lesson 2 input, output, and processing

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Lesson 2Input, Output, and Processing

Computer Literacy BASICS: A Comprehensive Guide to IC3, 3rd Edition

Morrison / Wells

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Morrison / Wells CLB: A Comp Guide to IC3 3E222

Objectives

Identify and describe standard and specialized input devices.

Identify and describe standard and specialized output devices.

Identify and describe how input and output devices are connected to the computer.

Consider computer performance factors.

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Vocabulary

audio input biometrics digital camera expansion slot FireWire inkjet printer

input keyboard laser printer modem monitor mouse

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Vocabulary (continued)

output plug-and-play pointing device port printer

scanner trackball Universal Serial Bus

(USB)

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Introduction

Input, which is data or instructions, must be entered into the computer and then stored on a storage media device.

To turn the data into information, the CPU process the data.

After data is processed, it is “presented” to the user through an output device.

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Standard Input Devices

Input devices enable you to enter data and commands into the computer.

Keyboard: Most commonly used input device. Besides a

traditional keyboard, popular types include:– Security– Foldable or flexible– Laser virtual keyboard

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Morrison / Wells CLB: A Comp Guide to IC3 3E

Standard Input Devices

Other types of Keyboards:

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– Ergonomic– Provides a more natural, comfortable hand,

wrist, and arm position– Cordless or wireless– Specialized

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Mouse: Most commonly used pointing

device. Types include:

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Standard Input Devices (continued)

Pointing Devices: An input device that allows you to position the

pointer on the screen.

– Mechanical– Optomechanical

– Optical- detects movement with a laser

– WirelessOptical mouse

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Trackball: A pointing device that works like a mouse

turned upside down; the ball is on top, operated by your thumb and fingers.

Touchpad: Common feature on laptops; a specialized

surface that converts the motion and position of your fingers to a position on the screen.

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Pointing Stick: A pressure-sensitive device located on the

keyboard of many notebook computers and moved with the forefinger. Looks like a pencil eraser

Audio Input: The process of inputting sound into the

computer, including speech, sound effects, and music.

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Standard Output Devices

Output is data that has been processed into a useful format. Output devices display information.

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Monitors: Display device for a desktop

computer. Varieties include CRT, LCD(liquid crystal display), and gas plasma.

CRT monitor

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Standard Output Devices (continued)

Printers: Used to produce a paper or hard copy of the

processing result. Consider speed (pages per minute), print quality(dpi or dots per inch), and price when choosing.

Laser Printers: Produces high-quality output using the same

technology as copier machines.

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Standard Output Devices (continued)

Inkjet Printers: Uses a nonimpact process to provide good-

quality color printing for less expense than a laser printer.

Speakers: Generate sound such as music. Individuals

can use headsets or earphones to hear privately.

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Specialized Input Devices

Digital Cameras: Pictures are stored digitally and then

transferred to the computer’s memory.

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Game Controllers: Joysticks and wheels are

most often used for games.

Joystick

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Specialized Input Devices (continued)

Scanners/Bar Code Readers: Can change images into codes for input into

the computer. Various types include:– Image scanners– Bar code scanners– Magnetic scanners– Wireless scanners– Optical character recognition (OCR) and optical

mark recognition (OMR)15

Optical scanner

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Touch Display Screen: Special screen with

pictures or shapes; you use your fingers to make selections.

Stylus: Pen-like writing instruments to input

information to a PDA or other mobile device.1616


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Environmental Probes and Sensors: Used with a Web browser to monitor

elements of the work area such as humidity, pollution, or security.

Remote Controls: Used for televisions, lights, and fans as well

as for industry and business applications.

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Security Devices: Biometric devices consist of a reader or

scanning device and software that converts the scanned information into a digital format.

The way biometric technology works:– Enrollment: User establishes baseline measurement– Submission: User presents proof of identity– Verification: System compares samples

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Virtual Devices: Use the synchronized positioning of light-

emitting and sensing devices to detect user input; for example, a virtual computer keyboard.

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Touch-Sensitive Pads: On a portable device, enable you to scroll

through a list and make choices. Input Devices for the Physically

Challenged: Various special devices are available that

can be operated in different ways, such as a keyboard that can be operated with the feet.

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Specialized Output Devices

Projectors: Mostly used for presentations. Fax machines and fax modems: Transmit and

receive documents through phone lines or computer.

Multifunction printer: Combines various output options such as printing, scanning, and copying.

Control devices/robots: Robotics is the study, design, and use of robot systems for manufacturing.

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Specialized Output Devices (continued)

Specialized Printers: Line printer: High-speed printer attached primarily to

large computers. Thermal: Forms characters by heating paper. Mobile: Small, battery-powered printer. Label and postage: Prints labels, including postage,

on adhesive-type paper. Plotters/large-format: For drawing and drafting

output; used by engineers, architects, and artists.

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Specialized Output Devices (continued)

Output Devices for the Physically Challenged:

Various special devices are available:– Screen magnifiers: Enlarge information on the

computer screen.– Screen readers: Use speech synthesizers to read

content for people who are blind or visually impaired.– Voice synthesizers: A voice changes written computer

text into synthetic speech.

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Connecting Input and Output Devices to the Computer

Ports and Connectors: A port, or jack, is an interface

to which a peripheral device attaches to or communicates with the system unit.

Besides traditional, FireWire, and USB ports, special-purpose ports include SCSI, IrDA, and Bluetooth.

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Connecting Input and Output Devices to the Computer (continued)

Hardware Installation: For most hardware devices to work, they

need a set of instructions that communicates with the computer’s operating system, called a driver.

If the operating system already contains the driver, it performs an automatic plug-and-play installation for newly connected devices.

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Computer Performance Factors

A variety of factors affect a computer’s performance: – Microprocessor: The higher the generation, the

faster and better the processing speed.– Random access memory (RAM): Helps increase

the processing cycle and enhance performance.– Hard disk: Bigger and faster process data faster.– Video: Can enhance or slow down performance.

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Summary

In this lesson, you learned: Input devices enable you to input data and

commands into the computer. The most common input devices are the keyboard and mouse.

Other types of input devices include the trackball, joystick, wheel, pointing stick, graphics tablet, touch display screen, stylus, voice recognition devices, touchpad, scanner, digital camera, video input, and biometric input.

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Summary (continued)

Monitors and printers are examples of output devices. Monitors produce soft copy. Printers are used to produce a paper or hard copy of the processed result.

Criteria for selecting a printer include speed, print quality, and cost.

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Summary (continued)

Input and output devices must be connected to the computer. Some input and output devices communicate with the computer through a physical connection. Wireless devices communicate with the computer through infrared or radio waves.

Peripheral devices are connected to the computer through serial, parallel, and Universal Serial Bus (USB) ports. USB is a newer standard expected to replace serial and parallel ports.

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Summary (continued)

FireWire is a type of external bus that can connect up to 63 external devices.

SCSI, IrDA, and Bluetooth are special-purpose ports.

A computer’s performance is affected by the speed of the processor, the amount of RAM, hard disk size and speed, capability of monitor, and disk organization.

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lesson 2 input, output, and processing

Documents

comp guide

morrison wellsclb

specialized input devices

used input device

wirelessspecialized

monitor lesson

specialized output devices

comprehensive guide