prakt endokrin uisu 2011

7/26/2019 Prakt Endokrin Uisu 2011

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PATOLOGI ANATOMI

FK-UISU

2011-MEDAN


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The thyroid gland : on theanterior trachea of the neck.

Has a right lobe& a left lobe

connected by a narrow isthmus.

Weight:10-30 gr

Consists of follicles lined by a aneithelium and filled with colloid!he interstitium" which may

contain #C# cells


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HIPERSEKRESI KELENJAR TIROID

Peny Graves, !"s#" $!#er, #r!#%##s s&'a"&

(Has)#*!!+, a%en!*a !#"&er

HIPOSEKRESI KELENJAR TIROID

.re#n#s* (ana"2, #r!#% %" 'er "e*'an$, %e/

#!%#ne+, *ye%e*a (%easa, #ar!$en#", %#e+


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larger colloid cystsmaller colloid cyst


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Hashimoto$s thyroiditis%nitially leads to ainless

enlargement of the thyroid"

followed by atrohy years later

'ub-acute granulomatous

thyroiditis ()e*uer+ain,s disease

!he foreign body giant cells


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!he most common cause for an enlarged thyroid gland and the most commondisease of the thyroid


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%!he mass is well circumscribed.%ross : felt firm.%!his adenoma is a well- differentiated neolasm because it

closely resemble normal tissue.


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n+asion to the casulencreased in areas of dietary iodine deficiency

Hematogen metastases


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Papillary Carcinoma!he fronds of tissue ha+e thin fibro+ascular cores. !he

fronds ha+e an o+eral aillary attern./ote the small sammoma body in the center. !he cells of the

neolasm ha+e clear nuclei.


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Medullary Carcinoma

!hese neolasms are deri+ed from the thyroid #C# cells and" therefore"

ha+e neuroendocrine features such as secretion of calcitonin


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pituitary gland

The adenohypophysis is at the right (acidophils, basophils, and

chromophobes cells) and the neurohypophysis is at the left

(resembles neural tissue, with glial cells, nerve fibers, nerve

endings, and intra-axonal neurosecretory granules.


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pituitary adenoma


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Adenohypophyseal adenoma

%ndocrine neolasms are

comosed of small round cells

with small round nuclei andink to blue cytolasm.%!he cells may be arranged in

nests or cords and endocrine

tumors also ha+e rominent

+ascularity.


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Parathyroid hyperplasia

%There is little or no adipose tissue, but any or all cell types

normally found in parathyroid are present.

%Note the pink oxyphil cells here.


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Parathyroid adenoma

rim of normal

arathyroid

rim of normal arathyroid tissue admi2ed with adiose tissue

cells is seen comressed to the right and lower edge of theadenoma.


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Parathyroid carcinoma

%The nests of neoplastic cells that are not very pleomorphic.%Note the bands of fibrous tissue between the nests.%arathyroid carcinomas infiltrate surrounding structures in


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Normal adrenal glands

ach adult adrenal gland weighs from to 4 grams.


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An enlarged adrenal

gland

%)emonstrate tan-white

metastatic carcinomainfiltrating in and around the

residual golden yellow corte2%. !he most common rimary

site for adrenal metastases is

lung.


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This is a caseating granuloma of

tuberculosis in the adrenal gland.

%Tuberculosis used to be the

most common cause ofchronic adrenal

insufficiency.

%Now, idiopathic

(presumably autoimmune)!ddison"s disease is much

more often the cause for

chronic adrenal

insufficiency.


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Adrenal adenoma

%#ere is a adrenal adenoma found in a patient with hypertension.%!re typically less than $ cm in si%e and yellow on cut surface.


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Adrenal cortical carcinoma

%&uch neoplasms are usually functional (secreting

corticosteroids or sex steroids).

%They have a poor prognosis.%The larger the neoplasm, the more likely it is malignant, but

the best indicators are invasion and metastasis.


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Pheochromocytoma%Comosed of large cells that

are ink to mau+e and arranged

in nests with caillaries in

between.%5emember 106 when you

think of a heochromocytoma:

%106 are bilateral%106 are in children%106 are malignant.

!his neolasm of the adrenal

medulla contains catecholamines

(einehrine and noreinehrine.

prakt endokrin uisu 2011

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