011552014824020

2 Journal of Petroleum Engineering

50120583m

Figure 1 Water immersion of natural modified macromoleculecompound for 1 hour

50120583m

Figure 2 Water immersion of natural modified macromoleculecompound for 24 hours

2 Mechanism StudyThis technology mainly uses special polymer addictive toconcentrate into micelle in high permeable sandstone poreor microcrack port We rely on the interface suction anddeformability of polymer micelle or colloidal particle andcooperate with inert solid particles or fibers Under gradualswelling effect of the polymer particles we form a dense ultra-low permeability sealing film on the wellbore surface [7ndash10]

21 Swelling Mechanism of Special Polymer Additive Thispolymer addictive is a kind of natural modified macromolec-ular compoundThe colloid contains lots of hydration groupsIt can absorb water to form micelle The micelle macro-molecule group can swell by absorbing water but it cannotdissolve completely Because of the swelling characteristic ofnatural macromolecule compound we can add hydrophobicmolecules which can prevent water molecules entering intomicelle thus water intake rate of natural macromoleculepolymer will be delayed to achieve the goal of gradual waterabsorption and slow swelling Due to the strong effect ofcross-linked network the polymer only swells not dissolvesFigures 1 and 2 are the water absorption swelling changes ofnatural macromolecule compound in 24 hours From the twofigures we can see that both the swelling micelle density andgrain diameter of micelle became large 24 hours later [11ndash14]

22 PluggingMechanism Using the characteristics of naturalmodified polymer and filling effect of inert particles and

Figure 3 Leakage of drilling fluid

Figure 4 Plugging of drilling fluid

fibers will make the whole system have a good pluggingeffect First we match the inert materials reasonably bythe optimization accumulation theory Through the particleaccumulation and bridge connection of fiber we form acompacted mud cake Then the entire sealing interfacevolume will increase gradually by water absorbing swellingeffect of natural macromolecule When the volume swells toa certain extent the antipressure ability can be strengthenedand particles in the sealing interface cannot divorce fromplugged zone to the recesses of pore and fracture [15ndash17] Atthe same time it can prevent drilling fluid and filtrate seepinginto the formation It makes near-zero filtration drilling cometrue and protects reservoir effectively

3 Materials and Methods

31 Optimizing the Adding Amount of Polymer Film-FormingShielding Plugging Agent Using the new sand bed experi-mental method we carried out the experiment to test theplugging ability and adding amount of this addictive Figures3 and 4 are the visual images of sand bed experimentExperimental data is shown in Table 1

Journal of Petroleum Engineering 3

Table 1 Sand bed leakage experiment

Formula 120588

(gcm3)FL(mL)

Experiment condition(07MPa 30min 20sim40 mesh quartz sand room temperature)

Emulsion slurrysystem 149 4 Instantaneous loss

Slurry + 1 MFDJ 149 36 Instantaneously soak to 6 cm and 10 minutes later soak to 85 cm There is noincrease Forcing to 12MPa there are also no changes

Slurry + 2 MFDJ 149 3 Instantaneously soak to 28 cm and 10 minutes later soak to 35 cmThere is noincrease Forcing to 12MPa there are also no changes


Slurry + 4MFDJ 150 24 Instantaneously soak to 17 cm and 10 minutes later soak to 2 cm There is noincrease Forcing to 12MPa there are also no changes

MFDJ is a kind of polymer film-forming shielding plugging addictive

Table 2 Compatible evaluation indoor experiment of various adding amounts

Formula 120588

(gcm3)AV(s)

PV(mPasdots) 120591

0120583119901

Gel1010158401015840Gel11015840(Pa)

FL(mL)

Mudcake(mm)

Emulsion slurry system 149 36 255 036 125 44 10Slurry + 1 MFDJ 149 37 265 04 13 42 10Slurry + 2 MFDJ 149 40 29 045 1535 36 10Slurry + 3 MFDJ 150 44 325 051 24 3 10Slurry + 4MFDJ 151 53 38 058 255 26 12

Table 3 Measured drilling fluid performance of La 5-PS1922

Depth(m)

120588

(gcm3)AV(s)

FL(mL)

Mud cake(mm)

YP(Pa)

PV(mPasdots) 120591

0120583119901

Gel1010158401015840Gel11015840(Pa)

119877

(ΩsdotM18∘C)850 135 52 48 10 95 21 045 24 410910 148 68 34 10 19 33 058 575 355945 148 62 38 10 15 28 054 4565 3571035 148 60 36 10 145 27 054 46 3681084 148 57 38 10 13 27 048 37 375Electric log 148 55 36 10 10 25 040 35 355Cementation 148 55 36 10 10 25 040 35

32 Conventional Performance Experiment of Polymer Film-Forming Shielding Plugging Additive We conduct the con-ventional performance comparison experiment by addingdifferent amount of this addictive into the in situ macro-molecule emulsion drilling fluid system Data is shown inTable 2

4 Results and Discussion

41 Optimizing the Adding Amount of Polymer Film-FormingShielding Plugging Agent From Table 1 sand bed leakageexperiment data shows that MFDJ has good film-formingplugging ability It can well prevent sandstone reservoir fromseepage and improve the bearing capacity of borehole wallAdding 1 of this addictive into the emulsion polymerdrilling fluid can realize the zero filtration The immersiondepth into sand bed is 85 cm When adding 2 the depth

will become 35 cm Adding 3 and 4 the depth is 25 cmand 2 cm respectively The adding amount of this addictivecan be determined in the range of 2 to 4

42 Function Morphology and Microstate of Polymer Film-Forming Shielding Plugging Additive We observe the surfaceof sand bed after the experiment and of mud cake aftermedium voltage loss experiment (shown in Figure 5) Fromthe phenomenon of sand bed plugging experiment we cansee that modified high molecular polymer and inert particlematerial are embedded into the sand bed surface pore Filtercake of drilling fluid presents dense reticular structureThus itcan achieve the effect of blocking and strengthening boreholewall [10]

43 Conventional Performance of Polymer Film-FormingShielding Plugging Additive From Table 2 the experimental


Drilling fluid microcrystalline state ofembedding into sand bed pore

State of drilling fluid filter cake surfaceSurface state of sand bed after drillingfluid penetration

Figure 5 Photos of sand bed surface after new sand bed experiment and mud cake surface of medium voltage loss experiment

Lithology and quality situation of La5-PS1922 test well

Lithology and quality situation of La 5-PS1821conventional well

Figure 6 Contrast picture of cementing time-delay acoustic change detection

data shows that when the slurry is normal formula ofemulsionmacromolecule drilling fluid system and the addingamount is less than 3 the effect on density viscosity yieldpoint and plastic viscosity ratio and mud cake thickness ofdrilling fluid is smaller When the adding amount is 4 theparameter values of apparent viscosity plastic viscosity andshearing force increase obviously The difficulty of protectingthe drilling fluid rheological properties also increases cor-respondingly According to the immersion depth into sandbed and rheological properties of drilling fluid we optimizesynthetically the adding amount of 2sim3

44 Field Application

441 Application Scheme Based on indoor experimentaldata we determine the amount of this additive to 3 tonsper well The applied interval is from weighting to finishingdrilling The specific addition method is to adjust drillingfluid properties after weighting and then to add this addictive2 tons at a time To maintain the effective adding amount ofthis addictive in the drilling fluid after weighting it needs to

be supplied gradually in the drilling fluid One ton addictiveshould be supplied before entering the P1 group

442 Field Application This drilling fluid technology hasbeen applied into La 5-PS1922 well of 15556 drilling crew onSeptember 6 2010During field test process we adjust drillingfluid properties after weighting and we add 2 tons treatedaddictive at a time During the adding process the drillingfluid viscosity increased slightly The drilling fluid viscosityreturned to normal after adding some diluting addictive tomaintain the viscosity In the subsequent drilling process1 ton treatment addictive was supplied into drilling fluidsuccessively The electric log and cementing operation of thiswell was normal The measured drilling fluid performance inthe field is shown in Table 3

443 Application Effect Drilling fluid technology of polymerfilm-forming shielding plugging was applied to 20 wells ofLamadian oilfield Site construction was smooth without anycomplicated engineering problems Successful rate of electriclog was 100 The merit factor of cementing time-delay


acoustic change detection was 75 and qualification rate was100 Figure 6 is the contrast picture of cementing time-delayacoustic change detection of high permeable layer in a La 5-PS1922 test well

From Figure 6 we can see that after applying this treat-ment addictive in the field the cementation quality of highpermeable layer S3 and P1 group in La 5-PS1922 is improvedobviously compared with La 5-PS1821 well of conventionaldrilling fluid construction

5 Conclusions

Indoor sand bed experiment shows that the polymer film-forming shielding plugging addictive can form a bettercompact and low permeablemud cake on the high permeablelayer The function mechanism in film-forming shieldingplugging materials which can effectively improve the lowpermeability property of drilling fluid is the swelling effectofmodifiedmacromolecule polymer In the optimized exper-iment the best adding amount of polymer film-formingshielding plugging addictive in high permeable layer is 3sim5 And field application effect shows that this drillingfluid technology can improve the time-delay acoustic changecementing quality of Lamadian high permeable layer obvi-ously

Conflict of Interests

The authors declare that there is no conflict of interestsregarding the publication of this paper

Acknowledgment

This study is supported by Scientific Research Fund of Hei-longjiang Provincial Education Department (no 12521045)

References

[1] J Sun J Zheng D Huang and BWang ldquoStudy and applicationof ultra-low permeable drilling fluid lost circulation preventionand controlrdquo Drilling Fluid and Completion Fluid vol 22 no 4pp 21ndash24 2005

[2] J Sun X Lin B Zhang et al ldquoAbroad technology summary ofultra-low permeable drilling fluidrdquoDrilling Fluid amp CompletionFluid vol 22 no 1 pp 57ndash59 2005

[3] J Sun Y Su P Luo and Y Liu ldquoMechanism research of ultra-low permeable drilling fluid to improve formation bearingcapacityrdquoDrilling Fluid ampCompletion Fluid no 5 pp 1ndash3 2005

[4] B Jing W Sui and C Pei ldquoResearch and application ofultra-low permeable drilling fluid in H17 oilfieldrdquo Drilling ampProduction Technology no 5 pp 36ndash39 2008

[5] Y Peng Y Liu Y Song P Qing and Y Lu ldquoApplication of ultra-low invasion fluid technology in Xiaolongwan blockrdquo DrillingFluid amp Completion Fluid vol 22 no 5 pp 31ndash34 2005

[6] F Zhou S Tang Y Wang and T Huang ldquoThe application ofultra-low filter loss drilling fluid in well Hua 3ndash8rdquoDrilling Fluidamp Completion Fluid vol 24 no 6 pp 29ndash31 2007

[7] J Yan Drilling Fluid Technology 1st version in May 2001Petroleum University Press Dongying China 2003

[8] P Reid andH Santos ldquoNovel drilling completion andworkoverfluids for depleted zones avoiding losses formation damageand stuck piperdquo in Proceedings of the SPE IADC October 2003

[9] H Santos M B Villas-Boas R F T Lomba C H M SaS F Oliveira and J F Costa ldquoAPI filtrate and drilling fluidinvasion is there any correlationrdquo in Proceedings of the LatinAmerican and Caribbean Petroleum Engineering ConferenceCaracas Venezuela April 1999

[10] H Santos and R Perez ldquoWhat have we been wrong inwellbore stabilityrdquo in Proceedings of the SPE Latin AmericanandCaribbeanPetroleumEngineeringConference BuenosAiresArgentina March 2001

[11] J Xie Z Wang B Zhang and X Wang ldquoNew drillingfluid system and plugging technology in Zhongyuan oilfieldrdquoAdvance in Fine Petrochemical Complex no 1 pp 1ndash5 2010

[12] M Arabloo M P Shahri and M Zamani ldquoCharacterization ofcolloidal gas aphron drilling fluids produced from a new plantbased surfactantrdquo Journal of Dispersion Science and Technologyvol 34 pp 669ndash678 2013

[13] S Luo Y Li Y Meng and L Zhang ldquoA new drilling fluid forformation damage control used in underbalanced drillingrdquo inProceedings of the IADCSPE Drilling Conference New OrleansLa USA February 2000

[14] S Zhang G Jiang H Guo X Tang and H Jin ldquoStudy of newfilm-forming agent in drilling fluid system and application inChenghai oilfieldrdquo Petroleum Drilling Techniques vol 41 no 2pp 44ndash47 2013

[15] Y Chun S JinshengW Pingquan et al ldquoDevelopment of CMJ-1 a high temperature film-forming fluid loss additive and thepropertiesrdquo PetroleumDrilling Techniques vol 32 no 2 pp 30ndash32 2004

[16] B Xiaodong and P Xiaolin ldquoEvolution of membrane formingtechnology of water-based mudrdquo Natural Gas Industry vol 26no 8 pp 75ndash77 2006

[17] L Haitao Z Xiutai L Qiulian et al ldquoLaboratory study ondrilling fluid ofmosaic agent-membrane agent synergistic inter-action for reservoir protectionrdquo Petroleum Drilling Techniquesvol 40 no 4 pp 65ndash71 2012

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Submit your manuscripts athttpwwwhindawicom

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Modelling amp Simulation in EngineeringHindawi Publishing Corporation httpwwwhindawicom Volume 2014


Chemical EngineeringInternational Journal of Antennas and

Propagation




Navigation and Observation



DistributedSensor Networks



50120583m

Figure 1 Water immersion of natural modified macromoleculecompound for 1 hour

50120583m

Figure 2 Water immersion of natural modified macromoleculecompound for 24 hours

2 Mechanism StudyThis technology mainly uses special polymer addictive toconcentrate into micelle in high permeable sandstone poreor microcrack port We rely on the interface suction anddeformability of polymer micelle or colloidal particle andcooperate with inert solid particles or fibers Under gradualswelling effect of the polymer particles we form a dense ultra-low permeability sealing film on the wellbore surface [7ndash10]

21 Swelling Mechanism of Special Polymer Additive Thispolymer addictive is a kind of natural modified macromolec-ular compoundThe colloid contains lots of hydration groupsIt can absorb water to form micelle The micelle macro-molecule group can swell by absorbing water but it cannotdissolve completely Because of the swelling characteristic ofnatural macromolecule compound we can add hydrophobicmolecules which can prevent water molecules entering intomicelle thus water intake rate of natural macromoleculepolymer will be delayed to achieve the goal of gradual waterabsorption and slow swelling Due to the strong effect ofcross-linked network the polymer only swells not dissolvesFigures 1 and 2 are the water absorption swelling changes ofnatural macromolecule compound in 24 hours From the twofigures we can see that both the swelling micelle density andgrain diameter of micelle became large 24 hours later [11ndash14]

22 PluggingMechanism Using the characteristics of naturalmodified polymer and filling effect of inert particles and

Figure 3 Leakage of drilling fluid

Figure 4 Plugging of drilling fluid

fibers will make the whole system have a good pluggingeffect First we match the inert materials reasonably bythe optimization accumulation theory Through the particleaccumulation and bridge connection of fiber we form acompacted mud cake Then the entire sealing interfacevolume will increase gradually by water absorbing swellingeffect of natural macromolecule When the volume swells toa certain extent the antipressure ability can be strengthenedand particles in the sealing interface cannot divorce fromplugged zone to the recesses of pore and fracture [15ndash17] Atthe same time it can prevent drilling fluid and filtrate seepinginto the formation It makes near-zero filtration drilling cometrue and protects reservoir effectively

3 Materials and Methods

31 Optimizing the Adding Amount of Polymer Film-FormingShielding Plugging Agent Using the new sand bed experi-mental method we carried out the experiment to test theplugging ability and adding amount of this addictive Figures3 and 4 are the visual images of sand bed experimentExperimental data is shown in Table 1



Formula 120588

(gcm3)FL(mL)









Formula 120588

(gcm3)AV(s)

PV(mPasdots) 120591

0120583119901

Gel1010158401015840Gel11015840(Pa)

FL(mL)

Mudcake(mm)



Depth(m)

120588

(gcm3)AV(s)

FL(mL)

Mud cake(mm)

YP(Pa)

PV(mPasdots) 120591

0120583119901

Gel1010158401015840Gel11015840(Pa)

119877
























5 Conclusions




Acknowledgment


References




















RoboticsJournal of





Journal of



RotatingMachinery





VLSI Design



Shock and Vibration







Journal of



Volume 2014


SensorsJournal of





Propagation











Formula 120588

(gcm3)FL(mL)









Formula 120588

(gcm3)AV(s)

PV(mPasdots) 120591

0120583119901

Gel1010158401015840Gel11015840(Pa)

FL(mL)

Mudcake(mm)



Depth(m)

120588

(gcm3)AV(s)

FL(mL)

Mud cake(mm)

YP(Pa)

PV(mPasdots) 120591

0120583119901

Gel1010158401015840Gel11015840(Pa)

119877
























5 Conclusions




Acknowledgment


References




















RoboticsJournal of





Journal of



RotatingMachinery





VLSI Design



Shock and Vibration







Journal of



Volume 2014


SensorsJournal of





Propagation

























5 Conclusions




Acknowledgment


References




















RoboticsJournal of





Journal of



RotatingMachinery





VLSI Design



Shock and Vibration







Journal of



Volume 2014


SensorsJournal of





Propagation











RoboticsJournal of





Journal of



RotatingMachinery





VLSI Design



Shock and Vibration







Journal of



Volume 2014


SensorsJournal of





Propagation









research article study and application of polymer film...

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