Marek Cierpial-Wolan, PhD Statistical Office in Rzeszw 2 1.Competitive networked knowledge-based spatial unit new perspective 2.Specificity of transborder areas 3.Towards information infrastructure for transborder areas nationalregionallocal appropriate level of welfare distribution A rapid welfare growth has a tendency to increase distributional inequity The success of sustainable development is determined by regional and local level 3 Competitive networked knowledge-based spatial unit decentralization processes clusters 4 locationlocal attitudes Infrastructures conditioning the functioning of other systems: energy, transport, municipal, social, telecommunications, information infrastructure The information environment of the transborder areas - linkage of information systems from several countries Information problems of stakeholders - limited availability of data for areas located on both sides of the national border, lack of information on a certain level of aggregation in individual countries and low level of data comparability, especially those pertaining to economic issues Increase in information imperfections (especially asymmetric information) noise-contaminated transborder information environment 5 The risk of economic or social activity in the conditions of incomplete information is higher. Huge demand for information due to the increased trade, joint establishment of companies, joint investment, economic activities in special economic zones and technological parks, or the use of various forms of support for collaborative projects implemented by entities on both sides of the border. Need for an information infrastructure for transborder areas in order to build the transparent information environment for all stakeholders. 6 7 Creating integrated metadata system Identification of the information resources and the information gaps. Inventory of transborder information environment - collecting and taxonomy all important information resources, processes, systems and characteristics of stakeholders with pointing information (hyperlinks, addresses, etc.) redirecting to our own metadata. Development of transborder metadata shell. 8 9 DISTANCE FROM THE BORDER TO THE PLACE OF RESIDENCE OF POLES AND FOREIGNERS CROSSING THE EUS BORDER IN POLAND Preliminary delimitation based on: Regulation No. 1931/2006 of the European Community, according to which the border zone covers an area of 30 to 50 km from the border, results of the questionnaire surveys at the border, journeys to work, etc. Dynamic delimitation - systematic analysis of socio-economic phenomena in this area and environment (e.g. labour market, entrepreneurship, demographic processes, tourism, differences in the level of prices). 10 Administrative registers and statistical databases Inventory of information resources of official statistics Combining information from the administrative registers and sample surveys (e.g. the linkage of data from sample surveys (the Labour Force Survey, the Household Budget Survey, the Survey of Goods and Services Turnover and Social Diagnosis) to available administrative registers (Border Guard) ) Extra-statistical sources of information (e.g. using data from the mobile telephone operators, automatic points of road traffic measurement, bank information systems) Social Quality of life Legal Ecological Factors of regional development Economic Political Spatial models (e.g. AHP method used for evaluating competitiveness of spatial units and tracking demand and supply shocks both in time and space) Spatial models (e.g. AHP method used for evaluating competitiveness of spatial units and tracking demand and supply shocks both in time and space) Taxonomic methods hierarchical and non-hierarchical (e.g. transborder index) Taxonomic methods hierarchical and non-hierarchical (e.g. transborder index) 12 13 Household survey e.g. tourism, quality of life Survey at the EUs borders on the territory of Poland External bordersInternal borders Questionnaire survey at the border Traffic intensity survey Questionnaire survey in the vicinity of the border (e.g. shopping centres, service centres, petrol stations) Questionnaire survey (seaports, airports, railway) common questionnaire Enterprise survey e.g. bussines tendency survey, financial health survey Sustainable development based on competitive networked knowledge based spatial units Significant influence of infrastructural resources (including information) on dynamics of socio-economic changes Mass production of information does not respect the standards of quality - failures on information market The official statistics - natural regulator and coordinator on information market 14 Transborder areas concentrate multidimensional socio-economic phenomena (various potentials, asymmetric information, integration- disintegration, decentralization, etc.) Unique character of transborder areas requirement for uniform information infrastructure and base of knowledge on transborder areas Polish official statistics - various actions concerning the use of different sources of information, monitoring socio-economic phenomena in transborder areas, and above all, improving and designing new surveys for transborder areas coherent research system for transborder areas 15 The results of launching the system: important differences in the behaviour of both households and enterprises; the need to use innovative methodological solutions in research system for transborder areas; standardized sources of information (statistical databases, official registers, administrative sources of data, bank registers, automatic measurement of traffic, other Big Data sources); transborder metadata shell and transborder metadatabase in order to guarantee standardization, identification, consolidation, integration, interpretation, evaluation documenting of data and deliver process data. The practical use of such an information infrastructure - on the local, regional, national and international level 16 17 Necessity of distinguishing transborder statistics in the information system of official statistics Transborder statistics Transborder statistics Labour market statistics Labour market statistics Transport statistics Transport statistics Agriculture statistics Agriculture statistics Construction statistics Construction statistics Trade statistics Trade statistics Tourism statistics Tourism statistics Public health statistics Public health statistics Demography statistics Demography statistics Industry statistics Industry statistics Education statistics Education statistics statistics statistics 18 Learning networks Network A Network E Network B Network D Network F Network C Information society - gain competitive advantage internationally, through using information technology (IT) in a creative and productive way Networking establishing linkages to obtain strategic resources (human capital, finance, information, etc.) and competitive position in the market Lifelong learning regions improving competitiveness in global market through innovation, sustainability, higher efficiency accelerators for learning Knowledge is a critical success factor for regional development information society learning networks knowledge-based economy Networking in order to accelerate information diffusion and knowledge bases creation Management and development of knowledge bases Transfer of knowledge (especially between research community, industries and governments) Different capability between networks, with regard to access to information and information diffusion Key role of official statistics in increasing this capability significantly strengthening of self-organisation catalisis effect active regional policy synergy effect adaptive mechanisms increase in interactions between objects (households, business, self-government institutions, non-profit sector, etc.) integration processesdesintegration processes Differences in potentials (technological, economic, institutional, social, cultural, mental, etc.) CE 25 The Carpathian Euroregion Dynamics of the number of entities per 1000 inhabitants (2010=100) The number of firms in the border area as a whole was increasing better than in Poland, especially by the Polish-Belorussian border Economic slowdown caused a significant decrease in the number of firms between The turning point is 2011 when we can observe a steady increase in dynamics in all analysed areas Dynamics of the number of entities with foreign capital participation per inhabitants (2010=100) Systematic increase in this indicator signifies that border areas are becoming a more and more attractive place for foreign investments, especially near the Polish-Ukrainian border Enterprises of the border area show slightly better return on equity than the average for Poland The lowest return on equity was reached by enterprises by the eastern Polish border, in by the border with Ukraine in particular, and in near the border with Belarus In the analysed period, the best results were obtained by the enterprises by the Slovakian border, even 2 percent points more compared to the national average Return on equity (Net Income / Shareholder Equity) Natural increase A Natural increase higher than decrease in migration C Positive net migration hjigher than positive natural increase H Decrease in migration higher than natural increase G Decrease in migration higher than natural increase F Negative natural increase higer than negative net migration D Increase in migration higher than natural decrease E Natural decrease higher than increase in migration B Positive natural increase higher than positive net migration Net migration Maps Types: progressive regressive -440,3 -127,2 -164,1 -22,4 -14,4 -12,3 0,0 +0,7 -47,3 +31,9 +11,1 Carpathian Euroregion (in million persons) 21,520,718, ,8 -2,1 Increase/Decrease in thous. 32 -0,9 -0,5 -0,2 +0,7 -0,1 +0,9 +1,5 +1,7 +0,8 +1,7 Difference in percentage points Carpathian Euroregion (share in %) 13,0%15,0%35,0% w % Selected objective indicators of quality of life Average monthly gross wages and salaries Sold production of industry per 1 thous. population Average usable floor area of a dwelling per one inhabitant Registered unemployment rate Proportion of registered unemployed persons in population at working age Population using wastewater treatment plants in % of total population Proportion of waste recovered in waste generated Persons unemployed over 24 months per 1 thous. population Full-time and part-time paid teachers in terms of full-time employment per 1 thous. population Percentage share of schools equipped with computers with the Internet access Total nursery schools per 1 thous. population Total tertiary schools per 1 thous. population Total students per 1 thous. population Doctors and dental specialists per 1 thous. population Beds in general hospitals per 1 thous. population Nurseries and nursery wards per 1 thous. population Ascertained crimes per 1 thous. inhabitants Proportion of green areas in total area Total respiratory diseases per 100 thous. population Total deaths caused by neoplasms per 100 thous. population Deaths caused by circulatory system diseases per 100 thous. population Subjective assessment of life domains on Likert scale Family life Financial situation Friendship Incomes Meeting basic needs Health Achievements General country situation Housing Neighbourhood Available goods and services Prospects Sex life Education level Leisure Job Children Marriage Safety 35 36 Indicators 37 Statistical information and elaborations: Area and population in border areas by the European Unions external border on the territory of Poland; Vital statistic and migration of population in border areas by the European Unions external border on the territory of Poland; Entities of the national economy located in border areas by the European Unions external border on the territory of Poland; Labour market; Tourism; Health care; Environmental protection. Entities of the national economy per 1000 population in border area by voivodships and gminas in 2010 As of 31 III The monitoring has been carried out on the website since March 2008 at the address AHP allows one to assess the validity of the factors affecting the development of local units (strengths and weaknesses as well as opportunities and threats), to determine their synthetic assessments of internal and external conditions, and on this basis, to identify the types of developmental units. 38 Types of strategies 1. Aggressive strategy (maxi-maxi) is created for areas where strengths and opportunities prevail in their environment. This is a strategy of strong expansion and diversified development. 2.Conservative strategy (maxi-mini) is based on the large internal potential but must also attempt to overcome the threats from the outside. 3.Competitive strategy (mini-maxi) is created for areas where strengths overweigh weaknesses, and the layout of external conditions is favorable. 4.Defensive strategy (mini-mini) is created for areas where there are fewer developmental opportunities than in areas belonging to other strategies. These areas exist in less favourable surroundings and their potential for growth is weaker. This strategy is mainly to provide them such a position that is currently in the country and minimize risks and weaknesses occurring within the area. 5.Mixed strategy for other areas that do not have clear strengths and weaknesses mix strategy is created. 39 1.Human Resources in Science and Technology Occupation Percentage of total population; 2.Human Resources in Science and Technology - Education - Percentage of total population; 3.ICT patent applications to the EPO - Per million of inhabitants; 4.High-tech patent applications to the EPO - Per million of inhabitants; 5.Patent applications to the EPO - Per million of inhabitants; 6.Total R&D personnel and researchers - Percentage of active population; 7.Wooded area - in % of total area; 8.Other roads - in km per 1 km of total area; 9.Total railway lines - in km per 1 km of total area; 10.Individuals regularly using the Internet - Percentage of individuals; 11.Number of students per 1000 population; 12.Air transport of passengers - per 100 inhabitants. 40 Aggressive strategy Competitive strategy Traditional strategy Defensive strategy Weaknesses Strengths Opportunities border areas (2010) - border areas (2013) Threats Mixed strategy Maps Indicators 41 42 Indicators 43 The Carpathian Euroregion PS 44 RUSSIA