Volume 22, Number 1 1

MEADOWLARKA JOURNAL OF ILLINOIS BIRDS

Volume 22, Number 1 – 2013ISSN 1065-2043

Visit Our Website at: http://www.illinoisbirds.org

ArticlesAn integrative approach to testing density 2 affects in a migratory songbird, the Prothonotary Warbler (Protonotaria citrea), in southern Illinois —NicoleDavros,StephanieWheeler,WendySchelsky,JeffreyBrawnandJeffreyHoover

Photo GallerySummer Color 21 & 24Nesting Behavior 22 & 23

DepartmentsField Notes: The 2012 breeding season 9 —StevenD.Bailey

About Our Cover: PeterOlsoncreatedourcoverfeaturingamaleLark

Bunting.Seeinsideforinformationonthisbirdthatspentthesummerof2012courtinganon-existentfemale.PeteristheassistantdirectorfortheNIUArtMuseum.Hisfinearthasappearedatmanyshows,includingtheprestigiousLeighYawkeyWoodsonArtMuseuminWisconsin.

Letter from the EditorAsweheadintotheholidayseason,Iwouldliketothank

our wonderful volunteers for the many gifts they offer toMeadowlarkandtheIOS.Thesevolunteersdotheirworkforgratisandmakemyjobsomucheasier.There’snowaytolistall the names of those who have contributed their talents tothe journal, but I amgoing to at least try toget someof thenamesoutherewhohavecontributedthemost.Youcanlookat past issues of Meadowlark and see who I’ve missed bylookingatthenamesofauthors,photographers,boardmembersandotherswhohavecontributed.

FirsttoassociateeditorsStevenD.BaileyandJeffWalk–SteveisaproofreaderparextraordinaireandhespendshoursresearchingIllinoisbirdphotosthatmakethemagazineshine–Jeffhelpswithsecuringarticlesfromgrantwinners–noeasytask–andMattMcKim-Louderissteppingintohelpaswell.

Well, then Imust thankDenisBohm,whohas organizedthegrantprocessformanyyears–withouthim,notasmanyfine stories. (Without him, no records of our IOS meetingminutes,either!)

Theartists!WeareluckytohavesuchtalentedartistswhoarealsobirdersinIllinois.Formorethan21years,theyhavebeendrawingthecoversandfieldnotesheadingsatnocharge!Weare theonly state journal that has this special cover, andit’sbecauseofthem.

ThankstoNanduDubey(anIllinoisYoungBirdermember),MattMcKim-Louder,PeterOlson,MichaelL.P.Retter,JennyVogt and BarbaraWilliams. Other past artists have includedDavidAthans,KarenBecker,LeslieDeCourcey,DenisKania,WalterMarcisz,EricSecker,KevinSierzega,BrianWillis,EricWrightandJimZiebol.

The field notes editors! Gathering the informationkeeps gettingmore complicated as editors are now gleaninginformationnotonlyfrompersonalemailsandsnailmails,butalsoebirdandIBET.Wehavethemostcomprehensive21-yearhistoryofbirdsightingsamongthemanystatejournals.Thesedatawillprove invaluable to researchers foryears tocome–andasyouwillreadinourpresident'smessage,weareontheroadtomakingthatdataaccessibleonline.SothankstoSteveBailey,BobChapel,PaulClyne,BobDanley,MyrnaDeaton,DavidB. Johnson,VernKleen,KellyMcKay,TravisMahan,Doug Stotz, EricWalters, GeoffWilliamson – all of whomhavedonethefieldnotesovertheyears.Bravo!

ChristmasBirdCountcompilers!DavidB.Johnson(withhelp fromAlStokie) andPaulSweet have crunched a lot ofdatasothatwecanseetrends–VernKleendidthespringbirdcountarticleformanyyearsandnowwehaveMikeWardandTaraBeverothof the IllinoisNaturalHistorySurvey sendingmethereportstopublish.

The photographers! We have some of the best birdphotographersinthelandandtheywillinglysharetheirprizedpictures with the readers of Meadowlark, again at no cost.Did I say that all these folks listed above do all of this fornada?Unbelievable!Iamnotgoingtoeventry to listall thephotographers.You’llseetheirnamesinissuesofMeadowlark.We are so proud to be able to sharemore andmore of theirphotos in color.Check out the spread in themiddle. It takesso long for us to choose those photos andwe can’t even fit

them all in –we’ve gone over pages just to get in asmany ofthese great photographs. In the beginning, JoeMilosevich sentus scores of photos as did Dennis Oehmke and Eric Walters.Thenwith their departure, lotsmore got on board – thank youall somuch! Some of themore prolific photographers inmorerecent years have includedDonBlecha, Jackie Bowman,MarkBowman,JohnLonghenry,BobSchifoandSteveSpitzer.OtherswhohaveprovidedscoresofgreatphotosovertheyearsincludeAmar Ayyash, Sam Burckhardt, Paul Dacko, Bonnie Duman,JoshEngel,MatthewFletcher,MattFraker,FrankHolmes,KanaeHirabayashi, Steve Huggins, Robert Hughes, Dan Kassebaum,Jerry Kumery, Greg Lambeth, Nolan Lameka, Travis Mahan,WalterMarcisz,EmilMartinec,IvanPetrov,MaryKayRubey,AriShavit,BrianTang,CraigThayerandMatthewWinks.

Theauthors!Special thanks toDavidB.Johnson,StevenD.Bailey,DanKassebaum,TravisMahan–whohavewrittenmorethantheirshareofarticlesfor theMeadowlark,andtoChristineWilliamson,afrequentcontributorintheearlyyears.SueFrisciaalsowrotemanyfeederstationcolumns.

Iamsohumbledandproud tobeassociatedwith these finepeople. Thank you – may all the gifts of the season be yoursincludingfineviewsofthebirdsyoulove.

Copyright©2013 by the Illinois Ornithological Society. No part ofthis journal may be reproduced without the written permission of IOS and the chief editor, except brief passages of a paragraph or less in which attribution is made to the journal and author.

2 Meadowlark

INTRODUCTIONEcologists have long noted that

manynaturalanimalpopulationsfluc-tuatearoundalong-termaverageabun-dance(Lack1954).Thisabundanceisthoughttoberegulatedinpartthroughdensity-dependentfactorssuchascom-petition, predation, and disease.Oncesubject to debate (Murdoch 1994),ecologists now recognize densitydependence as a conceptual corner-stoneofpopulationbiology.Keyques-tionspersist,however,aboutthenatureand generality of density effects. Forexample, even within a well-studiedgroup such as songbirds, clear evi-dencefordensitydependenceremainselusive(e.g.,Brawn1987,Both1988,Torok and Toth 1988, Dhondt et al.1992, Sillett et al. 2004). Althoughunderstanding the regulatory mecha-nisms controlling populations hasprovendifficult, it isconsidered tobeone of the most important tasks stillfacingecologists(May1999). Indeed,many contemporary habitat issues(e.g.,fragmentation,restoration)makeit a priority to understand the basicprocesses underlying the dynamics ofsongbirdpopulationsifwearetoeffec-tively manage these populations andtheirhabitats.

Although several density-depen-dentmechanismsmay act to regulatea population, competition (e.g., forfood, space) has often been assumedto be the most important mechanismregulating territorial songbirds in par-ticular(Newton1998).Moststudiesofdensitydependence insongbirdshavefocused on the associations betweendensityandannualreproductiveoutputthat are expected when competitionis intensified under crowded condi-tions(e.g.,AlataloandLundberg1984;TorokandToth1988;Both1998).Veryfewstudieshavelookedathowbehav-ioralorphysiologicalresponsestoden-sitymightmediateanypotentialnega-tivedensityeffects(Dobbsetal.2007,

An integrative approach to testing density affects in a migratory songbird, the Prothonotary Warbler

(Protonotaria citrea), in southern Illinois

Nephew and Romero 2003, Beldenet al.2007,OrtegoandEspada2007)despite the role that these responseshaveasproximatemechanismsunder-lying variation in fitness and survival(Wingfield and Sapolsky 2003). Inreality, multiple mechanisms likelyoperateandinteracttoregulatepopula-tions (Krebs 2002, Rodenhouse et al.2003), andunderstandinghowbehav-ior and physiology interact with den-sitymaybekeytoexplainingthenega-tive density effects, or lack thereof,detectedinterritorialsongbirdstudies.

From 2008-2011, we used anexperimentalapproachtotestformul-tiple effects and mechanisms of den-sitydependenceon thebreedingbiol-ogyandphysiologyofacavity-nestingsongbird, the Prothonotary Warbler(Protonotaria citrea).Wemanipulatedwarbler density each season and col-lected data on male behavior, femalereproductiveoutput,andadultbaselinestress hormones. Here, we report onthefollowinggeneralquestions:

1) Does male behavior (i.e., songrates, foragingbehavior) vary in rela-tiontoconspecificneighbordensity?

Wepredictedthatmalecompetitionfor territories andmates, asmeasuredby song rates,would increase in rela-tion to conspecific neighbor density.Wealsopredictedthatincreasedneigh-bor density would lead to increasedcompetitionforfood.Becausemeasur-ingfooddirectlycanbequitedifficult,we used prey attack rates, foragingmovementrates,andflightratesascor-relatesforestimatingfoodcompetition.

2) Does conspecific density influ-ence measures of reproductive suc-cess?

Wepredictedthatconspecificden-sitywouldnegativelyinfluencerepro-ductive success, leading toadecreasein correlates of reproductive success(e.g., clutch size, hatching success,fledging success, attempts at secondbroods) aswell as total annual fledg-ingproduction for femalesattemptingsecondbroods.

Nicole Davros1, Stephanie Wheeler2, Wendy Schelsky3,

Jeffrey Brawn4, and Jeffrey Hoover5

1PrograminEcology,Evolution,andConservationBiology,SchoolofIntegrativeBiology,UofI

2SchoolofIntegrativeBiology,UofI3InstituteofNaturalResourceSustainability,IllinoisNaturalHistorySurvey,UofI

4DepartmentofNaturalResourcesandEnvironmentalSciences,UofI

5InstituteofNaturalResourceSustainability,IllinoisNaturalHistorySurvey,UofI*

*UniversityofIllinois

Prothonotary Warbler photo taken 31 May 2003

by Mary Kay Rubey.

Volume 22, Number 1 3

3) Do baseline stress hormones(i.e.,corticosterone)varyinrelationtoconspecificdensity?

Toourknowledge,nopriorresearchhasfocusedonphysiologicalresponsesto density inwild songbirds.We pre-dicted that if density had a negativeimpact on reproductive success, thenwe should also see elevated baselinecorticosterone levels in our warblerswith more neighbors. This predictionisbasedonpriorresearchshowingthatchronicstress(i.e.,prolongedelevatedbaseline corticosterone) can triggerbehavioral and physiological effectsthat lead todecreased reproduction invertebrates (McEwen and Wingfield2003,WingfieldandSapolsky2003).

METHODSStudy Area & Study Organism

We conducted our researchwithinthe Cache River Watershed (CRW)in southern Illinois, USA. The CRWcontains a diversity of habitat typeswithinanagriculturalmatrix,andwetforest habitats, includingbald cypress(Taxodium distichum)andwatertupelo(Nyssa aquatica)swamps,occupy~9%ofthelandcover(Mankowski1997).

TheProthonotaryWarblerisaneo-tropical migrant that breeds in theeastern and central U.S. (Petit 1999).The species is a cavity-nesting habi-tat specialist that associates closelywith water in bottomland forests andswamps. Prothonotary Warblers areterritorial,sociallymonogamous,read-ilyacceptnestboxes,andexhibithighsite fidelitybetweenbreedingseasons(Hoover2003a),makingthemanidealorganismforexperimentalstudies.Density Manipulation & Determination of Breeding Densities

In 2008, we established a grid-system of 340 nest boxes on two 50ha study sites in the CRW. At eachsite,werandomlyestablishedtwo12.5ha low-densityand two12.5hahigh-density subplots to control for poten-tial habitat differences within eachsite. Low-density subplots had boxesspaced 80-100 m apart; high-densitysubplots had boxes spaced 35-50 mapart.During the2008-2011breedingseasons, we monitored and recordedthe status of each box.We placed allboxes that had active warbler nestsonto greased poles to eliminate nest

predation. We also removed Brown-headedCowbird(Molothrus ater)eggsduring early incubation to eliminateconfounding effects that occur whenadult warblers raise cowbird young(Hoover2003b).To facilitate identifi-cation of breeding pairs, all warblersusing nest boxes and nearly all adultwarblers seen at each site were cap-tured and color-bandedwith a uniquecombinationofanumberedaluminumleg band (U.S. Geological Survey)andcoloredplasticlegbands.Wetookstandardmass,wing, and tarsusmea-surements for each adult and agedthem as either second-year (i.e., 1 yroldandenteringitsfirstbreedingsea-son) or after-second year (i.e., ≥2 yrsold)(Kowalski1986,Pyleetal.1987)birds.

We mapped the location of everynest box using a Trimble GPS unit(Trimble Navigation Ltd., Sunnyvale,California) and transferred the coor-dinates intoArcGIS(ESRI,Redlands,California) to map the distancebetween nest boxes. We then calcu-lated neighbor density as the numberofwarblerpairswithina200-mradiusof each active nest box.We felt thiswas thebestmeasureof localdensityfor a given breeding pair as previousworkinthesystemhasshownthewar-blersinteractmostwiththeirneighborswithinthisdistance(Schelsky2010).

By removing nest predation andthe effects of cowbird parasitism, wewereable to increase thenestingsuc-cessofthewarblers,inturnincreasingtheirsiteandterritoryfidelitybetweenyears. High site fidelity of returningbirdscombinedwithsettlementofnewbirdsledtoincreasingwarblerdensitieseachsuccessiveyear.In2008,densitiesranged from 2-10 neighbors per war-bler pair (EQ \O(x,ˉ) = 6 neighbors).Warblerdensitiespeakedin2010withneighbor densities ranging from 1-27neighbors(EQ\O(x,ˉ)=14neighbors).By 2011,warbler densities had stabi-lized with neighbor densities rangingfrom2-23neighbors(EQ\O(x,ˉ)=14neighbors).Male Behavioral Observations

In 2010, when densities were attheir maximum, we randomly chosebanded males from both low- andhigh-densitysubplots for focalbehav-ioralobservations.Whenpossible,we

conductedobservationsthroughoutthenestingcycle(i.e.,pre-incubation,lay-ing,andnestlingstages).Weobservedmales during their first nesting cycleofthebreedingseason.Duetologisti-calandtimeconstraints,notallmaleswere observed across all stages, andsomemaleswereobservedonlyonce.Only one observer (S.Wheeler) con-ducted the behavioral observations.Observationswereconductedbetween0630-0930 hrs and prior to any otherhumanactivityat themale’snestboxonthatday.Duringafocalobservation,amalewasfirst locatedandobservedfor30spriortothestartofdatacollec-tion.Thishelpedreducepotentialbiasassociated with conspicuous move-ments (e.g., flying; see Homes andRobinson 1988). Observed behaviorswerecontinuouslydictatedintoanmp3voicerecorderforlatertranscription.Astopwatchwasusedtokeeptime,andobservationperiodslastinglessthan30swerenottranscribed.Wefollowedafocalmaleuntilhewaslostfromsightformore than30s,until theobserverbecame an apparent disturbance, oruntilthemalehadbeenobservedforatotalof12mininaday.Allbehaviorswerecategorizedaseither:song,walk,hop, flight, preen, sally strike, sallyhover, glean, or probe. We did notdifferentiate between songs used forterritorial defense (e.g., countersongs)andsongsusedforattractingfemales.Foraging movements and prey attackmaneuvers were based on definitionsprovided by Holmes and Robinson1988 (Table 1).We calculated countsand rates for each behavior for eachmaleperobservationperiod; ratesareexpressed as number per minute pernestingstage.Warbler Reproductive Output

FromlateAprilthroughthebegin-ningofAugusteachyear,wecheckedactive nest boxes every 3-7 days.Wealso monitored natural cavity nestswhentheywerefound,but thiswasarare occurrence (i.e., only 2 warblerpairsusednaturalcavitiesonourplotsacross the4yrsofourstudy).Duringeachnestcheck,werecordedthehostclutchsizeandcowbirdeggstatus.Wealsoidentifiedadultsthatwerepresentat the box or in the area. We deter-mined nest initiation and hatch datesand always checked nests within 2

4 Meadowlark

Table3.ResultsofgeneralizedlinearmixedmodelscomparingcorrelatesofProthonotaryWarblerannualreproductiveoutputtoconspecificneighbordensity,year,ordinaldate,densityxyear,anddensityxordinaldate.

ClutchSize(n=377)

HatchingSuccess(n=371)

FledgingSuccess(n=365)

Attemptsat2ndBrood(n=286)

TotalAnnualFledglingProductiona(n=85)

F P F P F P F P F PNeighbordensity 0.04 0.84 0.12 0.73 1.97 0.16 0.48 0.49 0.34 0.57Year 0.01 0.99 3.66 0.014 0.41 0.74 1.02 0.39 1.75 0.23Ordinaldate 0.89 0.35 0.04 0.84 2.59 0.11 11.92 0.001 4.65 0.06Densityxyear 0.01 0.99 2.24 0.09 0.66 0.58 0.18 0.91 0.69 0.58Densityxordinaldate 0.08 0.77 0.08 0.78 1.97 0.16 0.54 0.46 0.36 0.56Cowbirdparasitismstatusb − − 18.73 <0.0001 − − − − − −aOnlyfemalesthatsuccessfullyraisedafirstbroodandattemptedasecondbroodareincludedinthisanalysis.bCowbirdparasitismstatuswasincludedasafixedeffectforthehatchingsuccessmodelonly.

Table 3.ResultsofgeneralizedlinearmixedmodelscomparingcorrelatesofProthonotaryWarblerannualreproductiveoutputtoconspecificneighbordensity,year,ordinaldate,densityxyear,anddensityxordinaldate.

daysofhatching.Whennestlingswerepresent, we described their physicalappearancetoagethem(PodlesakandBlem 2002). On day 6, 7, or 8 post-hatching,wemeasuredeachnestling’starsus (mm) and body mass (to thenearest 0.01 g) and banded him/herwith a numbered aluminum leg band

Table2.Behavioralresponses(song,foragingmovement,andpreyattackrates)ofmaleProthonotaryWarblersinrelationtoneighbordensity,neststage,maleage,andthedensityxstageinteractionduringfirstnestingattemptsin2010insouthernIllinois.Resultsarefromgeneralizedlinearmixedmodels.EachbehavioralresponsecountwasmodeledasaPoissondistributionwiththelogofobservationtimespecifiedasanoffsetvariableforthelinearpredictor.

SongRate Hop/WalkRate FlightRate PreyAttackRate

F P df F P df F P df F P df

Neighbordensity 1.25 0.29 1,9 2.87 0.12 1,9 0.75 0.41 1,9 0.23 0.64 1,9

Neststage 1.27 0.33 2,9 11.14 0.003 2,9 1.47 0.28 2,9 2.30 0.15 2,9

Maleage 3.58 0.09 1,9 1.32 0.28 1,9 0.30 0.60 1,9 1.81 0.21 1,9

Densityxstage 2.28 0.15 2,9 6.09 0.021 2,9 0.77 0.49 2,9 2.64 0.12 2,9

Table 2.Behavioralresponses(song,foragingmovement,andpreyattackrates)ofmaleProthonotaryWarblersinrelationtoneighbordensity,neststage,maleage,andthedensityxstageinteractionduringfirstnestingattemptsin2010insouthernIllinois.Resultsarefromgeneralizedlinearmixedmodels.EachbehavioralresponsecountwasmodeledasaPoissondistributionwiththelogofobservationtimespecifiedasanoffsetvariableforthelinearpredictor.

Table 1. Classification of foraging movements and prey attack maneuvers madeby male Prothonotary Warblers during focal behavioral observations in 2010.ClassificationsbasedonHolmes&Robinson(1988).

ForagingMovementsWalking UsedatleastonelegatatimeforsupportHopping Bothfeetoffthegroundbutwingswerenotused;includesjumpsFlight UsedtheirwingsandtookflightwhilesearchingforfoodPreyAttackManeuversSallystrike CaughtpreyinflightandconsumeditwhilecontinuingtoflySallyhover Caughtpreyduringhover-likeflightGlean Removedpreyitemfromsurfaceofplant,fallenlog,orthegroundProbe Insertedbillintotreecavityortheground

(U.S.GeologicalSurvey).Afterfledg-ing,breedingpairsweremonitored todetermine their re-nesting status andattemptsatsecondbroods.Forfemalesthat attempted a second brood aftersuccessfullyfledgingafirstbrood,wecalculated the total number of fledg-lingsproducedinaseason.

Adult Baseline Stress HormonesEach season, at least four focal

adult pairs from each subplot (≥16pairs per site; 50% males and 50%females) were captured and bled forbaselineplasma stresshormones (i.e.,corticosterone). Focal adults werealwayscapturedandbledpriortonest-ling banding. If a bird had also beenrandomly chosen as a focal male forbehavioral observations, he was notobserved and bled on the same day.We placed mist-nets in front of nestboxestocaptureadultsastheyarrivedto feed their nestlings. Small bloodsamples(≤40µl)weretakenfromthebrachialveinwithin3minof capture(Wingfieldetal.1982)viaheparinizedmicrocapillary tubes, sealedwithclayononeendofthetube,andstoredonice for ≤8 hrs. We then centrifugedsamples for 11 mins, extracted theplasma,andstoredsamplesindividual-

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rateschangedinresponsetoneighbordensity,however(Table2).Warbler Reproductive Output

Wedidnotfindstrongevidenceforneighbordensityeffectsonclutchsize,hatching success, or fledging success(Table 3). Hatching success did varyslightly inrelation toaneighborden-sity x year interaction (Table 3; Fig.3).In2008and2009,hatchingsuccesswas lower at low neighbor densitiesand increased slightly with neighbordensity.Thispatternswitchedin2010and2011whenhatching successwashigher at lowneighbor densities.Notsurprisingly,hatchingsuccesswassig-nificantly affected by Brown-headedCowbird parasitism status (Table 3).Neststhatreceivedacowbirdegghadlowerhatchingsuccess (EQ\O(x,ˉ)=85.0%,SE=0.03) compared tonon-parasitizednests(EQ\O(x,ˉ)=93.0%,SE=0.01).Neighbor density hadnoeffect on the likelihood of a femaleattempting a second brood (Table 3).Thelikelihoodofattemptingasecondbrood was significantly affected byordinal date, however, and decreasedasthebreedingseasonprogressed.Forfemalesthatsuccessfullyraisedafirstbrood and attempted a second broodonourplots,neighbordensityhadnoeffect on the total number of youngthattheyproducedeachyear(Table3;Fig.4).Productionofyoungdecreasedwith ordinal date (Table 3) but, onaverage,femalesthatatleastattempteda second brood produced 5 warblerfledglingsperyear(SE=0.19).Adult Baseline Stress Hormones

Wesuccessfullybled72adultwar-blersacrossallfourbreedingseasons.Additional birds were bled, but theirsamples had to be eliminated fromanalysis because we either did notcollectenoughbloodfromthemorwedidnotcollectitinunder3mins.The3min time limitwasvery important.Uponcaptureandhandling, theacutestressresponsekicksinandincreasedcorticosterone levels can be detectedinsongbirdbloodsamplesafter3mins(Wingfield et al. 1982). In order tomeasurebaselinelevels,weneededtofinishbleedingbirdswithin3minsofthemhittingthemist-net.

For our warblers, the mean base-line corticosterone levels was 12.84

lyinafreezeruntiltheycouldbelateranalyzedforcorticosteronelevels.

We determined plasma cor-ticosterone levels using EnzymeImmunoassay(EIA)kits(CatNo.901-097, Assay Designs). For our EIAs,we used the optimization protocolsuggested byWada et al (2007) withslight modifications to determine theplasma dilution and amount of ste-roid displacement buffer (SDB) thatworkedbest forProthonotaryWarblerplasmacorticosterone.Wefoundthataplasmadilutionof1:50with1%SDB(per raw plasma volume)was neededto optimize our assays. To determinecorticosteronelevelsineachindividualsample, 4 µL 1:100 dilution of SDBbuffer were added to 4 µl plasma.After5min,192µlassaybufferwereadded to each sample, then sampleswerevortexedandaddedtoindividualwells in the assay plate (100 µl/well)witheachsampleruninduplicate.Thestandard curve was also measured induplicate, with eight standards rang-ingfrom40,000to6.4pg/ml(100µl/well). A separate, external standardof 200 pg/ml was run in duplicateon every plate.We then followed theassayprocedureasoutlinedbythekit’sdirections.After adding stop solution,theplateswereimmediatelyreadonaMolecularDevicesFilterMaxF3multi-modemicroplatereaderat405nm.Themicroplatereaderwasoptimizedpriorto reading each plate. Samples werecompletely randomized within andacrossfourplates,witharoughlyequalrepresentation of males and femalesacrossbothsitesoneachplate.

RESULTSMale Behavioral Observations

In2010,weobserved41malesdur-ing 55 different observation bouts fora total of 3:43:50 hrs of observation.Twenty-three observations were con-ductedduringthepre-incubationstage;15 observations were conducted dur-ing incubation; 17 observations wereconducted during the nestling stage.Observation bouts ranged from 00:30to 11:53 min; the mean observationtime per male per nesting stage was04:09min.Maleswerehighly stereo-typedinthetypeofpreyattackmaneu-versthattheyusedwhileforaging.Weobserved 203 attempts at attackingprey; the majority of attempts weremadeusinggleans(75.4%)andprobes(17.2%)(Fig.1).Sallyhoversandsallystrikes combined (7.4%) were rarelyobserved; therefore, we combined allattackmaneuversintoone“preyattackrate” category for analysis. Hoppingand walking rates were highly posi-tively correlated with each other andwerecombinedintoa“movementrate”category.Preeningwasrarelyobservedandwasdroppedfromfurtheranalysis.

Male song rates did not vary inrelation to neighbor density or acrossstages of the nesting cycle (Table 2).Movement rates appeared somewhatresponsive to conspecific density; weobserved a significant neighbor den-sityxstageinteractiononmalemove-mentrates(Fig.2).Malesmovedmoreduring the nestling stage comparedto the pre-incubation and incubationstageswhentheyhadmoreneighbors.Neither flight rates nor prey attack

Table 4.ResultsofgeneralizedlinearmixedmodelscomparingbaselineplasmacorticosteroneconcentrationsinadultProthonotaryWarblersinsouthernIllinois,2008-2011.

F P dfNeighbordensity 0.38 0.54 1,60Year 1.68 0.18 3,60Sex 0.52 0.47 1,60Brown-headedCowbirdsa 1.55 0.22 1,60Age 4.61 0.04 1,60Neighbordensityxyear 1.03 0.37 3,60aAs part of our larger study, 50% of parasitized nests in each of our subplots

in2011hadonecowbirdeggleftinitsothatwarbleradultshadtoraiseacowbirdnestling.Although thoseresultsarenot highlighted in thispaper, thevariablewasincludedinthisanalysisandispresentedhere.

6 Meadowlark

Figures And TablesFigure 1. Proportion (%) of prey

attackmaneuversbytypeandstagemadeby male Prothonotary Warblers duringsummer 2010. See Table 1 for defini-tions.

Figure2.MaleProthonotaryWarblerforaging movement rates in relation toneighbor density and nest stage dur-ing behavioral observations in 2010.Movement rates were calculated bycounting the number of times a malehopped and walked during an observa-tion period, then dividing that count bythetotallengthoftimehewasobservedduring that period. To control for othervariables that were important in themodel,leastsquaremeansestimatesandstandarderrorsareshown.

Figure 3. Hatching success ofProthonotary Warblers in southernIllinois in relation to conspecific neigh-bordensityandyear.Leastsquaremeansestimatesandstandarderrorsareshown.

Figure 4. Total number of nestlingsproduced per Prothonotary Warblerfemaleperyearinrelationtoconspecificneighbor density from 2008-2011.Onlyfemales who successfully raised a firstbroodandattemptedasecondbroodareincluded in this analysis. Least squaremeansestimatesandtheirstandarderrorsareshown.

Figure 5. Concentrations (ng/ml) ofplasma corticosterone in adult Prothon-otaryWarblers in relation toconspecificneighbordensity from2008-2011.Leastsquaremeansestimatesareshown.

Fig5

Fig1

Fig2

Fig3

Fig4

ng/ml (SE = 0.6). Baseline plasmacorticosteronelevelsinadultwarblersdid not vary significantly in relationto neighbor density (Table 4; Fig. 5).Interestingly, second-year birds didhave significantly higher corticoste-rone levels compared to after-secondyearbirds(Table4).

CONCLUSIONSDespiteourexperimentalapproach

inwhichwemore than doubled con-specific neighbor density for somepairs, we did not find strong overallevidence that increased density nega-tively impactedProthonotaryWarblerbehaviororreproductiveoutputinourstudysystem.Malesshowedincreased

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foraging movement rates during thepeak of food demands (i.e., nestlingstage) with increased neighbor den-sity,butdidnotconcomitantlyincreasetheir prey attack rates. Our resultssuggest thatmales had towork hard-er to find the same amount of food.However, we did not find any dif-ferences in fledging success or totalannual fledgling production in rela-tion to neighbor density. Thus, evenif competition for food among maleswasgreaterwithincreaseddensities,itdid not translate into anymeasurableeffectonoverallreproductivesuccess.(Although we do not report on it indetailhere,wealsofoundnoevidencethat nestling provisioning rates nornestlingbodyconditionpriortofledg-ingvariedinrelationtodensity,whichalso lends support toour conclusion.)Further,ourwarblersdidnotshowanydifferences in baseline plasma corti-costerone levels in relation todensity.Given thatwedidnot detect anydif-ferences in reproductive output, thelack of differences in baseline stresslevels is not surprising. Other studieshave provided evidence for season-al modulation of the stress response,indicating that migratory birds mayexpress an “emergency life historystage” during which they respond tochanging demands and environmentsin an adaptive manner to avoid thenegative effects of stress (Wingfieldet al. 1992, McEwen and Wingfield2003). Additionally, there is growingevidence that individuals show con-sistent behavioral and physiologicalresponses to dealing with stressors,and that thesebehaviors vary along apersonality continuum ranging fromshy to bold (Carere and Oers 2004,Belletal.2010).Boldindividualstendtobemoreaggressiveandexploratoryandcapableofmodulatingtheirstressresponse; shy individuals tend to bethe opposite. Although we attemptedto control for potential differences inhabitatthatcanleadtodensity-depen-dentreproduction,wecouldnotcontrolwhere our birds ultimately chose tosettlewithinour sites.Therefore, it ispossiblethatboldandshybirdssortedthemselves into areas of conspecificdensity that theywerephysiologicallycapable of handling, thus using theirown behaviors to mediate the effectsofstressonreproductionSeveralother

explanationsforlackofdensityeffectsare possible as well. Density depen-dence via food competition may notbe as important in this population ofProthonotaryWarblersasitisforothersongbird species. Bottomland hard-woodforestsprovidesomeofthemostproductive habitat in North Americaandsupporta tremendousdiversityofflora and fauna (Kellison and Young1997,Kozlowski2002),andcompeti-tion for foodmay does not appear tobealimitingfactorinsouthernIllinoisswamps.Werarelyobservedstarvationin our nests due simply to a lack offood during the 2008-2011 breedingseasons.Alternatively,maledefenseoftheirterritoriesmayhavepreventedtheterritoriesfrombecomingsosmallthatfood-limited reproduction could haveoccurred. Although we were unabletomeasure territory size directly our-selves,othershavedocumentedchang-esinterritorysizeandsubsequentfor-aging behaviors in relation to density(e.g.,Sillettetal.2004).Thewarblersmay also have been trading currentreproduction for future reproduction,thus overcoming potential negativeeffects of density reproductive outputwithin a breeding season. As a spe-cies that facesunpredictablerisksdueto migration, Prothonotary Warblersmay not sacrifice current reproduc-tive output in response to density butratherself-maintenance(includingsur-vival). Our future work will test thishypothesisbycomparingsurvivalratesamong adults with different neighbordensities. Finally, previous work inour study systemhas shown that nestpredation on warbler nests is moreclosely tied to water depth, regard-lessofbreedingbirddensities(Hoover2006), and is likely the major factorlimiting warbler reproductive output.Extensive work has also shown thatBrown-headed Cowbirds and blow-fly(Protocalliphoraspp.)ectoparasitesplay an important role in determin-ingProthonotaryWarblerreproductivesuccess in a given season (Hoover2003b; N. Davros and W. Schelsky,personalobservations).Webelieveourbreedingpopulationismorelikelylim-ited by these factors than traditionalfactorssuchasdensity-dependentfoodlimitation.

Most ecologists would agree thatmultiple mechanisms likely interact

to regulate populations (Krebs 2002,Rodenhouse et al. 2003), and theremay not be one clear-cut answer tounderstandinghowdensity influencesreproductiveoutput indifferentpopu-lations of songbirds. Future studiesshouldcontinuetointegratelong-termexperimentalmanipulationsalongwithtests of multiple potential density-dependent mechanisms in an attempttobetterunderstandtheroleofeachinregulatingavianpopulationsindiffer-entregionsandhabitats.

FUNDINGWe are grateful for the support

of the Illinois Ornithological Societyand its members in helping to makethis project possible. Additionalfunding support was provided byChampaign CountyAudubon Society(Charles Kendeigh Grant), AmericanOrnithologists’Union(AOUResearchAward), Sigma Xi (Grant-in-Aid ofResearch), North American BluebirdSociety, American Museum ofNatural History (Frank M. ChapmanAward),IllinoisDepartmentofNaturalResources,TheNatureConservancyinIllinois,andtheU.S.FishandWildlifeService. The Program in Ecology,Evolution, and Conservation Biology(PEEC), the School of IntegrativeBiology, and the Department ofNaturalResourcesandEnvironmentalSciences (NRES)at theUniversityofIllinoisalsoprovidedfunding.

ACKNOWLEDGMENTSJonathan Stein and Liz Pritchard

provided assistance indata collection.Amber Albores and Matt McKim-Louder provided additional assistanceand feedback on field methods. TaraBeveroth provided assistance withArcGIS, and T.J. Benson, EmmaBerdan, and Carla Caceres providedfeedbackondataanalyses.MikeBrown,Liz Jones,andmembersof theCacheRiver Joint Venture Partnership (U.S.Fish and Wildlife Service – CypressCreek National Wildlife Refuge,The Nature Conservancy, IllinoisDepartmentofNaturalResources,U.S.Department of Agriculture – NaturalResources Conservation Service, andDucks Unlimited) provided logisticalsupportforthisproject.

8 Meadowlark

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Belden, L.K., M.J. Rubbo, J.C.Wingfield, and J.M. Kiesecker. 2007.Searching for the physiological mecha-nism of density dependence: does corti-costerone regulate tadpole responses todensity? Physiological and BiochemicalZoology80:444-451.

Bell,A.M., L. Henderson, and F.A.Huntingford.2010.Behavioraland respi-ratory responses to stressors in multiplepopulations of three-spined sticklebacksthatdifferinpredationpressure.JournalofComparativePhysiologyB180:211-220.

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Dhondt, A.A., B. Kempenaers, andF. Adriaensen. 1992. Density-dependentclutch sizecausedbyhabitatheterogene-ity. Journal of Animal Ecology 61:643-648.

Dobbs, R.C., T.S. Sillett, N.L.Rodenhouse, and R.T. Holmes. 2007.Populationdensityaffectsforagingbehav-iorofmaleBlack-throatedBlueWarblersduring the breeding season. Journal ofFieldOrnithology78:133-139.

Holmes, R.T., and S.K. Robinson.1988. Spatial patterns, foraging tac-tics, and diets of ground-foraging birdsin a northern hardwoods forest. WilsonBulletin100:377-394.

Hoover, J.P. 2003a. Decisions rulesfor site fidelity in a migratory bird, theProthonotary Warbler. Ecology 84:416-430.

Hoover, J.P. 2003b. Multiple effectsof brood parasitism reduce the reproduc-tive success of Prothonotary Warblers,Protonotaria citrea. Animal Behavior65:923-934.

Hoover, J.P. 2006.Water depth influ-encesnestpredationforawetland-depen-dentbirdinfragmentedbottomlandforests.BiologicalConservation127:37-45.

Kellison,R.C.,andM.J.Young.1997.The bottomland hardwood forest of thesouthern United States. Forest EcologyandManagement90:101-115.

Kowalski, M.P. 1986. Weights andmeasurements of Prothonotary Warblersfrom southern Indiana,with amethodofagingmales.NorthAmericanBirdBander11:129-131.

Kozlowski, T.T. 2002. Physiological-ecologicalimpactsoffloodingonriparianforestEcosystems.Wetlands22:550-561.

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Lack,D.1954.Thenaturalregulationof animal numbers. Oxford UniversityPress,London,UK.

Mankowski,A.1997.Summary.Pages1-14inA.Mankowski,editor.CacheRiverarea assessment. Volume 1, Part II: liv-ingresources.CriticalTrendsAssessmentProgram (CTAP), Illinois Department ofNatural Resources, Springfield, Illinois,USA.

May, R.M. 1999. Unansweredquestions in ecology. PhilosophicalTransactions of the Royal Society ofLondonB354:1951-1959.

McEwen, B.S., and J.C. Wingfield.2003.Theconceptofallostasisinbiologyandbiomedicine.HormonesandBehavior43:2-15.

Murdoch,W.W.1994.Populationreg-ulation in theory and practice. Ecology75:271-287.

Nephew, B.C., and L.M. Romero.2003. Behavioral, physiological, andendocrine responses of starlings to acuteincreases in density. Hormones andBehavior44:222-232.

Newton,I.1998.Populationlimitationinbirds.AcademicPress,London,UK.

Ortego, J. and F. Espada. 2007.Ecologicalfactorsinfluencingdiseaseriskin eagle owls, Bubo bubo. Ibis 149:386-395.

Petit,L.J.1999.ProthonotaryWarbler(Protonotaria citrea), The Birds of NorthAmericaOnline

Poole, Ed.). Ithaca: Cornell lab ofOrnithology;RetrievedfromtheBirdsofNorth America Online: http://bna.birds.cornell.edu/bna/species/408

Podlesak, D.W., and C.R. Blem.2002. Determination of age of nestlingProthonotary Warblers. Journal of FieldOrnithology73:33-37.

Pyle, P., S.N.G.Howell,R.P.Yunick,and D.F. DeSante. 1987. IdentificationguidetoNorthAmericanpasserines.SlateCreekPress,Bolinas,California,USA

Rodenhouse, N.L., T.S. Sillett, P.J.Doran, andR.T.Holmes. 2003.Multipledensity-dependence mechanisms regulatea migratory bird population during thebreedingseason.ProceedingsoftheRoyalSocietyofLondonB270:2105-2110.

Schelsky,W.M.2010.Doeswhatyourneighbors do matter? An experimentalexamination of sex differences in theuse of public and private information inbreeding dispersal decisions in a migra-tory songbird.Dissertation.University ofFlorida,Gainesville,Florida,USA.

Sillett, T.S., N.L. Rodenhouse, andR.T.Holmes.2004.Experimentallyreduc-ingneighbor density affects reproductionand behavior of a migratory songbird.Ecology85:2467-2477.

Torok, J., andL.Toth. 1988.Densitydependence in reproduction of theCollaredFlycatcher(Ficedulaalbicollis)athighpopulationlevels.JournalofAnimalEcology57:251-258.

Wada,H.,T.P.Hahn,andC.W.Breuner.2007.Developmentofstressreactivity inWhite-crowned Sparrow nestlings: totalcorticosterone response increases withage, while free corticosterone responseremains low. General and ComparativeEndocrinology150:405-413.

Wingfield, J.C., J.P Smith, and D.S.Farner. 1982. Endocrine responses ofWhite-crownedSparrows toenvironmen-talstress.Condor84:399-409.

Wingfield, J.C., C.M. Vleck, andM.C.Moore. 1992. Seasonal changes ofthe adrenocortical response to stress inbirds of the Sonoran desert. Journal ofExperimentalZoology264:419-428.

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Corresponding Author:NicoleDavros–

Nicole.Davros@state.mn.us

Volume 22, Number 1 9

Field Notes:The 2012 Breeding Season

Field notes drawing of Gray Partridge drawing by Peter Olson.

by Steven D. Bailey

Summer 2012 weather: Drought and its effects on birds

This summer’s severe drought conditions over much ofthestatelikelyplayedakeyroleinthetimingandmovementof breeding birds into Illinois, as well as in their eventualnesting success. To understand how bad it was, we need togobackbefore the summerbreeding season evenbegan andIcandonobetter thantoquotefromtheIllinoisStateWaterSurvey summary for the period. “Illinois meteorologicalconditions in the fall of 2011 were trending toward dry inthe southernmost counties, while central Illinois countieswereexperiencingbelownormalprecipitation.Thewinterof2011to2012producedlittlesnowfallacrossIllinois,andwaswarmerthanmostwintersinIllinois.Springprecipitationwaswell below normal.When considering Illinois, the NationalDrought Monitor shows a progression of the drought fromsouth to north, with the drought conditions in southernIllinois having begun in the fall of 2011, progressivelyworsening across southern Illinois intoMarch of 2012 withcentral Illinois showing moderate drought, then extendingto eventually covering all Illinois counties by July 2012.GenerallydryconditionsprevailedfromJanuarytoAprilwithslowlygrowingdeficitsbytheendofApril.However,thecoremonths of the 2012droughtwereMay, June and July,whendeficits grew substantially. Even by the end of 2012, areasthroughoutthestatewere,onaverage,8inchesbelownormal,withsignificantportionsofsomeareasof thestatestill12to20inchesbelownormalprecipitation.”

TemperaturesthroughoutIllinoisweremuchabovenormalandprecipitationwasbelownormalforeverymonthbetweenMarch-July.For instance, thestatewideMarchprecipitationaverage of 2.11 inches represented a 1.10-inch deficit oronly66percentofaveragefor themonth.Thisplayedhavocwithmanyof theearlynestingpasserines in thestate.Marchdays in the 70s and even 80swere not uncommon, bringinga much earlier leaf-out and, more importantly for the birds,also a likely earlier insect emergence. Species such as TreeSwallows, bluebirds, robins and chickadees began nestingand even egg-laying on almost record-early dates. The heatand drought conditions hardened the ground, likely makingfindingandcatchingworms,oneof the robin’sprimarypreyitems,muchmoredifficult,whichwasthelikelycausalfactorintheunusuallylate-nestinginstancesnotedforthatspeciesinAugust,whentheylikelyusedalternativefood(includingfruit)to feed theiryoungand themselves. Thewarm,dryweatheronlycontinuedintoMay,wherethestatewideaverageof67.9°Fwas5 ° Fabovenormaland thestatewideaverageof2.48inchesofprecipitationrepresenteda1.78-inchdeficitoronly

58percentofaverageforthemonth.ThetemperaturesforbothJuneandJulywerealsomuch

above normal and precipitationwas once againmuch belownormal.ThewarmestreadingforJunewas109°FatKaskaskiaonthe29th.Thestatewideaverageof81.1°FforJulywas6.1° Fabovenormal,makingtemperatures acrossIllinoisforJulymuchabovenormalonceagain.Thewarmestreadingfor themonthwas109°FatHidalgoon7July,withtemperaturesof100°Formore,commonacrossIllinoisinJuly,makingitthesecondwarmestJulyonrecord.Everymonthfor2012betweenJanuary-Julywaswarmerthannormal,makingthestatewideaveragetemperatureforthatperiodthewarmestonrecord.

Precipitation for June was again much below normalstatewide,makingittheeighthdriestJuneonrecord.Rainfalltotalswereinthe1.5-to2.5-inchrangeinthenorthernhalfofthestate,while thesouthernhalfof thestatewasmuchdrierwith amounts ranging from 0.5 to 1.5 inches. Precipitation amountsforIllinoisinJulywerealsomuchbelownormalwiththestatewideaverageof1.46inchesrepresentinga2.37-inchdeficitor38percentofnormalforthemonth.PartsofcentralandnorthwesternIllinoisreportedlessthanone-halfaninchofprecipitationfortheentiremonthofJuly.Meanwhile,rainfalltotalswere in the2- to4-inchrangeinbothfarsouthernandnortheastern Illinois. It was the fourth driest July on record.Consequently,thestatewideaverageprecipitationforJanuary–July was 14.05 inches, making it the third driest on record.However,evenduringadrought,afewplacesreportedabovenormalprecipitation.OneofthelargestmonthlytotalswasatKankakeewith6.56inchesofprecipitation.

Drought and its effects on this summer’s birds

Withshrinkingwaterlevelsinvirtuallyallnaturalwetlands,especiallyinwetland-richnortheasternIllinois,thereseemedtobeapaucityofrecordsformostrailandotherwetlandbreedingspecies, even to include such species as Sedge and MarshWrens.Forinstance,apairofMarshWrensappeared(butlateintheseason)ataheavilybirdedeast-centralIllinoiswetlandandnested,thefirstsuchbreedingrecordforthatspeciesinthecounty.Meanwhile,InotedmanyfewerMarshWrensinmostofthewetlandsIcensusedandvisitedinnortheasternIllinoisandotherareasofthestate.AndbyearlyJuly,theusualarrivaltimeforthebulkofIllinois’sbreedingSedgeWrenpopulation,the grasslands and shallow wetlands that they favor to nestin weremostly bone dry. Undoubtedly because of this, theabundanceofinsectsthatareusuallytobefoundinsuchmoistlocations, were likely not present in many of the areas thatSedgeWrensfavorforbreeding.Althoughthedroughtseemed

10 Meadowlark

tocausemanybreedingVirginiaandSorarailstodesertmanyof their Chicagoland breeding marshes due to the severedrought, a Black Rail was located once again this summer.Dried-upmarshes apparently sent a wanderingVirginia Railto a suburbanChicago area driveway inmid-June, a bizarrelocation for a summertime rail in Illinois, but likely a birdmaking an early and rather desparate dispersalmovement insearchofawater-filledmarsh.

A couple of other species showed unusually large, late,seasonalmovementsofbirdsintotheGreaterChicagolandarea,likely from especially drought-stricken, downstate locations.Large numbers ofDickcisselsmoved into this areawell pasttheirmostly,early-Maymigratoryperiod,withJunebirdsnotedatsomeoftheChicagolakefrontparks…definitelymigratingorwanderingbirdsinsearchofbetternestinghabitat.Manyofthemaximumcountsnotedbybirders in severalChicagolandareaswerethemostthattheycouldrememberseeing.

Carolina Wrens, another scarce Chicagoland breedingspecies,startedshowinguptherefromaboutmid-JuneintoJuly,including at a few lakefront locations, definitely representingmigrating/wandering birds. Southern Illinois, where thesewrens are most common, was particularly hard-hit with thedrought,which undoubtedly had a drastic, negative effect ontheir prey species, to the point that nothing short of movingtoabetterareawastheonlypossibilityofhavingasuccessfulbreeding season. CarolinaWrens are known to not occur inareaswithlessthan20inchesofrainperyear.BytheendofJunethissummer,thestatewideaverageamountofrainfallwaslessthan13inches,andsouthernIllinoismadeupsomeoftheloweramountsofthataverage.AsanaverageIllinoisrainfalltotalforayearisaround48inches,youcanseethatsouthernIllinoiswas nearing or likely close to heading for thatmagicnumber of 20 inches (or less), as large sections of southernIllinoisweremore than20 inchesbelownormalprecipitationby the end of June.Drought conditions involving lower thannormalprecipitationalongwithabovenormaltemperaturesareknown tobedetrimental to the synchronous timingof insect-plantrelationships,usuallywithanegativeresultfortheinsects,a large part of both a Dickcissels, and especially a CarolinaWrenssummerdietneededforfeedingnewbornyoung.

Do you watch birds in the summer?Many birders do not watch birds asmuch in summer as

theydointhemigratoryperiodswhenbirdlifebecomesmuchmorediverse.Thisiswell-demonstratedbynotingthenumberof posts that are made to the statewide birding listserves,whichinsummerdrops to less thanhalf thenumberofpoststhat hadbeenmadeduring themigratoryperiods. Andafterreading comments like “no matter where I’ve been goinglocally I’m just seeing the same birds over and over again,”I findmyselfwondering if some birders aremore interestedinthenumbersgameoflisting.Manybirdersjustdon’tseemto appreciate the many fascinating things one can observeand learnaboutbirdswhile they involve themselveswith theamazing process of building a nest, laying eggs, and raisingtheir young. Personally, I get just as much satisfaction bywatchingaYellow-breastedChatflyingwithatrailingpieceofgrassforitsnest(2-3timesthelengthofthebird)oraBlue-grayGnatcatcheraddinglichenstotheoutsideofitsnest,asIwouldbymaxingoutthenumberofspeciesIseethatdaybyrushingaroundfromplacetoplacetoaddafewmorespeciestomydaylist total. AndI learnalotmoreaboutthebirdsI

amwatchingandhearingtoboot!Inthisreportyouwillfindout that awild femaleMallardnotonlywillnest in thecity,but actually searches out the U of I swimming pool (wheresheorotherMallardshavebroughttheiryoungbefore)togiveheryoungtheirfirstswimminglesson.MoreamazingwasthefemaleHoodedMerganser found incubatingonher nest in aWoodDucknestingbox,thatshehadobviouslystartedlayingeggs in, in lateFebruary. If youneedmoreexcitement,youmight think of spending a little more than a minute or twowatchingabirdinthebreedingseason,andlikeme,youmightseeIllinois’sonlyknownnestingfemaleSwainson’sHawkflyout to have dinner air-dropped to her by hermate, and thenproceed back to the nest to feed the young. Or if youwerelike Dan and BarbaraWilliams, they watched a Black TernlongenoughtoseeitsettleonararelydetectednestatGlacialPark,oneofonlythreeorsoplacesleftinIllinoiswhereonecanobservesuchasight.DidyouknowthatBlackTernsbuildtheirnests,incubatetheireggsandfeedtheirgrowingyoungonnestsfloatingonvegetationinawetland?WesSerafinwatchedas aBlue-grayGnatcatcher disassembled an already finishednestandmovedittoanotherlocation.Andwhatcouldbemoreexcitingthanfindingaspeciesatitsnestinapartofthestatewheretheyjustrecentlystartedspendingthesummer,liketheBlueGrosbeakthatwasfoundattendinganestwithyoung,byDaveGruverthissummerintheLakeCalumetarea.

The everchanging face of Illinois summer birdlife

One of the noticeable (and predicted) consequences ofglobalclimatechangeinthepastdecadeor twoinIllinoishasbeen theevoluntionarily rapidadvanceofbird species ranges,mostlyspreadingnorthward. Againthissummer,speciesoncenever found in Illinois like the Black-bellied Whistling andMottled Ducks were recorded, the fifth summer in a row forthe whistling-duck. Like Black-necked Stilts (another recentbreeding-colonizer of Illinois), it is only a matter of timebefore a pair of whistling-ducks is found nesting and theybecome a regular part of the Illinois breeding avifauna. Thestiltswereonlyarare,occasionalvagrantuntilbirdsdisplayingbreeding characteristics showed up in 1992, with nests foundthefollowingyear.WiththeGreatFloodof1993upanddowntheMississippiRiver floodplain, largenumbers of these birdswere almost certainly floodedoutof theirbreedingareas, anditislikelynocoincidencethatbreeding(oratleastsummering)Black-necked Stilts have been found in Illinois ever since.ThoughforthefirstseveralyearsbreedingstiltswereonlyfoundinfarsouthernIllinois,thespecieshasquicklymovednorthwardasabreedingspecies in thestate, to thepointwherebreedingpairscannowbefoundpracticallyanywhereinthestate.

Similarly(thoughitisdoubtfulthattheywillnestanytimesooninIllinois),thisyearmarkedthefourthsummersince2004(andsecondoutofthelastthree)thataGreaterWhite-frontedGoosehasbeenlocatedinthestateinsummer,parallelingtheir(andothertundra-nestinggeese)dramaticincreaseinwinteringnumbersandrangeinIllinoisofthelasttenyears.Previously,therehadneverbeenareliableJune/JulyrecordforthisspeciesinIllinoisanduntilthefallof1989,norecordsbeforeearlytomid-October.SincethentherehavebeennineyearswhenfallbirdsarrivedinAugustorSeptember,leadinguptotherecentJune/July records. There have been regular summer recordssince1996ofsmallnumbersofSnowGooseinIllinois,mostlyin areaswhere very large numbers congregate duringwinter

Volume 22, Number 1 11

and atmigratory staging areas, several of which are injuredbirdsfromhunting.NeotropicCormorantshavebeendetectedinJuneorJulyinIllinoisforthelastsixyearsinarow(threein a row at Lake Calumet including an adult and immaturelastsummer)leadingmetobelievethatthisspeciesmayhavealreadybredinorveryclosetoIllinois.Actually,apairnestedthisyearonaMississippiRiverislandinIowa,lessthan200yardsfromtheIllinoisborder,andsubstantiallynorthoftheirformer, northernmost breeding range in Texas. A proactivesearch for this species in known Illinois Double-crestedCormorantbreedingcolonieswouldlikelyturnupabreedingpairinIllinoisintheverynearfuture.Atleastoneormorepairsofaonceunlikelynestingspecies,AnhingacontinuetobreedintheironeknownIllinoisnestingarea.

Expanding ranges of new, common and rare breeding birds

SomespeciessummerrangesinIllinoisareorappeartobespreadingsouthward,orintoIllinoisfromthenorth,likeRose-breastedGrosbeakandVesperSparrow,thoughthissouthwardadvance seems to be occurring much more slowly than themany northward advancing species. However one speciesthatappearstohaveIllinoisinitscrosshairsforexpandingitsbreedingrangesouthwardistheboreal-nestingMerlin.Bohlen(1989) listedonlyoneAugust(30th)arrivaldateforanearlyfallmigrant,with theusualaverage fall arrivaldategivenasSeptember29thincentralIllinois.However,sincethen,therehavebeenatleast25AugustfallmigrantMerlins,includingineightoftheprevious10years,aswellasmanyearlySeptembermigrants.Thisyear,twoMerlinswerewell-documentedwithphotos, both in July, and one as far south as central Illinois.AsIwrite this,afemaleandtwojuvenileMerlinshavebeendiscovered at Pokogan State Park in Indiana near its borderwith Michigan, likely representing that state’s first nestingrecord.Merlinsshowedthelargestincreaseinpopulationinarecentstudygroupofboreal-nestingbirdspecies(Nivenetal.2004),andthespecieshasmadeafairlyrapidmovementintourbanandsuburbancitybreedinglocalesovera largepartoftheirrangerelativelyrecently(Warkentinetal.2005),includingagriculturalandurbanareasofnearbyWisconsin(Cutrightetal.2006). InOntario,Canada,onlyoneurbannestingMerlinwasfoundduringtheirfirstbreedingbirdatlasprojectin1986,butbythetimetheirnextatlasprojectwascompletedin2006,theMerlinhadbecome themost commonbreeding raptor insomeOntario cities, includingOttawa (Cadman et al. 2007).IllinoisbirdersshouldbeonthelookoutfornestingMerlinsintheyearstocome.Theydon’tbuildtheirownnestsbutoftenchooseold AmericanCrow(andsoalso likelyoldCooper’sHawknests),oftennearwater,especiallywetlands.

Avarietyofspeciesareorseemtobereclaimingareasofthe state where they were likely or historically found, suchas Bald Eagles and Ospreys. New eagle nests continue tobe found yearly and since the firstmodernOsprey nestwasfound in Illinois back in 1996 in the Palos area ofChicago,notonlyaretherenowseveralChicagolandareaOspreynests,buttheyarealsonestinginotherwidespreadareasofthestate.I have heard of other plans for erectingmanymore Ospreynesting structures in the next few years. SandhillCranes arespreading south out of the Chicagoland area to the IllinoisRiverValley and another nesting pair in east-central Illinoiswas found this summer.Given the numbers of breeding andsummering Hooded Merganser observations that I was able

to trackdown, they seem tobebecomingmore than just theuncommon tooccasionalnestingspecies that theyoncewerejust 20years or so ago. I know that I see themmuchmorefrequentlyduring thebreeding seasonnow, thanwhat I usedto.TherealsoseemtobemorebreedingSpottedSandpipersinmoreareasthanpreviously,thoughI’mnotsureifthisisduetomorebirders findingand reporting such sightings inmoretypesofpublicmediaorwhethertheyaretrulyincreasingasabreedingspecies.

Clay-coloredSparrowswereformerlyonlyfoundbreedingin one or two Winnebago County locations before thatpopulation temporarily disappeared for a few years in 1998.However, a summering/breeding population began in CookandDuPageCounties in 2003with an even larger andmorewidespread number of birds moving into the Chicagolandareain2004(aswellasnewnestingrecordsineasternIowa).Since then, the species has remained and increased in theChicagoland area each summer since. Likewise, the onlyknown nesting Illinois Brewer’s Blackbird population inIllinoisformanyyearswasinthesandprairieareasatIllinoisBeachStatePark,butinthelastfivetotenyears,ithasbecomeclear that they have been nesting at a number of GreaterChicagoland area sod farms scattered aroundKane,DeKalb,McHenryandLakeCounties.Interestingly,smallnumbersofbreedingWesternMeadowlarks,rareintheChicagolandarea,alsofindthehabitatattractiveatthesamesodfarms.

SeveralspecieswhosebreedingnumbershavehistoricallyalwaysbeenmuchgreaterinsouthernIllinois,onlycontinuetobecomemorewidespreadandnumerousfarthernorthinbothcentralandnorthernIllinoisincludingBlue-grayGnatcatchers,BlueGrosbeaks,SummerTanagersandOrchardOrioles.Forsome of these species, many of the state’s highest reportedmaximum counts actually came from northern Illinois thissummer,anareawhere just15-20yearsagoyouwouldhavebeen hard-pressed to find a single/few individual(s) of thesespecies. Moreandnewnesting locationsalsocontinue tobediscoveredforCliffSwallowsaswell,astheycontinuetofillin most gaps of their historic Illinois breeding range. Theyare still only scarce nesters in East Central Illinois.Anotherbirdwhichissurprisinglyturningupinmoreandmoreareas,while it continues to seemarkeddeclines in itswesternU.S.strongholds, is the Bell’s Vireo, though how long such abreedingpopulation can continueunder heavy andpersistentBrown-headedCowbirdparasitismisdubious.

Vagrants and rare summering/breeding species

Asusual, therewererelativelyfewsummertimevagrants,but the rarities did include a photographed, male PaintedBuntingandawelldocumentedLarkBunting thatstayedformanydays andwas seenby dozens of observers. ThemaleLarkBuntinghungoutinonerelativelysmallareaofalargeprairie giving frequent courtship, flight-songs and displaysthroughoutitslongstay,inanapparentefforttoattractanon-existentmate.

There were several fairly unusual early/late/lost migrantspecies including an early June Purple Finch, a singingSwainson’sThrushandaWhite-crownedSparrowinmid-June,and an even more bizarre, tundra-nestingAmerican Pipit inJuly.Alargerthannormaldetectionofsummeringloonswerealsofoundthissummer.

Onamorenegativenote, theonlyknownnestingpairof

12 Meadowlark

Swainson’s Hawks are still the same, continuing pair nearBurlington.However,thereseemstobeanincreasingnumberof summer detections of Broad-winged Hawks, usually anuncommon to rare breeder in Illinois. Ring-necked Pheasantnumbers remain atwhat for themmust be their low ebb, astheycontinuetolosemanysmallareasofnestinggrasslandandother agricultural grasslands that are harvested for hay evenmoreoften. TherearealsofewerNorthernBobwhitesleft tobreedintheirsoutheasternandwesternIllinoisstrongholds.

There were a small numbers of summer/nesting PineSiskins staying on after the very large winter influx of thisspecieswithother“winterfinches”fromthepreviouswinter.

A better understanding of migratory movements – in summer?Besides the unusualmovements of drought-striken species

abandoning their normal breeding locations in the state thissummer, the restoration of several large marsh habitats likethe Emiquon Preserve andHennepin-Hopper Lake as well asincreased reporting of bird sightings through today’s modernmedia advances and computer data bases is providing uswith an ever-increasing body of information for a number ofspecies which we have had little of in years past. AlthoughI always noticed the hundreds and sometimes thousands ofmigratingswallowsliningtheutility linesatLakeChautauquaonanAugustdaytherewhilelookingformigrantshorebirds,Ineverthoughtofthemmuchasbeingwellintotheirmigratorymovements even by late-July or earlier.Amaximumcount ofBarnSwallowsduring thebreeding seasonof50-75birds canbe quite a tally for local birds still tendingnests, but pales incomparisontothe2,000notedlastyearinMonroeCountyon21JulybyDanKassebaum.Oftenreferredtoasmigratorystagingcongregations, such a large number did not likely represent agathering of local breeding birds, but were more likely frommuch more distant locales from much farther north. Mostmaximum counts for migratory flocks of swallows are oftenseen in July andAugust and far outnumber numbers of thesespeciesthatonecouldcomeupwithforlocalbreedingbirds.

Similarly,onecannowdiscernthatmostoftheternspeciesfound in Illinois have migratory movements in late May,throughout June, and throughout July as well, with CaspianTerns routinely feeding begging fledglings/juveniles overIllinoislakeshundredsofmilesfromtheirnestsites.Thishasbeenawell-knownphenomenainvolvingCaspianTerns,butatsuchoft-birdedareasnowastheEmiquonPreserveinCentralIllinois (where no terns have or currently nest), Forster’s,Common, Black and even the occasional, rareArctic Ternsare now being reported, either as wandering summer birds,unsuccessful breeders from much farther north, or possiblyas over-summering birds that decided not to continue northtonest.However,theregularitywithwhichnumbersofbothBlackandForster’sTernsarebeingnotedbymidtolateJuly(and even late June) insinuates that some are regularly insouthbound,“fall”migrationatthattime.

This summer, most early-arriving, southbound shorebirdmigrantsweredetected betweenone to twoweeksaheadoftheir usual arrival times of approximately 4-15 July. Manyof these species arrived this summer between 20 June – 1July. Youwill findmost of these data in the upcoming fallmigrationreport inthenextissueoftheMeadowlark, thoughtherewereseveralarcticshorebirdspeciesthatIplacedinthisreport because their datesof occurrence fellwithin anarrow

time frame inmid-Junewhen their presencewas difficult todiscern between an exceptionally late spring migrant or anespeciallyearlyfallmigrant.I’mnotsureifthereweredroughtconditions in theArctic as there was in Illinois which mayhaveinducedtundra-nestingshorebirdsintoearlysouthboundmigrationthissummer…butwhosaysthatsummerbirdinginIllinoisisboring?!

Literature CitedBohlen,H.D.1989.TheBirdsofIllinois.IndianaUniversity

Press,Bloomington,IN.221pp.Cadman, M.D., D.A. Sutherland, G.G. Beck, D. LePage,

andA.R.Couturier[eds.].2007.AtlasoftheBreedingBirdsofOntario,20012005.BirdStudiesCanada,EnvironmentCanada,Ontario Field Ornithologists, Ontario Ministry of NaturalResources,andOntarioNature.Toronto.706pp.

Cutright,N.J.,B.R.Harriman,andR.W.Howe[eds.],2006.AtlasofthebreedingbirdsofWisconsin.WisconsinSocietyforOrnithology,Madison,WI.602pp.

eBirdBasicDataset.Version:EBD_relAug-2012.CornellLabofOrnithology,Ithaca,NewYork.August2012.

Niven,D.K.,J.R.Sauer,G.S.ButcherandW.A.Link.2004.ChristmasBirdCountprovidesinsightsintopopulationchangein land birds that breed in the boreal forest.American Birds58:10-20.

Warkentin,I.G.,N.S.Sodhi,R.H.M.Espie,AlanF.Poole,L.W.OliphantandP.C.James.2005.Merlin(Falcocolumbarius),The Birds of North America Online (A. Poole, Ed.). Ithaca:CornellLabofOrnithology;RetrievedfromtheBirdsofNorthAmerica Online: http://bna.birds.cornell.edu.proxy2.library.illinois.edu/bna/species/044doi:10.2173/bna.44.

Climatesummariesfortheperiodleadinguptoandduringthesummer2012breedingseasonwereprovidedbytheIllinoisStateClimatologist’sOffice,apartoftheIllinoisStateWaterSurvey(ISWS)locatedinChampaignandPeoria,Illinois,andaccessedviathewebathttp://www.isws.illinois.edu/warm/climate.asp.

2012 Breeding Season Observers/Reporters

AmarA.Ayyash,AlanB.Anderson,AndrewS.Aldrich,BillAtwood,BobAndrei(BAi),CindyAmacher,CharleneK.Anchor,David K.Antieau, JeffArmstrong, JeffAufmann (JAn), Jill S.Anderson,KathyAmberg,LukeAnderson,LesAllen(LAn),MarkAgnor, SteveAmbrose,AlexB.Bloss,AaronT.Boone,BillA.Bertrand, Bill Baar (BBr), Chuck Berthoud, DrewBecker, DonBlecha(DBa),FrankK.Bennett,H.DavidBohlen,JohnBaxter,Joan C. Bruchman, Jackie Bowman (JBn), John Bates (JBs),JeffBilsky (JBy),LindaBelssner,LarryA.Bertinetti,LawrenceG. Balch, Michael Beeftink, Mark Bowman (MBn), Maury H.Brucker, Michael J. Baum, Nancy Buis, Nick Barber (NBr),PeterY. Bullock, Ron Blazek, Richard Biss (RBs), Richard G.Bjorklund,ScottBrewer,SamuelB.Burckhardt,StevenD.Bailey,Sigurd N. Bjorklund, Tim Balassie, Than Boves (TBs),Wayne& Cathy Belcher (W&CB),Angelo P. Capparella, Bob Carper,CarolCooley,ChristopherL.Cudworth,Doug&MaggieCrane(D&MC), Elizabeth J. Chato, Evan Carlson, Hal Cohen, JohnCebula, Jack Coulter (JCr), Lynne P. Carpenter, Mitch Coulter,MatthewM.Cvetas,PaulR.Clyne,RenaCohen,ScottA.Cohrs,AndrewDurso,AlfredG.Dierkes,BonnieDuman,BradDawson(BDn),ColinDobson,Carl&PenDauBach(C&PD),DonnieR.Dann,FillmoreDryden,GloriaDobry,JayDelmedico,JonJ.Duerr,KarenDisch,MichelleDevlin,PatriciaA.Durkin,RichDeCoster,

Volume 22, Number 1 13

RonDickenson(RDn);SuzyDeese,StephenJ.Dinsmore,SherylL.Devore,TysonDallas,TimJ.Dever,DavidEly,JoshI.Engel,LauraEastlick,RobertErickson,ElliotFu,JoFessett,JasonFidora(JFa),JasonFrey(JFy),KurtFrieders,MattE.Fraker,RonFarson,SeanFitzgerald,SteveFluett(SFt),Skip&BarbiFotland(S&BF),SherreeD.Farmer,AaronGyllenhaal,BenjaminGuo,ChristopherGutmann, DavidGruver, EthanGyllenhaal, Eric D. Gyllenhaal,EvanGlynn(EGn),GlennGabanski,GaryGlowacki(GGi),JerryGoldner,KimberlyS.Grein,LarryGarascia,NathanR.Goldberg,PeterGrant,RobGough,SteveGent, SulliGibson (SGn), ScottGutzwiller (SGr), Ann B. Haverstock, Cary Hillegonds, Caryn& Gene Hollander (C&GH), Christian Hagenlocher (CHr), C.Leroy Harrison, Dustin Holschuh, Don Hartzler (DHr), FranHarty, FrankR.Holmes,GlenHawley,GeraldHoekstra (GHa),GregHimebaugh (GHh),GaryHantsbarger (GHr), JakeHennig,John Heneghan (JHn), Jim Hoyt (JHt), Jed B. Hertz, KanaeHirabayashi,LarryL.Hood,MichaelHogg,MaryHeine(MHe),RobertD.Hughes,StephenHager,SteveJ.Huggins,TedHartzler,WendyHarper,Christopher Johnson, John Janunas, Janet Jokela(JJa),Mark & Ginger Jusko (M&GJ), Rhetta L. Jack,YeanetteJohnson,AnneKotowski,BillKass,BillKoch(BKh),ChrisKunz,DaleKittleson,DanM.Kassebaum,LarryKrutulis,NickKiehl,RobKanter,SandraKroll,ScottKuiper(SKr),TomKoz,ThomasKovacs (TKs), Tom Kelly (TKy), Tim L. Kuesel, Vernon M.Kleen,AndrewLevinsky,BudLewsader,BrianLockwood(BLd);BrendonLake(BLe),CyndiLubecke,DonLowe,DemetriLafkas(DLs), Don Lopat (DLt), Eric Lundquist, Gregory S. Lambeth,JohnLonghenry,JoshuaLittle(JLe),JosephW.Lill,KarenLand,KarenM.Lund,PeterLowther,RichLaramore,TomLittle,TomLerczak (TLk), Vernon LaVia, Walter Lutz, Alan Magerkurth,Annette McClellan (AMn), Benjamin Murphy, Brock Moran(BMn), Brenda Miller (BMr), Chris Mussachio, Chris Madsen(CMn),CarolynA.Marsh,DaveMiller,DonMiller(DMr),DonD.Mullison,D.JamesMountjoy,FranR.Morel,JohnMabery,JimMalone(JMe),JudyMiller(JMr),KeithA.McMullen,LeoMiller,LuisG.Munoz,MarionMiller,MattMcDonald(MMd),MargaretMechtenberg (MMg),MattMcKim-Louder (MML),MattMalin(MMn),MichaelA.Madsen,NickMinor, PaulMayer, PeterA.

Moxon,ReginaMcNulty,RichMiller(RMr),RobertE.Miller,TimMarquardt,TravisA.Mahan,ThomasU.May,VeraMiller,WalterJ.Marcisz,BeccaNelson,GregNeise,JillNiland,JoanI.Norek,MarciaNye,RichardNorton,MarlysOosting,SandyOlsen,AndyPay,DevinPeipert,GlennPerricone, JohnPurcell, JudyPollock(JPk),JohnPicken(JPn),JosephPhipps(JoP),JakePhillips(JPs),KarlPoetzl,LindaPadera,PhilReyburn,RoyE.Peterson,ShawnPfautsch,StephenF.Pack,ShirleyPulgar-Hughes(SPH),WendyPaulson,AdamReyburn,AriRice,BarbRask,GabrielRay,JessicaRunner,JaniceSweet(JSt),JosephRockey(JRo),JesseRay(JRy),Kevin B. Richmond, Lisa Rest, Phil J. Reyburn, Pat Reyburn(PRn), Rhonda S. Rothrock, Sharon Rademacher, Shreeni Rao(SRo),TimothyReichard,TonyRothering(TRg),AdamSell,AlanF.Stokie,AndrewP.Sigler,AnneStraight(ASt),ArdeaThurston-Shaine, Brent Schindewolf, Beau J. Schaefer, Brad Semel(BSl), Bill Saylor (BSr), Bob Schmidt (BSt), Carla Schmakel,Dave Spleha,David Schwaegler (DSc),Dennis Streicher (DSr),Duston Suits (DSs), Doug F. Stotz, Darrell J. Shambaugh, EricE. Secker, Fred Stillema, Gary R. Soper, Jeff Sundberg, JeffA. Smith, Joseph L. Suchecki, James O. Smith, Jennie Strable(JSe),JoshSeibel(JSl),JonSleger(JoS),JeanSpitzer(JSr),JoeStephens (JSs), Janice Sweet (JSt), Justyn Stahl (JnS), JeffreyR.R.Skrentny,JeffreyR.Sanders,JimS.Solum,KenSchneider,LeonardW. Stanley,Michael Schudrowitz,Marilyn Schmidling(MSg),MarkS.Seiffert,PaulW.Sweet,RobertE.Shelby,RandyL.Shonkwiler,SusanSzeszol,SteveSmith(SeS),SuzanneSmith(SSh),SteveG.Spitzer,StanleyW.Stec,TomSchulenberg,VickySroczynski,Will Stephens,Wes S. Serafin,AlanThomas,CraigA. Taylor, Craig B.Thayer, David Taliaferro, Joel Tucker, MattTucker, Michael Thomasson (MTn), Christen Vincent, JennyVogt,TimVanseghi,AdamWoodis,BarbaraC.Williams,CharlesA.Westcott,ChristineL.Williamson,DolphWilliams,DavidE.Willard,DanT.Williams,DanWenny(DWy),EmilyWalker,EricW. Walters, Geoffrey A. Williamson, Jason D. Weckstein, JeffW.Walk,KristinWegner,LauraWerner,MarkWallner,MatthewWistrand (MWd), Mark Webster (MWr), Matthew J. Winks,Michael P.Ward, SueWagoner,TonyWard,AaronYetter,DickYamasaki, Jerry Zamirowski, Susan Zelek, Will Zimmerman.

Anumberinparentheses()indicatesthenumberofbirdsobserved at a particular location or on a particular date. Nonumber signifies single birds. Place names given in italic typeare counties.The sequence of recordswithin species accounts,except for maximum counts, begin in northwest Illinois (JoDaviess, Carroll andWhiteside counties), proceed to the east,thencontinuebackandforthacrossthestateinasystematicpat-ternwiththesouthernmostrecordsattheend. Transparentdirectionals(n.=north(ern),ne.=northeast(ern),etc.),andincludingc.=central,areusedwhereapplicable.Wordsreferring to natural features are generally not abbreviated innamesofresidentialcommunities(thusForestPark,FallCreek,GardenPrairie,etc.). HeadingsforspeciesrequiringIORC(IllinoisOrnithologicalRecordsCommittee) review inparts of Illinois, in someplum-ages, or their seasonal rarity are underlined, while those forspecies requiring review of all records are CAPITALIZEDANDUNDERLINED.Documentation of such records throughthe IORC would be appropriate and appreciated. Recordspending IORC review are enclosed in square brackets []. TheIORC review list can be viewed at the IOS/IORC website,HYPERLINK “http://www.illinoisbirds.org/iorc.html” http://www.illinoisbirds.org/iorc.html. Noteworthy dates and sites ofoccurrenceandremarkablyhighcountsforthestateasawholeorforparticularregionsofthestateareunderlinedand/orboldfaced,

andsomefurthereditorialremarksarealsoboldfaced.Four-letteralpha or bird-banding codes in capitalized letters (e.g.WODUforWoodDuck,PUMAforPurpleMartin,etc.)developedbytheUSGSBirdBandingLaboratoryareoccasionallyusedasabbre-viationswithinthespeciesaccounts. RemarksonthehistoricalsignificanceofrecordsaimtobevalidforthecorpusofdatapublishedinH.DavidBohlen’s1989BirdsofIllinoisandtheseasonalsummeriesintheIllinoisjour-nalsIllinoisBirdsandBirding(summer1984–spring1991)andMeadowlark(summer1991–present).Datafromothersourcesmayhavebearingonthevalidityoftheseremarks.SpeciesnamesandsequencecorrespondtotheAmericanOrnithologist’sUnionCheck-ListofNorthAmericanBirdsanditssupplementsthroughthe54thsupplement(2013).The2003DeLormeIllinoisAtlas&Gazetteerhasbeenusedasastandardforspellingofplacenamesforsitesincludedtherein. Some records not printed here may still be under IORC(IllinoisOrnithologicalRecordsCommittee)review;whencom-pleted, theywillappear in thepublishedIORCreport.Asstan-dard policy, all observers, regardless of experience,must fullydocument all unusual observations.Easy to use documentationforms are available from IORC Secretary, Paul Sweet, 2114ElishaAve., Zion, IL 60099. Completed documentation formsof “listed” species should be submitted to the IORCSecretarywithinoneweekoftheobservation.

Report

14 Meadowlark

ad(s) =adult(s)alt =alternateplumage (breeding)cop =copulatingest =estimate(d)etal. =andothers♀ =female(s)HY =hatchyearjuvenilesimm =immatureincl =includingind(s) =individual(s)juv(s) =juvenile(s)lg =large♂ =male(s)♪ =singing#(s) =number(s)m.ob. =manyobservers* =documentedrecord** =specimenrecord

ph(s) =photo(s)plum =plumagepr(s) =pair(s)prop =propertyrd =roadresp =respectivelysubad(s) =subadult(s)vid =videovr =voicerecordingw/ =withyg =young________________

Trl =TrailTwp =TownshipUniv =UniversityUSF&WS =UnitedStatesFish&WildlifeServiceWet =Wetland(s)WMA =WildlifeManagement

AreaWds =WoodsWS =WildlifeSanctuaryEA =EarliestArrival(s)LD =LatestDeparture(s)MC =MaximumCount(s)COS = ChicagoOrnithologicalSocietyfieldtripIYBC = IllinoisYoungBirdersClubfieldtripIOS =IllinoisOrnithologicalSocietyfieldtripFMNH =FieldMuseumofNaturalHistoryKCA = KaneCountyAudubonfieldtripNBSO =Non-BreedingSummerOccurrenceNPBW =NorthPondBirdWalkWIBW = WoodedIslandBirdWalk

The following abbreviations have been used throughout this report:

AlmondM =AlmondMarshNaturePreserve(LakeCo)AmnBot =AmericanBottoms(MonroeCounty)Athens_ =AthensBBS(MenardCo)Atkinson_ =AtkinsonBBS(HenryCo)BannerM =BannerMarshStateFish&WildlifeArea (Fulton/PeoriaCos)BeanRdgBBC =BeanRidgeBBC,ShawneeNationalForest (AlexanderCo)Beaucoup_ =BeaucoupBBS(Washington/ClintonCos)BeaverdamL_ =BeaverdamLakeBBS(PopeCo)Belknap_ =BelknapBBS(JohnsonCo)Bellrose =BellroseWaterfowlReserve,CypressCreek NWR(PulaskiCo)BigMudWetBBC =BigMuddyRiverWetlandsBBC,Grand TowerTwp(JacksonCo)BraidwoodL =BraidwoodLake(WillCo)BuseyWds =BuseyWoodsPark,Urbana(ChampaignCo)CampPoint_ =CampPointBBS(AdamsCo)CaneyCrkBBC =CaneyCreekBBC,ShawneeNationalForest, PomonaTwp(JacksonCo)

The following abbreviations for place names have been used throughout this report:CarlL-BorCorF =CarlyleLake(Bond,Clinton,orFayetteCos)CarsonSl =CarsonSloughPark,SugarGrove(KaneCo)CaveCrkBBC =CaveCreekValleyBBC,ShawneeNational Forest,PomonaTwp(JacksonCo)CBG =ChicagoBotanicGarden(CookCo)CedarCrkBBC =CedarCreekValleyBBC,ShawneeNational Forest,PomonaTwp(JacksonCo)Chau =LakeChautauquaNationalWildlifeRefuge (MasonCo)Chi =Chicago--excl.JacksonPark&LakeCalumet (CookCo)ClintonL =ClintonLake(DeWittCo)COLSP =Chain-O-LakesStatePark(LakeCo)Columbia_ =ColumbiaBBS(Monroe/St.ClairCos)CONWR =CrabOrchardNationalWildlifeRefuge (WilliamsonCo)CRSNA =CacheRiverStateNaturalArea(Johnson/ PulaskiCos)DPCA =DesPlainesConservationArea(WillCo)Dudleyville_ =DudleyvilleBBS(BondCo)

Apt =AirportB =BeachBHCO =Brown-headedCowbirdBBC =SNFBreedingBirdCensusBBS =USGSBreedingBirdSurveyBS =BirdSanctuaryBtms =BottomsC =CollegeCA =ConservationAreaCem =CemeteryCo(s) =County(ies)CP =CountyParkCrk =CreekD =DamEA =EcologicalAreaFP =ForestPreserveFS =FieldStation

GC =GolfCourseH =HarborHA =HabitatAreaI =IslandL =LakeL&D =Lock&DamLWR =Land&WaterReserveM =MarshNA =NaturalAreaNC =NatureCenterNHL =NationalHistoricLandmarkNo. =NorthNP =NaturePreserveNWR =NationalWildlifeRefugeOSL =OpenSpaceLandsPHA =PheasantHabitatAreaPk =Park

Pra =PrairiePr =PreserveR =RiverRA =RecreationAreaRes =ReservoirRd =RoadSav =SavannaSF =StateForestSHS =StateHistoricSiteSl =SloughSFWA =StateFish&Wildlife/WaterfowlAreaSNA =StateNaturalAreaSNF =ShawneeNationalForestSo. =SouthSP =StateParkSRA =StateRecreationArea

Volume 22, Number 1 15

EForkL =EastForkLake(RichlandCo)Emiquon =TheNatureConservancyEmiquonPreserve (FultonCo)ESTL =EastSt.Louis(St.ClairCo)Fairbury_ =FairburyBBS(Livingston/FordCounties)Fermi =Fermilab(DuPageCo)GlacialPk =GlacialParkConservationArea (McHenryCo)GLNTC =GreatLakesNavalTrainingCenter(LakeCo)GLPSNA =GooseLakePrairieStateNaturalArea (GrundyCo)GreenR =GreenRiverStateWildlifeArea(LeeCo)GreeneVal =GreeneValleyForestPreserve(DuPageCo)HennepinL =Hennepin-HopperLakeRestorationArea (PutnamCo)HeronCP =HeronCountyPark(VermilionCo)HL =HorseshoeLakeStatePark(MadisonCo)HomerL =HomerLakeForestPreserve(ChampaignCo)HutchinsCrkBBC =HutchinsCreekValleyBBC(UnionCo)IBSP =IllinoisBeachStatePark(LakeCo)ICCA =IroquoisCountyConservationArea (IroquoisCo)Jamestown_ =JamestownBBS(Clinton/MadisonCos)Jarvis =BillJarvisMigratoryBirdSanctuary, LincolnPk,Chicago(CookCo)JP =JacksonParkandvicinity,Chicago(CookCo)JubileeC =JubileeCollegeStatePark(PeoriaCo)Kankakee =Kankakee(KankakeeCounty)Kinnikinnick =KinnikinnickCreekConservationArea (BooneCo)KRSP =KankakeeRiverStatePark(KankakeeCounty)Kell_ =KellBBS(MarionCo)KLMSNA =KiddLakeMarshStateNaturalArea (MonroeCo)LaSalleL =LaSalleLakeStateFish&WildlifeArea (LaSalleCo)LCal =LakeCalumet(CookCo)LostMound =LostMoundNWR(formerSavannaArmy Depot)(JoDaviessCo)LowdMil =Lowden-MillerStateForest(OgleCo)LOWFP =LakeoftheWoodsForestPreserve (ChampaignCo)LSpfld =LakeSpringfield,Springfield(SangamonCo)LSummerset_ =LakeSummersetBBS(StephensonCo)LRSNC =LittleRedSchoolhouseNatureCenter, Palos(CookCo)LtlBlkSl =LittleBlackSloughStateNaturalArea (JohnsonCo)MArb =MortonArboretum,Lisle(DuPageCo)Martinsville_ =MartinsvilleBBS(Clark/CrawfordCos)Maz/Braid =Mazonia/BraidwoodStateFish&Wildlife Area(KankakeeCo)McCunePra =McCuneSandPrairieNaturePreserve (BureauCo)McGinnis =McGinnisSlough(sw.CookCo)MeadbrkPk =MeadowbrookPark,Urbana(ChampaignCo)MermetL =MermetLakeStateFish&WildlifeArea (MassacCo)Midewin =MidewinNationalTallgrassPrairie(WillCo)MidSav =MiddleforkSavannaForestPreserve(LakeCo)Milford_ =MilfordBBS(Iroquois/VermilionCos)MillCrk_ =MillCreekBBS(OgleCo)

MissPalis =MississippiPalisadesStatePark(CarrollCo)MomenceSod =H&ESodFarm,Momence(KankakeeCo)MomenceWet =MomenceWetlandsNaturePreserve (KankakeeCo)Montrose =MontroseHarbor,LincolnPark,Chicago (CookCo)MoraineHills =MoraineHillsStatePark(McHenryCo)MRB =MississippiRiverBlufflands(MonroeCo) Nachusa =NachusaGrasslands(LeeCo)NelsonL =NelsonLakeMarshNaturePreserve (KaneCo)NoP =NorthPond,LincolnPark,Chicago(CookCo)NPM =NorthPointMarina,WinthropHarbor (LakeCo)NygrenWet =NygrenWetlandsPreserve(WinnebagoCo)Palos =Palosarea(sw.CookCo)PaulDouglas =PaulDouglasForestPreserve(CookCo)Pembroke =PembrokeTownship(KankakeeCo)PlumCrk =PlumCreekForestPreserve(CookCo)Pomona =Pomonaarea(JacksonCo)Pontiac_ =PontiacBBS(LivingstonCo)Pratt’sWW =Pratt’sWayneWoodsForestPreserve (DuPageCo)PrRdg-J =PrairieRidgeStateNaturalArea(JasperCo)PrRdg-M =PrairieRidgeStateNaturalArea(MarionCo)Pulaski_ =PulaskiBBS(Pulaski/AlexanderCos)RendL =RendLake(JeffersonCo)RiverBend =RiverBendForestPreserve(ChampaignCo)RockCut =RockCutStatePark(WinnebagoCo)Rckfd =Rockford(WinnebagoCo)RollinsSav =RollinsSavannaForestPreserve(LakeCo)Ryerson =RyersonConservationArea(LakeCo)St.Morgan_ =St.MorganBBS(MadisonCo)SaltCrk =SaltCreekWoodsNaturePreserve(CookCo)Sang =SangamonCountySheffield_ =SheffieldBBS(BureauCo)Sherrard_ =SherrardBBS(Mercer/WarrenCos)SiloamSpr =SiloamSpringsStatePark(Adams/ BrownCos)SoRipHlwBBC =SouthRippleHollowBBC,SNF (AlexanderCo)Spfld =Springfield(SangamonCo)SugarR =SugarRiverAlderForestPreserve (WinnebagoCo)StarvedRock =StarvedRockStatePark(LaSalleCo)Stillwell_ =StillwellBBS(HancockCo)Streator_ =StreatorBBS(LivingstonCo)SwallowCliff =SwallowCliffWoodsForestPreserve(Palos,CookCo)TroyGrove_ =TroyGroveBBS(LaSalle/BureauCos)TwoRivers =TwoRiversNationalWildlifeRefuge(Cal-hounCo)UMRNWR =UpperMississippiRiverNationalWildlife Refuge(CarrollCo)Union_ =UnionBBS(McHenryCo)Urbana =Urbana(ChampaignCo)VoloBog =VoloBogStateNaturalArea(LakeCo)WaterfallGlen =WaterfallGlenForestPreserve(DuPageCo)Wauk =WaukeganBeach&Harbor(LakeCo)Waynesville_ =WaynesvilleBBS(McLeanCo)WhispWil =WhisperingWillowsPark,Kankakee (KankakeeCo)

Abbreviations for place names, continued

16 Meadowlark

Black-bellied Whistling-DuckNBSO: Spfld (ad), 26-29 Jul (W&CB, HDB:ph, KBR et al.). Firstcountyrecord(HDB).Greater White-fronted GooseNBSO:PagePk(Dixon,LeeCo)(3),5Jun(DH);Emiquon,3-22Jun(JIE,AAA,DHetal.);Buckhart(SangamonCo)(ad),8Jul(HDB).Snow GooseNBSO:Bushnell(McDonoughCo)(2;1Snow,1Blue),20Jun(LLH);DoubleTSFWA (FultonCo) (whitemorph), 3 Jun (JIE);CarlL-C (2injured),1-3Jun(DMK,KAM);Bond(4),23Jul(KAM);MascoutahL(St.ClairCo),17-18Jul(RL).Canada GooseBreeding:Pecatonica(WinnebagoCo)(3nests),2Apr(DTW);FabyanFP(KaneCo)(♀w/14yg),13May(BLe);SaganashkeeSl(CookCo)(broods of 2, 4& 5), 9 Jun (DFS); JP (nest w/3 eggs; but nest laterfailed), 14Mar (PRC); JP (1st ygwere abroodof5), 29Apr (PRC).Totalnestingsuccess@JPlimitedto21ygin4broodsduetoegg-oiling(PRC);Wyanetsewageplant (BureauCo) (14ygof2+sizes),17Jun(DFS); Urbana (goslings), 24Apr (EJC); HomerL (goslings), 5May(EJC);HeronCP(chasedMUSWawayfromnest,jumpingonitsback),2Apr (BL);TwoRivers (grownyg), 22 Jun (DMK);CarlL-C (downyyg),1-6 Jun (DMK);MermetL (26ad,12yg),17Apr (KAM). MC:258,Chau,13Jul(RGB,SNB);220,Sang,11Jul(HDB);185,JP,31Jul(PRC);160,LCal(HarborsideGC),6Jul(DFS);112(w/30yg),NoP,6Jun(GAWetal.);110,Emiquon,28Jul(KAM);110,LSpfld,17,21&27Jun(HDB);80,CarlL-F,29Jul(DMK).Mute SwanBreeding: MoraineHills (McHenryD) (pr w/4 cygnets), 4 Jun (BSr);DefianceL (MoraineHills) (pr w/juv), 11 Jun (SDB);AlmondM (pr),28May&2Jul(SDB);LakewoodFP(LakeCo)(adonnest&laterwith juvs), season (SDB); LCal (Powderhorn Lake FP) (pr w/3 yg),18May(WJM);LCal(HarborsideGC)(prw/6yg),2Jun(WJM,JIE,NRG);LCal(DeadstickPond)(prw/4yg),21Jun(WJM);LCal(IndianRidge Marsh) (pr w/2 yg), 21 Jun (WJM). MC: 12, LCal (WolfL),14 Jul (CAM);8&4,LSpfld, 12 Jun&29 Jul resp (HDB).Others:HennepinL, 23 Jun (AFS, RE,APS); ESTL, 13 Jun (DMK); RendL(WardBranch)(2),25Jun(CLH).Trumpeter Swan GlacialPk,16Jun (DMK,TAM);McGinnis (pr),10&24Jul (WSS);LCal(WolfL),2,20Jun&14Jul(JIE,NRG&WJM,CAMresp).Wood DuckBreeding:NygrenWet (2hensw/16chicks), 15May& (4hensw/27chicks),16Jun(DTW);AlmondM(♀w/4tinyyg&♀w/7smallyg),2 Jul (SDB);CherryHillWdsFP (CookCo) (♀w/3 very small yg),27Jun(AFS);DPCA(WillCo)(2♀w/8&11chicks),30Jun(DFS);MiddleportTwp(IroquoisCo)(♀sw/3broodsof3,12,&14yg&14other lg juvs), 13 Jun (SDB);CarlL-C (henw/brood), 1 Jun (DMK);FayettevilleTwp(St.ClairCo) (♀w/6yg),11May(TJD);LeveeRd(MonroeCo)(henw/brood),23Jun(DMK);GrandTower(JacksonCo)(henw/1yg),13Jun(DMK).MC:750,Emiquon,28Jul(KAM);225,McGinnis,24Jul(WSS);120(ad&yg),CarlL-C,1Jul(DMK);125,HennepinL,1Jul(TH);120(ad&yg),HL,30Jun(DMK);107,DPCA(WillCo),28Jul(DFS);101,Chau,1Jun(RGB,SNB).GadwallBreeding: RollinsSav (2 pr & ♀ w/9 chicks), 3 Jun (S&BF). MC:18,RollinsSav,3Jun(S&BF);7,PaulDouglasFP(CookCo),22Jun(SWS);7,Emiquon,3Jun(JIE,AAAetal.).Others:RollinsSav(2),22Jul(BJSetal.);GLNTC,1Jun(DRD);AlmondM(2),17Jun(MMC);HennepinL (2), 14 Jun (TH); Emiquon, 22 Jun (TW, CD). NBSO:CarlL-C(♂),19Jun(DMK).American WigeonNBSO:Emiquon,23Jun(JIE);TwoRivers(eclipse♂),22Jun(DMK,MSS).MallardBreeding: Freeport (Stephenson Co) (♀ w/8 chicks), 10 Jul (DTW);Nunda Twp (McHenry Co) (♀ on nest w/10 eggs), 25 Jun (SDB);AlmondM(♀w/10yg),28May(SDB);CubaMFP(LakeCo)(♀sw/3

&5chicks),9Jun (LG);FabyanFP(KaneCo) (3♀sw/yg),13May(BLe);CBG(♀w/8juv),9Jun(ABA);MArb(♀w/6yg),2Jun&2other♀on nests, 13 Jun (JZ&CV resp);Harvester Pk (BurrRidge,DuPageCo) (2♀w/2&5yg),14 Jun (LP); 179th/CentralFP (CookCo)(2broodsof5&8yg),28Jul(ABA);Chi(HumboldtPk)(7yg),6Jun(SBB);DPCA(WillCo)(♀sw/broodsof5,6&8yg),4Jul(DFS);ZumaTwp (Rock Island Co) (♀w/5 chicks), 13 Jun (DFS);Wyanetsewage ponds (Bureau Co) (2♀, eachw/5 chicks), 17 Jun (DFS); JP(broodofyg<1weekold),12Aug(PRC).Poornestingseason@JPwithnomorethan6broods(PRC);Champaign(UofIswimmingpool)(♀w/13smallyg),25Apr(REM);MeadbrkPk(♀w/7yg),9Jun(JHt);FayettevilleTwp(St.ClairCo)(4adw/3yg),18May(TJD);LeveeRd(MonroeCo)(henw/brood),23Jun(DMK);Williamson(adsw/10yg),5Jun(KAM).MC:600,Emiquon,22Jun(JIE);219,LCal(DeadstickPond),19 Jul (WJM); 200,AlmondM,29 Jul (REP);200 (ad&yg),CarlL-C,19Jun&26Jul(DMK);200,FrankHoltenSP(St.ClairCo),21-22Jun(DMK,MSS);130,Kankakee,24Jul(JBH);111,LSpfld,12Jun(HDB);110,HelmickNP(CookCo),13Jun(AT);102,Fermi,18Jul (GP);101,AlmondM,2 Jul (SDB);95,Oswego (KendallCo), 31Jul(ASA).MOTTLED DUCK CarlL-C,1Jun(DMK:ph,MSS).Blue-winged TealBreeding:MidSav(2adincl♀w/6yg),24Jun(AFS,RE);SugarGrove(KaneCo)(prw/9fledglings),16Jun(SF).MC:32,RollinsSav,29Jun&13 Jul (BJS);11, seeabove;10,HiddenLFP (DuPageCo),29 Jun(JPs);10,Emiquon,22Jun(JIE);9,TwoRivers,22Jun(DMK,MSS);8,GlacialPk,24Jun(JSl);7,DesPlaines(DesPlainesR,CookCo),22Jul(CJ);6,Fermi,31Jul(SF);6,Chau,13Jun(RGB,SNB);6,LSpfld,2Jun(HDB);5-6,CarlL-C(EldonHazlettSP),2&3Jun(DMK,MSS&KAMresp).Other:NygrenWet(2),21&26Jul(KP);COLSP(5),15 Jul (BJS);AlmondM (2♂), 28 May (SDB); Lakewood FP (LakeCo),7Jun(BJS);RedwingSlSNA(LakeCo)(2),2Jun(BJS);AftonFP(DeKalbCo)(2),3Jun(ASA);NelsonL(4),7Jul(VLetal.);SauerFamilyPraKameFP(KaneCo),10-16Jun(JJD,DL);Pratt’sWW(3),22Jul(ASA);BurnidgeFP(DuPageCo)(4),11Jun(JSl);PaulDouglas(2),22Jun(SWS);GreenRSWA(LeeCo),6Jun(DH);LCal(DeadstickPond)(2),28Jul(JIE);HennepinL(5),11Jul(TH);GLPSNA,14Jul(TR);Midewin(2),7Jul(DFS);PeacockM(WillCo)(3),1Jun(ASA);WhispWil(♂),26Jun&(♀),4-7Jul(JBH);FayettevilleTwp(St.ClairTwp)(2♂),1-3Jun(TJD);HL(3),18Jun&4Jul(GH&KAMresp).Northern ShovelerMC: 8,MauvaiseTerreL (Jacksonville,MorganCo), 28 Jun (CD); 5(incl2pr),NygrenWet,2Junbutw/1therethru27Jul(ATB).Others: GLPSNA(♂),2Jun(AFS,RE);PeacockM(WillCo)(♀),1-10Jun(ASA,JAS,DFS).WhispWil(♂),27Jun-1Jul(JBH);Emiquon(5),4Jul(TAM);TwoRivers,17Jul(GH); Fayette,8Jul(MSS). Northern PintailPaulDouglas(4),18Jun(SWS);MiddleportTwp(IroquoisCo)(♂),13Jun (SDB);Emiquon, 3&22 Jun (JIE,AAAet al.&TW,CD resp);PrRdg-M(♂),6Jun(CLH).Green-winged Teal Freeport (Stephenson Co) (♂), 10 Jun (EWW); Afton FP (DeKalbCo) (2), 3 Jun (TB);WhispWil (♀), 13 Jul (JBH);WoodfordCoCA(WoodfordCo),10Jul (TH);Emiquon,23Jun(JIE);PrRdg-M(♂),6Jun(CLH).CanvasbackEmiquon(1-2),3-23Jun(JIE,AAAetal.).NBSO:UMRNWR(ThomsonCauseway)(4),3Jun(JIE);Chau,1Jun(RGB,SNB).RedheadEmiquon(2),23Jun,w/1+there3Jun–4Jul(JIE,AAAetal.&TAMresp).NBSO:UMRNWR(ThomsonCauseway)(2&3),3&13Jun(JIE& JL resp);HL (basicplum♀), 30 Jun - 22 Jul (DMK:ph,KAM:ph,FRH:ph,RL:ph);EldonHazletSP(ClintonCo),13Jun(GH).Ring-necked DuckAntiochTwp(LakeCo)(2),19Jun(BJS:ph);AvonTwp(LakeCo),2Jun(BJS);LCal(HarborsideGC)(pr),24Jun(WJM);LCal(DeadstickPond)(♂),21Jun(WJM);Emiquon,3Jun(JIE,AAAetal.);HL(♂),25Jun(AG:ph,EG,EDG);RendL(♀),30Jul(KAM).

2012 Spring Field Notes

Volume 22, Number 1 17

Lesser ScaupNBSO: UMRNWR (Thomson Causeway) (7), 3 Jun (JIE); BusseL(CookCo)(♂),24Jun(CJ);MoundTwp(McDonoughCo)(♂),17Jun(LLH);LSpfld(♂&♀),13Junw/♀thru24Jun(HDB).Hooded MerganserBreeding: Ray Lake FP (Lake Co) (4 juv), 1 Jul (BJS); MiddleportTwp(IroquoisCo)(♀w/7smallyg),13Jun(SDB);IsabelTwp(FultonCo)(2imm),8Jun(LLH);LSpfld(juvs),4&24Jun(HDB);Altamont(EffinghamCo)(prw/10yg),3May(EWW);CarlL-C(prw/4yg),29May(DMK);Pinckneyville(HarrissL,PerryCo)(♀onnestw/12eggsinWODUbox),1 Mar(JSs:ph,WS:ph).Amazinglyearlyforafullclutchofeggsobviouslybegunbyatleastmid-Feb!MC:4,CarlL-C,20Jun(DMK);4,Germantown(ClintonCo),14Jul(DMK);3,MoraineHills,10Jun(JAS).Others:GlacialPk,1Jun(MD);AntiochTwp(LakeCo),19Jun(BJS);IBSP(So.Unit),15Jun(MMC);MidSav,24Jun(AFS);RockFalls(damonRockRiver,WhitesideCo)(♀/juv),25-31Jul(DH);SugarGrove (KaneCo) (2), 5 Jun (SF); St. JamesFarmFP (DuPageCo) (♀plum),12 Jun (KW);PaulDouglas,21 Jun (JBy);DeerGrove(East)FP(CookCo),26Jun(JD);PalatineM(CookCo),22Jul(GAW);BusseL(CookCo),24Jun(CJ);No.BranchChiR(IrvingParkRd.toPetersonRd,CookCo),13Jun(MA);SpringCrkHeadwatersFP(CookCo),7Jun(JV);Chi(ColumbusPk)(juv),7Jun(EDG);Chi(DouglasPk),26Jun–5Jul(EDG,AG);NoP(juv),13Jun(GAWetal.);LCal(BurnhamPraM),15 Jul (JIE);HennepinL,16 Jun (JAS);GLPSNA,30Jun(AW);HeideckeLSFWA(GrundyCo),17Jun(ASA);Emiquon,7-8 Jul (ASA,AW);O’Fallon (St.ClairCo),2 Jun (GL);FayettevilleTwp(St.ClairTwp)(ad♂),17Jun(TJD);Beaucoup_,1Jun(DMK);Jamestown_,2Jun(DMK);Single♀/juvtypeandsmallgroupsfoundatnumerousstatewide locationsbym.ob.,most ifnotall the resultofbreedingattempts.Common Merganser NBSO:Chi(RainbowB)(♀),8Jul(GAW);LaSalleL(♀;injuredwing?Presentherefor2summers,neverseenflying),28Jul(BC:ph);LSpfld(♂),15-24Jun&11Jul(HDB).Red-breasted MerganserNBSO: Cherry HillWds FP (Cook Co), 3 Jun (MMC, FRM); LCal(WolfL) (ad♂), 9 Jun- 10 Jul (AAA:ph,ASA:ph,WJM);RockFalls(WhitesideCo) (♀), 27 Jun – 18Aug (DH,DTW,LGB);HennepinL(♀),20Jul(DFS).Ruddy DuckMC: 8 (3♂, 5♀), Fermi, 4-16 Jul (DLt,GP); 6,HL, 15 Jul (CB); 5,Chau,1Jun(RGB,SNB).Other:MoraineHills,10Jun(JAS);LCal,2Jul(DFS);UMRNWR(ThomsonCauseway)(2),3Jun(JIE);Emiquon(3♂,♀),3Jun–4Jul(JIE,AAA,TAM,CD).NBSO: ElPasosewagelagoons(WoodfordCo),24Jul(TH);LSpfld(2♂),19-27Jun&1there,29Jul(HDB).

Northern BobwhiteBreeding:GLPSNA(5 juv),8Jul (LR);SiloamSpr(prw/5yg),1Jul(SZ); ScottAir ForceBase (St.ClairCo) (2♂&4 yg), 17 Jun (RF).MC: 78 (most all♪♂),Kell_,3 Jun (SDB);68♪♂,Martinsville_,15Jun(SDB);23,Columbia_,2Jun(KAM);18,Atkinson_,13Jun(DFS);15, Stillwell_, 27 Jun (VMK); 14, BeaverdamL_, 6 Jun (VMK); 13,CampPoint_, 26 Jun (VMK); 13,Dudleyville_, 3 Jun (DMK); 12,St.Morgan_,3Jun(KAM);12,PrRdg-J,12Jun(JWW);11,Beaucoup_,1 Jun (DMK); 10, Jamestown_, 2 Jun (DMK). Others: Wahl Pra(WhitesideCo) (3), 1 Jun (DH);FranklinCrkSNA (LeeCo), 10 Jun(ASA);Amboy(LeeCo),27Jul(JWW);DPCA(WillCo),4Jul(DFS);BraidwoodL(WillCo),3&8Jul(JBH);McCunePra(4&3♪♂),23&25Jun(BC&DTW,BCWresp);Midewin,2Jun(SZ);MatthiessenSP(LaSalleCo)(3locations),15Jul(BC);Toulon(StarkCo)(2),30Jun&22Jul(JWW);WhitefieldPHA(MarshallCo)(4),16Jun(BC);SweetFernSavannaLWR(KankakeeCo) (3),19Jun (DFS);PembrokeSavNP(KankakeeCo)(2),19Jun(DFS);IroquoisTwp(IroquoisCo)(♪♂),13Jun(SDB);Waynesville_(8),22Jun(VMK);Quincy(AdamsCo)(5),31Jul(AGD);Spfld(5&4),21Jun&2Julresp(HDB);Macon,3Jun(TAM);TwoRivers(4),2Jun(BS,JM).Note: “Population is very depressed around Bushnell (McDonoughCo)”(LLH);“NotmanyheardinNorthCentralIllinoisanymore”(BC);“Nearlyextirpatedfromeast-centralIllinois”(SDB).Gray PartridgeSaratogaTwp(MarshallCo),4Jun(MHB);Foundinsamelocationasahistoricresidentflock.FirstreportofawildbirdofthisspeciessinceDec2007.Ring-necked PheasantMC: 52♪♂,Milford_,14Jun(SDB);22,WahlPra (WhitesideCo),1Jun(DH);21,Fairbury_,2Jul(VMK);16,Atkinson_,13Jun(DFS);14,Streator_,9Jun(JAS).Others:COLSP(♪♂),10Jun(BJS);BurnidgeFP(KaneCo)(3),11Jun(JSl);NelsonL(2),2&16Jun(MM);CamptonFP(KaneCo),13-14Jun(ABH);Fermi(2),7&23Jun(DS);Pratt’sWW(♂), 26 Jun (GP); Springbrook Pra FP (DuPage Co), 24 Jun (JAS);Bartel Grassland (Cook Co) (2), 10 Jun (MO); GLPSNA (5), 14 Jul(TR);Midewin(7),23Jun(JAS);Sang(10),10Jun(HDB);MeadbrkPk(3),24Jun(ZS).Greater Prairie-ChickenPrRdg-J, 19 Jun (LB); PrRdg-M (Karl Bartel Sanctuary) (2), 11 Jun(JWW).Wild TurkeyBreeding:RockCut (prw/7 yg), 14 Jun (JV);Rckfd (BloomSchool)(♀w/7poults),18&22Jul(JL);Rckfd(yard)(♀w/8poults),5Sept(DTW);WahlPra(WhitesideCo)(♀w/7yg),19Jul(DH);Nachusa(4juv),12Jun(ABH);KRSP(5;4juv),8Jul(JBH);MomenceWet(8yg),15 Jun (JBH);SanganoisCA (Cass/MasonCos) (♀w/5 imm),28 Jul(KAM);CarlL-C(prw/10yg),29May(DMK);CarlL-C(6, inclyg),20Jun (DMK).MC:14,CarlL,23Jul (KAM);12,MomenceWet,15Jun(JBH);11&10,BigRockTwp(KaneCo),16Jun&2Jul(SF);9,RockCut(seeabove);9,Kinnikinnick,15Jul(JR);8,NorthBranchCA(McHenryCo),9Jun(BJS);8,Mason,14Jul(TH);8,MermetL,11Jul(TM);7,EvergreenL(McLeanCo),29Jul(BM);7,Dudleyville_,3Jun(DMK);6,Dresden IL&D(GrundyCo),30 Jun (AW);6,Kinmundy(MarionCo),3Jun(SDB).Others:Rckfd(BloomSchool)(8&7),18,22Jul&30Junresp(JL);COLSP,10Jun(BJS);Midewin(5),23Jun(JAS);DPCA(WillCo),30Jun(DFS);ForestPkNC(PeoriaHeights,PeoriaCo)(5),20Jun(EC);Stine’sTimber(WoodfordCo)(3),27Jul(TH);LSpfld(5),18Jul(HDB);LowdMil(4),23Jun(RM);ESTL(4),8Jul(DMK);RendL(InaAccess)(6),30Jul(KAM).Common LoonNBSO:Potter’sI(MississippiR,CarrollCo),1Jun(AD);WhalonLFP(WillCo) (basicplum),6 Jun–9 Jul (JAS,AFS,ASA:phet al.), but2 (basicplum) there12 Jun (JAS);EvergreenL (WoodfordCo) (basicplum),27Jun(DTW)&possiblysamebirdonborrowpitpond~3milesnorth,ElPasoTwp(WoodfordCo),7Jul(TH);LSpfld(basicplum),2Jun(HDB);EForkL,4Jun–endofJul(CLH).Pied-billed GrebeBreeding: RollinsSav (4 juv), 9 Jun (BJS,DRD et al.); PaulDouglas(ad & 5 chicks), 16 Jun (SBB); Oswego (Kendall Co) (4 ad & 7

Hooded Merganser at nest at Harriss Lake, Perry County. 1 March 2012. Photos by Joe Stephens. This bird laid eggs in February.

18 Meadowlark

juv), 31 Jul (ASA). MC: 11, see above; 10,PaulDouglas, 22 Jun (SWS); 10, DPCA (WillCo), 28 Jul (DFS); 9,GlacialPk, 1 Jun (MD);9,RollinsSav,3Jun(S&BF);9,Pratt’sWW,22Jul(SF);9,PalatineM(CookCo),8Jul(FRM);5, Emiquon, 3& 21 Jun (JIE&CD resp); 4,LCal (WolfL), 14 Jul (WJM).Others: Sang (3singles), 15-27 Jul (HDB);CarlL-C (2), 2 Jun(DMK);MeredosiaNWR(MorganCo)(2),28Jul (JAS);HL(2),30Jun(GH);MermetL(2),11Jul(TM);Only1-2birdsreportedfrommanystatewide locations. Likely much affected bydrought throughout the state but especially intheChicagolandareawhere theyareusuallyacommonbreeder.Horned GrebeNBSO:Chau,1 Jun(RGB,SNB).Onlythe6thpublishedJun/Julrecordforthisspecies.NEOTROPIC CORMORANTCalumetPk(CookCo)(ad),7Jun(presentsince11Apr)(AAA);Note: This specie’s breeding range moved a considerable distancefarther north when an adult was found sitting on a nest with 4 eggs(photos)onanIowaislandintheMississippiRbySJD!ThenestwasestimatedbySJDtobeonly250metersfromtheIllinoisstateline!Asthereareseveralrecordsofsummeringbirds,includingafewinstancesof at least2birds, thepossibilityof abreedingpairof this species inIllinoisshouldnotbeoverlooked(SDB).Double-crested CormorantBreeding:AlmondM (ads incubating 2 nests), 28May& (ads on 10nests),2Jul(SDB);WoodruffI(CarrollCo)(270ad&97nests),27Jun(SJDetal.);RendL(200;breedingcolony),30Jun(DMK);seebelowfor very large CarlL breeding colony. MC: 8000 (breeding colony),CarlL-F, 14-15 Jul (DMK); 900, RenwickL (Will Co), 30 Jun (JAS);843,Baker’sL(Barrington,CookCo),4Jul(GAW);600,LaSalleL,21Jul(BC);500,Emiquon,4Jul(TAM);400,Wauk,24Jul(AFS);320,BraidwoodL(WillCo),5Jul(JBH);200,seeabove;138,Ft.SheridanFP(LakeCo),9Jul (REP);128,Chi (RainbowB),8Jul (GAW);100,COLSP, 29 Jul (BJS,MMC); 100,Chau, 28 Jul (JJD et al.).Others:GlacialPk,9Jun(D&MC);MoraineHills(7),7Jul(JIE,MMC);PrairieWolfSl(LakeCo)(43),24Jun(BD);RollinsSav(32),3Jun(S&BF);AlmondM (36), 29 Jul (REP); Fermi (40), 10 Jul (DS); Rock Falls(WhitesideCo)(40),20Jul(DH);JohnJ.DuffyFP(CookCo)(60),8Jun(RLS);Montrose(58),20Jul(GAW);DPCA(WillCo)(28),4Jul(DFS);RockIsland(RockIslandCo)(4),20Jun(DLt);Stark,30Jun(CAT);HennepinL(15),11Jul(TH);Lacon(MarshallCo)(11),9Jun(BC); EvergreenL (McLeanCo) (20), 20 Jul (BG); Sang (48), 25 Jul(HDB);ClintonL(20),28Jul(EW);HeronCP(4),13Jul(JH);HL(90),9 Jul (FRH); RendL (Nason Observation Tower) (50), 21 Jul (TJD);MermetL(13),11Jul(TM).ANHINGABreeding: LtlBlkSl (did attempt to nest as the remains of a dead ygfoundongroundbelownestsinareawheretheynestedlastyear,butnonumbersoroutcomesknownduetolatecheckofnestingareaduetolowwater levels in swamp) (MML).Other:MichaelWolffWet (JohnsonCo),12Jun(EG,AG,EDG);AtleastafewbirdspresentinareainlateApr(SDB).American White PelicanBreeding:Woodruff I (MississippiR,CarrollCo) (400 ad, 300 chicks& 28 active nests), 27 Jun (SJD:ph et al.). MC: 760, Chau, 30 Jun(CAT); 700+, UMRNWR (Thomson Causeway), 27 Jun (SJD); 640,TwoRivers,10Jun(EWW);600&164,NygrenWet,3&16Jun(LGB&DTW,BCWresp);500,Emiquon,4Jul(TAM);425,WoodfordCoCA (WoodfordCo), 10 Jul (TH);400,Dixon (LeeCo), 17 Jul (MA);400,HL,30Jun(DMK);300,TwoRivers,22Jun(DMK,MSS);250,Meredosia NWR (Morgan Co), 28 Jul (JAS); 230, StarvedRock, 22Jun(BC);125,HennepinL,1Jul(TH); 60,CarlL-F,19Jun&13Jul(DMK). Others: LostMound BBS (9), 21 Jun (DB et al.); COLSP,15Jul(BJS,FRM);RockFalls(RockRD,WhitesideCo)(60),25Jul(DH);RockIsland(RockIslandCo)(25),20Jun(DLt);ClintonL(9),

30Jul(TH);Decatur(MaconCo)(8),28-30Jul(TAM);RendL(Nason)(15),25Jun(CLH).American BitternPecatonica(WinnebagoCo)(pr),8Jun(DTW);Montrose, 13 Jul (DKA); Crabtree NC (CookCo),22 Jun (MHe);GLPSNA(2),2&30 Jun(AFS,RE)&1on1Jul(BC);Midewin,23Jun(FRM).Least BitternMC: 3, Pratt’sWW, 22 Jul (SF). Others: MoraineHills (McHenryD), 6 Jun (AP);Redwing Sl SNA (Lake Co), 2 Jun (BJS);AlmondM, 28May (SDB);NPM, 11 Jul (JS);Wauk, 25 Jul (BJS); Pingree Grove (KaneCo) (calling ad), 7 Jun (SDB); LCal (EggersWdsFP), 8 Jun (DFS);GLPSNA, 1 Jul (BC);HennepinL(2),14Jun(TH);Emiquon,22Jun&4Jul(JIE&TAMresp);HeronCP(likelynest-ing),8Jun–8Jul(BL:ph,JR:phetal.). Great Blue HeronBreeding:AlmondM(ads@15nests),28May

& (ads& lgyg@13nests),2 Jul (SDB);DownersGroveTwp (DesPlainesR, Cook Co) (30-35 active nests), 3 Mar (WSS); Danada FP(DuPageCo)(50+activenests),13Jun(JC);RichTwp(CookCo)(30-35activenests), 7Apr (WSS);LCal (IndianRidgeMarsh) (15activenests), 2 Jun but ads present there, 28 Mar (WJM); LCal (WhitfordPond) (4 active nests), 29Mar (WJM); IllinoisR valley (MasonCo)(“sufferedwidespreadnestingfailure”),season(RGB,SNB);Smithton(St.ClairCo)(57activenestsat“M”Rdrookery),7Apr(TJD).MC:400,CarlL-F,29Jul(DMK);300,HL,30Jun(DMK);286,KLMSNA,27 Jun (C&PD); 200,TwoRivers, 22 Jun (DMK,MSS); 118,SpunkyBtmsPr(BrownCo),6Jul(TD);110,CentennialTrl(DuPageCo),12Jun(JAS);87,MendenhallPk(PeoriaCo),13Jul(DHr);80,Emiquon,22Jun(JIE);65,AlmondM,17Jun(MMC);65,PaulDouglas,22Jun(SWS);60,FairmontCity(St.ClairCo),17Jun(DMK);55,BlackberryMaplesFP(KaneCo),4Jul(SF);50,KaskaskiaI(RandolphCo),2Jul(MMn).Others:GlacialPk(19),5Jun(D&MC);MoraineHills(18),10Jul(JSl);COLSP(15),29Jul(BJS,MMC);CubaMFP(LakeCo)(17),16Jun(LG);MidSav(20),10Jul(REP);RollinsSav(11),3&29Jun(S&BF&BJSresp);AftonFP(DeKalbCo)(10),21Jul(AM);Fermi(42), 10 Jul (DS); McKeeM (DuPage Co) (27), 9 Jul (GP); FabyanParkwayM(DuPageCo)(24),17Jul(MM);Baker’sL(Barrington,CookCo)(37),4Jul(GAW);McGinnis(26),1Jul(LR);HelmickNP(CookCo) (46),13Jun (AT);BusseNP(CookCo) (38),7 Jul (ABA);LCal(Indian RidgeM) (20), 29 Jun (MD); HennepinL (25), 19 Jul (DH);DPCA (WillCo) (24), 30 Jun (DFS);BraidwoodL (34), 3 Jul (JBH);RenwickL NP (Will Co) (20), 30 Jun (JAS);WhalonL FP (Will Co)(23),16Jul(JAS);GLPSNA(10),30Jun(AW);RiceLCA(FultonCo)(35),22Jul(TH);Chau(40),30Jun(RLS);EvergreenL(McLeanCo)(16),24Jul(TH);HeronCP(onecatching&eatingapike/pickerel&another eating a siren salamander), 14 Jun (JR:ph);ClintonL (31), 30Jul(TH);RendL(40),17Jul(DMK);MichaelWolffWet(JohnsonCo)(17),22Jul(CK).Great EgretBreeding:WoodruffI(CarrollCo)(40ad&28nests),27Jun(SJDetal.); LCal (IndianRidgeM) (17 active nests), 19Apr-19 Jul (WJM);IllinoisR valley (Mason Co) (“suffered widespread nesting failure”),season(RGB,SNB).MC:2000,CarlL-F,29Jul(DMK);1850,HL,30 Jun (JMe); 523, Emiquon, 23 Jun (JIE); 400, TwoRivers, 22 Jun(DMK,MSS); 324,Mendenhall Pk (Peoria, PeoriaCo), 27 Jul (EC);300,RenwickL(WillCo),30Jun(JAS);300,Chau,30Jun(CAT);264,Baker’sL(Barrington,CookCo),4Jul(GAW);250,McGinnis,24Jul(WSS);200,RendL,17&30Jul(DMK&KAMresp);195,CubaMFP(LakeCo),9Jun(LG);171,AmnBot,27Jun(C&PD);158,RiceLCA(FultonCo),28Jul(TH);144,BusseNP(CookCo),7Jul(ABA);132,SpunkyBtmsPr(BrownCo),6Jul(TD);100,WhalonLFP(WillCo),4Jul(JAS);76,BannerM,30Jul(JBH);52,AlmondM,14Jun(BJS);50,MoraineHills, 25 Jul (JSl); 50, Pratt’sWW, 19 Jul (VS). Others:GlacialPk(17),23Jun(JL);RollinsSav(13),22Jul(CS);MidSav(22),18 Jun (REP); CarsonSl (11), 5 Jun (SF); Outlet MallM (Kane Co)

Least Bittern. Heron County Park, Vermilion County. 14 June 2014. Photo by Jessica Runner.

Volume 22, Number 1 19

SaugetM(ESTL)(10),25Jun(KAM);FayettevilleTwp(St.ClairTwp)(7),17Jun(TJD);CarlL-C(3),26Jul(DMK). Cattle EgretMC: 30, CahokiaMounds (St. Clair Co), 28 Jun (DMK); 10, FrankHoltenSP(St.ClairCo),21Jun(DMK);8, Monroe, 21Jul(C&PD);7,Emiquon,14Jul(TH,DHr).Others:LakewoodShores(WillCo)(2),1Jul(SDF);ESTL(2),30Jun(KAM);O’Fallon(St.ClairCo)(2),2Jun(KAM);Shiloh(St.ClairCo)(4),21Jul(KAM).Green HeronBreeding:FourLakesFP(WinnebagoCo)(pr@nest),2May(DTW,BCW);IBSP(2juv),30Jul(EWW);NoP(juv),24Jun(JIN);JP(nest~17Jun,w/broodof3downyygby18Jul)(PRC);Sang(severalHYbirds),15Jul(HDB).MC:13,Pratt’sWW,31Jul(SF);10,JakeWolfFishHatchery(MasonCo),1Jun(RGB,SNB);8,AlmondM,28May(SDB);7,SingingHillsFP(MonahanL,LakeCo),8Jun&4Jul(SDB);7,Chi(DouglasPk),12Jul(EDG,AG);7,HL,8Jul(GH);7,MermetL,11Jul(TM);6,McHenry,31Jul(SDB);6,WhalonLFP(WillCo),17Jun(JAS);6,CentennialTrl,26Jun(JAS);6,BraidwoodL,5Jul(JBH);6,Sang,30Jul (HDB);5, IBSP(So.Unit),1Jun(JSt);5,BigBendL(DesPlaines,CookCo),23Jun (CJ);5, JP,22-28Jul (PRC);5,LCal(Egger’sWdsFP),16Jul(DFS).Black-crowned Night-HeronBreeding:LittleifanynestingatLCalthisyear(WJM).Chi(LincolnPk) (breeding colony included a “fewhundred birds” incl ads&yg),season (fide SDB). MC: 56, HL, 30 Jun (FRH); 22, AlmondM, 29Jul(REP);20,No.BranchChiR(CookCo),13Jun(MA);11(2ad,4subad,5juv),LCal(HeronPond),29Jul(WJM);6,HL,30Jun(DMK).Others:AlmondM(5;2ad,3imm),28May&(5;4ad,subad),2Jul(SDB);HeronCrkFP(LakeCo)(4),28Jul(MS);WadsworthWetPr(LakeCo) (4), 21 Jul (REP);Batavia (KaneCo) (2 ad), 9 Jul (MM);PaulDouglas (ad), 20 Jun (AFS); Evanston (Cook Co) (4), 22 Jun(JDW);Pratt’sWW(9),31Jul(SF);Chi(DouglasPk)(6),12Jul(EDG,AG);Chi(ColumbusPk)(4),2Jul(EDG);JP(5summeringads)(PRC);RenwickLHeronRookery(WillCo)(4),9Jun(SZ);LaSalleL(4),28Jul(BC);Emiquon(4),22Jun&8Jul(JIE&DTWresp);TolonoTwp(ChampaignCo),28May&25Jun(MPW);LSpfld(ad,ad,2ad,juv),10, 15, 25&27 Jul (resp) (HDB);ESTL (5), 24 Jul (RL);Belleville(St.ClairCo),4Jun(DMK);PrRdg-M(3),4Jun(CLH);RendL(ad),5Jul(CLH).Manyothersightingsof1-2birdsintheChicagolandarea.Yellow-crowned Night-HeronBreeding:Ft.MassacSP(MassacCo)(2,w/onecarryingsticktonestsite),17Apr(KAM).Others:GrassL(COLSP)(ad),22Jul (BJS:ph);LCal (Heron Pond) (ad & juv), 21 Jul (WJM, CAM); Wilmington(WillCo)(ad),29Jun–28Jul(DBa:ph,JAS,CATm.ob.:ph);CahokiaMounds SHS (St.ClairCo) (3), 18 Jun (GH);HL (2), 30 Jun (FRH,JMe,GH);CarlL-C(ad&imm),20Jun&13-17Julresp(DMK);FoxR(RichlandCo)(ad),3Jun(CLH).Plegadis spEmiquon,23Jun(JIE).Black VultureMC: 15, Ferne Clyffe SP (Johnson Co), 17 Jun (SZ); 4, MermetL,17 Jun (SZ). Others: I-57 (s.Williamson Co), 12 Jul (GP); Fayville(AlexanderCo)(2),14Jun(DMK).Onlyverysmall(&few)numbersreportedinnormalrangeinstate. Turkey VultureMC: 200, HennepinL (roosting on lg utility tower), 19 Jul (DH); 60,Sang, 19 Jun (HDB); 51,YorkvilleDam (KendallCo), 20 Jun (ASA);40,LeveeRd(MonroeCo),23Jun(DMK);37,JakeWolfFishHatchery(MasonCo), 13 Jul (RGB,SNB);32,LostMoundBBS,21 Jun (DBetal.); 32, BraidwoodL (perched atop mine spoils mound), 3 Jul (JBH);30,TwoRivers,22Jun(DMK,MSS);30,CarlL-C,19,25Jun&25Jul(DMK); 25, Saline, 13 Jul (MSS); 24, KRSP (roosting on rock ledgeaboveriver),11Jun(JBH);20,LCal(BeaubienWdsFP),22Jul(WJM);20,MoraineView SP (McLean Co), 15 Jul (BG); 20, I-64 (Casner&Shiloh Twps, Jefferson Co), 30 Jun (DMK, MSS); 20, Elsah (JerseyCo),12Jun(CH);20,BeaverdamL_,6Jun(VMK);16,MarshallSFWA(MarshallCo),16Jun(BC);15,Midewin,17Jun(JAS).Others:IBSP(5),Jun/Jul(EWW);GrunwaldFarmsFamilyFP(KaneCo)(5),2Jun(TB);SchweitzerWdsFP(KaneCo)(5),9Jun(TB);JP,27Jun(PRC,HC).

(23),19Jul(SF);Fermi(25),26Jul(JLe);CentennialTrl(DuPageCo)(27),12Jun(JAS);DeerGrove(East)FP(CookCo)(16),13Jun(JD);HelmickNP(CookCo)(17),13Jun(AT);LCal(IndianRidgeM)(25),19Jul(WJM);DPCA(WillCo)(38),4Jul(DFS);Oswego(KendallCo)(12),31Jul(ASA);IllinoisRWidewaters(LaSalleCo)(21),24Jul(BC);SiloamSpr(12),23Jun(JIE);MeredosiaNWR(BrownCo)(25),28Jul(JAS); ClintonL (39), 30 Jul (TH); Sportsman’s Pk (Decatur, MaconCo)(47),28Jul(TAM);Sang(40),27&30Jul(HDB);HeronCP,13Jul (JH); Fairmont City (St. Clair Co) (40), 17 Jun (DMK); CRSNA(Johnson Co) (15), 21 Jul (MML); Larue/Pine Hills EcologicalArea(UnionCo)(25),16Jul(ATS).Snowy EgretMC: 150,HL, 30 Jun - 4 Jul (JMe,KAM); 100,TwoRivers, 22 Jun(DMK,MSS);60,FairmontCity(St.ClairCo),17Jun(DMK).Others:WhalonL FP (Will Co), 24-25 Jun (JAS, JWL); Emiquon (6), 14 Jul(TH,DHr); Mason (2),13Jul(RGB,SNB);MeredosiaNWR(MorganCo)(9),31Jul(TAM);LSpfld(juvs),25,26,&30Jul(HDB);CahokiaMoundsSHS(St.ClairCo)(10),13Jun(DMK);FayettevilleTwp(St.ClairTwp)(2),17Jun(TJD);CarlL-F,19Jun(DMK);RendL(4),30Jul(KAM). Little Blue HeronMC: 400,HL,30Jun(DMK).EA(northwarddispersals):4Jul(imm),EvergreenL (McLean Co) (MJW, et al.); 5 Jul (imm), BraidwoodL(JBH);11Jul,RendL,(CLH);16Jul(2juv),but7juvpresent30Jul,LickCrk(SangamonCo)(HDB). Others: GrunwaldFarmsFamilyFP(KaneCo), 14 Jun (DLs); LCal (126th St.M) (2 alt plum ad), 2 Jun(WJM, FRM:vid);WhispWil (imm), 19-28 Jul (JBH:ph); EvergreenL(ComlaraPk,McLeanCo) (imm),4-25 Jul (MJW:ph,BM);Emiquon(2), 28 Jul (JJD);HeronCP (4), 30 Jul (JR); PrRdg-J, 17 Jun (EW);

Juvenile Green Heron eating frog. Heron County Park, Vermilion County. 29 July 2012. Photo by Joel Tucker.

20 Meadowlark

OspreyBreeding:Belvidere (BooneCo) (3onnest atoputility tower;ad&yg),28Jul(SR);COLSP(ad&3chicksonnestplatform),1 Jul (KA); James “Pate” Philip SP (Kane Co) (ad on nest),2 Jun (JIN), but nest went down in storm), 1 Jul (fide SDB).However2adsseencarryingbranchesto2?newnests,oncelltower& atTri-County SP, 31 Jul (SF); Fermi (pr@nestw/2chicks), 10 Jul (DS); John J. Duffy FP (Cook Co) (pr w/oneygonnest),12May&4Jun (ASA&AFSresp);BergmanSl(Cook Co) (pr w/nestling @nest&prfeeding3nestlings),20May&22Jun(CBT&CHresp); LRSNC (ad atop neston nesting platform), 25 Mar(WJM) & 2 ad @ nest, 24Apr (ASA); PowderhornL FP(CookCo) (pr@ nest on celltowerbutlaterabandoned),30Mar-4May(WJM);CentennialTrl(DuPageTwp,WillCo)(4;family group), 13 Jun (JAS);Chau (pr incubing @ nest),24 May, (pr w/nestling), 21Jun, but (ad found dead &other ad & nestling gone), 5Jul.GHOWpredation? (RGB,SNB);CarlL-C(1stad@nest17Mar&prthereby5Apr,w/pr@nestboxw/3downyyg2Jun)(DMK,MSS)&prw/3grownyg,thru29Jul(DMK:ph);Joppapowerplant(MassacCo)(pr innestatoppowerlinetower),30May(FKB).Others:NygrenWet,10Jul(JRy);RollinsSav,3&9Jun(S&BF&BJS,DRDetal.resp);NelsonL,23Jun(JC,FD);LCal(Cargillproperty)(formernesttakenoverbyRTHApr),30Mar-thru period (WJM);DPCA (Will Co), 14 Jul (DFS); BraidwoodL (2;perched togetheron latterdate), 5-21 Jul (JBH);BannerM (2), 31 Jul(DHr);MoraineViewSP(McLeanCo),15Jul(BJ);LSpfld(2ndyear),2-21Jun&(ad),11Jul(HDB:ph).BeingchasedoffbylocalBAEAson21Jun;RendL,30Jun (DMK,MSS);RiverBend,4Jul (CKA);CIPSL (JasperCo) (2), 20 Jun (CLH);RendL (WardBranch) (1& 2), 25Jun&1Jul resp (CLH)&1 there30Jul (KAM);DixonSpringsSP/GlendaleL(PopeCo)(carryingfish),26Jun(MPW);MermetL,14–25Jun(DMK,CLH,SZ).Mississippi KiteBreeding:Rckfd(♀@nestbeingbuilt,butlaterabandoned;subad&ad♂,20Jun;prcop,mid-Jun;3ad♂,ad♀,3Jul)(DTW);Rckfd(2ad,8Jullaterfledged2juvfromdifferentBloomSchoolneighborhood),26Aug (JL:ph).MC: 5,GiantCity SP (JacksonCo), 23 Jun (LWS).Others: Ewing Pk (Bloomington, McLean Co) (2, 1st summer), 29Jun (APC);Quincy (AdamsCo) (likelybreeding),2Aug (PJR,PRn);Hardin (CalhounCo) (3), 3 Jun (MSS);Alton (MadisonCo), 25 Jun(J.Stahl,DP);HL,29Jul (FRH);NewAthens (St.ClairCo) (2;ad♀

& imm), 7 Jun (TJD);GrandTower (JacksonCo) (2), 14Jun (DMK); Heron Pond NP (Johnson Co) (pr), 25 Jun(MPW); Jonesboro (Union Co), 26 Jun (MPW); HickoryBtms, Cypress CreekNWR (UnionCo) (pr& single bird@ 2 locations), 13 Jun (MPW); Dixon Springs SP (PopeCo)(2pr),25Jun(MPW);Thebes(AlexanderCo)(pr),25Jun (MPW); BigMuddyR@ Larue-Pine Hills EcologicalArea(UnionCo/JacksonCos)(pr),25Jun(MPW);CRSNA

(MichaelWollfWet),18,24Jun&5,21Jul(MMLetal.);UnionCoCA(UnionCo),25Jun(MPW);Mounds(PulaskiCo)(pr&3rdad),25Jun(MPW);Cairo(AlexanderCo),26Jun(MPW);Ft.MassacSP(MassacCo),16Jul(DL).Bald EagleBreeding: Freeport (Stephenson Co) (pr@ nest), 1 Feb – 7Apr, w/pr feedingyg24Mar (DTW);Durand (WinnebagoCo) (pr@nest),1 Feb – 7Apr (DTW);Byron (OgleCo) (pr@ nest), 1 Feb - 7Apr(DTW);BonusTwp (BooneCo) (pr@ nest), 1 Feb - 7Apr (DTW);Mooseheart(BataviaTwp,KaneCo)(adprinnewnest&addingnestliningmaterialtoinsideofnest),12Feb&13Mar(CMn&RDn:ph);Palos (TampierLNo.FP) (newnest fledgedoneyg),17Mar–3Aug(WJM,SA, JG:ph, et al.:ph);DaytonTwp (FoxR,LaSalleCo) (pr@nest), 19May (WL); StarvedRock (pr@& incubating in nest), 9-11Mar(SDB,SLD);PapineauTwp(IroquoisCo)(pr@nest),23Mar&(nestfledged1ygbyatleast24May)(GRS:ph);Chau(only2of5nestsactivethisseason)(RGB,SNB);MiddleforkRiverFP(ChampaignCo)(nestw/yg), season (EJC);RiverBend (nest building), 25Apr (CKA);Salt ForkR (VanceTwp,VermilionCo) (pr&nest in lg sycamorew/onelgyg),5Jun(JOS:ph).4thcountynest,allalongtributariesoftheVermilionRiver(SDB);QuincyBay(AdamsCo)(pr@nestw/2yg),11Jun(likelyfledged15Jun)(AGD);LSpfld(MarinePt.)(pr@nestw/2yg,2May,butthenonly1juv,12Jun)(HDB);HorseshoeLSFWA(AlexanderCo)(prw/oneadonnest),25Mar(KAM);Statewideaerialsurveyslocated156activeneststhroughoutthestatebetweenlateMarch–earlyMay(AY).MC:6&5,HennepinL,1Jul&14Junresp(TH).Others:AppleRCanyonSP(JoDaviessCo),26Jul(SP);NygrenWet(2;1-1st,1-4thyr),14Jul(DTW);GlacialPk&MoraineHills,1Jun(MD);MissPalis, 6 Jul (BDn);NelsonL (pr ad), 2 Jun – 26 Jul (MM,ASA,SFetal.);Fermi,7Jun&10,23&29Jul(DS,MM);Baker’sL(CookCo)(imm),4Jul(CLW,GAW);McGinnis,22Jun&26Jul(CH&MDresp);GLPSNA,17Jun(ASA);BraidwoodL,5Jul(JBH);LomaxTwp(Henderson Co) (ad & 3 imm flying; possible family group), 27 Jul(LLH); EvergreenL (McLean&WoodfordCos) (ad), 28 Jun& 8 Jul(DTW&ASAresp);Emiquon(2&ad),3Jun&28Jul(JIE&KAMresp);ClintonL,3Jul(MJW);SangchrisSP(SangamonCo)(ad),2Jun(HDB);PereMarquetteSP(JerseyCo),22Jun(DMK,MSS);HL,3Jun&29Jul(FRH);RendL(imm),21-23Jul(TJD,DMK,MSS);MermetL,11Jul(TM).Northern HarrierBreeding:GLPSNA(5inclcallingprw/3imm),1Jul(BC);PrRdg-M(pr apparently nesting), thru Jun (CLH).MC: 5, see above.Others:SugarRFP(WinnebagoCo),1Jun(JRy);Pratt’sWW(2),4Jun(LA);John J.Duffy FP (CookCo) (imm), 5 Jun (AFS);Midewin (2& 1),2 & 9 Jun (SZ & AFS, JB resp); Blue Ridge Twp (Piatt Co) (♀),

Adult Bald Eagle at nest. Aroma Park, Iroquois County. 18 March 2012. Photo by Gary Soper.

Left: Immature Bald Eagle at nest. Vance Township, Vermilion County. 5 June 2012. Photo by James O. Smith.

Osprey adult with three young at nest. Carlyle Lake, Clinton County. 13 July 2012. Photo by Dan Kassebaum.

Volume 22, Number 1 21

PhotoGallery:

Summer Color

Black-bellied Whistling-Duck. Springfield, Sangamon County. 26 July 2012. Photo by H. David Bohlen, Illinois State Museum

Great Blue Heron eating a siren.

Heron County Park, Vermilion County.

14 June 2012. Photo by

Jessica Runner.

Sirens had not been documented for

Vermilion County before this photo-graph was taken.

Blue Grosbeak with food for young. O’Brien Lock and Dam, Cook County. 28 July 2012. Photo by Bill Reichert.

Yellow-breasted Chat. Goose Lake Prairie

State Natural Area, Grundy

County. 10 June 2012. Photo by

Don Blecha.

Summer Tanager. Tamalco Boat Ramp, Carlyle Lake,

Bond County. 15 July 2012. Photo by Dan Kassebaum.

22 Meadowlark

Photo Gallery:

Nesting Behavior

Barn Swallows copulating. Aurora, Kane County. 22 May 2012. Photo by Jackie Bowman.

Bald Eagle young in nest. Mooseheart, Kane County. 29 April 2012.

Photo by Ron Dickenson.Eastern Meadowlark with food for young. Rollins Savanna, Lake County. 23 June 2012. Photo by Craig Thayer.

Eastern Kingbird adult feeding berry to young. Heritage Park, Champaign, Champaign County. 12 August 2012. Photo by Joel Tucker.

Juvenile Loggerhead Shrike. Mazonia-Braidwood

State Fish and Wildlife Area, Kankakee County. 13 June 2012.

Photo by Don Blecha.

Volume 22, Number 1 23

Great Horned Owl young. Fabyan Forest Preserve, Kane County. 5 May 2012. Photo by Jackie Bowman.

Adult Pine Warbler feeding young. Crab Orchard

National Wildlife Refuge, Williamson County.

24 April 2012. Photo by Jackie Bowman.

Killdeer exhibiting distraction behavior. Montrose, Chicago, Cook County. 11 May 2012. Photo by Jackie Bowman.

Bobolink with food for young. Rollins Savanna, Lake County. 23 June 2012. Photo by Craig Thayer.

Juvenile Eastern Bluebird. Rock Cut State Park, Winnebago County.

30 May 2012. Photo by

Jackie Bowman.

24 Meadowlark

Ruby-throated Hummingbird. Lake Forest, Lake County. 21 July 2012. Photo by Bob Noble.

Yellow-crowned Night-Heron eating a crayfish. Wilmington, Will County. 9 July 2012. Photo by Don Blecha.

Male Bobolink. Johnson’s Mound Nature Preserve, Kane County. 30 May 2012.

Photo by Jackie Bowman.

Prairie Warbler. Mazonia-Braidwood

State Fish and Wildlife Area, Kankakee

County. 2 June 2012. Photo by Don Blecha.

Orchard Oriole. Grundy County.

28 May 2012.Photo by

Don Blecha.

PhotoGallery:

Summer Color

Volume 22, Number 1 25

years), 24 Jul (EL); Grant Wds FP (No. Unit) (2), 20 Jun (BJS);GrunwaldFarmsFamilyFP(KaneCo),3Jul(RMr,MM);DeerGroveFP (CookCo),4 Jul (CLW,GAW);NoP,17 Jul (JIN);CentennialTrl(DuPageCo),12 Jun (JAS);WaterfallGlenFP (DuPageCo),9&22Jun(WSS&CHresp);SaltCrkFP(CookCo),15Jun&29Jul(DFS);McClaughry Springs (Palos), 16 Jun (GAW,CLW); SwallowCliff, 27Jun(AFS);SaganashkeeSl(CookCo),9Jun(DFS);StarvedRock,17Jun(NBr);MatthiessenSP(LaSalleCo),13Jul(BC);McCunePra,25Jun(DTW);Bloomington(StateFarmPk,McLeanCo),17Jun(BG);Spfld(WashingtonPk)(ad,possiblynesting),23Jun&14Jul(HDB);Pere Marquette SP (Jersey Co), 22 Jun (DMK, MSS); Foster Twp(MadisonCo),23Jun(JnS);KLMSNA,27Jun(C&PD);WhiteRockNP(MonroeCo),17Jul(C&PD);CedarCrkBBC(2),30May(RSR);BellSmithSprings(SNF,PopeCo),6Jul(TV);Thebes(AlexanderCo),26Jun(CLH);Fayville(AlexanderCo),14Jun(DMK);MermetL,11Jul(TM).Swainson’s HawkBreeding:BurlingtonTwp(KaneCo)(princl♂deliveringpreyitemto♀whoflewbacktowoods[&nest?]withprey),26Jun(SDBetal.). Red-tailed HawkBreeding: Pecatonica (Winnebago Co) (pr@ nest, 22 Feb – 5Apr)(DTW);BuffaloGrove(LakeCo)(ad@nestincelltower),1Jul(GHh);DundeeTwp (KaneCo) (pr in nest), 11 Jun (CM:ph);Dundee (KaneCo)(adonnestonlgconcretestructurew/good-sized,downywhiteyg),23May(CM:ph),w/ygstill innest thru12Jun(CM:ph);AuroraTwp(KaneCo)(ad@nestw/2lgyginbackyard),24May(KF);Mooseheart(Batavia Twp, Kane Co) (ad@ nest w/2 lg, downy, white yg), 8-21May(RDn:ph),&(fledgingfromnest),27May(RDn:ph);SpringbrookGC(DuPageCo)(pr@nestw/oneyg),Apr-Jun,ygfledgedmid-Jun(JAS);179th/CentralFP(CookCo)(5inclpr&2juv),28Jul(ABA);Chi(RosehillCem)(2juvinnest),4-11Jun,(w/juvfledging),12-13Jun(MD);Vollmer(CookCo)(adfeedingyginnestonhighwayoverpasssign),22Apr(EWW);LCal(incubatingadonnestinlastyear’sOspreynestoncelltoweronCargillprop),30Mar(WJM);LCal(CalumetWaterReclamationPlant)(incubatingadonnest),19Mar(WJM);LCal(nearHegewischM)(incubatingadonnest),7Apr(WJM).MC:7,Midewin,23Jun(GAW,COS);7,Milford_,14Jun(SDB);7,Dudleyville_,3Jun(DMK); 6,Rckfd, 31 Jul (BS); 6 (incl pr& 2 juv),BusseNP (CookCo),7Jul (ABA);6,CarlL-C,1&14Jul (DMK);5,McHenry,11Jun(KAM);5,Kane,7Jul(JASetal.);5,MArb,1Jun(JnS);5(incl2juv),Chi(RosehillCem),4Jun(MD);5,Sang,17Jun(HDB).Other:BuffaloGrove/LongGrove (LakeCo) (leucistic, allwhite except for red tail;presentinareafor5+years),7Jun–3Aug+(C&GH:ph).BLACK RAILPrRdg-J,20Jun(RES).King RailEmiquon,6Jun(KBR);HL,18Jun(GH);MermetL,17Jun(SZ).Virginia RailBreeding:RollinsSav(ad&juvs),9Jun&29Jun,13Jul(BJS,DRD

24 Jun (MPW); Carl-B (♂), 23Jul (KAM); CarlL-F (ad ♂), 25Jul (DMK); PrRdg-J (pr calling,aggressive & territorial thruseason) (CLH); PrRdg-J (2-3other♀inseparateareas),20Jun& 25 & 26 Jul (CLH); CarlL-C(Whitetail Access) (2), 22 Jul(YJ); Wheatfield Twp (ClintonCo) (ad ♀), 19 Jun (DMK);PrRdg-M (Bartel Tract) (♂), 4 Jun (CLH);Clay (♀), 20 Jun (CLH);BaileyWetland(DeckerTwp,RichlandCo)(♀),23Jun(CLH).Note: This species beginsmigrating/wandering in early Jul, probablyafterfailednestingattempts.Sharp-shinned HawkVoloBog,7Jul(JIE,EG);Richland,28Jun(CLH).Cooper’s HawkBreeding:Pecatonica(WinnebagoCo)(princourtshipdisplayflight),2Apr (DTW);Rckfd (WinnebagoCo) (pr@BloomSchool), 20 Jun(DTW); Zion (Lake Co) (nest building on 16 May, w/2 fledglingsnearnest22Jul(EWW);Bannockburn(LakeCo)(adcarryingfoodtonearbynestsite),26Jun(EWW);Aurora(KaneCo)(prcopnearnest,&♂giving♀abirdprey),30Mar(SW);OakPark(CookCo)(ad@nestw/3downyyg),3-7Jun,but4nestlings21Junw/fledgingbetween21-26 Jun (EDG:ph); Chi (Hyde Park) (brood of 4 yg), Jul (MWr etal.);ThomasWds(FordCo)(nest),3May(EWW);Champaign(UofIQuad)(♀flewontonest),19Apr(RK);Sang(juv),3Jul(HDB).MC:4,Sang,4Jun(HDB);3,Fermi,23Jun(DS);3,Chi(DouglasPk),21Jul (EDG).Others: Knollwood (Lake Co) (ad), 15 Jun (EWW); Chi(ColumbusPk)(chasedajuvBCNH),31Jul(EDG);Kankakee,8Jun(KAM);ESTL,7Jul(KAM);McDonough,28Jul(KAM);CarlL-F,29Jul(DMK);HL,28Jun(DMK);Belleville(St.ClairCo),22,28Jun&29 Jul (DMK,MSS);Shiloh (St.ClairCo), 15 Jun (KAM);O’Fallon(St.ClairCo),29Jun(KAM);Clinton,8Jun(KAM);CarlL-C,14Jul(DMK);LeveeRd(MonroeCo),23Jun(DMK);RendL(WardBranch)(ad), 5 Jul (TJD); Numerous other encounters of 1-2 birds from 33Illinoiscountiesthroughoutthestate.Red-shouldered HawkBreeding:CottonHillTwp(SangamonCo)(juv),17Jul(HDB);Spfld(RiversidePk)(nestinsycamorew/2nestlings),30May–12Jun(TLk);FlagPondL&WPr(ClayCo)(adw/2yg),21Jun(CLH);MRB(prw/2juvs), 3 Jun – 11 Jul (C&PD).Others:RockCut, 14 Jun (JV);NorthBranchCA(McHenryCo),9Jun(PWS);Pratt’sWW(2),1Jun(SRo);MArb(chasedbyBlueJays),12Jun(GD);PaulDouglas,18&26Jun(SWS);SaltCrk(1-2),3Jun–29Jul(DFS);JP,28Jul&11Aug(RLS&PADetal.resp);Geneseo(HenryCo),29Jun(SH);DPCA(WillCo),30 Jun (DFS); MomenceWet, 16 Jun (RDH); Peoria (Chartwell Pk,PeoriaCo),8Jul (EC);Dewitt (DewittCo),29Jul (EW);AllertonPk(PiattCo)(2),24Jun(TAM);RiversidePk,Spfld(2ad),9Jun(HDB);RochesterTwp(SangamonCo),31Jul(HDB);CottonHillTwp(Sang)(juv),17Jul(HDB);Dudleyville_,3Jun(DMK);CarlL-C(2),19Jun(DMK); Fayville (Alexander Co) (2), 14 Jun (DMK); MermetL (2),17-18Jun(SZ). Broad-winged HawkBreeding: McKinleyWds FP (Will Co) (ad w/2 juv), 28 Jul (DFS).Others:RockCut (2),3 Jun (DTW);Rckfd (pr@BloomSchool),20Junbut4adthere,22Jun(DTW);Rckfd(notBloomSchoolarea),4Jul(DTW);Kinnikinnick, 24 Jun (DTW);MarengoRidgeCA (McHenryCo),2Jun(D&MC);Mundelein(LakeCo)(ad;seenhere inprevious

Juvenile Red-tailed Hawks at nest. Mooseheart, Kane

County. 17 May 2012. Photo by Ron Dickenson.

Far right: Red-tailed Hawk and young. Dundee, Kane

County. 11 June 2012. Photo by Chris Mussachio.

26 Meadowlark

etal.&BJS resp);MidSav (3ad,2 juv&5-6downyyg),24Jun(AFS,RE);LCal (BurnhamPra) (callingad),4Jun(WJM,SBB).MC:13callingbirdsfrom5marshes,Lake&McHenry,29May–11Jun(SDB);7,MidSav,30Jun(BN).Others: Milan Twp (DeKalb Co), 7 Jun (SDB); NelsonL,14Jul(AM);HarvesterPk(DuPageCo)(2callingbirdsonterritory),23May(SDB).Note: River Forest (Cook Co) (ad running around in yard& driveway & perching on fence of suburban, residentialneighborhood), 12 Jun (JSA). Drought related dispersalmovement? Much fewer reports than normal for thiscommonnortheasternIllinoisbreeder.SoraBreeding:MidSav(adw/2-3small,downychicks),14Jun&6juv,30Jun(AR).Others:AlmondM,2Jul(SDB);AftonFP(DeKalbCo),28-29Jul(NBr,ASA);PingreeGrove(KaneCo),2Jun(fideSDB);SpringCrkFP(CookCo),4Jun(WP);I&MCanal,UticaTwp(LaSalleCo),13Jul(BC);PrRdg-J,31 Jul (RES); PrRdg-M (Karl Bartel Sanctuary), 11 Jun(JWW).NoreportsofhighcountsandfewreportsofyoungforthiscommonnortheasternIllinoismarsh-breedingspecies.Purple GallinuleNoreports.Common GallinuleBreeding:Antioch(LakeCo)(adw/15juv),17Jul (BJS);Pratt’sWW(prw/3juv),23Jul(GP);LCal(IndianRidgeM)(prw/5downyyg),4Aug(SBB,WJM,CAM).MC:16,AntiochTwp(LakeCo),17Jul(BJS).Others:RedwingSlSNA(LakeCo)(2),2Jun(BJS);AlmondM,14Jun(BJS);PingreeGrove(KaneCo)(ad),7Jun(SDB);PaulDouglas(2),22Jun(SWS);HennepinL,23Jun(AFS,RE,APS);Emiquon(2ad),3Jun(JIE);HL,3-30Jun(FRH,GH:ph).American CootBreeding: Oswego (Kendall Co) (4 ad, 3 imm), 31 Jul (ASA).MC:200&100,Emiquon, 3 Jun&4 Jul (JIE&TAM resp); 25,Chau, 4Jul(CD);14,HL,30Jun(JMe);14(w/1 thru14Jul),CarlL-C,1Jun(DMK);12(ads),PingreeGrove(KaneCo),7Jun(SDB);12,HL,30Jun (DMK); 11,LCal (HarborsideGC), 2 Jun (WJM); 10,GlacialPk,4 Jun (DTW); 10,LaSalleL, 21 Jul (BC); 9,AlmondM, 2 Jun (NM);7,HennepinL,19Jul(DH);6,LSpfld,2Junbut1-2,4-16Jul(HDB).Others:Rckfd(RockR),23Jun(DTW);MidSav(w/injuredleg),24Jun(AFS,RE);Pratt’sWW(4);25Jul(GP);PaulDouglas(4),22Jun(SWS);LCal(Egger’sWdsFP)(4),2Jun(JIE,NRG);LCal(WolfL)(4),18Jun&14Jul(WJM);McKinleyWdsFP(WillCo)(4),28Jul(ASA,SZ);Romeoville(WillCo)(4),28Jul(LM);PeacockM(WillCo)(3),4Jun(ASA);TwoRivers(2),22Jun(DMK,MSS).

Sandhill CraneBreeding:DucksMiserySwamp(HarlemTwp,StephensonCo)(adonnest),14Apr(ASt:ph);PecatonicaTwp(WinnebagoCo)(pr@nest,inclincubatingad),2Apr(DTW);PecatonicaWetFP(WinnebagoCo)(pr@nest,inclincubatingad),4Apr,w/pr&colt18Jun(DTW);NygrenWet(pr w/nest, later failed), May (DTW); Cotton CrkM NP (McHenryCo) (prw/colt),3Jul (SDB); IBSP(No.Unit) (pr&½-growncolt)),17 Jun (AFS); Libertyville (LakeCo) (prw/juvwalking across busy,paved, town rd), 23& 26 Jun (BSr&MC resp); UMRNWR (pr w/colt),19May&3Jun(EWW&JIEresp);CamptonTwp(KaneCo)(prlikelynesting),27May(BBr);Elburn(KaneCo)(prw/2downycolts),17 Jun (BLe:ph);NorthAurora (KaneCo) (prw/2 juv), 3 Jun (KL);MiddleforkFP (ChampaignCo) (pr), Jun (EJC);HeronCP (prnestedfor 3rd consecutive year at this, their southernmost Illinois location,and fledgedonecolt) (JRetal.). MC:27 (12pr,2 juv&1colt),@6lgLake&McHenry(espMoraineHillsSP)marshes,9Jun–11Jul(SDB); 8, Sugar Grove Twp (Kane Co) (feeding in harvested wheat

field), 16 Jul (fide JHn); 7, NygrenWet, 9 Jun(MD); 6, Cary (McHenryCo), 2 Jul (SPH); 6,CamptonFP(KaneCo),30May&7Jun(ABH);5, GlacialPk, 4 Jun (DTW, BCW). Others:North Branch CA (McHenry Co) (2), 10 Jun(AK); COLSP (3), 22 Jun (BJS);AntiochTwp(Lake Co) (4), 17 Jul (BJS); VoloBog (4), 24Jun (B. Fotland);RollinsSav (4), 22 Jul (BJS);IBSP (No. Unit) (2), 3 Jun (AFS, RE); IBSP(DeadR)(pr),9Jun(SGn,AFSetal.);L&D13(WhitesideCo)(pr),19May-8Jul(EWW,MT,SZ); Fulton (Whiteside Co) (ad on territory),19May (EWW);PalatineM(CookCo),20 Jun(AFS); Spring Crk Headwaters FP (Cook Co),7Jun(JV);BergmanSl(Palos)(2),14Jun(RLSetal.);McGinnis(pr),24May(ASA);Midewin(pr.; attempting to breed here?), 9 Jun (JB);HennepinL (2),20 Jul (DFS). Numerousothersightings of 1-2 birds in several ne. IllinoiscountiesinJun&Jul.Black-necked StiltBreeding: 17 ad & 2 nests (one w/4 eggs),Emiquon, 8 Jun (LLH:ph), & (pr w/4 downychicks there), 22 Jun (JIE). MC: 91+ (ad +juvs), Emiquon (ThompsonL), 8 Jul (DTW);9, Chau, 28 Jul (JJD,ASA, SZ); 7,MeredosiaNWR (MorganCo), 31 Jul (TAM). Others:WhispWil (3), 26-29 Jun (JBH) Early fall

migrant?; Sanganois CA (Cass/Mason Cos), 28 Jul (KAM); ESTL(SaugetM),8Jun(RF).American Golden-PloverNBSO:NygrenWet(ad♂inaltplum;possiblewinginjury),16Jun–4Jul(DTW,BCW);Kankakee(basicplum),26-29Jun(JBH);VersaillesTwp(BrownCo),17Jun(TD).Comingorgoing?Semipalmated PloverNBSO:Montrose,21Jun(RDH).Comingorgoing?KilldeerBreeding:GrunwaldFarmsFamilyFP(KaneCo)(adw/3chicks),3Jul(RMr,MM);Bushnell(McDonoughCo)(nestw/4eggs),26Mar(LLH);Flanagan (Livingston Co) (ad on nest w/4 eggs), 19 May (BM:ph);CampDrake(Oakwood,VermilionCo) (ad@nestw/4eggs),23Apr(SSh). MC: 900,HL, 15 Jul (GH); 900,CarlL-B (TamalcoAccess),23 Jul (TAM, KAM); 800, CarlL-F, 1-29 Jul (DMK); 600, Chau, 4Jul (CD);600,SanganoisCA(Cass/MasonCos),28 Jul (KAM);400,TwoRivers,22Jun(DMK,MSS);400&200,CarlL-C,15,26Jul&20Junresp(DMK);400,RendL,30Jun(DMK,MSS);370,ClearL(MasonCo),13Jul (RGB,SNB);325,ClintonL,30Jul (TH);275,RiceLCA(Fulton Co), 28 Jul (TH, DHr); 230, WhispWil, 7 Jul (JBH); 204,Sportsman’sPk(Decatur,MaconCo),30Jul(TAM);200,Emiquon,28Jul(KAM);155,IllinoisRWidewaters(LaSalleCo),29Jun(BC);150,FayettevilleTwp(St.ClairTwp),24Jun(TJD);145,CarsonSl,21Jul(SF);138,Momencesodfarm(KankakeeCo),28Jul(CAT);128,Sang,30Jul(HDB);125,VernonHills(LakeCo),25Jul(BJS);120,NelsonL,

Common Gallinule. Horseshoe Lake State Park, Madison County. 30 June 2012. Photo by Glen Hawley.

Sandhill Crane colts. Elburn, Kane County.

17 June 2012. Photo by Brendon Lake.

Volume 22, Number 1 27

26Jul(SF);120,WhalonLFP(WillCo),16Jul(JAS);112,Duntemansodfarm(KaneCo),29Jul(ASA).Spotted SandpiperBreeding:AlmondM (pr likely nesting), 2 Jul (SDB);Montrose(8 incl2downychicks),13Jul(DKA,MD);JP (3or4broodsof8+ygw/9birdsnotedon31 Jul)(PRC); LCal (HegewischM) (ad w/lg, downy yg), 24Jun(WJM);Emiquon(2prw/5ygeach),21Jun(CD);RiverBend (ad w/fledgling), Jun (CKA); LSpfld (adw/downy chick), 5 Jul (HDB). MC: 23,Chau, 13 Jul(RGB,SNB); 16,CarsonSl, 12 Jul (SF); 15,Emiquon,28Jul(KAM);15,RendL(WardBranch),30Jul(KAM);14, see above; 13, COLSP (GrassL), 7 Jul (BJS); 13,Lake Co Fairgrounds, 3 Jul (BJS); 13, NelsonL, 21Jul (SF);13,McLean,7 Jun (LAn);12,RollinsSav,13Jul (BJS); 10,Hoover FP (Kendall Co), 1 Jul (WH); 10 (incl 5 juv),WhispWil,7Jul(JBH);10,RiceLCA(FultonCo),22Jul(TH,MJW);9, JP see above; 9,DelMontePonds (Mendota,LaSalleCo), 22 Jul(BC);10&8,SugarGrove (KaneCo),12 Jul&5 Jun (SF,ATB);8,BooneCrkCA(McHenryCo),11Jul(D&MC);8,GreeneVal,25Jun(AFS);8,Montroseseeabove;7,OrlandPark(CookCo),15Jul(DFS);7(inclafewjuv),LCal(DeadstickPond),15Jul(JIE);7,Sportsman’sPk (Decatur, Macon Co), 24-28 Jul (TAM); 6, Fermi, 26 Jul (JLe);6,WhalonL FP (Will Co), 16 Jul (JAS); 6,Midewin, 2 Jun (SZ); 6,WoodfordCoCA,10Jul(TH);6,Chau,28Jul(ASA);5,NygrenWet,14Jul(ATB);5,DeerGroveFP(CookCo),25Jun(MHe).Solitary SandpiperNBSO:MomenceWet,15Jun(JBH).Comingorgoing?Upland SandpiperBreeding:M&MSodFarm,GridleyTwp(McLeanCo)(prw/3downyyg),17Jun(APS);CheneysGroveTwp(McLeanCo)(activenestbutultimatelypredated),Jun(MPW);SanJose(LoganCo)(adw/yg),15Jul(EWW:ph);WillardApt(ChampaignCo)(2pr,incloneprw/yg),earlyJun–Jul(MPW);MonticelloRd.FS(ChampaignCo)(prw/fledglings26May(EJC)&(prw/3rdad),earlyJun(MPW).MC:11,M&Msodfarm,GridleyTwp(McLeanCo)(incl♪♂s),1Jul(ASA,FRM),w/birdsnotedhere30Jun–9Jul (m.ob.);7 (breeding inprimarilyag fields),TroyGrove_,16-23Jun(JAS,BC);6&2,ClaytonTwp(WoodfordCo),10Jul&6Junresp(TH).Others:MillCrk_,7Jun(DTW);Momence(KankakeeCo), 28 Jul (DBa:ph); Pontiac_ (2), 3 Jul (VMK); IndianGroveTwp(LivingstonCo)(perched&callinginsoybeanfield),7Jul(FS:ph);Double-TSFWA(FultonCo)(3),13Jul(JWL);Waynesville_(2),22Jun(VMK);BellflowerTwp(McLeanCo)(pr&singlebirdsin2no-tillsoybeanfields),24Jun(MPW);PrairieGreenTwp(IroquoisCo)(2♪♂overmostlysoybeanfields),14Jun(SDB);USRt.136(LoganCo)(soybeanfield),30Jun&(ad&juv)8Jul(SZ&EWresp);SouthFarms(ChampaignCo),8Jun(RK:ph);PrRdg-J(2),12Jun&26Jul(JWW&CLHresp).

White-rumped SandpiperNBSO:SpunkyBtmsPr (BrownCo) (5), 22 Jun (TW,CD).Comingorgoing?Pectoral SandpiperNBSO: 19Jun,CarlL-F(DMK).Comingorgoing?Wilson’s Snipe Breeding:SpringBluffFP(LakeCo)(givingcourtshipdisplays), 2 May – 23 Jun (EWW & MW). Known,longtime breeding location.Other: GLPSNA, 30 Jun(AFS,RE).Annualbreedingsite…butearlymigrant?American WoodcockBreeding: SeversonDellsFP (WinnebagoCo) (adw/2chicks), 27Apr (DMr); IBSP (5 territories), 2May&(3fledglings),17May(EWW);BuseyWds(fledgedyg),1Jun(EJC);I-255&ILRt143cloverleaf,grassyarea(WoodRiverTwp,MadisonCo)(familygroupof3;ad&juvs),24May(SDB);Belknap(JohnsonCo)(adw/2

chicks), 19May (DTW, BCW, IOS). Others: Nunda Twp (McHenryCo),25Jun(SDB);MoraineHills,10Jun(JAS);IBSP(SandPond)(2),5Jun(BJS);DanWrightWdsFP(LakeCo)(2),13Jun(DRD);AftonFP(DeKalbCo),3Jun(ASA);GreeneVal(2),15Jun(MAM);SpringCrkFP(CookCo),21Jun(JBy);Chi(RosehillCem)(2),12Jun(MD);DPCA(WillCo) (2),14Jul (DFS);EvergreenL(WoodfordCo),5Jul(TH);FarmdaleRA(TazewellCo),24Jul(DHr);Chau(2),4Jul(CD);ClintonL,1Jul(MJW);CRSNA,21Jul(MML).Wilson’s PhalaropeMontrose (♂), 3 Jun (JPn:ph); Emiquon, 21 Jun (CD,TW). Possiblebreedingorearlymigrant?Bonaparte’s GullNBSO: COLSP, 15 Jul (BJS, FRM); LaSalleL (3), 28 Jul (BC);Emiquon,22Jun(TW,CD);CarlL-C,3Jun(DMK).Laughing GullCalumetPk(CookCo)(3rdcycle),28Jul(AAA:ph).NBSO:Montrose(2ndor3rdcycle),2Jul(RDH);BraidwoodL(altplumad),19Jun&5Jul(JBH:ph);LSpfld(1&3ads),23&24Junresp(HDB);CarlL-C(3,2ad&2ndcycle),20Jun(DMK),w/oneadonseveraldates,30Jun–26Jul(DMK&MSS);TwoRivers(ad),22Jun(DMK,MSS).Other:HybridLaughingXRing-billedGull,CalumetPk(CookCo)(ad),6Jul(AAA).(FemalepairedupwithmaleRing-billedGullwhichhasbeenreturningforseveralyearstothesamearea).Franklin’s GullNBSO:PelicanI(CarrollCo)(ad),27Jun(SJDetal.);Emiquon(8&1),4Jun&26Junresp(KBR);Chau,26Jun(ad)&28Jul (KBR&JJDresp);LSpfld(3),2-4Jun&(1),21-24Jun&(1),31Jul (HDB);CarlL-C (ad), 27 Jun (DMK); HL (ad), 8 Jul (DMK); RendL (WardBranch),29-30Jul(KAM).Ring-billed GullBreeding:PelicanI(CarrollCo)(550ad,79chicks&26nestsw/eggs),27Jun(SJDetal.);Chi(NavyPier)(flightlessjuvs),23Jun(TS).MC:1741, Chau, 13 Jul (RGB, SNB); 800, Carll-C, 26 Jul (DMK); 650,RendL (Ward Branch), 30 Jul (KAM). Only 80 present here 30 Jun(DMK);422,Montrose,28Jun(AAA);425,Emiquon,28Jul(KAM);650, LCal (O’Brien L&D), 2 Jun (WJM); 500, COLSP, 29 Jul (BJS,MMC); 480,DPCA (Will Co), 14 Jul (DFS); 422, JP (RainbowB), 8Jul (GAW); 400, Sanganois CA (Cass/Mason Cos), 28 Jul (KAM);350, BraidwoodL, 8 Jul (JBH); 331,Wauk, 23 Jul (AS); 325, IBSP(No.Unit), 22 Jun (REP); 265,LaSalleL, 28 Jul (BC); 220, IllinoisRWidewaters (LaSalleCo), 18 Jul (BC); 140,Midewin, 23 Jun (JAS);130,Chau,28Jul(JJDetal.).Others:TinleyPark(CookCo)(1stjuvnoted16 Jun) (AAA);WhispWil (34), 23 Jun (JBH);LSpfld (10-60),thru Jun (HDB); Sportsman’s Pk (LDecatur,Macon Co) (67), 19 Jul(MTn);TwoRivers(4),22Jun(DMK,MSS);HL(40),30Jun(DMK);CarlL-C (16-60), 1-20 Jun, w/migrants arriving by 25 Jun (DMK);EForkL(2),23Jun(CLH).Herring GullBreeding: Pelican I (Carroll Co) (2 ad w/half-grown chick), 27 Jun(SJD et al.). Likely the 1st nest ever found in Illinois outside of theChicagoland area! MC: 54, Wauk (many juvs), 23 Jul (AS); 54,Montrose, 20 Jul (GAW); 13, IBSP (So.Unit), 25 Jul (REP).Others:

Black-necked Stilt nest with eggs. Emiquon Preserve, Fulton County. 8 June 2012. Photo by Larry Hood.

Upland Sandpiper. Momence, Kankakee County. 28 July 2012. Photo by Don Blecha.

28 Meadowlark

Rckfd (RockR) (2 ad), 23 Jun – 12 Jul(DTW);FabyanFP(KaneCo),13&22Jun(SF);Fermi(5),7Jul(DLt);LaSalleL(4),17Jun (BC); Emiquon (1& 2), 3, 22 Jun& 8Jul (JIE&DTW resp); LSpfld (ad), 22 Jun(HDB).EA:29Jul(ad),CarlL-C(DMK).Lesser Black-backed GullChi (Monroe H), 24 Jul (DFS). This is the6thyearrunning(&8thoflast9years)forasummerrecordofthisspeciesinIllinois,withallbutonerecordfromtheCookorLakeColakefront.Thefirstsummer(Jun/Jul) recordsfor this species began in 1993. Virtually allrecords are of < 3 year-old birds precludingthatthis4-yrgullhasbredinthestate.Least TernBreeding: Cowling (WabashR,Wabash Co)(60-70 incl ad& yg), 22 Jul (CLH). Thesebirdsareverylikelyfromthenestingcolonyon the Indiana side (just across theWabashRiver), at the Gibson County Power Plant.MC: 60-70, see above; 10-12, Cowling(WabashR,WabashCo),1Jun,but25+thereon 13 & 20 Jul (CLH); 10, Grand Tower(Jackson Co), 14 Jun (DMK). Others: Emiquon, 29-30 Jun (KBR,SZ);LSpfld(ads),3&10Jun(HDB),latterbirdchasedoffbyPEFA;MauvaiseTerreL(Jacksonville,MorganCo),28Jun(CD);MeredosiaL(MorganCo),27Jul(KBR);Grayville(WhiteCo)(3ad),1Jun(CLH);RendL(WardBranch)(ads),27Jun-5Julw/2thereon5th(CLH,TJDetal.);EasterSl(PulaskiCo)(4),9Jun(VM);MermetL,11&17Jun(EG&SZresp).Caspian TernBreeding:Chi (nest colonyon rooftop atChiR&LMichigannext toNavy Pier w/ ~ 125 pr w/chicks almost fully grown), 27 Jun (SJH).Occasionallyadsseenbringinggoldfishtofeedchicks!MC:268(incljuvs), Chi (Navy Pier), 23 Jun (TS); 80, LaSalleL, 15 Jul (BC); 79,ChannahonWidewaters (Will Co), 28 Jul (DFS); 43, LSpfld, 28 Jul(HDB);40,COLSP,29 Jul (BJS,MMC);34&6,BraidwoodL,5 Jul& 9 Jun resp (JBH); 26 (incl a cop pr),GLNTC, 14 Jun (DRD); 23,FremontTwp (LakeCo), 12 Jul (AS); 21, EvergreenL (McLeanCo),24 Jul (TH); 20, Orland Park (Cook Co), 27 Jun (AFS); 20, RendL(WardBranch),29Jul(KAM)but4adthere30Jun(DMK);18,LCal(HarborsideGC),6Jul(DFS);16,Fermi,16Jul(SF);16&14,CarlL-C,25-26&14-15Julresp(DMK),but6there3Jun(DMK);14,Baker’sL(Barrington,CookCo),22Jul(GAW);13,SaganashkeeSl(CookCo),12Jul(SZ);12,Emiquon,28Jul(KAM);10,Sportsman’sL(LDecatur,MaconCo),22Jul(MTn);10,RendL,25Jun&28Jul(CLH&TAMresp).Others:LostMound(2),21Jun(DTW);BusseNP(CookCo)(9),7Jul(ABA);HennepinL(7),19Jul(DH);GLPSNA(5),30Jun(AW);LSpfld(presentallJun&Julw/5there3Jun)(HDB);CarlL-C,2Jun(DMK,MSS,KAM).Black TernBreeding:GlacialPk(pr@nest),4&9Jun(DTW,BCW&JBnresp);The only other known remaining nesting locations are atRedwingSlSNA (Lake Co) & ElizabethL (McHenry Co).MC & NBSO: 25 &12,Emiquon,3&21Jun(JIE&CDresp);12,COLSP,15Jul(BJS).Others: ElizabethL (6), 25 Jun (SDB). Longtime, annual breedingcolonyinmarshhere.;EastLoonL(Antioch,LakeCo)(3),1&15Jun(BJS&MMCresp).EA:22Jun,Emiquon(JIE);22Jun&1Jul(ads),LSpfld(HDB);30Jun(ad),RendL(DMK,MSS).Common TernBreeding:GLNTC(nestcolonyonceagainafailureasMay/Junnestinginvolvingupto32ad,13activenestsw/38eggson1Jun[1egghatched7Jun],butfailedtoproduceanyyg.Are-nestbyatleast16adwhichincludedatleast11nestsw/30eggson12Julalsofailedtoproduceanyknown yg. Possible predation or PCB contamination problem) (BSl,DRD). EA: 11 Jul (imm), LSpfld (HDB). Other: RainbowB (CookCo)(adcarryingfishforcourtshipfeeding;possiblyattemptingtonestnearby?),7Jun(AAA:ph);LSpfld,12Jun(HDB).

ARCTIC TERNEmiquon, 25 Jun – 3 Jul (KBR, AG:ph,EG, EDG). Said to be a “straightforwardArctic Tern” by Kenn Kaufman. Foundindependantly&thoughttobeanArcticTernbybothKBR&Gyllenhaals.Forster’s Tern MC: 11, Emiquon, 22 Jun (JIE); 6 & 2,RendL, 30 & 25 Jun (DMK,MSS & CLHresp);4&3,RollinsSav,3&16Junresp(CS);4,LaSalleL,15Jul(BC);4,CarlL-C,3Jun&25-26Jul(DMK).EA:21Jun(8),Emiquon(CD);25Jun(2ad),CarlL-C(DMK,KAM);27 Jun, Montrose (RDH); 25 & 27 Jun (2ad&3 imm resp),CarlL-C (DMK); 30 Jun(6), RendL (MSS); 3 Jul, LSpfld (HDB).All of these records represent migrants orNBSO. Other: Kankakee (Beckman Pk), 7Jun(JBH).

Rock PigeonBreeding:NelsonL(prseennestbuildinginsilo),12Mar(DJS).MC:206,Chi,23Jul(DKA);120,ESTL,6&22Jun(DMK,MSS);30,NoP,3Jun(JIN);30,Chi(HumboldtPk),14Jun(SBB);30,RenwickL(WillCo),25Jul(ASA);26,ElPasosewagelagoon(WoodfordCo),24Jul(TH);25,HennepinL,24Jun(DHr);20,Rckfd(BloomSchool),18Jul(WZ).Eurasian Collared-DoveMC: 15, BraidwoodL, 16 Jul (JBH); 10, Pontiac_, 3 Jul (VMK); 7,Montgomery,11Jun(KAM);6,LaSalle,24Jun(ASA);6,Sang,24Jun(HDB);5,Columbia_,2 Jun (KAM). Others:RockFalls (WhitesideCo) (3), 31 Jul (DH);Compton (LeeCo), 28 Jul (EWW);Somonauk(DeKalbCo),17Jun(DJS);OrlandPark(CookCo),18-19Jun(CH);Arlington (BureauCo), 28 Jul (EWW);Midewin (2), 23 Jun (GAW);Toulon (StarkCo),15Jun–24Jul (JWW);Henry (MarshallCo) (2),16Jun(BC);Minonk(WoodfordCo),9Jul(TH);TableGrove(FultonCo), 29 Jul (KAM);Havana (MasonCo) (3), 8 Jul (ASA);Stillwell_(4),27Jun(VMK);Cass (3),18Jul (KAM);Menard,27Jul (KAM);LMauvaise Terre (Jacksonville, Morgan Co), 28 Jun (CD); Alma &Stevenson Twp (Marion Co) (2), 3 Jun (SDB); St. Morgan_ (2), 3Jun (KAM); Jamestown_,2 Jun (DMK);Dudleyville_,3 Jun (DMK);Fayette,23Jul(KAM);CarlL-C(4),26Jul(DMK);Beaucoup_,1Jun(DMK);LeveeRd(MonroeCo)(2),23Jun(DMK);Randolph(3),20Jun(GH).Mourning DoveBreeding:Nachusa (prw/2 juv), 5 Jun (ABH);Oak Park (CookCo)(ad on nest w/1 fledgling nearby), 18 Jun (EDG); LCal (HarborsideGC)(adonnest),2Jul(WJM);LOWFP(nestbuilding),8May(EJC);MeadbrkPk(nestbuilding),30Mar(EJC);VanceTwp(VermilionCo)(adincubatingonnestw/1egg),5 Mar(JOS);Spfld(newlyhatchedyg),20Aug(RLJ).MC:250,MelroseTwp(AdamsCo),31Jul(AGD);135,Fairbury_,2Jul(VMK);119,Monroe,15Jul(C&PD);119,Pulaski_,8Jun(VMK);97,Belknap_,7Jun(VMK);94,HL,29Jul(FRH);82,CampPoint_, 26 Jun (VMK); 77,WolfRdPraNP (CookCo), 22 Jul(DFS);76,Waynesville_,22Jun(VMK);74,Atkinson_,13Jun(DFS);74,Milford_,14 Jun (SDB);74,Martinsville_,15 Jun (SDB);70,St.Morgan_, 3 Jun (KAM); 68, Stillwell_, 27 Jun (VMK); 62, Sang, 29Jul(HDB);60,AftonFP(DeKalbCo),29Jul(ASA);60,Kell_,3Jun(SDB);58,Tazewell,30Jun(CAT);58,BeaverdamL_,6Jun(VMK);56, EvergreenL (McLeanCo), 24 Jul (TH); 53, LostMoundBBC, 21Jun (DB et al.); 51, Columbia_, 2 Jun (KAM); 45, El Paso sewagelagoons (WoodfordCo),24 Jul (TH);44, Jamestown_,2 Jun (DMK);43,HarverterPk(BurrRidge,DuPageCo),14Jun(LP);40,MArb,15Jul(JSr).Note:“Largenumbersofadultsseenallduringtheperiod(inMcDonoughCo.area),butthenumberofyoungbirdswaslow”(LLH).

Black Tern near nest. Glacial Park, McHenry County. 9 June 2012. Photo by Jackie Bowman.

Volume 22, Number 1 29

Barred OwlBreeding:PlumCrk(fledgling),9Jun(FRM:ph);GLPSNA (downy fledgling), 3 May (DBa:ph);RiverBend (fledgling), 2 May (CKA). MC: 8,Clark, 8 Jun (CAT); 7, Sand Ridge SF (MasonCo),4Jun(LAn);6,OrientBtms(FranklinCo),23May(LWS);4,ICCA,9Jun(GAW,IYBC);3,AppleRCanyonSP(JoDaviessCo),26Jul(SP);3&1,DanWrightWdsFP(LakeCo),3&13Jun(BJS,JSS&DRDresp);3,Toulon(StarkCo),18Jun(JWW);3,SiloamSpr,23Jun(JIE).Others:Sinnissippi Pk (Sterling, Whiteside Co), 7 Jun(DH);GoodenowGroveNP(WillCo)(2),14Jun(WillCoFPD);Sang(3),6Jun&21Jul(HDB);Manyotherreportsof1-2birdsstatewide.

Common NighthawkMC:20(in14territories),Effingham(EffinghamCo),20Jun(SDB);8, Rckfd, 4 Jul (SG); 5, LostMound BBC, 21 Jun (DB et al.); 5,Jacksonville (MorganCo), 2 Jun (NK). Others:Rckfd, 14 Jul (BK);Dixon (LeeCo), 15 Jul (DH); Elgin (JudsonUniv,KaneCo) (4), 20Jun-20Jul(EES);Geneva(KaneCo),26Jun(KF);Aurora(KaneCo),18Jun(SF);Evanston(CookCo),20Jun–7Jul(FRM);DesPlaines(CookCo),7 Jun (ABA);Chi (GracelandCem) (pr),7-24 Jun (CLW,GAW);Homewood(CookCo)(4),21&25Jul(PL);Geneseo(HenryCo)(2),16Jun&10Jul(AM&SHresp);Princeton(BureauCo(2),12&17Jun (DFS); IlliniSP (LaSalleCo),13Jul (BC);BraidwoodL(2),21 Jul (JBH);Kankakee (2),3&23 Jun (JBH);Henry (MarshallCo),16Jun(BC);Minonk(WoodfordCo),3Jun(TH);WhiteOakPk(Bloomington,McLeanCo),14&28Jun (MJW);Champaign (3),24Jun (TKs);Rushville (SchuylerCo),22-23Jun (JIE);Havana (MasonCo),8Jul(ASA);Spfld(only1),3Jun(HDB);GraniteCity(MadisonCo),6Jun(GH);CahokiaMoundsSHS(St.ClairCo)(2),6Jun(DMK);Belleville(St.ClairCo)(4),29Jun(SAC);O’Fallon(St.ClairCo)(3&2),1Jun&1Julresp(KAM);CarlL-C(2),2Jun(DMK).Chuck-will’s-widowMC:8,Hamilton,2Jun(LWS,LAB).4,StephenA.ForbesSP(MarionCo),6Jun(CLH).Other:FerneClyffeSP(2♪♂),9Jun(VMetal.).Eastern Whip-poor-willMC: 30, Sand Ridge SF (Mason Co), 4 Jun (LAn); 27,Franklin &Hamilton,2Jun(LWS);11,ICCA,9Jun(GAW,IYBC).Others:IBSP(So.Unit) (6 ♪♂), 9 Jun (SGn,AFSet al.);LowdenSP (OgleCo), 8Jun(ASA);LowdMil(2),9Jun(ASA);e. Kankakee(3),7Jun(JBH);HutchinsCrkBBC(3♪♂),28May(RSR).

Yellow-billed CuckooMC:9,RomineTwp(MarionCo),20Jun(SDB);7,BigMudWetBBC,27May(RSR);7,Belknap_,7Jun(VMK);6,CedarCrkBBC,30May(RSR);5, Emiquon, 21 Jun (CD); 4, KRSP, 25 Jul(JBH);4,BeaverdamL_,6Jun(VMK).Others:Fall Crk Twp (Adams Co) (3), 12 Jul (AGD);Sanganois CA (Cass/Mason Cos) (2), 28 Jul(KAM);TwoRivers (2),15 Jul (KAM);CarlL-C(2), 19 Jun (DMK); HutchinsCrk BBC (3), 28May(RSR).Oneortwobirdsnotedinnumerousareasthroughouttheseasonbymanyobservers.Black-billed CuckooSugarR (2), 15 Jul (DK); RockCut (2), 17 Jun(MM); Rockton (Winnebago Co) (pr), 5 Jun(DTW); IBSP (No.Unit) (2), 3 Jun (AFS,RE);CamptonFP(KaneCo),2Jun(ABH);Fermi,23Jun (DS);Montrose,30 Jun (JIE); Jarvis,31 Jul(LGM);JP,11-18Jul(PRC);LCal(IndianRidgeM),21Jul(WJM,CAM).Barn OwlBreeding:sw DuPage(nestingprarrivedlateApr&presentthruAugw/2yghatchinglateJun)(JAS)&2juv,30Jul(MMC);PrRdg-M(ad@nestw/4eggs&2chicksfledged),May(RES,CLH);Saline(pr),28Aprbut(prw/2juv),20May(JAS);Bellrose(3yg@nestbox),12May&13June(EWW&CLHresp);Union (ad@nestw/3eggs),13Jun(CLH,RES);w. Pope(4juv),13Jun(CLH,RES).Other:Pulaski(4&1),12&13Jun(CLHetal.).Eastern Screech-OwlBreeding: DeKalb (downy nestling in WODU nest box), 19 May(BLe:ph);Flanagan(LivingstonCo)(graymorphprw/5fledglings),19May–7Jun(BM:ph);CedarCrkBBC(3branchingjuvfledglings),30May(RSR).Great Horned OwlBreeding: Pecatonica Wet FP (Winnebago Co) (ad on nest in oldGreat Blue Heron nest), 1-18Mar (DTW); Fabyan FP (Kane Co) (2lgbut still somewhatdownyyg recently? fledged), 30Apr–13May(JJ:ph,JBn:ph,m.ob.:ph)&adw/fledglingstillnotedtogether,22May(CM:ph);NorthAurora(KaneCo)(adonnestw/2ygonlg,metal,utilitytower.Nestused5previousyearsbyRTHApr),11&18Mar (LE&SO:ph resp); SpringbrookGC (DuPageCo) (pr@nestw/2 yg),Apr,&2ygfledgedlate-Apr(JAS);LCal(HegewischM)(onedownyyg),26-27Mar(CAM,WJM),w/mostlyfullgrownygthere,9Apr(WJM);ComlaraPk(Bloomington,McLeanCo)(adonnest),26Mar(BM:phm.ob.);Urbana (SouthridgePk) (onedownyyg innest),26Mar (fideJMr).MC:Virtuallyallotherreportswereof1-2birds.

Snowy Owl in Tolono, Champaign County. 31 December 2011.

Photo by Greg Lambeth.

Great Horned Owl and young in nest. Menard’s in Batavia, Kane County. 19 April 2012. Photo by Ron Dickenson.

Eastern Screech-Owl adult at right, with two young, at left. There were five total

fledglings. Flanagan, Livingston County. 22 May 2012. Photo by Ben Murphy.

Barred Owl young. Goose Lake Township, Grundy County. 3 May 2012. Photo by Don Blecha.

30 Meadowlark

Chimney SwiftMC:150,LawrencePk(Sterling,WhitesideCo),26Jul(DH);125&110,1&2Junresp,LSpfld dam (HDB).Appox. 200 additionallow-flying swifts trying to feed on insecthatchout afterpassageof a cold frontwerehit&killedbycarsbetween31May–2Jun(HDB); 120, Montrose, 30 Jul (MD); 60,CarlL-C, 1 Jun (DMK); 50, Chi (DouglasPk),21&23Jul (EDG);48,Kankakee,12Jul(JBH);45,LCal(O’BrienL&D),29Jul(WJM); 45, St. Clair, 20 Jul (KAM); 40,Emiquon,28Jul(JJD);38,JP,11Jul(PRC);35, Rckfd (Bloom School), 9 Jul (JL); 35,Chi (Columbus Pk), 3 Jun (EDG); 30, Chi(HumboldtPk),2Jun(SBB).Ruby-throated HummingbirdBreeding: Rckfd (♀ w/fledgling), 8 Jul(BCW); Batavia (Kane Co) (ad on nest),9 Jun (JJ:ph); Tekakwitha Wds FP (KaneCo) (ad feeding2nestlings@nest), 1Aug(BR); 40-AcreWds FP (Palos) (ad on nestoverroad),1Jun(AAA,WSS:ph).MC:237(banded in two days, 93 (on 9 Jun)& 144ad(on8Jun),e. St. Clair(VMK);165(157newlybandedad&8returnsfrompreviousyears),ne.St. Clair,24Jun(VMK);158(143newly banded & 15 returns from previousyears), s. Montgomery, 30 Jun (VMK);156 (129 newly banded& 27 returns frompreviousyears),e.St. Clair,27Jul (VMK);128 (100 newly banded ad & 28 returnsfrompreviousyears,incl2007),e.Adams,2Jun(VMK);116(98newlybandedad&18returns from previous years), SiloamSpr, 7Jul (VMK);113 (at feeders),Fults (MonroeCo), 29 Jul (C&PD); 88 (81 newly bandedad & 7 from previous years), Browning(SchuylerCo),24Jul(VMK);78(69newlybanded & 9 returns from previous years),RushvilleTwp(SchuylerCo),2Aug(VMK);71 (63 newly banded & 8 returns fromprevious years), Athensville Twp (GreeneCo), 14 Jun (VMK); 66 (65 newly banded& 1 return from from previos year),Bond,16 Jun (VMK);59 (32newlybanded&27returnsfrompreviousyears),Adams,21Jul(VMK).Other (non-banding MC): 40 (atfeeders), West Frankfort (Franklin Co), 12Jul(LWS);19,Effingham(EffinghamCo),3Jun(CA);13,Dudleyville_,3Jun(DMK);8,SouthBeloit(WinnebagoCo), 2-3 Jul (GR); 6, Lakewood Shores (Will Co), 16 Jul (SDF); 6,Sang,23Jun(HDB);5,WapelloLWR(JoDaviessCo),23Jun(DFS);5, FunksGrove Pr (McLeanCo), 8 Jun (BM); 5, Jamestown_, 2 Jun(DMK);5,SilverCrkPr(St.ClairCo),28Jun&2Jul(RL).Others:Cary(McHenryCo)(3♀),20Jul (SPH);MoraineHills (3),7Jul (JIE,MMC);COLSP(3),22Jun(BJS);Zion(LakeCo)(ad♂,♀,subad♂@feeder),11Jun–21Jul(EWW);CubaMFP(LakeCo)(3),22Jun(DW);MArb(3),16Jun(JSr,JZ);Chi(RosehillCem)(4),7Jul(MD);ParkForestCentralPkWet(CookCo)(3),8Jun(AT);JP(summeringbirdbeginning11 Jul (PRC,HC); JubileeC,6 Jul (EC);SingingWdsNP(PeoriaCo)(3),16Jun(EC);TableGrove(FultonCo)(3),29Jul(KAM); Harrison Pk GC (Danville, Vermilion Co) (3), 4 Jul (NK);CarlL-C (4), 14 Jul (DMK); HutchinsCrk BBC (4), 28 May (RSR);SoRipHlwBBC(4),26May(RSR).Notes:One♀bird banded in 2004 ine.St. Clair, recaptured there 9Jun2012(VMK)–atleast9yearsold.;Anad♂captured@Oakland(ColesCo)on23June(VMK)hadbeenbandedbyCathieHutchesonasaHY♂@Murphysboro(JacksonCo)on24Sep2010.Numerousotherreportsof1-2birdsintheGreaterChicagolandarea.

Belted KingfisherBreeding: Four Lakes FP (Winnebago Co)(2adw/2imm),17Jun(DTW,BCW);LCal(BurnhamPraM)(adcarryingfoodtonest),24 Jun (WJM). MC: 6, No. Branch ChiR(IrvingParkRd. toPetersonRd,CookCo),13Jun(MA);4,seeabove;4,MoraineHills,8 Jul (KD,MMd); 4, EvergreenL (McLeanCo),22Jun(AW);4,Emiquon,23Jun(EW);3,COLSP,22Jun(BJS);3,IBSP(So.Unit),3 Jun (JSt); 3, Chi (Gompers Pk), 17 Jun(MD); 3,KRSP (WillCo), 22 Jul (JBH); 3,JubileeC,14 Jun (EC);3,MoraineViewSP(McLeanCo),30Jun(BK);3,HeronCP,13Jul (JH); 3, O’Fallon (St. Clair Co), 26 Jul(GH); 3,MermetL,18Jun(SZ).Numerousotherstatewidereportsof1-2birds.Red-headed WoodpeckerBreeding: Ridott (Stephenson Co) (ad @nestcavity),2May(DTW);SpringBluffFP(Lake Co) (pr incubating@ nest cavity), 9Jun(PWS);HelmWdsFP(KaneCo)(prw/2juv), 14 Jul (MM, RMr:ph); Aurora (KaneCo)(prwithin&defendingnestcavity&prcopandstillexcavatingthenestcavity),15&20May(VL&MBn:phresp);RosewoodPkB(HighlandPark,LakeCo)(prfeedingyginnestcavity),24Jun–11Jul(M&GJ);MillardPk(HighlandPark,LakeCo)(pr feeding1+yg in nest cavity), 24 Jun – 1 Jul (M&GJ);CarpentersvilleD(FoxR,KaneCo)(ad@nestcavity),6Jun(CM)&(juv),31Jul(CM:ph);HennepinL(familygroupof4),20Jul(DFS);LCal(BurnhamPra)(adcarryingfoodtonestcavity),24Jun(WJM);KRSP(5inclad&juv@nest cavity), 25 Jul (JBH);HomerL (nestw/yg),7Jun(EJC);Sang(fledgedyg),23Jun(HDB); Greenville (Bond Co) (pr w/2 juv),2 Sept (DTW). MC: 20, Pembroke, 9 Jun(RDH);10,Havana(MasonCo),3Jul(KBR);8,FortSheridanFP(LakeCo),21Jul(JRo);7, MomenceWet, 15 Jun (JBH); 7, Warren,26Jul(LLH);7,SiloamSpr(BuckhornUnit,Brown Co), 6 Jul (TD); 7,White Rock NP(Monroe Co), 2 Jul (C&PD); 6, WoodfordCounty CA, 10 Jul (TH); 6, Spunky BtmsPr (Brown Co), 6 Jul (TD); 6, Sang, 1 Jul(HDB);5,BlackberryMaplesFP(KaneCo),4 Jul (SF); 5, HelmWds FP (Kane Co), 14Jul (MM); 5,MelroseTwp (Adams Co), 31

Jul(AGD);5,MiddleForkRFP(ChampaignCo),7Jun(TH).Others:NygrenWet(4),24Jul(ATB);SugarR,(4),1Jul(DTW,MAM);BatesFenNP(McHenryCo)(2),9Jun–4Jul (SDB); IBSP(So.Unit) (4),1&3Jun&(So.Unit)(2pr),17Jun(JSt);LyonsWdsFP(LakeCo)(ad), 24 Jun (EWW); Nachusa (3), 17 Jul (JWW); Lone Grove FP(Kane Co) (3), 14 Jun (SF); Sinnissippi Pk (Sterling,Whiteside Co)(3), 7 Jun (DH);MArb (4), 27 Jun (DY); Chi (Rosehill Cem) (2 ad,imm), 29 Jul (MD); Palos Park (CookCo) (3), 3 Jun (MMC, FRM);HennepinL (4), 14 Jun& 1 Jul (TH); StarvedRock (4), 22 Jun (TH);Midewin(3),23Jun(GAW,COS);Athens_(3),25Jun(VMK);HeronCP(4),13Jul (JH);SanganoisCA(Cass/MasonCos),28Jul (KAM);PereMarquetteSP(JerseyCo),22Jun(DMK,MSS);St.Morgan_(2),3Jun(KAM);Jamestown_(2),2Jun(DMK);ScottAirForceBase(St.ClairCo)(3),25Jul(GH);CarlL-B,29Jul(DMK);CarlL-C(2),15Jul(DMK);Pulaski_(3),8Jun(VMK).InasearchorganizedbytheBirdConservationNetwork andAudubonChicagoRegion and carried outbynumerousvolunteers,65adults&28juvenilesofthisspecieswerelocatedat33locationsintheChicagolandareathissummer(fideJPk).Note: “Very good numbers in theBushnell (McDonoughCo) area thisyear,1to4birdsseeneverytimeIwasintheirhabitat”(LLH).Numerousreportsof1-2birdsthroughoutthestate.

Ruby-throated Hummingbird on nest. Batavia, Kane County. 9 June 2012.

Photo by John Janunus.

Juvenile Red-headed Woodpecker. Carpentersville Dam, Fox River,

Kane County. 31 July 2012. Photo by Chris Mussachio.

Volume 22, Number 1 31

22 Jun (DFS); Kinnikinnick, 24 Jun (DTW);MacArthur Wds NP (Lake Co), 6 Jun (BJS);LowdMil (2), 6& 9 Jun (DTW&ASA resp);MArb,21Jun(JZ);CapSauerFP(CookCo)(2),10Jun(RLS);BemisWdsFP(CookCo)(pr),24Jun(JA);SaltCrk,10Jun(DFS);SwallowCliff,16 Jun (DFS); Palos (Buttonbush Sl), 12 Jul(SZ);HennepinL (2), 14 Jun (TH); JubileeC, 6

Jul(EC);SingingWdsNP(PeoriaCo),16Jun(EC);FortCreveCoeurSP(TazewellCo),29Jul (EC);LOWFP,Jun/Jul (EJC,CKA);MiddleForkR FP (Champaign Co), 14 Jul (EJC); RiverBend, Jun/Jul (EJC,CKA);KickapooSP(VermilionCo)(2),29Jul(TBs);RockSpringsCA(MaconCo),14Jun(TAM);SiloamSpr(BrownCo)(2),23Jun(JIE).Note:PopulationintheChicagoareaslowlygrowing.American KestrelBreeding: GlacialPk (♀ feeding begging yg), 4 Jun (DTW, BCW);St. Clair (44 yg banded from 10 nest boxes), season (TUM).MC: 8,Tazewell,30Jun(CAT);7&6,Sang,17Jun&11Julresp(HDB);6,BigGroveTwp(KendallCo),30Jul(ASA);6,CarlL-C,14Jul(DMK);5,Fermi,7Jun(DS);5,e. Kankakee,26Jul(JBH);5,Havana(MasonCo),8Jul(ASA).MerlinRckfd(BloomSchool),8Jul(JL:ph);Chau(ad♂),28Jul(ASA:ph,SZ).Thesearethefirstwell-documentedsummerrecordsforthisspeciesforIllinois.However,therehavebeenthreeotherJuneorJulyrecords,allsince2004.Canthefirstbreedingrecordbefarbehind?Observersareencouragedtofollowuponanyfuturesummerrecordsof thisspeciesbysearchingforpotentialnestsand/oryoungtodocumentbreedingforthisspecies,whosestatusisquicklychanginginIllinois.Peregrine FalconBreeding: Savanna (Carroll Co) (pr nesting in nest box atop grainelevator fledged2yg), Jun (fideASt); JP (carrying food tonest site),season (PRC). Other: Harvester Pk (DuPage Co), 12 Jun (SDB);Elmhurst Quarry (DuPage Co) (ad), 2 & 30 Jul (GP:ph). Nesting atthis location?; Tri-County SP (DuPage Co) (imm), 26 Jun (GP:ph);NoP&Montrose(2),17&5Jul(JIN&MMCresp);Quincy(AdamsCo), 22 Jul (PJR);MeredosiaNWR (MorganCo), 28 Jul (JAS); I-80MississippiRbridge(RockIslandCo)(ad),8Jun(DE);Quincy(AdamsCo),22Jul (PR);LSpfld(prad;possiblynested),10-29Jun&allJul(HDB);Alton(ClarkBridge,MadisonCo),18Jul(TH).Monk ParakeetBreeding:LCal(WolfL)(ad@nestatoputilitypole),2May(WJM);Burnham (LCal) (ad nest-building @ cell tower), 29 Mar (WJM).MC:31,JP,16Jun(PAD,WIBW);13,CalumetPark(CookCo),8Jul(GAW);11,NorthRiverside(CookCo),27Jun(CJ);6,Skokie(CookCo),25Jun(DEW);4,Chi(ColumbusPk,31Jul(EDG).Other:NorthShoreChannel(Evanston,CookCo)(2),2Jun(MMC);LCal(WolfLCA)(3),16Jul(DFS).Eastern Wood-PeweeBreeding:RockCut(prgatheringnestmaterial),3Jun(DTW);SeversonDells FP (Winnebago Co) (ad building nest), 10 Jun (DTW); SugarGrove (KaneCo) (pr feeding fledgling),5Aug(JHn);MArb(nest),5Jun(TK)&(adfeedingyginnest),9Jul(JZ,MN)&(adfeedingBHCOyg),17 Jul (JZ,MN);BergmanSl (Palos) (adonnest),14 Jun (RLS);LCal (HegewischM) (pr feeding 2 fledglings), 21 Jul (WJM, CAM);BuseyWds (juv), 29 Jun (EJC); Spfld (Washington Pk) (ad on nest),8Jun(HDB).MC:25,RamseyLSP(FayetteCo),23Jul(KAM);15,SaltCrk,15Jun(DFS);13,LowdMil,9Jun(ASA);13,SwallowCliff,16Jun(DFS);12,Ryerson,8Jun(GHr);12,KRSP,23Jun(RDH);12,Columbia_,2Jun(KAM);10,MacArthurWdsNP(LakeCo),2&16Jun(GHr);10,LongGroveFP(KaneCo),4Jun(SF);10,MArb,17Jul(JZ,MN);10,CarlL-C,19Jun(DMK);9,NygrenWet,26Jul(KP);9,SugarR,1Jul(DTW,MAM);9,BigRockFP(KaneCo),16Jun(SF);9,JubileeC,6Jul(EC).

Red-bellied WoodpeckerBreeding: LOWFP (nest w/yg), 2 Jun (EJC);BuseyWds (ad@ nest cavity), 13May (EJC).MC: 29, CONWR (Devil’s KitchenL), 16-27Jun (LWS); 27, Pulaski_, 8 Jun (VMK); 23,BeaverdamL_, 6 Jun (VMK); 22,St.Morgan_,3 Jun (KAM); 19,MRB, 17 Jun (C&PD); 18,Dudleyville_, 3 Jun (DMK); 15, Columbia_, 2Jun (KAM); 14, CampPoint_, 26 Jun (VMK);14, Belknap_, 7 Jun (VMK); 12, Jamestown_,2 Jun (DMK); 11, SaltCrk, 10 Jun (DFS); 10,LowdMil, 9 Jun (ASA); 10, Lyman Wds FP(DuPage Co), 9 Jun (BMr); 10,MomenceWet,15Jun(JBH).Yellow-bellied SapsuckerKeough Effigy LWR (Jo Daviess Co), 4-5 Jun (DWy); LostMoundBBS(3),21Jun(DBetal.);MissPalis(pr&ad),22&3Jun(DFS&JIE resp); Upper SpringL (Carroll Co) (calling on territory), 26May(EWW).Downy WoodpeckerBreeding:SugarRFP(WinnebagoCo)(adfeeding♂&♀nestlings),3Jun(JoS);FourLakesFP(WinnebagoCo)(adw/fledgling),3Jul(DTW,BCW);Rckfd (PagePk) (pr@nest cavity), 1May (DTW);SaltCrkWdsFP(CookCo)(2nestsw/nestlingsbeingfedbyads),10Jun(DFS);OakPark (CookCo) (ad feedingbegging fledglings),5-7Jun (EDG);JP (4 territoriesw/juvsbeginning22 Jul) (PRC);LCal (HegewischM)(prw/fledgling),21Jul(WJM);StarvedRock(deadfledgling),26May(DTW,BCW); SangamonRFP (ChampaignCo) (fledged yg), 25 Jun(EJC); LOWFP (fledged yg), 2 Jun (EJC); Sang (fledged yg), 4 Jun(HDB).MC:25,SaltCrkWdsFP(CookCo),10Jun(DFS);17(7ad,10juv),MRB,22Jun(C&PD);13,SwallowCliff,16Jun(DFS);10,LCal(BeaubienWdsFP),15Jun(WJM);10,WoodfordCoCA,10Jul(TH);10,CarlL-C,15Jul(DMK);9,LCal(EggersWdsFP),16Jul(DFS);9,St.Morgan_,3Jun(KAM);9,Jamestown_,2Jun(DMK).Hairy WoodpeckerBreeding:SaltCrkWdsFP (CookCo) (pr feedingnestlings innest),10Jun(DFS);JP(nest),19May(HC),w/1yginnest,30May(PRC)&w/1+fledgling(MWretal.).MC:13(8ad,5juv),28Jun(C&PD);8,SaltCrkWdsFP(CookCo),10Jun(DFS);7,HutchinsCrkBBC,28May (RSR); 5,MomenceWet, 15 Jun (JBH);4,SugarR,1 Jul (DTW,MAM);4,COLSP,22Jun(BJS);4,LowdMil,9Jun(ASA).Northern FlickerBreeding:Nachusa (pr feeding 1+ yg), 12 Jun (ABH);Aurora (KaneCo)(prnearnestcavityusurpedbyEUST,escavatingnewcavitynearusurped one), 15May (VL);MArb (6 incl family group of 4), 4 Jul(TK);SaltCrk(adbringingfoodtonest),10Jun(DFS);Chi(HumboldtPk) (ad in nest cavity), 3 Jun (VM); JP (pr feeding fledgling), 21 Jul(PADetal.);CapSauersFP(CookCo)(adatnestcavityw/2ygstickingheadsoutofcavity),12Jun(WSS:ph);LCal(BurnhamPra)(4adinclad carrying food), 4 Jun (WJM); Sang (fledged yg), 12 Jun (HDB).MC:11,NygrenWet,26Jul(KP);11,HelmWdsFP(KaneCo),14Jul(MM);10,NundaTwp(McHenryCo),3-11Jul(SDB);10,MidSav,10Jul(REP);10,Pembroke,9Jun(RDH);9,NelsonL,2Jun(KCA);9,MArb, 17 Jul (JZ,MN); 9,Kankakee, 23 Jun (JBH); 9, Sang, 27 Jul(HDB);8,SugarR,1Jul(DTW,MAM);8,PoplarGrove(BooneCo),27Jun(SDB);8,IBSP(So.Unit),25Jul(REP);8,Pratt’sWW,21Jul(MWd);8,Warrenville (DuPageCo),1 Jun (DLt);8,SaltCrk,10 Jun(DFS);7,COLSP,10Jun(BJS);7,BluffSpringFenNP(CookCo),23Jun (MMg);7,Chi (DouglasPk),16 Jul (EDG,AG);6,AlmondM,2Jul(SDB);6,Fermi,23Jun&10Jul(DS);6,Dam#1FP(CookCo),10Jun(DW);6,HennepinL,20Jul(DFS);6,CarlL-C,15Jul(DMK).Pileated WoodpeckerBreeding: Lake of Egypt (SNF, Johnson Co) (pr tending eggs/yg@nestcavity),27Apr(SDB,CAT).MC:7,CONWR(Devil’sKitchenL),16-27Jun(LWS); 7,HutchinsCrkBBC,28May(RSR);6,CedarCrkBBC,30May(RSR);5,WhiteRockNP(MonroeCo),17Jul(C&PD);5,Pulaski_,8Jun(VMK);4,MomenceWet,15Jun(JBH);4,MelroseTwp(AdamsCo),31Jul(AGD);4,Sang,6Jun(HDB);4,St.Morgan_,3Jun(KAM).Others:KeoughEffigyPr(JoDaviessCo),4Jun(DWy);RockCut,17 Jun (MM);NygrenWet (2),27 Jul (ATB);MissPalis (2),

Merlin. Bloom School, Rockford, Winnebago County. 8 July 2012. Photo by John Longhenry.

32 Meadowlark

ad pairedwith a 3rd ad and re-nested nearby, laying 3 eggs&beganincubationon16May.Eggshatched31May&ygfledgedon15Jun)(DTW);MArb (2 nests, onew/ad on), 7 Jun (JZ);Montrose (2 juv),21 Jun (LGM); SwallowCliff (nestw/2 yg under picnic shelter roof),16 Jun (DFS); Hopewell (Marshall Co) (ad feeding 3 fledglings), 28Jul (MHB);MeadbrkPk (nestbuilding),30May (EJC);Cave-in-RockSP (Hardin Co) (ad feeding 4 fledglings), 12 May (EWW).MC: 8,Midewin,2Jun(MD);8,CampPoint,26Jun(VMK);8,Sang,17Jun&11Jul(HDB);7,NygrenWet,26Jul(KP);7,St.Morgan_,3Jun(KAM);6,IBSP(No.Unit),27Jun(AMn);6,CampSagawau(CookCo),17Jun(JSl);6,HooverFP(KendallCo),20Jun(ASA);6,Jamestown_,2Jun(DMK);6,CarlL-C,14Jul(DMK).Great Crested FlycatcherBreeding: MArb (6 incl 2 families), 29 Jul (JZ, MN); McCunePra(familygroupof6), 25 Jun (DTW).MC: 11,SaltCrk,10 Jun (DFS);9,CedarCrkBBC,30May (RSR);8,SwallowCliff, 16 Jun (DFS);8,MiddleportTwp (IroquoisCo), 13 Jun (SDB); 8,Dudleyville_, 3 Jun(DMK);8,CarlL-C,15Jul(DMK);7,MomenceWet,15Jun(JBH);7,Sang,14Jun(HDB);7,Columbia_,2Jun(KAM);7,CONWR(Devil’sKitchenL), 16-27 Jun (LWS); 6, RamseyL SP (Fayette Co), 23 Jul(KAM);6,DesPlainesRiverway(DuPageCo),23Jun(GG);6,MArb,seeabove;6,Bureau, seeabove;6,HennepinL,11Jul (TH);6,RockSpringsCA(MaconCo),10Jul(TM);6,Martinsville_,15Jun(SDB);6,St.Morgan_,3Jun(KAM);6,HutchinsCrkBBC,28May(RSR);6,Pulaski_,8Jun(VMK).Other:JP(4),27Jun(PRC).Western KingbirdBreeding:ESTL(2territoriesw/nestw/3yg),30Jun(DMK:ph).Nest&2territories1stnoticed6Jun(DMK).MC:6,ESTL(2territories&3fledgedyg),8Julbut1stad@nestareaby18May&prby26May(DMK).Others:KansasTwp(WoodfordCo),4-6Jun(MEF:ph,THetal.);Havana(MasonCo),8&17Jul(DTW,AFS)&2there,9-15Jul(TW,CD:ph,KBRetal.).Eastern KingbirdBreeding:FourLakesFP(WinnebagoCo)(2adw/2imm),3Jul(DTW,BCW); MoraineHills (nest w/2 eggs), 21 Jun (JSl); Merritt Pra FP(DeKalbCo)(pr@nestonly3ftoffground inBurrOaksaplingw/oneEAKIegg),26Jun(SDB);MArb(prfeedingyginnest inlarch),11Jul(JZ);BergmanSl(Palos)(princladcarryingnestmaterialtonesttree),7Jun(RLS);SaltCrk(adonnest),3Jun(DFS);Chi(ColumbusPk) (4 inclprw/oneonnest), 3&7 Jun, (w/one fledgling), 17&31Jul(EDG);Chi(LincolnPkGC)(prw/2fledglings),13Jul(LGM);JP(nestw/3downyyg),27Jun(PRC);JP(8breedingterritories),season

Acadian FlycatcherBreeding:PlumCrk(pr,w/oneonnest),9Jun(JIE:ph);SalisburyTwp(SangamonR,SangamonCo)(nest),6Jun(HDB).MC:59,CaneyCrkBBC,2Jun(RSR);46,SoRipHlwBBC,26May(RSR);40,CONWR(Devil’s KitchenL), 16-27 Jun (LWS); 36, CedarCrk BBC, 30 May(RSR);30,BeanRdgBBC,3Jun(RSR);25,GiantCitySP(JacksonCo),30May&23 Jun (LWS);19,HutchinsCrkBBC,28May (RSR);10,RamseyLSP(FayetteCo),23Jul(KAM);8,LowdMil,9Jun(ASA);5,MissPalis,3Jun(JIE);5&4,StarvedRock&MatthiessenSP(LaSalleCo),17&20 Jun (BC&NBr resp);5,MackinawRSFWA(TazewellCo),23Jun (AFS,RE,APS). Others:KeoughEffigyPr (JoDaviessCo), 4 Jun (DWy);GalenaRTrl (JoDaviess Co) (3), 30 Jun (DWy);RockCut (2), 3 Jun (DTW); Coral Wds CA (McHenry Co), 12 Jun(D&MC);COLSP,22Jun(BJS);LyonsWdsFP(LakeCo),23-24Jun(EWW);FranklinCrkSNA(LeeCo),10Jun(ASA);BlackberryMaplesFP(KaneCo),4Jul(SF);LoneGroveFP(KaneCo),14&22Jun(SF&ATB resp); BlissWds FP (KaneCo), 7 Jul (ASA); Sinnissippi Pk(Sterling,WhitesideCo),7Jun(DH);HooverFP(KendallCo)(1-2),20Jun–4Jul(ASA);SilverSpringsSP(KendallCo),4Jul(ASA);LCal(EggersWdsFP),8Jun(DFS);MomenceWet(3),15Jun(JBH);ForestPkNC(PeoriaHeights,PeoriaCo)(4),20Jun(EC);BlackPartridgePk(WoodfordCo),13Jun(TH);SiloamSpr(4),23Jun(JIE);Sang(6),6&13Jun(HDB).Alder FlycatcherCamptonFP(KaneCo),30May-16Jun(ABH).Willow FlycatcherBreeding:LCal(O’BrienL&D)(prfeeding2fledglings),29Jul(WJMm.ob.); LSpfld (fledged yg), 21 Jul (HDB).MC: 22 (17♪♂),@ 7 lgLake&McHenrymarshes,29May–11 Jul (SDB);19 (13♪♂),LCal(BurnhamPra),4Jun(WJM,SBB);12(10♪♂),WolfRdPraNP(CookCo),5Jun(SDB);10,LakewoodFP(LakeCo),7Jun(BJS);10,Fermi,15 Jul (SF);10,GLPSNA,17 Jun (ASA);8,GlacialPk,4 Jun (DTW,BCW);7,McKeeM(DuPageCo),9Jun(DL);7,MerwinNP(McLeanCo), 14 Jun (AW); 7, Chau, 28 Jul (JJD et al.); 6, Nachusa, 19 Jun(ABH);6,AuroraWestFP(KaneCo),5Jun(SF);6,PaulDouglas,10Jun (FRM); 6, Helmick NP (Cook Co), 13 Jun (AT); 5, NygrenWet,24Jul(ATB);5,CubaMFP(LakeCo),17Jun(BJS);5,BigRockFP(KaneCo),16Jun(SF);5,HerrickLFP(DuPageCo),19Jul(JSl);5,TurtleheadL (Burr Oak FP, Cook Co), 8 Jun (MD); 5, Sang, 11 Jun(HDB).Least FlycatcherKinnikinnick(♪♂),24Jun(DTW);COLSP(2countersing♂s),22Jun(BJS);IBSP(So.Unit) (♪♂),24Jul(BJS);WadsworthWet(LakeCo),21Jul(REP);McKeeM(DuPageCo),6Jun(JFy);SpringbrookPraFP(DuPageCo),7Jun(JLS);BergmanSl(Palos)(♪♂),7-14Jun(RLSetal.);Chi (RosehillCem),20Jul (MD);Jarvis,27-31Jul (LGM,MD);Montrose,27-28Jul(DFS,JIE:ph);JP(♪♂),11Jul(PRC,HC);CarlL-C,15Jul(DMK:ph).Eastern PhoebeBreeding:Rckfd(prarrived15Mar,begannest-building17Mar.Nestlatercontained5eggs,but1adwentmissing&nestfailed.Surviving

Least Flycatcher. Dam East Boat Ramp, Carlyle

Lake, Clinton County. 15 July 2012. Photo by Dan

Kassebaum. This is the first summer record for this spe-

cies in Clinton County.

Acadian Flycatcher on nest. Plum Creek Forest Preserve, Cook County. 9 June 2012. Photo by Josh Engel.

Adult Western Kingbird feeding two young at nest. Casino Queen, East St. Louis, St. Clair County. 30 June 2012. Photo by Dan Kassebaum.

Volume 22, Number 1 33

(PRC);LCal(BurnhamPra)(nestw/2hosteggs),4Jun(WJM,SBB);DPCA(ad incubating on nest), 4 Jul (DFS);MeadbrkPk (ads w/fledged yg), 15Jun (EJC); Champaign (Heritage Pk)(ad feeding berries to fledgling), 12Aug (JT:ph); LSpfld (ad on nest), 30Jun & 7 Jul (HDB); Sang (fledgedyg),24Jun(HDB);ESTL(2territories&onenest),6 Jun,w/3yg innest,30Jun–8Jul(DMK).MC:30,CarlL-C,19 Jun (DMK); 24,Midewin, 23 Jun(JAS); 16, LostMound BBC, 21 Jun(DB et al.); 16, NygrenWet, 24 Jul(ATB);16,Midewin,23Jun(JAS);16,Mason,28Jul(KAM);15,BigGroveTwp (KendallCo),30 Jul (ASA);15,MoraineViewSP(McLeanCo),15Jul(BG);14,Pembroke,9Jun(RDH);13,Sang,7Jul (HDB);12,FortSheridanFP(LakeCo),21Jul(JRo);12,MArb,1 Jun (JSr); 12, Martinsville_, 15Jun (SDB); 11, St. Morgan_, 3 Jun(KAM);10,SugarR,15Jul(DK);10,AftonFP (DeKalbCo), 21 Jul (AM);10, DPCA, 4 Jul (DFS); 10 (incl ajuv), BraidwoodL, 3 Jul (JBH); 10,HennepinL,20Jul(DFS);10,EvergreenL(McLeanCo),20Jul(BG);10,CentennialPk(Heyworth,McLeanCo),13Jul(BG);9,JP,27Jun(PRC);9,LCal,2Jun(WJM).Scissor-tailed FlycatcherBreeding:AmnBot(2breedingpairs),w/oneprnoted4May&prw/3juv 19 Jul (C&PD, DMK:ph, PAM et al.). Other: North Branch CA(McHenry Co), 16 Jun (DMK, TAM); Montrose, 11 Jun (RDH:ph);Havana (MasonCo) (♂), 2-11 Jul (JF:ph,KBR,DHr);Belleville (St.ClairCo),16Jul(RL).Loggerhead ShrikeBreeding:SeeMidewin,below;PixleyTwp(ClayCo)(adw/2yg),21Jun (CLH).MC: 4 (2adw/2 juv),Midewin,14&23 Jun (DBa:ph&JASresp);4,Edwards,3Jul(RES);3,LostMound,21Jun(DTW,FH).Others:Bogota(JasperCo)(2),20Jun–25Jul(CLH);SmallwoodTwp(JasperCo) (3+ birds, 2 territories?), 6 Jun – 14 Jul (CLH); PrRdg-J(FusonTract), 17 Jul (CLH); PrRdg-M (ButlerTract), 4 Jun (CLH);MadisonTwp(RichlandCo),15Jun(CLH);Mt.ErieTwp(WayneCo)(2),18Jun(CLH);PyramidSP(PerryCo)(2),25Jun(CLH).White-eyed VireoMC:21,HutchinsCrkBBC,28May(RSR);18,Pomona,2Jun(LWS,DDM); 14, CedarCrk BBC, 30May (RSR); 10, SoRipHlw BBC, 26May(RSR);9,Pulaski_,8Jun(VMK);8,CaneyCrkBBC,2Jun(RSR).Others: GalenaR Trl (Jo Daviess Co) (2), 30 Jun (DWy); LowdMil(2), 6 Jun (DTW); Big Rock FP (KaneCo) (4♪♂,♀), 5 Jun – 9 Jul(SF,JJD,ASA:phetal.);GreeneVal(♪♂),28-29Jun(MAM,ASA:ph);MArb,16Jun(JZ,JSr);Pratt’sWW(♪♂),25Jul(MN);WaterfallGlenFP(DuPageCo),22Jun(CH);PaulDouglas,18Jun(SWS);BergmanSl Preserve& John J.Duffy FP (CookCo) (4♪♂), 10-14 Jun (RLS);CherryHillWdsFP(CookCo),13Jun&22Jul(CBT&NRGresp);PlumCrk(2♪♂),9&19Jun(JIE&MDresp);Midewin,23Jun(GAW,COS);PlumCrkRavinesFP(WillCo)(3),22Jul(JAS);MazoniaSFWA(KankakeeCo)(4),9Jun(JBH);ICCA,9Jun(GAW,IYBC);Sang(3&2),14Jun&2Julresp(HDB).Bell’s VireoBreeding:FayettevilleTwp(St.ClairTwp)(pr@nest,w/adincubating2Jul&/2ygby8Jul)(TJD:ph).MC:27,se. Franklin,28&31May(LWS);7,BraidwoodL,3&21Jul(JBH);5(5locations),Macon,3-29Jun(TAM);4,GalenaRTrl(JoDaviessCo),30Jun(DWy);4,Midewin,23Jun(JAS);4,Pembroke,9Jun(RDH);4&3,Sang,24Jun&1Julresp(HDB);4,SilverCrkPr(St.ClairCo),28Jun(GL);3(♂),Nachusa,29May–26Jun(ABH);3,SpringL(TazewellCo),4Jul(DHr);3♪♂,Kell_, 3 Jun (SDB); 3, ESTL, 22 Jun (DMK, MSS); 3, MermetL,18 Jun (SZ). Others: Pecatonica (Winnebago Co), 30 Jun (DTW);

AuroraWestFP(KaneCo),1&5Jun(LW&SFresp);McCunePra(♪♂),25Jun (DTW, BCW); Springbrook PraFP (DuPage Co), 16 Jun (DY, LR);GLPSNA (2), 17 Jun (ASA); OrlandGrassland (Cook Co) (♪♂), 16 Jun(VM);MomenceTwp(KankakeeCo),27 Jul (JBH); ICCA, 9 Jun (GAW,IYBC);ComlaraPk(McLeanCo),12Jun (AW);Bonnie’sPraNP (IroquoisCo)(♪♂),13Jun(SDB);Emiquon,21& 25 Jun (CD&TH resp); LOWFP,Jun/Jul (CKA);RiverBend (♪♂), Jun/Jul(CKA);OblongTwp(CrawfordCo)(♪♂),15Jun(SDB);Columbia_,2Jun(KAM); Jamestown_, 2 Jun (DMK);Dudleyville_(2),3Jun(DMK);RendL(Ward Branch & Wayne FitzgerrellSP)(♪♂s),30Jul(KAM);Williamson(♪♂),5Jun(KAM).

Yellow-throated VireoBreeding: RockCut (pr w/♀ carrying nest material), 3 Jun (DTW,MJW).MC:6,COLSP,22Jun(BJS);5,RockCut,3Jun(DTW);5♪♂,MoraineHills,11Jun(SDB);5,MissPalis,3Jun(JIE);5,KRSP,23Jun(RDH);4,NorrisWdsNP(KaneCo),26Jun(ASA);4,MarshallSFWA(MarshallCo),9Jun(BC);4,MoraineViewSP(McLeanCo),30Jun(BK);4,Sang,13Jun(HDB);4,CarlL-C,20Jun(DMK).Warbling VireoBreeding:MArb (ad on nest), 2 Jun, (w/ad feeding nestlings), 7 Jun(JZ);Chi(ColumbusPk)(adfeedingfledgling),2Jul(EDG);Montrose(ad on nest), 11 Jun, (w/2 fledglings), 13 Jul (MD); JP (ad feedingBHCO), Jul (RLS).MC: 24, BigMudWet BBC, 27May (RSR); 19,Pembroke,9Jun(RDH);11,WhalonLFP(WillCo),22Jun(JAS);11,Sang,16Jun(HDB);11,Jamestown_,2Jun(DMK);10,Dudleyville_,3Jun(DMK);10,HL,4Jul(KAM);8,Phillip’sPk(Aurora,KaneCo),16Jun(ASA);8,MomenceWet,15Jun(JBH);8,CarlL-C,25Jun(DMK);7,FabyanFP(KaneCo),6Jun(SF);7,DPCA,30Jun(DFS).Others:MidSav (6), 15 Jun (NM);ButlerL (Libertyville,LakeCo) (6), 4 Jun(NM);Chi(HumboldtPk)(7),12Jun(SBB);JP(6),13-17Jun(PRC).Red-eyed VireoBreeding: DPCA (ad feeding juv BHCO), 28 Jul (DFS); MArb (adfeedingjuvBHCO),18Jul(DSr);MatthiessenSP(LaSalleCo)(adonnest),22Jun(BC:ph);MeadbrkPk(nestbuilding),25May(EJC).MC:18,KRSP, 23 Jun (RDH); 16,FabyanFP (KaneCo), 6 Jun (SF); 15,Pomona, 2 Jun (LWS,DDM); 13, CaneyCrkBBC, 2 Jun (RSR); 12,LowdMil,9Jun(ASA);12,McClaughreySpringsWdsFP(CookCo),16Jun(GAW);10,CentennialTrl(DuPageCo),26Jun(JAS);10,Sang,13Jun(HDB);10,SiloamSpr,23Jun(JIE);10,CedarCrkBBC,30May(RSR);10,HutchinsCrkBBC,28May(RSR);9,MacArthurWdsNP(LakeCo),2Jun(GHr);9,MArb,24Jun(DSr);9,SwallowCliff,28Jun(DFS);8,RockCut,4Jun(DTW);8,SoRipHlwBBC,26May(RSR).Others:JP(3territoriesintolateJun)(PRC).Notes:VeryfewMCofmorethan4-5birds!(HDB);“Veryscarce;notmorethanonebirdonanyofthenineBBSroutes(Iconduct)”(VMK).Blue JayBreeding:BelleauWdsFP(DuPageCo)(3adw/3beggingyg),3Jun(VS);Sang(fledgedyg),28Jun(HDB).MC:50,MArb,16Jun(JZ);26,PoplarGrove(BooneCo),27Jun(SDB);24,SpringCrkFP(CookCo),31Jul(ABA);23,Rckfd(BloomSchool),21Jul(JL);20,LymanWdsFP(DuPageCo),9Jun(BMr);18,LostMoundBBC,21Jun(DBetal.);17,Kell_,3Jun(SDB);16,MacArthurWdsNP(LakeCo),16Jun(GHr);16,Union_,29Jun(SDB);16,St.Morgan_,3Jun(KAM);15,SaltCrk,10Jun(DFS);15,SwallowCliff,16Jun(DFS);15,Sang,15Jul(HDB);13,Athens_,25Jun(VMK);13,Columbia_,2Jun(KAM);

Bell’s Vireo at nest. Fayetteville Township, St. Clair County. 2 June 2012. Photo by Tim J. Dever.

34 Meadowlark

12,Ryerson,8Jun(GHr);12,NelsonL,12Jul(KS); 12, John J.DuffyFP (CookCo), 8 Jun(RLS);12,Chi(QueenofHeavenCem),29Jul(DFS);12,WhiteRockNP(MonroeCo),17Jul(C&PD);10,BelleauWdsFP(DuPageCo),8Jul (VS); 10, Cap SauersHoldings FP (CookCo),16Jun(FRM,DKA);10,DPCA,30Jun(DFS);10,KRSP,25Jul(JBH).American CrowBreeding: NoP (ads feeding 2 juv), 6 Jun(GAW,NPBW);JP(afewbroods),season(PRC);RockFalls(RockRD,WhitesideCo)(adfeeding3juvafish),20Jul(DH);McCunePra(pradw/3imm),25Jun(DTW,BCW);Ford(ygreadytofledgeinnest),3May(EWW).MC:75,Kell_,3Jun(SDB);62,Pulaski_,8Jun(VMK);60,BeaverdamL_,6Jun(VMK);56,Athens_,25Jun(VMK);50,Chi(DouglasPk),12Jul(EDG,AG);48,Martinsville_,15Jun(SDB);45,Milford_,14Jun(SDB);44,NoP,13Jun(GAW,NPBW);43,Union_,29Jun(SDB);33,Chi(RosehillCem),23Jul(MD);30,CarlL-C,14Jul(DMK);29,FarmdaleRA(TazewellCo),2Jun(DHr);25,LostMoundBBS,21Jun(DBetal.);22,HutchinsCrkBBC,28May(RSR).Others:IBSP(So.Unit) (20),4Jun(PWS);JP(14),11Jul (PRC);Sang(19),20Jul(HDB);Columbia_(21),2Jun(KAM);Dudleyville_(24),3Jun(DMK).Note:Jarvis(oneeatingabat),9Jun(GAW).Fish CrowMC:8,RendL(WardBranch),21Jul(TJD);6,CarlL-C,29Jun&29Jul(DMK);6,Pulaski_,8Jun(VMK);4,CedarCrkBBC,30May(RSR);4,CRSNA(JohnsonCo),9Jul(CK).Others:TwoRivers(2),17Jul(GH).Inland Records(awayfromMississippiR):Chau,3Jul(KBR);CarlL-C(WhitetailAccess)(3),22Jul(CLH);Williamson(2),5Jun(KAM).Horned LarkBreeding: LakeCo Fairgrounds (Grayslake) (ad feeding 2 yg), 7 Jul(JWL).MC: 120,CarlL-C, 20 Jun (DMK); 72,MomenceSod, 28 Jul(JBH);45,Jamestown_,2Jun(DMK);40,CarlL-F,29Jul(DMK);40,CarlL-C,14Jul(DMK);40,LeveeRd(MonroeCo),23Jun(DMK);38,St.Morgan_,3Jun(KAM);34,Milford_,14Jun(SDB);32,Kell_,3Jun(SDB);30,KaskaskiaI(RandolphCo),2Jul(MMn).Other:Fermi(2),16Jul(LP,MN);Midewin(6),23Jun(GAW,COS);Union_(11),29Jun(SDB).Purple MartinBreeding:FourLakesFP(WinnebagoCo)(5pr@nestboxholes,allcarrying food into cavities), 17 Jun – 3 Jul (DTW, BCW); ComlaraPk (McLeanCo) (4 ad,4 imm),28 Jun (DTW);Bloomington (WhiteOak Pk, McLean Co) (ten nests under construction, possibly a fewcompleted),12May(MJW);Sang(fledgedyg),3Jun&18Jul(HDB).MC: 400 (@ roost), Sang, 21 Jul (HDB); 200, CarlL-C, 14-15 Jul(DMK); 73, Montrose, 7 Jul (GAW, COS); 60, Pere Marquette SP(Jersey Co), 22 Jun (DMK, MSS); 38, BraidwoodL, 21 Jul (JBH).Others: COLSP (20), 15 Jul (FRM); JP (32 incl all nest chambersoccupied in martin houses), 11 Jul (PRC); Jarvis (24), 9 Jun (GAW,COS);Toulon(StarkCo)(26),10Jun&4Jul(JWW);BannerM(30),31Jul(DHr);Sang(18),3&30Jun(HDB);CahokiaMoundsSHS(St.ClairCo)(40),6-17Jun(DMK).Tree SwallowBreeding:CoralWdsFP(McHenryCo)(adsin2bluebirdboxes),1Jun(MSg);GlacialPk(adcarryingfoodintonestboxes,&fecalsacsout),4Jun(DTW,BCW);AlmondM(10+prnestingincavitiesofdeadtreestubs),28May–2Jul(SDB);IBSP(ad@naturalcavitynestsite),21May(EWW);WoodsCrkRiparianCorridor(Algonquin,KaneCo)(adfeedingnestling at cavity entrance), 6 Jul (CM:ph);MArb (nesting inWODUbox),13&26Jun(TK);LymanWdsFP(DuPageCo)(ad inbluebirdbox),24Jun(GAW);WolfRdPraNP(CookCo)(6@or inbluebirdboxes),6Jun(LP);AromaFP(KankakeeCo)(pr@nestbox),2Jun(JBH);LOWFP(nestbuilding),21 Mar&(“mostnestboxeshave

5-6eggs”),14May(CKA);LSpfld&LickCrk(SangamonCo)(fledgedyg),21Jul(HDB).MC:4000, CarlL-F, 29 Jul (DMK); 500, Emiquon,28Jul(KAM);450,RendL,30Jul(KAM);214,Stark,30Jun(CAT);206,Chau,30Jun(CAT);200, CarlL-C, 14 Jul (DMK); 190, MarshallSFWA (Marshall Co), 16 Jun (BC); 144, BigGrove Twp (Kendall Co), 30 Jul (ASA); 125,El Paso sewage lagoons (Woodford Co), 24Jul (TH); 89, ConnerL (Monroe Co), 27 Jun(C&PD);78,Tri-CountySP(DuPageCo),26Jun(GP);65,VoloBog,24JunS&BF);60,NelsonL,26 Jul (ATB); 55, Helmick NP (Cook Co), 13Jun(AT);53,GrunwaldFarmsFamilyFP(KaneCo), 3 Jul (MM); 50, GlacialPk, 6 Jun (EGn);50,Warrenville (DuPageCo), 1 Jun (DLt); 45,

LakewoodFP(LakeCo),1Jul(BJS);45,LCal(O’BrienL&D),2Jun(WJM);45,HennepinL,1Jul(TH);41,RollinsSav,3Jun(S&BF);40,McKeeM(DuPageCo),9Jul(GP);40,PaulDouglas,16Jun(SBB).Other:NygrenWet(32),2Jun(ATB);AlmondM(25),17Jun(MMC);WhalonLFP(WillCo),20Jun(JAS);MArb(32),14Jun(JZ);GLPSNA(33),30Jun(AW).Northern Rough-winged SwallowBreeding:Montrose(1stjuv),21Jun(RDH);BuseyWds(nestbuilding),27May (EJC);HomerL (ad@nest site), 7 Jun (EJC);Sang (fledgedyg),5 Jul (HDB);CarlL-B (prw/3 fledgedyg),19 Jun (DMK).MC:300,RockR(Sterling,WhitesideCo),26Jul(DH);250,SanganoisCA(Cass/Mason Cos), 28 Jul (KAM); 175,Mason, 28 Jul (KAM); 100,AromaPark(KankakeeCo),20Jul(JBH);71,DPCA,14Jul(DFS);50,Montrose,14Jul(FRM);50,TwoRivers,15Jul(KAM);35,Emiquon,28 Jul (JJD et al.); 35,MauvaiseTerreL (MorganCo), 28 Jun (CD);32,ConnerL(MonroeCo),27Jun(C&PD);30,COLSP,15Jul(FRM).Bank SwallowBreeding: Rckfd (airport quarry) (300+ nest holes), 27 Jun (DTW);NWUnivLakefill (Evanston,CookCo) (2 nests), 23 Jun (MD); 600(@ breeding colony; 54 birds banded), Dallas City (Henderson Co),27Jun(VMK);RiverBend(pratnesthole),21Jul(EJC).MC:1700,RendL,30Jul(KAM);800,Emiquon,28Jul(KAM);600,Rckfd(seeabove);600,DallasCity(seeabove);500,CarlL-B,23Jul(KAM);456,KRSP,25Jul(JBH);275,RiceLCA(FultonCo),28Jul(TH,DHr);200,IllinoisRWidewaters(LaSalleCo),29Jun(BC);164,GrunwaldFarmsFamilyFP(KaneCo),4Jul(ASA:ph);150,TwoRivers,15Jul(KAM);100(migrants?;mostlyjuvs),NelsonL,27Jun(JBn:ph);100,RockRD(RockFalls,WhitesideCo),31Jul(DH);100,Chau,28Jul(ASA,SZ);75,COLSP,29Jul(MMC).Others:Jo Daviess(USRt20)(24),23Jun(DFS);NygrenWet(35),27Jul(ATB);Wauk(45),23Jul(AS);NelsonL(35), 26 Jul (SF,ATB); Fermi (32), 13 Jul (SF); DPCA (42), 28 Jul(DFS);HennepinL(28),20Jul(DFS);Sang(18&16),9Jul&17Junresp(HDB);PereMarquetteSP(JerseyCo)(20),22Jun(DMK,MSS).Cliff SwallowBreeding: GalenaR Trl (Jo Daviess Co) (12 nesting under US 20bridge),27Jun(DWy);Rckfd(RockRunderbikepathbridge)(12),23Jun(DTW);DunhamTwp(PiscasawCrk,BooneCo)(20@nestcolonyunderbridge),24Jun(DTW);NPM(smallnestcolony),24Jun(JRS,RC,BD);Elgin (KaneCo) (nesting colonyonShermanHospital), 29May (SeS); Elmhurst Quarry (DuPage Co) (8 nesting in outcroppingof rock quarry), 2 Jul (GP); Evanston (NWUniv Lakefill, CookCo)(16 nesting), 23 Jun (MD); NoP (4+ active nests under DiverseyHbridge),13Jun(GAW);Chi(NavyPier)(19birds;likelynestingunderpierw/visiblenestsonbuildingthere),23Jun(TS);I-355bridgeoverDesPlainesR(DuPageCo) (ad feedingyg innest),13 Aug (JAS); JP(initial colony of 24 ad in earlyMay abandoned, but 9+ active nestsfledged by early Jul) (PRC); Lacon marina (Marshall Co) (50 ad &35 nests under bridge), 9 Jun (BC); Emiquon (active colony of 50nesting under bridge@So.GlobeUnit), 3 Jun (JIE);HomerL (pr@nestonlakespillway),7Jun(EJC);Sang(nestingcolonies@LindsayBridge,SangchrisD, IrwinBridge,PleasantPlainsBridge&LickCrkRRBridge),Jun,w/fledgedyg@SangchrisSP(SangamonCo),11Jul(HDB).Firstjuvs,18Jun;I-255&ILRt143bridge(WoodRiverTwp,MadisonCo) (8ad&severalnests),24May(SDB);CarlL-C(400 innesting colonies), 25 Jun (DMK); ESTL (200 inEadsBridge nesting

Juvenile Horned Lark. Momence, Kankakee County.

25 August 2012. Photo by Don Blecha.

Volume 22, Number 1 35

colony), 6-30 Jun (DMK);KaskaskiaRRt. 13 bridge@NewAthens(St.ClairCo)(200&150&8@nestcolony),2Jul&4Jun&23Julresp (TJD);KaskaskiaR rail bridge@NewAthens (St.ClairCo) (65@nestcolony),7Jun(TJD);Grayville(bridgeoverWabashR,WabashCo) (100birds innestingcolony),19 Jun (CLH).MC:500,LeveeRd(PalmerCrkculvert,MonroeCo),23Jun(DMK);400,PereMarquetteSP(JerseyCo),22Jun(DMK,MSS);400,CarlL-C(Rt.50&CarlL-CDcolonies),25Jun(DMK);260,Sang,21Jun(HDB);200,Mason&Fulton(mostlyimm),8Jul(DTW);102,Pulaski_,8Jun(VMK);101,BeaverdamL_,6Jun(VMK);100,BloomingtonL(McLeanCo),9Jul(BG);100,seeabove;75(So.GlobeUnit)&50(So.GlobeUnit)&50(Visitor’sCenter),Emiquon,21,3 Jun&8Jul (CD&JIE& DTW resp); 51, Havana (Mason Co), 8 Jul(ASA);50,StarvedRock,22 Jun&15 Jul (BC);50,PiasaCrk (JerseyCo),25Jun (JnS,DP);50,RendL, 30 Jul (KAM). Others:NygrenWet (15& 6), 27 Jul & 2 Jun resp (ATB); Stephenson(alongUS20) (36),23Jun (DFS);MidSav (40),30 Jun (BN); PotawatomiWds FP (DeKalb Co)(10), 21 Jul (ASA);Afton FP (DeKalb Co) (8),29 Jul (ASA);FabyanFP (KaneCo) (19),6 Jun(SF);Nachusa(8),9Jun(ASA);CBG(5),24Jun(MMC); Chi (Grant PkMuseum Campus) (9 &5),1&21Junresp(DFS);SaganashkeeSl(CookCo) (15),21 Jun (MD); JP (21),24 Jun–11 Jul(PRC);HennepinCanalParkwaySP(BureauCo)(12),8Jul(GHh);McCunePra(10),23Jun(BC);GLPSNA (9), 30 Jun (AW);MomenceSod (48),1 Jul (JBH); TwoRivers (25 @ small, concretebridge),2&13Jun(BS,JM);Alton(MadisonCo)(35),18Jul(TH);Effingham(EffinghamCo)(10),21Jun(LB);PrRdg-J(7),19Jun(LB);Beaucoup_(20),1Jun(DMK);ScottAirForceBase(St.ClairCo)(15&10),1&22Junresp(RF);KaskaskiaI(RandolphCo)(30),2Jul(MMn).Barn SwallowBreeding:IBSP(6nestsinJun/Jul,w/2lateroneson29Julyw/4yg&30Julw/nestlings)(EWW);Aurora (Kane Co) (pr cop), 22 May (JBn:ph);MArb(12ad&ygin5nests),7Jun(JZ);CBG(gathering mud for nests), 9 Jun (ABA); BusseNP(CookCo)(prfeeding4juv),7Jul(ABA);SutkerGroveFP(CookCo)(prfeeding4fledglings),20Jun(JRo);Chi(HumboldtPk)(8nestsunderbridge),6Jun(SBB);NoP(7+nestsunderDiverseyHbridge),13Jun(GAW);JP(11ygin2broods),24Jun(PRC);SedgwickL(OrlandPark,CookCo)(activenests inpavilions),28Jul (GHa);SangamonRFP (Champaign Co) (ad on active nest), 1 Aug (EJC); MeadbrkPk(nest building), 30 May (EJC); Sang (fledged yg), 17 Jun (HDB).MC:2000,CarlL-F,29Jul(DMK);400,CarlL-B,25Jul(DMK);200,CarlL-C, 14&26 Jul (DMK); 200, Levee Rd (Monroe Co), 23 Jun(DMK); 127,HL, 29 Jul (FRH); 112,ConnerL (MonroeCo), 27 Jun(C&PD); 101,Wauk, 23 Jul (AS); 100, Emiquon, 8 Jul (DTW); 98,Sheffield_,17Jun(DFS);75,HennepinL,20Jul(DFS);70,NelsonL,30Jul(SF);70,Belknap_,7Jun(VMK);64,Fairbury_,2Jul(VMK);55,MomenceSod,28Jul(CAT);55,Chau,28Jul(JJDetal.);54,Tri-County SP (DuPageCo), 26 Jun (GP); 52,DPCA, 14 Jul (DFS); 50,GlacialPk,23Jun(JL);50,Duntemansodfarm(Kaneville,KaneCo),27Jul(ASA);50,McKeeM(DuPageCo),9Jul(GP);50,Montrose,5Jul(MD);50,FarmdaleRA(TazewellCo),24Jul(DHr);50,Streator_,9 Jun (JAS). Others:PleasantValleyCA(McHenryCo) (36),28Jul(SGr);Cary (McHenryCo) (32),5Jul (SPH);RollinsSav(30),29Jul(RN); Fermi (44), 25 Jun (ASA); PalatineM (Cook Co) (47), 22 Jul(GAW);WampumLWdsFP(CookCo)(31),1Jul(BLd);HelmickNP(CookCo) (38),13Jun (AT);Chi (NavyPier) (35),23Jun (TS);Chi(NortherlyI)(40),30-31Jul(JBs,JDW);JP(33),31Jul(PRC);IllinoisRWidewaters (LaSalle Co) (40), 3 Jun (BC); Jamestown_ (43), 2 Jun(DMK);KLMSNA(47),27Jun(C&PD).Carolina ChickadeeBreeding:BuseyWds(adw/fledgling),13May(EJC).MC:19,RendL,6Jun (LWS);18,St.Morgan_,3Jun (KAM);12,CarlL-C,14-15Jul

(DMK); 12, HutchinsCrk BBC, 28May (RSR); 11,White Rock NP(Monroe Co), 17 Jul (C&PD); 11, BeanRdg BBC, 3 Jun (RSR); 10,BigMudWetBBC,27May(RSR);8,Kell_,3Jun(SDB);6,Danville(Vermilion Co), 4 Jul (NK). Edge of range: BuseyWds (Urbana,ChampaignCo)(2),13May&22Jul(EJC&JHresp).Black-capped ChickadeeBreeding: Zion (Lake Co) (ad feeding yg in nest in hole in shedroof),18May(EWW);Zion(LakeCo)(adfeedingfledglings),1May(EWW);AuroraTwp(KaneCo)(4ygfledgedfromyardnestbox),10

May (KF:ph);Montrose (familygroupof6),21Jun (LGM); Toulon (Stark Co) (3 fledglings),3 Jun (JWW); SangamonR (ad w/fledgling),25 Jun (EJC); LOWFP (ad w/fledgling), 2 Jun(EJC);RiverBend(prcourtshipfeeding),21 Mar(CKA);Sang(fledgedyg),1Jun(HDB).MC:29,Kinnikinnick,24Jun(DTW);25,LymanWdsFP(DuPageCo),9&16Jun(BMr);25,ClintonL,28Jul(EW);23,SaltCrk,29Jul(DFS);22,Union_,29 Jun (SDB); 22, LowdMil, 9 Jun (ASA); 22,RobinsonPk(Peoria,PeoriaCo),26Jun(EC);19,GrantWdsFP (LakeCo),10 Jun (CS);19 (inclseveralfamilygroups),SpringCrkFP(CookCo),31Jul(ABA);18,SugarR,1Jul(DTW,MAM);18,JubileeC,14Jun(EC);17,MArb,16Jun(JZ,JSr);17,WaterfallGlenFP(DuPageCo),13Jul(VS);16,FabyanFP (KaneCo),26 Jun (ASA);16,KRSP, 23 Jun (RDH); 15,MoraineHills, 27Jul (SD); 15, Oakhurst FP (Kane Co), 14 Jun(SF); 15, FullersburgWds FP (DuPage Co), 22Jul(DFS);14,LyonsWdsFP(LakeCo),23Jun(EWW);14,BlissWdsFP(KaneCo),12Jul(SF,ATB); 14, St. James Farm FP (DuPageCo), 13Jun(GP).Edge of range: LOWFP (2), 11 Jul (ATS);Milford (Iroquois Co) (2♪♂), 14 Jun (SDB);TwoRivers (2), 22 Jun (DMK,MSS);RamseyLSP(FayetteCo)(5),23Jul(KAM).Tufted TitmouseBreeding:Kankakee(prw/2juv),17Jun(JBH);SiloamSpr (Brown Co) (ad w/2 juv), 23 Jun(JIE);ForestPkNC(PeoriaHeights,PeoriaCo)(5incladtakingfoodtonestcavity),20Jun(EC);

MeadbrkPk(@nestcavity),1Jun(EJC);RiverBend(adw/fledgling),23Jun(CKA);Sang(fledgedyg),15Jun(HDB).MC:28,GiantCitySP (Jackson Co), 30May& 28 Jun (LWS); 21, Dudleyville_, 3 Jun(DMK);20,Kell_, 3 Jun (SDB);19,CedarCrkBBC,30May (RSR);19,HutchinsCrkBBC,28May(RSR);19,BeaverdamL_,6Jun(VMK);18, Sang, 13 Jun (HDB); 18, LaVista Pk (Godfrey,MadisonCo), 25Jun (JnS,DP);18,BeanRdgBBC,3Jun (RSR);17,SoRipHlwBBC,26May (RSR); 13, St.Morgan_, 3 Jun (KAM); 12, CarlL-C, 15 Jul(DMK);10,FarmdaleRA(TazewellCo),6Jun(JoP);9,PereMarquetteSP(JerseyCo),25Jun(JnS,DP).Others:RockCut(5),16Jun(DTW);MissPalis(4),6Jul(BDn);Kinnikinnick(7),24Jun(DTW);SinnissippiPk(Sterling,WhitesideCo)(7),7Jun(DH);LowdMil(4),9Jun(ASA);BigRockFP(KaneCo)(3),2Jul(SF);CamptonFP(KaneCo),3Jun(ABH);BemisWdsFP(CookCo)(2),25Jul(VS);RichardYoung&LyonFPs(KendallCo)(4),12Jul(ASA);McClaughrySprings(Palos)(3),16Jun(GAW,CLW);SwallowCliff (2),24Jun(DFS);Montrose,15Jul(MMC,FRM,JIN);PlumCrk(6),9Jun(FRM);LCal(BeaubienWds FP), 15 Jun (WJM); Thorn Crk NP (Will Co) (5), 3 Jun (SZ);Stark (2),30Jun(CAT);StarvedRock(4),22Jun(BC);RockSpringsCA(MaconCo)(6),10Jul(TM);MiddleforkRFP(ChampaignCo),7Jun(TH).Red-breasted NuthatchBreeding:LyonsWdsFP(LakeCo)(pr@nestholeinbirch),15May– 24 Jul (EWW)& (pr w/2 fledglings), 8Aug (EWW:ph). Others:SenecaTwp(McHenryCo),29Jun(SDB);SwallowCliff,16Jun(DFS);Montrose,8Jun(SJH,AB).White-breasted NuthatchBreeding:Rckfd(BloomSchool)(prw/2juv),1Jul(JL);LOWFP(adw/fledgling), 2 Jun (EJC);MeadbrkPk (@ nest cavity), 1 Jun (EJC).

White-breasted Nuthatch grabbing annual cicada from tree crevice.

Kankakee River, Wilmington, Will County. 20 July 2012.

Photo by Don Blecha.

36 Meadowlark

MC: 20, Robinson Pk (Peoria, Peoria Co), 26Jun(EC);20,CaneyCrkBBC,2Jun(RSR);15,BeanRdgBBC, 3 Jun (RSR); 13, SwallowCliff,28 Jun (DFS);13,MomenceWet,15 Jun (JBH);13, JubileeC, 6 Jul (EC); 12, McClaughreySpringsWdsFP(CookCo),16Jun (GAW);12,PlumCrk, 9 Jun (FRM); 12, SoRipHlw BBC,26May (RSR); 11,GlacialPk, 10 Jul (RG); 10,SugarR, 1 Jul (DTW, MAM); 10, LowdMil, 9Jun (ASA); 10, Sinnissippi Pk (Whiteside Co),7Jun(DH);10,SaltCrk,15Jun(DFS);9,Sang,5 Jun (HDB);9,St.Morgan_,3 Jun (KAM);9,CedarCrkBBC,30May(RSR);8,Kinnikinnick,24Jun(DTW);8,Ryerson,8Jun(GHr);8,MArb,27 Jun (JZ); 8,ThornCrkNP (Will Co), 3 Jun(SZ);8,KRSP,23Jun(RDH).Brown CreeperRiceLkSFWA(FultonCo)(♪♂),4Jun(KBR).Atatraditionalbreedinglocation.House WrenBreeding:Rckfd(5prfeedingygin5nestsaroundyard),19Jun(DTW);CatherineL(LakeCo)(nestonporchw/4-6nestlings),9Jul(PG);MArb(feedingyginnestbox),26Jun(JZ,MN);OakPark(CookCo)(yginnestbox), 4 Jul (fideEDG); Jarvis (ad bringing food to nestlings& arecently fledgedyg), 20 Jun (LGM); 179th/Central FP (CookCo) (prfeeding begging yg& prw/juv), 28 Jul (ABA); LCal (HegewischM)(adw/2fledglings),24Jun(WJM);Geneseo(HenryCo)(prw/nestlingsfledged today),15Jul (SH);JubileeC(10 inclprentering treenestingcavity),14Jun(EC);LOWFP(nestw/yg),9Jun(CKA);Sang(fledgedyg),21Jul(HDB).MC:35,Union_,29Jun(SDB);33,Pembroke,9Jun(RDH);32,Milford_,14Jun(SDB);24,MomenceWet,15Jun(JBH);22,LowdMil,9 Jun (ASA);22 (16♪♂),LCal (HegewischM),24Jun(WJM);19,JubileeC,6Jul(EC);19,Martinsville_,15Jun(SDB);18,LostMoundBBS,21Jun(DBetal.);18,Kinnikinnick,24Jun(DTW);18(17♪♂&ad),LCal(BeaubienWdsFP),15Jun(WJM);16(15♪♂),PoplarGrove (BooneCo), 6&27 Jun (SDB); 17, I&MCanal,UticatoBuffaloRock (LaSalleCo), 13 Jul (BC);15,SugarR,1 Jul (DTW,MAM); 15, Sang, 6 Jul (HDB). Others: Kell_ (8), 3 Jun (SDB);St. Morgan_ (10), 3 Jun (KAM); Jamestown_ (11), 2 Jun (DMK);Dudleyville_(9),3Jun(DMK);CarlL(13),25Jun(KAM).Sedge WrenMC:14,NelsonL,17Jun(SF);11,Kankakee,24Jul(JBH);10(9♪♂),BatesFenNP(McHenryCo),9Jun(SDB);10,HennepinL,20Jul(DFS);10,CarlL-F,25&29Jul(DMK);9,NelsonLkFP(KaneCo),21Jun(DJS);8,Fermi,10Jul(DS);6,MArb,18Jun(JZ);6&5,GLPSNA,1 Jul & 17 Jun (BC (ASA resp); 5♪♂, IBSP, 22-29 Jul (EWW); 5,HennepinL, 19 Jul (DH). Other June records: Wapello LWR (JoDaviessCo),23Jun(DFS);FourLakesFP(WinnebagoCo)(4),17Jun(DTW,BCW);COLSP(4),10&22Jun(BJS);RedwingSlSNA(LakeCo) (3), 2 Jun (BJS);LakewoodFP (3), 7 Jun (BJS);RollinsSav (3),9Jun&22Jul(CS&BJSresp);GrantWdsFP(LakeCo)(3),25Jun(CS);WahlPra (WhitesideCo),1 Jun (DH);PaulDouglas (4),22 Jun

(SWS);PoplarCrkFP(CookCo)(2),1Jun(JV);MillerMeadowsFP(CookCo)(3),20Jun(JSA);Kankakee(4),23Jun(JBH);ICCA(2),9Jun(JIE,IYBC).Note:MuchsmallernumbersinthelaterarrivingbreedingbirdsinJulythisyear,likelyduetothedroughtconditionsinthefieldstheyusuallybreedin.Someusualbreedingareasdidnotevenhavebreedingbirdsthissummer.Marsh WrenBreeding: MoraineHills (nest w/6 eggs), 11 Jun (SDB); AlmondM(empty/dummy nest), 2 Jul (SDB); MidSav (♪♂ nest building &giving courtship display flights), 24 Jun (AFS); Heron CP (pr w/♂nestbuilding),8-17Jul(JR),&adw/juv,5Sep(BL:ph).Firstcountysummer & breeding record.MC: 36 (34♪♂), 7 lg Lake &McHenrymarshes,29May–11Jul(SDB);20,McGinnis,22Jul(LR);12(♪♂),WolfRdPraNP(CookCo),18Jun(SDB);10,COLSP,29Jul(MMC);8,NelsonL, 23 Jul (SF); 8,Chi (DouglasPk), 26 Jun (EDG,AG); 7,Lakewood FP (Lake Co), 1 Jul (BJS); 7, CarsonSl, 12 Jul (SF); 7,PaulDouglas, 22 Jun (SWS); 7, Spring Crk FP (Cook Co), 2-15 Jun

(WP); 6, L&D 13 (WhitesideCo), 8 Jul (SZ);6,Fermi,15Jul (SF);5,RollinsSav,16-29Jun(BJS, CS). Others: Upper SpringL (CarrollCo) (4♪♂), 26 May (EWW); RollinsSav (3),9 Jun (BJS, DRD et al.); Afton FP (DeKalbCo) (4), 3 Jun (TB); L&D 13 (Whiteside Co)(3♪♂onterritory),19May(EWW);SinnissippiPk (Sterling, Whiteside Co), 7 Jun (DH);HennepinL(2),19Jul(DH).Carolina WrenBreeding: Sinnissippi Pk (Sterling, WhitesideCo)(pr@nest),24Jul(DH);Larue/PineHillsEcologicalArea(UnionCo)(adw/4fledglings),10 Jun (VM et al.); Ft. Massac SP (MassacCo) (♀ w/fledgling), 26Apr (KAM).MC: 27,CedarCrk BBC, 30 May (RSR); 22, CONWR(Devil’s KitchenL), 16-27 Jun (LWS); 22,BeaverdamL_, 6 Jun (VMK); 20, Pulaski_, 8

Jun(VMK);20,BeanRdgBBC,3Jun(RSR);19,SoRipHlwBBC,26May(RSR);17,HutchinsCrkBBC,28May(RSR);16,CaneyCrkBBC,2Jun(RSR);12,Kell_,3Jun(SDB);12,St.Morgan_,3Jun(KAM);10,CarlL-C,15Jul(DMK);8,Kankakee,23Jun(JBH).Others:Rockton(WinnebagoCo) (2), 10 Jul (JRy); IBSP (No.Unit), 12 Jul (BJS:ph);LyonsWdsFP(LakeCo)(2),24Jul&9Aug(BJS&EWW);MissPalis,3Jun(JIE);BigRockFP(KaneCo)(2),2Jul(SF);BlackberryMaplesFP(KaneCo)(2),4Jul(ASA);LoneGroveFP(KaneCo),4Jun&3Jul(SF);Elgin(JudsonUniv),22Jul(EEC);Batavia(KaneCo)(♪♂),18Jun(CLC);St.Charles(KaneCo)(♪♂),9Jul(CMn);CamptonFP(KaneCo),19Jun(CLC);LymanWdsFP(DuPageCo)(2),24Jun&20Jul(GAW&GPresp);MArb(2),17Jul(JZ,MN);YorkWdsFP(DuPageCo),8Jul(DFS);PaulDouglas(2),26Jun(SWS);SwallowCliff,24Jun(DFS);Evanston(CookCo)(♪♂),30Jun(RD);Homewood(CookCo),23Jun–19Jul(PL);Westchester(CookCo)(♪♂),16Jul(DFS);SaltCrk(3),29Jul (DFS);ChicagoR(NorthTown,Chi) (♪♂),29Jun (DKA);NoP(♪♂),20Jul (JIN,JP);Montrose (2♪♂),26Jun(KH&RDH)&upto3there12-26Jul(RDH,MMC,LGM,etal.:ph);LCal(BeaubienWdsFP)(♪♂),15Jun(WJM);Jarvis(♪♂),31Jul(LGM);McClaughrySprings (Palos), 16 Jun (GAW, CLW); Burnham Pra NA (Cook Co)(♪♂),28Jun(HC);Geneseo(HenryCo),19Jun–26Jul(SH);DPCA,14Jul(DFS);Wilmington(WillCo)(♪♂),7Jul(AFS,RE);Chi(BuenaPark)(♪♂),8Jul(JIE);MatthiessenSP(LaSalleCo)(2),22Jun(BC);IlliniSP(LaSalleCo),21Jul(BC);HooverFP(KendallCo)(2),6Jun(ASA);PilcherPark(Joiet,WillCo)(♪♂),Jun-Jul(CC);GLPSNA,1Jul(BC);Kankakee,8Jun(JBH);Sang(7),23Jun(HDB).Note: A major influx of this species occurred in the Chicago landarea in late Jun thru Jul,with birds continuing to be found thruAug.Thiswas likely causedby largenumbers abandoningnests in central/southernIllinoisduetothedroughtandwanderingnorthwardinsearchofincreasedinsectfood.BEWICK’S WREN Breeding: SiloamSpr (pr w/2 fledglings), 23 Jun (JIE:ph). Other:BuckhornTwp(BrownCo)(♪♂),5May–earlyJun+(MPW).“Inidealbreedinghabitat”(MPW),soalmostsurelybreeding.

Bewick’s Wren. Siloam Springs State Park, Adams County. 23 June 2012.

Photo by Josh Engel.

Blue-gray Gnatcatcher at nest with five young. Morton Arboretum, DuPage County. 27 June 2012. Photo by Dick Yamasaki.

Volume 22, Number 1 37

Blue-gray GnatcatcherBreeding:LakeVilla(LakeCo)(prw/2recentfledglings),24Jun(RBs);LesArendsFP(KaneCo)(adnestbuilding),1May(KS:ph);FabyanFP(KaneCo)(prnestbuilding),4May(JHn);MArb(adfeeding5yginnest),27Jun(DY:ph,m.ob.);LymanWdsFP(DuPageCo)(6inclad@nest),24Jun(GAW);SwallowCliff(finishednest disassembled & moved a week later), 5 May (WSS:ph); Chi(LincolnPkGC)(prw/fledgling),19Jun(LGM);LCal(HegewischM)(adonnest),27May,(w/agitatedprcarryingfoodthere),24Jun(WJM);AllertonPk(PiattCo)(pr@nestoverrd),5May(JJa);MeadbrkPk(nestbuilding),10May(EJC);RiverBend,23Jun(CKA);Sang(juv),1Jul(HDB);LakeofEgypt(SNF,JohnsonCo)(prfeedingyg@nest),27Apr(SDB,CAT);LimekilnSpringsPr(PulaskiCo)(buildingnestovertrl),9Jun(VMetal.).MC:44,BeanRdgBBC,3Jun(RSR);40,SoRipHlwBBC,26May(RSR);23,CaneyCrkBBC,2Jun(RSR);23,CedarCrkBBC,30May(RSR);22,HutchinsCrkBBC,28May(RSR);21,WhiteRockNP(MonroeCo),17Jul(C&PD);14,CentennialTrl(WillCo),21Jun(JAS);12,MArb,10Jul(DSr);12,Elsen’sHillFP(DuPageCo),25Jun(GP);10,St.JamesFarmFP(DuPageCo),13Jun(GP);10,SkokieLagoons(CookCo),14Jun(DW);10,SwallowCliff,16Jun(DFS);10,LCal(HegewischM),24Jun(WJM);10,CarlL-C,15&29Jul(DMK);8,MoraineHills,8Jul(MMd,KD);8,LCal(BeaubienWdsFP),15Jun(WJM);8,FabyanFP(KaneCo),6Jun(SF);8,CrabtreeNC(CookCo),16Jun(S&BF).Others:RockCut(6),3Jun(DTW);Kinnikinnick(4),24Jun(DTW);COLSP(5),22Jun(BJS);CubaMFP(LakeCo)(5),22Jun(DW); IBSP(6),29Jul (EWW);Ryerson(5),21Jul (GAW);BigRockFP(KaneCo)(7),16Jun(SF);WaterfallGlenFP(DuPageCo)(7),13Jul(VS);Fermi(7),5Jun(GP);SaltCrk(7),10Jun(DFS);HooverFP(KendallCo)(6),23Jun(ASA);SaganashkeeSl(CookCo)(7),9Jun(DFS);JP(3thruseason)(PRC).Eastern BluebirdBreeding:Rckfd (pr building nest in bluebird box),20 Mar (DTW);Rckfd(prfeeding4chicksinnestbox),3Jul(DTW);SugarR(prfeeding3fledglings),30May(DTW)but(3familygroupsoffledgedbirds),1Jul(DTW,MAM);AlmondM(pr@nestcavityindeadtreestub),2Jul(SDB);JelkeCrkBS(KaneCo)(fledglingatopaWODUbox),26Jun(SB);MArb(lotsofjuvs),19Jun(JZ,MN);SpringCrkFP(CookCo)(familygroupof5),31Jul(ABA);WolfRdPraNP(CookCo)(♀w/juv@nestbox&another♀feeding2juvs),6Jun(LP);Chi(RosehillCem) (ad nesting in tree cavity), 4 Jun (MD);Aroma FP (KankakeeCo)(8inclyg@nestbox),2Jun(JBH);LOWFP(partiallycompletednestinnestbox),21 Mar&(“the1stroundofbluebirdshavefledged”fromnestboxes),14May(CKA);RiverBend(pr@nestboxw/partiallyfinishednest),21 Mar&(nestw/2 eggs),28 Mar(CKA).“I’veneverhadabluebirdegglayedinMar”;Loami(SangamonCo)(♂feeding2juv),6May(DSs);Sang(fledgedyg),3Jun(HDB);LivelyGroveTwp(WashingtonCo)(1steggsinnestboxon18 Mar;4ygon6Apr;3ygnearlyfledgedon22Apr)(TJD).MC:39,BeaverdamL_,6Jun(VMK);16,MArb,13Jul(JZ,MN);16,Pembroke,9Jun(RDH);15,SugarR,1Jul(DTW,MAM);14,Sang,23Jun(HDB);12,St.Morgan_,3Jun(KAM);10,Kell_,3Jun(SDB).Veery MC: 18, LowdMil, 9 Jun (ASA). Others: RockCut, 3 Jun (DTW);MissPalis(2),3Jun(JIE);VoloBog(1-2),7Jun–14Jul(DMK,TAM,S&BF);LyonsWdsFP (LakeCo),17&24Jun (BJS&EWWresp);PaulDouglas,18Jun(SWS);EricksonWdsFP(CookCo),4Jun(AFS);SpringCrkValleyFP(CookCo)(♪♂),21Jun(JBy);WolfRdWdsFP(CookCo)(2),9Jun(DFS);McClaughreySpringsWdsFP(CookCo),3Jun(MMC,FRM);SwallowCliff(4),24Jun(DFS);ICCA,9Jun(GAW,IYBC);KankakeeRSP,23Jun(JBH).

Swainson’s ThrushNBSO: Chi(ColumbusPk),(♪♂),20Jun(EDG:vr).Wood ThrushBreeding:SutkerGroveFP(CookCo)(adonnest),4Jun(JRo).MC:22,CaneyCrkBBC,2Jun(RSR);17,SoRipHlwBBC,26May(RSR);12,WhiteRockNP(MonroeCo),17Jul(C&PD);11(♪♂),OtegoTwp(FayetteCo),21Jun(SDB);10,KRSP,23Jun(RDH);9,MomenceWet,15Jun(JBH);8,Kinnikinnick,24Jun(DTW);8,SugarR,1Jul(DTW,MAM); 7,BeanRdgBBC, 3 Jun (RSR); 6,MissPalis, 3 Jun (JIE); 6,MatthiessenSP (LaSalleCo), 22 Jun (BC); 6,FallCrkTwp (AdamsCo), 31 Jul (AGD); 5,McClaughrey SpringsWds FP (CookCo), 16Jun (GAW); 5, Belknap_, 7 Jun (VMK). Others: LostMound BBC(3),21Jun(DBetal.);MacombTwp(McDonoughCo),13Jun(LLH).(Occurances of) “this species becoming a rare event in McDonoughCounty”(LLH);CarlL-C(4),1Jul(DMK).American RobinBreeding: FabyanFP (KaneCo) (♀@nestw/2 yg), 13May (BLe);MArb (3 breeding pairs, incl, ad feeding 4 yg ready to fledge, ad oneggs @ nest, & ad nest building), 21 Apr (EWW); Busse Wds FP(CookCo)(prw/foodforyg),1Jun(ABA);CBG(adonnest),9Jun(ABA);Homewood(CookCo)(3 lgyg innest),17Jun&(adw/nestmaterial),2Jul(PL);Chi(ColumbusPk)(severalactivenests&lotsoffledglings),3Jun&(adscollectingmudfornewnests),24Jun(EDG);Montrose(2nests,onew/4chicks),30Jun(JIE)&(adonnest),7Jul(GAW);JP(1stnest-buildingon1Apr) (PRC);Milford(IroquoisCo)(nestw/3AMROeggs),7 Aug (fide JR);Bushnell (McDonoughCo)(adaddingmaterialtopreviousyearsnest,butnestlaterabandoned),27 Mar(LLH);Bushnell(McDonoughCo)(♀feedingJapanesebeetlestoa juv), season(LLH);BuseyWds(adonnest),27May(EJC);MiddleForkFP(ChampaignCo)(nestw/eggs),3 Aug (EJC);Spfld(2newlyhatchedyg),17 Aug(RLJ);Danville(singleygfledgedfromnest,whichhadheld3eggson10Aug),28 Aug(JR).MC:400,CarlL-C,25Jun&15Jul(DMK);182,Sheffield_,17Jun(DFS);178(flyingfrommorningroost insmallgroups),MoraineHills,11Jul(SDB);174,Jamestown_,2Jun(DMK);169,BemisWdsFP(CookCo),26Jul(DFS);160,Chi(ColumbusPk),2Jul(EDG);149,MArb,15Jul(JZ,JSr);139,Union_,29 Jun (SDB); 139,Pontiac_, 3 Jul (VMK); 130,St.Morgan_, 3 Jun(KAM);120,PereMarquetteSP(JerseyCo),22Jun(DMK,MSS);100,Streator_,9Jun(JAS);94,RenwickLNP(WillCo),1Jul(DFS);85,Chi(IrvingPark),28Jul(DKA).Note: “Thereweremany birds in Bushnell and a number of nests inmy neighborhood, but there seemed to be a very low fledgling rate.I suspect the heat and drought made earthworms difficult to obtain”(LLH).Gray CatbirdBreeding:FourLakesFP (WinnebagoCo) (adcarrying food),17Jun(DTW, BCW); Rockton (Winnebago Co) (ad carrying fecal sac), 5Jun (DTW);MArb (11 incl familiesw/fledgedyg),26 Jun (JZ,MN);Montrose (ad feeding juv), 22 Jul (JIE:ph);MeadbrkPk (ad on nest),2 Aug (EJC); RiverBend (fledged yg), 13 Jun (EJC); Sang (fledgedyg),15Jun(HDB).MC:43,Pembroke,9Jun(RDH);33,Sheffield_17Jun (DFS); 23,SwallowCliff, 16 Jun (DFS);23,DPCA,4 Jul (DFS);21,Kinnikinnick,24Jun (DTW);21, JubileeCollegeSP (PeoriaCo),6 Jul (EC);20,Mazonia-BraidwoodSFWA(GrundyCo), 9&16 Jun

Marsh Wren adult, left, with young, right. Heron County Park, Vermilion

County. 5 September 2012. Photo by Bud Lewsader.

This is the first nesting record for this species in Vermilion County.

38 Meadowlark

(JBH);17,PoplarGrove(BooneCo),27Jun(SDB);17,VoloBog,24Jun(B.Fotland);17,HennepinL,20Jul(DFS);17,Sang,29Jul(HDB);16,MArb,9Jun(JZ,JSr); 16,JP,13Jun(PRC);16,LCal(BeaubienWoodsFP),15Jun(WJM);16,Sang,15Jun(HDB);15,SugarR,15Jul(DK);15,GrantWdsFP(LakeCo),25Jun(CS);15,Kankakee,23Jun(JBH);14,BigRockFP(KaneCo),16Jun(SF);14,BluffSpringFenNP(CookCo),30Jun(MMg);14(11♪♂),LCal(BurnhamPra),4Jun(WJM,SBB);14,MomenceWet,12Jun(JBH).Brown ThrasherBreeding: Nachusa (fledgedyg), 12 Jun (ABH); Chi(Humboldt Pk) (2 gatheringnest material), 3 Jun (VM);Montrose (fledgling), 8 Jul(LGM);BraidwoodL(prw/juv),16 Jul (JBH); Sang (fledgedyg), 14 Jun (HDB); CarlL(pr w/2 grown yg), 14 May(KAM). MC: 26, LostMoundBBC, 21 Jun (DB et al.); 13,St. Morgan_, 3 Jun (KAM);12, Big Rock FP (Kane Co),5 Jun (SF); 10, Sheffield_, 17Jun (DFS); 10, Jamestown_, 2Jun(DMK);8,McCunePra,23Jun (BC); 8, Midewin, 7 Jun(JAS); 8,CarlL-C, 15 Jul (DMK); 7,Sang, 5 Jun&21 Jul (HDB);7,Martinsville_,15Jun(SDB);7,Columbia_,2Jun(KAM);6,Mazonia-Braidwood SFWA (Grundy Co), 16 Jun (JBH); 6,Atkinson_, 13 Jun(DFS); 6, Belknap_, 7 Jun (VMK); 6, Stillwell_, 27 Jun (VMK); 6,Fairbury_,2Jul(VMK).Northern MockingbirdBreeding: Urbana (South Farms) (pr w/fledgling), 16 Jun (GSL).MC:20,LostMoundBBC,21Jun(DBetal.);20,Jamestown_,2Jun(DMK);19,Midewin,23Jun(JAS);18,St.Morgan_,3Jun(KAM);15,Columbia_,2Jun(KAM);13,Belknap_,7Jun(VMK);13,Pulaski_,8Jun(VMK);10,Kell_,3Jun(SDB);8,Midewin,23Jun(JAS).Others:LakewoodFP (LakeCo),2 Jun (EL);ByronTwp (OgleCo) (1&2),24Jun&14Julresp(TL);Nachusa(pr),26Jun(ABH);HarmonTwp(LeeCo)(2),1Jun(DH);Chi,5-6Jun(LPC,VM);Atkinson_,13Jun(DFS);McCunePra,23Jun(BC);DresdenIL&D(GrundyCo)(3),30Jun(AW);WoodfordCoCA,23Jul(EC);Pembroke(7),9Jun(RDH);Harrison Pk (Danville, Vermilion Co), 4 Jul (NK); Sang (5), 23 Jun(HDB).European StarlingBreeding:AlmondM(adcarryingfoodtotreecavity),28May(SDB).MC: 600,CarlL-C, 13 Jul (DMK); 584,Champaign (along I-57), 14Jul(GP);500,WhispWill,29Jun(JBH);400,LeveeRd(MonroeCo),23 Jun (DMK); 400, CarlL-F, 25 Jul (DMK); 390, JP, 18 Jul (PRC);450,Montrose, 5 Jul (MMC); 350,Midewin, 7 Jun (JAS); 300, Chi(Columbus Pk), 20 Jun (EDG); 300, HL, 15 Jul (GH); 285, 179th/Central FP (Cook Co), 28 Jul (ABA); 271, Pontiac_, 3 Jul (VMK);250, Rckfd (Bloom School), 18 Jul (JCr et al.); 250, Berwyn (CookCo),23Jun(GN);242,Jamestown_,2Jun(DMK);230,NygrenWet,30Jun(ATB);200,KenyonFarmFP(KaneCo),22Jul(ASA);200,PereMarquetteSP(JerseyCo),22Jun(DMK,MSS);171,Union_,29Jun(SDB);164,Chi(QueenofHeavenCem),29Jul(DFS);150,SedgwickL(OrlandPark,CookCo),28Jul(GHa);150,Dudleyville_,3Jun(DMK);150,KaskaskiaI (RandolphCo),2Jul (MMn);147,LostMoundBBC,21 Jun (DBet al.); 147,ZumaTwp (Rock IslandCo), 13 Jun (DFS);135,Sheffield_,17Jun (DFS);132,St.Morgan_,3Jun (KAM);130,BraidwoodL,16Jul(JBH);126,Beaucoup_,1Jun(DMK).American PipitMontrose,7 Jul(GAW,TKy,MD,COS).Cedar WaxwingBreeding:LSummerset_ (prw/oneonnest), 8 Jun (DTW);BigRockFP(KaneCo)(adnestbuilding),16Jun(SF);AuroraTwp(KaneCo)(adincubatingonnest),13–27Jun(KF);YorkWdsFP(DuPageCo)(ad feeding4yg fledglings), 8 Jul (DFS);BergmanSl (Palos) (adson2 nests), 14 Jun (RLS); Palos (nest hanging over Ford Rd), 14 Jun

(WSS:ph);Chi(ColumbusPk)(adfeedingfledglings),9Jul(EDG);JP(adonnest),23Jun(PADetal.),w/1stjuv,22Jul(PRC);HomerL(nestbuilding), 7 Jun (EJC); Sang (juv), 7 Jul (HDB).MC: 63, NelsonL,2 Jun (KCA); 48, JP, 2 Jun (RLS); 34,Sheffield_, 17 Jun (DFS); 32,BraidwoodL, 21 Jul (JBH); 28,KRSP, 25 Jul (JBH); 26,Union_, 29Jun (SDB); 26,CottonCreekMNP (McHenryCo), 9 Jun (SDB); 25,VoloBog,7Jun (S&BF);25,GillsonPk(Wilmette,CookCo),17Jun(SP); 25, Skokie Lagoons (Cook Co), 14 Jun (DW); 25, WhalonL

FP (Will Co), 29 Jun (JAS);24, Tri-County SP (DuPageCo), 25 Jul (GP); 23,Amboy(Lee Co), 27 Jul (JWW); 23,DuPageRTrl(WillCo),22Jun(JAS); 23, Fermi, 5 Jun (GP);22, GreeneVal, 3 Jun (JAS);22,LCal(BurnhamPra),4Jun(WJM); 22, KRSP (Will Co),19Jul(JBH);21,HelmickNP(Cook Co), 13 Jun (AT); 21& 20, Montrose, 20 Jul & 2Jun (GAW& FRM resp); 20,OpenlandsLakeshorePr(LakeCo), 9 Jun (SK); 20, FabyanFP (Kane Co), 13 Jun (SF);20,CrabtreeNC(CookCo),1Jun (MS); 20, Big BendL FP(Cook Co), 26 Jun (JFa); 20,

PlumCrk,9Jun(FRM);20,Kankakee,12Jul(JBH).OvenbirdBreeding: LowdMil (ad carrying food), 6 Jun (DTW). MC: 26,LowdMil, 9 Jun (ASA); 14, CaneyCrk BBC, 2 Jun (RSR); 11(♪♂), OtegoTwp (Fayette Co), 21 Jun (SDB); 11, CONWR (Devil’sKitchenL),16-27Jun(LWS);9,SiloamSpr,23Jun(JIE);7,MacArthurWds NP (Lake Co), 16 Jun (GHr); 6, GrantWds FP (Lake Co), 10Jun(CS);6,SoRipHlwBBC,26May(RSR).Others:MissPalis(4),3Jun(JIE);MArb(3),5Jun(DSr);KRSP(WillCo)(3),11Jun(JBH);MomenceWet(3),15Jun(JBH).Worm-eating WarblerBreeding:PereMarquetteSP(JerseyCo)(prfeedingnestlings),25Jun(JnS, DP).MC: 27, CONWR (Devil’s KitchenL), 16-27 Jun (LWS);18,BeanRdgBBC,3Jun(RSR);12,CaneyCrkBBC,2Jun(RSR);9,SoRipHlwBBC,26May (RSR);7,WhiteRockNP (MonroeCo),17Jul(C&PD);7,CedarCrkBBC,30May(RSR);6,PereMarquetteSP(JerseyCo),25Jun(JnS,DP).Others:FoxRidgeSP(ColesCo)(pr),4Jul(AFS,RE,APS).Louisiana WaterthrushBreeding: Larue/Pine Hills Ecological Area (Union Co) (pr w/2fledglings), 10 Jun (VM et al.).MC: 17, CaneyCrk BBC, 2 Jun(RSR); 16, HutchinsCrk BBC, 28 May (RSR); 8, SoRipHlw BBC,26May(RSR);7,CedarCrkBBC,30May(RSR);4,BlackPartridgePk (Metamora, Woodford Co), 13 Jun (TH); 4♂, Salisbury Twp(SangamonR, SangamonCo), 6 Jun (HDB); 4,BeanRdgBBC, 3 Jun(RSR). Others: MissPalis (3), 3 Jun (JIE);Wolf RdWds FP (CookCo) (♪♂), 9 Jun (DFS);McClaughrySprings (Palos) (pr&♪♂), 3&16 Jun (MMC, FRM& GAW, CLW resp); StarvedRock (2), 22 Jun(TH);MackinawRSFWA(TazewellCo)(♪♂),23Jun(AFS,RE,APS);RiverBend(pr),Jun(CKA).Blue-winged WarblerBreeding:Pomona(prw/onecarryingfood),11Jun(VMetal.).MC:4♪♂, Bergman Sl & John J. Duffy FPs (Palos), 10 Jun (RLS); 4♪♂,PlumCrk,9Jun(JIE);3,GrantWdsFP(LakeCo),17Jun(B.Fotland);3,LowdMil,6Jun(DTW).Black-and-white WarblerBreeding: Johnston City (Williamson Co) (♀ carrying food), 25 Jun(MPW).MC:5,CedarCrkBBC,30May(RSR);3,HutchinsCrkBBC,28May (RSR). Others: PlumCrk, 15 Jun (SBB);McKinleyWds FP(WillCo) (imm♀), 28 Jul (DFS); Spfld (Washington Pk) (♀), 1 Jun(HDB);SangchrisSP(SangamonCo)(ad♂,basicplum),23Jul(HDB);CarlL-C (♀), 14 Jul & (♂), 15 Jul (DMK:ph); CarlL-B (♂), 15 Jul(DMK:ph);Pomona(♀),11Jun(VMetal.).

Adult Black-and-white Warbler. Tamalco Boat Ramp, Carlyle Lake, Bond County. 16 July 2012. Photo by Dan Kassebaum.

Volume 22, Number 1 39

Prothonotary WarblerBreeding:SaganashkeeSl(CookCo)(prnestinginaCLSWnestunderbridge),9Jun(RB:ph);MomenceWet(prentering&leavingnestcavityintree),16Jun(RDH);MarshallSFWA(MarshallCo)(♪♂seencarryingfood tonest), 9 Jun (BC,TH);MelroseTwp (AdamsCo) (ad feedingyg),31Jul(AGD).MC:26,SugarRfromRock,WIton. Winnebago,2 Jun (DTW,MJW); 19,RendL, 6 Jun (LWS); 10,MomenceWet, 15Jun(JBH);7,BigMudWetBBC,27May(RSR);7,CypressCrkNWR(HogansBtms,UnionCo),12Jun(MML).Others:ColoredSandsFP(WinnebagoCo)(2),2Jun(JL);IslandLake(FoxR,McHenryCo)(♪♂),8Jun(SDB);COLSP,1Jun(BJS);DesPlainesRiverway(DuPageCo)(4),30Jun(GG);Pratt’sWW(2),15Jul(TR);SkokieLagoons(CookCo)(3,incl2♪♂&possiblepr?),3-4Jun(FRM,MMC:ph,JWLetal.),w/onethru26Jun(GP);DesPlainesRiverwayFP(CookCo)(2),2Jun(VS);CentennialTrl (WillCo)(2),21Jun(JAS); IsleALaCacheFP(WillCo)(♪♂),25Jun(AFS);MarshallSFWA(MarshallCo)(2),9&20Jun(BC&THresp);MendenhallPk(Peoria,PeoriaCo),17&19Jul(EC);WoodfordCoCA(3),10Jul(TH);EastPeoria(TazewellCo),4Jun–4Jul(DHr,EC);LomaxTwp(HendersonCo)(♂),27Jul(LLH);Spfld (RiversidePk) (3), 5 Jun (TLk);Belltown (GreeneCo), 10 Jun(EWW);TwoRivers(6),22Jun(DMK,MSS).SWAINSON’S WARBLERNoreports.Mourning WarblerOrioleGrove FP (LakeCo) (♪♂), 14& 19 Jun (GHr:vr);CubaMFP(LakeCo)(♪♂),17Jun(BJS).Kentucky WarblerBreeding:SiloamSpr(♀carryingfoodtoyg@nest),23Jun(JIE).MC:17,CedarCrkBBC,30May (RSR);12,CONWR(Devil’sKitchenL),16-27Jun (LWS);11,GiantCitySP (JacksonCo),30May&23Jun(LWS);11,SoRipHlwBBC,26May (RSR);9,BeanRdgBBC,3 Jun(RSR);8(7♪♂,♀),SiloamSpr,23Jun(JIE);8,CaneyCrkBBC,2Jun(RSR); 7, HutchinsCrk BBC, 28 May (RSR). Others: LowdMil (3),6 Jun (DTW);Miller-AndersonWdsNP (BureauCo), 13 Jul (JWL);KRSP,23Jun(RDH);AllertonPk(PiattCo),24Jun(TAM);Sang(2),6&13Jun(HDB).Common YellowthroatBreeding:SpringCrkFP(CookCo)(agitatedpr&♀w/foodforyg),31Jul(ABA);Sang(fledgedyg),1Jul(HDB).MC:111(106♪♂),@10lgLake&McHenrymarshes,29May–11Jul(SDB);55,Fermi,10Jul (DS);53,GLPSNA,1 Jul (BC);51,Martinsville_,15 Jun (SDB);44,WapelloLWR(JoDaviessCo),23Jun (DFS);37,HennepinL,20Jul (DFS);29,Pembroke,9 Jun (RDH);28,NelsonL,1 Jun (DL);28(27♪♂), LCal (Burnham Pra), 4 Jun (WJM, SBB); 28, DPCA, 4 Jul(DFS); 24, RollinsSav, 3 Jun (S&BF); 23, Kell_, 3 Jun (SDB); 22,NygrenWet, 24 Jul (ATB); 21,LakewoodFP (LakeCo), 1 Jul (BJS);21,Midewin,23Jun(JAS);20,SilverCrkCA(McHenryCo),10Jul(CL); 20,MArb, 16 Jun (JZ, JSr); 18, Sheffield_, 17 Jun (DFS); 17,McKeeM (DuPage Co), 9 Jul (GP); 17, PrRdg-J, 12 Jun (JWW) 16,NelsonL,21Jun(DJS);16,MatthiessenSP(LaSalleCo),15Jul(BC);16,Dudleyville_,3Jun(DMK);15,BigMudWetBBC,27May(RSR).Hooded WarblerMC: 10, SoRipHlw BBC, 26May (RSR); 7, CaneyCrk BBC, 2 Jun(RSR); 5, MissPalis, 3 Jun (JIE); 4, SwallowCliff (3♪♂, ♀), 16-28Jun (DFS); 4,BeanRdgBBC, 3 Jun (RSR); 4,HutchinsCrkBBC, 28May (RSR). Others: Hanover Bluff SNA (Jo Daviess Co) (♪♂), 15Jun(DTW);SugarR,1Jul(DTW,MAM);OrioleGroveFP(LakeCo),16-19Jun(GHr);Ryerson(♪♂),3Jun(BJS,JSS);CamptonFP(KaneCo)(♪♂),30May-16Jun(ABH);PaulDouglas,26Jun(SWS);DeerGroveFP(CookCo),24Jun(NRG);SpringCrkFP(CookCo),2-7Jun(WP);CapSauersFP(CookCo),27Jun(AFS);FoxRidgeSP(ColesCo)(♂&♀,2locations),4Jul(AFS,RE,APS).American RedstartBreeding: Silver Springs SP (Kendall Co) (4 incl ♂ feeding BHCOfledgling), 4 Jul (ASA).MC: 32, Pomona, 2 Jun (LWS, DDM); 21(17♂,4♀),MomenceWet,15Jun(JBH);15,MissPalis,3Jun(JIE);12,COLSP,22Jun(BJS).Others:GalenaRTrl(JoDaviessCo)(8),27Jun(DWy);RockCut (6),3 Jun (DTW);MoraineHills (McHenryD) (4),7Jul(JIE,MMC);IBSP(SandPond)(4♪♂),5-26Jun(BJS);ThompsonCauseway&Fulton(WhitesideCo)(4),13Jun(JL);LowdMil(6),9Jun

(ASA);VirgilGilmanTrl(KaneCo)(3♪♂),21Jun(DJS);Tri-CountySP(DuPageCo)(2),22Jun(GP);MArb(♪♂),16Jun–12Jul(JZ,DYetal.);SaganashkeeSl(CookCo)(3&1),9Jun&15Jul(DFS);LCal(BurnhamPra)(3♪♂incl1stsummerbird),4Jun(WJM,SBB);LCal(WolfL)(1stsummer♪♂),7&23Jun(WJM);DPCA(MilikenL)(3),30Jun(DFS);MarshallSFWA(MarshallCo),9-16Jun(BC);AllertonPk(PiattCo),24Jun(TAM);TwoRivers(4),22Jun(DMK,MSS);St.Morgan_ (4), 3 Jun (KAM); Jamestown_ (5), 2 Jun (DMK);CarlL-B(4), 19 Jun - 1 Jul (DMK);CarlL-C (4), 29 Jul (DMK);HutchinsCrkBBC(5),28May(RSR);Fayville(AlexanderCo)(2),14Jun(DMK).Cerulean WarblerMC: 16, Pomona, 2 Jun (LWS, DDM); 7, CedarCrk BBC, 30 May(RSR); 5 (♪♂), RockCut, 3 Jun (DTW); 4, SoRipHlwBBC, 26May(RSR). Others: Hanover Bluff SNA (Jo Daviess Co) (♪♂), 15 Jun(DTW); RockCut (2-3 ♪♂), 17May – 18 Jun (DTW); COLSP (♪♂),10-22 Jun (BJS);MissPalis (2♪♂), 3 Jun (JIE); SwallowCliff, 22 Jun(CH);MomenceWet(♪♂),15Jun(JBH);QuincyBay(AdamsCo)(♪♂),12 Jul (AGD); SiloamSpr (♪♂), 23 Jun (JIE);ne. Calhoun (3), 3 Jun(BA);HutchinsCrkBBC(2♪♂),28May(RSR).Northern ParulaMC:18,HutchinsCrkBBC,28May(RSR);16,CaneyCrkBBC,2Jun(RSR);15,Pomona,2Jun(LWS,DDM);14,CedarCrkBBC,30May(RSR);14,SoRipHlwBBC,26May(RSR);5,Spfld(RiversidePk),5Jun(TLk);5,SiloamSpr,23Jun(JIE);5,St.Morgan_,3Jun(KAM).Others: Keough Effigy Pr (Jo Daviess Co), 5 Jun (DWy); RockCut(3♪♂), 20 Jun (DTW);MissPalis (2), 3& 22 Jun (JIE&DFS resp);LowdMil,9Jun(ASA);SannaukFP(DeKalbCo),24Jun(ASA);BigRockFP(KaneCo),5Jun–2Jul(SF);FabyanFP(KaneCo)(2♪♂),4Jul(SF);Johnson’sMoundFP(KaneCo),2Jun(SAC);WaterfallGlenFP(DuPageCo)(♪♂),9Jun(CH);Chi(QueenofHeavenCem)(♪♂),8Jul(DFS);StarvedRock,17Jun&15Jul(NBr&BCresp);HooverFP (Kendall Co) (2), 6-23 Jun (ASA); Miller-Anderson NP (BureauCo),13Jul(JWL);Sheffield_,17Jun(DFS);HennepinL,20Jul(DFS);DPCA(♪♂),30Jun(DFS);MomenceWet,16Jun(RDH);RockIslandTrl (Wyoming, Stark Co) (2), 15 Jun – 14 Jul (JWW); Roberts Twp(Marshall Co), 9 Jun (BC); KRSP (6), 23 Jun (RDH);MomenceWet(3), 15 Jun (JBH); Black Partridge Pk (Woodford Co), 13 Jun (TH);FarmdaleRA(TazewellCo),6Jun–27Jul(DHr,JoP);LOWFP(♪♂),9Jun(EJC);CarlL-C(4),1Jul(DMK);CONWR(4♪♂),29Jun(KAM).Yellow WarblerBreeding:AuroraWest FP (Kane Co) (pr feeding fledglings), 1 Jun(LW);MArb (ad feeding 2 fledged yg), 26 Jun (JZ,MN);Montrose(very recently fledged yg), 27 Jun (JIE); SaganashkeeSl (Cook Co)(nest w/3 eggs), 9 Jun (DFS); LCal (HegewischM) (♀ w/fledgling),21Jul(WJM);LCal(WolfL)(prfeedingjuvBHCO),23Jun(WJM);FarmdaleRA(TazewellCo)(pr@nest),6Jun(JoP);RiverBend(adw/fledgedyg),23Jun(CKA);Sang(prfeedingfledglings),16Jun(HDB).MC: 28,NelsonL, 2 Jun (KCA); 24 (22♪♂), 8 lgLake&McHenrymarshes,29May–3Jul(SDB);24,GreeneVal,14Jun(ASA);23(15♪♂),LCal(BurnhamPraM),4Jun(WJM,SBB);22,LCal(WolfL),23Jun(WJM);19,GreeneVal,3Jun(JAS);18,JP,13Jun(PRC);16♪♂,LCal(BeaubienWdsFP),15Jun(WJM);13,GrantWdsFP(LakeCo),13Jun(CS);13,AuroraWestFP(KaneCo),5Jun(SF);13,BigRockFP (Kane Co), 5 Jun (SF); 13 (10♪♂), LCal (HegewischM), 24 Jun(WJM);12,LakewoodFP(LakeCo),7Jun(BJS);11,VoloBog,7Jun(S&BF);11,CubaMFP(LakeCo),15Jun(DW,GGi);11,RenwickLNP(WillCo),15Jun(ASA);11,Mazonia-BraidwoodSFWA(GrundyCo),9Jun(JBH);10,Fermi,7Jun(DS);10,HerrickLFP(DuPageCo),10 Jun (JSl);Middleport Twp (Iroquois Co) (10♪♂), 13 Jun (SDB).Others: RendL (Ward Branch) (4), 30 Jul (KAM); EldonHazlet SP(ClintonCo)(3),2Jun(KAM);BigMudWetBBC(5),27May(RSR);HutchinsCrkBBC(4),28May(RSR).Chestnut-sided WarblerGlacialPk,10Jul(RG);COLSP(♪♂),10Jun(BJS);IBSP(So.Unit),1Jun(PWS);WaterfallGlenFP(DuPageCo),4Jun(GG);SwallowCliff(♪♂),16&22Jun(DFS&CHresp);LowdMil(2),6Jun(DTW).Pine WarblerBreeding:VanPattenWdsFP(LakeCo)(prw/beggingfledgling),5Jun(PWS);CONWR(adw/newlyfledgedyg),24 Apr(JBn:ph).Amazinglyearlyrecordforfledgedyg!Backdatingwouldputa♀gettingreadytolaythe1steggforthisnestatleastasearlyas7Aprandbeginningto

40 Meadowlark

buildthenestat~thelastfewdaysofMar(SDB).MC:26,CONWR(Devil’s KitchenL), 16-27 Jun (LWS). Others: GlacialPk, 12 Jul(D&MC); MoraineHills (McHenryD) (5), 7 Jul (JIE, NRG, MMC);GrantWdsFP(No.Unit,LakeCo)(4),23Jun(S.Fotland);McDonaldWdsFP(LakeCo),8Jun(BJS);LyonsWdsFP(LakeCo)(♂),24May–24Jun(EWW);MissPalis,22Jun(DFS);WaterfallGlenFP(DuPageCo) (♪♂),9 Jun (CH);LowdMil (4),6 Jun (DTW);RamseyLakeSP(FayetteCo)(4),23Jul(KAM);CarlL-C(3),14Jul(DMK:ph); Thisis another species that is showingupasabreedingbird inmanynewlocationsstatewideasitsfavorednesting/foragingtrees(maturepines)becomelg/oldenough(SDB).Yellow-throated WarblerBreeding: MArb (ad feeding 2 begging juvs), 10 Sep (PAM).MC:37, CONWR (Devil’s KitchenL), 16-27 Jun (LWS); 10, LowdMil, 9Jun (ASA);5,HutchinsCrkBBC,28May(RSR);5,SoRipHlwBBC,26May(RSR). Others:RockCut(2-3♪♂),16Jun–10Jul(DTW);MoraineHills(McHenryD)(♪♂&3),4Jun&7Jul(BSr&JIE,NRG,MMC resp); MissPalis (3), 3 Jun – 6 Jul (JIE, BDn); Sannauk FP(DeKalbCo),24Jun(ASA);MArb,21Jun(ASA);LoudThunderFP(Rock Island Co) (2), 9 Jul (BDn); StarvedRock (2), 17 Jun (NBr);HooverFP(KendallCo),6-23Jun(ASA);McKinleyWdsFP(WillCo)(♪♂),28Jul(DFS);KRSP(5),23Jun(RDH);SingingWdsFP(PeoriaCo)(2),16Jun(EC);LOWFP(♪♂),9Jun(EJC).Prairie WarblerMC: 8, SE Franklin, 31 May (LWS). Others: Waterfall Glen FP(DuPageCo)(2ndyearforthis♪♂@thisfarnorthernlocation),9Jun(CH);PlumCrk(♪♂),9Jun–Jul(JIE:ph,FRM,MD,SBB);Montrose,30Jun(JIE:ph);HennepinTwp(PutnamCo),16Jun(JAS);Maz/Braid(“a few”),2 Jun (DBa:ph).At least3rdyearbreedingat thisnorthernlocation.;FoxRidgeSP(ColesCo),4Jul(AFS,RE,APS);ShelbyvilleL(ShelbyCo),15Jun (TAM);Hardin (CalhounCo),3 Jun (MSS);TheGlades SFWA (Jersey Co), 3 & 16 Jun (MSS, SZ). This species ismakingafairlydramaticpushofoccurrencenorthward&westwardinitsbreedingrangeinIllinois(SDB).Yellow-breasted ChatBreeding:IBSP(SandPond)(prbringingfoodtonestsite),24Jun(JRS,RC,BD);Sang(fledgedyg),27Jun(HDB).MC:19,SE Franklin,28&31May(LWS);12,BeaverdamL_,6Jun(VMK);9,BigMudWetBBC,27May(RSR);9,HutchinsCrkBBC,28May(RSR);7,BraidwoodL,3-5Jul(JBH);5,GLPSNA,17Jun(ASA:ph). Others:NygrenWet(2),11Jul(JRy);SugarR(♪♂),31May-1Jul(DTW);IBSP(No.Unit)(3),17Jun(AFS);CubaMFP(LakeCo)(♪♂),17Jun(BJS);MidSav,6-27Jun(REP);LowdMil(2),6Jun(DTW);Nachusa(2),9Jun(ASA);BurnidgeFP(KaneCo),11Jun(JSl);HickoryKnollsNA(KaneCo)(2),13Jun–10Jul(KCA,KS:ph,MM,PM);CamptonFP(KaneCo)(♪♂),6–13Jun(ABH);GreeneVal,29Jun(ASA);WaterfallGlenFP(DuPageCo)(2),22Jun–11Jul(ASAetal.);JohnJ.DuffyFP(CookCo)(2♪♂),8-12Jun(RLS);PlumCrk(3),9Jul(JWL);McCunePra(2♪♂),25Jun(DTW,BCW);HennepinTwp(PutnamCo),8Jul(DHr);DPCA,4Jul(DFS);Midewin(2),7&23Jun(JAS);SweetFernSavannaLWR(KankakeeCo)(3),19Jun(DFS);MskodaLWR(KankakeeCo)(2),19Jun(DFS);Pembroke(2),9Jun(RDH);Emiquon(2),25Jun(TH);Sang(4&3),27Jun&11Julresp(HDB);MiddleForkRFP(ChampaignCo)(2),7Jun(TH);Dudleyville_(3),3Jun(DMK).Eastern TowheeMC: 21, Pembroke, 9 Jun (RDH); 15, LowdMil, 9 Jun (ASA); 15,Waterfall Glen FP (DuPage Co), 13 Jul (VS); 12, Kinnikinnick, 24

Jun(DTW);12,MArb,1Jun(JSr);12,McCunePra,23Jun(BC);12,Matthiessen SP (LaSalle Co), 22 Jun (BC); 12, Mazonia-BraidwoodSFWA (Grundy Co), 9 Jun (JBH); 11, SwallowCliff, 16 Jun (DFS);10, SugarR, 1 Jul (DTW,MAM); 10, ClinL-C, 15& 29 Jul (DMK);10,Belknap_,7Jun(VMK);9,Sang,14Jun(HDB);9,Martinsville_,15Jun(SDB);8,LostMoundBBC,21Jun(DBetal.);8,BigRockFP(KaneCo),5Jun(SF);8,GreeneVal,14Jun(ASA);8,PlumCrk,15Jun(SBB);8,JubileeCollegeSP(PeoriaCo),6Jul(EC).Chipping SparrowBreeding: Fermi (feeding juv BHCO), 10 Jul (LP,MN); Homewood(CookCo)(adw/juvBHCO),23&29Jun&2Jul(PL);JP(adfeedinglg fledgling), 9 Jul (PRC); SangamonR FP (Champaign Co) (ad w/fledgling), 25 Jun (EJC); Sang (juv), 4 Jul (HDB).MC: 59, Union_,29 Jun (SDB); 53, Sheffield_, 17 Jun (DFS); 31,Atkinson_, 13 Jun(DFS);30,BloomingtonL(McLeanCo),9Jul(BG);22,Columbia_,2Jun (KAM);20,Martinsville_,15Jun (SDB);18,St.Morgan_,3 Jun(KAM); 16,Milford_, 14 Jun (SDB); 15,Midewin, 22 Jul (MD); 14,LowdMil,6Jun(DTW);14,StarvedRock,15Jul(BC);14,Stark,30Jun(CAT);14,Streator_,9Jun(JAS);13,SugarR,1Jun(JRy);12,Geneseo(HenryCo),29Jun(SH);12,MatthiessenSP(LaSalleCo),20Jun(BC);12,MomenceWet,15Jun(JBH);11,Kinnikinnick,24Jun(DTW);11,Chi (RosehillCem), 27 Jun (MD); 10, sw Jo Daviess, 23 Jun (DFS);10,MissPalis,22Jun(DFS);10,ZumaTwp(RockIslandCo),13Jun(DFS);10,HooverFP(KendallCo),30Jun(ASA);10,BraidwoodL,8Jul(JBH);10,Emiquon,21Jun(CD);10,Jamestown_,2Jun(DMK);10,Dudleyville_,3Jun(DMK);10,CarlL-C,14Jul(DMK).Clay-colored SparrowBreeding: Lakewood FP (Lake Co) (3♪♂ incl a pr feeding 2 newlyfledgedyg.Usednest foundnearby),24Jun (SDB,SLD).Other:LostMound(♪♂),21Jun(DTW,FH);Libertyville(nearLakeCoFairgrounds)(♪♂),30Jun (AS);BurnidgeFP(KaneCo) (♪♂),11Jun&20Jul (JSl&EESresp);NelsonL(2&1),2&16Junresp(MM);SpringbrookPraFP(DuPageCo),22Jun(MN);PoplarCrkFP(CookCo),1-11Jun(JV);Montrose(♪♂),6Jun(RDH);Chi(NortherlyI)(♪♂),7Jun(ASA:ph).Field SparrowBreeding:IBSP(No.Unit)(2ad&2juv),22Jun(REP);SpringCrkFP(CookCo)(prcop),4Jun(WP);179th/CentralFP(CookCo)(familyof3),28Jul(ABA);MazoniaLks(KankakeeCo)(pr@nestw/yg&eggs),19Jun(JBH);LOWFP(adw/fledgedyg),24Jun(CKA);SangamonRFP (ChampaignCo) (adw/fledged yg), 25 Jun (EJC); Sang (juv), 20Jul (HDB).MC: 101,Midewin, 23 Jun (JAS); 53, LostMoundBBS,21Jun(DBetal.);53,Pembroke,9Jun(RDH);45,MArb,15Jul(JZ,JSr);34,Kell_,3Jun(SDB);33,Fermi,7Jun(DS);28,Midewin,2Jun(ASA); 25,GlacialPk, 10 Jul (RG); 17,Martinsville_, 15 Jun (SDB);16,SugarR,1Jul (DTW,MAM);16,PlumCrk,15-20Jun (SBB);13,CubaMFP(LakeCo),22Jun(DW);13,HooverFP(KendallCo),30Jun(ASA);12,Kinnikinnick,24Jun(DTW);12,MoraineHills,3Jun(JSl);12,Evans-JudgeFP(WillCo),30Jun(DFS);12,BraidwoodL,8Jul(JBH);12,PrRdg-M(KarlBartelPr),11Jun(JWW);11,SpringCrkFP (CookCo),7 Jun (WP);10,GrantWdsFP (LakeCo),17 Jun (B.Fotland);10,OakhurstFP(KaneCo),16Jun(ASA);10,CamptonFP(KaneCo),7Jun (ABH);10,PaulDouglas,10Jun (FRM);10,179th/CentralFP(CookCo),28Jul(ABA);10,MatthiessenSP(LaSalleCo),20Jun(BC);10,DPCA,4Jul(DFS);10,McCunePra,23-25Jun(BC,BTW);10,WeldonSpringsSP(DeWittCo),15Jul(EW);10,Sang,11Jun(HDB);10,Dudleyville_,3Jun(DMK).

Adult Lark Sparrow tending to its Brown-headed Cowbird young. Eggers Woods, Lake Calumet. 8 July 2012. Photo by Josh Engel. The Lark Sparrow also produced at least one young of its kind.

Volume 22, Number 1 41

Vesper SparrowBreeding: Warren (nest w/3 eggs along road, later destroyed bymowing),2Jun(LLH).MC:62,Milford_,14Jun(SDB);29,Streator_,9 Jun (JAS); 24, Troy Grove_16 Jun (JAS); 22, Atkinson_, 13 Jun(DFS); 19, Union_, 29 Jun (SDB); 15, Fairbury_, 2 Jul (VMK); 13,Sheffield_,17Jun(DFS);11,Midewin,23Jun(JAS);8,WhispWil,30Jun(JBH).Others:SingingHillsFP(MonahanL,LakeCo)(3♪♂),8Jun&4Jul(SDB);Ft.SheridanFP(LakeCo)(2),9Jul(REP);IBSP(So.Unit), 25 Jul (REP);Kane (4), 13 Jun (ASA);Fermi (4), 5 Jun (GP);MArb(5),15Jul(JZ,JSr).Southern edge of range:Martinsville_,15Jun(SDB);Clay,20Jun(CLH).Lark SparrowBreeding:Nachusa(prcop),14May(DTW)&(prcop),29May(ABH);LCal(EggersGroveFP)(adsfeedingfledglingjuvLASP&BHCOyg), 8 Jul (WJM:ph, et al:ph); PembrokeSavNP(KankakeeCo)(nestw/2small,nakedyg),19Jun(DFS). MC:20(ads&juvs),York&Mt.CarrollTwps(CarrollCo),7Jul(ASt);10(incl4-5imm),SugarR,10Jul(DTW,MAM);7, LostMound BBC, 21 Jun (DB et al.); 7,Pembroke SavNP (Kankakee Co), 19 Jun&28Jul(DFS&DBaresp);6,Nachusa,season(ABH); 4 (♪♂), McCunePra, 25 Jun (DTW,BCW). Others: TheHollows CA (McHenryCo) (2), 21 Jun (JWL); IBSP (So.Unit) (ad),20 Jul (AFS); Castle Rock SP (Ogle Co), 1Jun (DTW, MJW); LowdMil, 6 Jun (DTW);Putnam Co CA (2), 1 Jul (TH); Pembroke(4), 9 Jun (RDH); “Several birds seenduringthe period in the Bushnell (McDonough Co)area” (LLH); Havana Twp (Mason Co) (4),4 Jul (TAM);Sang (2), 11&23 Jun (HDB);WhitmoreTwp(MaconCo)(♪♂),24Jun(TAM).“onlymy2ndeverincounty”(TAM);CarlL-B,19Jun–13Jul(DMK);Louisville(ClayCo),20Jun(CLH);Edwards,14Jul(RES);White(2),22Jun(CLH).LARK BUNTINGNorth Branch CA (McHenry Co) (♪♂), 7-18 Jun (DM, DTW, KML,SDB, m.ob.:ph). This bird was singing regularly and seemed to betrying to set up a territory in one area of the restored prairie at thepreserve.Savannah SparrowBreeding:So.BarringtonConservancyPk(CookCo)(prw/2juv),5Jul(ABA).MC:28,LakewoodFP(LakeCo),1Jul(BJS);28,PaulDouglas,12Jun(SWS);24,Chi(NortherlyI),3Jul(DFS);22(18♪♂),BusseFP(CookCo),1 Jun (ABA);16,MillerMeadowsFP (CookCo),20 Jun(JSA);16,Chi (QueenofHeavenCem),3Jun(DFS);15,SpringCrkValleyFP (CookCo), 21 Jun (JBy); 15,BartelGrassland (CookCo),10-23Jun(MO);14,BowesCrkWdsFP(KaneCo),1Jun(TB,BKh);13, LCal (O’Brien L&D), 15 Jun (SBB); 11, Fermi, 23 Jun (DS); 6,RollinsSav,9Jun(BJS,DRDetal.).Grasshopper SparrowBreeding:RochesterTwp (SangamonCo) (juv), 27&31 Jul (HDB).MC: 59, LostMoundBBC, 21 Jun (DB et al.); 36,Midewin, 23 Jun(JAS);10,BartelGrassland(CookCo),10-23Jun(MO);9,SpringCrkFP(CookCo),2Jun(WP).Others:SugarR(4),1Jul(DTW,MAM);GlacialPk(4),10Jun(SZ);No.BranchCA(McHenryCo)(4),10Jun(SZ);LakewoodFP(LakeCo)(4),7Jun(BJS);RollinsSav(4),29Jun(BJS);ThomsonCauseway&FultonSandPraNP(WhitesideCo)(5),13Jun(JL);WahlPra(WhitesideCo)(3),1Jun(DH);NelsonL(6),28May(CLC);JelkeCrkBS(KaneCo)(5),24Jun(LA);PaulDouglas(5),16 Jun (SBB);Havana (MasonCo) (5), 8 Jul (ASA); Pleasant Plains(Sangamon Co) (3), 17 Jun (HDB); Nachusa (2♂), Jun (ABH); St.LouisRegionalAirport–Bethalto(MadisonCo)(2♪♂),24May(SDB);CarlL-C(2),19-20Jun(DMK).Henslow’s SparrowMC:55,PaulDouglas,1-14Jun(SWS);35,PrRdg-M(KarlBartelPr),11Jun(JWW);20,PrRdg-J,12Jun(JWW);17,Lake-in-the-HillsFenNP(McHenryCo),9-23Jun(DSc);17,PlumCrk,9Jun(JIE);16♪♂,RollinsSav,29Jun(BJS);16,NelsonL,17Jun(SF);16,Midewin,23Jun (GAW,COS); 14,BartelGrassland (CookCo), 10-23 Jun (MO);

13,Fermi,10Jul(DS);12(10♪♂),BusseFP(CookCo),1Jun(ABA);12, BergmanSl (Palos), 14 Jun (RLS); 12,GLPSNA, 14 Jul (TR); 9,Orland Grasslands (Cook Co), 19 Jun (AFS); 8♪♂, RockCut, 3 Jun(DTW,MJW);8♪♂,Kell_,3Jun(SDB);6♪♂,Nachusa,9Jun(DTW,BCW);6,Kankakee,24Jul(JBH);5♪♂,GlacialPk,4Jun(DTW,BCW);5♪♂,OrlandGrassland(CookCo),16Jun(VM);5,HennepinL,20Jul(DFS);5,MatthiessenSP(LaSalleCo),15Jul(BC).Others:NundaTwp(McHenryCo) (2♪♂),9Jun–4Jul (SDB);LakewoodFP(LakeCo) (4), 1 Jul (BJS);CanterburyPk (Libertyville,LakeCo) (2♪♂), 5Jun(NM);Ryerson(2♪♂),2&9Jun(VM&BJS,DRDetal.);WahlPra(WhitesideCo)(2),1Jun(DH);SpringbrookPraFP(DuPageCo)(5), 24 Jun (JAS); Spring Crk FP (Cook Co) (4), 2 Jun (WP); LCal

(Burnham Pra) (4♪♂), 4 Jun (WJM, SBB);LetcherBasinNP (WoodfordCo) (4), 13 Jun(TH);CottonHillTwp(SangamonCo)(♪♂),2Jun&Jul(HDB);RochesterTwp(2),11Jun&Jul(HDB);EastForkTwp(ClintonCo)(2),19Jun–1Jul(DMK).Song SparrowBreeding: RollinsSav (pr w/2 yg), 23 May(KAM); ButlerL (Libertyville, Lake Co) (prw/begging, juvBHCO), 4 Jun (NM); FabyanFP (Kane Co) (ad w/3 fledglings), 6 & 22Jun (SF); Tri-County SP (DuPage Co) (adfeeding2yg),19Jul(VS);DPCA(adfeedingyg BHCO), 28 Jul (DFS); Busse FP (CookCo) (adw/food for yg), 1 Jun (ABA); JP (adcarrying nest material), 2 Jun (JIE:ph, NRG)& (ad feeding juvBHCO&2 fledgling hostyg), 21 Jul (RLS); LCal (BurnhamPra) (onefledgling), 4 Jun (WJM); MeadbrkPk (ad @nest), 30 May (EJC); Sang (fledged yg), 4Jun (HDB).MC: 63 (60♪♂), @ 11 lg Lake

& McHenry marshes, 29 May – 11 Jul (SDB); 58, Union_, 29 Jun(SDB);50,Martinsville_, 15 Jun (SDB);43,Kell_, 3 Jun (SDB);39,WapelloLWR(JoDaviessCo),23Jun(DFS);39,MArb,1Jun(JSr);38, Columbia_, 2 Jun (KAM); 37, Spring Crk FP (Cook Co), 4 Jun(WP); 37,TroyGrove_, 16 Jun (JAS); 36,DPCA,30 Jun (DFS); 34,Sheffield_,17Jun(DFS);32,B.J.HoddinottWS(CollegeofDuPage,DuPageCo),9Jul(GP);31,LakewoodFP(LakeCo),1Jul(BJS);31,St.Morgan_,3Jun(KAM);30,Fayette,8Jul(MSS);30,Jamestown_,2Jun(DMK);29,RollinsSav,3Jun(S&BF);28,Fermi,7&23Jun(DS);28,Atkinson_,13Jun(DFS);25,Dam#1WdsFP(CookCo),10Jun(DW);25,Midewin,23Jun(GAW,COS);24(14♪♂),LCal(BurnhamPra), 4 Jun (WJM, SBB); 22 (16♪♂), LCal (HegewischM), 24 Jun(WJM);22,Kankakee,23Jun(JBH);21,Kinnikinnick,24Jun(DTW);21,CanterburyPk(Libertyville,LakeCo),5Jun(NM);21,NelsonL,17Jun(SF);21,GLPSNA,17Jun(ASA);21,Beaucoup_,1Jun(DMK);20,MidSav,30Jun(BN).Swamp SparrowBreeding: PikeM (MoraineHills) (ad carrying food), 11 Jun (SDB).MC:120(108♪♂),censused@10lgLake&McHenrymarshes,8Jun–4Jul(SDB);18(11♪♂),LCal(BurnhamPraM),4Jun(WJM,SBB);12,Chau,28Jul(JJD,KCA).Others:NygrenWet(5),2Jun–23Jul(ATB);VoloBog (8), 24 Jun (B.Fotland);NelsonL (7), 2 Jun (KCA);Emiquon(7),28Jul(JJD,KCA).White-throated SparrowChi(GrantPk),7Jun(JDW);JP(WoodedI)(adwhite-stripedmorph),7Jun&22Jul(AAA&PRCresp);MiddleForkRFP(ChampaignCo),7Jun(TH).White-crowned SparrowJarvis,8-22Jun(LGM).Summer TanagerMC:30,CONWR(Devil’sKitchenL),16-27Jun (LWS);8,Pulaski_,8 Jun (VMK); 8, BeanRdg BBC, 3 Jun (RSR); 7, White Rock NP(MonroeCo), 19 Jul (C&PD);6,Columbia_,2 Jun (KAM). Others:MissPalis(2),3Jun(JIE);Nachusa(2♂,♀),12Jun(ABH);MidSav,6Jun(REP);Ryerson(♪♂),2-3Jun&(pr)4Jun(VM,BJS&AFS,JSSresp);Nachusa (3),12Jun(ABH);BlissWdsFP(KaneCo),7-12Jul(ASA:ph,SF,ATB);NorrisWdsNP (KaneCo),16 Jun (BAi);MArb(♪♂),3Jun–27Jul(JZ,MN,ASA:phetal.);WaterfallGlenFP(DuPage

Lark Bunting. North Branch Conservation Area, McHenry County.

9 June 2012. Photo by Jackie Bowman.

42 Meadowlark

Co),14 Jun (LP);BergmanSlPreserve (CookCo) (pr),3 Jun (FRM,MMC);SaltCrk(3),3Jun(DFS);Miller-AndersonNP(BureauCo),13Jul(JWL);StarvedRock,15Jul(BC);Midewin(pr),16Jun(JBetal.);PembrokeSavNP(KankakeeCo)(2),19Jun(DFS);JubileeCollegeSP(PeoriaCo),14Jun(EC);RobinsonPk(Peoria,PeoriaCo)(blotchy1stspring♂),26Jun(EC);SpringL(TazewellCo),10Jun(DHr);ICCA,9Jun(GAW,IYBC);Sang(4&2),6,23Jun&11Julresp(HDB).Scarlet TanagerBreeding: RockCut (pr, w/♀ gathering nestmaterial),3Jun(DTW);Sang(HYbird),24Jul(HDB).MC:11,BeanRdgBBC,3Jun(RSR);7,CaneyCrkBBC, 2 Jun (RSR); 6, SugarR, 1Jul (DTW, MAM); 6, COLSP, 22 Jun (BJS);6,LowdMil,9 Jun (ASA);6,SoRipHlwBBC,26 May (RSR); 5, RockCut, 3 Jun (DTW);5,MissPalis, 22 Jun (DFS); 4,Ryerson, 8 Jun(GHr);4,LoneGroveFP(KaneCo),4Jun(SF).Numerous encounters throughout the state, butonlyofof1-3birds.MCverylowforlargetractsofsouthernIllinoisforestscensused,aswellasintherestofthestate(SDB).Northern CardinalBreeding:Rckfd(BHCOchickbeggingfrom♀),10Jul(DTW);LyonsWdsFP(LakeCo)(prfeedingfledglings),23Jun(EWW);Elgin(KaneCo) (pr nest building), 21May (WL);MArb (fledglings), 7 Jun (JZ);Belleau Wds FP (DuPage Co) (pr feeding juv BHCO), 8 Jul (VS);Oak Park (Cook Co) (fledgling), 30 Jul (EDG); Chi (Humboldt Pk)(fledgling),14Jun(SBB);Chi(ColumbusPk)(10inclafledgling&a♀carryingnestmaterial),7Jun&(♂feedingfledglingBHCO),24Jun&(onefledgling),9Jul (EDG);Jarvis (onefledgling),16Jul (LGM);Chi (LincolnPkGC) (♂feeding juvBHCO),25Jun (LGM);JP (onejust fledgedyg&3 juv (2♂,♀),28 Jul (RLS);RockFalls (WhitesideCo) (♀ feeding juvBHCO), 31 Jul (DH);Mahomet (ChampaignCo)(♀@ nest w/yg), 7 May (KSG); LOWFP (ad w/fledged yg), 2 Jun(CKA); Champaign (ad ♂ feeding 3 grown begging juvs), 26 Sep(CKA);BuseyWds(adw/fledgedyg),7Jun(EJC);RiverBend(adw/fledgedyg),21Jul(EJC);Spfld(prfeedingbeggingfledglings),20Aug(RLJ).MC:47,Pulaski_,8Jun(VMK);45,Sheffield_,17Jun(DFS);45,Martinsville_,15Jun(SDB);45,Columbia_,2Jun(KAM);44,St.Morgan_,3Jun(KAM);43,BeaverdamL_,6Jun(VMK);36,Kell_3Jun(SDB);31,Union_,29Jun(SDB);26,Kinnikinnick,24Jun(DTW);26, Dudleyville_, 3 Jun (DMK); 25, Jamestown_, 2 Jun (DMK); 24,Kankakee, 23 Jun (JBH); 23, Farmdale PkRA (TazewellCo), 27 Jul(DHr);21,ForestPkNC(PeoriaHeights,PeoriaCo),20Jun(EC);20,CarlL-C,20Jun&14-15Jul(DMK).Rose-breasted GrosbeakBreeding:MArb (fledged yg), 26 Jun (JZ,MN).MC: 9, SpringCrkFP (CookCo),7 Jun (WP);8,SugarR,1 Jul (DTW,MAM);8,Sang,5 Jun (HDB); 7,LoneGroveFP (KaneCo), 4 Jun (SF); 7,Palos, 22Jun (CH); 6, SeversonDellsNP (WinnebagoCo), 11 Jun (DTW); 6,MArb, 5 Jun (TK); 6,SaltCrk, 10-15 Jun (DFS); 6,SwallowCliff, 16Jun (DFS);6,MazoniaLks (KankakeeCo),19 Jun (JBH);6,CharterOakPk(Peoria,PeoriaCo),23Jun(EC);5,WapelloLWR(JoDaviessCo), 23 Jun (DFS); 5, COLSP, 10 Jun (BJS); 5, Midewin, 23 Jun(JAS); 5,CampPoint_, 26 Jun (VMK).Other:Nachusa (3♪♂), 5 Jun(ABH); Campton FP (Kane Co) (3♪♂), Jun (ABH); JP (♀), 21 Jul(MWr).Southern edge of range:Martinsville_(4♪♂),15Jun(SDB);Jamestown_,2Jun(DMK);Dudleyville_(2),3Jun(DMK);FayettevilleTwp (St. Clair Co) (♪♂), 8 Jul (TJD); CarlL-C (4), 19 Jun – 14 Jul(DMK);Columbia_,2Jun(KAM).Blue GrosbeakBreeding: LCal (O’Brien L&D) (pr feeding 2 nestlings), 26 Jul – 2Aug (DG:ph, vid,WJM, JIE:phm.ob.:ph), (w/fledgling there), 3Aug(DG:ph);SweetFernSavLWR(KankakeeCo)(♀carryingnestmaterialtoraspberrythicket,w/1stsummer♂),19Jun(DFS);LOWFP(juv),9Jul(EJC);Urbana(SouthFarms)(ad♂w/fledgling),16Jun(GSL).MC:13,Kell_,3Jun(SDB);12,Columbia_,2Jun(KAM);10,Belknap_,7Jun(VMK);8,BeaverdamL_,6Jun(VMK);6,Midewin,23Jun(JAS);5, Sang, 11 Jun & 31 Jul (HDB); 5, Silver Crk Pr (St. Clair Co), 2Jul (RL).Others: LostMoundBBC (2), 21 Jun (DB et al.); Severson

DellsFP (WinnebagoCo) (♪♂),27May–8 Jul (DTW,BCWet al.);Kinnikinnick(♪♂),24Jun(DTW);HiddenLFP(DuPageCo)(pr),12-22Jun(JPk);BusseForestNP(CookCo)(imm),7Jul(ABA);McCunePra(♪♂), 25 Jun (DTW, BCW); Matthiessen SP (LaSalle Co) (♪♂ onterritory), 8Aug (BC); BraidwoodL (♪♂), 5-21 Jul (JBH); Pembroke

(♪♂), 27 Jul (JBH); Chinquapin Bluffs Pr(Woodford Co) (♂), 6 Jun (MJW); KansasTwp (Woodford Co), 9 Jun (BM); Streator_(1stsummer♂),9Jun(JAS);Bonnie’sPraNP(Iroquois Co) (♪♂), 13 Jun (SDB); Lee Twp(Fulton Co) (♂), 11 Jul (LLH); Emiquon, 21Jun (CD); SpringL (TazewellCo) (2), 10 Jun(DHr); Mason (3), 28 Jul (KAM); WeldonSprings SP (DeWitt Co) (pr), 15 Jul (EW);SangamonRFP (ChampaignCo) (♪♂), thru1Aug(EJC);MiddleForkRFP(ChampaignCo),7Jun(TH);SouthWheatlandTwp(MaconCo)(♪♂), 3 Jun (TAM); TwoRivers (4), 22 Jun(DMK,MSS);Dudleyville_(4),3Jun(DMK);CarlL-C(4),14Jul(DMK).Indigo BuntingBreeding: Fermi (pr w/juv), 18 Jul (GP); JP(recentlyfledgedjuv),21Jul(RLS);Jarvis(pr

cop),9Jun(GAW),(w/♀carryingfood),25Jun(LGM)&(fledgling),16 Jul (LGM);LOWFP (adw/fledgling),2 Jun (EJC);Sang (juv),27Jul (HDB).MC: 110,CarlL-C, 27 Jun (DMK); 82,Martinsville_, 15Jun (SDB);66,Kell_,3 Jun (SDB);57,Pembroke,9 Jun (RDH);49,Columbia_,2Jun(KAM);44,Milford_,14Jun(SDB);41,St.Morgan_,3Jun(KAM);41,BeaverdamL_,6Jun(VMK);40,LeveeRd(MonroeCo), 23 Jun (DMK); 37, Sheffield_, 17 Jun (DFS); 37, BigMudWetBBC,27May(RSR);34,Dudleyville_,3Jun(DMK);33,Union_,29Jun(SDB);29,SaltCrk,10Jun(DFS);23,WaterfallGlenFP(DuPageCo),22Jun(ASA);23,DPCA,4Jul(DFS);22,HutchinsCrkBBC,28May(RSR);20,WoodfordCoCA,10Jul (TH);20,Emiquon,21Jun(CD).Others: SugarR (17), 1 Jul (DTW,MAM);Kinnikinnick (13),24 (DTW); GlacialPk (15), 10 Jul (RG); MacArthur Wds FP (LakeCo) (14), 2 Jun (GHr); Long Grove FP (Kane Co) (16), 3 Jul (SF);GreeneVal (12),14Jun (ASA);MArb (17),13Jun (TK);DeerGrove(East)FP(CookCo)(18),26Jun–4Jul(JD);BergmanSl(Palos)(15),7-14Jun(RLS);BluffSpringFenNP(CookCo)(12),30Jun(MMg);SwallowCliff (15), 16 Jun (DFS); PlumCrk (13), 9 Jun (JIE); LCal(BeaubienWdsFP)(11♪♂),15Jun(WJM);Midewin(17),2Jun(ASA).PAINTED BUNTINGBreeding: None reported from their lone ESTL breeding location.Others:Iroquois(IroquoisCo)(ad♂@feeder),15Jun(fide:phJBH).DickcisselBreeding:No.BranchCA(McHenryCo)(♀@nestfeeding4nestlingDICK), 25 Jun (SDB); Campton FP (Kane Co) (♀ carrying nestmaterial),7Jun(ABH:ph);Sang(fledgedyg),10Jul(HDB).MC:138,Midewin,23Jun(JAS);89,Kell_,3Jun(SDB);80,LeveeRd(MonroeCo),23Jun (DMK);60,Fermi,7 Jun (DS);50,LostMoundBBC,21Jun(DBetal.);49,Atkinson_,13Jun(DFS);49,Streator_,9Jun(JAS);43,NelsonL,2Jun(KCA);42,BartelGrassland(CookCo),10-23Jun(MO); 38, No. BranchCA (McHenry Co), 25 Jun (SDB); 38,MillerMeadowsFP(CookCo),6Jun(EG);35,RollinsSav,9Jun(BJS,DRDetal.);34,Columbia_,2Jun(KAM);32,Martinsville_,15Jun(SDB);30,Dam#1FP(CookCo),24Jun(DW);30,OrlandGrassland(CookCo),19Jun(AFS);30,Stillwell_,27Jun(VMK);30,CarlL-C,19Jun(DMK);29, IBSP,21 Jun (EWW);28,HennepinL,20 Jul (DFS); 28,Sang,11Jun(HDB);27,SauerFamilyPraKameFP(KaneCo),10-13Jun(JJD);27,Sheffield_,17Jun(DFS);27,Milford_,14Jun(SDB);25,SpringCrkHeadwatersFP(CookCo),7Jun(JV).Others:NygrenWet(11),24Jul(ATB);Union_(11),29Jun(SDB);IBSP(No.Unit)(12),17Jun(AFS);LakewoodFP(19),1Jul(BJS);FortSheridanFP(LakeCo)(17),25Jun(REP);AftonFP(DeKalbCo)(15),28Jul(NBr);BigRockFP(KaneCo)(14),5Jun(SF);SpringbrookPraFP(DuPageCo)(14),24Jun (JAS);PaulDouglas (18),16Jun (SBB);PoplarCrkFP (CookCo)(16),1-11Jun(JV);BergmanSl(Palos)(19),7-14Jun(RLS);LCal(HarborsideGC)(7♪♂),2Jun(WJM);Montrose(2&♪♂),10Jun&28Jun,3Julresp(RDH).Wanderingbird?;ZumaTwp(RockIslandCo)(14),13Jun(DFS).

Blue Grosbeak fledgling. O’Brien Lock and Dam, Cook County.

3 August 2012. Photo by Dave Gruver.

Volume 22, Number 1 43

BobolinkBreeding: RollinsSav (♀ carrying food to yg), 23 Jun (CBT:ph);Nachusa(ad@nest),5Jun(ABH);CamptonFP(KaneCo)(♀carryingfood), 7 Jun (ABH); PaulDouglas (♀ carrying food), 28 Jun (AFS).MC:152,PaulDouglas,1-18Jun(SWS);103,BartelGrassland(CookCo),10-23Jun(MO);77,RollinsSav,3Jun(S&BF);53,Fermi,23Jun(DS); 40, BowesCrkWds FP (KaneCo), 16 Jun (KCA); 35, SpringCrkFP(CookCo),21Jun(JBy);26,Midewin,7Jun(JAS).Southern Edge of Range: PrRdg-J (3), 12 Jun (RES, CLH, JWW). Others:CasperBluffLWR(JoDaviessCo)(12),27Jun(DWy);NygrenWet(9),24 Jul (ATB);PleasantValleyCA (McHenryCo) (15), 22 Jun (JAn);LakewoodFP(LakeCo)(17),1Jul(BJS);Nachusa(8♂),5Jun(ABH);Mound Twp (McDonough Co) (2♂), 17 Jun (LLH); Pleasant Plains&RochesterTwp(SangamonCo)(2♂,♀&3♂),17Jun&1Julresp(HDB).Others (early migrants?):Emiquon(1&12),29Jun&28Jul(KBR&KAMresp);CarlL-F(5),13Jul(DMK).Red-winged BlackbirdBreeding: MoraineHills (pr @ nest w/3 hosteggs),11Jun(SDB);Gurnee(LakeCo)(nestw/2host eggs), 28 May (SDB); Nachusa (nestlingbeggingforfood),9Jun(DTW);BusseFP(CookCo) (3♀s carrying food to nests for yg), 1 Jun(ABA);BartelGrassland(CookCo)(♀w/foodforyg),28Jul(ABA);Chi(DouglasPk)(♀feedingfledgling),3Jun(EDG);NoP(onefledgling),13Jun (GAW); LOWFP (♀ nest building), 2 May(EJC).MC:3000,BannerM,30Jun(JBH);1200,CarlL-F,13,25,29Jul(DMK);1200,CarlL-C,14Jul (DMK); 600, Mazonia Lks (Kankakee Co)(Phragmites roost), 19 Jun (JBH); 467,ConnerL(MonroeCo), 27 Jun (C&PD); 359,Streator_, 9Jun(JAS);350,CooperPk(EastPeoria,TazewellCo),19Jul(EC);335,WapelloLWR(JoDaviessCo),23Jun(DFS);250,BowesCrkWdsFP(KaneCo),16Jun (KCA);250,LaSalleL,28Jul (BC);232,Columbia_,2Jun(KAM);223,Beaucoup_,1Jun(DMK);219,Sheffield_,17Jun(DFS);215,DeerGrove(East)FP(CookCo),26Jun(JD);214,Kell_,3Jun(SDB);212,KLMSNA,27Jun(C&PD);200,TroyGrove_,16Jun(JAS);200,PereMarquetteSP(JerseyCo),22Jun(DMK,MSS);200,HL,15Jul(GH); 150, BraidwoodL, 16 Jul (JBH); 142,Milford_, 14 Jun (SDB);142,Martinsville_,15Jun(SDB);140,WhitefieldPHA(MarshallCo),16 Jun (BC); 130,RollinsSav, 3 Jun (S&BF); 120,McKeeM (DuPageCo), 9 Jul (GP); 115, Fermi, 5 Jun (GP); 113, Dudleyville_, 3 Jun(DMK); 110,Midewin, 7 Jun (JAS); 105,GLPSNA, 1 Jul (BC); 103,Jamestown_,2Jun(DMK);96,LCal(BurnhamPra),4Jun(WJM,SBB).Eastern MeadowlarkBreeding: RollinsSav (ad carrying food to yg), 23 Jun (CBT:ph);Nachusa(adonnest),29May(ABH);Buckley(IroquoisCo)(adnestbuilding),3May(EWW);IllinoisStateFairground(prw/2fledglings),6Aug(RLJ).MC:78,LostMoundBBS,21Jun(DBetal.);55,Kell_,3Jun(SDB);53,Midewin,23Jun(JAS);44,Atkinson_,13Jun(DFS);43, Martinsville_, 15 Jun (SDB); 43, Columbia_, 2 Jun (KAM); 38,Midewin, 7 Jun (JAS); 38, Sang, 17 Jun (HDB); 34, MArb, 7 Jun(JZ,JSr);34,Streator_,9Jun(JAS);34,Milford_,14Jun(SDB);29,Fermi,7Jun(DS);29,Sheffield_,17Jun(DFS);27,CampPoint_,26Jun (VMK); 27, St.Morgan_, 3 Jun (KAM); 22, Jamestown_, 2 Jun(DMK);20,RollinsSav,25Jun(MS);20,HeronCrkFP(LakeCo),10Jun (MS);20,CarlL-C,20Jun (DMK);18,GLPSNA,17Jun (ASA);15,HennepinL,20Jul(DFS).Western MeadowlarkBreeding: H & E sod farm (McHenry Co) (pr attending 2 juv), 23Aug(DTW);Genoasodfarm(DeKalbCo)(newlyfledgedyg),22Jun(KML).MC: 28,Atkinson_, 13 Jun (DFS); 23, LostMoundBBS, 21Jun(DBetal.);8,Mercer,30Jun(CAT);7,Pontiac_,3Jul(VMK);5,TroyGrove_, 16 Jun (JAS); 4,DunhamRd sod farm (McHenryCo),25 Jun (SDB); 4, Sherrard_, 22 Jun (BAB). Others: Colored SandsFP (WinnebagoCo),2 Jun (JL);GlacialPk,1 Jun (MD);NelsonL,21Jul (DFS); Sauer Family PraKame FP (KaneCo) (2), 13 Jun (JJD);LaSalleL (2), 2 Jun (BC); Yorkville (Kendall Co), 23 Jun (ASA);Midewin,23Jun(GAW,COS).

Yellow-headed BlackbirdBreeding: See Pingree Grove below. MC: 19, PaulDouglas, 18Jun (SWS); 10, GlacialPk, 16 Jun (DMK, TAM); 7+ (4♂,♀ &severalbeggingyg),PingreeGrove (KaneCo),7 Jun (SDB).Others:Hainesville (Lake Co) (2), 2 Jun (BJS);MidSav (♪♂), 1 Jun (AFS);BergmanSl(Palos),14Jun(LK);HennepinL(4),1Jul(TH),w/♂still♪there19Jul(DH);RiverBend(pr),23Jun(EJC,etal.).Brewer’s Blackbird MC:16(7♂,9♀), IBSP(So.Unit),11Jun(NM);7,DunhamRdsodfarm(McHenryCo),25Jun(SDB).Note: Always a rare breeder in Illinois, this bird can be foundsummering/breedingonseveralNEIllinoissodfarms,alongw/WEMEthe last severalyears.Has this speciesbeenoverlookedas abreedingspeciesintheselocationsformanyyears?Common GrackleBreeding: ButlerL (Libertyville, Lake Co) (ad feeding begging

fledgling),4Jun(NM);CBG(adfeedingbeggingfledgling), 9 Jun (ABA); Chi (Douglas Pk)(several fledglings), 20 Jun (EDG); Montrose(fledgling),14Jun(GAW);LCal(BeaubienWdsFP) (ad w/begging fledgling), 15 Jun (WJM);LCal (Burnham Pra) (fledgling), 4 Jun (WJM);BuseyWds (ad w/fledgling), 29 Jun (EJC);MeadbrkPk (ad @ nest), 30 May (EJC). MC:1750,MazoniaLks (KankakeeCo) (Phragmitesroost), 19 Jun (JBH); 1500, HennepinL, 1Jul (TH); 1200, CarlL-F, 13 Jul (DMK); 700,O’Fallon(St.ClairCo),24Jul(KAM);600,PereMarquetteSP(JerseyCo),22Jun(DMK,MSS);444, Jamestown_, 2 Jun (DMK); 400,CarlL-C,14-15 Jul (DMK); 300, WhispWil, 29 Jun &2 Jul (JBH); 281, DPCA, 28 Jul (DFS); 255,WapelloLWR(JoDaviessCo)(leavingroosew/RWBL),23 Jun (DFS); 205, I&MCanal (UticatoBuffaloRock,LaSalleCo),22Jul(BC);204,CampPoint_, 26 Jun (VMK); 200, MendenhallPk(Peoria,PeoriaCo),19Jul(EC);200,Cooper

Pk (EastPeoria,TazewellCo), 4 Jul (EC); 180,TroyGrove_, 16 Jun(JAS);150,Stillwell_,27Jun(VMK);127,Beaucoup_,1Jun(DMK);120,LeveeRd(MonroeCo),23Jun(DMK);104,Dudleyville_,3Jun(DMK);100,Montrose, 16 Jun (CV); 100,HL,15 Jul (GH); 90,Chi(HumboldtPk),19Jun(SBB).Brown-headed CowbirdBreeding:So.BarringtonConservancyPk(CookCo)(juvw/ad♂),5Jul(ABA);Sang(2HY),1Jul(HDB).YoungoreggsofthisspecieswerefoundinnestsorbeingattendedbyadultsofseveralspeciesinclEAWP,REVI,WAVI,AMRE,YWAR,CHSP,LASP,SOSP,NOCA&OROR.Seethehostspeciesaccountsformoredetails.MC:400,CarlL-C,14Jul(DMK);300,MomenceSod,28Jul(JBH);260,DunhamRd.sodfarm(McHenryCo),28Jul(EWW);208,Sang,10Jul(HDB);88,Milford_,14Jun(SDB);75,Kanevillesodfarm(KaneCo),28Jul(EWW);58,Union_,29Jun(SDB);55,HL,20Jul(GH);50,CubaMFP(LakeCo),15Jun(DW,GGi);48,Sheffield_,17Jun(DFS);45,Emiquon,23Jun(JIE); 44, LostMound BBS, 21 Jun (DB et al.); 43, BeaverdamL_, 6Jun(VMK);40,Chau,28Jul(ASA,SZ);40,Fairbury_,2Jul(VMK);30,Columbia_,2Jun(KAM);28,BraidwoodL,3Jul(JBH);25,IBSP(So.Unit),15 Jun (MMC);25,LaSalleL,17Jun (BC);22,MArb,27Jun(JZ).Orchard OrioleBreeding:MoraineHills(2inclnestw/4eggs),21Jun(JSl);IBSP(No.Unit)(prw/fledglingBHCO),23Jun(MW);SaganashkeeSl(CookCo)(pr cop next to nest), 8 Jun (WSS:ph);Midewin (ad@nest), 23 Jun(GAW, COS); Kankakee (♀@ nest), 23 Jun (JBH); SangamonR FP(ChampaignCo)(adw/fledgedyg),25Jun(EJC);RiverBend(carryingfood), 10 Jun (EJC); Sang (fledged yg), 27 Jun (HDB). MC: 12,NygrenWet,23Jul(ATB);11,AmnBot,12Jul(C&PD);7,Kankakee,23 Jun (JBH); 7, Pembroke, 9 Jun (RDH); 7, Sang, 5 Jun (HDB); 6,ThomsonCauseway&FultonSandPraNP(WhitesideCo),13Jun(JL);6,Midewin,23Jun (GAW,COS);6,Emiquon,21Jun (CD);5, IBSP(SandPond),26Jun(BJS);5,RollinsSav,22Jul(SB);5,BigRockFP

Dickcissel female with nesting material. Campton Forest Preserve,

Kane County. 7 June 2012. Photo by Ann Haverstock.

44 Meadowlark

(KaneCo), 16 Jun (SF); 5,WaaKee Sha Pk (Oswego,Kendall Co),11Jun(ASA);5,HennepinL,14Jun(TH).Others:GlacialPk(2),23Jun (JL); IBSP(So.Unit) (3),25Jul (REP);LakewoodFP(LakeCo)(4), 7 Jun (BJS);COLSP (3), 10 Jun (BJS);MissPalis, 22 Jun (DFS); Nachusa (2), 9Jun & 17 Jul (ASA & JWW resp); FabyanFP (Kane Co) (3), 13 Jun (SF); CamptonFP (Kane Co) (ad ♂ & 1st yr♂ ), 7 & 13Jun resp (ABH);DuPageRTrl (DuPageCo)(4), 28 Jun (JAS); MArb (3), 18 Jun (JZ);SpringbrookPraFP(DuPageCo)(3),24Jun(JAS); WhalonL FP (Will Co) (4), 29 Jun(JAS); SpringCrk FP (Cook Co) (4), 2 Jun(WP);CBG(2),9Jun(ABA);Chi(ColumbusPk)(2),3Jun(EDG);BergmanSl(Palos)(3),14 Jun (RLS); LCal (Burnham Pra) (2♪♂),4 Jun (WJM, SBB); LCal (Deadstick Pond)(ad♂), 21 Jun (WJM); PlumCrk (3), 9 Jun(FRM);Sheffield_(3),17Jun(DFS);DPCA(3),30Jun(DFS);Evans-JudgeFP(WillCo)(3), 30 Jun (JAS); BraidwoodL (3), 3 Jul(JBH); FunksGrove Pr (McLeanCo) (4), 8Jun(BM);IroquoisTwp(IroquoisCo)(2♪♂),13Jun(SDB);MiddleportTwp(IroquoisCo)(2♪♂),13Jun(SDB);Dudleyville_(4),3Jun(DMK).Baltimore OrioleBreeding: IBSP (♀ going into nest), 21 May (EWW); CanterburyPk (Libertyville,LakeCo) (ad entering nest), 5 Jun (NM);NWUnivLakefill (Evanston, Cook Co) (pr feeding yg in nest), 23 Jun (MD);SpringCrkFP (CookCo) (family group of 5), 31 Jul (ABA); SutkerGroveFP(CookCo)(adfeedingfledgling),19Jun(JoR);McClaughreySpringsWds(CookCo)(prfeedingcallingyginnest),16Jun(GAW);Chi(ColumbusPk)(fledgling),24Jun(EDG);JP(3nests,w/2found26May&3rdon16Jun,w/♂feedingyg30Jun)(PADetal.,JSeetal.);McGinnis(nest),13Jun(WSS:ph);LCal(HegewischM)(prfeedingyginnest),9Jun(JPk,WJM);LCal(BurnhamPra(6incl♀carryingfood),4Jun(WJM,SBB);Maz/Braid(pr@nest),2Jun(DBa);LOWFP(ad@nest),8Jun(EJC);BuseyWds(adnestbuilding),20May(EJC);HomerL(ad@nest),7Jun(EJC);Sang(adw/yg),20Jun(HDB).MC:14,BigMudWetBBC,27May(RSR);12,JP,13Jun(PRC);11,CasperBluff LWR (JoDaviessCo), 27 Jun (DWy); 10,ThomsonCauseway&FultonSandPraNP(WhitesideCo),13Jun(JL);10,Dam#1WdsFP(CookCo),10Jun(DW);10,RenwickLNP(WillCo),1Jul(DFS);9, Bluff Spring Fen NP (Cook Co), 2 & 23 Jun (MMg); 9, SkokieLagoons(CookCo),14Jun(DW);9,Sang,9Jun(HDB);9,MRB,15Jul(C&PD);8,Sheffield_,17Jun(DFS);8,HennepinL,14Jun(TH);8,DPCA,30Jun(DFS);7,NelsonL,2Jun(KCA);7,SaltCrk,10Jun(DFS);7,Chi(DouglasPk),19Jun(EDG,AG);7,LCal(BeaubienWdsFP),15Jun(WJM);7,Midewin,17Jun(ASA);7,KRSP,11Jun(JBH);6,SugarR,1Jul(DTW,MAM);6,COLSP,22Jun(BJS);6,LakewoodFP(LakeCo),7Jun(BJS);6,RollinsSav,3Jun(S&BF);6,FabyanFP(KaneCo),6Jun(SF);6,MArb,2Jun(JZ);6,PaulDouglas,13-26Jun(SWS); 6, SpringCrkFP (CookCo), 31 Jul (ABA); 6, see above; 6,Pembroke,9Jun(RDH);6,JubileeCollegeSP(PeoriaCo),14Jun(EC);6,MiddleForkRFP(ChampaignCo),7Jun(TH).House FinchBreeding:MArb (nest), 21Apr (EWW), (w/fledged yg), 26 Jun (JZ,MN);SutkerGroveFP (CookCo) (ad feeding begging fledgling), 20Jul (JoR);Chi (ColumbusPk) (family inclbeggingfledglings),20Jul(EDG);Montrose(fledglings),25Jul(EG).MC:102,WolfRdPraNP(CookCo)(mostlyjuvs),22Jul(DFS);39,SaltCrk,15Jun(DFS);27,Sang,6Jul (HDB);24,Union_,29Jun (SDB);20,Kankakee,17Jun(JBH);20,Monroe,15Jul (C&PD);18,MissPalis,22Jun (DFS);18,WhalonLFP(WillCo),10Jul(VS):18,Chi(QueenofHeavenCem),29Jul(DFS);18,Montrose,18Jul(MD);16,Cary(McHenryCo),3Jun(SPH);15,LaGrange(CookCo),29Jul(CAT).Purple FinchGrayslake(LakeCo)(♪♂),1 Jun(AS).Latemigrant?

Pine SiskinBreeding: Willowbrook (DuPage Co) (ad feeding fledgling @ yardnygerfeeder),17Jun(AL);Barrington(CookCo)(from1-4birdsincla

fledglingbeggingfromad♀30Apr,regularlycomingtofeeders),10Mar–27May(CAW).Others:Zion(LakeCo)(pronterritoryw/♂calling), 31 Mar (EWW); IBSP (No. Unit),11 Jul (JS); IBSP (So. Unit), 27 Jun (BJS);Winfield (DuPage Co) (1-2 birds @ yardfeeder),10-22Jun(SKr);MArb(3territories),21Apr(EWW),but5there,28Jun(DSr)&1-2 there, 2 Jun – 11 Jul (JZ, et al.); RiverGrove (Cook Co) (@ nyger feeder), 15 Jun(SS);Northbrook(CookCo)(atfeeder), 24 Jun (MB); Homer Glen (WillCo),4Jul(NB);Danville(VermilionCo)(@feeder),30May(JR:ph).American GoldfinchBreeding: Merritt Pra FP (DeKalb Co) (♀nest building), 26 Jun (SDB); SangamonRFP (Champaign Co) (nest building), 25 Jun(EJC);BuseyWds(juv),17Aug(EJC).MC:69,MArb, 15 Jul (JZ, JSr); 59, Union_, 29Jun(SDB);54,Monroe,15Jul(C&PD);43,MidSav, 21 Jul (JoR); 40, NygrenWet, 21

Jul(KP);40,RollinsSav,29Jul(RN);36,WolfRdPraNP(CookCo),22Jul(DFS);35,Midewin,23Jun(JAS);34,LCal(BurnhamPra),4Jun(WJM,SBB);34,HennepinL,20Jul(DFS);32,WapelloLWR(JoDaviessCo),23Jun(DFS);30,MacArthurWdsNP(LakeCo),31Jul(REP);30,Dam#1WdsFP(CookCo),10&24Jun(DW);30,Saline,13Jul(MSS);27,Fermi,7Jun(DS);26,Chi(QueenofHeavenCem),29 Jul (DFS); 26, Comlara Pk (Bloomington, McLean Co), 28 Jun(AW);25,IBSP(So.Unit),15Jun(MMC);25,DuPageRTrl(WillCo),28Jun(JAS);25,SkokieLagoons(CookCo),14Jun(DW);25,FunksGrovePr(McLeanCo),8Jun(BM);25,Milford_,14Jun(SDB).House SparrowMC:549,Jamestown_,2Jun(DMK);400,ESTL,6Jun(DMK);338,Atkinson_, 13 Jun (DFS); 211, Chi (Irving Pk), 28 Jul (DKA); 205,Beaucoup_,1Jun(DMK);200,PereMarquetteSP(JerseyCo),22Jun(DMK,MSS);200,CarlL-C,19-20Jun(DMK);187,Sheffield_,17Jun(DFS);150,Chi (ColumbusPk),9&17Jul (EDG);140,Homewood(CookCo),18Jul(PL);140,St.Morgan_,3Jun(KAM).Eurasian Tree SparrowBreeding:GreenRiver SFWA (5 incl 2 birds carrying nestmaterial),6Apr(DTW);Aledo(MercerCo)(prnestbuildinginnestbox),4Apr(BAB:ph).MC:30,Emiquon,28Jul(KAM);24,Chau,28Jul(ASA,SZ);18,CampPoint_,29May(VMK);18,MelroseTwp(AdamsCo),31Jul(AGD);10,Auburn(SangamonCo),30Jul(TR);8,FrankHoltenSP (St.ClairCo), 22 Jun (DMK,MSS); 6,FunksGrovePr (McLeanCo),8Jun(BM).Others:Toulon(StarkCo)(3),9Jun(JWW);TableGrove (FultonCo) (4),28 Jul (KAM);SpringL (TazewellCo) (3),10Jun(DHr).

EXOTICSOrange BishopMontrose(♂),17Jun(GAW).European GoldfinchMacArthurWds NP (Lake Co), 2 Jun (GHr);Waukegan (Lake Co),3Jun(PYB).

Late Spring DeparturesOlive-sided FlycatcherLD:15Jun,SiloamSpr(SZ).Yellow-bellied FlycatcherLD:22Jun,StarvedRock(TH).

Eurasian Tree Sparrow in nest box. Aledo, Mercer County. 4 April 2012.

Photo by Bill Bertrand.

— Steven D. Bailey 967 Braeburn Rd.

Mundelein, IL 60060sdbailey@illinois.edu