presidency of thomas jefferson: 1801-1809 “jeffersonian” democracy role of yeoman farmer in...
TRANSCRIPT
Presidency of Thomas Jefferson:1801-1809
“Jeffersonian” Democracy• Role of yeoman farmer in
republic• States’ rights must be
protected• Freedom of speech is essential• Scope of federal government
should be reduced
Jefferson as President
(1801 - 1809)Why is Thomas
Jefferson referred to as a “sphinx” or an
“enigma”?
TJ First Term Issues (1801-1805)
• “Common Man” Precedents
• TJ follows inauguration pledge and keeps most Hamiltonian economic plans=economy improves & national debt is reduced.
• Federalist Chief Justice John Marshall strengthens the Supreme Court: – Marbury v. Madison (1803) establishes power of Judicial
Review
• Territorial Expansion (Louisiana Purchase/Lewis & Clark Expedition)
Louisiana Purchase, 1803• Largest territorial acquisition• Connected to Jefferson’s agricultural hopes for
America/port of New Orleans for Western crops• Purchase violated Jefferson’s belief in strict
constructionism• Napoleon’s role
Louisiana Purchase from Napoleon (1803) – clash of Jefferson’spolitical philosophy & pragmatism
Second Term Issues (1805-1809)• TJ attempts to maintain neutrality in Napoleonic Wars
• Impressment of U.S. sailors & attack on USS Chesapeake (1807) by British further increase tensions
• Embargo Act of 1807; replaced with scaled down “Non-Intercourse” Act (1809)
• “Economic Coercion” postpones war until 1812
Enigmatic Jefferson retires withnation at brink of war and in flux economically
He writes, finishes Monticello and founds UVA…dies on July 4th, 1826
War of 1812
Causes• British impressments• Interference w/American
commerce• British aid to Native
Americans on frontier
Consequences• Contributed to demise of
Federalist party• Intensified nationalist
feelings• Promoted industrialization• Advanced career of Andrew
Jackson• http://www.youtube.com/w
atch?v=50_iRIcxsz0