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RESEARCH AND TEACHING

FACILITY MANAGEMENT

TAHFM INTERLINK 2012

April 30, 2012

Sarel Lavy, PhD

• Examples of research projects;

• FM programs at Texas A&M University;

• Opportunities for collaboration between industry and academia; and

• Open Q&A session.

OUTLINE

Three case studies for using BIM and COBiefor facility management:

• Approximately $800 billion was invested in new construction, facility renovations and additions in the U.S. in 2011 (U.S. Census Bureau).

• Large amount of data created during design and construction; unusable by facility management, and needs to be recreated.

RESEARCH PROJECT #1

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Research objective:

To analyze three case studies that use BIM/COBie for their FM functions.

Research methods:

Data was collected through interviews with FM personnel, and by reviewing documents.

RESEARCH PROJECT #1

Aspects studied:

- Responsibility of database formulation

- Characteristics of database:

- Open standards

- Technical knowledge/capabilities

- Usability

- Database formulation

- Technology

- Effect on work order response time

RESEARCH PROJECT #1

Projects selected:

- Three buildings of the Texas A&M University, all in the state of TX; two out of the three projects were HSC buildings

- Built in or after 2008

- BIM is used to formulate a database for the FM

RESEARCH PROJECT #1

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RESEARCH PROJECT #1

Usability– Primary Objective: Preventive Maintenance

– Sources used for inventory database:• Construction, commissioning documents of the equipment.

• Manufacturer’s manuals of the equipment.

• Facility walkthroughs and noting down equipment type and serial number. This information was used along with RS-Means.

• Database is usable for PM because:– Database is complete and accurate at the end of the

process.

– Database integrates with the CMMS to automate generation of PM schedules.

RESEARCH PROJECT #1

• Type of information gathered:

– Tier 2: Equipment inventory for O&M – ID, Make, Model, Serial Number, warranty information, maintenance instructions, etc

• Type of information not gathered:

– Tier 1: Accurate as-built geometry and Spatial program.

– Tier 3: As-designed BIM with energy analysis predictions.

(GSA 2011)

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Database formulation

The architect and the GC were not involved!

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Major conclusions:

- Data gathering, formulation and integration was properly done by the consultant; however, it could have been saved should the architect and the GC were involved in the process;

- BIM was used to only a small portion of its capabilities;

- No framework was established for the architect/GC to store the information in the BIM model; only 6-9% of the information was extracted from the model;

RESEARCH PROJECT #1

Major conclusions:

- Database creation was started after construction, which resulted in data recreation;

- Problems associated with technical knowledge/capabilities were handled by hiring a professional with appropriate skills set;

- Facility managers are confident that implementing these processes will reduce work order response times.

Limitations of the study:

- Conclusions can’t be generalized to other projects, locations, conditions, etc., as the study represents data collected in three case studies;

- Data collected by interviews reflects personal opinions of the respondents; and

- No validation of the conclusions has been conducted, except the three case studies.

RESEARCH PROJECT #1

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Analysis of energy management in healthcare facilities in the United States:

• The energy intensity of U.S. healthcare facilities is more than twice the average of the commercial sector (EIA 2008; Garris 2003).

• The energy demand of U.S. healthcare facilities is increasing (Robezieks 2008), while the domestic energy generation from fossil fuels and the total domestic energy generation have not changed significantly since 1970 and 1996, respectively (EIA 2010e).

RESEARCH PROJECT #2

Research objective:

To analyze the existence/non-existence relationships between the energy intensities in U.S. healthcare facilities and selected attributes of those facilities.

Research methods:

Data was obtained from IFMA/ASHE survey (2009), and analyzed using statistical software.

RESEARCH PROJECT #2

Facilities studied:

A total of 66 healthcare facilities in the United States were studied. Criteria for inclusion:

RESEARCH PROJECT #2

• Facility Type – Acute Care Facility or Medical Center

• Facility Location – in the U.S.

• Facility Age – Response Given

• Climate Zone – Response Given

• Presence of a Central Plant – Response Given

• Plannable Gross Area – Response Given

• Presence of a BAS – Response Given

• Required Energy Use Data

• Energy Intensity

– Within 6 Standard Deviations of the Sample Mean

– No obvious error

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Aspects studied:

- Energy intensity (Btu/sf/year) as a function of:

- Facility age;

- Facility type;

- Climate zone;

- Presence of a central plant; and

- Presence of a Building Automation System.

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U.S. Climate Zones (CBECS*, 2003):

* CBECS – The Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey

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Location of facilities:

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Adjusted R-Square Whole Model Leverage Plot

Findings – combined effect:

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Findings – individual effects:

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Major conclusions and recommendations:

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Passive procedures (Crooks 2011)

• High efficiency equipment

• Energy savings performance contracts

– Low, front-end risk

– Return of a portion of energy savings over time

Active Procedures (Borenstein et. al; Fontana 2011)

• Peak/off-peak pricing

• Users’ behavior

• Training and education programs

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Limitations of the study:

- Only acute care hospitals and medical centers are included in the study;

- Energy generation is not the focus of the study; and

- Unique combinations of factors that contribute to energy intensity (i.e., number of MRI machines, type of equipment, data centers, etc.) are not discussed because the data was not available.

RESEARCH PROJECT #2

FM PROGRAMS AT TEXAS A&M UNIVERSITY:

EXISTING AND FUTURE

Graduate Certificate in Facility Management:

FM PROGRAMS AT TAMU

• Open to any major on-campus;

• A student needs to take 15 credit hours of coursework;

• A capstone class is required – COSC 670.

• Research must be conducted on a facility management-related topic;

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GRADUATE CERTIFICATE

• Introduction to facility management;

• Strategic and tactical planning;

• Introduction to engineering economics;

• Building pro forma;

• The life cycle of a project;

• Maintenance management;

• Life cycle cost analysis;

• Key performance indicators and benchmarking;

• Facility condition assessment;

• Sustainability and environmental issues in FM;

• More…

COSC 670: Facility Management:

GRADUATE CERTIFICATE

ST. JOSEPH REGIONAL HEALTH CENTER, BRYAN, TX –SPRING 2008

MENTAL HEALTH MENTAL RETARDATION AUTHORITY OF BRAZOS VALLEY, BRYAN, TX – FALL 2008

GRADUATE CERTIFICATE

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GRADUATE CERTIFICATE

THE METHODIST HOSPITAL, HOUSTON, TX – FALL 2009

GRADUATE CERTIFICATE

CLEAR LAKE REGIONAL MEDICAL CENTER, WEBSTER, TX – SPRING 2012

• Project focus was strategies to reduce energy consumption;

• Students were divided into three teams of 4-5 members per team: HVAC, Electrical, Other;

• Two field trips were conducted to the hospital throughout the semester;

• Students presented their findings on 4/26/12, and their final reports are due by Mid-May.

GRADUATE CERTIFICATE

YOU CAN BE THE NEXT PROJECT…

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Undergraduate Minor in Facility Management:

FM PROGRAMS AT TAMU

• Open to any major;

• A student needs to take 18 credit hours of coursework;

• A summer internship must be taken in a facility management-related position;

• A capstone class is required – COSC 450;

• Expected to begin in the Fall 2013 semester.

Undergraduate Minor in Facility Management:

FM PROGRAMS AT TAMU

• Students will have to take one class from each of the following areas:

� Finance/accounting;� Leadership/administration;� Technical skills; and� Technology.

• We must have industry’s help to provide the students with summer internship opportunities.

HOW CAN YOU (INDUSTRY) COLLABORATE

WITH US (ACADEMIA)?

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COLLABORATION WITH TAMU

1. Class presentations

Benefits to industry: Exposure, interaction with students/faculty.

Cost: Visit to College Station

COLLABORATION WITH TAMU

2. Become involved with our FMIAC

Benefits to industry: Exposure, interaction with students/faculty/other facility managers, learn about our students and programs, contribute as an advisory group to our FM programs.

Cost: Visit to College Station

COLLABORATION WITH TAMU

3. Class projects

Benefits to industry: Exposure, interaction with students, copies of the students’ final reports and presentations.

Cost: $1,500 – $2,500 per project per semester

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COLLABORATION WITH TAMU

4. Summer internship

Benefits to industry: Exposure, interaction with students, full-time employee that can produce, recruit future employees to your organization.

Cost: $7,000 – $10,000 per student

COLLABORATION WITH TAMU

5. Research project

Benefits to industry: Exposure, interaction with students and faculty, resolves a specific issue of interest/problem, access to library materials.

Cost: Depends on the scope of project

Sarel Lavy, PhD

Department of Construction Science

College of Architecture

3137 TAMU

College Station, TX 77843-3137

Phone #: 979.845.0632

Fax #: 979.862.1572

Email: slavy@arch.tamu.edu

Website: http://faculty.arch.tamu.edu/slavy

CONTACT INFORMATION