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OBJECTIVES: 1.1 Intro to Computer Component Input Processing Output Input and Output 1.2 The types of computer system 1.3 Identifying Computer Components 1.4 Maintenance Tools PC MAINTANENCE CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTERS.

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1.1 - INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTER COMPONENT A computer system has three main components: 1. Hardware The computer itselfand its associated equipment 2. Software The instructions that tell a computer what to do. (program). 2. People Programmer, user

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A computer system consists of 4 main areas of data handling :- 1. Input 2. Processing 3. Output 4. Storag e

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1. Input devices Take data in machine-readable form and send it to the processing unit. The input device : keyboard, mouse, scanners 2. The processor (CPU) manipulate input into the information wanted. executes computer instructions. 3. Output devices make the processed data available for use. (information) Output -a screen monitor (softcopy) and a printer (hardcopy). 4. Storage usually (secondary storage) Storage devices : diskettes, hardisk.

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INPUTOUTPUT CUALU STORAGE (Primary:Register) STORAGE (secondary) PROCESSING STORAGE (Primary:Main Memory) Computer Architecture

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1. Input Input is the data raw facts you put into the computer system for processing. Data entry can be in writing, speaking, pointing, or even by just looking at the data. Some example of the input devices are: keyboard. mouse. Scanners Joystick Bar code reader Floppy / CD / USB drive.

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2. Processing responsible for transforming raw data into processed information. CPU unit interpret and execute program instructions (ALU), as well as communicate with the input, output, and storage devices (CU). Some example of the processor are: Intel Pentium and Celeron series AMD Athlon and Duron series IBM Cyrix series

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3. Output Output is raw data processed into usable information. Two common output devices are screens (softcopy) and printers (hardcopy). For both softcopy and hardcopy, the output can be categorized into either text documents, graphic or multimedia output. Some example of the output devices are: printer monitor. plotter speaker

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4. Storage 2 types : primary and secondary 1. Primary storage store data temporarily until the data has been processed and been sent to output device or secondary storage. Examples : Register (reside in CPU) and Main Memory (outside of CPU; RAM) volatile. The speed of this storage is faster than secondary storage. 2. Secondary storage additional storage separate from memory. Slow than primary storage but has a large capacity than primary storage. non-volatile. Examples : magnetic disk (hard disk, diskettes) optical disk (CDs, DVDs) and magnetic tape (Cassettes).

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Computer are categorized based on differences in size, speed, processing capabilities, and price. The 6 major categories of computers are 1. Personal computers 2. Handheld computers 3. Internet appliances 4. Mid-range servers 5. Mainframes 6. Supercomputers 1.2 THE TYPES OF COMPUTER SYSTEM

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1. Personal Computer 1. Desktop (Tower model, All in one, Workstations) o Designed fit entirely on or under a desk or table. (not portable) 2. Notebook o portable personal computer small enough fit on user lap.

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2. Handheld computers o PDA (personal digital assistant) 3. Internet appliances o a computer with limited functionality. o The purpose is to connect to the Internet.

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4. Mid-range servers o more powerful and larger than a workstation computer 5. Mainframes o a large, expensive, very powerful computer that can handle hundreds or thousands of connected users simultaneously. 6. Supercomputers o the fastest, most powerful, and most expensive category of computer.

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casing motherboard processor power supply memory module/RAM Drive-hard disk drive floppy drive CD drive IDE and FDC cable Interface card - video/display card sound card Peripherals (external) - keyboard, mouse, speaker, printer, microphone and monitor. 1.3 INDENTIFYING COMPUTER COMPONENTS

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External (outside from computer casing) = pheriperals monitor - now with flat and LCD screen. Keyboard - cordless or traditional chassis - contains central processing unit (CPU) mouse - also available as cordless, IR or traditional USB (Universal Serial Bus) Hubs/ports - hot swappable Printer Floppy disk drive

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Internal (install inside computer casing) Hardisk Motherboard the main circuit of the computer system. CPU Expansion slots - to add cards for various devices, including memory chips Power Supply - connection to electrical power for system. Clock - battery powered, keeps track of date and time Cables - to connect floppy drives, hard drives, and other devices. Network card graphics card video card RAM chips Cooling fan(s) for CPU. Failure to cool may result in the destruction of your hard drive.

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1. Hardware toolkits To open up a computer 2. ESD toolkits - (Electrostatic Discharge) 3. Spare parts save technicians time. 1.4 MAINTENANCE TOOLS

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1. Hardware Toolkits Phillip Screwdrivers: to open up most of the screws in pc. Flat Blade Screwdriver: to open up some of the screws in pc. Needle-Nose Pliers: These are useful for grasping small items and for removing and replacing jumpers on circuit boards. Wire Snips: A pair of wire snips for cutting wire and stripping insulation.

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1. Hardware Toolkits (continue) A Small Flashlight: Very useful; the insides of PC boxes are quite dark. Tweezers: Or even better, a part retriever. A retriever is like a tiny set of retractable claws with a spring-loaded handle. A Large Crowbar: For making adjustments to stubborn hardware.

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1. Hardware Toolkits (continue) A Roll of Black Electrical Tape: Used for wrapping wire ends and insulating components. A Can of Compressed Air: Very handy for cleaning things hands- free and without using any hazardous liquids. A Soft, Lint-Free Cloth: For cleaning the monitor and other components. Cable tied: to dressing up the cables inside the computer.

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2. Electrostatic Discharge Tools help user not to accidentally damage the computer components with a static discharge. ESD Wrist Strap: This is more of a safety device than a tool; it is used to greatly reduce the chances of static damage to components. ESD mats: the technician have to step on it while doing the maintenance process. ESD bag: use to pack the components before moving it to another place.

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