Pacific Islands Climate Change Pacific Islands Climate Change Assistance ProgammeAssistance Progamme

(PICCAP)(PICCAP)

CLIMATE CHANGE V & A: AIACC PROJECT CLIMATE CHANGE V & A: AIACC PROJECT DEVELOPMENT WORKSHOPDEVELOPMENT WORKSHOP

3-14 June, 20023-14 June, 2002

Trieste, ITALYTrieste, ITALY

Kanayathu Koshy

Pacific Centre for Environment and Sustainable Development

The University of the South Pacific

Suva, FIJI

Objectives of This Presentation

Report on findings of PICCAP Terminal Project Report conducted in March, 2002, and specifically:

Success storiesLessons learned

Background/ 1

A GEF/UNDP project, executed by SPREP, to build capacity of 10 Pacific Island Countries to address climate change issues

Commenced 1 July, 1997, initially for three years; plus a one year “top up”

Supported by many partners: international and regional

Background/ 2

During the PICCAP EA the countries developed and finalised:

1. 10 x GHG Inventories2. 1 x Regional GHG Synthesis3. 10 x Preliminary V&A Assessment and Statements4. 1 x Regional V&A Synthesis5. 1 X Regional Mitigation Synthesis6. 9 x Initial National Communication7. 1 x High-Level Regional Statement8. 6 x Draft National Implementation Strategies9. 1 x PICCAP CD-Rom containing PICCAP Products

Background/ 3

During the Top-Up

The top-up was designed to include technology, systematic observations and emission factors, but most countries could only continue PICCAP EA type activities

What were the Success Stories? /1

Robust project design: regional coordination and cooperation, with

national implementation Initial focus on building in-country capacity

improved coordination and consultation a pool of human resources - “country teams”

fundamentalNational and regional experts

Improved Training: the V&A Training Program Played critical role, eliminating need for

international experts

What were the Success Stories? /2

Enhanced information base and understanding of climate change across all sectors and key groups enhanced project management and design

processFirst National Communications

submitted by ten countriesMany other countries benefited from

PICCAP

What were the Lessons Learned? /1

In Country Capacity: the country team approach - works well when the teams have a clear mandate and line of responsibility, transparent, inclusive and lead by team leaders who are trained in project management and coordination.

Improving Sector Coordination: the country teams must be sectorally diverse, well coordinated and ‘mainstreamed’.

Project Design: The EA part itself was well designed but not the top-up phase.

What were the Lessons Learned? /2

Management and Approach: regional coordination with national implementation. This required expert full time training assistance which was less than forthcoming. This slowed down the top-up phase.

Reporting and Disbursement: considerable delays resulting from reporting and disbursement of funds requirements.

Implementing and Executing Agencies: lack of knowledge of different management and accounting systems slows progress.

Key to Mainstreaming Adaptation?

Make adaptation an integral component of the national risk management strategy

Countries already have policies and plans to manage: Financial risks Human health risks Agricultural risks Risks in the transport sector Energy supply risks, Etc

Need to add climate change and variability to that portfolio of risks

How do we Mainstream Adaptation? /1

Recognise that climate change is a significant impediment to successful economic development – i.e. a risk

We are experiencing a foretaste of that risk – climate variability

Manage that risk in an integrated manner – through adaptation

Ensure National Development Plans and sectoral plans include adaptation measures that will ensure risks are reduced to acceptable levels

How do we Mainstream Adaptation? /2

Undertake institutional strengthening that results in Economic Ministries having a mandate and responsibility for ensuring that climate change is reflected in national policies and programmes

Improve decision making processes - require that specific programmes and projects include strategies and measures to manage risks associated with climate change and variability

Create an attitude of “Environment for Development”, as opposed to “Environment and Development”

How do we Mainstream Adaptation? /3

Quantify and Characterise the risks and costs of climate variability, and adapt in ways that reduce them

Inform all groups and sectors of these risks and costs, their origins, and practical ways to reduce them – transparency and consultation important

Emphasise “no regrets” approaches, including those based on traditional knowledge and practices

How do we Mainstream Adaptation? /4

Document and Communicate success stories, best practice and lessons learned

Motivate and empower all stakeholders and key players

Utilize international understanding and support Quantify and Characterise the risks and costs of climate variability, and adapt in ways that reduce them

Conclusions/ 1

PICCAP has laid a strong foundation for mainstreaming adaptation, but full potential not realised

Climate change is one end of the weather, climate variability/change spectrum

Risk is common to all three

Conclusions/ 2

Risk management already part of the national “toolbox”

Adaptation should be a key risk minimization strategy in the national risk management portfolio