project management by results / by objectives
TRANSCRIPT
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Performance Management:Project Management by
Objectives
14th September2011Ibadan, NigeriaErrol Goetsch
+27 78 573 [email protected]
www.xmentors.us
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Key Learning Points1 A of Projects 2 Q's of Objectives 3 Dimensions of Governance 4 Elements of Excellence 7 Steps in Development 10 Physical Results
BenefitsProjects
AgenciesProgrammes
Community
DonorsIntermediaries
7 The Context
D
D
D
3 The Organisation
10 The Results
PremisesPower
Products
Policies
ProgressProof
Pay off
PeoplePayments
Payers
Actual
Target= 100 %1 The
Aim
2 The Axes
Q
QE
EE
E
4 The Project
X =
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Errol [email protected]
Family2 sons Adam (11) and Ethan (9)Live: Johannesburg Born: Windhoek
StudiedBA Honours LLB MBA now PhD
LecturerEconomics / Strategy / Project ManagementManagerial Finance / MarketingOrganisational Behaviour / Politics
Past EmployMerchant Investors Group (London)Inkatha InstituteBoland / Absa Group / Nedcor BanksIQ GroupVarious Consultancies
Audited 100’s of projects
DevelopedSoftware for auditing / managingM&E Reports / Sustainability / Impact
Capacity / Balanced Scorecards / KAP tools / HIV Aids Impact
Founded
PPASA Centre of ExcellenceThe XE4 Foundation for ExcellenceThe Centre for Social Impact
ProjectsZambia Commodity ExchangeSwaziland Textile Industry revivalLoveLife HIV/AidsDurban WaterfrontCato Manor Land SchemeNdwedwe Electrification ProgrammeWater 2000National Housing ConferenceKwaZulu Local Economic DevelopmentDurban Ordnances RewriteKwaZulu Finance Corporation collateralisationEast London Municipality HIV/Aids impactSedibeng District Municipality Service Level Protest
Prediction and ManagementBanking mergersCorporate GovernanceElectronic banking systemsInformation system rollout
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Key LessonsThe planning for projects is the same
1 - Aim of Project Management2 - Q’s of Project Measurement3 - Dimensions of Governance4 - Elements of Project Performance5 - Results of Projects7 - Steps in Risk Profiling10 - Physical Assets of Projects
Answer: Current ScoreAnswer: Quantity and Quality Answer: AssessmentAnswer: ExcellenceAnswer: Strategic & Operational ResultsAnswer: StepsAnswer: Capacity
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PROJECT PERFORMANCEProject results are the aim of Management by Objectives
ProjectTerm-limited (defined end-date)Special purpose (unique outcome)Objectives (set targets) for cost, period, product and outcomeResults scores against targets
RiskThe COST of getting the project back on track- in money – vs budget over-run- in time – vs project plan delay- in product – vs delivery shortfall- in outcome – vs needs unmet
QualityThe VALUE of being on track- in money – vs budget - Economy- in time – vs project plan - Efficiency- in productivity – vs delivery - Effectiveness- in impact – vs cost benefit ratio - Equity
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PROJECT PERFORMANCEProject results are the aim of Management by Objectives
ProjectTerm-limited (defined end-date)Special purpose (unique outcome)Objectives (set targets) for cost, period, product and outcomeResults scores against targets
RiskThe COST of getting the project back on track- in money – vs budget over-run- in time – vs project plan delay- in product – vs delivery shortfall- in outcome – vs needs unmet
QualityThe VALUE of being on track- in money – vs budget - Economy- in time – vs project plan - Efficiency- in productivity – vs delivery - Effectiveness- in impact – vs cost benefit ratio - Equity
Actual
Target
%= Date
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Risks: The Asset RegisterThe set of 10 Physical Results and their sources
Function Activity: Workplan / Budget Quality
1 R&D Why: Designing solutions to problems Policy
2 Marketing What for: Attracting people who care Payers
3 Finance What with: Budgets to match income to expenses Payment
4 HR Who with: Hiring people who work People
5 Facilities Where: Getting places to work Premises
6 Procurement How: Getting inputs that work Power
7 Project When: Getting outputs on time Products
8 Quality What if: Solving risks Progress
9 Information What: Producing evidence Proof
10 Strategy Who for: Satisfying stakeholders Payoff
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Benefits
Projects
Agencies
Programmes
Intermediaries
Community
Donors
collect
decide
choose
deliver
design
change
Money
Costs
Work
Time
Results
Benefits
x
=
Budgets
Work Plans
Impact Assessment
Baseline
Progress reports
Mid-Term reports
RISK CONTEXT: Cash FlowThe 7 Steps in roles, tasks, and reports
Set of products and services delivered
Delivery mechanism
Designer and Implementer of Solution
Development priority
Government / Donor Agency / Bank
Actual direct + indirect beneficiaries
Taxpayer / Shareholder / Benefactorcare Receipts
End-Term reports
See PROBLEM
See SOLUTION
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Outcomes
Inputs
Households
Factor Market
OrganisationsWork
Goods Market
Outputs
%
$
Time
#
The least cost for a given level of output / Target
The most delivery for a given cost / Target
The least time for a given level of output / Target
The most impact for a given cost / Target
Impact
Capacity
Performance
Benefits
COSTSTry reduce
BENEFITSTry increase
Procurement Human Resources Project Strategy
CONSEQUENCE: Measuring RiskWhen managers are missing or messing
C/B Equity
Economy
Efficiency
Effectiveness
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Economy EffectivenessEfficiency Cost/Benefit Equity
Costing Risk: Project PerformanceThe effect of risk on the project
E X E L E N C EC LX =
Outcomes
Inputs
Work
Outputs
50%
50%
50%
50%
% % % %X =
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CONSEQUENCES: Results AuditMissing or Messing Managers don’t give questions or get answers
Perfect – Level - can carry load
Payers Payments Products Proof Pay offPlacesPolicy People Power Progress
Marketing Finance Project StrategyM&EProcurement
R&D HR Facilities Risk
What for
What with
When What Who For
WhereWhy Who with
How What If
100%
13
Target = 100%40 x 80 = 320020 x 40 = 800Actual = 25%
QualityMarks
How much Target = 40Actual = 20
QuantityGraduates
100%
50%
100%50%
MEASUREMENT: ResultsTThe 2 Q’s of Results
How wellTarget = 80%Actual = 40%
X
X
Success Failure
25%
Benefit: School Graduates
Pass rate
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Target = 100%
10 x 30
QualitySolutions
How much Target = 10Actual = 5
QuantityProblems
100%
50%
100%50%
MEASUREMENT: R&DR&D produces Policies
How wellTarget = 30Actual = 15
X
X
Success Failure
25%
R&D
Policies
15
Target = 100%
2 x 1000 000
QualityDonations
How much Target = 2Actual = 1
QuantityDonors
100%
50%
100%50%
MEASUREMENT: MarketingMarketing produces Payers
How wellTarget = 1000 000Actual = 500 000
X
X
Success Failure
25%
Marketing
Payers
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Target = 100%
100% x 100%
QualityExpenses (payment out)
How much Target = 2000 000Actual = 500 000
QuantityIncome (payment in)
100%
50%
100%50%
MEASUREMENT: FinanceFinance produces Payments
How wellTarget = 500 000Actual = 250 000
X
X
Success Failure
25%
Finance
Payments
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Target = 100%
10 000
QualitySkills
How much Target = 20Actual = 10
QuantityStaff
100%
50%
100%50%
MEASUREMENT: HRHR produces People
How wellTarget = 10Actual = 5
X
X
Success Failure
25%
Human Results
People
18
Target = 100%
1 000 x 10
QualityFeatures
How much Target = 1000m2
Actual = 500m2
QuantityLocations
100%
50%
100%50%
MEASUREMENT: FacilitiesFacilities produces Premises
How wellTarget = 10Actual = 5
X
X
Success Failure
25%
Facilities
Premises
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Target = 100%
1 000
QualityFeatures
How much Target = 100Actual = 50
QuantityInputs
100%
50%
100%50%
MEASUREMENT: ProcurementProcurement produces Power
How wellTarget = 10Actual = 5
X
X
Success Failure
25%
Procurement
Power
20
Target = 100%
2 000
QualityFunctionality
How much Target = 1000Actual = 500
QuantityOutputs
100%
50%
100%50%
MEASUREMENT: ProjectProject produces Project produces PProductsroducts
How wellTarget = 2Actual = 1
X
X
Success Failure
25%
Project Production
Products
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Target = 100%
10 000
QualityBeneficiaries
How much Target = 10Actual = 5
QuantityBenefits
100%
50%
100%50%
MEASUREMENT: QualityQuality produces Quality produces PProgressrogress
How wellTarget = 1 000Actual = 500
X
X
Success Failure
25%
Risk Quality
Progress
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Target = 100%
200
QualityCoverage
How much Target = 20Actual = 10
QuantityReports
100%
50%
100%50%
MEASUREMENT: Audit / Info / M&EM&E produces Proof
How wellTarget = 10Actual = 5
X
X
Success Failure
25%
Information Audit / M&E
Proof
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Target = 100%
10 000
QualitySatisfaction
How much Target = 1500Actual = 750
QuantityStakeholders
100%
50%
100%50%
MEASUREMENT: StrategyStrategy produces Strategy produces PPayoffsayoffs
How wellTarget = 5Actual = 2.5
X
X
Success Failure
25%
Strategy
Payoff
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Deliver Operationswork / effort
DirectorsBoard Room
ManagersHead Office
ACTUALSanswers
TARGETSquestions
SCORE
Decide Strategy balance / authority
Design SystemOrganisation / skill
StaffField Office
Who / Where Do / Need What Result
Corporate Governance = ability to get good Decisions, Designs and Delivery
CURES: Corporate GovernanceThe 3 Dimensions of Results - in the organisation
Actuals
Targets= Score %