www.nidec-asi.com

CapabilitiesCapabilities OverviewOverviewForFor SmallSmall HydroHydro PowerPower PlantPlant

Energy

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variablespeed

permanentmagnet

generators

variablefrequency

drives

NIDEC ASI = Simplifies Innovating

specifichydraulic

conditions

betterperformances

increasedeconomic

return on investment

Permanent Magnet MachinesOur Exprience and Innovation

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n [rpm]

Q [m3/s]

a1

a3

h a2aopt1

nopt1

Qopt1

Head = H1

h aopt2

nopt2

Qopt2

Head = H2

Variable SpeedTurbine Typical Curves

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Variablefrequency

DC link

INVERTER AFE

50 Hz

Variablespeed

DRIVE

Variable SpeedVariable Frequency Drives

synchronisationat DC bus

=No more

sychro devices

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~200 rpm

~1000 rpm

Direct Drive

Direct drive=

No GEARNo FEAR

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Typical mounting

Permanent Magnet MachinesHydro power Application

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Gear box Inductiongenerator

PMG’s direct driven

before after

Permanent Magnet MachinesRevamping

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Induction

generator

PM

generator

Weight Kg 1700 (gearbox included) 4200

Torque kNm 2.0 13.9

Ratio Torque/Weight Nm/kg 1.2 3.7

Efficiency % 93.5 98.1

Permanent Magnet MachinesInduction vs PM generator

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CFDcomputational fluid dynamics

Structural Mechanics Analisys

FEMMfinite elements method magnetics

multi-objective optimization

Permanent Magnet MachinesDesign calculation methods

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Static convertion cubicle

• Design and construction by NIDEC ASI S.p.a.

• Forehead cubicle as standard; back-to-back solutions onrequest

• Water cooling and air conditioned available

• IP33 and IP54 degree of protection

• Customized solutions

VFD Variable Frequency Drive

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Process control and Automation

• Start/Stop sequences

• Auxiliary control

• Speed control

• Network parallelling and synchronization

• Power factor/Reactive Power control

• Alarm management

• Remote control, signaling and diagnostics

• Plant supervision

NIDEC ASI has a long worlwide experience in automation in awide range of applications, achieving a deep knowledge in processcontrol: metal (hot and cold lamination), rubber, cement, paper,ropeways, hydro power plant

System IntegrationAutomation Expertise helps provide seamless integration

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Network Connection – Power Supply

• Substation: Turn-key

• MT/AT and MT/BT transformers

• MT and BT protection relays

• Power factor controllers / Static VARcompensation SVC

• Electrical BoP

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VARIABLE SPEEDpmg + vfd

FIXED SPEEDSynchronous generator

PRODUCTIONenergy kWh

investment investment

Synchronous vs PMG+VFDdrive

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P [MW]

Eff

icie

ncy

[%

]

Better efficiencyby shifting the operating point

Turbine driven at variable speed: main advantages

Better efficiency by shifting the operating point

Continuous variation of the shaft power

Longer life by reducing of vibrations and smooth operation

WIDER range of operation:ratio max./min. Head - FIXED speed - approx. 1.25ratio max./min. Head - VARIABLE speed - approx. 1.25 to 1.45

Synchronous vs PMG+VFDdrive

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Inverter + Active Front End (AFE)

Customized turbine control system in order to maximize theefficiency for a wider range of operation and a maximumexploitation of the hydraulic conditions of head/flow/speed.

The regulation operates by:

– the inverter : it manages the speed of the turbine and thevoltage on the DC bus

– the Active Front End : it manages actively the interfacewith the mains by (available four quadrant operation,bidirectional energy flow)

– Clean energy with an harmonic distortion within 1%

– Unit power factor

AFE DC Bus Inverter

G

VFD Variable Frequency Drive

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Inverter + Active Front End (AFE)

customized turbine control

maximize efficiency

wider range of operationmaximum exploitation

of the hydraulic conditions

VFD Variable Frequency Drive

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Hydraulicactuators

Syn.Generator

PMG

G

GeneratorSide

DRIVE

Trafo MainGrid

Hwater

Vwater Tmec

Distributor control MPP Tracking Generator side converter

Active Power controlSensorless vector control

GridSide

DRIVE

Grid side converter

DC link voltage controlReactive Power controlLVRT LV Ride Through

Control Signaldq

Gen. refTref Pref

U DC ref Q Grid ref

50Hzf var. d.c.

Telec

Q cost

H cost

Breakingresistor

Control lay-out

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Inverter Controlled PM GeneratorAdvantages

low speed / high polarityNO gear box

reduce noise levelsave space and structure

reduced maintenancehigh efficiency

ECO friendly

grid friendly (no harmonics)NO synchro deviceswide operation range

increased global efficiency

hydraulicconditions

PM generatorwater jacket cooling

variable speed

power electronicsAFE control

increased

productivity&

economicreturn on investment

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Monfalcone Porto Shpp (Italy)Case History

The need to increase energy production andreduce environmental impact were the drivingforces behind the decision to revamp andreactivate the small Hydropower station at theend of the canal.

Nidec ASI handled the complete revamping,providing2 x 300 kW (180…235 rpm)permanent magnet generators connected toKaplan turbinesand controlled by LV inverters.

This solution allows the plant to produce energyeven at reduced water flows, optimizing powergeneration.

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2 x Kaplan S-typesingle regulated

300 kW @ 230 rpm

32 poles (weight 4 tons)

=94,5%(generator + power electronics)

Flow : 3.7 … 4.5 m3/sHead : 3,2 … 4,5 m

Speed : 180…235 rpm

nr 2 groups with induction generators and gear-boxesrevamped withnr 2 VFD+PMG direct driven generators

MAX tidal / min Head

min tidal / MAX Head

Monfalcone Porto Shpp (Italy)Case History

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Lake Forte Buso (m.1450) is formed

by the retention of the waters of the

River Travignolo by a high dam over

100 meters wide and 250 meters. the

reservoir contains about 30 million

cubic meters of water and it is the

most important Watershed of the

Cismon hydrological systems Cismon.

Forte Buso Shpp (Italy)Case History

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New shpp on "reserved flow“ of the dam 1 x Pelton – Vertical 5j550 kW @ 600 rpm

14 poles (weight 4 tons)

=93.5%(generator + power electronics)

Flow : 0,4 … 0,55 m3/sHead : 85 … 112 m

Speed : 550 … 630 rpm

Forte Buso Shpp (Italy)Case History

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New run-of-river shpp 1 x Kaplan - Verticalsingle regulated

270 kW @ 428 rpm

18 poles (weight 3,5 tons)

=93.5%(generator + power electronics)

Flow : 1 … 5 m3/sHead : 6 m

Speed : 85 … 428 rpm

Bolzano Shpp (Italy)Case History

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Nbr 3 Bulb turbines3 x Bulbs

7,7 MW @ 136 rpm

64 poles (mass active parts 20tons)

>98%(generator)

Rated current 2.000 ARated Voltage 3.250 V

Rhone River (Italy)Case History

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Global efficiency52%

Average annual output100 kW

Global eff89%

Average annual output150 kW

700.000 kWh

350.000 kWh-

Operating conditions

Q = 0,32-0,42 m3/sH = 35-73 mn = 750-1050 rpm

1.050.000 kWh

FIXEDspeed

VARIABLEspeed

hp 7.000 hr/y

Synchronous vs PMG+VF DriveCase History

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