“MICROCONTROLLER BASED OBJECT SEPERATOR

AND COUNTER”

APresentation

On

“MICROCONTROLLER BASED OBJECT SEPERATOR

AND COUNTER”

R C PATEL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGYSHIRPUR

Guided by

Prof. K.H .SONAWANE

PRESENTED BY

BHUSHAN AHIRE

we have sorted the object in three categories i.e. High, Medium and Low and if the bigger object comes in the range it is moved aside and the object come in this range is counted and passed and is displayed for the industrial use. And for the object sorting we have used three IR pairs (TX-RX) which would pass the object which is below the range of TX-RX and when the big object arises between TX & RX, the loop breaks and provides the signal to the

Microcontroller IC and counts that the object is bigger and allows the gear motor to move this object away. So all the object get sorted and counted when it comes in this range. Similarly operations are done for Medium and Small size. So in industry we can sort the object according to its size and placed aside, actually which is time consuming. So our project would be a great help to industry.

ABSTRACT

BLOCK DIAGRAM

There are different blocks used for different function. Here we explain working of each block step by step.•IR-TX (1 to 3):- Here it is used for converting electrical energy into infrared light energy. The light transmitted by this diode is invisible to us.•IR-RX (1 to 3):- IR-TX and RX are placed opposite to each other. When any object enter between them, then IR. light cuts and due to his resistance of IR-Receiver increases.

BLOCK DIAGRAM EXPLANATION

•Transistor Switching (1 to 3):- They are used to drive negative supply & to drive relay. When the object enters between sensors then negative supply is obtain. According to input the microcontroller provides signal to this section. The current obtain from the IC is not sufficient to drive relay therefore for relay driving relay driver is used means transistor switching circuit is used i.e. if the object appears the corresponding transistor triggers/switches.

•Microcontroller IC :- It is used to interface sensors with LCD and Relay. This section receives the signal from the IR-TX & IR-RX. According to which object has appeared. A logical low signal is provided to Microcontroller and according to the size of the object, assigns a counter to it and increments it and also which object appears, IC gives signal to the gear motor to move that block.

•LCD Display:- This is a 16*2 alphanumerical display, which displays the size as well as the count of object and which converts electrical signal to digital signal in visual form.

•Relay(1 to 3):- As the corresponding transistors gets triggered, It provides supply to the relay and the relay gets energized and gear motor gets started.

•Gear Motor:- Here gear motor is used to rotate the strip which is connected to the motor so that the object is moved away.

CIRCUIT DIAGRAM

The Different components are used for different Functions. Here we explain working of each component step by step.• Resistors(R1 to R3):- These resistors are used for current limitation of diode (D1 to D3). • Diode(D1 to D3):- These diodes are infrared light transmitter. They are used to convert electrical signal into corresponding Infrared light signal. The infrared light transmitted which is invisible to us.

CIRCUIT ACTION

•Resistor(R4 to R6):- These resistors are used for biasing. They bias positive supply to the base of transistor. •Diode(D4 to D6):- These Diodes are infrared light receiver. They used to sense IR light. IR-TX & RX are place to opposite of each other. The infrared light transmitted by transmitter is received by IR-RX. Therefore forward resistor IR decreases means they work as a diode and negative current is obtain at the base of corresponding transistor. When any object enter between any sensor then IR light gets cuts by the object and resistance of IR-RX increase, due to this positive current obtain at the base of corresponding transistor. Therefore corresponding transistor gets triggered and negative current flow from emitter to collector.

Transistor(Q1 to Q3):- These transistors are used for switching purpose.

•Resistor(R17 to R19):- These resistors are used for positive biasing.

•Microcontroller IC:- This IC is used to interface optic sensor with Relay & LCD Display. Here pin no. 31 & 40 is connected to VCC, Pin no. 20 is connected to VEE, Pin no. 1 to 3 is used as input pin and Port 0 (P0) is used for display driving.

•Transistor(Q4 to Q6):- These transistors are used as positive supply driver.

•Transistor(Q7 to Q9):- These transistors are used for relay driving.

• Relay(RL1 to RL3):- These relays are used to drive the gear motor.

• Resistor(R14 to R16):- These resistors are used for current limitation.

• Diode(D7 to D9):- These diodes are LEDs. They used for visual information of energies & De-energies.

PIN DIAGRAM

• The objects are sorted in fraction of the seconds in three categories i.e. High, Medium and Low.• Also the controller displays the count for the entire three objects.• Circuit size is small.• Mechanical assembly is simple to understand.• Circuit is easy to understand.• Consumes less power.• Requires low maintenance cost.• All the components are easily available in local market.

ADVANTAGES

•Circuit is costly.

•It only sorts according to the size and not according to weight.

•It cannot sort the objects if the size of the object is below low level or above high level.

•The user should reset the circuit after every 99 counts of each level.

DISADVANTAGES

•This circuit can be used in industry where objects are sorted in 3 sizes.

•Also the count for the object is displayed.

•This circuit can also be used in packaging industry where it continuously checks the sizes of the blocks and count is maintained.

APPLICATION

•We can also sort the object according to the weight.

•We can also give the voice information about the object and its count by using voice IC.

•If we attach the weights to strip of gear motor then it would move the object forcefully.

•We can attach the rotating belt on which the object can be moved to their particular destination.

FUTURE MODIFICATION

CONCLUSION

From this by using objects seperator and counter with the help of microcontroller. We can separate and counts the no of objects .

Any Query…?

Any Query…?