Presentation on IEC 61400-26Richard Nichol

IEC 61400-26 Committee Member

Aim of this presentation

• Awareness of the IEC’s involvement in Standards in the Wind Industry and why.

• Awareness of the IEC standard of ‘Availability’ & what stage it is at.

• Awareness of the next stages of the Standard• Where to go for more information.

Name of presentation3

The Need for Standards in the Wind Industry…

1970s – 1980s• Primarily; Owners &

Investors in US & Europe approached the IEC with a requirement to set standards for commericial WTGs.

• Main driver; Conformity for Grid Regulation & Financing

The Call to IEC on Availability…

Dear Manufacturers…What’s the availability of

your WTGs…!!

Well we…

Do it this

way---

But we do it this way---

However we do it

this way---

Aaah..but we do it

this way---

Therefore Owners & Investors collectively made a request to IEC for a standard so that they can better manage their portfolio.

Example of some diferences…(no names…!)

• Some manufacturers do not count logistics time as Down Time….ￚ Therefore if it was a major fault and WTG was awaiting a part for 1 month WTG was

‘Available’

• Some manufacturers only count time during cut-in/cut-out….ￚ Therefore no indication of the turbine ‘state’ in no wind conditions..

• 1 Manufacturer did not include weekends and holidays…!ￚ So peoduction on weekends counted as upside sharing?!

• But most manufacturers have different nomenclatures/bins/names for events in time and did not present all data or in a standard way…..

• Therefore Owners & Investors found it difficult to to ge a common picture..!• Summary: IEC can help…Itcannot dictate this (as much of this is contractual

however) it can drive a common basis for calculating availability and be referenced to in a contract.

What is the IEC?

IEC = International Electrotechnical Commission• Founded in 1906• world’s leading

organization for the preparation and publication of International Standards for all electrical, electronic and related technologies.

IEC provides a platform to companies, industries and

governments for meeting, discussing and developing the

International Standards they require

All IEC International Standards are fully

consensus-based and represent the needs of

key stakeholders of every nation

participating in IEC work. Every member

country, no matter how large or small, has one vote and a say in what

goes into an IEC International Standard.

IEC TC 88 – Wind Turbines and it’s RoleA TC – Technical Committee prepares international standards for wind turbines that convert wind energy into electrical energy. These standards address design requirements, engineering integrity, measurement techniques and test procedures. Their purpose is to provide a basis for design, quality assurance and certification. The standards are concerned with all subsystems of wind turbines, such as mechanical and internal electrical systems, support structures and control and protection systems. They are intended to be used together with appropriate IEC/ISO standards.• TC 88 creates sub committes (61400) for specific areas, examples are:

• 61400 – 12 (Power Curves)• 61400-25 – Communications Protocols (open standard)• 61400-26 - Availability for wind turbines and wind turbine plants

ￚ 61400-26-1 – Time Based Availabiiltyￚ 61400-26-2 – Production based WTG Availabilityￚ 61400-26-3 – Wind Power Plant Availability (Time & Production)

http://www.iec.ch/

But What is Time Based Availability? (Whiteboard time…?)

• 61400-26 - Availability for wind turbines and wind turbine plantsￚ61400-26-1 – Time Based Availabiiltyￚ61400-26-2 – Production based WTG

Availabilityￚ61400-26-3 – Wind Power Plant Availability

(Time & Production)

61400-26-1 Time Based Availabiilty• Convened 2008 with first element to focus on Time Based Availability (WTG)• Chairman; Bob Sherwin (EAPC Wind Energy Services) , Secretary, Niels Raban

DONG Energy• Quarterly Meetings, normally hosted by one of the committee members• Typical attendees;

• Manufacturers

ￚ Vestas, GE, Gamesa, Enercon, Acciona, NORDEX, (Siemans)• Owners:

ￚ EDPR, RWE, Iberdrola, Vattenfall, DONG, Statkraft, E.ON• Independents:

ￚ Bachmann (Controllers), Garrad Hassan, Wind Specialists• 26-1 Now awaiting final approval from TC 88 and likely publication after next TC 88 meeting

in September 2011• The committee is then broken down into National Commitees who represent their regions

and can vote against the standard (Denmark, US, Germany, Spain)• Two new nations recently joined, Russia (unknown) & South Africa (ESKOM – largest

producer of power in Africa)..

Note..Main document contains definitions.1-12 Priority (1 lowest)An Additional non-mandatory column can be added to give more detailScenario:1. Heavy Ice on Blades (Running but not as maximum)• Information Available• Operative• Generating• Partial Performance• (IAOGPP)2. Wind Speed 1 m/s• Operative• Non-Generating• Out of Environmental

Specification• (IAONGEN)

Information categoriesMandatory

Level 1 MandatoryLevel 2

Mandatory

Level 3

Mandatory

Level 4

Mandatory

Priority

 

INFORMATION AVAILABLE

(IA)

OPERATIVE

(IAO)

 

GENERATING (IAOG)

 

FULL PERFORMANCE (IAOGFP)

1

PARTIAL PERFORMANCE (IAOGPP)

2

NON-GENERATING

(IAONG)

 

TECHNICAL STANDBY (IAONGTS)

3

OUT OF ENVIRONMENTAL SPECIFICATION (IAONGEN)

4

REQUESTED SHUTDOWN (IAONGRS)

5

OUT OF ELECTRICAL SPECIFICATION (IAONGEL)

6

NON-OPERATIVE

(IANO)

 

SCHEDULED MAINTENANCE

(IANOSM)

7

PLANNED CORRECTIVE ACTION (IANOPCA) 8

FORCED OUTAGE

(IANOFO)

9

SUSPENDED

(IANOS)

10

FORCE MAJEURE

(IAFM)

11

INFORMATION UNAVAILABLE

(IU)

12

Once categorised…Key difference is multiple time states must be stored.

Example:

• Dead unit all week due to gearbox….• AND• 20 hrs of scheduled maintenance is done during the week

• Which one takes priority and what is the availability?

• This would affect Turbine Availability for assessing maintenance, but this priority may differ on a Contract…

• The power of this IEC is that ‘hidden events’ are now visible, ie, the broken pump issue may often be invisible to the customer in the data presented during a lighting storm…….

A unit if down all week due to a gearbox failure. 20 h of regular scheduled maintenance is done during this time

Down time is a higher priority and you cannot enter maintenance from this state

0,0 % 0,0 %

A Picture Paints a Thousand Words…

And the availability according to IEC 61400.26-1?

Severe Lightening Storms..

WTG forces stop… ACME Claim full

availability..But 7/10 WTGs had faulty oil

Pumps & could not generate

WTG Manufactuer

ACME installs 120mw in Norway..

Points to Remember on the IEC 61400-26-1• It is a Techncial reference/specification, not a Standard.. But may become one do

in time (3 years?)• -26-1 with TC 88 for final approval, once released will be copyrighted material.

• It will help frame and drive contracts• It contains examples of formulaes for calculation• It contains full definitions for every state.• It does not specify the length of a time bin, ie, 10 minutes (possible technical inpact)• It states that you can store several states, which are then prioritised – this is new and could

have several perspectives!• It was a tough standard to agree on and now has created the foundation for Production

Based Availability

• 61400-26 - Availability for wind turbines and wind turbine plantsￚ61400-26-1 – Time Based Availabiiltyￚ61400-26-2 – Production based WTG

Availabilityￚ61400-26-3 – Wind Power Plant Availability

(Time & Production)

IEC 61400-26-2 – WTG Production Based Availabilty

• Same committee as 26-1 Standard• Last meeting held in Gotland, Sweden in May 2011• Framework for document produced• Next meeting September 2011 hosted by Vermont Wind• Expected timeline:

• Sep 2011 –Vermont• Dec 2011– Hamburg (sponsored by Enercon)• March 2012 Tokyo (Sponsored by JWEA & Garrad Hassan• April 2012– Draft Submitted to TC 88 and National Committees for comment

• Jun 2012: Start Work on Wind Power Plant Availability…

• 61400-26 - Availability for wind turbines and wind turbine plantsￚ61400-26-1 – Time Based Availabiiltyￚ61400-26-2 – Production based WTG

Availabilityￚ61400-26-3 – Wind Power Plant

Availability (Time & Production)

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Thank you for your attention