nidec asi variable frequency drives
DESCRIPTION
VARIABLE FREQUENCY DRIVESTRANSCRIPT
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Variable Frequency DrivesVariable Frequency Drives
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VARIABLE FREQUENCY DRIVE
• definition
• main components
• applications
• design compliance
VARIABLE FREQUENCY CONVERTER
OUR PRODUCT FAMILIES
Index – Part 1
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Variable frequency drives (VFDs) belong to a group of equipment called“adjustable speed drive systems” (ASDSs) or “variable speed drive systems”
(VSDSs)
Variable speed drives can be electrical or mechanical, VFDs are electrical only
Variable Frequency DriveDefinition
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A possible definition of VFD is given by the IEC EN 61800 reference standardthat rules the “adjustable speed electrical power drive system (PDS)” withvoltage above 1 kV a.c.
variable frequency converterinput transformer
induction orsynchronous motor
driven machinemainpowersupply
a.c. adjustable speed power drive system (PDS)as defined by CEI EN 61800-4
Variable Frequency DriveDefinition
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Input transformer: adaptation of voltage levels, insulation
variable frequency converterinput transformer
induction orsynchronous motor
driven machinemainpowersupply
a.c. adjustable speed power drive system (PDS)as defined by CEI EN 61800-4
Variable frequency converter (VFC): change of fixed frequency power sourceinto variable frequency voltage and current
A.C. motor: conversion of electrical power into mechanical rotating power
Variable Frequency DriveMain Components
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Motor side connection
• Torque distortion
• Motor thermal stresses
• Train dynamics
• Train operability
Electric Grid interface
•Current & Voltage distortion
• Power factor Improvement
• Flicker Control
Subsystem Design
• Substation
• Power Conversion
• Control System
• Auxiliaries
• Power Quality
Automation
• Process Design
• Algorithm Development
• Greenfield turn-key plants,revampings, expansions
• System Integration
An integrated engineering approach
Understanding the overall system issues allows us to design products andsolutions which fit your needs better.
NIDEC ASI is able supply the whole variable frequency drive system
Variable Frequency DriveMain Components
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NIDEC ASI designs and supplies electric motors, generatorsand VFDs to fulfill the application requirements optimizingthe overall efficiency and performance.
• Basic & detailed design engineering
• Process engineering
• Engineering and Systems Integration
• Complete project and procurement management
• Hardware manufacturing
• Software development and testing
• Installation tests
• Commissioning and tuning
• Upgrades
• After sales service, support and training
Concept
Design
Construction
Support
Integrated Engineering
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Our R&D Department conducts advanced research in power devices and is able to work withcustomers on innovative products and prototypes.
Our Engineering team in Milan works in close collaboration with both R&D Department and ourMotors & Generators Engineers in Monfalcone to optimize package configuration.
Through our Lean Manufacturing Teams, Engineering & Manufacturing meet on a regularbasis to optimize product configuration and manufacturing processes.
Our field technicians provide constant feedback to our Engineering Dept. and upgrades aredesigned to guarantee a full life cycle to your components.
Integrated Engineering
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The VFD is used to
• continuously drive a load
(speed / torque control, ..)
• soft start large motors
(weak network, more than one)
• control the output frequency and voltage
(wind generator, tidal turbine, ..)
Variable Frequency DriveApplications
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The design of the system complies with the IEC EN applicable standards
Variable frequency converters for the North-American market UL marked byField Evaluation (FE) Services or CSA marked by Special Site Acceptance.
Variable Frequency DriveDesign Compliance
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VARIABLE FREQUENCY DRIVE
VARIABLE FREQUENCY CONVERTER
• main assemblies
• design criteria
• converter & inverter
• d.c. link
• air cooling
• water cooling
• controller
OUR PRODUCT FAMILIES
Index – Part 2
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The variable frequency converter consists of several standard assemblies:converter, inverter, d.c. link, cooling system, controller
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converter inverter
cooling system
from input transformer to a.c. motor
controller
d.c. l ink
Variable Frequency DriveVCF Main Assemblies
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Converter: change of a.c. power with fixed frequency into d.c. power
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converter inverter
cooling system
from input transformer to a.c. motor
controller
d.c. l ink
Inverter: change of d.c. power into a.c. power with variable voltage and frequency
D.C. link: energy storage
Cooling system: removal of the heat
Controller: control of the motor, monitor and protection of the system
Variable Frequency DriveVCF Main Assemblies
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NIDEC ASI manufactures with the same design criteria differentproduct lines
Variable Frequency DriveVCF Design Criteria
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Proven design• VSI and LCI solutions• multi-phase diode and active front-end configurations
State-of-the-art technology
• Thyristor/SCR: Current controlled device, Semi-controlled(turn-on only), Highest V-I rating @ lowest cost, Maturetechnology
• IGBT: Voltage controlled device, Fully controlled, Fasterswitching, Module (mature) or press-pack (emerging), proventechnology.
• IGCT: Current controlled device, Fully controlled, Lowerconduction loss, Press-pack packaging, Proven technology
Reliability of operation:• device selection• sizing (application, load cycle)• full load current test
Variable Frequency DriveConverter & Inverter
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• Complexity @ highpower
• Complex failuremodes
• Use IGBT and IGCT
VSI (Multi Level H-bridge)LCI
• High distortion
• More subsystems toget high performances
• Use SCR
VSI (3-Level NPC)
• Extensively adopted inSteel industry
• Easy & flexible tocontrol
• Use IGBT, IGCT
Variable Frequency DriveInverter Topology
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Modularity
• stack (diode and thyristor), phase module (IGBT and IGCT)
• compactness and robustness
• fast change
Switching
• insulation HV/LV by optical fibres
• monitoring
Safety
• HV and LV circuits separation
• key interlock
• IP20 with open doors
Variable Frequency DriveConverter & Inverter
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d.c. link
Integrated in the phase assembly together with thecapacitors (VSI)
Integrated in the cabinet together with the iron-corereactance (LCI)
Insulation monitor
Earth switch (safety)
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Variable Frequency Converter
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Air cooling system
• forced, in open loop (T environment ≤ 45°C, size)
• draft fan on top
• low pressure inside the cabinet
• suction from the front
• fan redundancy
Variable Frequency ConverterAir Cooling
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Water cooling system
• deionized, in closed loop (T raw water ≤35°C)
• water pump, redundancy
• filter cartridges
• monitoring (pressure, temperature, flow,conductivity)
• piping (PVC, stainless steel)
• water cooling unit integrated in the cabinet
• fast connections to easily remove the power assemblies
Variable Frequency ConverterWater Cooling
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Water-to-water heat exchanger
• integrated in the cooling unit (VFC cabinet)
Water-to-air heat exchanger (fin fans)
• raw water not available, T external air < 50°C
• external to the cabinet
• deionized water loop only
Water chiller unit
• raw water not available, T external air up to 52°C
(higher T on request)
• special machines
waterchiller
Variable Frequency ConverterWater Cooling
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Drive controller
• full digital
• motor control (V/Hz, sensorless, FOC algorithms)
• monitoring and protecting functions (transformer, VFC, motor)
• auxiliary circuits management
• hardwired and serial interface
• remote monitoring and diagnostic capability
HMI
• graphic display
• indication in full language (user friendly)
• local control of the system
Variable Frequency ConverterController
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VARIABLE FREQUENCY DRIVE
VARIABLE FREQUENCY CONVERTER
OUR PRODUCT FAMILIES
• SILCOVERT TN
• SILCOVERT GN
• SILCOVERT TH / NH
• SILCOVERT S
• customized solutions
Index – part 3
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SILCOVERT TN 3300V are medium voltage IGBT based voltage source inverters for variablefrequency supply of induction motors. These modular units are built using standardassemblies that can be customized to the most demanding applications.
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front end inverter
cooling system
controlunit
input
transfo
rmer
induction
moto
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ApplicationsExtruders, pumps, fans, mixers, compressors, metals applications, propellers andthrusters for marine applications and wind generators
A single converter with maximum adaptability.A NPC type, Voltage Source, IGBT inverterwith both Diode Front End and Active Front Endconfigurations and easy integration intoautomation solutions with serial communicationcapabilities.
Our Product FamiliesSILCOVERT TNTM
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Our Product FamiliesSILCOVERT TNTM
Technical CharacteristicsMain Supply 3-phase:DFE(12P) 2 x 1800 V±10%;DFE(24P) 4 x 1800 V±10%; andAFE: 3000 V +/- 10%
Efficiency: ≥ 0.98 (50 Hz, rated load)
Output Frequency: 5 – 70Hz (extended to 140Hz)
Output Voltage: 0 – 3300V (3 phase); PWM
Output power range: Air Cooling 1300-10400 KVA
Water Cooling 3600-21600 KVA
Diode front-end, 12 or 24 pulse (power factor 0,96)
Active front end (regenerative operations)
Induction motor control
Strongly standardized (15 sizes)
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SILCOVERT GN 3300V are medium voltage IGCT based voltage source inverters.Modular units using standard assemblies: a front end, inverter section, cooling system andcontrol unit.
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front end inverter
cooling system
controlunit
input
transf
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induct
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moto
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It provides ultra high efficiency, very high powerfactor (> 0,96), minimum torque ripple and lowinput and output harmonic content and easyintegration into automation solutions.
Our Product FamiliesSILCOVERT GNTM
Applicationsship propulsion, high torque / overload / dynamic requirements (metals), large centrifugalloads (pumps, compressors, fans) …
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Our Product FamiliesSILCOVERT GNTM
Technical Characteristics
Mains Supply Voltage (3-phase): DFE(12p) 2 x 1850V ± 10%DFE(24p) 4 x 1850V ± 10%
AFE 2850V ± 10%
Efficiency: ≥ 0,98
Output Frequency: 10 – 65Hz normal / 10 – 110Hz extended
Output Voltage: DFE 0 – 3000V / AFE 0 – 3300V
Output power range: water cooling 9000 to 24.000kVA (higher power on request)
Diode front-end, 12 or 24 pulse (power factor 0,96)
Active front end (regenerative operations)
Induction or synchronous motor control
Standardized (6 sizes)
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Our Product FamiliesSILCOVERT THTM / NHTM
Silcovert H Series are Multi Level Converters with IGBT power devices and a moreefficient and precise control for induction and synchronous motors.
Silcovert TH – Multi-Level, LV IGBT based, PWM controlled. Available configurations withair cooling systems and water cooling system (power range 500/18700 KVA).
Silcovert NH - The PWM technique with high switching frequency allows an almostsinusoidal motor current with low total losses and ripple-free torque. Its water coolingmethod permits to achieve high output power ranges.
This Series are compatible with your existing motor systems, regardless of brand or age.With our customized retrofit you can achieve increased levels of safety, reliability andefficiency.
Applicationsship propulsion, large centrifugal loads (pumps, compressors, fans) …
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Technical Characteristics
VSI typeIGBT basedPWM controlled4,16 up to 7,2 kV250 Hz, extended range up to 330 Hz
NH Power range: water cooling 2900/14400 KVAair Cooling 1500/3700 KVA
TH Power range: air cooling up to 8100 KVAwater cooling up to 18700 KVA
Higher power on request for water cooling (NH)Diode front-end, multipulse (power factor 0,96)Input transformer integrated or close to the electric cabinetInduction or synchronous motor controlCentrifugal loads (pumps, compressors, fans), revamping ofExisting motor, high speed applications, …
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Our Product FamiliesSILCOVERT THTM / NHTM
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12 pulse diode front end configuration
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24 pulse diode front end configuration
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active front end configurationmultipulse diode front end configuration
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iV1 iV2 iV3
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Our Product FamiliesVSI Diagram
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SILCOVERT S is a medium voltage load-commutated current source inverter (LCI) forsynchronous motors and provides speed regularity, monitoring and braking torque regulation,V/Hz low shaping, Easy integration into automation solutions due to Ethernet communicationcapabilities with digital and analogue interface.
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rectifier inverter
cooling system
inputtr
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DC line reactor
Applicationssoft starter or drive for large centrifugal loads(pumps, compressors, fans), ship propulsion, gasand hydro turbine starter, …
Our Product FamiliesSILCOVERT STM
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Technical Characteristics
Mains Supply(3-phase)
Efficiency: >0,99
Output Frequency: 5 - 95Hz
Output Voltage: Air Cooling up to 4500 V
Water Cooling up to 72000 V
6/6 , 12/6, 12/12, 24/12 pulse configurations
4 quadrants operations
Synchronous motor control
Design on project, based on standard stack frames
High reliability (mature technology)
Our Product FamiliesSILCOVERT STM
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6 pulse / 6 pulse configuration
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12 pulse / 6 pulse configuration
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12 pulse / 12 pulse configuration
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24 pulse / 12 pulse configuration
Our Product FamiliesLCI diagrams
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NIDEC ASI is able to design solutions ad hoc
Our Product FamiliesCustomized Solutions
• auxiliaries (disconnector, switchgear, harmonicfilters, ..)
• ratings
• electric cabinet (overall dimensions, cable i/o, IP,..)
• containerization
• system automation
• serial communication
• ..
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