mfa thesis wip book - design

IDS 806: MS: Group Direct Study - DesignSpring, 2011

Instructor: Jess SorelDaryl Lin

02643203

WIP ReportUWB Blood Pressure Meter

3

In the thesis report and research/PRD report, the L.I.F.E project has illustrated a picture of elderly health care for the future by analyzing the information from multiple demands and gathering the opinions of industrial experts and stock holders. By following the re-searches from the research phase, the document contains the further information about the whole system and focuses on the design process of the product. Which include brain storming , ideations, quick mock up, user test, refinement ideations, refinement mock up to achieve the final design solution in the end of the document.

Abstract

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Table of Content

Chapter 01:Previous Study

The trend

Previous Study

Evaluation

Elderly people’s attitudes toward new solution

Abstract

Chapter 02: Direction Refinement

Chronic Disease Analysis

The challenges for patients to monitor their blood pressure(BP)

Feed back from people in field

Technology Update

Chapter 03: System Structure

Task Flow Chart

User Scenarios / Story Board

Service Ecosystem

Chapter 04: Ergonomic

Ergonomic Needs for the Elderly People

Ergonomic study

User Test

Ergonomics of individual hand held devices

Walking in their shoes....Elderly simulation

Font Type and Size on the Legibility by Older Adults

Chapter 05: Design Development

Evaluation

Mock up

Ideation

User Test / Interview

Concept Development

3

56

9

10

13

1516

17

18

20

2223

24

25

2627

30

31

34

38

42

484951

44

545762

Chapter 06: Design Refinement

65

68

72

64

77

79

83

UI Development-Wire Frame

Refinement

Second Refinement/Mock Up

UI Development-Task Analysis

Story Board

Product Requirements Document

Control Panel Study 91

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Chapter 07: Final Design

95

97

101

94

102

104

106

Tool for Practitioners - Web Site

UI - Note

Features

Tool for Practitioners - Story Board

UI - Reminder

UI - Scan BP

Details

Orthographic View

Exploded View/BOM

107

110

112

Plan 113

114Bibliography

115Portfolio

129Resume

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Chapter 01:Previous Study

The trend

Previous Study

Evaluation


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About Respondents • Total Respondents : 46 users

• Age 65 to Age 75 : 24 Age 75 to Age 85 : 20 Above Age 85 : 2 • Urban Resident : 29 Suburban Resident : 17

• With Mobility Issues : 12

Different attitudes by age toward all day long vital signals monitoring • The elderly are more willing and have more need to monitor their vital signals. • People with chronic diseases are more willing to be aware of their health condition.

73%

27%

Age above 75

Very comfortable /Somewhat comfortable

Not comfortable / Don’t know/Not sure

42%

58%

Age from 65 - 75

Very comfortable /Somewhat comfortable

Not comfortable / Don’t know/Not sure

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Different attitudes by living regions / mobility toward accessing the hospital • Suburban residents have more concerns about schedule flexibility and traffic time needed to reach the hospital. • The commute is the biggest issue for disabled people and people with low mobility.

14%

27%

45%

14%

Urban residents

Is not emergency

Take too much timewaiting on the line

Schedule is not flexible

Commute

6%6%

29%59%

Suburban residant

Is not emergency

Take too much timewaiting on the line

Schedule is not flexible

Commute

33%

67%

The concern of acessing hospital for disable / low mobility people

Other

Commute

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Concerns about telehealthcare • Accuracy of the telediagnosis

• Worry about operating complex technical device

Expectations of telehealthcare • Convenient

• Able to see the doctor

• Easy to use

Summary Generally, most elderly people are concerned that health problems could jeopardize their ability to live independently and welcome a new solution which can improve their health. Most of them also agree that it can help them reduce the number of hospital visits. However, elderly people have concerns about using new technology by them-selves and question the accuracy if they do it outside of hospital.

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The Trend

Home

Hospital

Key Telehealthcare Trends and Issues Today, the rapidly aging population increases the great need for health care services. Telehealthcare is a new area and has huge potential for the elderly care market. However, teleheal-care has issues we need to be concerned about because the telehealthcare requires multiple industries working together and higher technology supports. Moreover, the user’s limitations have to be considered as well.

Moving Cycle of Care from Hospital to Home From the above research data, it’s obviously that the routine healthcare functions are transitioning from hospital to home. The hospital still has its own irreplaceable role in our lives, but it’s clear that home will play a more important part in health care in the future.

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Previous Directions abstract

01Feel ill but inconvenient

to go hospital.

02

Use Housepital to meet

with doctor in a distance.03

Drugs delivery.

Direction 0.1 - Housepital

The Housepital is a self-diagnosis system, the purpose of the system is to bring the general practitioner functions to the user’s home. The system includes the muti-function examination devices and two-way communication channel for the doctor and the patient. The device for the patient can provide the general health examination which includes: Visual Examination, Auscultation, Palpation, Inquiry, and Physiological Analysis. The patient is guided by the doctor when doing the self-diagnosis and gets the prescription from doctor.

Design Requirements

• Have full experience of hospital healthcare. • Avoid the issue of commute to the hospital or to the doctor’s office. • Connect with the health center and the doctor. • That elderly person can operate the product comfortably.

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Direction 0.2 - Healthcare Puppy The Healthcare puppy is an healthcare device which is designed to help the user who has chronic diseases. The puppy can not only remind the user of taking the health examination and help the user follow the doctor's instruction, but also can build up emotional connection with the user by providing emotional feedback. The Puppy can remind the user actively by specific behaviors when examinations are needed to be taken. The device can also detect the user's vital signals such as: Heart Rate/ECG, Blood Glucose, Blood Pressure, Blood Oxygenation, and Temperature, then displays the data on the device for the user.

Design Requirements

• Motivated to be aware of one’s health • Improve health and maintain physical functions well • Receive 24/7 healthcare service at home • Individual health plan

01 02 Noticing you when you you need.

Telling you what to do. 03 Talks to you like doctor talking to you.

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Direction 0.3 - Vivid This kind of healthcare device can help grown up children know how their parents’ health condition in a long distance. The device includes a wearable kit for the old parents and a main device with information dis-player for the children. The wearable device can detect the old parent’s vital signs and transits to the main device in children’s place. The device will analyze the vital signs and show the old parent’s health condition.

Design Requirements

• Disease alert system • Involve family supports • Emotion sensors

Children part and parent part connect together by internet

Children part Parent part

01 Appearing viable and green color shows target is in good condition.

02 Appearing with no energy and yellow color shows target gets some health issues

03 Emergency situation occurs.

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Evaluation

Evaluation for three preliminary concept directions The three directions developed from the end of research/design phase are in preliminary stage. The following chart is an evaluation matrix to analyze the Pros/ Cons and combine the feedbacks from the industrial experts / interest party to value each direction and decide the direction for further development.

Proposal Pros Cons Considerations

Housepital•The patients don’t need to drive with illness to the hospital.•Don’t need to spend long time at the waiting room.

•The system is complicate for the senior group.•The users may not be able to afford.•Examination categories are limited.

•FDA regulation has to be highly considered

Healthcare Puppy

•Reduce hospital visits •Doctors can monitor patient’s condition constantly.•Change the image of the clinical device and develop the emotional connection between products and users.

•Cost is higher than current health monitoring products on the market•The device might increase the risk of accident at home

•Consider the other way to build the emotional connection. •Consider the affordable prices for the elderly people

Vivid

•Instead of direct spy, the symbolizing way to indicate the health condition makes users feel more comfortable.•Increase the family connection and enhance the family support.

•No physical treatment for the patients •Not all of the users want their health be monitored all the time.

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Evaluation Matrix

Purpose Needs Problem Solving Operation Complexity System Complexity Experts Feedback Survey Support Concept Potential Cost

Housepital 4 2 1 1 3 3 4 1

Healthcare Puppy 5 4 3 3 4 4 5 3

Vivid 2 2 5 4 2 2 3 4

Purpose Emotional Connection IDS Opportunity Total

Housepital 2 4 25

H e a l t h c a r e Puppy 4 5 40

Vivid 4 3 31

Matrix notes

• Score range is from 1 to 5. • More value leads to a higher score. • Higher complexity leads to a lower score. • Higher cost leads to a lower score. • Expert feedback is based on stock holder list and outer resources. • Survey is based on street interviews and nursing home interviews.

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Direction Refinement


The challenges for patient to manage their blood pressure (BP)

Feed back from people in field

Technology Update

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Feedback From People in Field

Only the doctor can make the diagnosis for patients From the discussion about the medical device with Carlos Torres, who graduated from Academy of Art University with IDS master degree and engaged well in hospital medical device as his thesis project. He pointed out that in the treatment process; only the doctor can do the diagnosis to the patient. The computer can’t replace the doctor’s role. Also, the medical device can only show the information of the examina-tion. It can’t “tell“the patient how his/her health is going on or “ask” the patient to do so.

The monitoring According to Ms. Ayaka Kao, who works for the home care agency that is a part of the multi-hospitals healthcare system (Sharp Health Care in San Diego), doctors is are not willing to monitor all of their patients because they don’t have time even if it’s important. Maybe the agency or nurses can do the monitoring and let the doctor know if any emergency happens. The doctors can still check their patients’ information any time.

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Leading causes of death for persons ages 65 years and older by sex, 2007

Heart diseaseCancer Stroke Chronic lower respiratory diseases Influenza and Pneumonia Alzheimer’s disease Diabetes Nephritis, nephrotic syndrome, and nephrosis Accidents Septicemia

Percent all deaths Percent all deathsRankAll Male Female

Percent all deathsRank Rank

31.8

21.6

7.9

6.0

3.2

3.2

3.0

1.9

1.9

1.5

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

1

2

4

3

5

7

6

9

8

10

1

2

3

4

6

5

7

8

9

10

31.8

25.0

6.5

6.5

3.1

2.1

2.9

2.0

2.1

1.4

31.8

18.8

9.1

5.6

3.4

4.1

3.1

1.8

1.7

1.5

Out-of-hospital deaths of elderly [over 85]

Cardiovascular diseaseRespiratory diseaseGastrointestinal diseasNervous system dis-easeGastrourinary disease

Percent all deathsMale

78

11

7

2

2

Percent all deathsFemale

77

14

5

3

1

High Blood pressure relates to most of the health problems of elderly people From the study of the causes of death of elderly persons, the leading causes are chronic diseases. Also, high blood pressure can be an indicator to the leading causes of death for the elderly groups.

Relates to the blood pressure issue.

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The challenges for patients to monitor their blood pressure (BP)

The things I learned from practitioners’ view points From cardiology practitioner Yong-guo Lin: BP varies with people’s emotions, health conditions and the external environment. If the environment is too noisy, too cold or too hot, it can affect the test results. When doctors consider if patients need to control their BP, they determine the patients’ “basic blood pressure (BBP)“, which is their BP most of the time. Usually the tested blood pressure comes close to the BBP when patients are in a relaxed condition.

He also mentioned White Coat Fever: Lots of patients get nervous when they meet with doctors, or they feel pressure because they are worry they didn’t do well on blood pressure management(BPM). ALL these emotions raise their BP. When doctors see that happened, they will ask the patients to do it again, but some of them get more nervous when they see their BP is high, and their BP gets higher. The BP measured from the same patient in the hospital can be 20mmHg higher then it tested at home.

Is it more accurate to measure my blood pressure in the hospital?

NO!

From most of their clinical experience, blood pressure(BP) measured at home is more reliable.

From nurse Shu-ping Wei: I have seen a lot of patients who came in a hurry and pulled out their arm wanting to do the BP measurement right after they sat down. I had to stop them first and ask them to take 5 min rest before the examination.

She also said about the good side and bad side of taking BP test at home: The benefits and concerning about testing at home: Testing BP at home avoids being affected by emotion and environment. However, patients have to be careful about using the BP meter properly: the way to use it, measurement time, the position when doing the examination, the position of the cuff and tightness of the cuff. All of these factors might affect the examina-tion results.

Even a few mmHg difference is meaningful to high blood pressure(HBP) patients. For 40-69 year-old patients, if their av-erage systolic pressure goes down 2mmHg, it can lower the risk of stroke by 10% and myocardial infarction by 7%.

From family medicine practitioner Qing-ping Xu: To avoid mistakes with BPM, when some doctors notice that there is a difference result between BP taken in the hospital and at home, they will ask patients to bring their BP meter to the hospital and do the examination again. If the patient measures correctly and the meter had no problems, they will diagnose based on patient’s records.

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BPM is not only important for HBP patients: Not only high blood pressure (HBP) patients and cardiovascular disease patients need BP management. Diabetes, nephrotic syndrome and stoke patients need keep their BP under 130/85mmHg. Systolic dysfunction, coro-nary heart disease and heavy proteinuria patients need control their BP under 120/80 mmHg. And people had ever gotten cardiovascular disease or stoke should measure BP every day.

From cardiology practitioner Yuan-teng Zeng: Clinically, 70% of HBP patients don’t control their BP well. “I doubt the problem is from the basic BP measurement!” From his experience, the 6 major prob-lems for HBP patients include:

1. Checking their BP when they go back to hospital and being affected by white coat fever, moreover, the single time BP measurement is unreliable. 2. There are lots of BP meters on the market, patients don’t know how to choose a qualified BP meter. 3. BP measurement is taken irregularly. 4. Patients don’t keep records well, the record is unclear, the hand written content is messy like Morse code.

5. Patients forget to bring the BP record to the doctor. 6. It’s hard for the doctor to calculate the average BP from a long record number during their meeting time and save it for tracking in the future.

How to get an accurate BP result: To get an accurate BP result, I would suggest that the patient sit quietly 5 minutes before the examination, check BP in the morning and at night, do it at least twice each time for 7 days, then take the average of record. Sit in a chair with a back when doing the examination, don’t talk, put both feet on the ground, your hand palm up, cuff of the BP meter has to be the same height as your heart.

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Technology Update

UWB waves detection technology Ultra Wideband (UWB) waves refer to a very short electromag-netic pulse that has broad band in the spectrum. Using UWB wave detects physical signals requires sending a short pulse to the hu-man body from the antenna, and then received the reflected wave from the body surface. The reflection waves containing breathing, heartbeat, pulse, and other physiological signals can be interpreted or decoded by receiving instrument. The energy emitted is low and has no damaging effect to the human body.

The traditional physiological monitor must attach electrodes and wires on to the skin; the user’s motions are restricted by the wires and may feel very uncomfortable if the skin adhesion material is ap-plied over a long period of time. The new UWB physiological moni-tor using non-contact measurement method is entirely free from these shortcomings.

Advantages

• Scan vital signs without touch

No cuff anymore

• No significant interference to human body

Doesn’t interfere pacemacker

OK

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According to the research, Industrial Technology Research In-stitute, TW, has developed the UWB technology and applied it to physical signals detection. And now TW has transferred the technol-ogy to the company, Holux Technology, Inc., to put it into the market. To understand more about the requirements and the limitations of using UWB to detect vital signs, I contacted Cindy Huang, who is a Manager in Sales Dept., OEM/ODM in Holux Technology, Inc. Because their UWB products are still in the development stage and are highly confidential at this moment. She can’t tell me too much detail about the information regarding to the products. But I still get clearer about UWB in the following description.

Current Development

UWB Can Detect • Breath Flow • Heart Rate • Blood Pressure • Arteriosclerosis

Radar Block Diagram

UWB Radar Components • Antenna • Pulse Generator • Receiver • CPU • Memory • Power Supply

Detection Range • Can reach to 3m, but the best range is within 1.5m.

Battery Life • According to their first product put on the market which can read a driver’s vital signs and prevent the driver from falling asleep, a 800 mA Lithium battery can be used for 8 hours.

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From the most of practitioners’ clinical experience, blood pressure (BP) measured at home is more reliable. However, elderly adult patients take their BP irregularly and incon-sistently when at home. Also, Patients don’t keep records well, the record is unclear, and the hand written content is messy and easy to forget to bring it back to the doctor.

Problem Statement

Having a monitoring tool which can take the patients BP in a comfortable environment and which even elderly patients can use it easily, and then send the results to the hospital can help doctors diagnose more accurately and reduce the number of hospital visit for patients.

Hypothesis

• Build up the connection between elderly people and modern technology.

• Allow users who have never used a computer before to use the device without feeling frustrated.

• Build up user’s health awareness.

• Consider the relationship between humans and medical hardware.

Goal

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System Structure

Task Flow Chart


Service Ecosystem

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Service Ecosystem

Hospital/DoctorDecision Support Tools

Clinical Information Databases

Inquire patient medical history/information

Exception alerts

Internet

Healthcare program provider

Network provider Insurance corp.

Provide suggestions

Internet

Patient

Check the suggestions from the doctor

Take BP

Plan the treatment

Phone consulting/ Make an appointment with the doctor

Join the healthcare program

Cancel

ReminderN ote Voice

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Task Flow Chart

Measurement Task

Blood pressure measurement task Have the account?

Create an account

Select an account Press “Take Measurement“ Device launching

Detectable? Error / Re-detect

Has a sign to indicate it’s ready

Start to scan with a soundDo user keep connecting to the device?

Error

Has a sign/sound to indicate process is over

Display the result/Upload to hospital/Save to History

Yes

No

Yes

Yes

No

No

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Receive MSG From Doctor

MSG receive task Have the account?

Create an account

Select an account Press “MSG Box“ MSG List

Showing Detail?

Show the content of MSG Delete MSG?Delete MSG

Yes

No

Yes

Yes

No

No

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Name: Christin KolzigAge: 75 Years OldGender: FemaleEducation: High schoolOccupation: House keeperLiving Region: Watertown, SDLiving Area: SuburbanCity size: SmallFamily statute: Widowed, has 1 son and 1 daughter Housing type: Town houseDisorder: Hyper blood sugar, ArthritisHobbies: Strolling, Chatting Financial Statement: Own a real estate,1.2 million in saving account

Persona - An old lady has to go to hospital regularly Christin Kolzig, a talkative housewife living in Irvine, CA. Her hus-band left her on a car accident 10 years ago. After first year of mourning, her optimistic and active personality recovered herself. She has a son and a daughter. They stay in close and keep in good relationship. Her son, who’s living in San Diego, can’t visit his mom often. Only her daughter lives near to her place. Because of Hy-pertension, The doctor told Christin that she needed to be aware of her blood pressure and asked her to do health examination over a period time. With the knee and vision problem, driving is a hard task for her. Sometime her daughter drives her to the doctor. But Chris-tine doesn’t want to bother her daughter too much and that makes her feel frustrated. Also, sometime she forgets to record her blood pressure or forgets to bring the record to the doctor when she goes back to the hospital.

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Taking Examination

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Receiving MSG from Doctor

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Ergonomic

Ergonomic Needs for the Elderly People

Ergonomic study

User Test




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Ergonomic study

Key device requirements can be given criteria A portable device is one that can be carried for at least ten minutes without resting.

For single handed carrying < 4.4 kg. For use held away from the body < 2.3 kgIf manipulated with precision < 400 g

The device should be sturdy and able to absorb a few knocks with-out sustaining any damage

Handle and grip design is important. Design criteria exist.

Straps, holsters, compatibility with clothing need to be checked for the naval environment e.g. being knocked against hatches, snagged in doors.

There is no holy grail for data input. Keyboards and controls must still be easy to use

The minimum key center spacing should be 19 mm. Telephone key-pads are better than calculators.

Avoid numeric or cursor input for alphabetic entries. Macros can avoid long keying sequences.

The device must be easy to operate and hold

Operation with either hand should be possible. Room for finger grips is important. Operation should be with the wrist straight. Grips, rounded edges and texture help.

‘Clipboard’ devices can be given straps, handles etc. to improve ease of use.

Secondary features matter

Battery type, life, replacement need to meet the context of use. Con-nectors should not collect dirt, grease. Cables and probes should be easy to fit, use, stow.

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The overall context of use must be considered:The physical environment is very demanding

The device must handle a wide temperature range with rapid fluc-tuations. It will encounter a range of substances. It will be dropped and bumped into things. There are severe space restrictions and snagging hazards.

The organizational boundaries are flexible

New technology allows decisions to be made over what is done lo-cally or remotely, onboard or ashore. The operator skill and training will need to reflect these decisions.

Technical compatibility may be difficult

If the same keying sequence has different consequences on the device, on the office PC or on the control console then operators are likely to make errors. Smaller devices may not use window in-terface conventions.

The absence of research data may mean that devices fall short of the ideal, but major mistakes can be avoided on the basis of experi-ence.

The risks can be identified

Most HFI methods use a risk-based approach. The principal risks can be identified.

Major faults can be avoided:Many devices suffer from known shortcomings

The study team has seen devices with inadequate key spacing, membrane keys with no feedback, alarms that are too quiet, dis-plays with no backlighting, long protracted keying sequences and awkward command combinations, collections of devices with snag-ging hazards, connectors that collect dirt and many other avoidable faults.

Ergonomics best practice will apply:There is a consistent definition of best practice for Human Factors

The Display Screen Equipment, Machinery Safety, Work Equip-ment Regulations have standards that give a consistent definition of Human Factors best practice. The definition is also given in stan-dards relating to user-centred design. Regardless of the strict ap-plicability of each of these Regulations, comparable best practice is to be expected.

Hand held devices will need to be considered

Because of the difficult conditions of use and the potential for poor equipment or job design, hand held devices will require explicit Hu-man Factors consideration.

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The guidance here will need to be part of a programme of work.

It is not possible to give assurance of usability by quoting a stan-dard or even this document. A programme of work including risk management, specification, prototyping and test and evaluation will be needed. This is likely to form part of the Human Factors Integra-tion Plan (HFIP).

Testing will still be required to confirm acceptability:Testing in the context of use will be needed.

Until there is much more detailed design guidance, it will be neces-sary to evaluate any proposed hand held device in representative conditions.

Novel input devices will need particular testing

Novel input devices such as speech input or pen input will need considerable testing with a range of users.Likely testing requirements can be identified.

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Pistol Grip Gripped with the hand essentially closed around the handle

Overall size

These can be bulky, double check carriage in holster through hatches and snagging hazards.

Handle size

Lenghth: > 100 mmdia: 30-50 mmshaoe: 50*25 mm

Control on handle?

Usable by either hand?Is grip ok when using or ready to use controls?

Centre of Gravity

Should be close to the axis of the handle

Grip angle

15-20 degreesStraight wrist when in use?


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Open Grip Gripped between fleshy part of thumb and the fingers

Overall size - Use

There are three sorts of grip: Between thumb and fingertips (no data)Between base of thumb and fingertips (distal interphalangeal joint) > 95 mmBetween thumb and kruckle joint (proximal interphalangeal joint)

Overall size - Carriage

How is it supposed to be carried?Hand? Straps? Pocket?

Thumb operation

Can controls be operated by the thumb of the hand holding the device?

Texture, grip

Device shape can increase volume for electronics and improve grip.Are there controls near the edge that might be operated by the grip?

Controls

Telephone numeric pad? Key spacing?

Layout

Operation by either hand? Straight wrist when in use?

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Handle/frameGripped by the handle. Control and displays on main body.

Overall size

These can be bulky, double check carriage in holster through hatches and snagging hazards.

Handle size

Lenghth: > 100 mmdia: 30-50 mmshape: 50*25 mm

Texture, grip

Desirable, but no deep contours.

Control on handle?

Usable by either hand?Is grip ok when using or ready to use controls?

Main controls, display

Operated by either hand?

Centre of Gravity

Should be close to the axis of the handle

Grip angle

15-20 degreesStraight wrist when in use?

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PortableNot hand held in use. Carried by handle and/or strap.

Overall size - UseHow will it be used? Is there space for the device to be placed during use?

Overall size - Carriage

Normal max: L 1000 * W 150* D 450 mm

Handle size

Lenghth: > 100 mmdia: 30-50 mmshape is important.

Handle placement?

Portable by either hand?

Texture, grip

Desirable, but no deep contours

Weight

< 4.4 kg for a portable product

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Default approaches:Vision:

Simulate cataracts & visual darkening: lightly smear a thin layer of Vaseline over glasses.

Darkening of vision: sunglasses filter up to half of light.

Narrow peripheral vision with goggles.

Hearing loss / presbycusis:

Partial sound attenuation earplugs or limited cotton.

Reduced kinesthetic / sensory feedback:

Cover and dry Elmer’s Glue on fingertips.

Arthritis / reduced range motion:

Place masking tape on fingers and joints.

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Arthritis and touch

With the glove over the hand and masking tape on the joints, it was hard to do anything that required hand movement and holding the item with smooth round surface.

• Opening a door was difficult because it was hard to twist the wrist to turn the knob. I ended up needing to twist the whole arm to turn it.

• Grabbing the door knob required significantly more strength.

• Holding a glass was become much harder due to the reduced sense of touch.

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Opening the detergent Because of the weak wrist and stiff fingers, the user had hard time opening the cap. This action might be worse for the elderly with the carpal tunnel.

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Walking on the flat ground • Can’t walk in big steps.

• Requires fast small steps if one wants to walk faster.

• Easy to feel fatigue.

• Need more upper body movement when walking due to the lack of knee joint flexibility.

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4. Harder Surfaces

Again, the fingers start to lose sensitivity with age. So give the fingers more sensation. Get a harder surface or interface, or one with stronger feedback so you know that when you pressed it you really pressed it.

5. Louder Sounds

The hearing starts to go, too. So pump up the volume. If the device emits auditory cues make sure it emits them loud enough for you to hear. You might want to plan ahead and get a little extra volume for the years to come.

6. More Lights

Yep, the eyesight is still weakening. Give the ol’ peepers more light to use. Raise the overall general lighting level and increase the use of task lights. Make sure the lights emit a full color spec-trum to help maintain visual contrast.

7. More Handles

Every body needs a helping hand, handle that is. Handles are great mobility aids and mobility, you guessed it, decreases with age. Stiff joints, sore muscles and lack of strength all contribute to mobility loss. Give your self some help by placing big, comfy handles wherever you might need a hand hold.

Ergonomic Needs for the Aging

As the body matures, it changes. Some things begin to wear out while other things morph to a new form. Some of these changes require certain ergonomic considerations to continue to make things comfy and efficient for you as you travel into the golden years.

1. Bigger Buttons

As the hand matures it starts to lose sensitivity and control. Fin-ger dexterity degrades. To reduce the need for pinpoint accuracy try bigger buttons. It is hard to miss when the target is bigger than the fingertip itself.

2. Bigger Handles

General loss of strength is another factor of aging. One area to lose more strength than others is your grip. Try switching to a big-ger handle. A larger surface area to grab will allow you to main-tain a strong grip. If the product you want doesn’t come with big handles (like a fork or spoon or something like that) try wrapping it with foam/tape until it becomes a comfortable size.

3. Bigger screens

Eyesight also starts to weaken with age. To combat that problem give the eyes more information to process. Get a bigger screen or display. The larger the better. Now, this isn’t an excuse to go buy that new 50 inch plasma screen. Who am I kidding? If it’s a good enough excuse for you, then it’s a good enough excuse for me.

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8. Lighter Objects

If you are not as strong as you were, then do not carry as much weight. Go for a lighter alternative when possible and ensure ob-jects that are used on a daily basis, or need to be carried, are as light as can be.

9. Knobs to Levers

If a knob requires twisting turn it into a lever. With the reduction in grip strength you may be fighting an uphill battle to keep open-ing that door. Use physics to your advantage.

10. Double Your Prevention

As things degrade you will be more prone to developing repeti-tive stress and acute stress injuries. Redouble your efforts to prevent them. Follow proper ergonomic guidelines for task sta-tion setups and maintain good posture. Keep a healthy body and stretch. Stretch, stretch and then stretch some more. Stretching will help you in more ways than just ergonomically, so stretch.

45

Font Type/Size Combination Two types of fonts were used, the serif fonts Georgia and Times New Roman (Times NR), and the sans serif fonts Arial and Ver-dana. Both Times NR and Arial were originally developed for print and are the most common fonts of their respective font type used today. Georgia and Verdana, however, were developed specifically to be optimized for the computer screen.


Example of the eight size/type font combinations studied.

Participant Twenty-seven participants (12 males and 15 females) volunteered for this study. They ranged in age from 62 to 83, with a mean age of 70 (S.D. = 6 years). All participants were tested to have 20/40 or better unaided or corrected vision. Sixty-seven percent of the par-ticipants reported to have regularly read documents on computer screens.

Procedure Participants were positioned at a fixed distance of 57 centime-ters from the computer screen. They were then asked to read “as quickly and accurately as possible,” passages that contained ten randomly placed substitution words (they were not told the number of substitution words). The substitution words were designed to be clearly seen as inappropriate for the context of the passages when read carefully. These words varied grammatically from the original words—for example the noun “cake” being replaced with the adjec-tive “fake.” To accurately determine font legibility and its associated effect on reading time, an effective reading score was used.

46

Result Conclusions 14-point fonts were found to be more legible, promote faster read-ing, and were preferred to the 12-point fonts. Second, at the 14-point size, serif fonts tended to support faster reading. Serif fonts, how-ever, were generally preferred less than the sans serif fonts. Third, there was essentially no difference between the computer fonts and the print fonts. Thus, in light of these results, it is recommended to use 14-point sized fonts for presenting online text to older readers. However, a compromise must be made in deciding which font type to use. If speed of reading is paramount, then serif fonts are recommended. However, if font preference is important, then sans serif fonts are recommended.

47

Typographic standards for signage The Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) sets down body-width to height and stroke-width to height ratios for the use of appropriate typefaces in signage systems. These standards insure that more uniform typefaces are used, and that overly thick or thin stroke-widths, and overly condensed or expanded styles are not used. While these standards are an excellent starting point, it may be necessary to consider additional factors in regards to typeface se-lection for the aging eye.

ADA Standards

The following examples show typefaces that meet the ADA requirements for use in signage systems :

• Bodoni Book • Times Roman • Garamond Semibold • Century Schoolbook • Glypha Roman • Futura Heavy

Simulated vision problems using Glypha Roman (left) and Futura Heavy (right).

Simulated vision problems using Garamond Semibold (left) and Century School-book (right).

Simulated vision problems using Glypha Roman (left) and Futura Heavy (right).

48

Successful qualities of typefaces studied An analysis of the previous examples shows that the following visual properties could be considered beneficial for typefaces that might be viewed by older viewers:

• Consistent stroke widths • Open counter forms • Pronounced ascenders and descenders • Wider horizontal proportions • More distinct forms for each character (such as tails on the lowercase letters “t” and “j”) • Extended horizontal strokes for certain letter forms (such as the arm of the lowercase letter “r” or the crossbar of the lowercase letter “t”)

An existing typerface for low vision users The American Printing House for the Blind (APH) has developed a typeface known as APHont, which was specifically designed to be used by readers with vision problems. It incorporates: consistent stroke widths; an under-slung “j” and “q”; open counterforms; and larger punctuation marks. While APHont may not be an aestheti-cally pleasing typeface, it does point to the opportunity for further development of typefaces that accommodate the aging eye.

American Printing House for the Blind’s typeface APHont.

49

Design Development

Evaluation

Mock up

Ideation


Concept Development

50

Ideation

From the previous researches, the basic direction has been estab-lished. Benefited from the UWB radar technology, which can be used to detect human blood pressure without direct contact the vascular, it shall be little problem to design a blood pressure meter without the cuff and provide a new way of taking the patient’s blood pressure. The technology has also given many opportunities to the designer to consider the ergonomic for the elderly people

51

The ideations can be cataloged into 7 types and be evaluated later:

#1 Computer Accessories - Connect with computer #2 Independent Item ver.1 - All in one(Table Top) #3 Independent Item ver.2 - All in one(Lap Top) #4 Independent Item ver.3 - All in one(Hand Held) #5 Independent Item ver.4 - All in one(Wearable)

#6 Kit ver.1 - Base + Portable item Base: Data Transmit, Recharge Item: Scan, Information Display #7 Kit ver.2 - Base + Portable item Base: Data Transmit, Recharge, Information Display Item: Scan

52

Concept Development

Following the initial concept in the previous report, we have modified and developed the measuring device, a bulky stone-like form that can fit in human hands better, especially for the elderly whose hands are less sensitive. Instead of shiny and slippery, matt material will be used on the surface. It can be made from silicon that provides soft touch and firm grip for better holding to prevent from dropping the device.

Pro. • Portable device, can be easily carried around. • Form & Material can provide comfortable and firmly holding. Con. • Control panel may be complicate to use. • Design difficulty rises when all the functions are inside the device. • Battery replacement can also be a design challenge.

53

After evaluated the initial ideations, the second developed concept is a table-top device. The left one has a helf ball on top which can read user’s BP when user put his hand on it, and the lower part is the arm rest part. The right one is an oil-lamp shap BP reader, the user can presses the start button on top to read his BP or switches the button to launch other functions which like time setting. When the device is scaning the user’s BP, it glows sofly to relax user’s emotion in order to get more reliable result.

Pro. • Larger devices provide more space for bigger buttons for old adults to operate the devices. • The oil-lamp shape device can ease user's emotion and taking Blood Pressure(BP) in a relaxed condition. Con. • Have to consider how to let the users read the result conveniently. • Does the size is to large for user to put it in their home?

54

The third developed concept is a elf-like device that use have to hold it on his/her lap. The round-edge form provide soft feedback when user holding it. The bottom part is concave thus can fit user’s lap shape and make device more stable on user’s lap top.

Pro. • Bulky shape helps the elderly user to hold the device firmly. • It makes users get into a relaxed position when they hold something on the lap. Con. • Some people may think the device is too big. • .Not everyone prefers using both hands to hold the device.

55

Form Study Mock up

56

Hand held group

57

Table-top/Lap-top group

58


Mock up evaluation : • Form study/evaluation • Position of using device • Size/ dimension evaluation • Button size mock-up testing • Display type testing • UI languages testing • Button Type input V.S. Touching screen input

Goal : • Their understanding about the descriptions of the device. • The information they expect. • What’s their attitude, expectation toward medical devices? • How the behavior change after using the device. • The minimum weight they can accept. • Their understanding about the user interface • What kind of displayer do they prefer?

59

03, The user was trying two mock-ups in different forms. Again, the tester prefers the bulky one instead of the cyl-inder because she can grab it easily and hold it more stably.

04, The user was trying the mock-up which requires the user to put it on their lap and place her hand on it.

01,02, The user was trying two mock-ups with different sizes and curve. The tester prefers the thicker one which she can grab and hold it eas-ily, because her hands shake severely.

03

0402

01

60

05,06, The user was com-paring the different mock-ups. In pic 05 was the user comparing the laptop one and the bulky thick one; pic 06 was the user compar-ing the laptop one and the bulky thin one.

07,08, The designer was asking the user to test different type of input panels. In pic 07, the user was using the button input cell phone. In pic 08, the user was using the touching screen phone. Surprisingly, the user likes the I Phone, but obviously she can’t control it well because of the poor dexterity of her fin-gers.

05

06

07

08

61

Evaluate the user’s understanding of the Graphic icon / Function description: • The user spent longer time to memorize the functions of the buttons. • The user hesitated to explore the functions of the device. • The text description is better than graphic icons. • The user didn’t recognize the zoom in and zoom out icon.

Evaluate the information displayed in Monotone or Color: • The user prefers high contrast screen. • Colors help the user recognize easily.

62

Evaluate the different types of input: • The user got in stuck the first time she used I phone which only has a flat screen and a button. • The user thought the instant interaction she experienced from I phone is more interesting than SE phone • The user couldn’t control conduction touching panel well. She couldn’t select the right option or stop in the right page when I asked her to roll pages to find a name from phone book. • The user’s fingers were lack of dexterity. It made her difficult to select or press the button on touching screen • The user seemed hard to apply or relate other gestures we were using in current touching panel device. Ex: I told her to roll the page up and down by moving her fingertip on the screen. Then she just kept moving her finger up and down no matter in what page. • A screen with high dpi and back light screen/ glow text helps the user to recognize.

• Smart phone • Conduction touching panel

• Cell phone • Button input

• Slide phone • Button input

63

Evaluation / The things I learned from user interview

Avoid thin and small hand-hold installment : • She likes the bulky shapes because her hands shake severely.

• Most of the time, the user uses one single hand to hold the mock-ups.

• The device with round and smooth surface is welcome.

Hand-hold mock-up seems to be more popular : • The desk-top mock-up makes the user lower her body to access the model.

• The user prefers to bring the model up close to herself.

• The user can not hold the mock-up and keeps it stable on her lap.

64

Design Refinement

Control Panel Study

UI Development-Wire Frame

Refinement/Mock Up

Second Refinement

UI Development-Task Analysis

Story Board


65


General Requirements • The product must be able to be operated without professional medical knowledge. • The product must to have independent power inside. • The product should be able to be held in one hand. • The product should be able to be operated by a single person.

Functional Requirements • The product must be able to provide the vital signals to the user including: Heart Rate Systolic Pressure Diastolic Pressure • The product must be able to make sound. • The product must be able to connect with hospital or doctor. • The product must be able to access the internet. • The product must be able to be controlled by finger pressing. • The product must be able to recognize the user. • The product must be able to help user to schedule his/her time to take BP . • The product should be rechargeable. • The product should be able to display the messages from practitioners • The product should be able to record user's examination results. • The product should be able to set up the time automatically. • The product may be able to glow. • The product may be able to access internet wirelessly. • The product may be able to withstand splashing water. • The product may be able to provide tips about how to do the examination in the right way.

66

Performance Requirements • Power system The recharger must can be used on residential outlet . The full recharge time for device should not be longer than 1 hour. The working time of product after one fully recharge should not be less than 2 hours. • Usability The device should have a curved surface. The device should be able to be easily grabbed with two fingers. • The product must be able to show the feedback to the user. • The product must be able to provide the memory to store medical data. • The product must be able to generate the sound over 60db when reminding the user. • The product must be able to be dropped from 1 meter high. • The product should be able to guide the user to operate the device. • The product should be able to provide the information to the user in high contrast.

User Interface Requirements • The UI must be able to be easily understood. • The UI must be able to indicate each function clearly. • The UI should be able to apply text descriptions to indicate user. • The UI should be able to guide user by voice. • The UI should be able to apply colors to indicate the function for user. • The buttons should be big enough for mature-handed users to press. • The space between buttons should be big enough for mature-handed users to press. • The buttons should be able to provide feedback when the user presses the buttons. • The buttons should be different sizes to indicate different functions. • The button location should reflect the hierarchy of the functions.

67

Material Requirements • The material must to be able to provide friction with fingers. • The material should be able to be recycled. • The material should be water-proof..

Safety Requirements • The product must not provide the user with warning sound less than 60db. • The product must be able to provide the conspicuous warning dialogues with high contrast. • The product must be able to provide the reset button when system needs to be recovered. • The product should be able to back up the data when the power shuts down accidently. • The product should be able to be controlled by a technician.

Aesthetic Requirements • The product must be able to express simple to user. • The product must be able to express friendliness to user.

68

Refinement

Based on form studies, user tests and ergonomic studies, the direc-tion is focusing on hand-hold scanning device. Thus the designer has started to refine the shape of the device for hand-hold installment part and develop a variety of shapes.

Also, in order to help the users take their BP consistently, the life of battery should be considered. Thus, the recharging base seems a solution.

69

Refinement Ver.1.0

Time

OK

Note

Cancel

2.6 in2 in

1.6 in

5 in

12:00

3.4 in

1 in4 in

7.25 in

OK OK

Rotatable Ring

Step 1. Step 2.Rubber Bumper

Connection Port

Electronic Paper Screen

70

1 in

Time

OK

Cancel

Note

1 in

7.25 in

4 in

Base Layout

Adjust Base Angle

Step 1. Step 2.

RubberTranslucent Acrylic

71

More Form Studies

72

UI Development - Task Analysis

Human Factors Sequential Task Analysis (Tele-health care device)

Key to disposition codes (Symbols indicated in column at far right if the tables)

D = Design Consideration to be evaluated for incorporation into future design changes for this product or systemR = Include in Product RequirementsS = Include in Product SpecificationsLR = Design Consideration to be incorporated into the Labeling* Requirements for this product or systemLS = Design Consideration to be incorporated into the Labeling* Specifications for this product or systemA = Issues concerning “Accessories” to consider during specification and design of this product or systemN = No relevant information or disposition identifiedN/A = Not addressed in this analysisI = Insufficient Information available to address

* the term “labeling ” includes all labels, Directions for Use(DFU), Instructions for Use(IFU) and other informational materials to be supplied with the product(including media such as CD ROMs, DVDs and etc.)

73

TASK ANALYSIS A: User takes the BP examination and sends the test result to the doctor

Ref# SEQUENTIAL TASKS POTENTIAL ISSUES DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS DISPOSITION1 - The User notices that he/she needs to do the

regular BP check- The user may not remem-ber whose turn to use the device - User may not want to use at that moment- User may not understand the signs

- The device may send out lights and sounds. The “user” icon, if lightened up, indicates one user needs to take the BP examination- The device may shut down and inform the user 10 minutes later

D,R,S

2 - Remove the device from the base unit - Users may not understand how to use it- Users may not want to use the device

- The device better be designed to be separated from the base unit.

D,R

3 - Sit down on a chair which has a back and relax. - The user may not have a chair to sit on.- The user may not be relaxed

- The device may send a message to inform the user to be relaxed to achieve more accurate results.

N/A

4 - Adjusts the position to make body relaxed - The user may not feel relaxed - The user’s position may not be good enough for measurement

- The device may send a message to inform the user to be relaxed to achieve more accurate results

N/A

5 - To use the scan function of the device - User may don’t know how to lunch the function

- The device may need a start but-ton or guide the user how to perform the operation.

D,R

6 - Hold the Device in hand - User may drop the device- User may use one hand or both hand to hold the device

- Apply anti-slip material D,R,S

7 - Keeps connecting to the device when scanning the BP

- User may drop the device when scanning- The user may move his hands from the device.

- The device sends out lights when scanning the user’s BP

N/A

74

8 - Notice the time the check is finished - The user may not realize when the process is over

- It may have images combined with written instructions in a user manual, or an animated video explaining the user interface program

D,S

9 - Check the result of the examination. - User may don’t understand the result

- Use the sign to indicate the user’s health level

D,R

9 - Sends the result to the doctor - User may don’t understand how to send the result

- Put the device back to the base unit, and the device will show “send the result to the hospital”

75

TASK ANALYSIS B: Doctor check patient’s BP history

Ref# SEQUENTIAL TASKS POTENTIAL ISSUES DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS DISPOSITION

1 - Log in to his/her account - User may forget the password or ID

- N/A

2 - Find the patient - User may be unable to find the patient- User may not be sure he/she found the right person

- N/A

3 - Check the quick statute of the patient - User may not understand the icons

- N

4 - Checks more information about the patient

- User may not understand how to access further information

- Well designed package that keeps the device secure and damage free when it is being shipped

LR/LS

5 - Look for patient’s BP history - User may not know how to enter to access further information- User may find out it’s not the person he/she is looking for

- D,R

6 - Check patient’s week-long BP history - The interface may seem too complex- The interface may seem too dif-ficult to understand

- D,R

7 - Check patient’s month-long BP history - The interface may seem too complex- The interface may seem too dif-ficult to understand

D,R

8 - Checks patient’s year-long BP history - The interface may seem too complex- The interface may seem too dif-ficult to understand

S,R

76

TASK ANALYSIS C: Check the MSG from doctor

Ref# SEQUENTIAL TASKS POTENTIAL ISSUES DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS DISPOSITION

1 - User notices that he/she has a new MSG from the doctor

- User may not want to use at that moment- User may not understand the signs

- The user can turn off the sound but device will keep glowing - The user interface must be designed to be simple and easy to use

D,R

2 - Recognizes the MSG is for him/her or for someone else

- User may not understand the signs

- The sign must be designed to be simple and easy to use

N/A

3 - Enters the personal MSG box - User may not understand how to use - User may press other buttons

- Device may have buttons with clear descriptions

D,R

4 - Searches for the unread MSG - User may not understand how to use

- The control panel must be designed for to be and easy to use

S,R

5 - Open the unread MSG - User may not know how to enter to access further information - User may not want to read the MSG

- The user interface should indicate how to open the MSG

S,R

6 - Jump back to the MSG box - User may not understand how to go back to previous layer

- The user interface should indicate how to go back to previous layer

S,R

77

Story Board - Reminder user taking BP

79

UI Development - Wire frame

Time

OK

Cancel

12:00 Note

Time

OK

Cancel

User1 User2Are you

Time

OK

Cancel

User1 User2Are you

Time

OK

Cancel

User1 User2Are you

Time

OK

Cancel

Set up your first time

AM

Time

OK

Cancel

Set up your Second time

AM

Time

OK

Cancel

Set up your

Second time

PM

Time

OK

Cancel

Set up your

Second time

AM

Time

OK

Cancel

Set up your

Second time

PM

Note Note

NoteNote Note

Note Note Note

Alert Setting

80

Time

OK

Cancel

12:00Time

OK

Cancel

Set up your Second time

PM

Time

OK

Cancel

Set up time successfully

Back to main page... Note NoteNote

81

Note Reading

Time

OK

Cancel

12:00

Time

OK

Cancel

Note

Note

Time

OK

Cancel

User1U ser2Are you

Time

OK

Cancel

User1U ser2Are you

Hi, this is doctor Park, I update your prescription.The following is your new

prescription:

Time

OK

Cancel

Note

The following is your new prescription: Take 2 red pills for each time

Time

OK

Cancel

Note

time Reduce the blue pill to 1 pill for each time

Time

OK

Cancel

Note

time Reduce the blue pill to 1

pill for each time

Note Note

Time

OK

Cancel

Note

pill for each time

Back to main page

Time

OK

Cancel

12:00 Note

82

Time

OK

Cancel

Note

Please taking your blood pressure

9:00 AM

Morning Mr. King:

Time

OK

Cancel

Note

Please taking your blood pressure

8:00 PM

Good Evening Ms. King:

Time

OK

Cancel

Note

Your Note has something new, please check it out.

8:00 PM

Mr. King:

Time

OK

Cancel

Note

s

something c

heck it

8:00 PM

Please taki

pressure

Good Evenin

Time

OK

Cancel

Note

e

thing it

PM

Please taking y

pressure

Good Evening Ms.

Time

OK

Cancel

Note

Please be relaxed to get

more accurate result.

Press button to start

Notification

New Notification Coming Up

New Notification Coming Up

83

Second Refinement - Wire Frame

Time

OKCancel

Note

7.6 in

4.5 in

1.6 in

1 in

Refinement Ver. 2.0

Separate “OK“ button

Concave “Cancel“ button

Enlarge the navigation button

Concave surface

Enlarge the space between function buttons

Protruding “Scan“ button

84

Refinement Ver. 2.0

OK

Cancel

Time Note

Cancel OKTime Note

Refinement Ver. 3.0

Enlarge function buttons

Large single piece navigation panel

Place “Cancel“ button in the back to prevent accidental pressing

Arrange buttons in a straight line

Separate navigation buttons

85

Mock Up

87

Second Refinement - User Test

The user was testing the size, position and space of the buttons

88

Giving feedback about using navigation ring and separated buttons.

89

The user removed the device from the base unit.

90

The user read the text on the device.

91

Control Panel Study

OK

Cancel

ReminderN ote

OK

Cancel

ReminderN ote

ReminderN ote

Cancel

ReminderN ote

92

Rendering

94

Final Design


UI - Note

Features


UI - Reminder

UI - Scan BP

Details

Orthographic View

Exploded View/BOM

95

Details

03

02

01

03, The convex power button is placed on the back of the base.

02, Bright colors and high contrast help the user recognize the functions of the buttons easily. The product therefore looks more attractive.

01, The user can easily press the en-larged buttons.

96

04

05 06

05, Buttons with outer edge help the user recognize each button.

04, The “Down Arrow” button is in orange and with concave sur-face to be distinguished from “Up Arrow “button. The “OK” button is larger than the “Cancel“ button and the “Cancel“ button is placed on the back of the control panel with a concave surface to prevent from being pressed accidentally.

06, The “Zoom in/Zoom out “switch has a granular surface. The user can easily find it and switch the size of the text.

97

Zoom In & Zoom Out/ Voice Reading

Hi, this is doctor Park, I updated your prescription. The fol-lowing is your new pre-scription:

Hi, this is doctor Park, I up-dated your prescription.The following is your new pre-scription:

The following is your new prescription:

Features

98

Getting user’s attention by glowing BP Test NotificationMessage Notification

Please take your blood pressure

Good Evening Ms. King:

8:00 PM

You have a new note. Please press “Note” button to read.

8:00 PM

99

Device attached to base magnetically

Has magnet inside

25

Create reading angle

100

Please relax to get a more

accurate result.

Screen orientation changed by position

Please relax to get a more accurate result.


101

UI - Scan BP

Sending the result to the care provider...

8:00 PM


102

UI - Reminder

Schedule your First time

6:00AM

Schedule your First time

8:30AM

Schedule your Second time

9:30PM

103

Schedule your Second time

9:40PM

BP reminder set up successfully

Back to main page...

104

UI - Note

You have a new note. Please press “Note” button to read.

8:00 PM

Hi, theis is doctor Park, ...

Hi, theis is doctor Park, I ...

Hi, theis is doctor Park, I ...

Happy Birthday Ms. King, ...

Hi, this is doctor Park, I updated your prescription.The following is your new pre-scription:

The following is your new prescription:

pill for each time.

Back to main page

106


107


108

Tool for Practitioner - Web Site

110

Exploded View/BOM

Protection Cover

Upper Shell

E-paper

Dark Chrome

Transparent Rubber

UWB Module

Processor Chip

Speaker

Lithium Battery

Wireless Recharge Module

UWB Receiver (Aluminum Shell)

Back Shell

Memory Chip

Scanning Button

Bluetooth Module

Function CostMemory 0.14MB RAM Display 253” E-paperDisplay ControllerMechanical/Electro-Mechanical 3.27PCBsEnclosure PlasticsMetalsRubberUWB Module 10.41Pulse Generator ReceiverProcessor 2.5Application ProcessorBluetooth 1.8Bluethooth ModuleAudioSpeaker 0.2Wireless Recharge Module 1.8Circuit BoardPower Management ICBattery 2.753.7V 700mAh Lithium BatteryTotal $47.83

Device BOM

111

Function CostMemory 0.38MB RAM 3G Module 83G ModuleAntennaMechanical/Electro-Mechanical 2.15PCBsEnclosure PlasticsMetalsRubberAcrylicMagnetPower Supply 0.3Power Management ICAdaptor Bluetooth 1.8Bluethooth ModuleAudioSpeaker 0.2Wireless Recharger Module 2Circuit BoardPower Management ICTotal $14.75

Rubber StripMagnetRubber LoopButtons

Translucent Acrylic

Top Shell

Power Button

Outer Frame

Power Supplier

Wireless Recharger

3G Module

LED

Bluetooth Module

Base

Button Bases

Rubber Block

SpeakerMemory Chip

Base BOM

112

Orthographic View

7.35

7.25

4.10

4.00

0.35

0.36

R0.05

R0.55

R0.07 1.40 0.62 0.62

1.38

0.47

0.82

0.11

0.15 0.10

2.50

5.84

2.254.39

0.79 1.41

0.40 0.360.270.07

0.64

0.60

0.22

0.24

0.28

R0.05R0.03

R0.06R0.01

0.45

0.91

0.15

1.86

3.02

R1.55

R0.63

R0.20

R0.32

4.86

2.63

0.070.05

0.540.31

0.03

0.40

Blood Pressure Meter2.0

Name

Scale 1inch : 2 inch

Date

5/11/2011

113

Plan

1. Refining design bases on feedbacks 2. Looking for cooperation from manufacturers to refine design implementation 3. Building website to get more feedbacks, and advertise to target institutes.4. Taking Solid Work class to build more feasible mock up.5. Looking for internship opportunity to get more senses about materials and manufacture processes.6. Keeping in touch with Holux Technology, Inc. to get more feedbacks about the design feasibility.

1. Group Directed Study (Implementation Phase) 2. Taking class from new media department to refine monitoring tool prototype. 3. Refining design bases on feedbacks 4. Further user testing, and interview with stakeholders 5. Develop model with manufacturers 6. Make project public and accessible on the internet.7. Continuing work with Holux Technology, Inc. to refine the design.

SUMMER

FALL

114

Bibliography

Lars Erik Solberg, Ilangko Balasingham, Svein-Erik Hamran and Erik Fosse,“A Feasibility Study on Aortic Pressure Estimation Using UWB Radar”, Inter-vensjonssenteret, Oslo universitetssykehus HF, N-0027 Oslo, Norway.

G. Parati, G. Ongaro, G. Bilo, F. Glavina, P. Castiglioni, M. D. Rienzo, and G. Mancia, “Non-invasive beat-to-beat blood pressure monitoring: new develop-ments,” Blood Pressure Monitoring (Workshop), vol. 8.

Enrico M. Staderini, ”AN UWB RADAR BASED STEALTHY‘LIE DETECTOR’ ”, “Tor Vergata” University of Rome, Dept. of Biopathology and Imaging, Medical Physics Section.

J.Y. Lee and J.C. Lin, “A microprocessor-based noninvasive arterial pulse-wave analyzer,” IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering.

I. Balasingham1,2,3, R. Chávez-Santiago1,2, J. Bergsland1, T.A. Ramstad2 and E. Fosse, “Ultra Wideband Wireless Body Area Network for Medical Ap-plications“, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo.

C. N. Paulson, J. T. Chang, C. E. Romero, J. Watson, F. J. Pearce, N. Levin, “Ultra-wideband Radar Methods and Techniques of Medical Sensing and Im-aging “, SPIE International Symposium on Optics EastBoston, MA, United States, October 10, 2005.

“Ultra Wideband Technology Overview “, MobilVox, Inc, October 2004.

Igor Immoreev, Teb-Ilo Tao, “UWB Radar for Patient Monitoring “, Moscow Aviation Institute, Industrial Technology Research Institute, IEEE A&E SYS-TEMS MAGAZINE, NOVEMBER 2008.

Wen-Hsiung Chen1, Jing-Yi Chen1, Chen-Ying Su2, Jui-O Chen3, “An Ex-plore Factors Associated with Illness Perception and Drug Compliant Behavior of Hypertensive Patients “, THE JOURNAL OF TAIWAN PHARMACY Vol.26 No.3 Sep. 30 2010.

Neutel JM & Smith DH: Improving patient compliance: A major goal in the management of hypertension. J Clin Hypertens, 2003; 5(2): 127-32.

Glasser SP: Hypertension syndrome and cardiovascular events; high blood pressure is only one risk factor. Postgraduate Medicine, 2001; 110: 29-36.

Huan-Wen Tseng, You-cheng Liu, Zhi-Phase Feng, Ming-Lin Wu, “Interface Design of the Tele-Homecare Service Creation Environment “, Institute of Applied Science and Technology Electronics ,Institute of Technical Education, National Taiwan Normal University,

De-Li Chen, Qing-Yao Wang, Chong-Ren Huang, Ming-Fung Yeh ,“Design and demonstration of application of integrated home care services, long dis-tance program,” ITRI ICL.

Shi-Tang Lin, Chong-Ren Huang , Ding-Wei Ho, “Operation of personal health care services and information communication technology integration pro-gram”. ITRI ICL.

Syed Gilani, David Niewolny, “Design Considerations for Next GenerationMedical Devices “, Freescale, October 8th, 2009.

Yelena Gorina, M.S., M.P.H.; Donna Hoyert, Ph.D.; Harold Lentzner, Ph.D.; and Margie Goulding, Ph.D. “Trends in Causes of Deathamong Older Persons in the United States “, U.S Department of Health and Human Service, National Center for Health Statistics, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.

Bosch Healthcare, http://www.bosch-telehealth.com/content/language1/html/55_ENU_XHTML.aspx

U.S. Department of Justice Americans with Disabilities Act, http://www.ada.gov/

U.S. Food and Drug Administration, http://www.fda.gov

Intel’s Health Research and Innovation, http://www.intel.com/corporate/eu-rope/emea/irl/intel/healthcare/index.htm

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Portfolio

122

Integrated Home Systems - The Universal Remote for Your Home

User Interface Final Version

Device is in sleep mode Press “Home” button to turn device from sleep mode to the unlock screen.

Press the passcode, button glows when pressing.

Unlock the device and screen replaces with a passcode screen.

Press the passcode to enter the Main menu.

Lighting

Functions

+ Home Consoles

+ Bath

User Interface Final Version

The screen replaces and displays a list of the functions belonging to the “Bath” category.

Screen replaces, showing temperature and depth adjustment bars.

Filling...

Temp

28C

Depth

40%

Preset

BathBack Advanced

18 C /10 %

BathBack Advanced

Bathtub

Lighting

Faucet

Lighting

Standby

Temp

38C

Depth

70%

Preset

BathBack Advanced

- - C /- - %

Filling...

Temp

38C

Depth

10%

Preset

BathBack Advanced

18 C /10 %

Standby

Temp

18C

Depth

10%

Preset

BathBack Advanced

Lighting

Notification:

The bathtub is filled

L gightin

ledThe bathtub is fibathtubaththe bThe be ba

Adjust water temperture and water depth.

Presses the start button to fill the bathtub.

Water filling into the bathtub. Pressing the “Home” button to go back to the Main menu, the progressing bar shows the water is filling.

Holding the “Home” button for 5 secs. puts the device in sleep mode.

Pops up a dialog box to notify the user when the bathtub is filled.

+ Bath Preset

42C 60%Temp Depth

Run Preset

Preset Name

New user

Una’s

John’s

Bath

BathBack Advanced

Edit

42C 60%Temp Depth

Run Preset

Preset Name

New user

Una’s

John’s

Bath

BathBack Advanced

Edit

38C 70%Temp Depth

Run Preset

Preset Name

New user

Una’s

John’s

Bath

BathBack Advanced

Edit

Preset: John

Temp

42C

Depth

60%

Cancel Save

BathBack Advanced

Preset: John

Temp

38C

Depth

70%

Cancel Save

BathBack Advanced

Preset: John

Temp

38C

Depth

70%

Cancel Save

BathBack Advanced

42C 60%Temp Depth

Run Preset

Preset Name

New user

Una’s

John’s

Bath Preset

BathBack Advanced

Edit

Preset Name

Run Preset

Setting

Delete

Cancel

Back

42CTemp

60%Depth

Preset Name

Bath Advanced

Edit

Preset Name

Setting

Press preset button to switch to preset menu.

Press edit button to edit preset user.

Pop up the option menu. Press setting button to edit preset user.

Screen replaced. Hit hot key to set up the water temperture and depth.

Press save to save the change. Back to preset stage.

Delete

Cancel

User Interface Final Version User Interface Final Version

Pressing Run Preset button starts filling water into bathtub.

38C 70%Temp Depth

Run Preset

Preset Name

New user

Una’s

John’s

Bath

BathBack Advanced

Edit

L gightin

Locked

L gightin

ledThe bathtub is fibathtubaththe bThe be ba

129

Daryl LinTel: 415-244-6576Mail: [email protected]

Personal Data

Daryl Lin. Born 10.02.1985 in Blacksburg, VA, U.S.

Education

Master of Fine Arts, Industrial Design Sep. 2008 - PresentAcademy of Art University, San Francisco, CA

Bachelor of Science, Electrical Engineering Sep. 2004 - Jun. 2007Yuan Ze University, Taiwan

Industrial Design Studies, 2007King's Design & Art School, Taiwan

Experience

Electrical Engineering Control & System Engineering Laboratory, 2006 Yuan Ze University, Taiwan

Multimedia Laboratory, 2006Yuan Ze University, Taiwan

Design Assistant,2008Jian Ru Advertisement Studio

Skills

Rhinoceros 3D

Alias Studio Tools

Adobe Photoshop

Adobe Illustrator

Adobe Indesign

Dreamwave

mfa thesis wip book - design

Documents