ncp 26 for pgpcm of nicmar
DESCRIPTION
Contains presentation on project managementTRANSCRIPT
PGPM 22: PROJECT PLANNING & CONTROL NCP 26/ CBCM 4/IDM 21: CONSTRUCTION PROJECT MANAGEMENT TECHNIQUES
Prof. Sanjay BhoyarFaculty,
NICMAR,Pune
SANJAY BHOYAR NICMAR, PUNE
Project: Meaning
A non-routine non-repetitive work undertaken to create an unique product/ service/ structure, within stipulated cost and time.
A project is temporary, yet unique Definite Objective Definite Timeframe
Has time, cost & other resources constraints
SANJAY BHOYAR NICMAR, PUNE
Project Life-Cycle:
SANJAY BHOYAR NICMAR, PUNE
Need for Project Management: Complexity in projects Timely completion of projects Resources limitations Cost of capital Price escalation Increased outlay Longer spans Risks have increased Financers require workable plan Setting targets against which performance can be
measured
SANJAY BHOYAR NICMAR, PUNE
Project Management:
Application of knowledge, skills, tools & techniques of management to project activities, to achieve the project objectives with the available resources
Major functions: Planning Organizing Controlling
Quality & Performance
Cost Time
Project scope
SANJAY BHOYAR NICMAR, PUNE
Project Planning:
Defining the scope of the project Identifying major project activities
Design Procurement Construction
Integration of project activities Project team Project schedules Estimating project costs Financial planning Site planning
Project Management Systems:
The systems around which the managerial functions like planning, organizing & control are structured
a WBS an OBS, & Responsibility matrix Project Schedules Cost accounts – for cost aggregation & control Budgets PMIS
SANJAY BHOYAR NICMAR, PUNE
SANJAY BHOYAR NICMAR, PUNE
Work Breakdown Structure (WBS): A systematic division of a project into
work packages, sub-work packages & activities
Project: Overall scope of the project
Work packages: Project deliverables
Sub-work packages: Sub-division of deliverables
Activities: Discrete work steps
Project
Work packages
Sub Work packages
Activities
SANJAY BHOYAR NICMAR, PUNE
Construction & development of a Residential complex
Preliminary works
Amenities Service facilities
Drainage Bldg B Club house Swimming poolBldg ‘A’
Sub-structure Super-structure
Buildings
-Setting out
-Excavation
-PCC
-RCC footing
-RCC for PB
-Plinth filling
-RCC column-RCC slab & beams-Brickwork-Plastering-Plumbing-Flooring-Doors & windows-Electrification-Painting
SANJAY BHOYAR NICMAR, PUNE
Road Project
Subways/Underpasses
Minor Bridges/c/d works
Major BridgesRoad
Earthwork Pavement Drainage Lighting
Wearing surfaceSub-baseBase Sub-grade
MetallingCompacting
Hydropower Project
1. Dam
2. HRT (Transfer Tunnel)
3. U/S Surge Shaft
4. Penstock Shaft
5. Power House
6. TRT
7. Sub-station Workshop
8. Operations Building
9. Transmission Line
SANJAY BHOYAR NICMAR, PUNE
1. Dam1.1 Diversions
1.2 Dam wall construction
1.3 Spillway section
1.4 Gates
1.5 D/s works
1.6 Delivery tunnel
2. HRT 2.1 ADIT
2.2 Tunnel construction
2.2.1 Survey & profile marking
2.2.2 Drilling & blasting
2.2.3 Defuming & mucking
2.2.4 Bottom cleaning
2.2.5 Rock bolting
2.2.6 Rib erection, legging & backfill concrete
2.2.7 Shotcrete
3. U/S Surge Shaft
4. Penstock ShaftSANJAY BHOYAR NICMAR, PUNE
5. Power house
5.1 Civil Works
5.1.1ADIT
5.1.2 Underground cavern
5.1.3 Main access tunnel
5.1.4 Transformer chamber
5.1.5 Penstock valve chamber
5.1.6 Access tunnel
5.1.7 D/S surge chamber
5.2 Turbines & Valves
5.2.1 Turbines
5.2.2 Penstock guard valve
5.2.3 Turbine inlet valve
5.2.4 Bypass valve
5.3 Electrical Works
5.3.1 Generators
5.3.2 Switch gear
5.3.3 Power transformer
6. TRT
7. Sub-station Workshop
8. Operations Building
9. Transmission Line
SANJAY BHOYARNICMAR, PUNE
SANJAY BHOYAR NICMAR, PUNE
Project Scheduling:
Part of Planning
Determining the sequence & timings of activities of a project
Time-frame for the project
Effective utilization of resources
Time-cost relationship
SANJAY BHOYAR NICMAR, PUNE
Steps in Project Scheduling: Identifying the activities
Estimating the work content
Estimating durations of activities
Establishing the logic
Drawing the schedule
Analysis of schedule
Updating the schedule
SANJAY BHOYAR NICMAR, PUNE
Scheduling Techniques:
Non-Network techniques Bar chart/ Gantt chart Linear scheduling Time- chainage diagram Line of balance (LOB) technique
Network scheduling techniques CPM PERT
SANJAY BHOYAR NICMAR, PUNE
Network scheduling:
Series of nodes & arrows AOA / AD / ADM AON / ND / PDM
Activity: A discrete work step required for project completion Consumes time & resources
Event: An instantaneous occurrence during the progress of work Signifies specific occurrence/ substantial completion of
work Does not require resources or time
SANJAY BHOYAR NICMAR, PUNE
Activity-on-Arrow network (AOA): Suitable for both, event oriented as well as
activity oriented network scheduling techniques (PERT & CPM)
jiActivity
duration
1
53
2 4
6
Project startProject finish
A
B
EG
C
D
F
SANJAY BHOYAR NICMAR, PUNE
Activity-on-Node network (AON): Suitable for activity oriented scheduling
technique (CPM)
B
A C
D
E G
FSTART FINISH
SANJAY BHOYAR NICMAR, PUNE
Activity Preceding activity Succeeding activity
Duration
A - E 3
B - D 5
C - H,F,G 6
D B H 4
E A K,L 7
F C N 6
G C N 9
H C,D L 4
K E M 7
L E,H P 2
M K - 5
N F,G P 3
P L,N - 8
CPM Problem
SANJAY BHOYAR NICMAR, PUNE
A-O-A Network
4
7
10
2 5
1 3 6 9
8
11 12
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
K
L
M
N
P
3
5
6
4
7
6
9
4
7
2
5
3
8
d1
d2
d3
SANJAY BHOYAR NICMAR, PUNE
A-O-N Network
A
B D
C
G
F
H
E
N
L
K
P
M
START FINISH
SANJAY BHOYAR NICMAR, PUNE
Critical Path Method (CPM): Adequate knowledge & information about the work Certainty about
The scope & nature of work, Work content Productivity of resources
Similar works carried out in the past Time & cost estimates are fairly accurate
Deterministic & activity oriented scheduling
SANJAY BHOYAR NICMAR, PUNE
Scheduling by CPM:
Both, A-O-A & A-O-N can be used
Determination of activity times & floats
Identification of critical activities & critical path
Time- cost optimization
SANJAY BHOYAR NICMAR, PUNE
CPM analysis (using A-O-N): Activity times: EST = [EFTprec] max
EFT = EST + t
LFT = [LSTsucc] min
LST = LFT - t
Act succprec
SANJAY BHOYAR NICMAR, PUNE
CPM analysis… Float:
Excess time available for an activity Indicates the criticality of an activity Float = Time available – time required
Total float: TF = LST – EST or LFT - EFT
Free float: FF = ESTsucc - EFT
Act succprec
SANJAY BHOYAR NICMAR, PUNE
CPM analysis… Critical activity:
Lesser the float, more critical the activity Normally, activities with zero total float
Critical path: The longest path in the network Determines the Project Duration Comprises of critical activities only
SANJAY BHOYAR NICMAR, PUNE
730 A
44 3
0
850 B
33 5
0
660 C
00 6
0
1295 D
38 4
0
15156 G
06 9
0
15126 F
39 6
3
16139 H
312 4
0
14103 E
47 7
0
181815 N
015 3
0
181513 L
316 2
3
211710 K
414 7
0
262618 P
018 8
0
262217 M
421 5
4
STARTFINISH
0
0
26
26
LF
EFES Act
TF
LS t
FF
Description
CP: C-G-N-PPD = 26
A-O-N … PDM Precedence
Relationships:
Finish to start (FS)
Start to start (SS)
Start to finish (SF)
Finish to finish (FF)
A B
A B
A B
A B
+5
-3
+3
+4
SANJAY BHOYAR NICMAR, PUNE
PDM problem:
Determine the critical path & project duration
Activity Duration Predecessor Relationship with lead/ lag time
K 10 - -
L 6 K SS + 2
M 9 K FS
N 5 K FS
P 8 L FS - 2
Q 7 M SS + 5
R 4 N FS
S 12 N FS
T SF + 5
T 10 P FS
U 9 Q FS
R FS
V 7 S FS
T FS
U FF +2
SANJAY BHOYAR NICMAR, PUNE
LF
EFES Act
TF
LS t
Description
343427 V
027 7
323122 U
123 9
272414 T
317 10
272715 S
015 12
231915 R
419 4
232215 Q
116 7
17146 P
39 8
151510 N
010 5
201910 M
111 9
1182 L
35 6
10100 K
00 10
START0
0
2-2
5
5
FINISH
34
342
CP: K-N-S-VPD = 34
SANJAY BHOYAR NICMAR, PUNE
Program Evaluation & Review Technique ( PERT): Lack of knowledge & information about the work Uncertainty about
The scope & nature of work Work content Working conditions Productivity of resources
No accurate estimates of time & cost Suitable for non-repetitive type of projects
Probabilistic & event oriented scheduling technique
SANJAY BHOYAR NICMAR, PUNE
Scheduling by PERT:
Only A-O-A network can be used
Determination of event times & slack
Identification of critical events & critical path
Determination of probability of project completion (an event) by given date
SANJAY BHOYAR NICMAR, PUNE
PERT analysis: Activity time estimates Three time estimates
Optimistic time (to) Pessimistic time (tp) Most likely time (tm) Beta distribution
Expected/ mean duration of an activity
Variance of an activity
6
.4 pmoe
tttt
2
2
6
op tt
SANJAY BHOYAR NICMAR, PUNE
PERT analysis…Project completion (event) time: Governed by Longest (Critical) path Normal probability distribution
Average Expected project duration Te = EOT of the last event
Variance & standard deviation of project duration Var proj = ∑ var along Longest (Critical) Path
projproj var
SANJAY BHOYAR NICMAR, PUNE
PERT analysis…Probability calculations:
Normal value z = (Ts – Te)/ σproj
Area under cumulative normal distribution curve gives the probability of completing the project on or before the target time ‘Ts’
SANJAY BHOYAR NICMAR, PUNE
Activity Preceding activity
to(weeks)
tm(weeks)
tp(weeks)
A - 2 3 5
B - 3 5 7
C - 6 7 9
D A 5 7 9
E A 3 4 7
F B 1 2 3
G C 7 10 13
H D 3 5 8
K B,G 5 8 9
L B,G 2 4 6
M H 4 6 8
N E,F,K 1 3 4
P M,N 3 6 8
Q L 8 9 10
PERT Problem
SANJAY BHOYAR NICMAR, PUNE
Determine the critical path & the expected project duration
What is the probability of completing the project within 30 weeks?
What is the probability of completing the project within 35 weeks?
What is the project duration for 90 % certainty of on-time project completion?
SANJAY BHOYAR NICMAR, PUNE
Activity Preceding activity
to tm tp te σ²
A - 2 3 5 3.17 0.25
B - 3 5 7 5 0.44
C - 6 7 9 7.16 0.25
D A 5 7 9 7 0.44
E A 3 4 7 4.33 0.44
F B 1 2 3 2 0.11
G C 7 10 13 10 1
H D 3 5 8 5.16 0.69
K B,G 5 8 9 7.67 0.44
L B,G 2 4 6 4 0.44
M H 4 6 8 6 0.44
N E,F,K 1 3 4 2.83 0.25
P M,N 3 6 8 5.83 0.69
Q L 8 9 10 9 0.11
SANJAY BHOYAR NICMAR, PUNE
10
20
30
50
80
40
70
60
100
90
110
0
0
3.17
A
3.17
B5
C7.16
G
10
D7
H5.16
E4.33
F
2
L
4
Q
9
P
5.83
M6
N
2.83
10.17 15.33
5
7.16 17.16
24.83
27.67
33.50
21.16
33.50
24.50
27.67
24.83
17.167.16
21.6716.50
9.50
17.16 K7.67
i jAct
te
EOT EOT
LOT LOT
Average expected project duration, Te = 33.50
CP: 10-40-60-80-100-110 (C-G-K-N-P)
Var proj = 2.63 ; σ proj = 1.62
PERT Network
Probability of completing project in 30 weeks Te = 33.50 weeks; σproj = 1.62; Ts=30 weeks z = (Ts – Te)/ σproj
Z = (30-33.50)/1.62 = -2.16 Corresponding, p = 0.0154 = 1.54%
Probability of completing project in 35 weeks Te = 33.50 weeks; σproj = 1.62; Ts=35 weeks z = (Ts – Te)/ σproj
Z = (35-33.50)/1.62 = 0.93 Corresponding, p = 0.8238 = 82.38%
Duration for 90% certainty For, p = 0.90 => Z = 1.28 z = (Ts – Te)/ σproj
1.28 = (Ts – 33.50)/ 1.62 Ts = 35.57 weeks
SANJAY BHOYAR NICMAR, PUNE
SANJAY BHOYAR NICMAR, PUNE
Project costs: Direct costs
Attributed to a particular activity Indirect costs
Cannot be attributed to an activity Project overheads
Penalties / incentives
Time-cost trade-off Determining the minimum possible total cost for a particular
project duration.
SANJAY BHOYAR NICMAR, PUNE
Time- cost trade-off: Determining the minimum possible total cost for a
particular project duration.
Compression: Reducing project duration
Compressing critical activities Increase in Direct cost Reduction in Indirect cost
Crashing: Ultimate stage of compression
SANJAY BHOYAR NICMAR, PUNE
Time - Cost trade-off:
Project duration
Indirect Cost
Total Cost
MinimumTotal Cost
Optimum PD
Direct Cost
Cost
Normal PDMinimum PD
SANJAY BHOYAR NICMAR, PUNE
Steps in compression:
Determine activity compression potential & cost slope
Draw network for normal durations List all paths, with their durations Identify CP Compress activities along CP (s) Continue till at least one CP is fully
compressed (crashed)
SANJAY BHOYAR NICMAR, PUNE
Activity Preceding activity
NT(weeks)
CT(weeks)
NC(x Rs 1000)
CC(x Rs 1000)
A - 6 4 64 76
B - 4 3 30 33
C A 9 5 54 74
D A 3 2 28 34
E B 7 4 70 91
F B 5 4 82 92
G C 4 4 47 47
H D,E 6 5 39 45
K F 3 2 27 30
L G 9 6 86 98
M F,H 5 3 55 65
N K 2 1 27 29
Indirect cost is Rs. 10000 per week
Numerical problem:
SANJAY BHOYAR NICMAR, PUNE
Activity NT CT NC CC Compression potential
Cost slope
A 6 4 64 76 2 6
B 4 3 30 33 1 3
C 9 5 54 74 4 5
D 3 2 28 34 1 6
E 7 4 70 91 3 7
F 5 4 82 92 1 10
G 4 4 47 47 0 0
H 6 5 39 45 1 6
K 3 2 27 30 1 3
L 9 6 86 98 3 4
M 5 3 55 65 2 5
N 2 1 27 29 1 2
SANJAY BHOYAR NICMAR, PUNE
A(6)
START FINISH
E(7)
D(3)
C(9)
K(3)
H(6)
G(4)
N(2)
M(5)
L(9)
B(4)
F(5)
Paths Duration along path @ each stage
0 1 2 3 4
A-C-G-L 28*
A-D-H-M 20
B-E-H-M 22
B-F-M 14
B-F-K-N 14
A-O-N Network(normal durations)
SANJAY BHOYAR NICMAR, PUNE
Paths Duration along path @ each stage
0 1 2 3 4 5
A-C-G-L 28* 25* 22* 21* 20* 19
A-D-H-M 20 20 20 20 18 16
B-E-H-M 22 22 22* 21* 20* 19
B-F-M 14 14 14 13 12 11
B-F-K-N 14 14 14 13 13 13
A(6)
START FINISH
E(7)
D(3)
C(9)
K(3)
H(6)
G(4)
N(2)
M(5)
L(9)
B(4)
F(5)A-O-N Network(normal durations)
SANJAY BHOYAR NICMAR, PUNE
Compression table:Stage Act CS Dur
of comp
PD Increase
in DC
DC IC Penalty
TC
0 - - - 28 - 609 280 889
1 L 4 3 25 12 621 250 871
2 C 5 3 22 15 636 220 856
3 C 51 21 08 644 210 854
B 3
4 A 61 20 11 655 200 855
M 5
5 A 61 19 11 666 190 856
M 5
NPD
Min PD
OPD
SANJAY BHOYAR NICMAR, PUNE
A(6)
START FINISH
E(7)
D(3)
C(5)
K(3)
H(6)
G(4)
N(2)
M(5)
L(6)
B(3)
F(5)
A(4)
START FINISH
E(7)
D(3)
C(5)
K(3)
H(6)
G(4)
N(2)
M(3)
L(6)
B(3)
F(5)
A-O-N Network(Optimum PD)
A-O-N Network(Minimum PD)
SANJAY BHOYAR NICMAR, PUNE
Resources scheduling:
Scheduling the work for effective utilization of resources
Resources allocation Assigning the resources for each activity
Resources aggregation Daily resource requirement
Resources smoothing Time constrained scheduling
Resources leveling Resource constrained scheduling
SANJAY BHOYAR NICMAR, PUNE
Resource utilization factor (RUF)/ Effective force ratio (EFR):
RUF or EFR =
Idle Force ratio (IFR) = 1- EFR
Higher the RUF, more effective the resource utilization
Total resource-days required
Peak resource requirement x project duration
SANJAY BHOYAR NICMAR, PUNE
Activities, their durations & resource requirements are given below. Schedule the work for the most effective resource utilization.Activity Preceding activity Duration (days) Resource rate
A - 6 5
B - 4 4
C A 9 6
D A 3 5
E B 7 4
F B 5 2
G C 4 6
H D,E 6 3
K F 3 2
L G 9 5
M F,H 5 7
N K 2 6
SANJAY BHOYAR NICMAR, PUNE
Days 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 ∑
DRR (ESS)9 9 9 9 11 11 17 17 17 12 12 11 15 15 9 9 9 13 13 12 12 12 5 5 5 5 5 5 293
A/5
B/4
C/6
D/5
E/4
F/2
G/6
H/3
K/2 N/6
M/7
L/5
SANJAY BHOYAR NICMAR, PUNE
Days 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 ∑
DRR (ESS)9 9 9 9 11 11 17 17 17 12 12 11 15 15 9 9 9 13 13 12 12 12 5 5 5 5 5 5 293
DRR (LSS) 5 5 5 5 5 5 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 15 15 15 9 11 10 10 10 10 14 14 14 18 18 293
A/5
B/4
C/6
D/5
E/4
F/2
G/6
H/3
K/2 N/6
M/7
L/5
ESS
A/5
B/4
C/6
D/5
E/4
F/2
G/6
H/3
K/2 N/6
M/7
L/5
LSS
SANJAY BHOYAR NICMAR, PUNE
Days 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 ∑
DRR (ESS)9 9 9 9 11 11 17 17 17 12 12 11 15 15 9 9 9 13 13 12 12 12 5 5 5 5 5 5 293
DRR (Trial 1) 9 9 9 9 11 11 12 12 12 12 12 13 17 17 9 9 9 9 9 8 12 12 12 12 12 5 5 5 293
A/5
B/4
C/6
D/5
E/4
F/2
G/6
H/3
K/2 N/6
M/7
L/5
ESS
A/5
B/4
C/6
D/5
E/4
F/2
G/6
H/3
K/2 N/6
M/7
L/5
TRIAL1
SANJAY BHOYAR NICMAR, PUNE
Days 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 ∑
DRR (ESS)9 9 9 9 11 11 17 17 17 12 12 11 15 15 9 9 9 13 13 12 12 12 5 5 5 5 5 5 293
DRR (Trial 2) 9 9 9 9 9 9 12 12 12 12 12 11 11 11 9 9 9 11 11 10 12 12 12 12 12 11 11 5 293
A/5
B/4
C/6
D/5
E/4
F/2
G/6
H/3
K/2 N/6
M/7
L/5
ESS
A/5
B/4
C/6
D/5
E/4
F/2
G/6
H/3
K/2 N/6
M/7
L/5
TRIAL 2
SANJAY BHOYAR NICMAR, PUNE
Resource Histograms
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28
Time
SANJAY BHOYAR NICMAR, PUNE
Time chainage diagram:
Suitable for repetitive type of projects Same activities are sequentially repeated at
regular interval/ stage/ location
Resource work continuity
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Sample problem: On a 12 km long road project, following four activities are
repeated, sequentially. Prepare time-chainage schedule.
Activity Progress rate (km/day)
Duration for 12 km
Buffer Start buffer
End buffer
Start time
Finish time
Subgrade 1.0 12 - - - 0 12
Sub-base 0.5 24 2 2 - 2 26
Base 0.5 24 2 2 - 4 28
Wearing course
1.5 8 2 - 2 22 30
SANJAY BHOYAR NICMAR, PUNE
12
11
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 1617 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
Sub-grade
Sub-base
Base
Wearing
Time-chainage Diagram
Time (days)
Cha
inag
e (k
m)
SANJAY BHOYAR NICMAR, PUNE
Project Monitoring & Control: Monitoring:
Establishing progress of the project Periodic Review of current status
Control: Comparing the planned versus actual progress Identifying deviations & reasons for such deviations Analyzing the effect on time, cost & performance
parameters of the project Corrective actions Updating plans
SANJAY BHOYAR NICMAR, PUNE
Base Plan-schedule-budget -scope
Deviations -schedule-budget -scope
Actual status-schedule-budget -scope
Impact on Schedule, Budget & Scope
Corrective Actions
Revised Plan-schedule-budget -scope
Raplace Base plan
Project Control
SANJAY BHOYAR NICMAR, PUNE
Project time-cost control:
S- curve Project budget plan Actual cost of work performed Budgeted cost of work performed
Earned value Planned cost allocated to the completed work EV = BCWP EV = ∑ [Budgeted cost of activity x % activity completion]
SANJAY BHOYAR NICMAR, PUNE
Project performance status:
Schedule variance SV = BCWP - BCWS
Cost variance CV = BCWP - ACWP
Schedule performance index SPI = BCWP/ BCWS
Cost performance index CPI = BCWP/ ACWP
Project performance index = SPI x CPI Estimated cost to project completion
ECPC = BCPC/ CPI Estimated time to project completion
ETPC = STPC/ SPI
Sample problem:
Task Duration(weeks)
Preceding task
Budgeted cost (Rs in lacs)
Status by end of 5th week
Actual expenditure (Rs in lacs)
% complete
A 3 - 6 100 8
B 5 A 20 40 6
C 3 A 30 33.33 12
D 4 A 24 50 9
E 2 A 16 50 7
F 4 C 16 0 0
G 3 D,E 9 0 0
H 2 B,F,G 18 0 0
SANJAY BHOYAR NICMAR, PUNE
Task Duration(weeks)
Weightages
Budgeted cost (Rs in lacs)
Status by end of 5th week
Actual expenditure (Rs in lacs)
% complete
% project Progress
A 3 11.54 6 100 11.54 8
B 5 19.24 20 40 7.70 6
C 3 11.54 30 33.33 3.85 12
D 4 15.38 24 50 7.70 9
E 2 7.69 16 50 3.85 7
F 4 15.38 16 0 0 0
G 3 11.54 9 0 0 0
H 2 7.69 18 0 0 0
100 34.64SANJAY BHOYARNICMAR, PUNE
Weeks 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
Weekly progress (%)3.85 3.85 3.85 15.38 15.38 11.54 11.54 11.54 7.70 7.70 3.85 3.85
% progress (ESS)3.85 7.70 11.54 26.92 42.3 53.85 65.38 76.92 84.62 92.31 96.15 100
Weekly cost (ESS)2 2 2 28 28 20 14 11 7 7 9 9
Cumulative cost (ESS)2 4 6 34 62 82 96 107 114 121 130 139
ESSA/2
B/4
C/10
D/6
E/8
F/4
G/3
H/9
SANJAY BHOYARNICMAR, PUNE
Status of progress: At end of 5th week
Task Duration
Budgeted cost(BC)
Scheduled Start
Scheduled Finish
% completion Cost Earned value(BCWP)Sched
uled(WS)
Actual(WP)
Scheduled(BCWS)
Actual(ACWP)
A 3 6 0 3 100 100 6 8 6
B 5 20 3 8 40 40 8 6 8
C 3 30 3 6 66.67 33.33 20 12 10
D 4 24 3 7 50 50 12 9 12
E 2 16 3 5 100 50 16 7 8
F 4 16 6 10 0 0 0 0 0
G 3 9 7 10 0 0 0 0 0
H 2 18 10 12 0 0 0 0 0
62 42 44
SANJAY BHOYAR NICMAR, PUNE
Review date: 5 weeks from start WS = 42.3 % WP = 34.64 % BCWS = 62 ACWP = 42 BCWP = 44 = EARNED VALUE CV = BCWP – ACWP = 44 – 42 = +2 (cost savings) SV = BCWP – BCWS = 44 – 62 = -18 (behind schedule) CPI = BCWP/ACWP = 44/42 = 1.05 SPI = BCWP/BCWS = 44/62 = 0.71 Project performance index = SPI x CPI = 0.7455 ECPC = BCPC / CPI = 139/1.05 = 132.68 lacs ETPC = STPC / SPI = 12/0.71 = 16.91 weeks
SANJAY BHOYARNICMAR, PUNE
SANJAY BHOYAR NICMAR, PUNE
Table below gives the budgeted monthly cashflow requirement for a construction project. At end of Oct’ 06, the actual project expenditure is Rs 114 lakhs & the progress is 50% Draw ‘s’ curve, & calculate project performance indices. Estimate the delay in project completion.
Month May 06
Jun 06
Jul 06 Aug 06
Sep 06 Oct 06
Nov 06 Dec 06
Jan 07
Feb 07
Mar 07
Cash-flow
8.5 11.5 13.5 15.5 30.5 27.0 22.5 20.0 20.0 12.5 2.5
Cumm CF
8.5 20 33.5 49 79.5 106.5 129 149 169 181.5 184
Numerical Problem
SANJAY BHOYAR NICMAR, PUNE
S curve
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
time
cos
t
SANJAY BHOYAR NICMAR, PUNE
Review date: Oct’ 06 ACWP = 114 WS = (6/11)x 100 = 54.54 % WP = 50 % BCWP = (79.5+106.5) / 2 = 93 = EARNED VALUE BCWS = 106.5 CV = BCWP – ACWP = -21 SV = BCWP – BCWS = -13.5 CPI = BCWP/ACWP = 0.8158 SPI = BCWP/BCWS = 0.8732 ECPC = BCPC / CPI = 225.55 ETPC = STPC / SPI = 12.6 months Delay in project completion = ETPC – STPC = 1.6
SANJAY BHOYAR NICMAR, PUNE
SANJAY BHOYAR NICMAR, PUNE
Contact NICMAR:
www.nicmar.ac.in 020-27291342
Prof. Sanjay Bhoyar [email protected] 9552546301; 020-66859116