r 40 8 los manglares número de palabras: 1,116...

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HOUGHTON MIFFLIN por Elspeth Leacock Los manglares Number of Words: 994 LESSON 8 TEACHER’S GUIDE Los manglares by Elspeth Leacock Fountas-Pinnell Level S Informational Text Selection Summary Mangrove swamps are home to many kinds of animals. People once cut down mangrove trees, destroying the delicate balance of living things in the ecosystem. Today mangrove trees are protected by laws. It is our job to protect the mangrove swamps and the animals that live there. Copyright © by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company All rights reserved. No part of this work may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying or recording, or by any information storage or retrieval system, without the prior written permission of the copyright owner unless such copying is expressly permitted by federal copyright law. Permission is hereby granted to individual teachers using the corresponding (discipline) Leveled Readers to photocopy student worksheets from this publication in classroom quantities for instructional use and not for resale. Requests for information on other matters regarding duplication of this work should be addressed to Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company, Attn: Contracts, Copyrights, and Licensing, 9400 SouthPark Center Loop, Orlando, Florida 32819. Printed in the U.S.A. 978-0-547-32698-6 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 0940 15 14 13 12 11 10 09 If you have received these materials as examination copies free of charge, Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company retains title to the materials and they may not be resold. Resale of examination copies is strictly prohibited. Possession of this publication in print format does not entitle users to convert this publication, or any portion of it, into electronic format. Characteristics of the Text Genre • Informational Text Text Structure • Underlying structures of description and compare and contrast Content • Explanation of why mangrove swamps are important • Description of animal life in mangrove swamps • The importance of protecting the mangrove swamp Themes and Ideas • It is important to learn about habitats and the consequences of damaging them. • Destroying one thing can lead to the destruction of many other things. • People have a responsibility to protect the environment. Language and Literary Features • Descriptive language to help understand an unfamiliar setting Sentence Complexity • Sentences with nouns and verbs in series divided by commas • Questions and answers to deliver content Vocabulary • Many new vocabulary words that readers must derive from context or use dictionaries • Many content-specific words, most defined in the text Words • Many multisyllable proper nouns that are difficult to decode • Many multisyllable words: científicos, medioambiente, gobierno, alimento Illustrations • Colorful photographs support the text Book and Print Features • Easy-to-read section headings and photographs on most pages • Photographs with captions © 2006. Fountas, I.C. & Pinnell, G.S. Teaching for Comprehending and Fluency, Heinemann, Portsmouth, N.H.

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HOUGHTON MIFFLIN

1034948

ISBN-13:978-0-547-04665-5ISBN-10:0-547-04665-0

por Elspeth Leacock

Losmanglares

Nivel: R

EDL: 40CienciasEstrategia:Analizar/Evaluar

Número de palabras: 1,116

5.2.3 Construir vocabulario

HOUGHTON MIFFLIN

Libritos niveladosen línea

5_046655_VR2_3BL_MANGROVE_CVR.in1 1 4/4/08 11:04:21 AMNumber of Words: 994

L E S S O N 8 T E A C H E R ’ S G U I D E

Los manglaresby Elspeth Leacock

Fountas-Pinnell Level SInformational TextSelection SummaryMangrove swamps are home to many kinds of animals. People once cut down mangrove trees, destroying the delicate balance of living things in the ecosystem. Today mangrove trees are protected by laws. It is our job to protect the mangrove swamps and the animals that live there.

Copyright © by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

All rights reserved. No part of this work may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying or recording, or by any information storage or retrieval system, without the prior written permission of the copyright owner unless such copying is expressly permitted by federal copyright law. Permission is hereby granted to individual teachers using the corresponding (discipline) Leveled Readers to photocopy student worksheets from this publication in classroom quantities for instructional use and not for resale. Requests for information on other matters regarding duplication of this work should be addressed to Houghton Miffl in Harcourt Publishing Company, Attn: Contracts, Copyrights, and Licensing, 9400 SouthPark Center Loop, Orlando, Florida 32819. Printed in the U.S.A. 978-0-547-32698-6 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 0940 15 14 13 12 11 10 09

If you have received these materials as examination copies free of charge, Houghton Miffl in Harcourt Publishing Company retains title to the materials and they may not be resold. Resale of examination copies is strictly prohibited.

Possession of this publication in print format does not entitle users to convert this publication, or any portion of it, into electronic format.

Characteristics of the Text Genre • Informational Text

Text Structure • Underlying structures of description and compare and contrast Content • Explanation of why mangrove swamps are important

• Description of animal life in mangrove swamps• The importance of protecting the mangrove swamp

Themes and Ideas • It is important to learn about habitats and the consequences of damaging them. • Destroying one thing can lead to the destruction of many other things. • People have a responsibility to protect the environment.

Language and Literary Features

• Descriptive language to help understand an unfamiliar setting

Sentence Complexity • Sentences with nouns and verbs in series divided by commas• Questions and answers to deliver content

Vocabulary • Many new vocabulary words that readers must derive from context or use dictionaries• Many content-specifi c words, most defi ned in the text

Words • Many multisyllable proper nouns that are diffi cult to decode• Many multisyllable words: científi cos, medioambiente, gobierno, alimento

Illustrations • Colorful photographs support the textBook and Print Features • Easy-to-read section headings and photographs on most pages

• Photographs with captions© 2006. Fountas, I.C. & Pinnell, G.S. Teaching for Comprehending and Fluency, Heinemann, Portsmouth, N.H.

5_326986_BL_VRTG_L08_Swamp_SPA.indd 1 1/22/10 5:38:46 AM

Target Vocabulary

adaptar – cambiar, p. 10atraer – hacer que la atención

y el interés vayan hacia algo, p. 6

conservar – usar algo con cuidado, para no gastarlo, p. 14

en peligro de extinción – un grupo de animales o plantas que están en peligro de morir, p. 12

guardián – persona que protege o cuida a otros, p. 14

regular – controlar o dirigir según reglas, p. 5

responsabilidad – un trabajo o deber, p. 14

restablecer – hacer que algo vuelva al estado original, p. 5

único – que sólo esa cosa o persona pertenece a su especie, p. 4

vegetación – las plantas que pertenecen a un área, p. 4

Los manglares by Elspeth Leacock

Build BackgroundHelp students use their knowledge of animal life such as alligators, fi sh, shrimp, and birds to visualize the selection. Build interest by asking questions such as the following: ¿Qué tipo de lugar se imaginan cuando piensan en un manglar? En general, ¿a las personas les gustan los manglares o no? Read the title and author and talk about the cover illustration. Tell students that this book is nonfi ction, so the facts and descriptions are true.

Introduce the TextGuide students through the text, noting important ideas and nonfi ction features. Help with unfamiliar language so they can read the text successfully. Give special attention to target vocabulary. Here are some suggestions:

Pages 3–4: Draw students’ attention to the pictures and read the caption. Suggested language: Los manglares son un tipo de árbol que crece en aguas poco profundas. Son un tipo de vegetación única. ¿En qué se diferencian estos árboles de otros árboles que hayan visto?

Page 6: Muchos peces grandes son atraídos hacia los manglares. Miren las fotografías. ¿Por qué creen que los peces grandes querrían ir a los manglares?

Pages 8–9: Point out that captions can give clues about information in the text. Miren las fotografías y los títulos. ¿Qué otros animales viven en los manglares? Algunos de estos animales han cambiado, o se han adaptado, para vivir en los manglares. ¿Qué le puede pasar a un animal que no puede adaptarse a las condiciones del manglar?

Page 12: Miren la fotografía y lean el rótulo. ¿Por qué creen que un animal como el cocodrilo necesita leyes que lo protejan?

Ahora, vuelvan al comienzo del libro para descubrir sobre los animales que viven en los manglares.

2 Lesson 8: Los manglaresGrade 5© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

5_326986_BL_VRTG_L08_Swamp_SPA.indd 2 1/22/10 5:38:47 AM

ReadHave students read silently while you listen to individual students read aloud. Support their understanding of the text as needed.

Remind students to use the Analyze/Evaluate Strategy as they read and think carefully about the information in the text to form an opinion about what they read.

Discuss and Revisit the TextPersonal ResponseInvite students to share their personal responses to the book.Suggested language: ¿Qué información sobre los manglares les pareció más interesante? ¿Sobre qué animal de los manglares les gustó más leer? ¿Por qué?

Ways of ThinkingAs you discuss the text, help students understand these points:

Thinking Within the Text Thinking Beyond the Text Thinking About the Text

• Mangroves are trees that live in a mixture of salt and fresh water.

• Mangrove swamps are home to pink shrimp, baby lobsters, fi sh, baby sharks, pelicans, raccoons, crocodiles, and alligators.

• There are laws to protect and restore mangrove swamps in order to provide homes to the many animals that live there.

• It is important to create laws to protect the environment in order to prevent the extinction of animals.

• If one part of a habitat is destroyed, the animals that rely on that habitat can no longer live.

• People must discover what lives in an area and the importance of the area before they build in or change the area.

• Section heads help the reader understand what is described in that section.

• The captions explain the photographs and help readers understand what is described in the text.

• The author includes many details about the habitat and animals in the mangrove swamp to help the reader visualize the area.

© 2006. Fountas, I.C. & Pinnell, G.S. Teaching for Comprehending and Fluency, Heinemann, Portsmouth, N.H.

Choices for Further Support• Fluency Invite students to choose a passage from the text to use for a readers’

theater. Remind them to pay attention to punctuation and to stress certain words in order to sound as if the narrator is actually speaking.

• Comprehension Based on your observations of the students’ reading and discussion, revisit parts of the text to clarify or extend comprehension. Remind students to go back to the text to support their ideas.

• Phonics/Word Work Provide practice as needed with words and word parts, using examples from the text. Explain to students that adjectives are used to describe. Adjectives help visualize the information more clearly. For example, on page 3, the word molestosos describes the word mapaches. Other examples are: raíces altas (p. 4), refugios seguros (p. 6), almuerzo perfecto (p. 7).

3 Lesson 8: Los manglaresGrade 5© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

5_326986_BL_VRTG_L08_Swamp_SPA.indd 3 1/22/10 5:38:47 AM

Writing about ReadingVocabulary PracticeHave students complete the Vocabulario questions on Hoja reproducible 8.1.

RespondingHave students use their Reader’s Notebook to complete the vocabulary activities on page 15. Remind them to answer the Word Teaser on page 16. (Answer: atraer )

Reading Nonfi ctionNonfiction Features: Captions and Photographs Remind students that nonfi ction has many features to help readers fi nd and understand important information. Captions and photographs are two of these features. Explain that captions can be short phrases or longer sentences, as in this book. Captions tell what a photo is about. Reading the captions in a nonfi ction book is a good way to preview the book before reading the main text.

Photos are another important source of information. They often add information that is not in the text. Have children look again at the photo on page 8. Ask what information they can learn from the photo (el tamaño de los pelícanos, el color de la cabeza de un pelícano, el color de los huevos). Then have children choose a photo in the book and write a different caption for the photo, based on what they see in the photo.

Writing Prompt: Thinking Beyond the TextHave students write a response to the prompt on page 6. Remind them that when they think beyond the text, they use their personal knowledge to reach new understandings.

Assessment Prompts• Page 6 is mainly about

________________________________________________________________.

• The main purpose of the text on pages 13 and 14 is to

________________________________________________________________.

• Which words on page 8 help the reader understand what cadena alimenticia means?

4 Lesson 8: Los manglaresGrade 5© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

5_326986_BL_VRTG_L08_Swamp_SPA.indd 4 1/22/10 5:38:48 AM

Vocabulario claveCompleta el siguiente mapa de T con tus ideas sobre la protección del medio ambiente. Usa cada una de las palabras de Vocabulario clave al menos una vez en oraciones, para describir ya sea beneficios o desafíos para proteger el medio ambiente.

conservarrestablecerregularvegetación

en peligro de extinciónresponsabilidadatraer

adaptarúnicoguardián

Vocabulario

Protección de nuestro medio ambiente

• salvar a las plantas y a los animales en peligro de extinción es bueno para todo el planeta.

• conservar energía y reciclar requiere esfuerzo

Benefi cios Desafíos

Vocabulario clave© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company. All rights reserved.

Grado 5, Unidad 2: Encuentros salvajes

Los manglaresVocabulario clave

3

Nombre Fecha

Lección 8H O J A R E P R O D U C I B L E 8 . 1

• Preservar las áreas naturales puede atraer visitantes y ayudar a la economía local.

las personas no se ponen de acuerdo en cuál es la mejor manera de regular el uso de las áreas naturales.

Se muestran respuestas posibles.

5_352930RTXSAN_L08_2R.indd 3 1/1/01 1:51:08 PM

14

¡A escribir!

El texto y el mundo Muchas personas trabajan

arduamente para restablecer las cosas. ¿Qué te gustaría

restablecer? Escribe sobre algo que pienses que debe ser

restablecido. Menciona qué es, cómo sería restablecido y

por qué debe ser restablecido. Usa palabras de la red en

tu escrito.

ResponderVOCABULARIO CLAVE Formar palabras ¿Qué

otras palabras signifi can lo mismo que restablecer?

Copia la red de palabras y añade más palabras.

reponer

restablecer

5_046655_VR2_3BL_MANGROVE_L08.in14 14 10/30/09 11:21:26 AM

5 Lesson 8: Los manglaresGrade 5© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

5_326986_BL_VRTG_L08_Swamp_SPA.indd 5 1/22/10 5:38:49 AM

Nombre Fecha

Los manglaresPensar más allá del texto

Piensa en las siguientes preguntas. Después, escribe tu respuesta en uno o dos párrafos.

Recuerda que cuando piensas más allá del texto, usas tu conocimiento personal para comprender las cosas de un modo nuevo.

En la página 14, el texto nos dice que debemos ser “guardianes del planeta”. ¿Qué significa esto? ¿Por qué es importante ser un guardián del planeta? ¿Qué cosas puedes hacer para ser un guardián del planeta? Usa ejemplos del texto para fundamentar tu respuesta.

6Grade 5© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

Lesson 8: Los manglares

5_326986_BL_VRTG_L08_Swamp_SPA.indd 6 1/22/10 5:38:52 AM

Vocabulario claveCompleta el siguiente mapa de T con tus ideas sobre la protección del medio ambiente. Usa cada una de las palabras de Vocabulario clave al menos una vez en oraciones, para describir ya sea beneficios o desafíos para proteger el medio ambiente.

conservarrestablecerregularvegetación

en peligro de extinciónresponsabilidadatraer

adaptarúnicoguardián

Vocabulario

Protección de nuestro medio ambiente

• salvar a las plantas y a los animales en peligro de extinción es bueno para todo el planeta.

• conservar energía y reciclar requiere esfuerzo

Benefi cios Desafíos

7Grade 5© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

Lesson 8: Los manglares

Los manglaresVocabulario clave

Nombre Fecha Lección 8

H O J A R E P R O D U C I B L E 8 . 1

5_326986_BL_VRTG_L08_Swamp_SPA.indd 7 1/22/10 5:38:52 AM

1416

606

Estudiante Fecha Lección 8

H o j a r e p r o d u c i b l e

Los manglaresRegistro de lectura

Los manglares • nivel s

Behavior Code Error

Substitution lodo lobo 1

Self-corrects lodo sc lobo 0

Insertion el

ˆlobo 1

Word told T lobo 1

Behavior Code Error

Read word correctly ✓ lobo 0

Repeated word, sentence, or phrase

® lobo

0

Omission lobo 1

page Selection Text Errors Self-Corrections

2

3

¿Qué tienen en común los cocodrilos grandes, los

mapaches molestosos, el pelícano pardo y el camarón rosado?

¡Su dirección! Todos ellos viven en un manglar, y yo te voy

a llevar allí. Así que ponte tu traje de baño y rocíate con mucho

repelente de insectos. Después cúbrete con una gorra y una

camisa de manga larga. Los manglares crecen en agua poco

profunda así que tomaremos un hidrodeslizador. Mi nombre es

Sara. ¡Bienvenidos a bordo!

Observa a tu alrededor. Durante muchas millas la única

vegetación que ves son manglares. Hay una buena razón para

esto.

Los manglares son únicos.

Comments: Accuracy Rate (# words read correctly/100 ×

100)

%

Self-Correction Rate

(# errors + # Self-Corrections/ Self-Corrections)

1:

8Grade 5© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

Lesson 8: Los manglares

5_326986_BL_VRTG_L08_Swamp_SPA.indd 8 1/23/10 7:23:36 AM