karthavinte vachanam

1

I¿Øm-hns‚ hN\w(Verbum Domini)

s_\-UnIvSv ]Xn-\m-dm-a≥ am¿]m∏

hnh¿Ø\w

^m. amXyp Xp≠-Øn¬, H.-kn.-Un.

CARMEL INTERNATIONAL PUBLISHING HOUSET R I V A N D R U M , K E R A L A , I N D I A – 6 9 5 0 1 4

2010

2 I¿Øm-hns‚ hN\w

KARTHAVINTE VACHANAM (Malayalam)Translation of the

Post-Synodal Apostolic ExhortationVerbum Domini of

His Holiness POPE BENEDICT XVI

TranslatorFr. Mathew Thundathil, OCD

Scrutinized byFr. James Alakkuzhiyil, OCD

First PublishedDecember 2010

Published & Distributed byCarmel International Publishing House

Trivandrum, India — 695 014e-mail: [email protected]; [email protected]

Printed atSt. Joseph’s Press

Trivandrum, India — 695 014

© 2010 Libreria Editrice Vaticana

Price$ 75.00

Cum Permissu Superiorum

ISBN 978-93-80483-22-1

All rights reserved including the rights of reproduction in whole or in part in any form.

CIPH No. 178 December 2010 5000

3

D≈-S°wt]Pv

D]-{Iaw 9\ΩpsS kt¥mjw kºq¿Æ-am-Ip-∂-Xn-\mbn 11

""ssZh-h-N-\-Øn¬''\n∂v ssZh-h-N\w kw_-‘n® kn\Un-te°v 12

ssZh-h-N\w kw_-‘n®v sa{Xm-∑m-cpsS kn\Uv 14

tbml-∂ms‚ kphn-ti-j-Øns‚ BapJw Hcp hgn-Im´n 16

`mKw H∂vssZ-h-h-N-\w

kwkm-cn-°p∂ ssZhw 21

ssZhw kwhm-Z-Øn¬ 21

ssZh-h-N-\-Øns‚ km[¿Ωyw 22

hN-\-Øns‚ {]m]-©nI am\w 25

a\pjys‚ kr„n 27

hN-\-Øns‚ bmYm¿∞y-t_m[w 28

hN\-Øns‚ {InkvXphn-⁄m-\obw 29

ssZh-h-N-\-Øns‚ bpKm-t¥ym-∑p-J-amb am\w 36

ssZh-h-N-\hpw ]cn-ip-≤m-cq-]nbpw 39

]mc-º-cyhpw hnip≤ enJn-X-ßfpw 43

hnip-≤-en-Jn-X-ßƒ, {]tNm-Z-\hpw kXyhpw 46

]nXm-hmb ssZhw, hN-\-Øns‚ t{kmX pw Bcw-`hpw 48

kwkm-cn-°p∂ ssZh-tØm-Sp≈ \ΩpsS {]Xn-I-cWw 50

ssZh-hp-am-bp≈ DS-º-Sn-bn¬ ]¶m-fn-bm-Im≥ £Ww 50

ssZhw \sΩ {ihn°p-Ibpw \ΩpsS tNmZy-ßƒ°v adp-]Sn ]d-bp-Ibpw sNøp∂p 52

Ahn-SpsØ hN\ß-fn-eqsS ssZh-hp-ambn kw`m-jWØn¬ 53

ssZh-h-N-\hpw hnizm-khpw 54

]m]w ssZh-h-N\w {ihn-°p∂-Xn-\p≈ hnap-JX F∂ \ne-bn¬ 55

adnbw ""ssZh-h-N-\-Øns‚bpw'' hnizm-k-Øn-s‚bpw amXmhv 56

Xncp-k-`-bn¬ hnip-≤-en-Jn-X-ßfpsS hymJym-\w 60

k`, hnip-≤-{KŸkw_-‘-amb hymJym-\-ßƒ°p≈ {]mY-anI thZn F∂ \ne-bn¬ 60

""]mh-\-amb ssZh-im-kv{X-Øns‚ Bflmhv'' 64

ss__nƒ ]T-\-ß-fpsS ]ptcm-K-Xnbpw k`-bpsS {]t_m-[-\m-[n-Im-chpw 65


Iu¨kn-ens‚ ss__nƒ hymJym-\-kn-≤m¥w ]n≥Xp-S-tc≠ Hcp \n¿t±iw 68

ssZzX-hm-Zhpw aX-\n-c-t]-£-amb ss__nƒ hymJym-\hpw D≠m-°p∂ A]-ISw 70

hnip-≤-en-Jn-X-ß-tfm-Sp≈ kao-]-\-Øn¬ hnizm-k-Øn\pw bp‡n-t_m-[-Øn-\p-ap≈ ÿm\w 72

hm°p-I-fpsS A£-cm¿∞hpw Bflobamb A¿∞hpw 74

hmNym¿∞-Øn-∂-∏pdw t]mtI-≠-Xns‚ Bh-iy-IX 77

ss__n-fns‚ B¥-cnI sFIyw 79

]g-b-\n-b-ahpw ]pXn-b-\n-b-ahpw XΩn-ep≈ _‘w 80

ss__n-fnse ""Ccp-f-S™'' ]mT-`m-K-ßƒ 84

ss{IkvX-hcpw blq-Zcpw hnip-≤-en-Jn-X-ßfpw 85

auen-I-hm-Z]c-amb hnip-≤-en-Jn-X-hym-Jym\w 87

AP-]m-e-I¿, ssZh-im-kv{X-⁄¿, hnip-≤-enJnX hymJym-Xm-°ƒ ˛ Ch¿ XΩn-ep≈ kwhmZw 89

ss__nfpw FIyp-sa-\n-khpw 90

ssZh-im-kv{X-]-T\w kw_-‘n® A\-¥-c-^-e-ßƒ 92

hnip-≤cpw hnip≤enJnX hymJym-\hpw 94

`mKw c≠vhN\w k`-bn¬

ssZh-h-N-\hpw k`bpw 101

k` hN\w kzoI-cn-°p∂p 101

k`-bpsS Pohn-X-Ønse {InkvXp-hns‚ \nc-¥c km∂n≤yw 102

Bcm-[-\m-{Iaw, ssZh-h-N-\-Øn-\p≈ khn-ti-j-kw-hn-[m\w ssZh-h-N\w Bcm-[-\m-{I-a-Øn¬ 104

hnip-≤-en-Jn-Xhpw IqZm-i-Ifpw 107

ssZh-h-N-\hpw Znhy-Im-cp-Wyhpw 108

hN-\-Øns‚ IuZm-in-IX 111

hnip-≤-en-Jn-Xhpw seIvjW-dnbpw (Xn-cp-°¿Ω-hm-b\m kam-lm-c-w) 113

hN-\-{]-tLm-j-Whpw hmb-\-°m-cs‚ ip{iq-jbpw 115

kphn-ti-j-{]-kw-K-Øns‚ {]m[m\yw 116

kphn-ti-j-{]-kw-K-I-e-sb-∏-‰n-bp≈ Hcp Ub-d-IvS-dn-bpsSA\p-tbm-PyX 118

ssZh-h-N-\hpw A\p-c-RvP-\hpw tcmKo-te-]-\hpw 118

ssZh-h-N-\hpw bma-{]m¿∞-\bpw 120

ssZh-h-N-\hpw Bio¿Δm-Z-ß-fpsS {KŸhpw 122

5

Bcm-[-\m-{I-a-Øn¬ ]q¿Æ ]¶m-fnØw t{]m’m-ln-∏n-°m-\p≈A`n-{]m-b-ßfpw {]mtbm-KnI \n¿t±-i-ßfpw 123

a) ssZh-h-N-\-ip-{iqj 123b) hN-\hpw \n»-_vZ-Xbpw 125c) ssZh-h-N-\-Øns‚ kmtLmjamb {]tLm-jWw 126d) ssZh-h-N\w ss{IkvX-h-ssZ-hm-e-b-ß-fn¬ 126e) Bcm-[-\m-{I-a-Øn¬ ss__nƒ`m-K-ß-fp-sS-am{Xw D]-tbmKw 128f) ss__nƒ˛{]tNm-ZnX Bcm-[-\-{I-a-KoXw 128g) ImgvN°pw tIgvhn°pw sshI-ey-ap-≈-h-sc-°p-dn®v {]tXy-I]cn-K-W\ 129

k`-bpsS Pohn-X-Øn¬ ssZh-h-N\w 129

hnip-≤-en-Jn-X-Ønse ssZh-h-N-\-hp-ambp≈ I≠p-ap-´¬ 129

hnip-≤-{K-Ÿ-{]-tNm-Zn-X-amb AP-]m-e-\-{]-h¿Ø\w 131

aX-t_m-[-\-Øns‚ ss__nƒ kw_-‘-amb am\w 133

{InkvXym-\n-I-fpsS ss__nf[n-jvTnXamb cq]o-I-cWw 135

hnip-≤-en-JnXw hn]p-e-amb k`m-k-tΩ-f-\-ß-fn¬ 136

ssZh-h-N-\hpw ssZh-hn-fn-Ifpw 136

a) A`n-jn-‡-cmb ip{iq-j-Icpw ssZh-h-N-\hpw 137b) ssZh-h-N-\hpw sshZn-I-hn-Zym¿∞n-Ifpw 141c) ssZh-h-N-\hpw ka¿∏n-X-Po-hn-Xhpw 143d) ssZh-h-N-\hpw Aevamb hnizm-kn-Ifpw 145e) ssZh-h-N-\hpw hnhm-lhpw IpSpw-_hpw 146

hnip-≤-en-Jn-X-Øns‚ {]m¿∞-\m-]q¿Æ-amb ]mcm-b-Whpw "⁄m\-hm-b\'bpw 148

ssZh-h-N-\hpw adn-b-tØm-Sp≈ {]m¿∞-\bpw 155

ssZh-h-N-\hpw hnip-≤-\mSpw 156

`mKw aq∂vhN\w temI-Øn-\p-th≠n

k`-bpsS ZuXyw: ssZh-h-N\w temItØmSv {]kw-Kn-°pI 161

]nXm-hn¬\n∂p-¤-hn®v ]nXm-hn-te°p aS-ßp∂ hN\w 161

{]Xym-i-bpsS ""hN\w'' temI-tØmSv {]tLm-jn-°p∂p 162

ssZh-h-N-\-amWv k`-bpsS ZuXy-Øns‚ Dd-hnSw 164hN-\hpw ssZh-cm-Pyhpw 165Cu {]tLm-jWw \S-Øm≥ ⁄m\-kv\m\w kzoI-cn® F√m-h¿°pw DØ-c-hm-Zn-Ø-ap≠v 167

hnizmkw kzoI--cn-®n-´n-√m-Ø-h-cpsS CS-bn-ep≈ ZuXy-Øns‚ Bh-iy-IX 169

{]tLm-j-Whpw \hkphn-ti-j-h-XvI-c-Whpw 169


ssZh-h-N-\hpw ss{IkvX-h-km-£yhpw 170

ssZh-h-N-\hpw temI-Ønse {]Xn-_-≤-Xbpw 174""G‰hpw Ffn-b-h-cmb Ahn-SpsØ ktlm-Z-c-ß-fn¬'' tbip-hn\v sNøp∂ ip{iqj (a-Øm. 25:40) 174

ssZh-h-N-\hpw kaq-l-Øn¬ \oXn-tbm-Sp≈ {]Xn-_-≤-Xbpw 175

ssZh-h-N\ {]tLm-j-Whpw P\-X-Iƒ°n-S-bnse A\p-c-RvP-\hpw kam-[m-\hpw 177

ssZh-h-N-\hpw {]mtbm-KnIamb ]c-kvt\-lhpw 178

ssZh-h-N\ {]tLm-j-Whpw bph-P-\-ßfpw 180

ssZh-h-N-\-{]-tLm-j-Whpw IpSn-tb-‰-°mcpw 182

ssZh-h-N-\-{]-tLm-j-Whpw kl-\-a-\p-`hn-°p-∂-hcpw 183

ssZh-h-N\ {]tLm-j-Whpw Zcn-{Zcpw 185

ssZh-h-N-\-{]-tLm-j-Whpw {]Ir-Xn-bpsS kwc-£-Whpw 186

ssZh-h-N-\hpw kwkvIm-chpw 188

a\p-jy-k-aq-l-Øns‚ Pohn-X-Øn¬ kwkvIm-c-Øn-\p≈ aqeyw 188

kwkvIm-c-ßƒ°p≈ al-Ømb Hcp s]cp-am-‰-®-´-amWv ss__nƒ 189

hnZym-e-b-ß-fnepw k¿Δ-I-em-im-e-I-fnepw ss__nƒ hn⁄m\w 190

hnip-≤-en-Jn-X-ßƒ sshhn-≤y-am¿∂ Iem-cq-]-ß-fn¬ 191

ssZh-h-N-\hpw kmaq-ly-hn-\n-ab D]m-[n-Ifpw 191

ss__nfpw kwkvIm-c-ß-fpsS kzmwio-I-c-Whpw 193

ss__nƒ hnh¿Ø-\hpw AXv IqSp-X¬ hn]p-e-ambn e`y-am-°epw 195

ssZh-h-N\w kwkvIm-c-Øns‚ ]cn-[n-Iƒ AXn-ew-Ln-°p∂p 196

ssZh-h-N-\hpw hyXykvX aX-hn-izm-k-ßƒ XΩn-ep≈ kwhm-Zhpw 197

a-Xßƒ XΩn-ep≈ kwhm-Z-Øns‚ aqeyw 197

ss{IkvX-hcpw ap…o-ßfpw XΩn¬ kwhmZw 198

a‰p-a-X-ß-fp-am-bp≈ kwhmZw 199

kwhm-Zhpw aX-kzm-X-{¥yhpw 200

D]-kw-lmcw 201

ssZh-Øns‚ \n¿Æm-b-I-amb hN\w 201

]pXnb kphn-ti-j-h-XvI-c-Whpw ]pXnb {ih-Whpw 202

hN-\hpw B\-μhpw 203

hN-\-Øns‚ amXmhpw B\-μ-Øns‚ amXmhpw 204

Notes 207

7

{]km-[-I-°p-dn∏v

ssZh-h--N\-sØ-°p-dn-®p≈ k¿h-X-e-kv]¿in-bmb Hcp{]t_m-[-\-tc-J-bmWv s_-\-UnIvSv ]Xn-\m-dm-a≥ am¿]m-∏-bpsS I¿Ømhns‚ hN-\w. 2008 HIvtSm-_-dn¬ \S∂ ]nXm-°-∑m-cpsS kn\-Unse BtKm-f-X-e-Øn-ep≈ {]mXn-\n-[y-Øn-eqsS CXn\v km¿h-{Xn-I-amb Hcp khn-ti-j-am-\hpwssIh-cp-∂p. ""ssZh-h-N\w k`-bpsS Pohn-X-Ønepw {]h¿-Ø-\-ß-fnepw'' F∂-Xm-bn-cp-∂p kn\-Uns‚ {]ta-bw. ssZh-Øn-s‚ hN\w (I), ssZh-h-N\w k`-bn¬ (II), ssZh-h-N\wtemI-Øn¬ (III) F∂n-ßs\ aq∂p `mK-ß-fm-bmWv CuA∏-kvtXm-enI Blzm\w {Iao-I-cn-°-s∏-´n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. 124\º-dp-I-fn-embn 200-˛¬ A[nIw t]Pp-I-fp≈ Cu {]t_m-[-\-tc-Jbv°v 382 ASn-°p-dn-∏p-Iƒ \evIn-bn-cn-°p∂p F∂p]d-bp-tºmƒ; hnj-b-Øns‚ Kuchw Dƒs°m≠p \S-Øn-bn-cn-°p∂ hn]p-ehpw kkq-£vahpw ]WvUn-tXm-Nn-X-hp-ambA]-{K-Y-\-ßƒ°v as‰mcp hni-Zo-I-c-W-am-h-iy-an-√-X-s∂.

c≠mw hØn-°m≥ Iu¨kn-ens‚ ssZh-h-N\w (DeiVerbum) F∂ {]am-W-tc-J-bv°p-tijw ssZh-h-N-\sØkw_-‘n®p e`n-°p∂ G‰hpw B[n-Im-cn-Ihpw ka-{K-hp-amb {]t_m-[-\-tc-J-bmWv "I¿Øm-hns‚ hN\w'. Hcp-]t£ C\nbpw ]Xn-‰m-≠p-Iƒ hN-\-Øns‚ shfn-®-Øn¬Ncn-°p-hm≥ \ap-°-h-ew_w! ]cn-ip≤ Ip¿_m-\sb kw_-‘n®p \S∂ ]nXm-°-∑m-cpsS kn\Upw hnip≤ ]utemkn-s‚ h¿jm-N-c-Whpw Cu {]ta-b-Øn-te°p \bn-°p-IbpwIf-sam-cp-°p-Ibpw sNbvX A\p-{Klo-Xm-h-k-c-ß-fm-bn-cp∂p.

k`-bpsS Pohn-X-Ønepw temI-Po-hn-X-Ønepw hnizm-kn-Iƒ°pw hnizm-k-Øn¬ \n∂-I-se-bmbncn°p-∂-h¿°pw Hcp-t]m-se _m[-I-amb hN-\-Øns‚ D≈-d-I-fn-te°p {]th-


in-°p-∂-Xn\p≈ Hcp Ihm-S-ambn Cu A∏-kvtXm-enIBlzm\w \ne-sIm-≈p-∂p. c£m-I-c-N-cn-{X-Øn-eq-sS-bp≈k`-bpsS bm{X-bn-ep-S-\ofw hN\w hnf-°mbn {]tim-`n-®n-´p-≠v. hN-\-Øns‚ shfn®w am{X-a-√, ss__n-fnse ""Ccp-f-S-™-`m-K-ß-fpw-'' (\w. 41) Cu tcJ-bnse At\z-j-W-Øns‚ ]cn-[n-bn-ep-≠v.

hN\w Pohn® k`m-]n-Xm-°-∑mcpw hnip-≤cpw Ncn-{X-Øn-eqsS-bp≈ k`-bpsS {]bm-W-Ønse kl-Im-cn-Ifpwt\cn´ {]Xn-_-‘-ß-fp-sa√mw ChnsS {]Xn-]m-Zy-ß-fm-Wv.ssZh-im-kv{X-Øn-s‚bpw k`m-hn-⁄m-\o-b-Øn-s‚bpw IqZm-i-I-fp-sSbpw hnhn-[-am-\-ßƒ F∂√; temI-Po-hn-X-Ønse,IpSpw-_-Po-hn-X-Ønse km[m-c-W-X-e-ßfpw CXn¬ CXƒhncn-bp-∂p. hN\w hymJym-\n-°pI F∂ DØ-c-hm-Zn-ØhpwhymJym\w hgnsX‰n-bm-ep-≠m-Ip∂ A]I-Shpw Cu {]t_m-[\w Cg-]n-cn-®p-Im-Wn-°p-∂p.

ssZh-h-N\w hmbn-°p-Ibpw {ihn-°p-Ibpw [ym\n-°p-Ibpw {]m¿∞-\m-t{km-X- p-I-fm-°p-Ibpw ]Tn-°p-Ibpw ]Tn-∏n-°p-Ibpw sNøp∂ F√m-h¿°pw Cu {]t_m-[-\-tc-J-bpsS Hcp hmb-\-Xs∂ F{X-b-[nIw ]pXnb Z¿i-\-ßfpwDƒ°m-gvN-Ifpw \¬Im-Xn-cn-°n√!

\ΩpsS hnizm-k-Po-hn-X-Øns‚ Hcp ssI∏p-kvX-I-ambnamtd≠ ""I¿Ømhns‚ hN\w'' ae-bm-f-Øn¬ e`y-am-°p-∂-Xn-ep≈ Nmcn-Xm¿∞yhpw CXn\v \nc-¥cw ]n¥p-Wbpwt{]m’m-l-\hpw \¬Ip-∂-h-tcmSpw CXp ImØn-cn-°p∂-htcm-Sp-ap≈ IrX-⁄-Xbpw Adn-bn-°p-∂-tXm-sSm∏wIm¿sΩ¬ C‚¿\m-j-W¬ ]ªo-jnwKv lukv 30-˛mw h¿j-Øn-te°p {]th-in-°p∂ 2010-̨ se {InkvXp-akv kΩm-\-ambnCXv tIc-f-k-`bv°v khn-\bw ka¿∏n-°p∂p

15 Unkw-_¿, 2010 ^m. amXyp Xp≠-Øn¬, H.-kn.-Un.

Ub-d-IvS¿

Im¿sΩ¬ C‚¿\m-j-W¬ ]ªo-jnwKv lukv

9

I¿Øm-hns‚ hN\w(Verbum Domini)

"ssZh-h-N\w k -̀bpsS Pohn-X-ØnepwZuXy-Ønepw' F∂ hnjbsØ kw_-‘n®v,

sa{Xm-∑m-¿°pw sshZn-I-¿°pwka¿∏nXPohnXw \bn-°p-∂-h¿°pw

Aevambhnizm-kn-Iƒ°pambns_\-UnIvSv ]Xn-\m-dm-a≥ am¿]m-∏-bpsS

A∏-kvtXm-enI DZvt_m[\w"I¿Øm-hns‚ hN-\w'

(Verbum Domini)

D]-{Iaw

1. ""I¿Øm-hns‚ hN\w \nXyw \ne-\n¬°p-∂p. BhN\w Xs∂-bmWv \n-ß-tfmSv {]kw-Kn-°-s∏´ kphn-tijw'' (1 ]t{Xm. 1:25; cf. Gi. 40:8). Giøm Zo¿L-Z¿in-bpsS hm°p-Iƒ A\p-kva-cn-∏n-®p-sIm≠v hnip≤]t{Xmkv Xs‚ H∂mw teJ-\-Øn¬ \S-Øp∂ Cu{]Jym-]\w \sΩ ssZh-Øns‚ alm-c-l-ky-Øns‚apºmsI FØn-°p∂p — Xs‚ hN-\-Øn-eqsS kzbwshfn-s∏-Sp-Øm≥ Xncp-a-\- mb ssZh-Øns‚ cl-kyw.\nXyw \ne-\n¬°p∂ Cu hN\w Ime-Øn¬ {]th-in-®p. ssZhw Xs‚ \nXy-amb hN\w am\p-jn-I-amb coXn-


bn¬ D®-cn®p; Ahn-SpsØ ""hN\w amwk-ambn'' (tbml.1:14). CXmWv kphn-ti-jw. \q‰m-≠p-IfneqsS IS∂v C∂v\ap°v e`n-°p-∂- {]Jym-]\w CXm-Wv. 2008 HIvtSm-_¿5 apX¬ 26 hsc hØn-°m-\n¬ \S∂ sa{Xm-∑m-cpsS kn\-Uns‚ ]{¥-≠m-aXv km[m-cW s]mXp-k-tΩ-f\w N¿®m-hn-j-b-ambn sXc-s™-Sp-ØXv "ssZh-h-N\w k`-bpsSPohn-X-Ønepw ZuXy-Ønepw' F∂-Xm-bn-cp-∂p. ]nXm-hns‚ hN-\hpw, Xs‚ \ma-Øn¬ ct≠m aqt∂m t]¿Hcp-an-®p-Iq-Sp-∂n-SØv Ah-cpsS at≤y k∂n-ln-X-\p-amb{InkvXp-hns\ I≠p-ap-´p-I- F∂ Bg-ta-dnb A\p-`-h-am-bn-cp∂p AXv (a-Øm. 18:20). kn\Uv ktΩ-f-\-Øn¬ \n∂p-≠mb {it≤-b-amb ^e-ßfpw Rß-fpsS Iq´mb{]h¿Ø-\-Øn¬\n∂v Dcp-Øn-cn™ ip]m¿i-Ifpw ssZh-P-\sØ apgp-h≥ Adn-bn-°-W-sa∂v AXn¬ kw_-‘n®]nXm-°-∑m¿ \S-Ønb A-`y¿∞-\-tbmSv kk-t¥mjwRm≥ \S-Øp∂ {]Xn-I-c-W-amWv Cu "kn\-U\-¥c A∏-kvtXm-enI Blzm\w' (Post Synodal Apostolic Exhortation).1AXp-sIm≠v kn\Uv kw_-‘n® tcJ-I-fpsS shfn-®-Øn¬ Cu ktΩ-f\w sNbvX tPmensb hne-bn-cp-Øm-\mWv Rm≥ Dt±-in-°p-∂-Xv. en\n-b-sa-¥, C≥kv{X-ta¥pwet_m-dn-kv, sdem-kn-tbm-s\kv Bt¥ FØv t]mkvØvUnsj-]vXm-kn-tbm-s\w, k -̀bn¬ Ah-X-cn-∏n-®Xpw tcJm-aqew ka¿∏n-®-Xpamb CS-s]-S-ep-Iƒ, N¿®mkwL-ßƒ\¬Inb dnt∏m¿´p-Iƒ, ssZh-P-\-Øn-\mbn Ah-km\w\¬Inb ktμ-iw, F√m-‰n-\p-ap-]-cn-bmbn kp{]-[m-\-sa∂vkn\Uv ]nXm-°-∑m¿ Icp-Xnb hy‡-amb Nne \n¿t±-i-ßƒ — Ch-bpsS shfn-®-Øn-emWv Cu hne-bn-cp-Ø-en\v Hcp-ßp-∂-Xv. C{]-Imcw \nc-¥cw \S-t°≠ \ho-I-c-W-Øns‚ Dd-hn-S-ambn k`-bpsS Pohn-X-Øn¬ ssZh-h-N-\sØ ho≠pw Is≠-Øp-∂-Xn-\p≈ Nne ASn-ÿm-\-]-c-amb kao-]-\-ßƒ Nq≠n-°m-´m≥ Rm≥ B{K-ln-°p-∂p. AtX-k-abwXs∂ k`m-kw-_-‘-amb F√m{]h¿Ø-\-ß-fp-sSbpw ImX-emb Awiw ssZh-h-N\w

11

Bbn-cn-°-s´-sb∂ {]Xym-ibpw Rm≥ {]I-Sn-∏n-®p-sIm-≈p-∂p.

\ΩpsS kt¥mjw kºq¿Æ-am-Ip-∂-Xn-\mbn

2. BZy -ambn kn\UvktΩ-f -\ -Øn -\n -Sbv°vRßƒ°\p -̀h-s∏´ I¿Øm-hmb tbip-hns\ ]pXp-XmbnI≠p-ap-´n-b-Xns‚ kt¥mjhpw at\m-lm-cn-Xbpw A\p-kva-cn-°p-hm-\mWv Rm≥ B{K-ln-°p-∂-Xv. F√m kn\Uv]nXm-°-∑m-tcm-Sp-sam∏w kakvX hnizm-kn-I-sfbpwhnip≤ tbml-∂ms‚ H∂mw teJ-\-Ønse hm°p-I-fn¬ Rm≥ A`n-hmZyw sNøp∂p: ""]nXm-hn-t\m-Sp-IqSnBbn-cp-∂Xpw Rßƒ°v shfn-s∏-´-Xp-amb \nXy-Po-h≥Rßƒ \nß-tfmSv {]tLm-jn-°p-∂p. Rßƒ ImWp-Ibpw tIƒ°p-Ibpw sNbvXXv \nß-sfbpw Rßƒ Adn-bn-°p-∂p. Rß-fp-ambn \nßƒ°pw Iq´mbva D≠m-tI-≠-Xn-\mWv Rßƒ CXv {]tLm-jn-°p-∂-Xv. Rß-fpsSIq´m-bva-bm-Is´ ]nXm-hn-t\mSpw Ahn-SpsØ ]p{X-\mbtbip-{In-kvXp-hn-t\m-Sp-amWv'' (tbm-l. 1:2˛3). tIƒ°p-I,ImWp-I, kv]¿in-°p-I, kq£n-®p-ho-£n-°pI Ch-sb-∏‰nbmWv At∏m-kvX-e≥ \tΩmSv ]d-bp-∂-Xv. Imc-Ww,{InkvXp-hn¬ shfn-s∏-Sp-Ø-s∏-´Xv Poh≥Xs∂ Bbn-cp-∂p. ssZh-hp -ambpw a\p-jy¿ XΩnepap≈ Iq´m-bvabntebv°p hnfn-°-s∏´ \mw Cu Zm\w D®Øn¬{]Jym-]n-°-Ww. ktμ-i-Øns‚ Cu ImgvN-∏m-Sn¬\n∂vt\m°n-°-≠m¬ k`bv°pw temI-Øn-\pw, Xncpk -̀bpsSIq´m-bva-bn¬ I≠p-ap-́ p∂ ssZh-h-N-\-Øns‚ al-Ømbat\m-lm-cnX {]I-S-am-°p∂ Hcp km£y-am-bn-cp∂pkn\UvktΩ-f-\w. k`bv°pw temIw apgp-h-\p-am-bp≈Hcp km£yw. C°m-c-W-Øm¬ Pohs‚ hN-\-Øns‚Zriy-cq-]-amb {InkvXp-hp-am-bp≈ hy‡n-]-chpw Iq´m-bva-°-Sp-Ø-Xp-amb I≠p-ap-´¬ \ho-I-cn-°p-hm\pw {InkvXp-hns‚ apt∂m-Sn-I-fm-Iphm\pw F√m hnizm-kn-I-sfbpwt{]m’m-ln-∏n-°p-hm≥ Rm≥ B{K-ln-°p-∂p. Aßs\

D]-{Iaw


ssZhnI Pohs‚ Zm\amb Iq´mbva temI-saßpw hym]n-°p-hm≥, CS-bm-I-Ww. ssZh-Øns‚ Poh-\n¬ ]¶m-fn-bm-Ip-I, kvt\l-Øns‚ {XnXz-amb ssZh-Øns‚ Poh-\n¬ ]¶m-fn-bm-Ip-I, F∂-XmWv kºq¿Æ-amb B\μw(1 tbml. 1:4). \ΩpsS at≤y hkn-°p∂ ssZh-h-N-\-amb {InkvXp F∂ hy‡nsb I≠p-ap-´p-∂-Xp-hgn D≠m-Ip∂ Cu kt¥mjw a‰p-≈-h¿°v ]I¿∂p-sIm-Sp-°p-I-sb-∂Xv k`-bpsS Zm\hpw Hgn-®p-Iq-Sm\m-ImØ Npa-X-ebpamWv. ssZhsØ Bh-iy-an-√, ssZhw A{]-k-‡-am-sW∂v an°-t∏mgpw Icp-Xp∂ Cu temIØv Ahn-SpsØ ]°¬ am{X-amWv ""\nXy-Po-hs‚ hN-\-ßƒ''D≈Xv F∂-v hnip≤ ]t{Xm-kn-s\m∏w \Ωfpw G‰p-]-d-bp-∂p (tbm-l. 6:68). \ΩpsS Ime-L-´-Øn¬ Pohn-°p∂Bfp-Isf Hcn-°¬°qSn ssZhsØ I≠p-ap-´m≥ Ign-hp-≈-h-cm-°p-I. \ap°v kar-≤-ambn Poh≥ e`y-am-Ip-∂-Xn\v\tΩmSv kwkm-cn-°p-Ibpw \map-ambn kvt\lw ]¶p-h-bv°p-Ibpw sNøp∂ ssZhsØ I≠p-ap-´m≥ Ahsci‡-cm-°pI (tbm-l. 10:10) CXn-t\-°mƒ ap≥K-W\A¿ln-°p-∂-Xmbn bmsXm-∂p-an√:

""ssZh-h-N-\-Øn¬'' (Dei Verbum) \n∂v ssZh-hN\w kw_-‘n® kn\Un-te°v

3. ssZh-h-N\w kw_-‘n®v sa{Xm-∑m-cpsS kn\-Uns‚ ]{¥-≠m-aXv km[m-cW s]mXp-k-tΩ-f-\-tØm-Sp-IqSn ss{IkvX-h-PohnX-Øns‚ lrZbw Xs∂-bmWvRßƒ ssIImcyw sNøp-∂Xv F∂ Ah-t_m[w R-ßƒ°p-≠m-bn. ""Znhy-Im-cpWyw'' k`-bpsS Pohn-X-Øn-s‚bpw ZuXy-Øn-s‚bpw t{kmX pw D®-tIm-Snbpw F∂hnj-bs-Ø kw_-‘n®v t\csØ \S-Ønb kn\-Uns‚XpS¿®-bmWv CsX∂pw Rßƒ Xncn-®-dn-™p. ssZh-h-N\w F∂ ASn -Ø-d -bn -emWv Xncp -k` ]Wn-Xp -b¿Øs∏´n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. B hN-\-Øn¬\n-∂mWv Ahƒcq]-sa-SpØXpw Pohn-°p-∂-Xpw.2 Ncn-{X-ØnepS-\ofw

13

ssZh-P\w ssZh-h-N-\-Øn¬ F-t∏mgpw i‡n Is≠-Øn-bn-cp-∂p. B hN\w {ihn®pw BtLm-jn®pw ]Tn®pwBWv C∂pw k`m-k-aqlw hf-cp-∂Xv. Ign™ GXm\pwZi-I-ß-fn¬ Cu hnjbw kw_-‘n®v k`m-Po-hn-X-Øn\pIqSp-X¬ Xncn-®-dn-hp-≠m-bn-́ p-≠v. {]tXy-In®pw ss{IkvXhshfn-]m-Sv, kPoh ]mc-º-cyw, hnip-≤-{KŸw Ch-bp-ambn_‘-s∏´ Xe-ß-fn¬. entbm ]Xn-aq-∂m-a≥ am¿]m-∏-bpsS Imew-sXm´v k`-bpsS Pohn-X-Øn¬ hnip-≤-{KŸ]T-\-Øn-s‚bpw ssZh-h-N-\-Øn-s‚bpw {]m[m\yw kw_-‘n® Ah-t_m[w h¿≤n-∏n-°p-∂-Xn-\p≈ DZy-a-ßƒ°vASn-°Sn B°w IqSn-h-∂p.3 CXv ]mc-ay-Øn-se-Øp-∂Xvc≠mw hØn-°m≥ kq\-l-tZm-kn-em-Wv. {]tXy-In®pw"ssZh-h-N-\w' (Dei verbum) F∂ Znhy shfn-]mSv kw_-‘n® {]am-W-tc-J-bpsS hn⁄m-]-\-Øn¬. Cu{]amWtcJ k`-bpsS Ncn-{X-Øn¬ Hcp \mgn-I-°-√m-bn-cp-∂p. ""hnip-≤-{KŸhymJym-\w, ssZh-im-kv{Xw, Bflo-b-X, AP-]m-e-\w, k`m sFIyw F∂o Xe-ß-fn¬ Cu{]am-W-tcJ k`m-Po-hn-X-Øn¬ F¥p-am{Xw KpWwsNbvXp F∂v kn\Uv ]nXm-°-∑m¿ \μn-]q¿Δw Xncn-®-dn-bp-∂p.4'' CXn-\p-ti-j-ap≈ h¿j-ß-fnepw CXv kw_-‘n® Ah-t_m[w hf-cp-∂-Xmbn \mw ImWp-∂p. ""shfn-]m-Sns‚ {XnXz-_-≤hpw c£m-I-c-N-cn-{X-Øn-t‚-Xp-ambN{I-hmfw kw_-‘n®pw5'' D≈ Ah-t_m[w; Cu ]›m-Ø-e-Øn¬ ""tbip-{In-kvXp- a≤y-ÿ\pw F√m shfn-]m-Sn-s‚bpw ]q¿Æ-Xbpw6'' Bbn Xncn-®-dn-bs∏S-Ww. CuXncn-®-dn-hn\v B°w IqSn-bn-´p-≠v. Hmtcm Xe-ap-d-tbmSpwXncp-k` \nc-¥cw DZvtLm-jn-°p-∂Xv {InkvXp ""shfn-]mSv ]q¿Øn-bm-°n, kºq¿Æ-am°n'' F∂mWv. ""Ahn-SpsØ km∂n-≤y-hp-ambn _‘-s∏´ F√m-°m-cyhpw Ahn-Sp∂v \S-Ønb kzbw shfn-s∏-Sp-Øepw CXv ssIh-cn°p-∂-Xn-\m-bn-cp-∂p: Ahn-SpsØ hm°p-Ifpw {]hr-Øn-I-fpw,AS-bm-f-ßfpw A¤p-Xßfpw F√m-‰n-\p-ap-]-cn-bmbn Ahn-SpsØ ac-Whpw acn-®-h-cn¬\n-∂p≈ Dbn¿sØ-gp-t∂-

D]-{Iaw


ev]pw, Ah-km-\-ambn Ahn-Sp∂v Xs‚ Acq-]nsb Ab-®-Xpw.7''

Xncp-k-`-bpsS Pohn-X-Øn¬ ssZh-h-N-\-Øn-ep≈XmXv]cyw ]pXnb Hcp-W¿hv t\Sp-∂-Xn\pw Znhy-sh-fn-]mSv kw_-‘n® ssZh-im-kv{X-]-c-amb hnNn-¥-\-Øn\pwhnip-≤-{KŸ]T-\-Øn\pw "ssZh-h-N\w' (Dei Verbum)F∂ {]amW-tcJ F{X-am{Xw DtØ-P\w \¬In-sb∂vF√m-h¿°pw Adn-bmw. Ign™ \mev]Xv h¿j-ambn Xncp-k` {]t_m-[-\m-[n-Imcw hn\n-tbm-Kn®v Cu hnjbwkw_-‘n®v \nc-h[n {]kvXm-h-\-Iƒ ]pd-s∏-Sp-hn-®n-́ p-≠v.8

]cn-ip-≤m-cq-]n-bpsS am¿§-Z¿i\w kzoI-cn-®p-sIm≠v Xs‚bm{X XpS-tc-≠-Xps≠∂v Xncn-®-dn-™v, Cu kn\UvktΩ-fn°p-I-h-gn, ssZh-h-N\w F∂ hnjbw kw_-‘n®IqSp-X¬ hnNn-¥\w \S-tØ-≠-Xm-sW∂pw hØn-°m≥Iu¨kn-ens‚ \n¿t±-i-ßƒ \S-∏n-em-°n-bXv kw_-‘n®v Hcp Ah-tem-I\w \S-Øm\pw ss{IkvX-h-hn-izm-kn-I-fpsS apºn¬ Cu Ime-L´w Db¿Øp∂ sh√p-hn-fn-Isf t\cn-Sp-∂-Xn\pw Cu hnNn-¥-\w Bh-iy-am-sW∂vk`bv°v tXm∂n.

ssZh-h-N\w kw_-‘n®v sa{Xm-∑m-cpsS kn\Uv

4. kn\Uns‚ ]{¥-≠m-aXv ktΩ-f-\-Øn¬ temI-Øns‚ F√m ̀ mK-ß-fn¬\n-∂p-ap≈ sa{Xm-∑m¿ ssZh-h-N-\-Øn-\p-Np‰pw H∂n-®p-IqSn {]Xo-Im-fl-I-ambn hnip≤{KŸw ktΩ-f-\-th-Zn-bpsS a[y-Øn¬ {]Xn-jvTn®p. A\p-Zn-\-Po-hn-X-Øn¬ \ΩpsS {i≤-bn¬s∏-SmsX t]mIp∂Hcp hkvXpX ASn-h-c-bn v́ Im´p-hm-\mWv Cß-s\ sNbvX-Xv. ""ssZhw \tΩmSv kwkm-cn-°p∂p; \ΩpsS tNmZy-ßƒ°v Ahn-Sp∂v adp-]Sn ]d-bp-∂p.''9 CXmWv BhkvXpX. Rßƒ H∂n®v I¿Øm-hns‚ hN\w {ihn-®p,I¿Øm-hns‚ hN\w BtLm-jn-®p. ssZh-P-\-Øns‚a≤y-Øn¬ I¿Ømhv sNbvXp-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂-sX√mwRßƒ ]c-kv]cw ]d-™p-tIƒ∏n-®p. {]Xym-i-Ifpw Bi-

15

¶-Ifpw Rßƒ ]¶p-h-®p. ssZh-h-N-\-hp-ambn \ap-°p≈_‘w "k`-bpsS Iq´m-bva-bn¬' am{Xta Bg-ap-≈-Xm-°m≥ Ignbq F∂v CXn-eq-sS-sb√mw Rßƒ°v t_m≤y-am-bn. ]c-kv]cw ]d™pw ]d-bp-∂Xv {i≤n-®p-tI-́ pw, ]c-kv]cw AwKo-I-cn®pw am{Xta CXv km≤y-am-Iq. temI-Øns‚ hnhn-[-`m-K-ß-fn¬ k`m-Po-hnXw Fßs\ \S-°p∂p F∂Xp kw_-‘n® km£y-ß-tfmSv CXn\vRßƒ \μn ]d-b-Ww. ktΩ-f-\-Øn-\n-S-bv°p-≠mb hn-hn[ CS-s]-S-ep-I-fmWv Cu km£y-Øn\v \nanØ-am-b-Xv. kn\Uv ktΩ-f-\-Øn¬ ]s¶-Sp-°m≥ Rßƒ£Wn® ktlm-ZcZuXy-kw-L-ßsf {ihn-®Xpw hnIm-c-\n¿ -̀c-amb Hc-\p-̀ -h-am-bn-cp-∂p. tIm¨Ãm‚n-t\m-∏nfnseFIyq-sa-\n-°¬ ]m{Xn-bm¿°o-kmb _¿Ø-tem-an-tbmkvH∂m-as‚ am≤yÿw Rm≥ {]tXyIw A\p-kva-cn-°p-∂p.kn\Uv ]nXm-°-∑m¿ Atß-b‰w hne-a-Xn® A`n-{]m-b-ß-fm-bn-cp-∂p Xncp-ta-\n-bp-tS-Xv.10 Ncn-{X-Øn¬ BZy-ambnkn\Uv ]nXm-°-∑m¿ Hcp blq-Z-Kp-cp-hns\ ktΩ-f-\-Øn-te°v £Wn-®n-cp-∂p. lo{_pss__nƒ kw_-‘n®At±-l-Øns‚ hne-s∏´ km£yw e`y-am-Im-\mWvCßs\ sNbvX-Xv. lo{_p hnip-≤-{K-Ÿhpw \ΩpsS hnip-≤-{KŸ-Øns‚ Hcp `mK-am-W-t√m.11

Cßs\ ""k`-bn¬ C∂v Hcp s]¥-t°m-kvXm-Zn-hkwBWv'' F∂v kt¥m-j-tØmSpw IrX-⁄-X-tbmSpw Xncn-®-dn-bm≥ Rßƒ°v Ign-™p. AXm-b-Xv, k` hnhn[`mj-I-fn¬ kwkm-cn-°p∂p; _mly-ambn am{X-a-√, temI-Ønse kp{]-[m-\-`m-j-I-sf√mw k`-bn¬ D]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂p-s≠∂ A¿∞-Øn¬ am{X-a-√, Iptd-°qSn Bg-ta-dnbA¿∞-Øn¬ k` ̀ n∂ ̀ mj-Iƒ kwkm-cn-°p-∂p-≠v. tem-I-sØbpw ssZh-sØbpw kw_-‘n® hyXykvX A\p-`-h-ßƒ k`-bv°p-≈n¬Øs∂bp-≠v. kº-∂-ambhyXykvX kwkvIm-c-ßsf k` Dƒs°m-≈p-∂p-≠v. C-ßs\ am{Xta am\p-jn-Im-\p-`hw F{X hnim-e-am-sW∂v\mw a\- n-em-°p-I-bp-≈q. Aßs\ ssZh-h-N\w F{X

D]-{Iaw


hnim-e-am-sW∂pw \mw a\- n-em-°pw.''12 XpS¿∂p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p∂ Hcp s]¥-t°mkvXm ImWm\pw Rßƒ°hnsSIgn-™p. hnhn[ P\-X-Iƒ Ah-cpsS kz¥w ̀ mj-bnepwkwkvIm-c-Ønepw ssZh-h-N\w {]tLm-jn-°-s∏-Sp-hm≥Ct∏mgpw ImØn-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv.

kn\Un¬ DS-\ofw ]utemkv At∏m-kvX-es‚km£yw Rß-tfm-sSm∏w D≠m-bn-cp∂p F∂ hkvXpXRm≥ Fßs\ A\p-kva-cn-°m-Xn-cn°pw! P\-X-I-fpsSalm-\mb At∏m-kvX-e\v {]tXyIw A¿∏n-°-s∏-ń-cp∂h¿jw, hnip-≤≥ P\n®v c≠m-bn-cw-h¿jw XnI-bp∂ Ah-k-c-Øn¬, kn\-Uns‚ Cu ]{¥≠mw km[m-cW s]mXp-k-tΩ-f\w \S-°m-\n-S-bm-bXpw ssZh-]-cn-]m-e-\-bpsS ̀ mK-am-Wv. ssZh-h-N\w {]N-cn-∏n-°p-∂-Xn-ep≈ Xo£vW-X-bmWv ]utem-kns‚ Pohn-X-Øn¬ \nd-™p-\n-∂-Xv. ssZh-h-N\w {]kw-Kn-°p-I-bmWv Xs‚ ZuXyw F∂v hnip-≤≥hnIm-tcm-jva-f-X-tbmsS ]d-bp-∂Xv \ΩpsS lrZ-bsØFß-s\-bmWv kv]¿in-°m-Xn-cn-°pI! ""kphn-ti-j-Øn-\p-th≠n Rm≥ Ch-sb√mw sNøp∂p'' (1 tImdn. 9:23).tdmam-°m¿°p≈ teJ-\-Øn¬ hnip-≤≥ Fgp-Xp∂p:""kphn-ti-j-sØ-∏‰n Rm≥ e÷n-°p-∂n-√. Fs¥-∂m¬hniz-kn-°p∂ Gh¿°pw, AXv c£-bn-te°v \bn-°p∂ssZh-i-‡n-bmWv'' (tdmam 1:16). k`-bpsS Pohn-XhpwZuXy-hp-ambn _‘-s∏-SpØn ssZh-h-N\w \mw hnNn-¥-\-Øn-\p-hn-t[-b-am-°p-tºm-sg√mw hnip≤ ]utem-kn-s\bpw {InkvXp-hns‚ c£m-Icktμiw F√m P\-X-Iƒ°pw FØn-®p-sIm-Sp-°p-∂-Xn\pth≠n sNe-h-gn®hnip-≤s‚ Pohn-X-sØbpw Hm¿Ωn-°m-Xn-cn-°pI hø.

tbml-∂ms‚ kphn-ti-j-Øns‚ BapJwHcp hgn-Imń

5. k`-bpsS Pohn-X-Øn¬ kn\Uns‚ {]h¿-Ø\wbYm¿∞-Øn¬ ê-ap-≠m-°Ww F∂ Fs‚ B{K-l-amWv Cu A∏-kvtXm-enI Blzm\w {]I-S-am-°p-∂-Xv.

17

hnip-≤-{K-Ÿ-hp-ambn \ap-°p≈ hy‡n-]-c-amb _‘w,Bcm-[-\m-{I-a-Ønepw aX-t_m-[-\-Ønepw hnip-≤-{KŸwhymJym-\n-°¬ AXp-t]mse imkv{Xob Kth-jWw —Cu taJ-e-I-fn-se√mw ss__nƒ ̀ qX-Im-e-Øp-\n-∂p-h∂hN\w am-{X-ambn Xoc-cp-Xv, Poh-\p-≈Xpw Imtem-Nn-X-hp-amb Hcp hN-\-am-bn-cn-°Ww AXv. CXv t\Sp-∂-Xn\vkn\Uns‚ {]h¿Ø\w hni-Zo-I-cn-°m\pw AXv hnizm-kn-I-fpsS apºn¬ Ah-X-cn-∏n-°m\pw Rm≥ B{K-ln-°p-∂p. CXn-te°p tbml-∂ms‚ kphn-ti-j-Øns‚ Bap-JsØ IqsS-°qsS ]cm-a¿in-t°-≠n-hcpw (tbm-l. 1:1˛8).\ΩpsS Pohn-X-Øns‚ ASn-ÿm\w F¥v F∂v Adn-bn-°p-∂-XmWv Cu Bap-Jw: BZn-ap-Xte ssZh-tØm-sSm-∏-am-bn-cp∂ hN\w; amwk-ambn \Ωp-sS- C-S-bn¬ hkn®hN\w'' (tbm-l. 1:14). CXv AXn-a-t\m-l-c-amb Hcp hN-\-̀ m-K-am-Wv. kakvX ss{IkvX-h-hn-izm-k-Øn-s‚bpw HcpDZv{K-Y\w CXn¬ AS-ßn-bn-´p-≠v. {InkvXp-hns\ I≠p-ap-´p-Ibpw ]n≥sN-√p-Ibpw sNbvX hy‡n-]-c-amb A\p-`-h-Øn¬\n-∂v, ""tbip kvt\ln-®n-cp∂ injy≥'' (tbm-l. 13:23; 20:2; 21:7, 20) F∂v ]mc-ºcyw ]d-bp∂ tbml-∂m\pw ""Bg-ta-dnb Hcp Dd-∏p-≠m-bn. ssZh-Øns‚hn⁄m\w a\p-jy-\mbn Ah-X-cn-®-XmWv tbip; A\m-Zn-Imew apX-te-bp≈ ssZh-h-N\w ac-W-ap≈ a\p-jy-\mbn Xo¿∂''XmWv Ahn-Sp∂v.13 ""ImWp-Ibpw hniz-kn-°p-Ibpw'' (cf. tbml. 20:8) sNbvX tbml-∂m≥ {InkvXp-hns‚ amdn¬ Nmcn-bn-cn-°p-hm≥ \sΩbpw klm-bn-°s´(tbm-l. 13:25). c‡hpw Pehpw Hgp-In-h-∂Xv Ahn-sS-\n-∂m-W-t√m (cf. tbm-l. 19:34). Xncp-k-̀ -bnse IqZm-i-I-fpsS{]Xo-I-ß-fmWv Cu c‡hpw Pe-hpw. At∏m-kvX-e-\mbtbml-∂m-s‚bpw {]tNm-Zn-X-cmb a‰v {KŸ-I¿Øm-°-fp-sSbpw amXrI ]n≥Xp-S¿∂v ssZh-h-N-\-tØmSv Ft∏mgpwIqSp-X¬ kvt\lw D≠m-Ip∂ coXn-bn¬ ]cn-ip-≤m-cq]n\sΩ \bn-°p-∂-Xn\v \ap°v kzbw A\p-h-Zn-°mw.

D]-{Iaw

19

`mKw H∂v

ssZ-h-h-N-\w(Verbum Dei)

""BZn-bn¬ hN-\-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. hN\w

ssZhtØm-Sp- Iq-sS-bm-bn-cp-∂p. hN\w

ssZham-bn-cp-∂p... hN\w amwk-ambn''

(tbml. 1:1, 14).

21

kwkm-cn-°p∂ ssZhw

ssZhw kwhm-Z-Øn¬

6. a\p-jy-cp-ambn kw`m-jWw \S-Øm≥ ssZhw B{K-ln-°p-∂p. B kw`m-j-W-Øn-eqsS ssZhw Adn-bs∏-Sp∂p— Cu hkvXp-X-bn-emWv ss__n-fnse shfn-]m-Sns‚ \ho-\X AS-ßn-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xv.14 "ssZh-h-N\w' F∂ {]amW-tcJ CXv {]I-S-am-°p-∂Xv ""AZr-iy-\mb ssZhw Xs‚kvt\l-Øns‚ ]q¿Æ-X-bn¬\n∂v a\p-jysc (kv{Xo]pcp-j-∑m-sc), Xs‚ Iq´m-bva-bn-te°v £Wn-°p-∂-Xn\pwkzoI-cn-°p-∂-Xn\pwth≠n kplr-Øp-°ƒ F∂ coXn-bn¬ Ahsc A`n-kw-t_m-[\ sNøp-∂p, Ah-cpsS CS-bn¬ hkn-°p-∂p, F∂v AwKo-I-cn-®p-sIm-≠m-Wv,15

F∂m¬ ssZhw a\p-jy-cp-ambn kvt\l-]q¿Δ-ambIq´mbva D≠m-°p∂p F∂ hkvXpX am{Xw {Kln-®m¬tbml-∂ms‚ Bap-J-Øn¬ AS-ßn-bn-´p≈ ktμiw]q¿Æ-ambpw Dƒs°m-≈m≥ \ap°v Ign-bp-I-bn-√.bYm¿∞-Øn¬ Bcn-eq-sS-bmtWm k¿Δhpw kr„n-°-s∏-́ Xv (tbm-l. 1:1) ""B ssZh-h-N-\w, ""amwk-amb hN\w''(tbml. 1:3) ""BZn-bn¬ D≠m-bn-cp∂ AtX hN\w''(tbml. 1:14) Xs∂-bm-Wv. DXv]-Øn-bpsS ]pkvX-I-Øns‚XpS-°-sØ-bmWv CXv kqNn-∏n-°p-∂Xv F∂v a\- n-em-°n-bm¬ XnI®pw kºq¿Æamb Hcp Bcw-`amW v(beginning) \mw I≠p-ap-´p-I. ssZh-Øns‚ B¥-cn-I-Po-hn-X-sØ-∏-‰n \tΩmSv ]d-bp∂ Hcp BZn-ap-lq¿Øw. hN-\w, temtKm-kv, bYm¿∞-Øn¬ A\-¥-Imew sXmt´Ds≠-∂mWv tbml-∂ms‚ kphn-ti-j-Øns‚ BapJw


\ap°v hy‡-am-°n-Ø-cp-∂-Xv. A\-¥-Im-ew-sXmt´ hN\wssZh-am-sW∂pw. ssZhw Hcn -°epw Xs‚ hN-\-Øn¬\n∂v th¿s]´v \n∂n-cp-∂n-√. {]]©w kr„n-°s∏Sp-∂-Xn-\p-aptº hN\w D≠v. Aßs\ ssZhn-I-Po-hs‚ D≈-d-bn¬ Iq´mbva \ne-hn-ep-≠v. kºq¿Æ-ambZm\w Ahn-sS-bp-≠v. ""ssZhw kvt\l-am-Ip∂p'' (tbml.4:16) F∂v At∏m-kvX-e≥ ]d-bp-∂p. ""ssZhsØ kw_-‘n-®p≈ ss{I-kvXh k¶-ev]hpw AXn¬\n∂v Dcp-Øn-cn-bp∂ a\p-jy-h¿§ k¶-ev]hpw a\p-jy-h¿§-Øns‚BXy-¥nI e-£yhpw'' kqNn-∏n-°p-∂-XmWv Cu hmIyw.16

ssZhw Xs∂-Øs∂ shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂Xv A\-¥-ambkvt\l-Øns‚ Znhy-c-l-ky-am-bn-´m-Wv. B A\-¥-ambkvt\l-Øn¬ ]nXmhv A\m-Zn-Im-ew-sXmt´ ]cn-ip-≤m-cq-]n-bn¬ Xs‚ hN\w D®-cn-°p-∂p. AXp-sIm≠v BZn-ap-Xte ssZh-tØm-sSm-∏-ap≈ hN\w ssZh-amWv; ssZhnIBfp-Iƒ XΩn-ep≈ kvt\l-kw-hm-Z-Øn¬ ssZhw kzbwshfn-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂p. B kvt\l-Øn¬ ]¶m-fn-I-fm-Im≥ssZhw \sΩ £Wn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂p. kvt\l-kz-cq-]n-bmb ssZh-Øns‚ kmZr-iy-Ønepw Omb-bn-ep-amWva\p-jys\ kr-„n-®n-´p-≈-Xv. AXp-sIm≠v hN-\sØkzoI-cn-®m¬ am{Xta \ap°v \sΩ-Øs∂ a\- n-em-°m≥Ign-bp-I-bp-≈q. ]cn-ip-≤m-cq-]n-bpsS {]h¿Ø-\-hp-ambnhn\-b-]q¿Δw kl-I-cn-°p-Ibpw thWw. ssZh-h-N\w \S-Øn-bn-´p≈ shfn-s∏-Sp-Ø-ens‚ shfn-®-Øn¬ a\p-jym-h-ÿ-bm-Ip∂ kaky BXy-¥n-I-ambn hni-Z-am-Ip-∂p-≠v.

ssZh-h-N-\-Øns‚ km[¿Ωyw

7. tbml-∂ms‚ kphn-ti-j-Øns‚ Bap-J-Øn¬ImWp∂ ss{IkvXh cl-ky-Øn-t∑¬ [ym\n-®p-\-S-ØnbhnNn-¥-\-Øns‚ shfn-®-Øn¬, "ssZh-h-N\'sØ∏‰n ]d-bp-tºmƒ GsX√mw hyXykvX coXn-bn¬ \mw kwkm-cn-°p∂p F∂-Xn-s\-∏‰n kn\Uv ]nXm-°-∑m¿ FSp-Øp-]-

23

d™ Imcy-ßƒ \mw Ct∏mƒ ]cn-K-Wnt°≠n-bn-cn-°p-∂p. ]Z-Øns‚ "kzc-eb'sØ∏‰n (symphony) Ah¿\ymb-amb ]cm-a¿iw \S-Øn. hnhn[ A¿∞-ßƒ,F∂m¬ ]c-kv]cw tN¿®-bp≈ A¿∞-ßƒ. H‰-hm-°v,At\Iw coXn-bn¬ {Kln-°m-hp∂ Hcp hm°v. "_lp-kz-c-Øn-ep≈ Hcp Io¿Ø-\w'("a polyphonic hymn").17 ssZh-h-N-\-sØ-∏‰n ]d-bp-tºmƒ a\p-jys‚ `mj km[¿Ωy-co-Xn-bn-emWv (analogically) kwkm-cn-°p-∂-Xv. CuhkvXpX kn\Uv ]nXm-°-∑m¿ Nq≠n-°m-́ n. ssZhw kzbwshfns∏-Sp-∂-Xn-s\-bmWv Cu hm°v kqNn-∏n-°p-∂-sX-¶nepw Cu hm°n\v hyXykvX A¿∞-ß-fp-≠v. Ah{i≤m-]q¿Δw ]cn-tim-[n-°p-Ibpw Ah ]c-kv]cwFßs\ _‘-s∏-´n-cn-°p∂p F∂v a\- n-em-°p-IbpwthWw. ssZh-imkv{X hnNn-¥-\-Øn-s‚bpw AP-]m-e\Iogvhg-°-Øn-s‚bpw ImgvN-∏m-Sn¬\n∂pw Cu ]cn-tim-[\ \S-Ø-Ww. tbml-∂ms‚ kphn-ti-j-Øns‚ BapJwhy‡-am-°p-∂-Xp-t]mse, hN\w F∂p ]d-bp-tºmƒBZy-ambn Dt±-in-°p-∂Xv A\m-Zn-Im-ew-ap-X-ep≈ hN-\w,]p{X≥, F√m bpK-ßƒ°pw aptº ]nXm-hn¬\n∂v P\n-®-h\pw ]nXm-hns‚Xs∂ kz`mhw D≈-h-\p-amb ]p{X≥F∂m-Wv. hN\w ssZh-tØm-Sp-Iq-sS-bm-bn-cp-∂p, hN\wssZh-am-bn-cp-∂p. CtX hN\w ""amwkw Bbn'' (tbm-l.1:14) F∂v hnip≤ tbml-∂m≥ ]d-bp-∂p. Aßs\ I\y-Im-a-dn-b-Øn¬\n-∂p-]nd∂ tbip-{InkvXp bYm¿∞-Øn¬ssZh-Øns‚ hN-\-am-Wv. amwk-am-Ip-I-hgn a\p-jy-kz-`m-h-ap-≈-h-\p-am-bn. \sΩ-t∏m-se-Xs∂ Hcp a\p-jy≥. Cukml-N-cy-Øn¬ ""ssZh-h-N\w'' F∂v ]d-bp-tºmƒ AXvtbip-{InkvXp F∂ hy-‡nsb kqNn-∏n-°p∂p; A\m-Zn-Imew apXte ssZh-Øn-s‚ ]p{X-\m-bn-cp-∂-h\pw a\p-jy-\m-bn-Øo¿∂-h-\p-amb tbip-{In-kvXp.

{InkvXpkw`-h-amWv ssZhnI shfn-]m-Sns‚ tI{μ-_n-μp. F¶nepw kr„{]]-©hpw — {]]-©-am-Ip∂ ]p-

ssZ-h-h-N-\w


kvXIw (liber naturae) — At\-I-kz-c-Øn¬ kzc-e-b-tØmsS Be-]n-°p∂ Km\-Øn¬ Hcp Ahn-`m-Py-L-S-I-am-sW∂v \mw Adn-b-Ww. At\Iw ÿmbn-bn¬, kzc-Øn¬, D®cn°-s∏-Sp∂ Htc hN\-Øns‚ ̀ mK-amWv kr„-{]-]-©-hpw. c£m-I-c-N-cn-{X-Ønepw ssZhw Xs‚ hN\wD®-cn®p F∂ \ΩpsS hnizmkw \mw G‰p]d-bp-∂p-≠v.Ahn-Sp∂v Xs‚ kzcw \mw tIƒ°m≥ CS-bm-°n. Acq-]n-bpsS i‡n-bm¬ ""{]hm-N-I-∑m-cn-eqsS ssZhw kwkm-cn-®p.''18 Aßs\ c£-bpsS Ncn-{X-ØnepS-\ofw ssZh-h-N\w D®-cn-°-s∏-´n-´p-≠v. G‰w ]q¿Æ-ambn hN\w D®-cn-°s∏-́ ncn°p-∂Xv ssZh-]p-{Xs‚ a\p-jym-h-Xm-c-Ønepwac-W-Ønepw Dbn¿sØ-gp-t∂¬∏nepw BWv. Dbn¿sØ-gp-t∂‰ tbip-hns‚ ""\nßƒ temI-sa-ßpw-t]mbn F√mkr„n-I-tfmSpw kphn-tijw {]kw-Kn-°p-hn≥'' (a¿t°m.16:15) F∂ Iev]\ A\p-k-cn®v At∏m-kvX-e-∑m¿ {]kw-Kn-®Xpw B ssZh-h-N\w Xs∂-bm-Wv. Aßs\ ssZh-h-N\w k`-bpsS kPo-h-amb ]mc-º-cy-Øn-eqsS ssIam-ds∏´psIm≠n-cn-°p-∂p. Ah-km-\-am-bn, ssZh-h-N-\-amWvhnip-≤-{K-Ÿw. km£y-s∏-Sp-Ø-s∏-́ Xpw ssZhnI {]tNm-Z\w Dƒs°m≠v cNn-®n-´p-≈-Xp-amb hnip-≤-{KŸw; ]g-b-\n-b-ahpw ]pXn-b-\n-b-a-hpw. \mw Xncp-k-`-bn¬ hnip-≤-{K-Ÿ-sØ hf-sc-b-[nIw BZ-cn -°p-∂p-s≠-¶nepwss{IkvX-h-hn-izmkw Hcp ]pkvX-IsØ B[m-c-am-°n-bp≈ aX-a-√. Cu hkvXpX {Kln-°m≥ taev∏-d-™-sX√mw klm-bn-°pw. ""ssZh-h-N-\-Øns‚ aX-amWvss{IkvX-h-aXw.'' ""Fgp-X-s∏´ aqI-amb hm°ns‚ aX-a√ AXv. a\p-jym-h-Xmcw sNbvX kPo-h-amb hN-\-Øns‚ aX-amWv''19 AXp-sIm-≠v hnip-≤-{KŸw {]tLm-jn-°s∏SWw, tIƒ-°-s∏SWw, hmbn-°-s∏SWw, ssZh-h-N-\-ambn BZ-cn-°-s∏-S-Ww, A\p-`-hn-®-dn-b-Ww. CXvA∏-kvtXm-enI ]mc-º-cy-Øns‚ apJy-[m-c-bn¬\n-∂p-sIm-≠m-I-Ww. B ]mc-º-cy-Øn¬-\n∂v AS¿Øn-am-‰m-\m-Im-

25

Ø-XmWv hnip-≤-{K-Ÿw.20

kq\-l-tZmkv ]nXm-°-∑m¿ {]kvXm-hn-®n-´p-≈-Xp-t]m-se ""ssZh-h-N\w'' F∂ ]Z-{]-tbmKw km[¿Ωy-Øns‚ASn-ÿm-\-Øn-em-Wv (analogically). CXv \mw a\- n-em-t°-≠-Xp-≠v. Cu {]tbm-K-Øns‚ hnhn[ A¿∞-ßƒa\- n-em-°m≥ hnizm-kn-Isf C\nbpw IqSp-X-embn klm-bn-t°-≠-Xp-≠v. AtX-k-a-bw-Xs∂ B {]tbm-K-Øn\v HcpAhn-`mPy A¿∞-hp-ap-s≠∂pw Ah¿ a\- n-em-°-Ww.ssZh-im-kv{X-Øns‚ ImgvN-∏m-Sn¬\n-∂p-sIm≠v t\m°p-tºmƒ Cu {]tbm-K-Øns‚ hyXykvX A¿∞-ßƒFßs\ ]c-kv]cw _‘-s∏-´n-cn-°p∂p F∂Xp kw_-‘n®v C\nbpw ]T\w \S-tØ-≠-Xp-≠v. Aßs\ ssZh-Øns‚ ]≤-Xnbnse sFIyhpw B ]≤-Xnbn¬ {InkvXpF∂ hy‡n-°p≈ {]apJ ÿm\hpw IqSp-X¬ hy‡-ambn {]I-S-am-I-Ww.21

hN-\-Øns‚ {]m]-©nI am\w

8. A\m-Zn-ap-X-te-bp≈ amwk-amb ssZh-h-N-\sØ]cm-a¿in-°p-∂-Xmbn ""ssZh-hN\w'' F∂ {]tbm-K-Øns‚ ASn-ÿm-\-]-c-amb A¿∞sØ ImWp-Ibpw a\p-jy-h¿§hpw ssZhhpw XΩn-ep≈ _‘-Øn¬ a≤y-ÿ\pw a\pjyh¿§-Øns‚ GI c£-I-\p-ambn22 amwk-amb hN-\sØ I≠v hN\w {ihn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-tºmƒF√m bmYm¿∞y-Øn-s‚bpw ASnÿm\w hN-\-amWvF∂ Xncn-®-dn-hn-te°v hnip-≤-{K-Ÿ-Ønse shfn-s∏-Sp-Ø¬ \sΩ \bn-°pw. ssZh-Øns‚ hN-\-sØ-∏‰n (tem-tKm-kv) tbml-∂ms‚ kphn-ti-j-Øns‚ Bap-J-Øn¬]d-bp-∂Xv ""ka-kvXhpw Ah-\n-eqsS D≠mbn; H∂pw Ah-s\-°q-SmsX D≠m-bn-́ n√'' F∂m-Wv (tbm-l. 1:3). sImtfm- n-b¿°p≈ teJ-\-Øn¬ ""{InkvXp F√m kr„n-Iƒ°pw apºp≈ BZy PmX-\mWv'' F∂v ]d-bp∂p (sIm-tfm. 1:15). ""F√m hkvXp-°fpw Ah-\n-eq-sSbpw Ah-\p-

ssZ-h-h-N-\w


th-≠n-bp-amWv kr„n-°-s∏-´Xv'' (sIm-tfm. 1:16). sl{_m-b¿°p≈ teJ\Øns‚ I¿Ømhpw CXp-t]m-ep≈{]kvXm-h\ \S-Øp-∂p-≠v. ""ssZh-Øns‚ hN-\-Øm¬temIw kr„n-°-s∏-s´∂pw ImW-s∏-Sp-∂h ImW-s∏-Sm-Ø-h-bn¬\n-∂p-≠mbn F∂pw hnizmkwaqew \mw Adn-bp-∂p'' (sl-{_m. 11:3).

\sΩ kw_-‘n-®n-S-tØmfw Cu {]tLm-jWw kzmX-{¥y-Øns‚ hN-\-am-Wv. temI-Øn-ep≈ bmsXmcp h-kvXphpw bmZr—bm D≠m-b-X-s√∂pw ssZhw Xocp-am-\n-®Xpw Ahn-SpsØ ]≤-Xn-bpsS `mK-am-bp-≈Xpw BWvAh-sb∂pw hnip-≤-{KŸw ]d-bp-∂p. ssZh-Øns‚ ]≤-Xn-bpsS tI{μ-_n-μp-hmbn \n¬°p-∂ {InkvXp-hn¬;ssZhnI Poh-\n¬, ]¶m-fn-I-fm-Im≥ \ap°v \¬Ip∂£W-hpw AXn¬ A¥¿eo-\-amWv. "temtKm-kn-'¬ \n∂m-Wv, hN-\-Øn¬\n-∂m-Wv, {]]©w D≠m-b-Xv. AXns\\nb-{¥n-°p-∂Xpw \bn-°p-∂Xpw k¿§m-fl-Iamb {]⁄-bmWv F∂-Xns‚ AS-bmfw ambn®p If-bm-\m-Im-Ø-hn[w{]]-©-Øn¬ Ipdn-®n-́ p-≠v. kt¥mjw Xpfp-ºp∂ hm°p-I-fn¬ AN-©-e-amb Dd-t∏msS k¶o¿Ø-I≥ ]mSp-∂p.""I¿Øm-hns‚ hN-\-Øm¬ BImiw \n¿Ωn-°-s∏´pAhn-SpsØ I¬∏-\-bm¬ BIm-i-tKm-f-ßfpw'' (k-¶o.33:6). ""Ahn-Sp∂v Acp-fn-s®bvXp; temIw D≠mbn; Ahn-Sp∂v Iev]n-®p, AXv kpÿm-]n-X-ambn'' (k-¶o. 33:9). F√mhkvXp-°fpw Cu clkyw {]I-S-am-°p-∂p: ""BImiwssZh-Øns‚ alØzw {]tLm-jn-°p∂p; hm\-hn-Xm\wAhn-SpsØ Ic-th-esb hnfw-_cw sNøp∂p'' (k-¶o. 19:1).kr-„nsb \nco-£n®v {k„m-hns\ Xncn-®-dn-bm≥ hnip-≤-{K-Ÿw-Xs∂ \sΩ £Wn-°p∂p (cf. ⁄m\w 13:5; tdmam.1:19-˛20). hN-\-Ønse "kzc-ebw' (Symphony) F∂ CuBibw ]c-º-cm-KX ss{IkvX-h-Nn¥ hnI-kn-∏n-®n-́ p-≠v.DZm-l-c-W-Øn-\v, hnip≤ s_m\-sh-¥qc {Ko°v ]nXm-°-∑m-cpsS ]mc-ºcyw ]n≥Xp-S¿∂p-sIm≠v hN-\-Øn¬ (tem-

27

tKm-kv)23 kr„n-bpsS k¿-Δ km≤y-X-Ifpw Hfn-™p-In-S-∏p-s≠∂v ]d-bp-∂p. At±-lw ]d-bp-∂p, ""Hmtcmkr„nbpw ssZh-Øns‚ Hcp hN-\-amWv. Imc-Ww, AXvssZhsØ {]tLm-jn-°p∂p.''24 "ssZh-h-N\w' (DeiVerbum) F∂ {]amW-tcJ Cu XØzw DZv{K-Yn-°p-∂XvCß-s\-bm-Wv. ""Xs‚ hN-\-Øm¬ k¿Δhpw kr„n-°p-Ibpw \ne-\n¿Øp-Ibpw sNøp∂ ssZhw (cf. tbml.1:3) kr„n-°-s∏´ hkvXp-°-fn-eqsS Xs∂-∏‰n \nc-¥cwsXfnhv e`y-am-°n-s°m-≠n-cn-°p∂p.''25

a\pjys‚ kr„n

9. bYm¿∞-am-b-h-sb√mw hN-\-Øn¬\n-∂p-]n-d-∂-h-bmWv; Ah hN-\-Øns‚ kr„n-bm-Wv (Creatura Verbi).F√m bm-Ym¿∞yhpw hN-\-Øn\p tkh-\-a-\p-jvTn-°m≥hnfn-°-s∏-´n-cn-°p-∂p. ssZhhpw ssZh-Øns‚ kr„nbpwXΩn-ep≈ kvt\l-_-‘-Øns‚ Ncn{Xw apgp-h\pw hnI-kn -°p-∂Xv {]]-©-Øns‚ ]›m-Ø-e-Øn-emWv;Aßs\ a\p-jys‚ \nXy-c-£-bmWv F√m-ØnepwA¥¿eo-\-am-bn-cn-°p∂ \ymbw. c£m-I-c-N-cn-{X-Øns‚ImgvN-∏m-Sn-eqsS {]]-©-sØ t\m°n-°mWp-tºmƒ a\p-jy\p {]]-©-Øn-ep≈ A\-\yhpw khn-ti-j-hp-ambÿm\w \ap°v t_m≤y-am-Ipw: ""ssZhw Xs‚ Omb-bn¬a\p-jys\ kr„n-®p. ssZh-Øns‚ Omb-bn¬ Ahn-Sp∂vAhs\ kr„n®p; kv{Xobpw ]pcp-j-\p-ambn Ahsckr„n-®p'' (D-Xv]. 1:27). {k„m-hn¬\n∂v \ap°v e`n®Aaq-ey-amb Zm\-ßsf ]q¿Æ-ambpw Xncn-®-dn-bp-∂-Xn-\p≈Ignhv CXv \ap°v \¬Ip-∂p: \ΩpsS ico-c-Øns‚ aqeyw,bp‡n-Nn-¥-sb∂ A\p-{K-lw, kzmX-{¥yw, a\:km£nCsX√mw {k„m-hn¬\n∂v \ap°v e`n® Zm\-ß-fm-Wv.XØz-Nn -¥-bpsS ]mc-º-cy -Øn¬ ""kzm`m -hn -I-\n -baw''(natural law) F∂p ]d-bp-∂Xpw ChnsS \mw Is≠-Øp-∂p.26 ̂ e-Øn¬, ""Ah-t_m-[hpw DØ-c-hm-Zn-Ø-t_m-

ssZ-h-h-N-\w


[hpap≈ F√m a\p-jy¿°pw \∑ sNøm-\p≈ HcpDƒhnfn A\p-`-h-s∏-Sp-∂p,''27 Aßs\ Xn∑ Hgn-hm-°m-\p≈ Dƒhn-fn-bpw. kzm`m-hn-I-\n-b-a-Ønse as‰√m A\p-im-k-\-ßƒ°pw ASn-ÿm-\-am-bp-≈Xv Cu XØz-am-sW∂v hnip≤ tXmakv AIzo-\mkv ]d-bp-∂p.28 ssZh-h-N\w {ihn-°p-tºmƒ {]Y-ahpw {][m-\-hp-ambn \ap-°p-≠m-Ip∂ A\p-`hw ""a\p-jy-lr-Z-b-ß-fn¬ Fgp-X-s∏-´n-´p≈ \nbaw''(tdm-am. 2:15, 7:23)29 A\p-k-cn®v Pohn-°-Ww,AXv hne-s∏-´-Xm-sW-∂-Xt{X . At∏mƒ tbip-{InkvXpa\p-jy-h¿§-Øn\v \¬Ip-∂Xv Hcp ]pXnb \nb-a-am-Wv,kphn-ti-j-Øns‚ \nb-aw. Cu ]pXnb \nbaw kzm`m-hn-I-\n-b-asØ Dƒs°m-≈p-Ibpw DØ-a-amb coXn-bn¬AXns\ ]q¿Øo-I-cn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂p. Aßs\ ]m]-Øns‚ \nb-a-Øn¬\n∂v \sΩ kzX-{¥-cm-°p-∂p.CXns‚ ^e-am-bn, hnip≤ ]utemkv ]d-bpw-t]m-se,""\∑ C—n°m≥ F\n°v km[n°pw; F∂m¬ {]h¿Øn-°m≥ km[n-°p-∂n√'' (tdm-am. 7:18). Ir]m-h-c-Øn-eqsSssZhnI Poh-\n¬ ]¶m-fn-I-fm-Ip-∂-Xn\pw Xß-fpsSkzm¿∞-Xsb ]cm-P-b-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-Xn\pw k¿Δ a\p-jy-scbpw AXv i‡-am-°p-∂p.30

hN-\-Øns‚ bmYm¿∞y-t_m[w

10. ssZh-h-N\w Adn-bmhp∂-h¿°v kr„n-°-s∏´Hmtcm hkvXp-hn-s‚bpw s]mcpƒ ]q¿Æ-ambpw a\- n-em-Ipw. ka-kvX-h-kvXp-°fpw ""F√m-‰nepw apºp-≈-h-\n-emWvÿnXn-sN-øp-∂Xv'' (sIm-tfm. 1:17). F-¶n¬, Ahn-SpsØhN-\-Øn¬ Xß-fpsS PohnXw ]Wn-Xp-b¿Øp-∂-h¿bYm¿∞-Øn¬ i‡hpw \ne-\n¬°p-∂-Xp-amb coXn-bn-emWv AXv ]Wn-bp-∂-Xv. bmYm¿∞y-t_m[w kw_-‘n®\ΩpsS k¶ev]w am‰m≥ ssZh-h-N\w CS-bm-°p-∂p.ssZh-h-N-\-Øn¬ F√m-‰n-s‚bpw ASn-ÿm\w Xncn-®-dn-bp-∂-h-\mWv icn°pw bmYm¿∞y-t_m-[-ap-≈-h≥.31

29

\ΩpsS PohnXw ]Sp-Øp-b¿Øp-∂-Xn-\mbn \mw ]e-Xnepwhnizm-k-a¿∏n-®p. Ah-bn¬ \mw {]Xo£ A¿∏n-°p-IbpwAhsb hniz-kn-°p-hm≥ Hcp-ßp-Ibpw sNbvXp. F∂m¬Ah Aev]m-bp- p-I-fm-sW∂v hy‡-amb Hcp Ime-L-´-amWv \Ωp-tS-Xv. \ΩpsS Ime-L-́ -Øn¬ Cu bmYm¿∞y-t_m[w {]tXy-In®pw Bh-iy-am-Wv. kºØpw kpJhpwA[n-Im-chpw a\p-jy-lr-Z-b-Øns‚ Bg-Øn-ep≈ B{K-l-ßƒ \nd-th-‰n-s√∂v C∂-s√-¶n¬ \msf hy‡-am-Ipw.\ΩpsS PohnXw ]Wn-Xp-b¿Øm≥ i‡-amb ASn-ØdBh-iy-am-Wv. am\p-jn-I-amb \n›n-X-Øz-ßƒ XI-cp-tºmgpw \ne-\n¬°p∂ Hc-Sn-Ø-d. ""I¿Øm-th, Aß-bpsS hN\w kz¿§-Øn¬ Ft∂°pw kpÿm-]n-X-amWv;Ahn-SpsØ hnizm-kyX Xe-ap-d-I-tfmfw \ne-\n¬°p∂p''(k-¶o. 119:89-˛90); Cu hN-\-am-Ip∂ ASn-Ø-d-bn¬ Xs‚Pohn-X-ku[w ]Wn-bp-∂-h≥ ]md-ta-emWv AXv ]Wn-bp-∂Xv (cf. a-Øm. 7:24) ""Ahn-Sp∂v Fs‚ A -̀b-tI-{μhpw]cn-N-bp-amWv; Rm≥ Aß-bpsS hN-\-Øn¬ {]XymiA¿∏n-°p∂p'' (k-¶o. 119:114) F∂v Hmtcm Znh-khpw\ΩpsS lrZ-b-Øn\p ssZh-tØmSv ]d-bm≥ Ign-b-s´.""Kptcm, Aßv ]d-™-X-\p-k-cn®v Rm≥ he-bn-d°mw''(eq°m 5:5) F∂p ]d™ ]t{Xm-kn-s\-t∏mse \ap°pw\ΩpsS A\p-Zn\hym]m-c-ßƒ, \sΩ-Øs∂, I¿Øm-hns‚ ssII-fn¬ Gev]n-®p-sIm-Sp-°mw.

hN\-Øns‚ {InkvXphn-⁄m-\obw

11. F√m hkvXp-°fpw Znhy-h-N-\-Øn-eqsS ]cn-ip≤{XnXzØns‚ kr„n-bmsW∂v a\- n-em°n B ImgvN-∏m-SneqsS t\m°p-tºmƒ; sl{_m-b- teJ-\-I¿Øm-hns‚{]kvXm-h\ \ap°v a\- n-em-°m≥ Ign-bpw: ""]q¿Δ-Im-e-ß-fn¬ {]hm-N-I-∑m¿hgn hnhn[ L´-ß-fnepw hnhn[coXn-I-fnepw ssZhw \ΩpsS ]nXm-°-∑m-tcmSv kwkm-cn-®n-´p-≠v. F∂m¬, Cu Ah-km-\-\m-fp-I-fn¬ Xs‚

ssZ-h-h-N-\w


]p{X≥hgn Ahn-Sp∂v \tΩmSv kwkm-cn-®n-cn-°p-∂p.Ahs\ Ahn-Sp∂v kI-e-Øn-s‚bpw Ah-Im-in-bmbn \nb-an-°p-Ibpw Ah≥ aptJ\ {]]-©sØ kr„n-°p-IbpwsNbvXp'' (sl-{_m. 1:1˛2). ]g-b-\n-baw apgp-h\pw ssZhwXs‚ hN\w \sΩ Adn-bn-°p-∂-Xns‚ Ncn-{X-ambnFßs\ ImW-s∏-Sp∂p F∂Xv hfsc B-I¿j-Wo-b-am-bn-cn-°p-∂p. ""A{_-lmapambpw (cf. D¬]. 15:18) tami-bn-eqsS C{km-tb¬P\-hp-ambpw (cf. ]pd.24:8) DS-ºSn D≠m-°n ssZhw X\n-°mbn Hcp P\-Xsb t\Sn. Ah¿°vhm°p-I-fn-eq-sSbpw {]hr-Øn-I-fn-eq-sSbpw Xm≥ Pohn-°p∂ kXy-ssZ-h-amsW∂v Ahn-Sp∂v shfn-s∏-Sp-Øn.ssZhw a\p-jy-cp-ambn Fßs\ CS-s]-Sp∂p F∂v C{km-tb¬ A\p-̀ -h-Øn-eqsS Adn-bWw F∂m-bn-cp∂p ssZhw\n›-bn-®n-cp-∂-Xv. {]hm-N-I-∑m-cn-eqsS ssZhw kwkm-cn-°p-∂Xv Ah¿ {i≤n-®p-tIƒ°-Ww. Aßs\ {ItaWssZh-Øns‚ hgn-Iƒ Ah¿ IqSp-X¬ kºq¿Æ-ambpwhy‡-ambpw a\- n-em-°p-Ibpw Ah P\-X-I-fpsS CS-bn¬ IqSp-X¬ hnim-e-am-b-tXm-Xn¬ Adn-b-s∏-Sm≥ CS-bm-°p-Ibpw sNø-W-sa-∂m-bn-cp-∂p ssZh-Øns‚ ]≤Xn(cf. k-¶o. 21:28-˛29; 95:1˛3; Gi. 2:1˛4; sPd. 3:17).32

Xs‚ aln-a-sh-Sn-™p-t]mepw ssZhw a\p-jy-tcmSvImWn-°p∂ Cu Zm£nWyw G‰-hp-a-[nIw {]I-S-am-Ip-∂Xv hN-\-Øns‚ a\p-jym-h-Xm-c-Øn-em-Wv. A\m-Zn-ImewapXte D≈ hN-\w, {]]-©-kr-„n-bnepw c£m-I-c-{]-hr-Øn-bpsS Ncn-{X-Ønepw {]I-S-am-°n-bn-´p≈ hN-\w,{InkvXp-hn¬ a\p-jy-\mbn ""kv{Xobn¬\n∂v PmX-\mbn''(K-em. 4:4). {]kw-K-Ønepw Bi-b-ß-fnepw N´-ß-fn-epw-Iq-Sn-b√ ChnsS hN\w {][m-\-ambpw {]Xy-£-am-Ip-∂-Xv. ChnsS tbip F∂ hy‡n-bpsS apºn¬ \mw \n¬°p-∂p. Ahn-SpsØ A\-\yhpw khn-ti-j-hp-amb Ncn-{X-amWv ssZhw a\p-jy-h¿§-tØmSv kwkm-cn-°p∂ Ah-km-\sØ hm°v. ""ss{IkvX-h-\m-bn-cn-°p-I-sb-∂Xv kZm-

31

Nmcw kw_-‘n® Hcp Xocp-am-\-sØ-b-√, Hcp D∂X Bi-b-sØ-b-√, B{i-bn-®n-cn-°p-∂Xv; Hcp kw`-hhpw Hcphy‡n-bp-am-bp≈ I≠p-ap-éns‚ ê-amWv AXv. Pohn-X-Øn\v Hcp ]pXnb N{I-hm-fhpw ]pXnb Znim-t_m-[hpw\¬Ip-∂-XmWv Cu I≠p-ap-´¬.''33 Cu I≠p-ap-´¬ \nc-¥cw \ho-I-cn-°p-∂Xpw Cu Ah-t_m[w ]pXp-°p-∂XpwssZhw ap≥ssI-sb-SpØv {]h¿Øn-°p-∂Xpw I≠v hnizm-kn-Iƒ AXy-[nIw A¤p-X-s∏-Sm≥ Imc-W-am-Ip-∂p. a\p-jy¿°v bp‡n-Nn-¥-sIm≠pw `mh-\-sIm≠pw Hcn-°epwkz]v\w ImWm≥t]mepw BIp-am-bn-cp-∂n-√ ssZh-Øns‚Cu kua-\-kyw. Iogvhg-°-an-√m-ØXpw am\p-jn-I-ambn]d-™m¬ k¶-ev]n-°m≥ BIm-ØXpamb Hcp khn-tij kw`-h-sØ-∏-‰n-bmWv \mw ChnsS ]d-bp-∂-Xv.""hN\w amwk-ambn \ΩpsS CS-bn¬ hkn®p'' (tbm-l.1:14a). CXv Be-¶m-cn-I-`m-j-bn-ep≈ cN-\-b√; A\p-`-hn-®-dn™ Hcp bmYm¿∞yw Ipdn-°p∂ hm°p-I-fmWv Ch.ZrIvkm-£n-bmb tbml-∂m≥ ]d-bp∂p: ""Ahs‚alØzw Rßƒ Z¿in®p, Ir]bpw kXyhpw \nd-™Xpw]nXm-hns‚ GI PmX-t‚-Xp-amb alØzw'' (tbm-l. 1:14b).A\m-Zn-ap-X-te-bp≈ hN\w \sΩ-t∏mse Hcp a\p-jy-\mbn F∂mWv At∏m-kvX-enI hnizmkw km-£y-s∏SpØp-∂-Xv. ssZh-h-N\w bYm¿∞-Øn¬ am\p-jn-I-amb hm°p-I-fn¬ Bhn-jvI-cn-°-s∏-Sp-∂p.

12. k`m-]n-Xm-°-∑m-cp-sSbpw a≤y-a-bp-K-ß-fp-sSbpw]mc-º-cy-Øn¬ ""hN-\-Øns‚ {InkvXp hn⁄m-\obw''kw_-‘n®v \sΩ Nn¥n-∏n-°p∂ Hcp {]tbm-K-ap≠v —"hN\w kw{K-ln-°-s∏-́ p.'34 ]g-b-\n-b-a-Øns‚ Cu {Ko°v]cn-`m-j-bn¬ Gi-øm-{]-hm-N-Is‚ ]pkvX-I-Øn¬ k`m-]n-Xm-°-∑m¿ CXn\v kam-\-amb Hcp hmIyw Is≠-Øn.]g-b-\n-b-a-Øn¬Xs∂ ssZh-Øns‚ ]pXnb hgnIƒap≥Iqń Adn-bn-®n-́ p-s≠-∂-Xn\v sXfn-hm-bn-́ v. ]utemkvAt∏m-kvX-e\pw CXv D≤-cn-°p-∂p-≠v. ""ssZhw Xs‚

ssZ-h-h-N-\w


hN\w sNdp-Xm-°n, {lkz-am°n'' (G-i. 10:23; tdmam. 9:28).]p{X≥X-s∂-bmWv hN\w; A\m-Zn-Im-ew-ap-Xte D≠m-bn-cp∂ hN-\w, temtKmkv, sNdpXmbn; Hcp ]p¬°q-´n¬InS-°m-\m-Ipw-hn[w sNdp-Xm-bn Ahn-Sp∂v Hcp inip-hmbn.\mw hN-\sØ a\- n-em-°p-∂-Xn-\m-bn-´mWv Ahn-Sp∂vC{]-Imcw sNbvX-Xv35 Ct∏mƒ hN\w {ihn-°-s∏-Sm≥am{X-a√ Ign-bp-I. AXn\v Hcp 'kzcw' am{X-a√ D≈-Xv.Ct∏mƒ hN-\-Øn\p Hcp "apJw' D≠m-bn. \ap°v ImWm-hp∂ Hcp apJw; \{kmb-\mb tbip-hns‚ apJw.36

kphn-ti-j-Ønse hnh-c-W-ßƒ hmbn-°p-tºmƒtbip-hns‚ a\p-jyXzw A\-\y-amb AXns‚ F√m khn-ti-j-X-I-tfm-Spw-IqSn ImW-s∏-Sp-∂Xv ssZh-h-N-\-hp-am-bp≈ _‘-Øn-em-Wv F∂v \ap°v a\- n-em-°m≥Ignbpw. kºq¿Æ-amb Ahn-SpsØ a\p-jy-Xz-Øn¬\n-∂p-sIm≠v Ahn-Sp∂v Ft∏mgpw ]nXm-hns‚ Xncp-a-\ v\nd-th-‰p∂p; tbip ]nXm-hns‚ kzcw tIƒ°p-Ibpw AXvXs‚ AkvXn-Xz-Øns‚ ]q¿Æ-X-bn¬ A\p-k-cn-°p-IbpwsNøp-∂p. tbip-hn\v ]nXm-hns\ Adn-bmw. tbip ]nXm-hns‚ hm°v A\p-kcn°p-Ibpw sNøp∂p (cf. tbm-l.8:55). ]nXmhv Xt∂mSv ]d-™n-´p≈ Imcy-ßƒ tbip\sΩ Adn-bn-°p∂p (cf. tbm-l. 12:50); ""Aßv F\n°v\¬Inb hN\w Rm≥ Ah¿°v \¬In'' (tbml. 17:8).Aßs\ \ap°v \¬I-s∏-´n -cn -°p∂ Znhy-h-N-\w,temtKmkv Xm\m-sW∂v tbip hy‡-am-°p-∂p. AtX-k-a-bw-X-s∂, ]pXnb BZw Bb tbip, bYm¿∞ a\p-jy≥; Xs‚ C„m-\p-k-c-W-a√ {]h¿Øn-°pI; Ft∏mgpw]nXm-hns‚ C„-amWv tbip \nd-th-‰p-∂-Xv. ""tbip⁄m\-Ønepw {]mb-Ønepw ssZh-Øn-s‚bpw a\p-jy-cp-sSbpw {]oXn-bnepw hf¿∂p-h∂p'' (eq-°m. 2:52).XnI®pw ka-{K-amb coXn-bn¬ tbip ssZh-h-N\w {ihn-°p-Ibpw AXns‚ aq¿Øo-`m-h-am-bn-Øo-cp-Ibpw AXv\sΩ Adn-bn-°p-Ibpw sNøp∂p (cf. eq°m 5:1)

33

tbip-hns‚ ZuXyw BXy-¥n-I-ambn \nd-th-‰-s∏-Sp-∂Xvs]k-lm-c-l-ky-Øn-em-Wv. ChnsS \mw ""Ipcn-ins‚ hN-\''-Øn\v ap≥]n-em-Wv \n¬°p-∂Xv (1 tImdn. 1:18). hN\w\n»-_vZ-am-Wv, aqI-am-Wv. amc-I-amb \ni-_vZ-X. Imc-Ww,]d-bm-\p-≈-sX√mw AXv ]d-™p-I-gn™p \tΩmSv ]d-bm-\p≈ bmsXm∂pw ]d-bm-Xn-cp-∂n-√. Cu Znhy-c-l-ky-sØ-∏‰n [ym\n® k`m-]n-Xm-°-∑m¿ ssZh-Øns‚ amXm-hn-t‚-Xmbn Hcp hmIyw Is≠Øn, lrZ-b-kv]¿in-bmbHcp hmIyw. ""]nXm-hns‚ hN-\-Øn\v hm°p-I-fn-√. kwkm-cn-°p∂ F√m Pohn-I-fp-sSbpw {k„m-hn\v hm°p-I-fn-√.BcpsS hm°-\p-k-cn-®v, BcpsS \n¿t±iw A\p-k-cn-®v,F√m Poh-Pm-e-ßfpw Nen-°p-∂pthm B {k„m-hns‚IÆp-Iƒ \n¿÷o-h-am-Wv.''37 Xs‚ kvt\ln-X-∑m¿°p-th≠n kz¥w Poh≥ _en-sIm-Sp-°p∂ B kvt\lw(cf. tbml. 15:13) ""henb'' B kvt\lw, Ahn-Sp∂vbYm¿∞-Øn¬ \ap°v ]¶p-h-bv°p-∂p.

Cu alm-c-l-ky-Øn¬ \qX-\hpw Fs∂∂pw \ne-\n¬°p-∂-Xp-amb DS-º-Sn-bpsS hN-\-ambn tbip shfn-s∏-Sp-Ø-s∏-Sp∂p: ssZh-Øns‚ kzmX-{¥yhpw a\p-jys‚kzmX-{¥yhpw {Iqin-X-\mb Ahn-SpsØ amwk-Øn¬]q¿Æ-ambpw ebn-®p-tN¿∂p. Ahn-`m-Pyhpw A\-¥-Im-e-tØ°v km[phpw Bb Hcp DS-º-Sn. tbip Xs∂ Ah-km-\sØ AØm-g-Øn¬ Znhy-Im-cpWyw F∂ IqZmiÿm]n-®p-sIm≠v Xs‚ c‡-Øn-ep≈ ""]pXn-bXpw k\m-X-\-hp-amb'' DS-º-Sn-sb-∏‰n ]d-bp-∂p≠v (cf. a-Øm. 26-˛28,a¿t°m. 14:24, eq°m 22-̨ 20). ASn-a-Ø-Øn¬\n∂pw \sΩF∂-t∂°pw tamNn-∏n-°p∂ _en-°p≈ bYm¿∞ Ip-™mSv Xm≥X-s∂-bm-sW∂v tbip hy‡-am-°p-∂p.38

]p\-cp-∞m\w F∂ G‰w {]Im-i-am-\-amb Znhy-c-l-ky-Øn¬ hN-\-Øns‚ Cu \ni-_vZX AXns‚ B[n-Im-cn-Ihpw \n¿Æm-b-I-hp-amb A¿∞-Øn¬ {]I-S-am-°p-∂p-≠v. {InkvXp a\p-jy-\mbn Ah-X-cn®v Ipcn-in¬ acn®v

ssZ-h-h-N-\w


Db¿sØ-gp-t∂‰ ssZh-h-N-\-am-Wv. Ahn-Sp∂v F√m-‰n-t‚bpw I¿Øm-hm-Wv (Pantocrator) Ahn-Sp∂v tPXm-hm-Wv.AXp-sIm≠v F√m hkvXp-°fpw F∂-t∂-°p-ambn{InkvXp-hn¬ H∂n-∏n-°-s∏-Sp∂p (cf. G-t^. 1:10). {InkvXp""temI-Øns‚ {]Im-i-am-Ip-∂p. Ccp-´n¬ sXfn-bp∂shfn®w. Cu {]Im-isØ Ccp-́ n\v Iog-S-°m-\m-hn√'' (tbm-l. 8:12, 1:5). 119-˛mw k¶o¿Ø\Ønse hm°p-I-fpsSA¿∞w ]q¿Æ-ambpw {Kln-°m≥ \ap°v Ign-bp-∂Xv Cukml-N-cy-Øn-em-Wv. ""Aß-bpsS hN\w Fs‚ ]mZ-Øn\vhnf-°pw, ]mX-bn¬ {]Im-i-hp-amWv (119:105). Aßs\Dbn¿sØ-gp-t∂‰ hN-\-amWv \ap°v hgn sXfn-°p∂\n¿Æm-b-I-amb hnf-°v. {InkvXp-hn¬ ssZh-Øns‚hN\w Hcp hy‡n F∂ \ne-bn¬ k∂n-ln-X-am-sW∂vBZyw apX¬t° ss{IkvX-h¿ a\- n-em-°n-bn-cp-∂p. a\p-jy¿°v, kv{XoIƒ°pw ]pcp-j-∑m¿°pw th≠ bYm¿∞shfn-®-amWv ssZh-h-N\w. ]p\-cp-∞m-\-Øn¬ temI-Øns‚ bYm¿∞ shfn-®-ambn ssZh-]p-{X≥ {]Xy-£-s∏-Sp-∂p. Ahn-Sp-tØm-sSm∏w Pohn-°p-I-h-gn, Ahn-Sp∂n¬Pohn-°p-I-h-gn, \ap°v {]Im-i-Øn¬ Pohn-°m≥ Ign-bp-∂p.

13. ""hN-\-Øns‚ {InkvXp-hn-⁄m-\o-b-Øn¬,''AXns‚ D≈ns‚ D≈n¬, a\p-jym-h-Xmcw sNbvX hN-\-Øn¬, AS-ßn-bn-cn-°p∂ ssZhnI ]≤-Xn-bpsS sFI-cq]yw FSp-Øp-]-d-tb-≠-Xp-≠v. s]k-lm-c-lkyw hnip-≤-{K-Ÿ-Øn¬ ]d-™n-cn-°p-∂-Xn\v A\p-kr-X-amWvF∂pw A-Xns‚ ]q¿Øo-I-c-W-am-sW∂pw ]pXn-b-\n-bawFSp-Øp-Im-´p-∂p. hnip≤ ]utemkv sImdo¥n-b-°m¿-°p≈ H∂mwteJ-\-Øn¬ ]d-bp-∂Xv tbip-{InkvXp""hnip≤enJn-X-ß-fn¬ ]d-™n-´p-≈-Xp-t]m-se,'' \ΩpsS]m]-ßƒ°p-th≠n acn-°p-Ibpw (15:3) kwkvI-cn-°-s∏-Sp-Ibpw aq∂mw\mƒ Dbn¿∏n-°-s∏-Sp-Ibpw sNbvXp''F∂t{X (15:4).

35

Aßs\ At∏m-kvX-e≥ I¿Øm-hns‚ ac-WhpwDbn¿sØ-gp-t∂¬∏pw Xs‚ P\-hp-ambn ssZhw D≠m-°nb ]gb DS-º-Sn-bpsS Ncn-{X-hp-ambn _‘-s∏´ kw`-h-am-bn-°m-Wp-∂p. B kw -̀h-Øn¬\n-∂mWv Ncn-{X-Øn\vAXns‚ B¥-cn-I-amb bp‡n-`-{Z-Xbpw bYm¿∞A¿∞hpw e`n-°p-∂Xv F∂pw At∏m-kvX-e≥ FSp-Øp-Im-́ p-∂p. s]k-lm-c-l-ky-Øn¬ ""hnip≤enJn-X-ß-fnsehm°p-Iƒ'' ]q¿Øo-I-cn-°-s∏-´p. thsdmcp coXn-bn¬ ]d-™m¬, hnip-≤-en-Jn-X-ß-f-\p-k-cn®v D≠mb Cu acWwssZh-h-N-\sØ Dƒs°m-≈p∂ Hcp kw`-h-am-Wv.AXns‚ B¥-cnI bp‡n AXmWv, ssZh-h-N\w ]q¿Æ-ambpw ""amwk-ambn'' a\p-jys‚ ""Ncn-{X''-am-bn, F∂-Xn\v.{InkvXp-hns‚ acWw km£yw-h-ln-°p-∂p.39 AXp-t]m-se-X-s∂, ""hnip≤ enJn-X-ß-f-\p-k-cn®v'' aq∂mw Znh-k-amWv tbip-hns‚ ]p\-cp-∞m\w \S-∂-Xv. blq-Z-cpsShnizm-k-a-\p-k-cn®v aq∂mw Znh-k-Øn-\p-ti-j-ta, icocwPo¿Æn®p XpS-ßp-I-bp-≈q. Aßs\ Agn-™p-t]mIm-sX-bmWv enJn-X-ß-fnse hm°v ]q¿Øo-I-cn-®p-sIm≠v tbipDbn¿sØ-gp-t∂-‰-Xv. ssZh-h-N-\-Øns‚ k¿§-i-‡n-h-gn-bmWv {InkvXp ac-W-Øn-s‚-ta¬ hnP-bw-h-cn-®-Xv F∂At∏m-kvX-e-∑m-cpsS {]t_m-[\w hnip≤ ]utemkvhniz-kvX-X-tbmsS ]I¿∂p-sIm-Sp-°p-∂p (cf. 1 sImdn. 15:3).Cu ssZhnIi‡n {]Xym-ibpw B\-μhpw \¬Ip∂H∂m-Wv. Npcp-°n-∏-d-™m¬, s]klm kw_-‘n® shfn-]m-Snse tamN-\-Øns‚ LSIw CXm-Wv. Dbn¿∏p-Xn-cp-\mƒZnhkw ssZhw kzbw shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂p. Xn∑-bp-sSbpwac-W-Øn-s‚bpw hn\m-i-I-c-amb i‡n-Isf {XnssXzIssZh-Øns‚ kvt\l-Øns‚ i‡n XI¿°p∂p; On∂-`n-∂-am-°p-∂p.

\ΩpsS hnizm-k-Øns‚ ASn-ÿm-\-]-c-amb Cu LS-I-ßsf A\p-kva-cn -°p-tºmƒ kr„nbpw ]pXnbkr„nbpw, c£m-I-c Ncn-{Xhpw {InkvXp-hn¬ Bg-ta-dnb

ssZ-h-h-N-\w


sFIyw t\Sn-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xmbn \ap°v ImWm≥ Ign-bpw.DZm-l-c-W-Øn-\v, \ap°v {]]-©sØ Hcp ""]pkvX-I-tØmSv'' D]-an-°m≥ Ign-bpw. Keo-en-tbm-Xs∂ D]-tbm-Kn® Hcp DZm-l-c-W-amWv CXv. ""kr„nI¿Ωw F∂ "kzc-e-b-Øn-eq-sS', knw -̂Wn-bn-eq-sS, kzbw Bhn-jvI-cn-°p∂Hcp {KŸ-Im-c≥ cNn® Hcp ]pkvX-I-ambn {]]-©sØt\m°n-°m-Wp-I. Cu knw^-Wn-bn¬ Hcp {]tXyI L´-Øn-se-Øp-tºmƒ kwKo-X-Øns‚ `mj-bn¬ "tkmtfm'F∂p ]d-bp∂ Hcp Zim-k‘n ImW-s∏-Spw. Hcp kwKo-tXm-]-I-cWw AYhm Hcp Kmb-I≥ X\ntb ssIImcywsNtø≠ Hcp `mKw. IrXn apgp-h-s‚bpw A¿∞w Cu"tkmtfm'sb B{i-bn-®m-Wn-cn-°p-∂-Xv. A{X {]m[m-\y-ap-≈-XmWv Cu `mKw. tbip-hmWv Cu "tkmtfm....' a\p-jy-]p-{X≥ kz¿§-sØbpw `qan-sbbpw X∂n¬ Dƒs°m-≈p∂p; kr„-{]-]-©-sØbpw {k„m-hn-s\-bpw, amwk-sØbpw Acq-]n-sb-bpw, X∂n¬Øs∂ Dƒs°m-≈p-∂p.{]]-©-Øn-s‚bpw Ncn-{X-Øn-s‚bpw tI{μ-_nμp Ahn-Sp-∂m-Wv. Imc-Ww, cN-bn-Xmhpw cN-\bpw bmsXmcpkw{`m-¥n-bp-an-√msX tbip-hn¬ kwtbm-Pn-°p-∂p.''40

ssZh-h-N-\-Øns‚ bpKm-t¥ym-∑p-J-amb am\w

14. tbip-{In-kvXp-hn-t\m-sSm∏w ssZh-Øns‚ \n¿Æm-b-I-amb hN-\-Øns‚ apºn-emWv Xm≥ \n¬°p-∂XvF∂ Ah-t_m[w Xncp-k` CXn-se√mw {]I-S-am-°p-∂p-≠v. Ahn-Sp-∂mWv ""BZnbpw A¥yhpw'' (sh-fn. 1:17). {]]-©-Øn\pw Ncn-{X-Øn\pw BXy-¥n-I-amb A¿∞w \¬Ip-∂Xv Ahn-Sp-∂m-Wv. AXp-sIm≠v ssZh-h-N-\-Øns‚bpKm¥y-hp-ambn _‘-s∏´ Xmf-Øn-s\m∏w Ime-ØnepwssZh-Øns‚ kr„-{]-]-©-Ønepw Pohn-°p-hm≥ \mwhnfn-°-s∏-́ n-cn-°p-∂p. ""Aßs\ ss{IkvXh kwhn-[m\wHcn-°epw C√m-Xm-In-√. Imc-Ww, \ho-\hpw \n¿Æm-b-I-hp-amb DS-º-Sn-bmWv AXv. \ΩpsS I¿Øm-hmb tbip-

37

{InkvXp al-Øz-Øn¬ {]Xy-£-s∏-Spw-hsc ]pXp-XmbnHcp s]mXp shfn-]mSpw D≠m-In√'' (cf. Xn-tam. 6:14;XoØqkv 2:13).41 kn\Un¬ ]nXm-°-∑m¿ ]d-™-Xp-t]m-se, ""-{InkvXpkw`-h-Øn-emWv ss{IkvXh aX-Øns‚A\-\yX {]I-S-am-Ip-∂-Xv. shfn-]m-Sp-I-fpsS D®-tIm-SnbpwssZh-Øns‚ hmKvZm-\-ß-fpsS ]q¿Øo-I-c-Whpw BWvtbip-{In-kvXp. a\p-jy\pw ssZh-Øn\pw CSbv°v \n¬°p-∂ a≤y-ÿ-\mWv {InkvXp. "ssZhsØ temI-Øn\pshfn-s∏-Sp-Øn-s°m-Sp-ØXv' tbip-hmWv (tbm-l. 1:18); a\p-jy-h¿§-Øn\p \¬I-s∏´ \n¿Æm-b-I-am-b, BXy-¥n-I-am-b, hN-\-amWv Ahn-Sp-∂v.42 Ipcn-ins‚ hnip≤ tbml-∂m≥ Cu kXyw AXn-a-t\m-l-c-ambn C{]-Imcw Bhn-jvI-cn-°p-∂p: ""ssZhw \ap°v Xs‚ ]p{Xs\ \¬In.ssZh-Øns‚ GI hN-\-amWv ]p{X≥ (ssZ-h-Øn\p thsdhN-\-an-√). Aßs\ ssZh-Øn\v ]d-bm-\p-≈-sX√mw CuH‰-h-N-\-Øn¬ HXp-°n. IqSp-X-embn ssZh-Øn\v H∂pw]d-bm-\n-√. Imc-Ww, ap≥]v {]hm-N-I-∑m¿hgn ̀ mKn-I-ambnNne Imcy-ßƒ ]d-™p. F∂m¬ Ct∏mƒ k¿Δhpw H∂n-®p-]-d-™n-cn-°p-∂p. Xs‚ ]p{Xs\ \ap°v \¬Ip-I-hgnssZhw sNbvXXv AXm-Wv. Bsc-¶nepw ssZhsØtNmZyw sNbvXm¬, X\n°v Z¿i-\hpw shfn-]mSpw e`n-°-W-sa∂v B{K-ln-®m¬, Abm-fpsS s]cp-am‰w aT-b-Ø-c-am-bn-cn-°m-sa∂p am{X-a√ AXv ssZh-Øns‚ apºn¬Ip‰-I-c-hp-am-bn-cn-°pw ImcWw {InkvXp-hn¬am{Xw apgp-h≥ {i≤bpw tI{μo-I-cn-°p-∂-Xn-\p-]-Icw thsd Fs¥-¶nepw ]pXpa ImW-W-sa∂ B{K-l-tØmsS Pohn-°p-I-bmWv Ah¿ sNøp-∂Xv.43''

C°m-c-W-Øm¬ ""kzImcy shfn-]m-Sp-I-fn¬\n∂vssZh-h-N-\sØ Xncn-®-dn-bm≥ hnizm-kn-Isf klm-bn-t°-≠-Xns‚ Bh-iy-IX''44 kn\Uv Nq≠n-°m-´n.""{InkvXp-hns‚ \n¿Æm-bI shfn-s∏-Sp-Ø-ens\ ]q¿Øo-I-cn-°p-I-b√ kzImcy shfn-]m-Sp-I-fpsS e£yw; Ncn-{X-

ssZ-h-h-N-\w


Øns‚ Hcp {]tXyI Ime-L-́ -Øn¬ {InkvXp-hns‚ shfn-]m-S-\p-k-cn®v IqSp-X¬ kPo-h-ambn Pohn-°m≥ klm-bn-°p-I-bmWv AXv sNøp-∂-Xv.''45 F√m-h¿°p-am-bp≈s]mXpshfn-]mSv Ht∂-bp-≈q. AXn-t‚-Xn¬\n∂v ASn-ÿm-\-]-c-ambn hyXy-kvX-amWv kzImcy shfn]m-Sp-I-fpsSaqeyw. s]mXp-sh-fn-]mSv hnizmkw Bh-iy-s∏-Sp-∂p≠v;s]mXp-sh-fn-]m-Sn-eqsS am\p-jnI `mj-bn¬ \tΩmSvkwkm-cn-°p-∂-Xv ssZhw-X-s∂-bmWv. k -̀bm-Ip∂ kPohkaq-l-Øn-emWv CXv \S-°p-∂-Xv. Hcp kzImcy shfn-]mSv kXy-am-tWm-sb∂v Xncn-®-dn-bm-\p≈ am\-ZWvUwAXv {InkvXp-hn-te-°mtWm hnc¬Nq-≠p-∂-Xv, \bn-°p-∂-Xv, F∂-Xm-Wv. AXv \sΩ {InkvXp-hn¬\n∂v AI-‰p-I-bm-Wv, thsdmcp Zni-bn-te°v \bn-°p-I-bm-Wv sNøp-∂-sX-¶n¬ AXv ]cn-ip-≤m-cq-]n-bn¬\n-∂p-h-cp∂X√. ]cn-ip-≤m-cq]n \sΩ kphn-ti-j-Øn-te°v IqSp-X¬ Bg-Øn¬ \bn-°p-Itb D≈q. Hcn-°epw kphn-ti-j-Øn-t‚-Xn¬\n∂v hyXy-kvX-amb Zni-bn-te°v \bn-°p-I-bn-√.kzImcy shfn-]mSv {InkvXp-hn-ep≈ hnizm-k-Øn\v klm-b-I-am-I-Ww. GIhpw s]mXp-hm-b-Xp-amb shfn-]m-Sn-te°v\bn-°p-∂p, AXp-ambn A\p-cq-]-s∏-´n-cn-°p-∂p, F∂-XmWv kzImcy shfn-]m-Sn\v hnizm-kyX \¬Ip-∂-Xv. k`m-X-e-Øn¬ Hcp kzImcy shfn-]m-Sn\v AwKo-Imcw \¬Ip-I-sb∂p ]d-™m¬ hnizm-k-Øn\pw k∑m¿§ \nb-a-ßƒ°pw hncp-≤-ambn H∂pw B shfn-]m-Sns‚ ktμ-i-Øn¬ AS-ßn-bn-́ n-s√∂v AwKo-I-cn-°p∂p F∂m-W¿∞w;AXv ]c-ky-s∏-Sp-ØpI A\p-h-Z-\o-b-amWv; hnth-I-]q¿ΔwAXv ]n≥Xp-S-cm≥ hnizm-kn-Iƒ°v A\p-hm-Z-ap-≠v. HcpkzImcy shfn-]m-Sn\v Nne Imcy-ßƒ°v IqSp-X¬ Du∂¬sImSp-°m≥ Ignbpw; ]pXnb `‡m`ymk-ßƒ Bcw-`n°mw; ]gb `‡m`ymk-ßƒ°v IqSp-X¬ Bg-ap-≠m-°mw. Hcp-Xcw {]hm-NIZuXyhpw AXn-\p-≠mbn F∂p-hcmw (1 sX . 5:19-˛21). Hcp {]tXyI Ime-L-´-Øn¬

39

kphn-tijw IqSp-X¬ sa®-s∏´ coXn-bn¬ {Kln-°p-∂-Xn\pw AX-\p-k-cn®v Pohn-°p-∂-Xn\pw kzImcy shfn-]m-Sp-Iƒ klm-b-I-am-tb°mw. AXp-sIm≠v kzImcyshfn-]m-Sns\ \n m-c-ambn X≈n-°-f-b-cp-Xv. AXvhmKvZm\w sNø-s∏´ Hcp klm-b-am-Wv. F∂m¬ AXv{]tbm-P-\-s∏-Sp-Øm≥ B¿°pw _m≤y-X-bn-√. GXm-bmepw AXv hnizm-k-sØbpw {]Xym-i-sbbpw kvt\l-sØbpw ]cn-t]m-jn-∏n-°p-∂-Xm-bn-cn-°-Ww. Ch aq∂p-amWt√m F√m-h¿°pw \nXy-c-£-bv°p≈ am¿§w.46

ssZh-h-N-\hpw ]cn-ip-≤m-cq-]nbpw

15. ssZhØns‚ temI-tØmSp≈ A¥n-ahpw \n¿Æm-b-I-hp-amb hN-\sØ∏‰n hnNn-¥\w \S-Øn-b-tijwssZh-h-N-\-hp-ambn _‘-s∏´ ]cn-ip-≤m-cq-]n-bpsS ZuXy-sØ-∏‰n Ct∏mƒ ]d-tb-≠n-bn-cn-°p-∂p. ]mct¢Øm-bpsS{]h¿Ø-\-Øn¬\n∂v th¿s]´v ss{IkvXh shfn-]m-Sn-s\-∏‰n B[n-Im-cn-I-amb Hc-dnhpw D≠m-IpI km≤y-a-√.ImcWw; ssZh-Øns‚ kzbw shfn-s∏-SpØ¬ Ft∏mgpw]p{X\pw ]cn-ip-≤m-cq-]nbpambp≈ _‘-hp-ambn CS-I-e¿∂-Xm-Wv. entbm¨knse Cd-tWhqkv ]p{X-s\bpw]cn-ip-≤m-cq-]n-sbbpw hnti-jn-∏n-°p-∂Xv ""]nXm-hns‚Ccp-I-c-ßƒ'' F∂m-Wv.47 c£m-I-c-N-cn-{X-Øn¬ {]tXy-In®pw tbip-hns‚ Pohn-X-Øn¬ ]cn-ip-≤m-cq-]n-bpsSkm∂n-≤y-sØ∏‰n hnip-≤-en-Jn-X-ßƒ Xs∂ ]d-bp-∂p.]cn-ip-≤m-cq-]n-bpsS i‡n-bm-emWv I\y-Im-a-dnbw tbip-hns\ K¿`w [cn-®Xv (cf. a-Øm. 1:18; eq°m 1:35); Xs‚]c-ky-Po-hn-X-Øns‚ XpS-°-Øn¬, tPm¿±m≥ \Zo-X-S-Øn¬, {]mhns‚ cq]-Øn¬ ]cn-ip-≤m-cq]n Xs‚ ta¬Cd-ßn-h-∂Xv tbip I≠p (cf. a-Øm. 3:16); tbip kwkm-cn-°p-∂Xpw {]h¿Øn-°p-∂Xpw kt¥m-jn-°p-∂XpwCtX Acq-]n-bn¬ Xs∂-bmWv (cf. eq°m 10:21); CtXAcq-]n-bn¬ Ahn-Sp∂v kzbw _en-bmbn A¿∏n-°pIbpw

ssZ-h-h-N-\w


sNøp∂p (sl-{_m. 9:14). hnip≤ tbml-∂m≥ ]d-bp-∂-X-\p-k-cn-®v, Xs‚ ZuXyw Ah-km-\n-°m-dm-b-t∏mƒ tbip-Xs∂ Xs‚ Poh-Xym-Khpw Acq-]nsb Ab-bv°p-∂Xpw]c-kv]cw _‘-s∏-́ n-cn-°p∂p F∂v hy‡-am-°p-∂p. X\n-°p≈h-cpsSta¬ ]cn-ip-≤m-cq-]nsb Ab-°pw F∂v Ahn-Sp∂p ]d-™p (cf. tbm-l. 16:7). ]p\-cp-∞m\w sNbvXtbip Xs‚ ico-c-Øn¬ ]oUm-\p-̀ -h-Øns‚ Nn”ßƒhln-®p-sIm≠v Fßpw Acq-]nsb kar-≤-ambn h¿jn-°p-∂p (cf. tbml.20.22). Aßs\ Xs‚ injy-∑msc Xs‚-ZuXy-Øn¬ ]¶m-fn-I-fm-°p∂p (cf. tbm-l. 20:21).injy∑msc-sb√mw ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂Xpw {InkvXp ]d-™-sX√mw Ahsc Hm¿Ωn-∏n-°p-∂Xpw ]cn-ip-≤m-cq-]n-bmWv(cf. tbm-l. 14:26). kXy-Øns‚ Acq-]n-bmWv ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hv. injy-∑msc F√m kXy-ß-fn-te°pw \bn-°p-∂XvCu Acq-]n-bmWv (tbm-l. 16:13). Ah-km-\w, s]¥-t°m-kvXm-Zn-hkw adn-b-tØm-sSm∏w {]m¿∞n-®p-sIm-≠n-cp∂At∏m-kvX-e-∑m-cp-sS-ta¬ Acq]n Cd-ßn-h∂p F∂v \mwAt∏m-kvX-e-∑m-cpsS {]h¿Ø-\-ß-fn¬ hmbn-°p∂p (cf.2:1˛4). F√m P\-X-I-tfmSpw kphn-tijw {]kw-Kn-°p-I-sb∂ ZuXyw Gs‰-Sp-°m≥ At∏m-kvX-e-∑m¿°v t{]c-I-am-Ip-∂Xpw Cu Acq-]n-bm-Wv.48

]cn-ip-≤m-cq-]n-bpsS {]h¿Ø-\w-hgn ssZh-h-N\w a\p-jy-cpsS ̀ mj-bn¬, hm°p-I-fn¬, Bhn-jvI-cn-°-s∏-Sp-∂p.]p{X-s‚bpw ]cn-ip-≤m-cq-]n-bp-sSbpw ZuXy-ßƒ Ahn-`m-Py-amWv; c≠pw-IqSn c£m-I-c-{]-hr-Ønsb GI kwhn-[m-\-ambn am‰p-∂p. I\y-Im-a-dn-b-Øns‚ DZ-c-Øn¬ hN\wamwk-am-Im≥ {]h¿Øn® AtX Acq-]n-X-s∂-bmWv Xs‚ZuXy-Øn¬ DS-\ofw tbip-hns\ \bn-°p-∂-Xv. Xs‚injy-∑m¿°v hmKvZm\w sNøp-∂Xpw Cu Acq-]n-sb-Ø-s∂-bm-Wv. {]hm-N-I-∑m-cn -eqsS kwkm-cn® AtXAcq]nXs∂-bmWv ssZh-h-N-\w {]tLm-jn-°p-I-sb∂Ah-fpsS ZuXyw \n¿h-ln-°m≥ Xncp-k-̀ bv°v {]tNm-Z\w

41

\¬Ip-∂-Xpw. At∏m-kvX-e-∑m-cpsS kphn-ti-j-{]-N-c-W-Øn¬ Ah¿°pw {]tNm-Z-\-am-Ip-∂Xpw hnip≤ enJn-X-ßfpsS cN-\-bn¬ {KŸ-Im-c-∑m¿°v {]tNm-Z-\-am-bn-cp-∂Xpw Cu Acq-]n-X-s∂-bm-Wv.

16. Acq-]n-bpsS Cu hnime N{I-hm-f-sØ-∏‰n t_m[-hm-∑m-cm-bn-cp∂ kn\Uv ]nXm-°-∑m¿ Xncp-k-`-bn¬ ]cn-ip-≤m-cq-]n-bpsS {]h¿Ø-\-Øn-\p≈ {]m[m\yw FSp-Øp-]-d-bp-∂p. hnip-≤-en-Jn-X-ßƒ kw_-‘n®v hnizm-kn-I-fpsS lrZ-b-ß-fn¬ ]cn-ip-≤m-cq]n \S-Øp∂ {]h¿Ø-\-Øn\pw Ah¿ Du∂¬ \¬Ip-∂p.49 ""kXy-Øns‚Acq]n'' (tbml. 4:16), ê-{]-Zamw-hn[w {]h¿Øn-s®-¶nte I¿Øm-hns‚ hm°p-Iƒ a\- n-em-°m≥ Ign-bp-I-bp-≈q. hnip≤ Cc-tWhqkv ]d-bp∂p: ""Acq-]n-bn¬ ]¶m-fn-I-fm-Im-Ø-h¿ k`m-am-Xm-hns‚ aSn-Ø-ń¬\n∂v H∂pwkzoI-cn-°p-∂n√; Pohs‚ Blm-c-amWv Ahn-sS-\n∂v e`n-°p-I. {InkvXp-hns‚ icocamIp∂ ip≤-amb Acp-hn-bn¬\n∂v Hgp-In-sb-Øp∂ bmsXm∂pw Ah¿°v e`n-°p-∂n-√.50'' {InkvXp-hns‚ ico-c-Øn¬\n∂v ssZh-h-N\w hcp-∂-Xp-t]mse, Znhy-Im-cp-Wy-sa∂ ico-c-Øn¬\n∂pw hnip-≤-en-Jn-X-sa∂ ico-c-Øn¬\n-∂pw, ]cn-ip-≤m-cq-]n-bpsS{]h¿Ø-\w-h-gn, ssZh-h-N\w \ap°v e`n-°p-∂p. CXvbYm¿∞-Øn¬ kzmb-Ø-am-°m\pw {Kln-°p-hm\pwAtX Acq-]n-bn¬am-{Xta km≤y-am-Iq.

hnizm-kn-Iƒ°v hnip-≤-en-Jn-X-ß-fp-ambn D≠m-bn-cn-t°≠ _‘-sØ-∏‰n ]d-bp-tºm-sg√mw, ss{IkvX-h-]m-c-º-cy-Ønse {]i-kvX-cmb F√m {KŸ-Im-c-∑m-cpw ]cn-ip-≤m-cq-]n-bpsS {]m[m-\y-sØ-∏-‰n GI kzc-Øn-emWvkwkm-cn-°p-∂-Xv. ""hnip-≤-en-Jn-X-Øn\v Acq-]n-bpsSshfn-s∏-Sp-Ø¬ Bh-iy-am-Wv. AXn¬ ]d-™n-cn-°p∂Imcy-ß-fpsS bYm¿∞ s]mcpƒ a\- n-em-°p-∂-Xn\pwAß-s\ [mcm-f-ambn ê-saSp°p∂-Xn\pw CXm-h-iy-amWv'' F∂v hnip≤ tPm¨ {IntkmkvtXmw ]d-bp-∂p.51

ssZ-h-h-N-\w


""hnip≤ enJn-X-ßƒ°v {]tNm-Z\w \¬In-bXv ]cn-ip-≤m-cq-]n-bm-Wv. B ]cn-ip-≤m-cq-]n-bpsS klm-b-an-√msXhnip≤ enJn-X-ßƒ {Kln-°p-hm≥ \ap°v Ign-bp-I-bn-√'' F∂ Dd® hnizm-k-amWv hnip≤ sPtdm-an\v D≠m-bn-cp-∂-Xv.54 ss__n-fns‚ cq]o-I-c-W-Ønepw hymJym-\-Ønepw ]cn-ip-≤m-cq]n hln-°p∂ ]¶v alm-\mb hnip≤{KnKcn `wKn-bmbn FSp-Øp-]-d-bp-∂p-≠v. ""]cn-ip-≤m-cq-]n-bmWv hnip-≤-{K-Ÿ-Ønse hm°p-Iƒ kr„n-®-Xv. Ah-bpsS A¿∞w shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂Xpw B Acq-]n-X-s∂-bm-Wv.''53 hnip-≤-en-JnXw a\- n-em-°p-∂-Xn\v \ap°pth≠Xv ]cn-ip-≤m-cq]n {]Imiw \¬Ip-Ibpw ]Tn-∏n-°p-Ibpw sNbvX ""{]mhp-I-fpsS IÆp-I-fmWv'' F∂v sk‚ vhnIvS-dnse dn®m¿Uv Nq≠n-°m-´p-∂p.54

Bcm-[-\m-\p -jvTm-\-ß-fpsS {KŸ-ß-fn¬ \mwImWp∂ ]cn-ip-≤m-cq-]nbpw hnip-≤-en-Jn-X-ßfpw XΩn-ep≈ _‘-Øns‚ AXn{]-[m\-amb km£yw ChnsSFSp-Øp-]-d-bm≥ Rm≥ B{K-ln-°p-∂p. Bcm-[-\m-{I-a-ØnemWt√m hnizm-kn-Iƒ°mbn ssZh-h-N\w {]tLm-jn-°s∏SpIbpw AXv {ihn-°s∏Sp-Ibpw hni-Zo-I-cn-°s∏Sp-Ibpw sNøp-∂Xv. hmb-\-Iƒ°v ap≥]v ]cn-ip-≤m-cq-]n-tbm-Sp≈ {]mNo-\-amb {]m¿∞-\-I-fn¬ HcpBlzm-\-Øns‚ cq]-Øn¬ CXv \mw ImWp-∂p. ""Aß-bpsS Acq-]n-bmb ]md-t¢-Ømsb Rß-fpsS lrZ-b-ß-fn-te°v Ab-bv°-W-ta. B Acq]n {]tNm-Z\w \¬Inbhnip-≤-en-Jn-X-ßƒ Rßƒ a\- n-em-°p-hm≥ CS-bm-°-W-ta. Cu enJn-X-ßsf A¿l-amw-hn[w hymJym-\n-°p-hm≥ F\n°v Ignhv \¬I-W-ta. Aßs\ ChnsS IqSn-bn-cn-°p∂ hnizm-kn-Iƒ°v B hymJym-\-Øn¬\n∂pw{]tbm-P\w D≠m-I-s´.'' hN\ {]tLm-j-W-Øns‚ Ah-km\w sNm√p∂ {]m¿∞-\-Ifn¬ hnizm-kn-I-fp-sS-ta¬Xs‚ Zm\-amb Acq-]nsb Ab-bv°-Wta! F∂v ssZh-tØmSv {]m¿∞n-°p∂p: ""c£-I-\mb ssZh-ta, Aß-bpsS

43

P\-Øn-\p-th≠n Rßƒ At]-£n-°p-∂p. Ah-cp-sS-ta¬]cn-ip-≤m-cq-]nsb Ab-bv°-W-ta. I¿Øm-hmb tbipAhsc kμ¿in-°p-Ibpw F√m-h-cp-sSbpw a\- n-t\mSvkwkm-cn-°p-Ibpw Ah-cpsS lrZ-b-ßsf hnizmkØn\vk÷-am-°p-Ibpw Rß-fpsS Bflm-°sf Aß-bn-te°v\bn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-am-dm-I-s´-sb∂v Imcp-Wy-hm-\mbssZhta Aß-tbmSv Rßƒ At]-£n-°p-∂p.'' Xncp-k-`-bnepw hnizm-kn-I-fpsS lrZ-b-ß-fnepw ]cn-ip-≤m-cq]n\S-Øp∂ {]h¿Ø-\-ßƒ°mbn \ΩpsS lrZ-b-ßƒ Xpd-°p-∂n-√m-sb-¶n¬ hN-\-Øns‚ A¿∞w a\- n-em-°m≥\ap°v Ign-bp-I-bn-s√∂v CXv hy‡-am-°p-∂p.

]mc-º-cyhpw hnip≤ enJn-X-ßfpw

17. ssZhh-N-\hpw ]cn-ip-≤m-cq-]nbpw XΩn-ep≈ KmV-amb _‘w ho≠pw {]Jym-]n-°p-I-hgn k`-bn¬ kPo-h-amb ]mc-º-cy-Øn\pw hnip-≤-en-Jn-X-ßƒ°p-ap≈\n¿Æm-b-I-amb aqeyhpw A¿∞hpw a\- n-em-°p-∂-Xn-\m-h-iy-amb ASn-Ød \mw C´p-I-gn-™p. ""Xs‚ GI-Pm-Xs\ \¬Iphm≥X°-hn[w ssZhw temIsØ A{X-am{Xw kvt\ln-®p'' (tbm-l. 3:16). AXp-sIm≠v Ime-Øn¬D®-cn-°-s∏´ ssZh-h-N-\sØ \n¿Æm-b-I-amb coXn-bn¬k`-bv°v Gev]n-®p-sIm-Sp-Øn-cn-°-bm-Wv. F°m-eØpwF√m-bn-S-ß-fnepw c£ kw_-‘n® {]tLm-jWw ^e-{]-Z-amb coXn-bn¬ \S-Øp-∂-Xn-\p-th-≠n-bmWv Znhy-h-N\w k`sb Gev]n-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. ssZh-h-N\w (DeiVerbum) F∂ {]amW-tcJ \sΩ A\p-kva-cn-∏n-°p-∂-Xp-t]m-se, {InkvXp Xs∂ kphn-tijw {]kw-Kn-°p-hm≥At∏m-kvX-e-∑m-tcmSv Iev]n-®p. {]hm-N-I-∑m¿ aptºhmKvZm\w sNbvXn-cp-∂Xpw {InkvXp-hm-Ip∂ hy‡n-bn¬]q¿Øo-I-cn-°-s∏-´Xpw {InkvXp-hns‚ A[-c-ßƒ Xs∂{]Jym-]n-®-Xp-amWv Cu kphn-ti-jw. F√m-h¿°pw c£\¬Ip∂ kXy-Øn-s‚bpw kZm-Nmc \nb-a-Øn-s‚bpw

ssZ-h-h-N-\w


t{kmX- m-bn-´v Cu kphn-tijw F√m-h-tcmSpw {]tLm-jn-°-s∏-tS≠n-bn-cn-°p∂p. kphn-tijw ssZh-Øns‚ Zm\-ßsf a\p-jy¿°v FØn-®p-sIm-Sp-°p∂p. Cu ZuXywhniz-kvX-X-tbmsS \n¿Δ-ln-°-s∏-´p. At∏m-kvX-e-∑m¿P\-ß-tfmSv Cu kphn-tijw {]kw-Kn®p; Aßs\ AXvssIam-dn. Xß-fpsS amXr-I-bmepw A\p-im-k-\ßfmepwAh¿ kphn-tijw P\-ßƒ°v ]I¿∂p. {InkvXp-hns‚]T-\-Øn¬\n∂pw Ahn-SpsØ Pohn-X-Øn¬\n∂pw {]hr-Øn-I-fn¬\n∂pw At∏m-kvX-e-∑m¿°v e`n-®-XmWv Cukphn-ti-jw. Nne-t∏mƒ ]cn-ip-≤m-cq-]n-bpsS {]tNmZ-\-Øm¬ Ah¿ {Kln-®-XmImw Cu ktμ-iw. At∏m-kvX-e-∑mcpw Ah-cp-ambn _‘-s∏-´-hcpw kphn-tijw {]kw-Kn-®p, {]N-cn-∏n-®p. AtX ]cn-ip-≤m-cq-]n-bpsS {]tNm-Z-\-Øm¬ Ah¿ c£-bpsS Cu ktμiw Fgp-Xn-h-bv°p-Ibpw sNbvXp.56

At∏m-kvX-e-∑m-cn¬\n∂v XpS-ßp∂ ]mc-ºcyw kPo-hhpw {Inbm-fl-I-hp-amb Hcp bmYm¿∞y-am-sW∂v c≠mwhØn-°m≥ Iu¨knepw ]d-™n-´p-≠v. ""CXv k`-bn¬]cn-ip-≤m-cq-]n-bpsS klm-b-tØmsS ]ptcm-K-an-°p∂p;'']ptcm-K-an-°p-I-sb∂p ]d-bp-tºmƒ AXns‚ kXy-Øn¬am‰w hcp∂p F∂√ Dt±-in-°p-∂-Xv. B kXyw imiz-X-am-Wv. ""bmYm¿∞y-ß-fp-sSbpw Xe-ap-d-Iƒ°v ssIam-dp∂hm°p-I-fp-sSbpw Dƒ°m-gvN, B¥-cnI A¿∞w, kw_-‘n® Adn-hv, hnI-kn-°p∂p'' F∂mWv Dt±-in-°p-∂-Xv.IqSp-X¬ Bg-ap≈ Bflob A\p-`-h-Øn¬\n∂v e`n-°p∂ {Kl-W-i-‡n-bp-]-tbm-Kn®v [ym\n®pw ]Tn-®p-amWvCu hnI-k\w D≠m-Ip-I. ""sa{Xm≥]-Z-hn-bn¬ FØp-Ibpw kXy-Øns‚ {]`mhw \n›-b-ambpw e`n-°p-IbpwsNbvXn-´p≈hcpsS {]kwKw {ihn®pw'' Cu Dƒ°mgvNhnI-kn-°p-∂p-≠v.57

hnip-≤-en-Jn-X-ß-fn¬ shfn-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-´p≈ kXywIme-Øns‚ ]ptcm-KXn A\p-k-cn®v a\- n-em-t°-≠-Xp-

45

≠v. CXn-\p≈ Ignhv k`bv°v e`n-°p-hm≥ kPo-h-amb]mc-ºcyw IqSn-tb-Xo-cq. ""CtX ]mc-º-cyw-h-gn-bmWv hnip-≤-{K-Ÿ-Øn¬ Dƒs∏-Sp-tØ≠ {KŸ-ß-fpsS apgp-h≥ ]´n-Ibpw k`bv°v e`n-°p-∂-Xv. hnip-≤-en-Jn-X-ßƒXs∂IqSp-X¬ Bg-Øn¬ a\- n-em-°p-∂-Xn\pw Ah k -̀bn¬\nc-¥cw ̂ e-{]-Z-am-bn-Øo-cp-∂-Xn\pw CS-bm-°p-∂Xv ]mc-º-cy-am-Wv.''58 Ah-km-\-am-bn, hnip-≤-en-Jn-X-ßƒ ssZh-h-N-\-am-sW∂v a\- n-em-°m≥ \sΩ {]m]vX-cm-°p-∂Xpwk`-bpsS ]mc-º-cy-amWv. hnip-≤-en-Jn-X-ß-ƒ°paptº\ne-hn-ep-≈Xpw hnip-≤-en-Jn-X-ß-tf-°mƒ hn]p-e-hp-amWvssZh-h-N-\w. F¶nepw ssZh-Øns‚ {]tNm-Z-\-Øm¬D≠mb hnip-≤-en-Jn-X-ßƒ Znhy-h-N-\sØ Dƒs°m-≈p-∂p≠v; (2 Xntam. 3:16) ""XnI®pw khn-ti-j-am-b-co-Xn-bn¬''AXv ssZh-h-N-\sØ Dƒs°m-≈p∂p.59

18. k -̀bpsS kPoh ]mc-º-cy-hp-ambn _‘-s∏-SpØnhnip-≤-en-Jn-X-ßsf kao-]n-°p-hm≥ ssZh-P-\sØicn°pw ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂Xpw ioen-∏n-°p-∂Xpw F{X-am{Xw{]m[m-\y-a¿ln-°p∂ kwK-Xn-bm-sW∂v \mw hy‡-ambnImWp-∂p. hnip-≤-en-Jn-X-ß-fn-ep-≈Xv ssZh-h-N\w Xs∂-bm-sW∂v Xncn-®-dn-bp-∂-Xn\pw Cu ]T-\hpw ]cn-io-e-\hpw Bh-iy-am-Wv. Bflob Pohn-X-Øns‚ ImgvN∏m-Sn¬\n∂v t\m°p-tºmƒ hnizm-kn-I-fn¬ CØcw Hcp kao-]\w hf¿Øn-sb-Sp-°p-I F∂Xv hfsc {][m-\-s∏´ Imcy-amWv. ""amwk-amb hN-\hpw'' ""]pkvX-I-ambn''Øo¿∂ hN-\hpw XΩn-ep≈ km[¿Ωyw k`m-]n-Xm-°-∑m¿ FSp-Øp-Im-´n-bn-´p-≈Xv Hm¿Ωn-°p-∂Xv ChnsS klm-b-I-am-tb-°mw.60 ssZh-h-N\w F∂ {]t_m-[-\-tcJ Cu {]mNo\]mc-ºcyw N¿® sNøp-∂p. ""\ap°v e`n-®n-´p≈ hnip-≤-{KŸw ]p{Xs‚ ico-c-amWv'' F∂v hnip≤ Awt{_mkv]d-bp-∂p.61 ""a\p-jys‚ `mj-bn¬ Bhn-jvI-cn-®n-´p≈ssZh-Øns‚ hm°p-Iƒ, F√m hn[-Ønepw a\p-jys‚kwkmcw t]mse-X-s∂-bm-Wv. A\¥ ssZh-amb ]nXm-

ssZ-h-h-N-\w


hns‚ hN\w a\p-jy-sc-t∏mse Zp¿_-e-amb amwkw [cn®-t∏mƒ B hN\w a\p-jy-sc-t∏mse Bb-Xp-t]m-se-bmWvssZh-Øns‚ hm°p-Iƒ a\p-jys‚ ̀ mj-bn-em-Ip-tºmgpwkw`-hn-°p-I.''62 Cu coXn-bn¬ a\- n-em-°p-tºmƒ, D≈-S-°-Ønepw cq]-Ønepw Gsd sshhn-≤y-ap≈ hnip-≤-en-Jn-X-ßƒ Htc Hcp bmYm¿∞y-ambn \ap°v ImW-s∏-Sp-∂p. hnip-≤-en-Jn-X-ßfnse A\-h[n hm°p-I-fn-eqsSssZhw Hcp-hm-°v, Hcp hN-\w, am{Xta \tΩmSv ]d-bp-∂p-≈q. Xs∂ ]q¿Æ-ambpw Bhn-jvI-cn-°p-∂Xpw Xm≥ D®-cn-°p-∂-Xp-amb hN\w (cf. sl{_m. 1:1˛3).63 C°mcywhnip≤ AKp-kvXo-t\mkv t\ctØ ]d-™n-´p-≠v:""hnip≤ enJn-X-ß-fn¬ BZy¥w ImWp-∂Xv ssZh-Øns‚ Htc Hcp {]`m-j-W-am-sW∂v Hm¿Ωn-°p-I. hnip-≤-{K-Ÿ-ßƒ cNn® F√m-h-cp-sSbpw A[-cß-fn¬\n∂vapg-ßp-∂Xv Htc Hcp hN\w am{X-am-Wv.''64

Npcp-°n-∏-d-™m¬, ]cn-ip-≤m-cq-]n-bpsS {]h¿Ø-\-Øn-eq-sSbpw {]t_m-[-\m-[n-Im-c-Øns‚ am¿§-Z¿i-\w-h-gnbpw{InkvXp-hn¬ shfn-s∏-Sp-Ø-s∏´ k¿Δ Imcy-ßfpw F√m-X-e-ap-d-Iƒ°pw Xncp-k` ssIam-dn-bn-́ p-≠v. ]g-b-Im-eØvkwkm-cn® I¿Ømhv k`-bpsS kPoh ]mc-º-cy-Øn-eq-sSbpw hnip-≤-en-Jn-X-ß-fn-eq-sSbpw C∂pw Xs∂ shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp∂p F∂ DØa t_m≤y-Øn-emWv Xncp-k`Pohn-°p-∂-Xv. shfn-]m-Sns‚ {]tNm-ZnX km£y-am-bn-́ mWvhnip-≤-en-Jn-X-ß-fn¬ ssZh-h-N\w \ap°v \¬I-s∏-´n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. k -̀bpsS kPoh ]mc-º-cy-Øn-s\m∏w hnip≤enJn-X-ß-fmWv hnizm-k-Øns‚ i‡hpw kap-∂-X-hp-amb GI \nb-am-h-en.65

hnip-≤-en-Jn-X-ßƒ, {]tNm-Z-\hpw kXyhpw

19. hnip≤ enJn-X-ß-ƒ ssZh-h-N\w a\p-jys‚ ̀ mj-bn¬ ]d-™p-h-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xm-sW∂v a\- n-em-°m≥ Ah-iyw-th≠ Hcp Bibw Xo¿®-bmbpw "\nthi\w' BWv.

47

Chn-sSbpw Hcp-]a klm-b-I-am-Ipw. ]cn-ip-≤m-cq-]n-bpsSi‡n-bm¬ ssZh-h-N\w I\y-Im-a-dn-b-Øns‚ DZ-c-Øn¬amwk-am-bXp-t]mse AtX Acq-]n-bpsS i‡n-bm¬ k -̀bpsS DZ-c-Øn¬ D≠m-b-XmWv hnip-≤-en-Jn-X-ßƒ. ""]cn-ip-≤m-cq-]n-bpsS {]tNm-Z-\-Øm¬ Fgp-Xn-h-®n-́ p≈ ssZh-h-N-\-amWv hnip-≤-en-Jn-X-ßƒ.''66 {]tNm-Z\w kzoI-cn®v{KŸw cNn® cN-bn-Xmhns‚ apgp-h≥ {]m[m-\yhpw \mwXncn-®-dn-bp-∂p. AtX-k-a-bw-Xs∂ Ah-bpsS bYm¿∞cN-bn-Xmhv ssZhw-Xs∂ BsW∂pw \mw Xncn-®-dn-bp-∂p.

icn-bmb coXn-bn¬ hnip-≤-en-Jn-X-ßsf kao-]n-°p-∂-Xn\pw Ahsb hymJym-\n-°p-∂-Xn\pw {]tNm-Z\wF∂ Bib-Øn\v XnI®pw \n¿Æm-b-I-amb Hcp ]¶p-s≠∂v kn\Uv ]nXm-°-∑m¿ ÿnco-Icn°p-∂p-≠v.67 GXvAcq-]n-bmemtWm hnip-≤-{KŸw cNn-°-s∏-´Xv AtXAcq-]n-bmem-IWw AXns\ hymJym-\n-°p-∂-Xpw.68 hnip-≤-{K-Ÿ-Øns‚ {]tNm-Z\w kw_-‘n®v \ap-°p≈ Ah-t_m[w Zp¿_eamIp-tºm-sg√mw Ncn-{X-]-c-amb Pn⁄m-ksb Xr]vXn-s∏-Sp-Øm≥am{Xw hnip-≤-{KŸw hmbn-°p-I-sb∂ A]-I-S-ap-≠m-Imw. ]cn-ip-≤m-cq-]n-bpsS kr„n-bmWv hnip-≤-{K-Ÿw, AXn-eqsS \mw tIƒ°p-∂XvI¿Ømhv ]d-bp-∂-Xp-X-s∂-bm-sW∂v \mw hnkva-cn-®p-t]m-Ipw. Ncn-{X-Ønse I¿Øm-hns‚ km∂n≤yw hnip-≤-{K-Ÿ-Øn¬ \mw Xncn-®-dn-b-Ww.

hnip-≤-en-Jn-X-ß-fnse \nth-i\w F∂ {]ta-bhpwhnip≤{KŸ-ßƒ kXy-am-sW∂ hkvXp-Xbpw XΩn-ep≈_‘w kn\Uv ]nXm-°-∑m¿ FSp-Øp-]-d-bp-∂p-≠v.69

{]tNm-Z\w F∂ {]{In-b-sb-∏‰n IqSp-X¬ Bg-Øn¬]T\w \S-Øn-bm¬ hnip-≤-{K-Ÿ-Øn¬ ]d-™n-´p≈Imcy-ßƒ kXy-am-sW∂ Adnhv Xo¿®-bmbpw h¿≤n-°pw. CXv kw_‘n® Iu¨knens‚ {]t_m-[-\-Øn¬]d-bp-∂-Xp-t]m-se, {]tNm-Z-\-Øns‚ ̂ e-ambn Fgp-Xnb{KŸ-ßƒ ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂Xv kXy-am-Wv. ""\nthi\w e`n®

ssZ-h-h-N-\w


{KŸ-I¿Øm°fpw hnip≤{KŸ-Øns‚ cN-bn-Xm-°fpw]d-bp-∂-sX√mw ]cn-ip-≤m-cq]n ]d-bp-∂-Xmbn Icp-X-Ww.AXp-sIm≠v \ΩpsS \nXy-c-£-bv°mbn hnip-≤-en-Jn-X-ß-fn¬ Dƒs∏-Sp-Øm≥ ssZhw Xncp-a-\- mb kXyw i‡-ambpw hniz-kvX-X-tbm-Sp-Iq-Snbpw sX‰p-Iq-Sm-sXbpw hnip-≤-en-Jn-X-ß-fnse {KŸ-ßƒ ]Tn-∏n-°p∂p F∂v \mwAwKo-I-cn-°-Ww. Aßs\ ""hnip≤ enJn-X-sa√mw ssZh-\n-th-in-X-am-Wv, Ah {]t_m-[-\-Øn\pw imk-\-Øn\pwsX‰pXn-cp-Ø-en\pw \oXn-bn-ep≈ ]cn-io-e-\-Øn\pw D]-I-cn-°p-∂p. CXp-hgn ssZh-`-‡-\mb a\p-jy≥ ]q¿ÆXssIh-cn-°p-Ibpw F√m \√ {]hr-Øn-Ifpw sNøp-∂-Xn\v{]m]vX-\m-Ip-Ibpw sNøp∂p''(2 Xntam. 3:16˛17 {Ko°v).-70

hnip-≤-en-Jn-X-ßsf k`-bpsS ImgvN-∏m-Sn-eqsShymJym-\n-°p-∂-Xn\v \nthi-\w, kXyw F∂o c≠v Bi-b-ßƒ ]c-a-{]-[m-\-am-sW∂v ssZh-im-kv{X-]-c-amb hnNn-¥\w Ft∏mgpw Xncn-®-dn-™n-´p-≠v. F∂mepw Cu Ime-L-́ -Øn¬ Cu bmYm¿∞y-ßsf Iptd-°qSn ]q¿Æ-ambpwIme-L-́ -Øn\v A\p-tbm-Py-amb coXn-bnepw ]Tn-t°-≠XvBh-iy-am-sW∂v \mw AwKo-I-cn-°-Ww. hnip-≤-en-Jn-X-ßsf Ah-bpsS kz`mhw A\p-k-cn®v hymJym-\n-°p-I-sb∂ Bh-iy-tØmSv IqSp-X¬ ka-{K-ambn {]Xn-I-cn-°p-∂-Xn\v CXm-h-iy-am-Wv. Cu taJ-e-bnse Kth-jWw]ptcm-K-an-°p-sa∂pw AXv hnip-≤-{KŸ hn⁄m-\o-b-Øn\pw hnizm-kn-I-fpsS Bflo-b-Po-hn-X-Øn\pw ^e-{]-Z-amIpw F∂p-ap≈ Fs‚ Xo{h-amb {]Xymi ChnsS{]I-Sn-∏n-®p-sIm-≈-s´.

]nXm-hmb ssZhw, hN-\-Øns‚ t{kmX pwBcw-̀ hpw

20. shfn-]m-Sns‚ kq£va kwhn-[m\w XpS-ßp-∂Xv]nXm-hmb ssZh-Øn¬\n-∂m-Wv. Ahn-SpsØ hN-\-Øm¬""BImiw \n¿Ωn-°-s∏´p; Ahn-SpsØ Iev]-\-bm¬

49

BIm-i-tKm-f-ßfpw'' (k-¶o. 33:6) Ahn-Sp∂p Xs∂-bm-Wv, ""{InkvXp-hns‚ apJØv shfn-hm-°-s∏´ ssZh-tX-P- n-s\-∏-‰n-bp≈ Adn-hns‚ {]Imiw'' \ap°v \¬In-bXv(2 tImdn. 4:6; cf. aØm. 16:17; eq°m 9,29).

]p{X-\n¬, Xs∂ Ab-®-hs‚ C„w \nd-th-‰p-hm≥ (cf.tbml. 4:34) ""amwk-amb hN-\-Øn¬'' (cf.tbml. 1:14).F√m shfn-]m-Sn-t‚bpw t{kmX- mb ssZhw Xs∂-Øs∂ ]nXm-hmbn shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂p. Aßs\, CXp-hsc{]hmN-I-∑m-cpsS hm°p-I-fn-eq-sSbpw kr„n-bn¬ Ahn-Sp∂v \n¿h-ln® al-Ømb Imcy-ß-fn-eq-sSbpw Xs‚ P\-Øn-t‚bpw a\p-jy-h¿§w apgp-h-t‚bpw Ncn-{X-Ønepw\n¿h-ln®n-cp∂ ssZhn-I- {]t_m-[\ ]≤Xn ]q¿Øo-I-cn-°p∂p. ]nXm-hmb ssZhØns‚ shfn-s∏-Sp-Ø¬AXns‚ ]q¿Æ-X-bn¬ FØp-∂Xv ]p{X≥ ]mct¢Øm-sb Zm\-ambn \¬Ip-tºm-gm-Wv (cf. tbml. 14:16) ""\sΩF√m kXy-Øn-te°pw'' (tbml. 16:13) \bn-°p∂ ]nXm-hn-t‚bpw ]p{X-t‚bpw Acq-]n-bmb ]mct¢Øm-sb.

ssZh-Øns‚ F√m hmKvZm-\-ßfpw ]q¿Øo-I-cn-°-s∏-Sp-∂Xv tbip-{In-kvXp-hn-emWv (cf. 2 tImdn 1:20). Aßs\]nXm-hn-te°v \bn-°p∂ hgn-bn-eqsS Ncn°p-hm≥ F√ma\p-jycpw, kv{XoIfpw ]pcp-j-∑mcpw, {]m]vXcm-Ip-∂p.AXphgn HSp -hn¬ ""ssZhw F√m-h¿°pw F√mwBtI≠Xn\p-Xs∂'' (1 tImdn. 15:28).

21. {InkvXp-hns‚ Ipcniv sXfnbn-°p-∂-Xp-t]m-se,Xs‚ au\-Øn-eq-sSbpw ssZhw kwkm-cn-°p-∂p. a\p-jym-h-Xmcw sNbvX hN-\-Øn-s‚, ]p{X-\mb ssZh-Øn-s‚,Cu ̀ qan-bn-eq-sSbp≈ {]bm-W-Øn¬ Hcp \n¿Æm-bI LS-I-amWv k¿Δ-i-‡-\mb ]nXm-hn¬\n-∂p-ap≈ Zqcw kw_-‘n® A\p-`-hw, ssZh-Øns‚ au\w. B au\w F¥p-am{Xw thZ-\bv°v Imc-W-ambn F∂Xv Ipcn-in¬ Xqßn-°n-S-∂-t∏mƒ tbip \S-Ønb hnem]w hy‡-am-°p-∂p-≠v: ""Fs‚ ssZhta Fs‚ ssZhta F¥p-sIm≠v Aßv

ssZ-h-h-N-\w


Fs∂ Dt]-£n®p. (a¿t°m. 15:34, aØm. 27:46). Xs‚Ah-km\ izmkw-h-scbpw tbip A\p-k-c-W-tØmsSPohn-®p. ac-W-Øns‚ A‘-Im-cØn¬ tbip-]n-Xm-hns\hnfn-®p. Pohn-X-Øn¬\n∂pw ac-W-Øn-te°v IS∂ ka-bw, A\-¥-amb Poh-\n-te°v {]th-in® ka-bw, tbipXs∂-Øs∂ ]nXm-hn\v Gev]n-®p-sIm-SpØp. ""]nXm-th,Aß-bpsS Ic-ßfn¬ Fs‚ Bflm-hns\ Rm≥ ka¿∏n-°p∂p'' (eq-°m. 23:46).

ssZh-Øns‚ hN\w tIƒ°p-Ibpw AXv Xncn-®-dn-bp-Ibpw sNbvX-h¿ Ahn-SpsØ au\hpw t\cn-tS-≠n-h-cpw.Aß-s\-bp≈ kml-N-cy-ß-fn¬ Ign-bp-∂-h-cpsS A\p-`-h-amWv tbip-hns‚ Cu A\p-`-h-Øn¬ {]Xn-^-en-°p-∂-Xv. \nc-h[n hnip-≤-∑m-cp-tSbpw tbmKn-I-fp-tSbpw A\p-`hw CXm-bn-cp-∂p. C∂pw At\Iw hnizm-kn-I-fpsS bm{X-bpsS Hcp ̀ mK-amWv CXv. ssZh-Øns‚ au\w Ahn-Sp∂vt\csØ D®-cn® hm°p-Isf XpS¿∂p-sIm≠pt]m-Ip-∂p.A‘-Im-c-Øns‚ Cu \nan-j-ß-fn¬ au\-Øns‚ alm-c-l-ky-Øn-eqsS Ahn-Sp∂v kwkm-cn-°p-∂p. Aßs\ss{IkvXh shfn-]m-Sns‚ Nme-I-i-‡n-bn¬ ssZh-h-N-\-Øns‚ kp{][m-\-amb Hcp Bhn-jvI-c-W-ambn au\wImW-s∏-Sp-∂p.

kwkm-cn-°p∂ ssZh-tØm-Sp≈\ΩpsS {]Xn-I-cWw

ssZh-hp-am-bp≈ DS-º-Sn-bnte°p≈ £Ww

22. hN-\-Øns‚ hnhn[ cq]-ßƒ FSp-Øp-Im-´n-b-XneqsS ssZhw a\p-jy-tcmSv Fß-s\-sb√mw kwkm-cn-°p-∂p, Fßs\ Ah-cp-ambn I≠p-ap-´p-∂p, Fßs\kw`m-j-W-Øn¬ Ah¿°pXs∂ shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp∂pFs∂√mw hnNn-¥\w \S-Øm≥ \ap°v Ign-™p. ""shfn-]m-Sn-s\-∏‰n ]d-bp-tºmƒ kwhm-Zw AYhm kw`m-j-Ww,

51

F∂p-]-d-bptºmƒ ssZhw a\p-jy-t\mSv Acp-fn-s®bvXhN-\-Øns‚ {]map-Jy-amWv Dt±-in-°p-∂Xv F∂v kn\Uv]nXm-°-∑m¿ {]Jym-]n-°p-∂p.71 Xs‚ hN-\-Øn-eqsS a\p-jys\ hnfn-°p-Ibpw a\p-jy≥ AXn-t\mSv {]Xn-I-cn-°p-Ibpw sNbvX-t∏mƒ D≠m-b, ssZh a\p-jy-_‘-Øns‚Bhn-jvI-c-W-amWv DS-º-Sn-sb∂ Znhy-c-l-kyw. CXv c≠vka-∑m¿ XΩn-ep≈ I≠p-ap-́ epw DS-ºSnbn¬ G¿s∏-SepwAs√∂v hy‡-am-Wv. ]gb DS-º-Sn-sb∂pw ]pXnb DS-º-Sn-sb∂pw \mw ]d-bp-∂Xv Htc ]Z-hnbp≈ c≠v I£nIƒD≠m-°p∂ DS-º-Sn-b-√. CXv ]q¿Æ-ambpw ssZh-Øns‚Zm\-am-Wv. ssZh-Øns‚ kvt\l-am-Ip∂ Cu Zm\-Øn-eqsS a\p-jy\pw ssZhhpw XΩn-ep≈ Zqcw C√m-Xm-°p∂Hcp ]mew ssZhw kr„n-°p-∂p. Aßs\ \sΩ bYm¿∞-Øn¬ Xs‚ ]¶m-fn-I-fm-°p-∂p. {InkvXphpw k-̀ bpw XΩn-ep≈ sshhm-lnI kvt\l-Øns‚ clkyw shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp-hm-\mWv CXv. Cu ImgvN-∏m-Sn¬\n∂v t\m°p-tºmƒHmtcm ]pcp-j-t\m-Spw, Hmtcm kv{Xotbm-Spw, ssZhw kwkm-cn-°p-∂-Xmbn ImWmw. kzX-{¥-amb Hcp {]Xn-I-c-W-Øn-eqsS Cu kwhm-Z-Øn¬ {]th-in-°p-hm≥ Ahn-Sp∂v \sΩsh√p-hn-fn-°p-∂p, £Wn-°p-∂p. Aßs\ ssZh-Øns‚hN\w {ihn-°p-∂-Xn\pw AXn-t\mSv {]Xn-I-cn-°p-∂-Xn\pw\mw Hmtcm-cp-Ø-tcbpw Ahn-Sp∂v i‡-cm-°p∂p. hN-\-Øn-emWv \mw kr„n-°-s∏-´-Xv. hN-\-Øn¬ \mw Pohn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂p. Cu kwhm-Z-Øn\v \mw lrZbw Xpd-∂p-sIm-Sp-°p-∂n-s√-¶n¬ \ap°v \sΩ-Øs∂ a\- n-em-°m≥ km≤y-am-hp-I-bn-√. a\pjys‚ AkvXn-Xz-Øns‚kz`mhw ]p{X-\n¿Δn-ti-jamWv, _‘-ß-fp-tS-Xm-Wv, F∂vssZh-h-N\w shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂p. ]nXm-hns‚ ]p{X-\mb{InkvXp-hn-t\mSv Ir]m-h-c-Øn-eqsS A\p-cq-]-cm-Iphm\pw{InkvXp-hn¬ cq]m-¥cw {]m]n-°p-∂-Xn\pw \mw hnfn-°-s∏-´n-cn-°p-∂p.

ssZ-h-h-N-\w


ssZhw \sΩ {ihn°p-Ibpw \ΩpsS tNmZy-ßƒ°v adp-]Sn ]d-bp-Ibpw sNøp∂p

23. ssZh-hp-am-bp≈ Cu kwhm-Z-Øn¬ \mw \sΩ-Øs∂ a\- n-em-°m≥ CS-bm-Ip-∂p. \ΩpsS lrZ-b-Øn-s‚ Bg-ß-fn¬\n∂p≈ tNmZy-ßƒ°v \mw DØcwIs≠-Øp-∂Xpw Cu kwhm-Z-Øn-em-Wv. ssZh-Øns‚hN\w \tΩmSv i{XpX ]pe¿Øp∂n-√. \ΩpsS bYm¿-∞Øn-ep≈ B{K-l-ßsf AXv izmkw ap´n-°p-∂-Xp-an-√. adn®v \ΩpsS B{K-l-ß-fp-sS-ta¬ {]Imiw ]c-Øp-I-bm-Wv, Ahsb ]hn-{Xo-I-cn®v Ah k -̂e-am-°p-IbmWvsNøp-∂-Xv. Hmtcm kv{Xobp-tSbpw Hmtcm ]pcp-j-t‚bpwlrZ-b-Øn¬ \ne-\n-ev°p∂ Xo{h-amb B{K-l-ß-tfmSvssZhw am{Xta {]Xn-I-cn-°p-∂p≈p F∂v Is≠-ØpI\ΩpsS Ime-L-´sØ kw_-‘n-®n-S-tØmfw AXn-{]-[m-\-amb Hcp kwK-Xn-bm-Wv! F∂m¬ Cu Ime-L-´-Øn¬{]tXy-In®v ]m›m-Xy-tem-IØv hfsc {]Nmcw kn≤n-®n-´p≈ Hcm-ibw D≠v. ssZhw a\p-jy-cpsS Pohn-X-Øn\pw{]iv\-ßƒ°pw _mly-amWv F∂ Nn¥mKXn; ssZh-Øns‚ km∂n≤yw Xs∂ a\pjy kzmX-{¥y-Øn\v Hcp`oj-Wn-bmWv F∂ [mcW. F∂m¬ c£m-I-c-{]-hr-Øn-bpsS kwhn-[m-\-a-{Xbpw sXfn-bn-°p-∂-Xv, ssZhw \ΩpsS\∑-bv°p-th-≠nbpw \ΩpsS ka-{K-amb c£-bv°p-th-≠n-bp-amWv Ncn-{X-Øn¬ kwkm-cn-°p-∂Xpw {]h¿Øn-°p-∂Xpw F∂-t{X. Aßs\ AP-]m-e-\-Øns‚ ImgvN-∏m-Sn¬\n∂p-sIm≠v t\m°p-tºmƒ, hnizm-kn-Iƒ A\p-Zn\wA`n-ap-Jo-I-cn-°p∂ {]iv\-ßƒ kw_-‘n®v kwhm-Z-Øn-te¿s∏-Sm≥ ssZh-h-N-\-Øn\v Ignbpw F∂ coXn-bn¬ssZh-h-N-\sØ Ah-X-cn-∏n-°p-∂Xv \n¿Æm-b-I-amb HcpImcy-am-Wv. \ap°v kar-≤-ambn Poh≥ D≠m-Ip-∂-Xn-\pth-≠n-bmWv Xm≥ h∂Xv F∂v tbip-Xs∂ ]d-bp∂p (cf.tbm-l. 10:10). AXp-sIm≠v, \ΩpsS {]iv\-ß-tfm-Sp≈Xpd∂ kao-]-\-ambpw \ΩpsS tNmZy-ßƒ°p≈ adp-]-

53

Sn-bm-bn´pw \ΩpsS aqey-t_m-[sØ IqSp-X¬ hnim-e-am-°p-Ibpw \ΩpsS B{K-l-ßƒ \nd-th-‰n-Ø-cp-Ibpw sNøp-∂ hN-\-ambpw. ssZh-h-N\w ]¶p-h-bv°p-hm≥ \mw F√mcoXn-bnepw {ian-t°-≠-Xp≠v; AP-]me\-{]-h¿Ø-\-Øn¬\ΩpsS Bh-iy-ßƒ ssZhw ImWp-∂p-s≠∂pw klmb-Øn\p-th-≠n-bp≈ \ΩpsS At]£ ssZhw tIƒ°p-∂p-s≠∂pw hy‡-ambn ImWn-®p-sIm-Sp-t°-≠-Xns‚Bhiyw D≠v. hnip≤ s_m\-sh-¥qc Xs‚ "t{_hn-tem-°znbpw' F∂ IrXn-bn¬ C{]-Imcw ]d-bp∂p: ""hnip≤enJnXØns‚ êw Fs¥-¶nepw ê-a-√; \nXym-\-μ-Øns‚ ]q¿Æ-X-bmWv AXv \¬Ip∂-Xv. hnip-≤-{K-Ÿ-Øn¬ \nXy-Po-hs‚ hN- p-I-fmWv AS-ßn-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xv.\mw AXv hniz-kn-®m¬ am{Xw-t]m-cm, \nXy-Po-h\pw kz¥-am-°-Ww. \mw ImWp-Ibpw kvt\ln-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂,\ΩpsS B{K-l-ß-sf√mw kêoI-cn-°-s∏-Sp∂ Ah-ÿ-bm-Wt√m \nXy-Po-h≥.''72

Ahn-SpsØ hN\ß-fn-eqsS ssZh-hp-ambn kw`m-jWØn¬

24. ssZh-h-N\w \mw Hmtcm-cp-Ø-scbpw X∂n-te°vASp-∏n-°p-Ibpw \-tΩmSv kwkm-cn-°pIbpw Ahn-Sp-tØmSvFßs\ kwkm-cn-°-W-sa∂v \sΩ ]Tn-∏n-°p-IbpwsNøp∂ I¿Øm-hp-am-bp≈ Hcp kw`m-j-W-Øn¬ Dƒs∏-Sp-Øp-∂p. ChnsS kzm`m-hn-I-ambpw \mw k¶o¿Ø-\-ß-fpsS ]pkvX-IsØ Hm¿Ωn-°pw. ssZh-tØmSv kwkm-cn-°m-\p≈ hN-\ßƒ ssZhw \ap°v Xcp-∂Xv Ahn-sS-bm-Wv. \ΩpsS PohnXw Ahn-SpsØ apºn¬ hbv°m≥,Aßs\ Pohn-XsØ Xs∂ ssZh-Øn-te-°p≈ Hcp hgn-bmbn am‰m≥, AXv \sΩ ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂p.73 am\p-jn-I-ambF√m hnImc-ßfpw ̀ wKn-bmbn ssZhØns‚ apºn¬ Ah-X-cn-∏n-°p-∂Xv Fß-s\-sb∂v k¶o¿Ø-\-ß-fn¬ \ap°vImWm-\m-Ipw; kt¥m-jhpw thZ-\-bpw, hnj-a-X-Ifpw

ssZ-h-h-N-\w


{]Xo-£-bpw, `bhpw A‘m-fn∏pw F√mw k¶o¿Ø-\-ß-fn¬ Bhn-jvI-cn-®n-´p-≠v. k¶o¿Ø-\-ß-tfm-sSm∏wam≤y-ÿ-{]m¿∞-\-bn-eqsS ssZh-Øn-te°v Xncn-bp-∂XvBhn-jvI-cn-®n-´p≈ `mK-ßƒ thsdbpw hnip-≤-en-Jn-X-Øn¬ D≠v (cf.]p-d. 33:12-̨ 16). hnP-b-Øn¬ BÀm-Zn-°p∂Km\-ßƒ (cf. ]p-d. 15), \ΩpsS ZuXyw \nd-th-‰p-∂-Xn¬A\p-`-h-s∏-Sp∂ hnj-a-X-Iƒ kw_-‘n® ZpxJØns‚{]I-S\w (cf. sP-sd. 20:7,18) CsX√mw hnip-≤-{K-Ÿ-Øn¬hnh-cn-®n-́ p-≠v. Cßs\ \mw ssZh-tØmSv ]d-bp∂ hm°p-Iƒ ssZh-Øns‚ hN-\-ßfm-bn-Øo-cp-∂p. Aßs\ F√mss{IkvXh shfn-]m-Sn -s‚bpw kwhm-ZI kz`mhw(dialogical nature) ho≠pw Dd-∏m-Ip-∂p.74 Aßs\ \ΩpsSPohnXw apgp-h\pw kwkm-cn-°p-Ibpw \mw ]d-bp-∂Xv{i≤n-®p-tIƒ°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂, \sΩ hnfn-°p-Ibpw\ΩpsS Pohn-X-Øn\p Znim-t_m[w \¬Ip-Ibpw sNøp∂ssZh-hp-am-bp≈ Hcp kw`m-j-W-am-bn-Øo-cp∂p. \ΩpsSPohnXw apgp-h\pw ssZh-Øns‚ hnfn°v hnt[-b-am-sW∂vssZh-h-N\w shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂p.75

ssZh-h-N-\hpw hnizm-khpw

25. ""kzbw shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp∂ ssZh-tØmSv \ap-°p≈{]Xn-I-cWw "hnizm-k-Ønep≈ A\p-k-c-W-Øn-t‚'-Xm-bn-cn-°Ww (tdm-am. 16:26; tdmam 1:5; 2 tImdn. 10:5˛6). hnizm-k-Øn-eqsS Hcmƒ Xs∂ ]q¿Æ-ambpw kzX-{¥ambnssZh-Øn\p Gev]n-®p-sIm-Sp-°p-∂p. shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp∂ssZh-Øn\p Xs‚ {]⁄bpw C—m-i-‡nbpw ]q¿Æ-ambpw hnt[-b-am-°p-∂p. ssZhw \¬Inb shfn-]mSv]q¿Æ-a-\-t msS kzoI-cn-°p-∂p.''76 ssZh-tØmSv \mwkzoI-cn-t°≠ \ne-]mSv kw_-‘n®v ssZh-h-N\w F∂{]amW-tcJ \¬Ip∂ IrXy-amb hnh-c-W-amWv CXv.kwkm-cn-°p∂ ssZh-Øn\v a\p-jy≥ \¬tI≠ icn-bmb{]Xn-I-cWw hnizm-k-amWv. ""hnip≤ enJn-X-ß-fn¬ AS-

55

ßn-bn-cn-°p∂ ssZh-h-N\w {Kln-°p-∂-Xn\p \sΩ i‡-cm-°p∂ ]cn-ip-≤m-cq-]n-bpsS {]h¿Ø-\-ßƒ°v a\ pwlrZ-bhpw Xpd-∂p-sIm-Sp-sØ¶n¬ am{Xta shfn-]mSvkzoI-cn-°m≥ Ignbq'' F∂v hy‡-ambn \mw ImWp∂p.77

ssZh-h-N\w {]kw-Kn-°p-∂-Xp-h-gn-bmWv hnizmkw D≠m-Ip-I. AXn-eqsS shfn-s∏-Sp-Ø-s∏´ kXyw \mw lrZ-b-]q¿Δw AwKo-I-cn-°p-I-bpw Aßs\ \mw ]q¿Æ-ambpw{InkvXp-hn\v kzbw Gev]n-®p-sIm-Sp-°p-Ibpw sNøp∂p,{InkvXp-hn-t\mSv {]Xn-_-≤X {]Jym-]n-°p-∂p: ""hnizmkwtIƒhn-bn¬\n-∂pw, tIƒhn {InkvXp-hn-s\-∏-‰n-bp≈{]kw-K-Øn¬\n-∂p-amWv'' (tdm-am. 10:17). hN-\hpw{InkvXp-hp-am-bp≈ I≠p-ap-´-en¬\n-∂p-≠m-Ip∂ hnizm-khpw XΩn-ep≈ Bg-ta-dnb _‘-Øn\v c£m-IcNcn{Xw apgp-h≥ ]Sn-]-Sn-bmbn km£yw-h-ln-°p-∂p. \mw\ΩpsS PohnXw apgp-h≥ Gev]n-®p-sIm-Sp-°p∂ Hcphy‡n-bp-am-bp≈ I≠p-ap-´-en¬\n-∂mWv hnizmkw Dcp--Øn-cn-bp-∂-Xv. Xs‚ ico-c-am-Ip∂ k -̀bn¬ tbip-{InkvXpC∂pw Ncn-{X-Øn¬ k∂n-ln-X-\m-Wv. Aßs\ \ΩpsShnizm-k-{]-I-cWw Htc-k-abw hy‡n]chpw k`m-_-≤hpw BWv.

]m]w ssZh-h-N\w {ihn-°p∂-Xn-\p≈ hnap-JXF∂ \ne-bn¬

26. \mw kr„n-°-s∏-´n-cn-°p-∂Xv ssZh-hp-ambn DS-º-Sn-bp-≠m°p∂ kwhm-Z-Øn-\m-bn-´m-Wv. Cu kwhm-Z-Øn¬\n∂v a\p-jys‚ kzmX-{¥y-Øn\p ]n≥hm-ßm≥Ignbpw F∂ Zpc-¥km≤yXbpw ssZh-h-N\w A\n-hm-cy-am-bn-Øs∂ shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂p. a\p-jys‚ lrZ-b-Øn¬ Hfn-™p-In-S-°p∂ ]m]-sØbpw ssZh-h-N\w shfn-s∏-SpØp∂p. ]g-b-\n-b-a-Ønepw ]pXnb \nb-a-Ønepw]m]-sØ-∏‰n ]d-bp∂Xv hN\w tIƒ°m≥ hnk-Ω-Xn-°p-∂-Xm-Wv, DS-ºSn ewLn-°p-∂-XmWv ]m]w F∂-t{X.

ssZ-h-h-N-\w


ssZh-hp-ambn´p≈ sFIy-Øn-te-°p≈ £Ww Ah-K-Wn-®v, ssZhw {]th-in-°msX lrZ-b-Øns‚ hmXn-e-S-bv°p-∂-XmWv ]m]w.78 a\p-jys‚ ]m]w ASn-ÿm-\-]-c-ambn A\p-k-cWw C√m-bvabpw tIƒ°m≥ hnk-Ω-Xn-°epw BsW∂v hnip-≤-en-Jn-X-ßƒ ImWn-®p-X-cp-∂p.Ipcn-ip-a-c-Ww-h-scbpw \ne-\n∂ tbip-hns‚ kºq¿Æ-amb A\p-k-cWw (cf. ^nen. 2:8) Cu ]m]-Øns‚ apJw-aqSn FSp-Øp-am-‰p-∂p. Ahn-SpsØ A\p-k-cWw ssZhhpwa\p-jy\pw XΩn-¬ ]pXnb DS-ºSn D≠m-°p-∂p. Aßs\\ap°v A\p-c-RvP-\-s∏-Sm-\p≈ km≤yX kr„n-°p-∂p.\ΩpsSbpw temIw apgp -h -s‚bpw ]m]-ßƒ°p-th≠nbp≈ Hcp ]cn-lm-c-_-en-bm-Im-\mWv ]nXmhv tbip-hns\ Ab-®Xv (cf. 1 tbml 2:2; 4:10; sl{_m. 7:27).Aßs\, hos≠-Sp-°-s∏-Sm-\p≈ km≤yX Zbm-]q¿Δw\ap°v \¬I-s∏-´n-cn-°p-∂p, {InkvXp-hn¬ ]pXnb HcpPohnXw Bcw-̀ n-°m-\p≈ km≤y-X. I¿Øm-hns‚ hN\wtIƒ°m≥ hnk-Ω-Xn-°p-∂-Xn-emWv ]m]-Øns‚ thcvHmSn-bn-cn-°p-∂Xv F∂p Xncn-®-dn-bm≥ hnizm-kn-Isf ]Tn-∏n-t°-≠-Xns‚ {]m[m\yw Chn-sS-bmWv ImWp-∂-Xv.ssZh-h-N-\-amb tbip-hn¬ \nXy-c-£-bn-te°v hmXn¬Xp-d-°p∂ am∏v, ]m]-ß-fpsS s]mdpXn kzoI-cn-°m\pw hnizm-kn-Isf ]Tn-∏n-t°-≠-Xp-≠v.

adnbw ""ssZh-h-N-\-Øns‚bpw'' ''hnizm-k-Øn-s‚bpw'' amXmhv

27. ""ssZh-h-N-\-Øn¬ k`-bv°p≈ hnizmkw \ho-I-cn-°pI'' F∂-XmWv ]{¥≠mw ktΩ-f-\-Øns‚ ASn-ÿm-\-]-c-amb e£yw F∂v kn\Uv ]nXm-°-∑m¿ {]Jym-]n-®p. Cu e£yw t\Sp-∂-Xn\v, ssZh-h-N-\hpw hnizm-khpw XΩn-ep≈ ]c-kv]-c-{]-h¿Ø\w ]cn-]q¿Æ-X-bn-se-Øn-bn-´p≈ I\y-Im-a-dn-bsØ \mw \nco-£n-°-Ww.""DS-º-Sn-bpsS hN-\-tØmSpw Xs‚ ZuXy-tØmSpw kΩ-

57

Xw-aq-fnb adnbw a\p-jy-h¿§-Øns‚ ssZh-hnfn ]q¿Æ-ambpw ]q¿Øn-bm-°n-b-h-fm-Wv.''79 hN-\-Øn-eqsS kr„n-°-s∏´ a\p-jy-s\∂ bmYm¿∞yw AXns‚ G‰w ]cn-]q¿Æ-amb {]Xn-—mb ImWp-∂Xv adn-b-Øns‚ A\p-k-c-W-tØm-Sp-Iq-Snb hnizm-k-Øn-em-Wv. awK-e-hm¿Ø-sXm v́s]¥-t°m-kvXm-hsc ssZh-Xn-cp-a-\- n\p ]q¿Æ-ambpwXs∂-Øs∂ Xpd-∂p-sIm-SpØ Hcp kv{Xobmbn adnbwImW-s∏-Sp-∂p. Ahƒ Aa-tem-¤-h-bmWv; ssZhw Ahsf"\∑-\n-d-™-hƒ' B°n (cf. eq°m 1:28). \ncp-]m-[nIwAhƒ ssZh-Øns‚ hN-\-Øn-\p-hn-t[-b-bm-Ip-∂p. (cf.eq°m 1:38). ssZh-Øns‚ ]≤-Xn-bn¬ Hmtcm \nan-jhpwAh-fpsS Pohn-XsØ cq]-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂Xv Ah-fpsS A\p-k-c-Wm-]q¿Δ-amb hnizm-k-am-Wv. kZmka-bhpw ssZh-h-N\w {i≤m-]q¿Δw tIƒ°p∂ Hcp I\y-I. Ah-fpsSPohnXw Ft∏mgpw hN-\-hp-ambn s]mcp-Ø-s∏-Sp-∂-Xm-Wv,kzc-ebw \ne-\n¿Øp-∂-Xm-Wv. Xs‚ ]p{X-\p-ambn _‘-s∏´ kw -̀h-ßƒ Ahƒ Xs‚ lrZ-b-Øn¬ \n[n-t]msekq£n-®p. Hcp \m\m-h¿Æ Nn{X-Ønse hnhn[ ̀ mK-ßƒ-t]mse Ahsb Ahƒ Iq´n-bn-W°n (cf. eq°m 2:19,51).80

\k-d-Ønse adnbw ssZh-h-N\w hniz-kvX-X-tbmsStIƒ°p-∂p. CXv kr„n-°p∂ _‘w IqSp-X¬ hy‡-ambn ImWm≥ \ΩpsS Ime-L-´-Ønse hnizm-kn-Isfklm-bn-t°-≠-Xp-≠v. "acn-b≥im-kv{Xhpw hN-\-Øns‚ssZh-im-kv{Xhpw' XΩn-ep≈ _‘-sØ-∏‰n ]T\w \S-Øm≥ ]WvUn-X-∑msc t{]m’m-ln-∏n-°p-hm≥ Rm≥B{K-ln-°p-∂p. Bflo-b-Po-hn-X-Øn\pw ssZh-im-kv{X˛hnip-≤-{K-Ÿ-]-T-\-ßƒ°pw CXv hfsc {]tbm-P-\-I-c-am-bn-cn-°pw. adn-b-sØ-∏‰n hnizm-k-Øns‚ shfn-®-Øn¬ \ap°v Adn-bm≥ Ign-™n-´p-≈Xv ss{IkvXhkXy-Øns‚ ImX-emb ̀ mK-am-Wv. A\-¥-Imew apX-ep≈ssZhw Ime-Øn¬ {]th-in-°p-∂Xv a\- n-em-I-W-sa-¶n¬;Xs‚ kΩ-Xw-hgn \n¿Æm-b-I-amw-hn[w CXn-t\mSv kl-

ssZ-h-h-N-\w


I-cn® Hcp bph-Xn-bpsS kzmX{¥yw IW-°n-se-Sp-°-Ww.B kzmX-{¥y-Øn-eqsS A√msX hN-\-Øns‚ a\pjymh-Xmcw a\- n-em-°m≥ Ign-bn-√. X∂n¬ amwkw [cn®ssZh-h-N\w {i≤m-]q¿Δw tIƒ°p∂ k`-bpsS {]Xn-—m-b-bmWv adn-bw. ssZh-tØmSpw a‰p-≈-h-tcmSpw Xpd∂a\-t msS CS-s]-Sp-∂-Xns‚ {]Xo-Ihpw adn-bw-X-s∂.Ahƒ tIƒ°p-∂Xv B¥-co-I-cn-°p-Ibpw kzmwio-I-cn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂p. kPo-h-amb {ihWw; CØcw {ih-W-Øn¬ hN\w Hcp PohnX ssien-bm-bn-Øo-cp-∂p.

28. ChnsS adn-b-Øn\p ssZh-h-N-\-hp-am-bp≈ ASp-∏-sØ-∏‰n ]d-bm≥ Rm≥ B{K-ln-°p-∂p. "adn-b-Øns‚kvtXm{X-Ko-X-Øn¬'(Magnificat) CXv XnI®pw hy‡-am-Ip-∂p-≠v. ssZh-h-N-\-hp-ambn Ahƒ Fßs\ A\p-cq-]-bm-Ip-∂p, XmZmflyw {]m]n-°p-∂p, hN-\-Øns‚ D≈n-te°v Fßs\ IS-°p∂p F∂v ChnsS \ap°v ImWm≥Ign-bpw. hnizm-k-Øns‚ A¤p-X-s∏-Sp-Øp∂ Cu KoX-Øn¬ I\yI I¿Øm-hns‚ A]-Zm-\-ßƒ Ahn-SpsØhm°p-I-fn¬Xs∂ Be-]n-°p-∂p. ""adn-b-Øns‚ Bflm-hns‚ Ombm-Nn{Xw F∂v ]d-bm-hp∂ "kvt{Xm{X-KoXw'apgp-h\pw hnip-≤-en-Jn-X-ß-fn¬ \ns∂-Sp-Øn-´p≈ ]Zm-h-en-IƒsIm≠v hncNn-X-am-Wv. ssZh-h-N\w Ahƒ°vF{X kp]-cn-Nn-X-am-sW∂v \ap°v ChnsS ImWm≥ Ign-bpw. \njv{]-bmkw enJn-X-ß-fn-te°v adnbw IS-∂p-sN-√p-∂p, Ahn-sS-\n∂v aS-ßn-h-cp-∂p. ssZh-h-N\w D]-tbm-Kn®v adnbw Nn¥n-°p-Ibpw kwkm-cn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂p.ssZh-h-N\w Ah-fpsS hN-\-am-bn-Øo-cp-∂p. ssZh-h-N-\-Øn¬\n-∂mWv Ah-fpsS hm°p-Iƒ ]pd-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv. Ah-fpsS Nn¥-Iƒ ssZh-Øns‚ Nn¥-I-fp-ambn Fßs\A\p-cq-]-am-bn-cn-°p-∂p, XmZmflyw {]m]n-®n-cn-°p-∂p, F∂v\ap°v ChnsS ImWmw. AXp-t]mse Ah-fpsS a\ pwssZh-Øns‚ Xncp-a-\ pw H∂m-bn-Øo-cp-∂Xv Fß-s\-sb∂pw. adnbw ]q¿Æ-ambpw ssZh-h-N\w kzmwio-I-cn-

59

®n-cn-°p-∂-Xp-sIm≠v a\p-jym-h-Xmcw sNbvX hN-\-Øns‚ AΩ-bm-Im≥ Ahƒ°v Ign-™p.''81

ssZh-Øns‚ AΩ-sb-∏‰n Nn¥n-°p-tºmƒ, ssZhwtemIØv {]h¿Øn-°p-tºmƒ \ΩpsS kzmX-{¥ysØAhn-Sp∂v Fßs\ am\n-°p∂p F∂v ImWm≥ Ign-bpw.hnizm-k-Øn-eqsS ssZh-h-N\w \sΩ cq]m-¥-c-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂p. \Ωn¬ ssZhw \S-Øp∂ B¥-cn-I-{]-h¿Ø-\w-hgnFß-s\-bmWv \mw cq]m-¥cw {]m]n-°p-∂Xv F∂v adnb-Øn¬\n∂v \mw ]Tn-°p-∂n-√m-sb-¶n¬ \ΩpsS A∏-kvtXm-en-Ihpw AP-]m-e-\-]-c-hp-amb {]h¿Ø-\-ßƒ^e-{]-Z-am-Ip-I-bn-√. ""adn-bsØ Xncp-k-`-bpsS hnizm-k-Øns‚ amXr-Ibpw {]Xn-cq]hpambn ̀ ‡n-tbmSpw kvt\l-]q¿Δhpw t\m°n-°m-Wp-I-sb-∂Xv ]c-a-{]-[m-\-am-Wv.\ΩpsS Ime-L-́ -Øn¬ k`bv°v temI-hp-am-bp≈ _‘-Øn¬ auen-I-amb am‰w hcp-Øp-∂-Xn¬ CXn\v AXn-{]-[m-\amb Hcp ]¶v hln-°m-\p-≠v. {]m¿∞-\m-]q¿Δw hN-\w tI´v AXv {]N-cn-∏n-°p-hm\pw {]tLm-jn-°p-hm\pwBh-iy-amb {]Xn-_-≤X D≠m-Ip-∂-Xn\pw CXm-h-iy-am-Wv.''82

ssZh-h-N\w ]q¿Æ-ambpw cq]w \¬Inb ssZh-am-Xm-hn-s\-∏‰n \mw [ym\n°ptºmƒ hnizm-k-Øns‚ cl-ky-Øn-te°v {]th-in-°p-hm≥ \mapw hnfn-°-s∏-´n-cn-°p-∂p-sh∂v \mw Xncn-®-dn-bpw. hnizm-k-Øns‚ cl-ky-Øn-eq-sS-bmWv {InkvXp \ΩpsS Pohn-X-Øn¬ hmkw sNøp∂-∂-Xv. hnip≤ Awt{_mkv ]d-bp-∂-Xv, Hmtcm ss{IkvX-h-hn-izm-knbpw B¥-cn-I-ambn ssZh-h-N-\sØ K¿`w [cn-°p-Ibpw {]k-hn-°p-Ibpw sNøp∂p F∂m-Wv. ico-cØn¬ Hc-Ωtb {InkvXp-hn\v D≈q F¶nepw hnizm-kw-hgn {InkvXp \Ωp-sS-sb√mw k¥-Xn-bm-Wv.83 Aßs\adn-b-Øn\p kw`-hn-®Xv hN\w {ihn-°p-Ibpw IqZm-i-Ifn¬ kw_-‘n°pI-bpw- sNøp-∂Xphgn Znh-khpw\mtam-tcm-cp-Ø-cnepw kw`-hn-°m\n-S-bmIpw.

ssZ-h-h-N-\w


Xncp-k-`-bn¬ hnip-≤-en-Jn-X-ßfpsS hymJym-\w

k`, hnip-≤-{KŸkw_-‘-amb hymJym-\-ßƒ-°p≈ {]mY-anI thZn F∂ \ne-bn¬

29. kn\-Un¬ N¿® sNø-s∏´ thsdmcp kp{]-[m\hnj-b-Øn-te°v \nß-fpsS {i≤ £Wn-°m≥ Rm≥B{K-ln-°p∂p — hnip-≤-en-Jn-X-ß-fpsS hymJym\w k -̀bn¬ F∂-XmWv B {]ta-bw. hN-\hpw hnizm-khpw XΩn-ep≈ B¥-cn-I-amb _‘w hy‡-am-°p-∂Xv hnip-≤-{K-ŸsØ B[n-Im-cn-I-ambn hymJym-\n-°p-hm≥ k`-bpsShnizm-k-Øns‚ N´-°q-Snte Ignbq F∂m-Wv. CXn-\p≈amXrI adn-b-Øns‚ kΩ-XØnem-Wv ('fiat'). hnizm-k-an-s√-¶n¬ hnip-≤-en-Jn-X-ßƒ Xpd-°m-\p≈ Xmt°m-sem∂pw e`y-a-s√∂v hnip≤ s_m\-sh-¥qcm ]d-bp-∂p.""hnip-≤-en-Jn-X-ßƒ kw_-‘n® F√m Adnhpw Dd∏pwHcp Acp-hn-bn¬\n∂v F∂t]mse tbip-{In-kvXp-hn¬\n-∂mWv Hgp-In-h-cp-∂-Xv. Cu tbip-{In-kvXp-hns\ Adn-bp-∂Xv hnip-≤-en-Jn-X-ßfneq-sS-bm-Wv. Hcmƒ°v {InkvXp-hn¬ ASn-bp-d® hnizm-k-an-s√-¶n¬ kXyw Is≠-Øp-hm≥Abmƒ°v km[y-ta-b-√. hnizm-kw, {InkvXp-hn-ep≈hnizm-kw, Hcp hnf-°m-Wv. hnip-≤-en-Jn-X-ß-fn-te-°p≈Ihm-Shpw Ah-bpsS ASn-Ø-d-bp-amWv AXv.''84 hnip≤BKkvXn-t\m-kns\ D≤-cn-®p-sIm≠v hnip≤ tXmakvAIzo-\mkv ]d-bp-∂p: ""A£-cw, AXv kphn-ti-j-Øn¬-\n∂v FSp-Ø-Xm-bmepw AXn¬ kuJy-Zm-b-I-amb hnizm-k-Øns‚ B¥-cn-I-hcw Cs√-¶n¬, AXv sIm√p-∂-Xm-bn-cn-°pw.''85

ss__nƒ hymJym-\-Øn-\p≈ Hcp ASnÿm\ am\-ZWvUw ChnsS Nq≠n°m-´m≥ Ignbpw: Xncp-k-`-bpsSPohn-X-amWv hnip-≤-{KŸ hymJym-\-Øn-\p≈ {]mY-anI

61

thZn. hymJym-Xm-°ƒ AwKo-I-cn-t°≠ _mly-amb HcpN -́am-bn v́ k`m-]-c-amb kμ¿`sØ Db¿Øn-∏nSn-°p-I-b√ChnsS sNøp-∂Xv; t\tc-a-dn-®v, hnip-≤-en-Jn-X-ß-fpsSkz`m-h-Øn¬\n-∂p-Xs∂ Dcp-Øn-cn-bp∂ Hcp D]m-[n-bmWvCXv. {Iam-\p-K-X-ambn hnip≤ enJn-X-ßƒ D≠m-b-Xns‚kml-N-cyhpw ]cn-K-Wn-°p-tºm-gmWv Cu \n_-‘\ ]men-t°-≠n-h-cp-∂-Xv. ""hnip≤ enJn-X-ß-fpsS cN-bn-Xm-°ƒkmln-Xy-kr„n \S-Øn-bXv hnizmk ]mc-º-cy-ß-fpsSkPoh ]›m-Ø-e-Øn-em-Wv. Cu {KŸ-Im-c-∑m-cpsS Cukμ¿`-hp-am-bp≈ Cgp-In-t®-c¬ \S-∂Xv kaq-l-ß-fpsSBcm-[-\m-]-chpw _mlyhpamb Pohn-X-Ønse ]¶m-fn-Ø-Xn-eq-sS-bm-Wv. B kaq-l-ß-fpsS _u≤nI temI-Ønepw kwkvIm-c-Ønepw Ncn-{X-Øns‚ KXn-hn-K-Xn-I-fnepw Ch¿ ]¶m-fn-I-fm-bn-cp-∂p. AXp-t]m-se-Xs∂, Xß-fpsS Ime-L-´-Ønse hnizm-kn-I-fpsS kaq-l-Øns‚Pohn-X-Ønepw hnizm-k-Ønepw ]q¿Æ-ambn ]¶m-fn-I-fm-bn-s°m-≠p-am-{Xta hymJym-Xm-°ƒ°v hnip≤ enJn-X-ßsf icn-bmbn hymJym-\n-°m≥ Ign-bp-I-bp-≈p.''86 AXn-s‚ ^e-ambn ""GXv Acq-]n-bmemtWm hnip-≤-en-Jn-X-ßƒ cNn-°-s∏-´Xv AtX Acq-]n-bpsS shfn-®-Øn-em-IWw Ah hmbn-t°-≠Xpw hymJym-\n-t°-≠-Xpw.''87 hym-Jym-Xm-°fpw ssZh-im-kv{X-⁄cpw ssZh-P\w apgp-h\pwhnip-≤-en-Jn-X-ßsf kao-]n-t°-≠Xv am\p-jn-I-amb hm-°p-I-fn¬ Bhn-jvI-cn-®n-´p≈ ssZh-h-N-\-amWv AXv F-∂ t_m≤y-tØm-Sp-Iq-Sn-bm-I-Ww. hnip≤ enJn-X-ßƒ b-Ym¿∞-Øn¬ ssZh-h-N\w Xs∂-bmWv (cf. 1 sXk. 2:13).ss__n-fn¬Xs∂ Ft∏mgpw AS-ßn-bn-´p≈ Hcp XØz-amWv CXv. ""hnip-≤-en-Jn-X-Ønse {]h-N-\-ßƒ Bcp-tSbpw kz¥-amb hymJym-\-Øn-\p-≈-X-√. F¥p-sIm-s≠-∂m¬ {]h-N-\-ßƒ Hcn-°epw am\p-jnI tNmZ-\-bn¬cq-]w sIm≠-X√; ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hn-\m¬ {]tNm-Zn-X-cmbnssZh-Øns‚ a\p-jy¿ kwkm-cn-®-XmWv'' (2 ]t{Xm.

ssZ-h-h-N-\w


1:20˛21). IqSmsX Xncp-k-`-bpsS hnizm-k-amWv hnip-≤-{K-Ÿ-Øn¬ ssZh-h-N-\sØ Xncn-®-dn-bp-∂-Xv. C°mcywhnip≤ BK-kvXo-t\mkv {]Jym-X-amb hm°p-I-fn¬]d™ph®n-´p-≠v: ""ItØm-en-°m-k-`-bpsS A[n-ImcwFt∂mSv ]d-™n-√m-bn-cp-∂p-sh-¶n¬ Rm≥ kphn-ti-j-Øn¬ hniz-kn-°p-am-bn-cp-∂n-√.''88 Xncp-k-`bv°v Poh≥\¬Ip∂ ]cn-ip-≤m-cq]n hnip≤ enJn-X-ßsf B[n-Im-cn -I-ambn hymJym-\n -°m≥ \sΩ i‡-cm-°p-∂p.ss__nƒ Xncp-k-`-bpsS {KŸ-am-Wv. k`-bpsS Pohn-X-Øn¬ ss__n-fn-\p≈ k¿Δ-{]-[m-\-amb ÿm\wAXns‚ icn-bmb hymJym-\-Øn\v If-sam-cp-°p-∂p.

30. \ap°v Hcn-°epw kz¥w \ne-bn¬ hnip-≤-en-Jn-X-ßƒ hmbn-°m-\m-In√ F∂ hkvXpX hnip≤ sPtdmwHm¿Ωn-∏n-°p-∂p. AS-®n-´n-cn-°p∂ At\Iw hmXnep-IƒImWpw; hfsc Ffp-∏-Øn¬ \mw sX‰n-te°v hgp-Xn-hogmw.]cn-ip-≤m-cq-]n-bpsS {]tNm-Z-\-Øn¬ ssZh-P\w ssZh-P-\-Øn-\mbn Fgp-Xn-b-XmWv ss__nƒ. ssZh-P-\-hp-am-bp≈ Iq´m-bva-bn¬ am{Xta ssZhw \sΩ Adn-bn-°m≥B{K-ln-°p∂ kXy-Øns‚ lrZ-b-Øn-te°v "\mw' HcpkwL-ambn bYm¿∞-Øn¬ IS-∂p-sN-√m≥ Ign-bq.89 ""hn-ip-≤-en-Jn-X-ßsf°p-dn-®p≈ A⁄X {InkvXp-hn-s\-°pdn-®p≈ A⁄X-X-s∂-bmWv''90 F∂p Icp-Xn-bn-cp∂hnip≤ sPtdmw ]d-bp-∂-Xv, "ssZh-h-N\w hymJym-\n-°p-∂-Xn¬ k`-bp-tS-Xmb Hcp am\-ap-s≠-∂-Xv, _mly-ambnG¿s∏-Sp-Ønb Hcp \n_-‘-\-b√' F∂mWv. Xo¿∞m-S-\-Øn¬ G¿s∏-´n-cn-°p∂ ssZh-P-\-Øns‚ kzcw-X-s∂-bmWv hnip-≤-{KŸw; Cu P\-Øns‚ hnizm-k-Øn¬\n-∂p-sImt≠ hnip-≤-en-Jn-X-ßƒ a\- n-em-°m-\p≈ am\-knI s]mcpØw \ap-°p-≠m-Iq. ss__n-fns‚ B[n-Im-cn-I-amb GXp hymJym-\hpw ItØm-en-°m-k-`-bpsShnizm-k-hp-ambn s]mcp-Ø-ap-≈-Xm-bn-cn-°-Ww. At±lwHcp sshZn-I\v Cßs\ Fgp-Xn: ""Xm¶sf ]Tn-∏n-®n-´p≈

63

]c-º-cm-KX {]t_m-[-\-Øn¬ Dd-®p-\n¬°pI; Aßs\icn-bmb hnizmkw P\-ß-tfmSv {]tLm-jn-°m≥Xm¶ƒ°v Ignbpw; B hnizmkw \ntj-[n-°p-∂-hschmZn®p tXmev]n-°p-hm\pw Xm¶ƒ°v km[n-°pw.''91

hnizm-ksØ am‰n-\n¿Øn-s°m≠v hnip-≤-en-Jn-X-ßsf kao-]n-°p-∂Xv Hcp-]t£ {KŸ-̀ m-K-Øns‚ LS\kw_-‘n®pw cq]w kw_-‘n®pw ck-I-c-amb hkvXp-X-Iƒ e`y-am-°n-tb-°mw. F∂m¬ Ah Xo¿®-bmbpw {]mY-an-Ihpw LS-\m]-c-ambn A]q¿Æhpamb DZy-a-ß-fm-bn-cn-°pw. B[p-\nI ssZh-h-N-\-̨ -hym-Jym-\-̨ -kn-≤m-¥-ØnseAwKo-Ir-X-amb Hcp XØzsØ A\p-kva-cn-∏n-®p-sIm≠vs]m¥n-^n-°¬ _nªn°¬ IΩo-j≥ C{]-Imcw ]d-bp∂p: ""Pohn-Xm-\p-`-h-ß-fpsS ASn-ÿm-\-Øn¬ ]mT-`m-K-Øn¬ ]d-bp∂ Imcy-ß-tfmSv B`n-ap-Jy-ap≈ Hcmƒ°p-am-{Xta hnip-≤-en-Jn-X-`m-K-ßsf icn°v a\- n-em-°m≥Ign-bp-I-bp-≈q.''92 BflobPohn-Xhpw hnip-≤-en-JnXhymJym-\hpw XΩn-ep≈ _‘w IqSp-X¬ hy‡-am-°p-∂-XmWv taev∏-d™ Imcy-ß-sf-√mw. ""A\p-hm-N-I≥Acq-]n-bpsS Poh-\n¬ ]Iz-X-{]m-]n°pwtXmdpw ss_-_nƒ GXv bmYm¿∞y-ßsf∏‰n-bmtWm ]d-bp-∂Xv Aha\- n-em-°m-\p≈ Ignhpw h¿≤n-°pw.''93 hnip-≤-en-Jn-X-ßsf kw_-‘n-®n-S-tØmfw k`m-]-c-amb bYm¿∞A\p-`-h-Øns‚ Xo{hX hnizm-k-Øn-e-[n-jvTn-X-ambbYm¿∞ Adn-hns‚ hf¿®-bn-te°v Xo¿®-bmbpw \bn-°pw. AXp-t]m-se-X-s∂, hnizm-k-]q¿Δw hnip-≤-{KŸwhmbn-°p-∂Xv k`m-]-c-amb Pohn-X-Øns‚ hf¿®bv°pwD]-I-cn-°pw. alm-\mb hnip≤ {KnKdn ]d-™Xv F{Xicn-bm-sW∂v ChnsS Hcn-°¬°qSn \ap°v ImWm≥ Ign-bpw: ""ssZh-h-N\hpw AXv hmbn-°p-∂-h-tcm-sSm∏w hf-cp-∂p.''94 ssZh-h-N\w {ihn-°p-∂Xv hnizm-k-Øn¬ Ncn-°p∂ F√m-h-cp-am-bp≈ k`-bnse Iq´mbva XpS-ßn-h-bv°p-Ibpw AXns\ h¿≤n-∏n-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂p.

ssZ-h-h-N-\w


""]mh-\-amb ssZh-im-kv{X-Øns‚ Bflmhv''

31. ""hnip-≤-en-Jn-X-ßƒ ]Tn-°p-I-sb-∂Xv ssZh-im-kv{X-Øns‚ Bflm-hp-X-s∂-bm-bn-cn-°Ww.''95 "ssZh-h-N\w' F∂ {]amW-tc-J-bn¬ \ns∂-Sp-Øn-´p≈ Cu D≤-cWn Ipsd h¿j-ß-fmbn Gsd ]cn-Nn-X-am-bn-́ p-≠v. c≠mwhØn-°m≥ Iu¨kn-en-\p-ti-j-ap≈ Ime-L-´-Øn¬ssZh-im-kv{X-]-WvUn-X-∑mcpw hnip-≤-{KŸ hymJym-Xm-°fpw hnip-≤-en-Jn-X-ß-fn¬ ]pXp-Xmbn ImW-s∏-Sp∂XmXv]-cy-Øns‚ {]Xo-I-ambn Cu D≤-c-Wnsb IqsS-°qsSNq≠n-°m-´n-bn-cp-∂p. Ncn-{X-kw-_-‘-amb Kth-j-Whpwhnizm-k-kw-_-‘-amb hnip-≤-{KŸ hymJym-\hpw XΩn-ep≈ _‘w hy‡-am-°p-∂-Xn\v sa{Xm-∑m-cpsS kn\-Uns‚ ]{¥≠mw ktΩ-f-\hpw ASn-°Sn {]i-kvX-ambCu {]tbmKw {]tbm-P-\-s∏-Sp-Øn. C°-gn™ Zi-I-ß-fn¬ k -̀bn¬ ssZh-h-N\ ]T\w h¿≤n-®n-́ p-s≠∂v kq\-l-tZmkv ]nXm-°-∑m¿ kk-t¥mjw AwKo-I-cn-®p.\ΩpsS Ime-L-́ -Øn¬ hnip-≤-{KŸ ]T-\-Øn¬ k¶o¿-Æ-amb hnhn[ {]iv\-ßƒ ssIImcyw sNtø-≠-Xp-≠v.Cu DZy-a-Øn¬ At\Iw hnip≤enJnX hymJym-Xm-°fpwssZh-im-kv{X-⁄-∑mcpw ka¿∏-W-_p-≤n-tbmSpw {]Xn-_-≤-X-tbmSpw anI-thm-Spw-IqSn {]h¿Øn-®-Xn\v ]nXm-°-∑m¿ Ah-tcmSv lrZ-b-\n¿`-c-amb IrX-⁄X {]I-Sn-∏n-®p. Ah-cpsS ]cn-{i-a-^-e-ambn hnip-≤-en-Jn-X-ß-fpsSA¿∞w IqSp-X¬ Bg-Øn¬ {Kln-°m≥ kwK-Xn-bm-bn-´p-≠v.96 s]m¥n-^n-°¬ _nªn-°¬ IΩo-j-\n¬ ap≥Im-e-ß-fnepw h¿Ø-am-\-Im-eØpw {]h¿Øn-®n-´p≈ AwK-ß-tfmSpw ]nXm-°-∑m¿ Bflm¿∞-amb IrX-⁄X {]I-Sn-∏n-®p. IΩo-j≥ AwK-ßƒ hnizmk Xncp-kw-L-hp-ambnASpØp kl-I-cn®v hnip-≤-en-Jn-X- ]T\ß-fn¬ I≠p-ap-´p∂ Nne {]tXyI {]iv\-ßƒ ]cn-tim-[n-°p-∂-Xn\vAh-cpsS khn-ti-j-amb ]cn-⁄m\w e`yam-°n-bn-cp∂p;AXv XpS-cp-Ibpw sNøp-∂p. ss__nƒ ]T-\-ß-fpsS

65

Ct∏m-gsØ ÿnXnbpw ssZh-imkv{XØns‚ taJ-e-bn¬Ah-bv°p≈ ÿm\hpw ]cn-tim-[n-t°-≠Xv Bh-iy-am-sW∂pw kn\Uv Icp-Xn. Xncp-k-`-bpsS {]h¿Ø-\-ßƒAP-]m-e-\-Øn¬ F{X-am{Xw ̂ e-{]-Z-am-sW-∂Xpw hnizm-kn-I-fpsS Bflo-b-Po-hn-XsØ AXv Fßs\ kzm[o-\n-°p∂p F∂Xpw \s√m-c-f-hn¬ hnip-≤-en-JnX hymJym-\hpw ssZh-im-kv{Xhpw XΩn-ep≈ _‘sØ B{i-bn-®mWv \ne-sIm-≈p-∂-Xv. C°m-c-W-Øm¬, kn\Uv ktΩ-f-\-ß-fn¬ Cu hnjbw kw_-‘n®v \S∂ N¿®-I-fn¬Db¿∂ph∂ Nne hnNn-¥-\-ß-sf-∏‰n {]Xn-]m-Zn-°p-∂Xv{]m[m-\y-a¿ln-°p∂p F∂v Rm≥ Icp-Xp-∂p.

ss__nƒ ]T-\-ß-fpsS ]ptcm-K-Xnbpw k -̀bpsS{]t_m-[-\m-[n-Im-chpw

32. Ncn-{X-]-chpw hna¿i-\m-fl-I-hp-amb hnip-≤-en-JnXhymJym-\hpw ASp-Ø-Im-eØv hnI-kn-∏n-s®-Sp-Øn-´p≈{KŸ-]mT A]-{K-Y-\-co-Xn-Ifpw k`m-Po-hn-X-Øn¬ D≠m-°n-bn-´p≈ {]tbm-P-\-ßƒ BZy-ta-Xs∂ \mw AwKo-I-cn-t°-≠-Xp-≠v.97 hnip≤ enJn-X-ßsf ItØm-en-°mk-`-bpsS ImgvN-∏m-Sn-eqsS a\- n-em-°p-∂-Xn\v Cß-s\-bp≈ kwhn-[m-\-ß-fn¬ {i≤-sN-ep-Øp-I-sb-∂Xv A\p-t]-£-Wo-b-am-Wv. Imc-Ww, a\p-jym-h-Xm-c-Øns‚bmYm¿∞y-t_m-[-hp-ambn _‘-s∏-́ -XmWv CXv: ""tbml-∂ms‚ kphn-tijw 1:14-̨ ¬ ImWp∂ "hN\w amwk-ambn'F∂ ss{IkvXh XØz-Øn¬ \n∂mhn¿ -̀hn°p∂-XmWvCu Bh-iy-I-X. ss{IkvX-h-hn-izm-k-Øns‚ Hcp ASn-ÿm-\-L-SIhpw am\-hp-amWv Cu Ncn{X hkvXp-X. c£m-I-c-N-cn{Xw Hcp ]pcm-W-I-Y-b√; AXv bYm¿∞- Ncn-{X-amWv. Ncn-{X-ambn AXv ]Tn-t°-≠Xpw Kuc-h-]q¿Δw \S-Øp∂ Ncn{X Kth-j-W-Øns‚ coXn-Iƒ CXn\v {]tbm-P-\-s∏-Sp-tØ-≠-Xpw Bhiy-am-Wv.''98 At\z-j-W-Øn-\p≈ Cu am¿§-ßfpw Ah Fßs\ {]tbm-Kn-°-W-

ssZ-h-h-N-\w


sa∂pw Adn-™n-cn-°p-∂Xv ss__nƒ ]T-\-Øn\v Bh-iy-am-Wv. B[p-\nI Ime-L-́ -Øn¬ ]T-\-Øn-s‚bpw Kth-j-W-Øn-s‚bpw {]m[m\yw ]WvUn-X-∑m¿ IqSp-X-embna\- n-em-°n-bn-´p-≠v F∂Xv Hcp hkvXp-X-bm-Wv. F√mtaJ-e-I-fnepw CXv kw`-hn-®n-´p-s≠∂v ]d-bm-\m-In-s√-¶nepw; Btcm-Ky-I-c-amb k`m-]m-c-ºcyw ]mT-̀ m-K-ß-fpsS""A£-cm¿∞w'' {Kln-°p-∂-Xn-\p≈ XmXv]cyw Ft∏mgpw{]I-S-am-°n-bn-́ p-≠v. ChnsS bqtdm-]y≥ kwkvIm-c-Øns‚G‰w i‡-amb ASn-Ø-d-bmb B{ia kwkvIm-csØ(monastic culture)A\p-kva-cn-t°-≠-Xp≠v; Cu kwkvIm-c-Øns‚ thcv ssZh-h-N\w kw_-‘n® DXv°-WvT-bm-Wv.ssZh-Øn-\m-bp≈ B{K-lØn¬, ssZh-h-N-\-tØmSvAXns‚ F√m am\-ß-fn-ep-ap≈ kvt\lhpw AS-ßn-bn-cn-°p-∂p. ""hnip-≤-{K-Ÿ-Ønse hm°pIfn-eqsS ssZhw\ΩpsS ASp-sØ-Øp∂p; \mw ssZh-Øns‚ ]°epw.AXp-sIm≠v `mj-bpsS clkyw Is≠-Øm≥ \mw ]Tn-°-Ww, AXns‚ LS-\-bnepw Bhn-jvI-cWcoXn-bnepwAXns\ {Kln-°m≥ ]Tn-°-Ww. Aß-s\, ssZh-Øn-\m-bp≈ At\z-j-W-Øn¬ `mj-Isf Bg-Øn¬ a\- n-em-°m≥ klm-bn-°p∂ `uanIimkv{X-ßƒ°v {]m[m-\y-ap-≠mbn''99

33. ""ssZh-h-N-\w, AXv enJn-X-am-bmepw ]mc-º-cy-Øns‚ cq]-Øn-em-bm-epw, B[n-Im-cn-I-ambn hymJym-\n-°m≥ Npa-X-e-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-´p-≈Xv Xncp-k-`-bpsS kPo-h-amb {]t_m-[-\m-[n-Im-c-sØ-bm-Wv.''100 AXp-sIm≠v Ncn-{X-]-c-amb A]-{K-Y-\-Øn¬ Bhn¿`-hn-®n-´p≈ ]pXnbcoXn-I-tfm-Sp≈ icn-bmb {]Xn-I-cWw kw_-‘n®v hnth-I-]q¿hhpw ka-Xp-en-X-amb coXn-bnepw k` CS-s]-´n-´p-≠v. entbm ]Xn-aq-∂m-a≥ am¿]m-∏-bpsS ""s{]mhn-tZ¥o-knaqkv tZhq-kv,'' ]obqkv ]{¥-≠m-a≥ am¿]m-∏-bpsS""Znhot\m A^vfmt¥ kv]ncnØq'' F∂o Nm{In-I-te-J-\-ßsf∏-‰n-bmWv Rm≥ {][m-\-ambpw Nn¥n-°p-∂-Xv. Cu

67

Nm{In-I-te-J-\-ßƒ {]kn≤oI-cn-®-Xns‚ bYm-{Iaw \qdm-a-sØbpw A≥]-Xm-a-sØbpw hm¿jnIw {]am-Wn®vhμy\mb Fs‚ ap≥Kman tPm¨ t]mƒ c≠m-a≥am¿]m∏ Cu {]am-Wtc-J-I-fpsS {]m[m\yw A\p-kva-cn-°p-I-bp-≠m-bn.101 ss__n-fns‚ ItØm-en°m hymJym-\sØ bp‡n-hm-Z-Øns‚ IS-∂m-{I-aWßfn¬\n∂v c£n-°m≥ Ign-™Xv entbm ]Xn-aq-∂m-as‚ CS-s]-S-ep-sIm-≠m-Wv. F∂m¬ At±lw hnip-≤-{K-Ÿ-Øn\p Ncn-{X-Øn¬\n∂v th¿s]-SpØn Hcp Bflob A¿∞w \¬Im≥Hcp-sº-́ n-√. Xncp-k` imkv{Xo-b-amb hna¿i-\sØ Ah-K -Wn -°p∂n√. AXn¬\n∂v Hgn -™p-am -dp -∂n -√.""imkv{Xob ASn-ÿm-\-Øn-ep-≈-sX∂v Ah-Im-i-s∏-Sp∂Nne ap≥hn-[n-Ifpw A`n-{]m-b-ßfpw D≠v. Ch cl-ky-ambn imkv{XsØ AXns‚ bYm¿∞ {]h¿Ø-\-ta-J-e-bn¬\n∂v AI-∂p-t]m-Ip-hm≥ CS-bm-°p-∂p-ap≠v. CØcwA`n-{]m-b-ßsf Xncp-k` kwi-b-tØmsS kao-]n-°p-∂p.''102 ]{¥≠mw ]obqkv am¿]m-∏bv°v "anÃn-°¬ hnip-≤-{KŸ hymJym\w' F∂-dn-b-s∏-´n-cp∂ Hcp kn≤m-¥-Øns‚ h‡m-°-fn¬\n∂pw "B{I-aW-ßƒ' t\cn-tS-≠n-h-∂p. imkv{Xo-b-amb F√m kao-]-\-tØbpw X≈n-°-f-™-h-cmWv Ch¿. "Znhot\m A^vfmt¥ kv]ocnØp'F∂ Nm{InI teJ-\-Øn¬ aX-{]-t_m-[-\-Øn\v {]tbm-P-\-s∏-Sp-Øp∂ imkv{Xo-b-amb hnip-≤-{KŸ hymJym-\hpw B¥-cn-I-ambn {]tbm-P-\-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-Xn-\p≈Bflob hymJym-\hpw XΩn¬ Fs¥-¶nepw sshcp-≤y-ap-s≠∂ Hcp kqN-\-t]mepw \¬Im-Xn-cn-°m≥ kq£n-®n-´p-≠v. ""F∂m¬ imkv{Xo-b-ambn \n¿Δ-Nn-®n-´p≈hmNym¿∞-Øns‚ ssZh-im-kv{X-]-c-amb A¿∞hpw''hm°p-I-fpsS Bflo-b-amb A¿∞hpw hnip-≤-en-JnXhymJym-\-hp-ambn _‘-s∏´ imkv{X-Øns‚ `mK-am-sW∂p ]d-bp-∂p-≠v.103 Aßs\ Cu c≠v {]am-W-tc-J-Ifpw ""am\p-jn-Ihpw ssZhn-Ihpw Bb-h-bv°n-S-bn¬ Hcp

ssZ-h-h-N-\w


hnS-hp-≠v, imkv{Xo-b-amb Kth-j-Whpw hnizm-k-tØm-Sp≈ BZ-chpw XΩn¬ s]mcp-Ø-t°Sp≠v, hN-\-`m-K-ß-fpsS hmNym¿∞hpw Ah-bpsS Bflo-b-amb A¿∞hpwXΩn¬ s]mcp-Ø-t°-Sp≠v''104 F∂ \ne-]mSv X≈n-°-f-bp-∂p. ]n¬°m-eØv s]m¥n-^n-°¬ _nªn-°¬ IΩo-j≥ 1993-˛¬ {]kn-≤o-I-cn® tcJ-bnepw Cu k¥p-e\w\ne-\n¿Øn-bn-´p-≠v. ""hnip-≤-{KŸw hymJym-\n-°p-I-sb∂ {]hr-Øn-bn¬ G¿s∏-´n-cn-°p∂ ItØm-en-°-cmbhymJym-Xm-°ƒ ssZh-h-N-\-amWv Xßƒ hymJym-\n-°p-∂Xv F∂ hkvXpX Hcn-°epw hnkva-cn-°-cp-Xv. {KŸ-Øns‚ t{kmX- p-Iƒ, kmln-Xy-cq-]w, Ch \n›-bn-®-tXm-Sp-Iq-Sn, kmln-Xy-]-c-amb {]{In-b-Iƒ hni-Zo-I-cn-®-tXm-Sp-Iq-Sn, Xß-fpsS tPmen ]q¿Øn-bmbn F∂v Icp-X-cp-Xv. hnip-≤-{K-Ÿ-̀ mKØns‚ A¿∞w Cu Ime-L-́ -Øn-te-°p≈ ssZh-h-N-\-ambn hni-Zo-I-cn-®p-I-gn-bp-tºmƒam{Xta Ah-cpsS tPmen-bpsS bYm¿∞ e£y-Øn¬FØn-t®-cp-∂p-≈p.''105

Iu¨kn-ens‚ ss__nƒ hymJym-\-kn-≤m¥w,]n≥Xp-S-tc≠ Hcp \n¿t±iw

34. Cu ]-›m-Ø-e-Øn¬, c≠mw hØn-°m≥Iu¨knens‚ {]tXyIn®pw "ssZh-hN\w' F∂ {]am-W-tc-J-bn¬ ItØm-en°m hymJym-Xm-°ƒ ]n≥Xp-S-tc≠hymJym-\-X-Øz-ßƒ Iptd-°qSn sa®-s∏´ coXn-bn¬ a\- n-em-°m≥ Ign-bpw. ""hnip-≤-en-Jn-X-ß-fn¬ ssZhw a\p-jy-tcmSv am\p-jn-I-amb coXn-bn¬ kwkm-cn-°p∂p F∂pImWmw. ssZhw \sΩ Adn-bn-°m≥ B{K-ln-®-sX-¥m-sW∂v Xncn-®-dn-bp-I-bmWv hnip-≤-en-Jn-X-ß-fpsS hymJym-Xm-°ƒ e£y-an-Sp-∂Xv F¶n¬ Ah¿ {KŸ-Øns‚ cN-bn-Xmhv Dt±-in® A¿∞w F¥v F∂v {i≤m-]q¿Δw At\z-jn®v Is≠-ØWw; hm°p-I-fn-eqsS shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂Xv\∂m-bn-cn°pw F∂v ssZhw Icp-Xnb A¿∞w Is≠-

69

Ø-Ww.''106 Hcp-h-iØv hnip-≤-{K-Ÿ-Øns‚ cN-bn-XmhvDt±-in® A¿∞w a\- n-em-°p-∂-Xn\v kmln-Xy-hn-`m-K-ß-sf-∏-‰nbpw Ncn-{X-]-c-amb kμ¿-`-sØ-∏-‰nbpw ]T\w\S-ØWw F∂v Iu¨kn¬ Du∂n-∏-d-bp-∂p. {KŸ-I¿Ømhv Dt±-in-°p∂ A¿∞w a\- n-em-°m≥ Cu]T\w ASn-ÿm-\-]-c-amb H∂mWv. AtX-k-abw GXvAcq-]n-bn-emtWm {KŸw cNn-°-s∏-´Xv B Acq-]n-bn¬Xs∂ hnip-≤-en-JnXw hymJym-\n-°-s∏-S-Ww. CXn\v{]t_m-[-\-tcJ aq∂v ASn-ÿm\ am\-Z-WvU-ßƒ \n›-bn-®n-´p-≠v. ss__n-fns‚ ssZhn-I-amb am\w icn°pwhnth-Nn-®-dn-bp-∂-Xn-\mWv Ch \¬In-bn-cn-°p-∂Xv. 1) hnip-≤-en-Jn-X-ßsf H∂msI I≠p-sIm-≠v, Ah-bpsS sFIy-Øn¬ {i≤-]-Xn-®psIm≠v hN-\-`mKw hymJym-\n-°-Ww.Ct∏mƒ Cu kao-]\w Imt\m-\n-°¬ FIvktPkn vF∂mWv Adn-b-s∏-Sp-∂Xv. 2) apgp-h≥ k -̀bp-sSbpw kPo-h-amb ]mc-ºcyw IW-°n-se-Sp-°Ww 3) Ah-km-\-am-bn, hnizm-k-Øns‚ km[¿Ωy-tØmSv (analogy) BZ-chv]pe¿Ø-Ww. ""coXn-im-kv{X-]-c-amb (methodological) Xe-tØmSpw Ncn-{X-Øns‚bpw \ncq-]-W-Øns‚bpw ssZh-im-kv{X-Øns‚bpw Xe-ß-tfmSpw BZ-chv ]pe¿Øn-s°m≠vam{Xta ssZh-im-kv{X-]-c-amb hnip-≤-en-JnX hymJym-\-sØ-∏‰n kwkm-cn-°m≥ Ign-bp-I-bp-≈q. hnip-≤-{K-Ÿ-Øn\v A¿l-X-s∏´ Hcp hymJym-\w.''107

Ncn-{X-]-chpw \ncq-]-Wm-fl-I-hp-amb B[p-\nI Kth-jWw kv]„-amb KpW-̂ -e-ßƒ D≠m-°n-bn-́ p-s≠-∂XvA\n-tj-[y-am-sW∂v kn\Uv ]nXm-°-∑m¿ {]Jym-]n-°p-∂p. B {]Jym-]\w icn-bm-Wv. C∂sØ ]WvUn-tXm-Nn-X-amb hnip-≤-{KŸ hymJym\w Ncn-{X-\n-cq-]W kwhn-[m\w kw_-‘n-®n-S-tØmfw Gsd anIhv {]I-Sn-∏n-°p-∂p-≠v. ItØm-en°m ]WvUn-X-∑msc kw_-‘n®pw CXvicn-bm-Wv. hnip-≤-{K-Ÿ-hym-Jym-\-Øns‚ G‰w ]pXnbhnIm-k-ßƒ, hnip-≤-{KŸ ]mT-ß-fpsS ssZh-im-kv{X-

ssZ-h-h-N-\w


]-c-amb am\-Ønepw CXp-t]mse {i≤ sNep-tØ-≠-Xp≠v. Aßs\ ssZh-h-N\w F∂ {]t_m-[-\-tcJ\¬Ip∂ aq∂p LS-I-ßfpw ]n≥Xp-S¿∂m¬ Cu {KŸ-`m-K-ßsf IqSp-X¬ Bg-Øn¬ a\- n-em-°m≥ Ign-bpw.108

ssZzX-hm-Zhpw aX-\n-c-t]-£-amb ss__nƒhymJym-\hpw D≠m-°p∂ A]-ISw

35. C°m-eØv hnip≤en-Jn-X-ßsf ssZzX-hm-Z-Øns‚ shfn-®-Øn¬ kao-]n-°p-I-sb∂ A]-ISw \ne-hn-ep-s≠∂v Cu kμ¿`-Øn¬ ]d-tb-≠n-bn-cn-°p-∂p.ss__n-fns\ c≠p-X-e-ß-fn¬ kao-]n°mw F∂v ]d-bp-tºmƒ Ah hyXy-kvX-am-sWt∂m H∂v at‰-Xn\v FXn-cm-sWt∂m A¿∞-am-°p-∂n-√. ]c-kv]-c-]q-c-I-amtb Cuc≠p Xe-ßƒ°pw \ne-\n¬∏p-≈q. \n¿`m-Ky-I-c-sa∂p]d-b-s´, hnip-≤-en-JnX hymJym-\hpw ssZh-im-kv{Xhpwth¿s]-´n-cn-°p∂p F∂pw Ah-bpsS at≤y Hcp aXn¬Ds≠∂pw Hcp [mcW Nne-t∏mƒ D≠m-Ip-∂p-≠v. ""G‰wD∂-X-amb ]WvUnX kaq-l-ß-fnepw Cu sX‰n-≤m-cWImWmw.''109 CXn¬\n-∂p-≠m-Ip∂ {][m-\-s∏´ ]cn-WnX-^e-ßƒ Nq≠n-°m-´m≥ Rm≥ B{K-ln-°p-∂p. Ch Hgn-hm-t°-≠-h-b-t{X.

a) {]Y-a-hpw {][m-\-hp-amb Imcyw CXm-Wv. hnip-≤-en-JnX hymJym-\sØ H∂m-asØ Xe-Øn¬ HXp-°n-\n¿Øn-bm¬ `qX-Im-e-Øn-t‚Xp am{X-amb Hcp ]pkvX-I-ambn hnip-≤-{KŸw amdpw. AXn¬\n∂v kZm-Nm-c-]m-T-ßƒ Nq≠n-°m-´m≥ Ignbpw; AXn¬\n∂v Ncn{Xw ]Tn-°mw. ]t£ AXv `qX-Im-e-sØ-∏-‰n-am{Xw ]d-bp∂ Hcp]pkvX-I-amIpw; B kml-N-cy-Øn¬ hnip-≤-{K-Ÿ-hym-Jym-\-Øn\p ssZh-im-kv{X-hp-ambn Hcp _‘-hp-an-√m-Xm-Ipw. AXv shdpw Ncn-{X-]-T-\-amIpw; shdpw kmln-Xy-N-cn-{Xw.110 Xs‚ hN-\-ØneqsS ssZhw kzbw shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp∂p F∂ hkvXpX a\- n-em-°m≥ Cu \yq\o-I-cW

71

kao-]-\-Øn\p Hcn-°epw km≤y-am-Ip-I-bn-√. kPo-h-amb]mc-ºcywhgnbpw hn-ip-≤-en-Jn-X-ßƒ hgn-bp-amWv Cushfn-]mSv \ap°v Gev]n-®p-X-∂ncn-°p∂-Xv.

b) hnip-≤-en-Jn-X-ßsf hnizm-k-hp-ambn _‘-s∏-Sp-ØmsX hymJym-\n-°p-∂Xv Hcp tIhe \yq\X am{X-a-√. Aßs\ sNbvXm¬ ChnsS thsdm-cp-Xcw hymJym\wcwK-{]-thiw sNøm-Xn-cn-°n-√. Zriy-h-kvXp-°sf am{XwB[m-c-am-°n-bp≈ aX-\n-c-t]-£-amb Hcp hymJym-\w.CXv Ah-km\w \sΩ FØn-°pI ssZhw a\p-jys‚Ncn-{X-Øn¬ CS-s]-Sp-∂n-s√∂ Dd-®-hn-izm-k-Øn-em-bn-cn-°pw. Cu kn≤m-¥-a-\p-k-cn-®v, Fhn-sSsb-¶nepw ssZho-I-amb Hcp LSIw ImW-s∏-´m¬ AXv ssZhn-I-as√∂coXn-bn¬ hni-Zo-I-cn-t°≠-Xm-bn-h-cp-∂p. AhnsS F√mwam\p-jn-I-amb LS-I-ß-fn¬ HXp-°-Ww. ssZhnI LS-I-ßƒ Ncn-{X-Øns‚ `mK-am-sW∂ hkvXpX \ncm-I-cn-°p∂ Hcp hymJym-\-Øn-te-°mWv CXv \bn-°p-I.

c) CØ-c-samcp \ne-]mSv k -̀bpsS Pohn-X-Øn\p lm\n-I-c-am-Imt\ hgn-bp-≈q. ss{IkvX-h-hn-izm-k-Øns‚ ASn-ÿm-\-]-c-amb alm-c-l-ky-ßƒ kw_-‘n®pw Ah Ncn-{X-kw-`-h-ß-fm-sW-∂Xv kw_-‘n®pw kwibw P\n-∏n-°p-∂-XmWv Cu \ne-]m-Sv. DZm-l-c-W-Øn-\v, Znhy-Im-cp-Wy-Øns‚ ÿm]-\hpw {InkvXp-hns‚ ]p\-cp-∞m-\hpw.Zm¿i-\n-I-amb Hcp hnip-≤-en-JnX hymJym\w \sΩCßs\ ASn-t®-ev]n-°p-∂p. ssZhØn\p Ncn-{X-Øn¬{]th-in-°m\pw Ncn-{X-Øn¬ k∂n-ln-X-\mIm\pw IgnbpwF∂Xv \ntj-[n-°p∂ Hcp hymJym-\w. ssZh-imkv{X]T-\-ß-fn¬ CØ-c-samcp hnip-≤-en-JnX hymJym\wkzoI-cn-®m¬, H∂masØ Xe-Øn¬ HXp-ßn-\n¬°p∂hymJym-Xm-°ƒ°pw hnip-≤-en-Jn-X-ßsf Bflo-b-hXvIcn-°m-\p-]-tbm-Kn-°p∂ ssZh-im-kv{X-Øn\pw CS-bn¬ henb Hcp sshcp≤yw D≠m-Ipw. shfn-]m-Sns‚ Ncn-{X-kz-̀ mhw AwKo-I-cn-°m-Ø-h-cp-tS-XmWv CØcw ssZh-

ssZ-h-h-N-\w


im-kv{Xw.CsX√mw BflobPohn-X-Ønepw AP-]m-e-I-{]-h¿Ø-

\-ß-fnepw A\m-tcm-Ky-I-c-amb Hcp kzm[o\w Xo¿®-bmbpw sNep-Øpw. ""c≠m-asØ Xe-Øn-ep≈ At\z-j-W-co-Xn-Iƒ ]n≥Xp-S-cm-Ø-Xns‚ ̂ e-ambn imkv{Xo-b-ambss__nƒ hymJym-\-Øn\pw {]m¿∞-\-bpsS Acq-]n-bn-ep≈ ssZh-h-N-\-]m-cm-b-W-Øn\pw (lectio divina) at≤y\nI-Øm-\m-ImØ Hcp K¿Øw D≠m-Ipw. ssZh-h-N-\-{]-tLm-j-W-ßƒ Xøm-dm-°p-tºmƒ Ah-bn¬ ]d-bp-∂-Xn-\p-th-≠{X hy‡X C√m-Xm-Im≥ CXv Imc-W-am-Imw.''112

k`m-ip-{iq-j-°mbn ]cn-io-e\w t\Sp-∂-h-cpsS _u≤nIcq]o-I-c-W-Øn¬ Aÿn-c-Xbpw Nn¥m-°p-g-∏hpw D≠m-Im≥ Cu sshcp≤yw Imc-W-am-tb°m-sa-∂p-IqSn ]d-tb-≠n-bn-cn -°p-∂p. Npcp-°n-∏-d-™m¬ ""hnip≤-{KŸhymJym\w ssZh-im-kv{X-am-Ip-∂n-s√-¶n¬ hnip-≤-en-Jn-X-ßƒ ssZh-im-kv{X-Øns‚ Bflm-hm-bn-cn-°n-√. adn®vFt∏m-gmtWm ssZh-imkv{Xw Xncp-k` AwKo-I-cn® hnip-≤-en-Jn-X-ß-fpsS hymJym\w A√m-Xm-Ip-∂Xv At∏m-sg√mw ssZh-imkv{Xw ASn-Ø-d-bn-√m-ØXpw BIpw''114

AXp-sIm≠v Cu {]iv\w kw_-‘n®v ssZh-h-N\w F∂{]amW-tcJ ]d-bp∂ Imcy-ßƒ IqSp-X¬ {i≤m-]q¿Δw]Tn-t°-≠n-bn-cn-°p-∂p.

hnip-≤-en-Jn-X-ß-tfm-Sp≈ kao-]-\-Øn¬ hnizm-k-Øn\pw bp‡n-t_m-[-Øn-\p-ap≈ ÿm\w

36. tPm¨t]mƒ c≠m-a≥ am¿]m∏ Cu hnjbwkw_-‘n®v "hnizm-khpw bp‡nbpw' (fides et ratio) F∂Nm{In-I-te-J-\-Øn¬ Fgp-Xn-bn-´p-≈Xv hnip-≤-en-JnXhymJym-\hpw ssZh-imkv{Xw apgp-h-\p-am-bpap≈ _‘wIqSp-X¬ Bg-Øn¬ a\- n-em-°m≥ klm-bn°pw F∂vRm≥ hniz-kn-°p-∂p. ""Hcp ]T\ k{º-Zmbw am{Xw{]tbm-P-\-s∏-SpØn hnip-≤-en-Jn-X-ß-fn¬ AS-ßn-bn-cn-

73

°p∂ kXyw Is≠-Øm≥ {ian-°p-∂-Xn¬ ASn-ÿm-\-]-c-amb Hcp A]-I-S-ap-≠v. CXv \mw \n m-c-ambn I≠p-Iq-Sm. hnip-≤-{KŸ hymJym-Xm-°-sfbpw Xncp-k` apgp-h-s\bpw {KŸ-`m-KßfpsS A¿∞w ]q¿Æ-ambn a\- n-em-°m≥ klm-bn-°p∂ IqSp-X¬ ka-{K-amb hymJym\wBh-iy-am-sW∂ hkvXpX Ah-K-Wn-®p-sIm-≠p≈ Hc-t\z-j-W-amWv AXv. hnip-≤-en-Jn-X-ß-fpsS ]T-\-Øn¬apgp-In-bn-cn-°p-∂-h¿ Ft∏mgpw Hm¿Ωn-®n-cn-t°≠ HcphkvXpX D≠v. hnhn[ coXn-bn-ep≈ hnip-≤-en-Jn-X-hym-Jym-\-ßƒ°v Ah-bp-tS-Xmb Zm¿i-\nI ]›m-ØewD≠m-bn-cn-°pw. Chsb hnip-≤-{K-Ÿ-̀ m-K-ß-fpsS hymJym-\-Øn\v {]tbm-P-\-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-Xn-\p-apºv icn-bm-b-co-Xn-bn¬, k{i≤w Chsb hne-bn-cp-tØ-≠-Xp-≠v.''115

Zo¿L-ho-£-W-tØm-Sp-Iq-Snb Cu hnNn-¥\w hnip-≤-en-Jn-X-ß-fpsS hymJym-\-Øn-eqsS hnip-≤-{K-ŸsØkao-]n-°p-tºmƒ hnizm-khpw bp‡n-Nn-¥bpw XΩn-ep≈icn-bmb _‘w Hgn-®p-Iq-Sm-\m-ImØ coXn-bn¬ Fßs\{]I-S-am-Ip∂p F∂p-Im-Wm≥ Ign-bpw. aXsØ Hgn-hm-°n-s°m-≠p≈ hnip-≤-{KŸ hymJym\w, bYm¿∞-Øn¬ssZhw \ΩpsS Pohn-X-Øn¬ {]th-in-°m\pw am\p-jn-I-amb hm°p-I-fn¬ \tΩmSv kwkm-cn-°m\pap≈ GsXmcpkm≤y-Xbpw LS-\m-]-c-ambn Hgn-hm-°m-\p≈ bp‡n-Nn-¥-bpsS {ia-Øns‚ ê-am-Wv. ChnsS bp‡n-Nn-¥bv°vFhn-Sw-hsc t]mImw, AXns‚ hym]-c-ta-Je F{X hnim-e-am-°-Ww, F∂p ]d-tb-≠-Xp-≠v.116 Ncn{X]c-amb A]-{K-Y-\-Øns‚ coXn kzoI-cn-°p-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ a\p-jy-N-cn-{X-Øn¬ ssZh-Øns‚ kzbw shfn-s∏-Sp-Ø¬ ap≥Iqń\ncm-I-cn-°p∂ bmsXmcp am\-Z-WvUhpw kzoI-cn-®p-Iq-Sm.hnip-≤-en-Jn-X-ßsf hymJym-\n-°p-tºmƒ ImW-s∏-Sp∂Ccp-X-e-ßfpw XΩn-ep≈ sFIyw ap≥Iqń k¶-ev]n-°p∂ kml-N-cy-amWv hnizm-khpw bp‡nNn¥bpw XΩn-ep≈ s]mcp-Øw. Hcp-h-iØv bp‡n-Nn-¥-bp-ambn icn-

ssZ-h-h-N-\w


bmb _‘w-]p -e¿Øp∂ hnizmkw thW-sa∂v\njvI¿jn-°p-∂p. icn-bmb hnizmkw GXp hnNn-{X-I-Ybpw hnth-N\wIq-SmsX kzoI-cn°m\p≈ k∂-≤-X-bmbn A[x-]-Xn-°n-√. hnip-≤-en-Jn-X-ßsf kw_-‘n®vCØ-c-Øn¬ A[x-]-Xn-°p∂ hnizm-k-amWv auen-I-hm-Z-ambn {]Xy-£-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv. adp-h-i-Øv, ss__n-fn¬ImWp∂ Ncn-{X-]-c-amb LS-I-ßƒ At\z-j-W-hn-t[-b-am-°p-tºmƒ Xs‚ At\z-jW taJ-e-bv°p-]p-d-Øp≈bmsXm∂pw ap≥Iq¿ X≈n-°-f-bm-Ø, Xpd∂ a\- p-≈,Hcp bp‡n-Nn¥ D≠m-bn-cn-°-Ww. kXyhpw Xs‚ Pohn-X-Øn-s‚bpw Ncn - {X-Øn-s‚bpw BXy-¥n -I-ambA¿∞hpw At\z-jn-°p∂ GsXm-cmƒ°pw a\p-jy-\mbnAh-X-cn® hN-\-Øns‚ (logos) aXw XnI®pw bp‡n-k-l-ambn A\p-`-h-s∏-Spw.

hm°p-I-fpsS A£-cm¿∞hpw BflobambA¿∞hpw

37. k`m-]n-Xm-°-∑m-cpsS {KŸ-ß-fn¬\n∂pw hnip-≤-en-JnX hymJym-\-tØmSv Ah¿ kzoI-cn® kao-]-\-Øn¬\n∂pw hnip-≤-{KŸw icn-bm-b-co-Xn-bn¬ hymJym-\n-°p-∂-Xn-\p≈ hne-s∏´ kw`m-h\ e`n°pw F∂vkn\Uv ktΩ-f\w {]Jym-]n-°pI-bp-≠m-bn.117 C∂pwhfsc hne-a-Xn-t°≠ Hcp ssZh-im-kv{X-amWv k`m-]n-Xm-°-∑m¿ Ah-Xcn∏n-°p-∂-Xv. Imc-Ww, hnip-≤-en-Jn-X-ßsf H∂msI I≠v Bg-Øn¬ ]Tn-°p-∂-XmWv BssZh-im-kv{X-Øns‚ ImX¬. {]mY-an-I-ambpw ASn-ÿm-\-]-c-ambpw k`m-]n-Xm-°-∑m¿ ""hnip-≤-en-Jn-X-Øns‚hymJymXm°-fmWv. '' 118 Ah-cpsS hnip -≤ - {KŸhymJym\w ""B[p-\nI hymJym-Xm-°sf hnip-≤-en-Jn-X-ßsf bYm¿∞-Øn¬ Fßs\ aX-]-c-ambn kao-]n°mwF∂v ]Tn-∏n-°pw. AXp-t]m-se-X-s∂, ]cn-ip-≤m-cq]n \bn-°p-∂-X-\p-k-cn®v Ncn-{X-Øn-eqsS bm{X sNøp-∂-Xv.''119

75

k`-bpsS A\p-`-h-hp-ambn Ft∏mgpw s]mcp-Ø-s∏-Sp-∂,B A\p-`-h-hp-ambn Iq´mbva ]pe¿Øp∂ am\-Z-WvU-ßƒ ]men-°p∂ Hcp hymJym\w Fßs\ km≤y-am-Ip-sa∂pw CXn¬\n∂v ]Tn-°m≥ Ignbpw.

B[p-\nI hymJym-Xm-°ƒ°v e`y-amb Ncn-{X-]-chpw`mjm-im-kv{X-]-c-hp-amb klm-b-ßƒ e`y-am-bn-cp-∂n-s√-¶nepw ]nXm-°-∑m-cp-sSbpw a≤y-a-bp-K-ß-fp-sSbpw ]mc-º-cy-Øn\v hnip-≤-en-Jn-X-ß-fpsS hnhn-[-X-e-ß-fn-ep≈A¿∞w Xncn-®-dn-bm≥ Ign-™p; ""A£-cm¿∞-Øn¬ XpS-ßn, hnip-≤-{K-Ÿ-Ønse hm°p-Ifn¬ shfn-s∏-Sp∂A¿∞hpw hymJym-Xm-°ƒ At\z-jn®p Is≠-Øp∂A¿∞-hpw. icn-bmb hymJym\w kw_-‘n® N´-ßƒ]n≥Xp-S¿∂p Is≠-Øp∂XmWv Cu A¿∞w.''120 DZm-l-c-W-Øn-\v, hnip≤ tXmakv AIzo-\mkv ]d-bp-∂XvCXm-Wv. ""hnip-≤-en-Jn-X-ß-fpsS F√m A¿∞-ßfpwhm°p-I-fpsS A£cm¿∞sØ ASn-ÿm-\-am-°n-bp-≈-Xm-Wv.''121 ]nXm-°-∑m-cpsS ImeØpw am≤y-a-bp-K-ß-fnepwF√m-hn-[-Øn-ep-ap≈ hnip-≤-en-JnX hymJym-\-ßfpwhnizm-ksØ ASn-ÿm-\-am-°n-bn-´p-≈-Xm-bn-cp∂p F∂hkvXpX Hm¿Ωn-t°-≠-Xp-≠v. CXn¬ hmNym¿∞hpwDƒs∏-Spw. hmNym¿∞hpw Bflo-b-amb A¿∞hpwXΩn¬ Ft∏mgpw th¿Xn-cnhv D≠m-bn-cp-∂n-√. a≤y-a-bp-K-Ønse Hcp CucSn Cu kμ¿`-Øn¬ D≤-cn-°m-hp-∂-Xm-Wv. hnip-≤-en-Jn-X-Øn\p hnhn[ Xe-ß-fn-ep≈hyXykvX A¿∞w kqNn-∏n-°p-∂-XmWv Cu Cuc-Sn:

""hm°p-Iƒ hnh-cn-°p-∂Xv {]h¿Ø\ß-fmWv;F¥p-hn-iz-kn-°Ww F∂v kqNn-∏n-°p-∂p, D]-a-Iƒ\mw F¥p sNøWw F∂p ]d-bp-∂Xv kZm-Nm-c-aqeyw;\mw Ftßm´v t]mIp∂p F∂v Im´n-Ø-cp-∂Xv

hymJym\w''122

hmNym¿∞hpw Bflobamb A¿∞hpw XΩn-ep≈

ssZ-h-h-N-\w


sFIyhpw ]c-kv]-c-_-‘hpw ChnsS \ap°v ImWm≥Ignbpw. Bflobamb A¿∞w aq∂mbn hn`-Pn-°-s∏-´n-cn-°p-∂p. hnizm-k-Øns‚ D≈-S-°w, kZm-Nm-c-Po-hn-Xw,bpKm¥yw kw_-‘n® \ΩpsS {]Xo-£-Iƒ.

Npcp°n∏-d-™m¬, Ncn-{X-]-c-amb \ncq-]W hymJym-\-Øns‚ km[p-Xbpw Bh-iyhpw ]cn-an-Xn-Ifpw Xncn-®-dn-bp-∂-tXm-sSm∏w ""hnip-≤-{K-Ÿ-hym-Jym\w enJn-X-ßƒbYm¿∞-Øn¬ F¥mtWm Dt±-in-°p-∂Xv AXn-t\mSvXnI®pw hniz-kvXX ]pe¿Øp-∂Xv Ah hy‡-am-°p∂hnizm-k-k-Xy-ß-fpsS Bhn-jvI-c-W-Øns‚ ImX-embAwiØn-te°v IS-∂p-sN-√p-tºmƒ am{X-a-√, \ΩpsSC∂sØ temIsØ hnizm-k-Øns‚ A\p-̀ -h-tØmSv BkXy-ßƒ°p≈ _‘w At\z-jn-°p-tºmgpw B hniz-kvXX ]pe¿Øp-∂p-s≠∂v k`m-]n-Xm-°-∑m-cpsS hnip-≤-en-JnX hymJym-\-ß-fn¬\n∂v \mw ]Tn-°p-∂p.''123

ssZh-h-N\w kPo-h-am-sW∂pw \ΩpsS Pohn-X-Øn¬Ct∏mƒ, Chn-sS, \mw Hmtcm-cp-Ø-tcmSpw AXv kwkm-cn-°p∂p F∂pw, Cu ]›m-Ø-e-Ønte \ap°v Xncn-®-dn-bm≥ Ign-bp-I-bp-≈q. Cu A¿∞-Øn¬, BflobambA¿∞-Øn\p s]m¥n-^n-°¬ _nªn-°¬ IΩoj≥\¬Ip∂ \n¿Δ-N\w ss{IkvX-h-hn-izmkw a\- n-em-°p∂ coXn-bn¬, XnI®pw km[p-hm-Wv. ""{InkvXp-hns‚s]k-lm-c-l-ky-Øn-s‚bpw AXn¬\n∂v {]h-ln-°p∂]pXnb Poh-s‚bpw ]›m-Ø-e-Øn¬, ]cn-ip-≤m-cq-]n-bpsSam¿§-Z¿i\w A\p-k-cn-®p hnip-≤-en-Jn-X-ßƒ hmbn-°p-tºmƒ Ah-bn¬\n∂p e`n-°p∂ A¿∞w. Cu ]›m-Øew bYm¿∞-Øn¬ \ne-hn-ep-≠v. ]pXn-b-\n-baw hnip-≤-en-Jn-X-ß-fpsS ]q¿Øo-I-cWw Xncn-®-dn-bp-∂Xv CXn-em-Wv. Acq-]n-bn-ep≈ Pohn-X-Øns‚ \h-amb ]›m-Ø-e-Øns‚ shfn-®-Øn¬ hnip-≤-en-Jn-X-ßƒ Hcp ]p\¿hm-b-\bv°p hnt[-b-am-t°-≠-Xv, AXn-\m¬ G‰hpw A\p-tbm-Py-am-bn-Øo-cp∂p.''124

77

""hmNym¿∞-Øn-∂-∏pdw'' t]mtI-≠-Xns‚ Bh-iy-IX

38. hnip-≤-en-Jn-X-ß-fpsS hyXykvX A¿∞-ßƒFßs\ ]c-kv]cw kzm[o-\n-°p-∂p, _‘-s∏-́ n-cn-°p-∂p,F∂v ho≠pw Is≠-Øp-tºmƒ A£-c-Øn¬\n∂v Acq-]n-bn-te-°p≈ IS-∂p-t]m-I¬ a\- n-em-°pI Ah-iyw-th≠ Hcp Imcy-am-bn-Øo-cp-∂p. CXv bmsXmcp _mlyCS-s]-Sepw IqSmsX kzbw kw -̀hn-°p∂ Hcp IS-∂p-t]m-I-e-√. hmNym¿∞-Øn\v A∏p-d-tØ°p IS-t°-≠Xv Bh-iy-am-bn-hcp∂p. ""ssZh-Øns‚ hN-\sØ, {KŸ-̀ m-KsØenJn-X-tØmSv Hcn-°epw Xpe\w sNøm-\m-hn√. ssZh-h-N-\-Øn¬ sNs∂-Øm≥ Iptd-°qSn aptºm-´p-t]m-tI≠n-bn-cn-°p-∂p, AXn\v Hcp {]{Inb D≠v. hnip-≤-en-Jn-X-ßsf samØ-Øn¬ kv]¿in-°p∂ Hcp B¥-cnI Ne-\-Øm¬ \nb-{¥n-°-s∏-Sp∂ H∂mWv Cu {]{In-b. Aßs\AXpw Hcp kPo-h-{]-{Inb BtI-≠-Xp-≠v.''125 B[n-Im-cn-I-ambn hymJym-\n-°p-I-sb∂ {]{Inb Hcn-°epw tImh-e-amb Hcp _u≤nI{]hr-Øn-b√; kPo-hhpw k`-bpsSPohn-X-hp-ambn ]q¿Æ-ambn _‘-s∏-tS-≠-Xp-amb Hcp{]{In-b-bmWv AXv. k`-bpsS Pohn-X-am-Is´ ""Acq-]n-°-SpØ Hcp Pohn-X-amWv'' (K-em. 5:16). ssZh-h-N\w F∂{]am-Wtc-J-bpsS 12˛mw \º-dn¬ FSpØp]-d-™n-´p≈am\-Z-WvU-ßƒ Ct∏mƒ IqSp-X¬ hy‡-am-Ip-∂p: Hcp{KŸ-Øns‚ GsX-¶nepw Hcp `mKw th¿s]-Sp-Øn-sb-Sp-Øm¬ AXn¬\n∂v Cu aptºm-́ p≈ \o°w D≠mhpIbn-√. hnip-≤-en-Jn-X-ßƒ apgp-h-t\mSpw _‘-s∏-SpØn B`mKsØ I≠mte Cu ]ptcm-KXn kw`-hn-°p-I-bp-≈q.\mw aptºm´v \oßp-∂Xv Htc-Hcp e£y-Øn-se-Øn-t®-cm-\m-Wv. ssZh-Øns‚ Htc-Hcp hN-\-amWv B e£yw.Cu {]{In-b-bn¬ B¥-cn-I-amb Hcp \mSIw \S-°p-∂p-≠v. Imc-Ww, ]cn-ip-≤m-cq-]n-bpsS i‡n \mw Hmtcm-cp-

ssZ-h-h-N-\w


Ø-cp-sSbpw kzmX-{¥y-hp-ambn CS-s]-Sp-∂p. hnip≤]utemkv Xs‚ Pohn-X-Øn¬ Cu ]ptcm-K-Xn, Cu IS-∂p-t]m-I¬, ]q¿Æ-ambpw A\p-`-hn-®-dn-™p. hnip-≤s‚Xs∂ hm°p-I-fn¬ ""Fgp-X-s∏´ \nbaw arXn-s∏-Sp-Øp∂p;Bflmhv Pohn-∏n-°p∂p'' (2 tImdn. 3:6). Cu hm°p-I-fn¬ hmNym¿∞-Øn\∏pd-tØ°v IS-°p-∂-Xns‚{]m[m\yw i‡-amb `mj-bn¬ hnip-≤≥ FSp-Øp-]-d-bp-∂p. apgp-h≥ enJn-X-ß-fp-sSbpw ]›m-Ø-e-Ønte Hcp]mT-`mKw {Kln-°m≥ Ignbq. ""kzmX-{¥y-Øns‚ Bflm-hn\v Hcp t]cp-s≠∂v'' ]utemkv Is≠-Øn. "AXp-sIm≠v B kzmX-{¥y-Øn\v Hcp B¥-cn-I-am-\-Z-WvU-ap-≠v.' "I¿Ømhv Bflm-hm-Wv. I¿Øm-hns‚ Bflm-hp-≈n-SØv kzmX{¥y-ap≠v' (2 tImdn. 3:17). hymJym-Xm-hns‚kz¥w Bi-btam kz¥w ImgvN-∏mtSm A√ kzmX-{¥y-Øns‚ Bflm-hv. Bflmhv {InkvXp-hmWv; {InkvXp\ap°v hgn-Im-́ p∂ I¿Øm-hm-Wv.126 ""Cu hN-\-̀ mKw Htc-k-abw \mS-Io-bhpw kzmX{¥yw \¬Ip-∂-Xp-ambn hnip≤BKkvXo-t\m-kn\pw A\p-`-h-s∏-´p. hnip-≤-en-Jn-X-ßƒBZyw ]c-kv]cw _‘-an-√m-ØXpw — NnebnS-ß-fn¬A]-cn-jvIr-X-hp-ambn — hnip-≤\v A\p-̀ -h-s∏-́ p. F∂m¬{ItaW hmNym¿∞-Øn-∂-∏pdw t]mIpI F∂ {]{In-b-hgn hnip-≤-en-Jn-X-Øn¬ hniz-kn-°p-hm≥ At±-l-Øn\pIgn-™p. Cu hymJym-\-coXn hnip≤ Awt{_m-kn¬\n-∂mWv AK-Ãn≥ A`ykn-®-Xv. kqN-tIm-]-tZ-isØ(typology) B[m-c-am-°n-bp≈ hymJym-\-amWv hnip≤Awt{_mkv \S-Øn-bn-cp-∂-Xv. Cu kao-]-\-Øn¬ ]g-b-\n-baw apgp-h\pw tbip-{In-kvXp-hn-te-°p≈ Hcp ]mX-bm-Wv. hnip≤ BKkvXo-t\m-kn\pw hmNym¿∞-Øn-∂-∏p-d-tØ°p IS-°m≥ Ign-™-t∏mƒ hm°p-IƒXs∂hnizm-k-tbm-Ky-am-bn. Xs‚-bp-≈n¬ A\p-`-h-s∏´ Akz-ÿ-Xbv°pw kXy-Øn-\p-th-≠n-bp≈ Zml-Øn\pw ]cn-

79

lmcw hnip-≤-en-Jn-X-ß-fn¬ Is≠-Ø-Ww. Ah-km\wAt±-l-ØXn-\p-I-gn-™p.127

ss__n-fns‚ B¥-cnI sFIyw

39. A£-c-Øn¬\n∂pw Acq-]n-bn-te-°p≈ {]bm-W-Øn¬ F√m hnip-≤-en-Jn-X-ß-fp-sSbpw sFIyw \mw a\- n-em-°p-∂p. k`-bpsS al-Ømb ]mc-º-cy-Øn¬\n∂p-sIm-≠mWv CXv km[n-°p-∂-Xv. \ΩpsS Pohn-XsØsh√p-hn-fn-°p-Ibpw am\-km-¥-c-Øn-te°v \sΩ \nc-¥cw£Wn-°p-Ibpw sNøp∂ ssZh-Øns‚ hN-\-Øn-emWvhnip-≤-en-Jn-X-ß-fpsS sFIyw ÿnXn-sN-øp-∂-Xv.128

ChnsS lyqhnse hnip≤ hnIvS-dns‚ hm°p-Iƒ icn-bmb hgn-Im-´n-Ø-cp∂ am¿§-Z¿in-bm-Wv. ""F√m hnip-≤-en-Jn-X-ßfpwIqSn Hcp ]pkvX-I-am-Wv; Cu ]pkvXIw{InkvXp-hmWv; {InkvXp-hn-s\-∏‰n kwkm-cn-°p∂ Hcp]pkvX-Iw; CXns‚ ]q¿Øo-I-c-Whpw {InkvXp-hn-em-Wv.''129 Ncn-{X-]-c-ambpw kmln-Xy-]-c-ambpw t\m°n-bm¬ss_-_nƒ Hcp ]pkvX-I-a√ F∂p hy‡w. Bbn-ctamAXn-e-[n-Itam h¿j-ßƒ°n-S°v cNn-°-s∏´ kmln-Xy-Ir-Xn-I-fpsS Hcp kam-lm-c-amWv ss__nƒ. AXnseHmtcm {KŸ-hp-sa-Sp-Øm¬ ss__n-fn\v Hcp B¥-cnIsFIy-ap-≈-Xmbn tXm∂n-√. t\tc-a-dn®v ]c-kv]c hncp-≤-amb Imcy-ßƒ hyXykvX IrXn-I-fn¬ ImWs∏Sp-∂pap≠v. ss{IkvX-h¿ ]g-b-\n-baw F∂phn-fn-°p∂C{km-tb-ens‚ ss__n-fn¬Xs∂ Cu s]mcp-Ø-t°-Sp-Iƒ {]I-S-am-bn-cp-∂p. ss{IkvX-h-cmb \mw ]pXnb \nb-ahpw AXnse {KŸ-ßfpw C{km-tb-ens‚ ss__nƒa\- n--em-°m-\p≈ Hcp D]m-[n-bmbn {]tbm-P-\-s∏-Sp-Øp-tºmƒ Cu s]mcp-Ø-t°-Sp-Iƒ Ipsd-°qSn hy‡-am-Ipw.{InkvXp-hn-te°v \bn-°p∂ ]mX-bmWv ]g-b-\n-baw F∂kao-]-\-Øn-emWv ]pXn-b-\n-b-asØ ]g-b-\n-b-a-hp-ambn

ssZ-h-h-N-\w


\mw _‘-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-Xv. ]pXnb \nb-a-Øn¬ A[nIwD]-tbm-Kn-°mØ Hcp ]Z-amWv "enJnXw' (hn-ip-≤-en-Jn-Xw) (cf. tdm-am. 4:3; 1 ]t{Xm. 2:6). "hnip-≤-en-Jn-X-ßƒ'F∂mWv ]pXn-b-\n-b-a-Øn¬ {]mtbW {]tbm-Kn-®n-cn-°p-∂Xv (cf. a-Øm. 21:43; tbml. 5:39; tdmam. 1:2; 2 ]t{Xm.3:16). enJn-X-ßƒ F∂ _lp-h-N-\-cq-]-amWv D]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂-sX-¶nepw Ah-sb-√mw-IqSn ssZhw \tΩmSv ]d-bp∂H‰-hm-°m-bn, hN-\-am-bn, Icp-X-s∏-Sp-∂p.130 GI "hN-\hp'-ambn _‘-s∏-SpØn hnip-≤-en-Jn-X-ßƒs°√mw sFIyw\¬Ip-∂Xv {InkvXp F∂ hy‡n-bm-sW∂pw CXv hni-Z-am-°p-∂p. ssZh-h-N\w F∂ {]t_m-[-\-tc-J-bnse 12˛mw\º¿ Cu coXn-bn¬ {Kln-°m≥ \ap°v Ign-bpw. apgph≥ss__n-fnepw ImW-s∏-Sp∂ B¥-cnI sFIyw hnizm-k-Øns‚ icn-bm-b, hnip-≤-{K-Ÿm-[n-jvTn-X-amb, hymJym-\-Øn-\p≈ am\-Z-WvU-amWv F∂-Xn-te-°mWv CXvhnc¬Nq-≠p-∂-Xv.

]g-b-\n-b-ahpw ]pXn-b-\n-b-ahpw XΩn-ep≈_‘w

40. {InkvXp-hn¬ hnip-≤-en-Jn-X-ßƒ°p≈ Cu

sFIy-Øns‚ ]›m-Ø-e-Øn¬ ssZh-im-kv{X--⁄-

∑m¿°pw AP-]m-e-\-Øn¬ G¿s∏-́ n-cn-°p-∂-h¿°pw Hcp-

t]mse ]pXn-b-\n-b-ahpw ]g-b-\n-b-ahpw XΩn-ep≈

_‘w kw_-‘n® Ah-t_m[w D≠m-bn-cn-t°-≠-Xm-Wv.

]pXn-b-\n-b-aw-Xs∂ ]g-b-\n-b-asØ ssZh-h-N-\-ambn

AwKo-I-cn-°p-∂p-s≠∂v hy‡-am-Wv. CXv BZyta a\-

n-em-°-Ww. Aßs\ blq-Z-cpsS hnip-≤-en-Jn-X-ß-fpsS

B[n-Im-cn-IX AwKo-I-cn-°-pIbpw sNøp∂p.131 ]g-b-\n-

b-a-Ønse ̀ mj-Xs∂ D]-tbm-Kn-®p-sIm≠pw IqsS-°qsS

]g-b-\n-b-a-Ønse ]mT-`m-K-ßsf ]cm-a¿in-®p-sIm≠pw

]tcm-£-ambn ]pXn-b-\n-baw CXv AwKo-I-cn-°p-∂p. hmZ-

81

KXn-Iƒ°v ASn-ÿm-\-ambn ]g-b-\n-b-a-Øn¬\n∂v

At\Iw D≤-c-Wn-Iƒ \¬Ip-I-hgn {]Xy-£-ambpw CXv

AwKo-I-cn -°p-∂p. ]pXn-b-\n-b-a-Øn¬ ]g-b-\n-b-a-

Øn¬\n∂v D≤-cn-°p∂ ]mT-`m-K-ßsf ASn-ÿm-\-am-°n-

bp≈ hmZ-Øn\p XnI®pw am\p-jnIw am{X-amb hmZ-sØ-

°mƒ \n¿Æm-bI ta∑bp-≠v. \mem-asØ kphn-ti-j-

Øn¬ ""hnip-≤-en-JnXw \nd-th-dm-Xn-cn-°n-√-t√m'' F∂v

tbip ]d-bp∂p (tbm-l. 10:35). ]g-b-\n-b-a-Ønse shfn-

]mSv ss{IkvX-h-cmb \sΩ kw_-‘n®pw km[p-hm-

sW∂v hnip≤ ]utemkv ]d-bp∂p (cf. tdm-am. 15:4; 1tImdn. 10:11).132 ""\k-dm-b-\mb tbip Hcp blq-Z-\m-bn-

cp∂p F∂pw k -̀bpsS P∑-̀ qan hnip-≤-\m-Sp-I-fm-sW∂pw

\Ωfpw {]Jym-]n-°p-∂p.''133 ss{IkvX-h-a-X-Øns‚ thcp-

Iƒ ]g-b-\n-b-a-Øn-emWv; ss{IkvX-h-aXw \nc-¥-c-ambn

]cn-t]m-jn-∏n-°-s∏-Sp-∂Xpw Cu thcp-Iƒh-gn-bm-Wv. AXp-

sIm≠v am¿knb-\nk-Øns‚ F√m B[p-\nI cq]-ß-

sfbpw icn-bmb ss{IkvXh {]t_m-[\w sNdp-Øn-́ p-≠v.

]g-b-\n-baw hnhn-[-co-Xn-bn¬ ]pXn-b-\n-b-a-Øn-s\-Xn-cm-

sW∂ ImgvN-∏m-SmWv am¿knb-\n-k-Øn-\p-≈-Xv.134

IqSm-sX, ]pXn-b-\n-b-aw-Xs∂ AXv ]g-b-\n-b-a-hp-ambns]mcp-Ø-s∏-´p-t]m-Ip-∂-Xm-sW∂v Ah-Im-i-s∏-Sp-∂p.{InkvXp-hns‚ Pohn-X-Ønepw ac-W-Ønepw Db¿sØ-gp-t∂-ev]nepw, Cu alm-c-l-kyßfn¬, blq-Z-P-\-Øns‚hnip-≤-en-Jn-X-ßƒ kºq¿Æ-ambpw ]q¿Øo-I-cn-°-s∏-´n-cn-°p∂p F∂pw ]pXn-b-\n-baw {]Jym-]n-°p-∂p. "hnip-≤-en-Jn-X-ß-fpsS ]q¿Øo-I-cWw' F∂ Bibw k¶o¿-Æ-am-sW∂ Imcyw {i≤n-t°-≠-Xp-≠v. Imc-Ww, CXn\vaq∂v hyXy-kvX-am-\-ß-fp-≠v. ]g-b\n-b-a-Ønse shfn-]m-Sns‚ XpS¿®-bmWv (continuity) ]pXn-b-\n-baw F∂ ASn-ÿm-\-]-c-amb hkvXpX; c≠pw c≠m-sW∂ hkvXpX(discontinuity); ]q¿Øo-I-cn-°-en-s‚bpw AXo-{μ-nb-Xz-

ssZ-h-h-N-\w


Øn-s‚bpw am\w (fulfilment and transcendence). ]g-b-\n-b-a-Ønse _en-A¿∏n-°-ens‚ XpS¿®-bmWv {InkvXp-hns‚Znhy-c-lkyw ˛ _en-bpsS Dt±iw kw_-‘n-®mWv Cuss\c-¥-cyw. F∂m¬ CXv kw`-hn-°p-∂Xv hfsc hyXy-kvX-amb coXn-bn-em-Wv. At\Iw {]h-N-\-ß-fpsS ]q¿Øo-I-c-W-am-bmWv CXv kw`-hn-°p-∂-Xv. Aßs\ apsºm-cn-°epw D≠m-bn-ń-√mØ Hcp ]cn-]q¿ÆX Cu ]pXn-b-\n-b-a-Ønse _en-°p-≠m-bn. ]g-b-\n-b-a-Øn¬ ÿm]-\]c-amb `mhhpw {]h-N-\-Ønt‚Xmb `mhhpw XΩn¬[mcmfw kwL¿j-ß-fp-≠m-bn-́ p-≠v. {InkvXp-hns‚ s]k-lm-c-l-kyw hnip-≤-en-Jn-X-ß-fnse {]h-N-\-ß-fp-ambpwkqN-\-I-fp-ambpw ]q¿Æ-ambpw s]mcpØw \ne-\n¿Øp-∂p-≠v. ap≥Iq-ń-Im-Wm≥ Ign-bmØ Hcp coXn-bn-em-sW-¶n¬°qSn Cu s]mcpØw D≠m-bn-cp-∂p. AtX-k-a-bw-Xs∂ ]g-b-\n-b-a-Ønse ÿm]nXm-Nmc-ß-fp-ambn H´pws]mcp-Ø-an-s√-∂Xpw hy‡-am-Wv.

41. ss{IkvX-hsc kw_-‘n-®n-S-tØmfw ]g-b-\n-b-a-Øn\v A\-\y-amb {]m[m-\y-ap-s≠∂p ImWn-°p-∂-XmWvCu hnNn-¥-\-ßƒ. AtX-k-a-bw-Xs∂ {InkvXp-hn⁄m-\o-b-amb hymJym-\-Øns‚ ]pXp-abpw CXv shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂p. At∏m-kvX-e-∑m-cpsS Imew-sXm-́ p-Xs∂ Xncp-kÀXns‚ kPoh ]mc-º-cy-Øn¬ kqN-tIm-]-tZi hymJym-\-Øn-eqsS ]gb \nb-a-Ønepw ]pXnb \nb-a-Ønepw {]I-S-am-Ip-∂Xv ssZh-Øns‚ Htc ]≤-Xn-bmWv F∂hkvXpX Du∂n-∏-d-™n-́ p≠v; Cu {]{Inb B¿°pw X∂n-„-{]-Imcw ]n¥p-S-cm-hp∂ H∂-√. hnip≤{KŸ-Øn¬ hnh-cn-°p∂ kw`-h-ß-fp-ambn B¥-cn-I-_‘w ]pe¿Øp∂Hcp hymJym-\-co-Xn-bmWv CXv. A-ßs\ AXp hnip-≤-en-Jn-X-ßsf apgp-h≥ Dƒs°m-≈p∂p. ""kqN-tIm-]-tZiw(typology) ]gb\nb-a-Ønse ssZhØns‚ {]h¿Ø\-ß-fn¬ Ime-Øns‚ XnI-hn¬ a\p-jy-\m-bn-∏n-d∂ ssZh-

83

]p-{X≥ ]q¿Øo-I-cn® F√m {]h¿Ø\-ß-fp-sSbpwap≥Iq¿ kqN\ ImWp∂p.''135 ss{I-kvX-h¿ ]gb\nbawhmbn-°p-∂Xv Ipcn-ip-a-cWw hcn-°p-Ibpw Dbn¿sØ-gp-t∂¬°p-Ibpw sNbvX {InkvXp-hns‚ shfn-®-Øn-emWv.]pXnb\nb-a-Øns‚ ImgvN-∏m-Sn¬ \n∂pt\m°p-tºmƒkqN-tIm-]-tZ-i-co-Xn-bn-ep≈ hymJym\w ]g-b-\n-b-a-Øn¬hfscb[nIw hkvXp-X-Iƒ AS-ßn-bn-́ ps≠∂v hy‡-am-°p-∂p-s≠-¶nepw; ]gb\nb-a-Øn\v shfn-]m-sS∂\ne-bn¬ AXn-t‚-Xmb aqey-aps≠∂ hkvXpX \mw hnkva-cn-°-cpXv. CXv I¿Ømhv Xs∂ FSpØp]d-™n-´p-≈-XmWv (cf. a¿t°m. 12:29˛31). C°m-c-W-Øm¬ ""]g-b-\n-b-a-Øns‚ shfn-®-Øn-emWv ]pXnb\nbaw hmbn-t°-≠Xv. ss{IkvXh aX-t_m-[\w \nc-¥cw ]g-b-\n-b-asØ{]tbm-P-\-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-cp∂p'' (cf. 1 tImdn. 5:6˛8; 1 tImdn.10:1˛11).136 ""blq-Z¿ ss__n-fns\ Fßs\ a\- n-em-°p∂p F∂Xv hnip≤enJn-X-ßƒ ]Tn-°p-∂-Xn\pw a\- n-em-°p-∂-Xn\pw ss{IkvX-h¿°v klm-b-I-amImw.''F∂v kn\Uv ]nXm-°-∑m¿ ]d-™Xv Cu Imc-W-Øm-emWv.137 ""]g-b-\n-b-aw ]pXnb\nbaØn¬ A¥¿`-hn®ncn°p∂p. ]p-Xnb-\nb-aamIs´ ]g-b-\n-b-asØ shfn-®-Øp-sIm-≠p-h-cp∂p''138 F∂v hnip≤ AK-kvXo-t\mkvkq£va-Zr-jvSn-tbmsS Is≠-Øn-bn-cn-°p∂p. AXp-sIm≠v]gb \nb-ahpw ]pXnb\nb-ahpw XΩn-ep≈ KmV-amb_‘w hy‡-ambn shfn-®-Øp-sIm-≠p-h-tc-≠Xv AP-]m-e-\- km-l-N-cy-ß-fnepw ]T-\-th-Zn-I-fnepw hfsc {]m[m-\y-a¿ln-°p∂p. ""]g-b-\n-baw hmKvZm\w sNbvXXv]pXnb\nbaw Zriy-am°n; ]g-b-\n-baw \nKqV-amb coXn-bn¬ ]d-™p-h-®Xv ]pXnb\nbaw h¿Ø-am-\-Im-eØv \S-°p-∂-Xp-t]mse Xpd-∂p-{]-Jym-]n-°p∂p. AXp-sIm≠v ]g-b-\n-baw, ]pXn-b\nbaw kw_-‘n® Hcp {]h-N-\-amWv]pXn-b-\n-b-a-amWv ]g-b-\n-b-a-Øns‚ G‰hpw \√

ssZ-h-h-N-\w


hnhcWw.'' F∂v alm-\mb hnip≤ {KnKdn ]d-™-Xn\vA\p-kr-X-amWv Cu kao-]\w.139

ss__n-fnse ""Ccp-f-S™'' ]mT-̀ m-K-ßƒ

42. ]gb\nb-ahpw ]pXnb\nb-ahpw XΩn-ep≈ _‘w

N¿®-sN-øp-tºmƒ ss__n-fns‚ Nne ]mT-`m-K-ß-fn¬

ImWp∂ A{I-ahpw Ak-∑m¿§n-I-Xbpw B ]mT-`m-K-

ßsf Ahy-‡hpw {Kln-°m≥ {]bm-k-ap-≈-Xp-am-°n-

Øo¿°p∂p F∂Xpw kn\Uv N¿®-sNbvXp. ChnsS \mw

Hm¿Ωn-®n-cn-t°≠ H∂m-asØ Imcyw ss__n-fnse shfn-

]mSv Ncn-{X-Øn¬ Bg-Øn¬ thtcm-Sn-bn-´p-≈-XmWv

F∂t{X. ssZh-Øns‚ ]-≤Xn ]Sn-]-Sn-bm-bn-´mWv shfn-

s∏-Sp-Øp-∂Xv. a\p-jys‚ sNdp-Øp-\n-ev]p-≠m-bn-´p-IqSn

]e L´-ß-fn-em-bn-´v Cu shfn-∏-Sp-Ø¬ ]q¿Øn-bm-°-

s∏-́ n-́ p-ap≠v. ssZhw Hcp P\sØ sXc-s™-SpØp. Ah¿-

°v am¿§-Z¿i\w \¬Ip-∂-Xn\pw hnZym-`ymkw \evIp-∂-

Xn\pw £am-]q¿Δw ssZhw ]cn-{i-an®p. hnZq-c-amb Ime-

L-́ -ß-fnse kmwkvIm-cn-Ihpw kZm-Nm-c-]-c-hp-amb Xe-

ßƒ°v A\p-tbm-Py-amw-hn-[-amWv shfn-]mSv D≠m-bn-´p-

≈Xv. AXp-sIm≠v AØcw IrXy-ß-fpsS Akm-∑m¿§n-

I-Xsb Xpd∂p X≈n-∏-d-bmsX NXn, Ir{Xnaw, {Iqc-Ir-

Xy-ßƒ, Iq´-s°me XpS-ßnb kw`-h-ß-tfbpw, BNm-c-

ß-tfbpw hnh-cn-°p-∂p≠v. Ncn-{X-Øns‚ ]›m-Ø-e-

Øn¬ CXp hni-Zo-I-cn-°m≥ Ignbpw. F¶nepw C°m-

esØ A\p-hm-N-I¿°v CXv kw{`aw D≠m-°n-tb°mw,

{]tXy-In®pw \q‰m-≠p-I-fn-eqsS \S-Øn-bn-´p≈ \ΩpsS

Ime-L-́ -Ønepw \S-°p∂, At\Iw ""Ccp≠ kw -̀h-ßƒ

IW-°n-se-Sp-°m-Ø-h-cmWv Ah-sc-¶n¬. ]g-b-\n-b-a-

Øn¬ {]hm-N-I-∑m-cpsS hm°pIƒ F√m-Øcw A\o-Xn-

tbbpw A{I-a-ßsfbpw i‡-ambn sh√p-hn-fn-®n-cn-°p∂p.

A{I-ahpw A\o-Xnbpw Hcp hy‡n-bp-tS-Xm-Is´ kaq-l-

85

Øn-t‚-Xm-Is´ AXns\ {]hm-N-I-∑m¿ tNmZyw sNbvXn-

cp∂p. A{]-Imcw kphn-ti-j-Øn-\mbn P\sØ ]cn-io-

en-∏n-°p-∂-Xn\v ssZhw Xnc-s™-SpØ am¿§-am-bn-cp∂p

CXv. AXp-sIm≠v hnip-≤-en-Jn-X-ß-fnse CØcw ]mT-

`m-K-ßƒ Ah {]iv\-ßƒ \nd-™-XmWv F∂-Xns‚

t]cn¬ Ah-K-Wn-°p-∂Xv icn-bm-bn-cn-°p-In√. t\tc-a-dn®v,

CØcw ]mT-`m-K-ßƒ hymJym-\n-°p-∂-Xn\v {]tXyI

sshZKv≤yw Bh-iy-amWv F∂v \mw a\ nem-t°-≠-

Xp≠v. Ncn-{X-Øn-s‚bpw kmln-Xy-Øn-t‚bpw ]›m-Ø-

e-Øn¬ ss{IkvX-h-Im-gvN-∏m-Sn¬ \n∂p-sIm≠v ]mT-`m-

K-ßƒ hymJym-\n-°m-\p≈ ]cn-io-e-\-Øn-eqsS t\tS-≠-

XmWv Cu sshZKv≤yw. Cu ss{IkvXh ImgvN-∏m-SmWv,

""kphn-ti-jhpw s]k-lm-c-l-ky-Øn-eqsS tbip-{InkvXp

sIm≠p-h∂ ]pXnb Iev]-\bpw a\- n-em-°m-\p≈; B

hn⁄m-\-Øns‚ Ad Xpd-°m-\p≈, hnip-≤-en-JnX

hymJym-\-Øns‚ Ah-km-\sØ Xm-t°m¬.140 Cu ]mT-

`m-K-ßsf, {InkvXp-hm-Ip∂ Znhy-c-l-ky-Øns‚ shfn-®-

Øn¬ A¿∞w a\- n-em-°m-\m-Ip∂ Hcp hymJym-\-Øn-

eqsS kao-]n-°p-hm≥ F√m hnizm-kn-I-tfbpw klm-bn-

°-W-sa∂v ]WvUn-X-∑mscbpw AP-]m-e-I-scbpw Rm≥

DXvt_m-[n-∏n-°p∂p.

ss{IkvX-hcpw blq-Zcpw hnip-≤-en-Jn-X-ßfpw

43. ]g-b-\n-b-ahpw ]pXnb\nb-ahpw XΩn-ep≈ KmV-amb _‘w ]cn-tim-[n-®-tijw, kzm`m-hn-I-ambpw ss{I-kvX-hcpw blq-Zcpw XΩn-ep≈ khn-ti-j-amb _‘-Øn-te°v \mw {i≤-Xn-cn-°p∂p. Cu _‘w Hcn-°epw Ah-K-Wn-®p-IqSm. tPm¨t]mƒ c≠m-a≥ am¿]m∏ blq-Z-∑m-tcmSv kwkm-cn-®-t∏mƒ, Ahsc, ""\ΩpsS ]nXm-hmbA{_m-l-ans‚ hnizm-k-Øn¬ \ΩpsS {]nb-s∏´ ktlm-Z-c-∑m¿'' F∂p hnfn®p.141 Cu hkvXpX AwKo-I-cn-°p-

ssZ-h-h-N-\w


∂Xv ]gb\nb-a-Ønse ÿm]nXmNmcß-fp-ambn XpS¿®C√ F∂v ]pXnb\nbaw FSp-Øp-]-d-bp∂ kμ¿`-ßsfIW-°n -se -Sp°-cpXv , F∂v A¿∞-am -°p -∂n√.hnip≤enJn-X-ßƒ ]q¿Øo-I-cn-°-s∏-Sp-∂Xv tbip-{In-kvXp-hm-Ip∂ Znhy-c-l-ky-ß-fn-em-sW∂ hkvXp-XbpwAh-K-Wn-®p-sIm-≠√ tbip-{InkvXp anin-lmbpw, ssZh-]p-{X-\p-am-sW∂v AwKo-I-cn-®p-sIm-≠mWv CXv ]d-bp-∂Xv.AXp-t]mse Ccp \nb-a-ßfpw XΩn¬ ASn-ÿm-\-]-c-ambnBg-ta-dnb hyXym-k-ßƒ Ds≠-¶nepw Ah ]ckv]cwi{XpX ]pe¿Øp∂p F∂v A¿∞-an√. hnip≤]utemkns‚ amXrI (cf. tdmam. 9:11) \sΩ ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂Xv: ""blq-Z-P-\-X-tbm-Sv, BZ-c-hn-s‚bpw aXn-∏n-s‚bpwkvt\l-Øn-s‚bpw Acq-]n-bn¬ h¿Øn-°pI F∂-XmWv{InkvXo-b-amb GI at\m-`mhw F∂-t{X. C∂sØkml-N-cy-Øn¬, apgp-h≥ {Inbm-fl-I-amb ssZhn-I-]-≤-Xn-bpsS cl-ky-Øns‚ `mK-am-WXv.-'' blq-Z-∑m-sc-∏‰nAt±lw ]d-bp-∂Xv CXmWv. ""sXc-s™-Sp∏v kw_-‘n-®m-Is´, Ah-cpsS ]q¿Δn-I-sc-{]Xn Ah¿ kvt\l-`m-P-\-ß-fmWv. Fs¥-∂m¬ ssZh-Øns‚ Zm\-ßfpw hnfnbpw]n≥h-en-°-s∏-Sm-hp-∂-X√'' (tdmam. 11:28,29).

ss{IkvX-hcpw blq-Zcpw XΩn-ep≈ KmV-amb _‘whnh-cn-°p-∂-Xn\v hnip≤ ]utemkv Henhv hr£-Øns‚at\m-l-c-amb D]a {]tbm-P-\-s∏-Sp-Øp∂p. hnPm-Xo-b-cpsS k` Im´nse Hcp Henhv sNSn-t]m-se-bmWv DS-º-Sn-bpsS P\-amb \√ HenhpsNSn-bn¬ Cu Im´v Hen-hnt\H´n-°p∂p, {Km^v‰p sNøp∂p (cf. tdmam. 11:17˛24).thsdmcpcoXn-bn¬ ]d-™m¬, \sΩ ]cn-t]m-jn-∏n-°p-∂Xv Htc Bflob thcp-I-fmWv. Ncn-{X-Øns‚ Nne \nan-j-ß-fn¬ kwL¿j-Øns‚ _‘w ]pe¿Øn-bn-cp-∂-hcpwF∂m¬ C∂v imiz-X-amb kulr-Z-Øns‚ ]me-ßƒ]Wn-bm≥ Dd® {]Xn-_-≤-X-bp-≈-h-cp-amb ktlm-Z-co-k-

87

tlm-Z-c-∑m-sc-t∏mse \mw ]c-kv]cw I≠p-ap-´p∂p, CS-s]-Sp∂p.143 as‰mc-h-k-c-Øn¬ tPm¨ t]mƒ c≠m-a≥am¿]m∏ Cßs\ ]d™p: ""\ap°v Ht´sd Imcy-ßƒs]mXp-hm-bp≠v, \mw kl-I-cn®v {]h¿Øn-®m¬ kam-[m-\-Øn\pw \oXn°pw Iptd-°qSn kulm¿±hpw a\p-jy-Xz-hp-ap≈ Hcp temI-Øn-\p-wth≠n Ht´sd Imcy-ßƒsNøp-hm≥ Ignbpw.''144

blq-Z-cp-am-bp≈ N¿®Iƒ Xncp-k` F{X-am{Xw hne-

a-Xn-°p∂p F∂v Hcn-°¬°qSn FSp-Øp-]-d-bp-hm≥ Rm\m-

{K-ln-°p∂p. DNn-X-amb kμ¿ -̀ß-fn-se√mw ]c-ky-ambpw

hy‡n-I-sf∂\ne-bnepw I≠p-ap-́ p-∂-Xn\pw Bi-b-hn-\n-

abw \S-Øp-∂-Xn\pw Ah-k-c-ßƒ krjvSn-°p-∂Xv \∂m-

bn-cn°pw. Aßs\ ]c-kv]cw Adn-bp-∂-Xn\pw ]c-kv]-

c-_-lp-am-\hpw kl-I-c-Whpw hf¿Øp-∂-Xn\pw Ignbpw.

AXp-t]mseXs∂, hnip-≤-en-Jn-X-ß-fpsS ]T-\-Øn-eqsS

]c-kv]-c-ap≈ Adnhv hf¿Øp∂-Xn\pw km[n-°pw.

auen-I-hm-Z]c-amb hnip-≤-en-Jn-X-hym-Jym\w

44. ss__nƒ hymJym\w kw_-‘n-®p≈ hyXy-kvX-

k-ao-]-\-ß-fn¬ {i≤ ]Xn-∏n-®- \ap°v kn\Un¬ ]e-

t∏mgpw N¿®-sN-ø-s∏´ as‰mcp hnjbw Ct∏mƒ ]cn-tim-

[n-°m≥ Ignbpw: auen-I-hm-Z]c-amb hnip-≤-en-Jn-X

hymJym-\-coXn.145 s]m¥n-^n-°¬ _nªn-°¬ IΩo-j≥

ss__nƒ hymJym\w k`-bn¬, F∂ {]am-W-tc-J-bn¬

kp{]-[m-\-amb Nne am¿§-\n¿t±-i-ßƒ \evIn-bn-´p≠v.

hnip≤{KŸ-Øns‚ B[n-Im-cn-I-Xsb am\n-°mØ Nne

kao-]-\-ß-sf-∏-‰n-bmWv F\n°v ]d-bm-\p-≈Xv. Ah¿

hy‡n-K-Xhpw \nc-¶p-i-hp-amb coXn-bn¬ ]mT-`m-K-ßƒ

hymJym-\n-°p-∂-Xns\ t{]m’m-ln-∏n-°p∂p. ""A£-

cm¿∞-Øneq-∂nb'' auen-I-amb hym-Jym\w bYm¿∞-

Øn¬ {KŸ-Øns‚ hmNym¿∞-tØbpw Bflo-b-amb

ssZ-h-h-N-\w


s]mcp-fn-t\bpw H‰n-s°m-Sp-°p-I-bmWv sNøp-∂Xv. hnhn[

coXn-bn-ep≈ Ir{Xna hymJym-\-cq-]-ßƒ°v CXv hgn-Xp-d°p∂p. DZm-l-c-W-Øn\v k`mhn-cp-≤-amb hnip≤ enJn-X-hym-Jym-\-ßƒ Ah¿ {]N-cn-∏n-°p∂p. ""auen-I-hm-Z]c-amb hymJym-\-Ønse ASn-ÿm-\-]-c-amb {]iv\wss__n-fnse shfn-]m-Sns‚ Ncn-{X-]-c-amb kz`mhw IW-°n-se-Sp-°p-∂n√ F∂-XmWv. AXp-sIm≠v a\p-jym-h-Xm-c-Øn-s‚-t]mepw ]q¿Æ-amb kXyw AwKo-I-cn-°m≥CØcw hymJym-\-ßƒ°v Ign-bmsXt]mIp∂p. ssZh-hp-am-bp≈ _‘-ßsf kw_-‘n-®n-S-tØmfw a\p-jycpwssZhhpw XΩn-ep≈ ASp-∏-Øn¬ \n∂v c£-s∏-Sm-\mWvauen-I-hm-Zn-Iƒ {ian-°p-∂Xv.... C°m-c-W-Øm¬ ]cn-ip-≤m-cq]n Hmtcm hm°pw ]d-™p-sIm-SpØv Fgp-Xn®p F∂coXn-bn¬ Ah¿ {KŸsØ ssIImcyw sNøp∂p. hnhn[Ime-L-́ -ß-fnse ̀ mjbpw Bhn-jvI-c-W-co-Xn-Ifpw A\p-k-cn-®mWv ssZh-h-N\w cq]w {]m]n-®n-́ p-≈Xv F∂Xv Xncn-®-dn-bm≥ Ign-bp-∂n√.''146 t\tcadn®v, ss{IkvX-h-a-X-am-Is´, hm°p-I-fn¬, a\p-jy-N-cn-{X-Øns‚ k¶o¿Æ-X-bnepw bm-Ym¿∞y-ØnepwIqSn Xs‚ Znhy-c-lkyw shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp∂ hN-\-sØ-Øs∂ (logos) ImWp∂p.147 hN-\sØ Xncn-®-dn-bp∂p. auen-I-hm-Zn-I-fpsS kao-]-\-tØm-Sp≈ icn-bmb {]Xn-I-cWw ""hnizm-k-\n¿`-c-amb hnip-≤-en-JnX hymJym-\-amWv.'' CØ-c-Øn-ep≈ hym-Jym\w""{]mNo-\-Imew apXte Xncp-k-̀ -bpsS ]mc-º-cy-Øn¬ \ne-hn-en-cp∂p. km[mW hy‡n-]-c-ambn Hmtcm ss{IkvX-h-hn-izm-kn-°pw -th-≠nbpw k`-bv°p-th-≠nbpw c£-Wo-b-amb k-XysØ tXSp-hm-\m-bn-cp∂p AXns‚ {iaw. hnip-≤-{KŸw kw_-‘n® ]mc-º-cy-Øns‚ Ncn-{X-]-c-ambaqeyw AXv Xncn-®-dn-bp∂p. Ncn-{X-]-c-amb Hcp km£ywF∂ \nebv°v hnip-≤-{K-Ÿm-[n-jvTn-X-amb ]mc-º-cy-Øn\v aqey-ap-≈-Xp-sIm-≠mWv C∂sØ hnizm-kn-I-fpsS

89

Pohn-X-Øn-\mbn hnip-≤-en-Jn-X-ß-fpsS kPo-h-ambA¿∞w Is≠-Øm≥ Cu hym-Jym\w {ian-°p-∂Xv.''148

AtXkabw, {]tNm-Zn-X-amb {KŸ-Øn-t‚bpw kmln-Xy-hn-̀ m-K-Øn-t‚bpw am\p-jn-I-amb a≤yÿw Ah-K-Wn-°p-

∂p-an√.

AP-]m-e-I¿, ssZh-im-kv{X-⁄¿, hnip-≤-enJnX hymJym-Xm-°ƒ ˛ Ch¿ XΩn-ep≈kwhmZw

45. hnizmkw kw_-‘n®p≈ B[n-Im-cn-I-amb Hcp

hnip≤-{K-Ÿ-hym-Jym\Øn\v k`-bpsS AP-]m-e-\-{]-

h¿Ø-\-ß-fn¬ kp{]-[m-\-amb ]e A\-¥-c-^-e-ßƒ

D≠mIpw. DZm-l-c-W-Øn\v, AP-]m-e-Icpw hymJym-Xm-

°fpw ssZh-im-kv{X-⁄cpw ]c-kv]cw IqSp -X¬

ASpØ_‘w ]pe¿Ø-W-sa∂v kn\Uv ]nXm-°-∑m¿

Xs∂ ip]m¿i-sNbvXp. ""ssZh-h-N-\-Øns‚ ip{iq-j-

bn¬ IqSp-X¬ Iq´mbva D≠m-°pI F∂ Dt±-i-tØm-Sp-

IqSn''149 sa{Xm≥k-an-Xn-Iƒ°v CØcw HØp-tN-cepIƒ

kwL-Sn-∏n-°m≥ Ignbpw. CØ-c-Øn-ep≈ kl-I-cWw

apgp-h≥ k`-bp-sSbpw \∑-°mbn Xß-fpsS tPmen IqSp-

X¬ ^e-{]-Z-ambn \n¿Δ-ln-°m≥ F√m-h-scbpw klm-

bn°pw. ]WvUn-X-∑msc kw_-‘n®pw Cu AP-]m-e-\-

k-ao-]\w KpW-I-c-am-bn-cn°pw. \ΩpsS \nXy-c-£-°p-

th≠n I¿Ømhv \ap°v \evIp∂ ktμ-i-amWv F∂

Xncn-®-dn-thmsS thWw Ah¿ hnip-≤-en-Jn-X-ßsf kao-

]n-°p-hm≥. "ssZh-h-N\w' F∂ {]amW-tc-J-bn¬ ]d-

bp-∂Xv CXmWv; ""ItØm-en-°-cmb hnip-≤-en-Jn-X-hym-

Jym-Xm-°fpw ssZh-im-kv{X-Øns‚ taJ-e-bn¬ {]h¿Øn-

°p-∂-hcpw D’m-l-tØmsS ]c-kv]cw kl-I-cn®pw k -̀

bpsS {]t_m-[-\m-[n-Im-c-Øns‚ kq£va-amb ta¬t\m-´-

Ønepw {]h¿Øn-°Ww. ssZh-P-\-Øn\v hnip-≤-en-Jn-

ssZ-h-h-N-\w


X-sa∂ t]mj-Im-lmcw ^e-{]-Z-ambn e`yam-°p-∂-Xn\v,

ssZh-h-N-\-ip-{iq-j-Isc ]c-am-h[n i‡-cm-°m≥ Ign-

bp∂ coXn-bn¬, A\p-tbm-Py-amb kmt¶-Xn-I-co-Xn-Iƒ

kzoI-cn®v, Ah¿ Iq´mbn hnip-≤-{K-Ÿ-̀ m-K-ß¬ ]cn-tim-

[n-°p-Ibpw hni-Zo-I-cn-°p-I-bpw-sN-øm≥ Hcp-sº-SWw. Cu

t]mj-Im-lmcw a\- n\p shfn®w ]I-cp∂p, C—m-i-

‡n°p _ew-\¬Ip∂p, P\-ßfpsS lrZ-b-ßsf ssZh-

kvt\-l-Øm¬ Pzen-∏n-°p∂p.''150

ss__nfpw FIyp-sa-\n-khpw

46. a\p-jym-h-Xmcw sNbvX ssZh-h-N-\-amb {InkvXp-

hn-emWv k`-bpsS AkvXn-hmcw F∂ Ah-t_m-[-tØm-

sS {InkvXp-hn¬ hniz-kn-°p∂ F√m-h-cp-sSbpw sFIy-

Øns‚ ]q¿Æ-amb Bhn-jvI-cWw e-£y-am-°n-s°m≠v,

k`m˛sFIy-Øn-\m-bp≈ kwhm-Z-Øn¬ hnip-≤-{K-Ÿ-]-

T-\-Øn-\p≈ {]ap-J-ÿm\w Du∂n-∏-d-bm≥ kn\Uv B{K-

ln®p.151 Xs‚ A\p-bm-bn-Iƒ H∂m-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xn\pw A-

ßs\ temIw hniz-kn-°p-∂-Xn\pwth≠n ]nXm-hn-t\mSv

tbip \S-Øp∂ lrZ-b-Øn¬\n-∂p≈ {]m¿∞\ hnip-

≤-{K-Ÿ-Øn¬X-s∂-bp≠v (cf. tbml. 17:21). hnip≤ enJn-

X-ßƒ hmbn®ptIƒ°p-Ibpw Ah-sb-∏‰n Iq´mbn [ym\n-

°p-Ibpw sNøp-tºmƒ ]q¿Æ-a-s√-¶nepw bYm¿∞-Øn-

ep≈ Hcp Iq´mbva A\p-̀ -h-s∏Spw F∂ \ΩpsS t_m≤y-

sØ IqSp-X¬ i‡n-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-XmWv ta¬∏d-™-sX-

√mw.152 ""Iq´mbn ssZh-h-N\w hmbn-®p-tIƒ-°p-∂Xv kvt\-

l-Øns‚ kwhm-Z-Øn-te°v \oßm≥ \sΩ DtØ-Pn-

∏n°pw; kXy-Øn-\m-bp≈ kwhmZw hf-cm≥ klm-bn-°p-

Ibpw sNøpw.''153 Iq´mbn ssZh-h-N\w hmbn-®p-tIƒ-

°pI, ⁄m\-hmb\bpsS (lectio divina) A¥-co-£-Øn¬

Znhy-h-N\w {ihn-°pI, Hcn-°epw Ime-l-c-W-s∏-SmØ

ssZh-h-N-\-Øns‚ \nXy-\q-X-\-`mhw \Ωn-te-°n-d-ßm≥

91

kzbw A\p-h-Zn-°pI, \ΩpsS A`n-{]m-b-ßfpw ap≥hn-

[n-I-fp-ambn s]mcp-Ø-s∏-SmØ hN-\-tØmSpIm´p∂ _[n-

c-X-sb AXn-Po-hn°pI, F√m bpK-ß-f-nsebpw hnizm-

kn-I-fp-ambn Iq´mbva ]pe¿Øn-s°m≠v ssZh-h-N\w

tIƒ°p-Ibpw ]Tn-°p-Ibpw sNøpI — CsX√mw ssZh-

h-N\w {ihn®v AXn-t\m-Sp≈ {]Xn-I-c-W-ambn hnizm-k-

Øns‚ sFIy-Øn¬ FØn-t®-cm-\p≈ am¿§sØ {]Xn-

\n-[o-I-cn-°p∂p.154 CXp kw_-‘n®v c≠mw hØn-°m≥

Iu¨kn¬ ]d-bp-∂Xv hy‡-amWv. ""Znhy-c-£-I≥ F√m-

h¿°pw \evIm≥ B{K-ln-°p∂ B sFIyw t\Sp-∂Xn\v

k`m˛sFIy˛ kwhm-Z-Øn¬Xs∂, hnip≤ enJn-X-ßƒ,

ssZh-Øns‚ i‡-amb Icßfn¬ hne-s∏´ Hcp-]-I-c-

W-amWv.''155 AXp-sIm≠v k`m-sF-Iy-Øn-\m-bp≈ ]T\-

hpw N¿®bpw ssZh-h-N-\-ip-{iq-jbpw h¿≤n-∏n-°-Ww.

\ne-hn-ep≈ am\-Z-WvU-ßfpw ]mc-º-cy-ß-fpsS sshhn-

[yhpw th≠{X am\n-®p-sIm-≠m-IWw CXp {]m-h¿Øn-

I-am-°pI.156 Cu BtLm-j-ßƒ k`m-sF-Iy-{]-ÿm-

\sØ aptºm´p \bn°pw. Ah icn-bmb coXn-bn¬ \S-

Øp-tºmƒ Htc tai-°p-Np-‰p-an-cp∂v, Htc ]m\-]m-{X-Øn¬-

\n∂p ]m\w sNøp∂ Znhkw thKw FØn-t®-cp-∂-Xn\v

ssZh-tØmSv Bflm¿∞-ambn At]-£n-°p∂ Xo£vWm-

\p-`-h-Øns‚ \nan-j-ßsf Ah {]Xn-\n-[m\w sNøpw.

CØcw ip{iq-j-Iƒ {]iw-km¿lhpw Ah t{]m-’m-ln-

∏n-°p-∂Xv \√Xpw BsW-¶nepw, Rmb-dm-gvN-I-fnepw IS-

ap≈ Xncp-\m-fp-I-fnepw Znhy-_enbn¬ ]¶p-tNcp-∂-Xn\p

]Icw CØcw ip{iq-j-Iƒ aXn-bmIpw F∂v hnizm-kn-

Iƒ°v tXm∂-Ø-°-hn[w CXv \n¿t±-in-°m-Xn-cn-°m≥

{i≤n-°Ww.

]T-\-Øn-s‚bpw {]m¿∞-\-bp-sSbpw Cu ip{iqj-bn¬

C\nbpw IqSp-X¬ Bg-Øn¬ ]Tn-t°≠ Imcy-ßfpw

hyXykvX A`n-{]m-b-ßƒ \ne-\n-ev°p∂ Imcy-ßfpw \mw

ssZ-h-h-N-\w


ka-Nn-Ø-X-tbmsS Xncn-®-dn-bp∂p. k`-bn¬ B[n-Im-cn-

I-ambn \S-Øp∂ hymJym-\hpw hymJym-\-Øn¬ {]t_m-

[-\m-[n-Im-c-Øn-\p≈ \n¿Æm-b-I-amb ]¶pw a\- n-em-

°pI F∂Xv Cß-s\-bp≈ Hcp Imcy-amWv.157

Ah-km-\-ambn, ss__nƒ hnhn[ `mj-I-fn-te°p

hnh¿Ø\w sNøp-∂-Xp-kw-_-‘n®v, k`m-sF-Iy-Øn¬

AXn-\p≈ {]m[m\yw kw_-‘n®v, kn\Uv ]nXm-°-∑m¿

\S-Ønb {]Jym-]-\-ßƒ°v Du∂¬sImSp-°m≥ Rm≥

B{K-ln-°p∂p. Hcp {KŸw hnh¿Ø\w sNøpIsb∂Xp

bm{¥n-I-ambn \n¿Δ-ln-°m-hp∂ Hcp Imcy-a√ F∂p \ap-

°-dnbmw. Hc¿∞-Øn¬ Hcp Xcw hymJym-\-amWv hnh¿-

Ø\w. CXp kw_-‘n®v hμy-\mb tPm¨ t]mƒ c≠m-

a≥ am¿]m∏ ]d-bp-∂Xv CXmWv: ""hnip-≤-{KŸw kw_-

‘n® hmZ-{]-Xn-hm-Z-ßƒ {]tXy-In®pw ]m›m-Xy-tem-

IØv Fßs\ Ass\-Iy-Øn-te°p \bn®p F∂v A\p-

kva-cn-°p∂ GsXm-cmƒ°pw, Cu s]mXphn-h¿Ø-\-ßƒ

aptºm-́ p≈ F{X {it≤-b-amb Hcp Im¬h-bv]mWv F∂p

Xncn-®-dn -bm≥ Ignbpw.''158 s]mXp-hmb ss__nƒ

hnh¿Ø\w t{]m’m-ln-∏n-°p-∂Xv k`m-sF-Iy-{]-ÿm-

\-Øns‚ Hcp `mK-amWv. Cu kp{]-[m\ tPmen-bn¬

G¿s∏-́ n-cn-°p∂ F√m-h¿°pw \μn-]-d-bm≥ Rm≥ B{K-

ln-°p∂p. Xß-fpsS tPmen-bn¬ ÿntcm-’m-l-tØmsS

aptºm´pt]mIm≥ Ahsc Rm≥ Blzm\w sNøp∂p.

ssZh-im-kv{X-]-T\w kw_-‘n® A\-¥-c-^-e-ßƒ

47. hnizm-k-hp-ambn _‘-s∏-SpØn hnip≤enJn-X-ßƒ ka-{K-ambn hymJym-\n-°p-∂-Xn\v thsdmcp A\-¥-c-^ew IqSn D≠v. ssZh-im-kv{X-Ønepw hnip-≤-en-Jn-X-hy-Jym-\-Ønepw ]cn-io-e\w \evIp-tºmƒ, {]tXy-In®pwsshZn-I-hn-Zym¿∞n-IfpsS ]cn-io-e-\Øn¬, CXn\v A\n-

93

hm-cy-amb Nne A\-¥-c-^-e-ßƒ D≠v. ssZh-h-N\wC∂sØ temI-tØmSpw Xncp-k-̀ tbmSpw hy‡n-]-c-ambn\mw Hmtcm-cp-ØtcmSpw kwkm-cn-°p-∂-XmWv F∂hkvXpX AwKo-I-cn-®p-sIm≠v, ssZh-im-kv{X-Øns‚bYm¿∞ Bflmhv, hnip-≤-en-Jn-X-ß-fpsS ]T-\-amWvF∂v Dd-∏p-h-cp-Øm≥ {i≤n-°Ww. ssZh-h-N\w F∂{]amWtc-J-bpsS 12˛mw \º-dn¬ ]d-™n-́ p≈ am\-Z-WvU-ßƒ°v icn-bmb {i≤ e`n-°p-∂Xv {][m-\-s∏´ kwK-Xn-bmWv. Cu am\-Z-WvU-ßƒ IqSp-X¬ Bg-Øn-ep≈]T-\-Øn\v hnj-b-am-t°-≠-Xp-amWv. hnip≤ enJn-X-ß-tfmSv \njv]-£-amb \ne-]mSv kzoI-cn-°p∂ Kth-jWwt{]m’m-l\w A¿ln-°-p∂n√. ss__n-fns‚ aqe-Ir-Xn-Iƒ cNn-°-s∏-´n-cp∂ `mj-Iƒ ]Tn-°p-Ibpw hymJym-\-Øn\v A\p-tbm-Py-amb am¿§-ßƒ kzoI-cn-°p-IbpwsNøWw. CXp IqSmsX hnZym¿∞n-Iƒ°v Bg-ap≈Bflo-b-Po-hn-Xhpw D≠m-bn-cn-°Ww. F¶n¬am-{Xtahnip-≤-en-Jn-X-ßƒ a\- n-em-°-W-sa-¶n¬ Ah Pohn-X-Øn¬ ]I¿ØWw F∂ hkvXpX t_m≤y-am-hp-I-bp≈q.

ssZh-h-N\w, AXv Fgp-X-s∏-´-Xm-Is´ ]mc-º-cy-Øn-eqsS e`n-®-Xm-Is´, ]Tn-t°-≠Xv Bg-ta-dnb k`m-]-c-ambAcq-]n-bn¬ Bbn-cn-°Ww; AXp \nc-¥cw XpS-tc-≠-XmWv F∂pw Rm≥ DXvt_m-[n-∏n-°p∂p. hnhn[ hnj-b-ß-fn-ep≈ ]cn-io-e\w Xncp-k-̀ -bpsS {]t_m-[-\m-[n-Imcw\S-Øn-bn-´p≈ {]k-‡-amb CS-s]-S-ep-Iƒ IW-°n-se-Sp-°p-I-bpw-thWw. ""{]t_m-[-\m-[n-Imcw ssZh-h-N-\-tØ-°mƒ anI-hp-‰-X√. AXv ssZh-h-N-\-Øns‚ ip{iq-j-bnemWv. AXn\p \evI-s∏-´n-´p-≈Xp am{Xta AXv ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂p≈q. ssZhw Iev]n-®-X-\p-k-cn®pw ]cn-ip-≤m-cq-]n-bpsS klm-b-tØmSp IqSnbpw AXv ssZh-h-N\w {i≤m-]q¿Δw, {ihn-°p∂p, BZ-c-thmsS AXns\ kwc-£n-°p∂p, hniz-kvX-X-tbmsS AXns\ hni-Zo-I-cn-°p∂p,''159

ssZ-h-h-N-\w


k` \evIp∂ {]t_m-[\w ""hnip-≤-]m-c-º-cyhpw hnip≤enJn-X-ßfpw k -̀bpsS {]t_m-[-\m-[n-Im-chpw KmV-ambn]c-kv]cw _‘-s∏-´n-cn-°p-∂p-sh∂pw AXn-sem-∂n\pwa‰p c≠n¬\n∂v th¿s]´p \ne-\n-ev]n√'' F∂pw Xncn-®-dn -™p-sIm-≠m-bn -cn -°Ww.160 c≠mw hØn-°m≥Iu¨kn-ens‚ ]T-\-tØmSv hniz-kvXX ]pe¿Øn-s°m≠v, km¿Δ-{XnI k`-bp-am-bn-´p≈ Iq´m-bva-bn¬hmbn®v hnip-≤-en-Jn-X-ßƒ ]Tn-°p-∂Xv, ssZh-im-kv{X-]-T-\-ß-fpsS bYm¿∞ Bflm-hm-bn-ØocWw F∂vRm≥ {]Xym-in-°p∂p.161

hnip-≤cpw hnip≤enJnX hymJym-\hpw

48. ssZh-h-N\w bYm¿∞Øn¬ Pohn-X-Øn¬ ]I¿-Øn-b-h¿, AXm-bXv, hnip-≤¿, ]d-bp-∂Xv {ihn-°WwF∂ hkvXpX Dƒs∏-Sp-Øp-∂n-s√-¶n¬ hnip-≤-en-Jn-X-hym-Jym\w A]q¿Æ-am-bn-cn°pw.162 ""kPo-h-amb ⁄m\-hm-b\ (lecto divina) ]pWy-hm-∑m-cpsS Pohn-X-amWv,''163

F∂-XmWv kXyw. hnip≤enJn-X-ß-fpsS G‰hpw Bg-ta-dnb hymJym-\-ßƒ \evI-p∂Xv, ssZh-h-N\w {ihn®pwhmbn®pw AXn-s\-∏‰n \nc-¥cw [ym\n®pw Aßs\ Xß-sf-Øs∂ cq]-s∏-Sp-Øm≥ ssZh-h-N-\sØ kzbw A\p-h-Zn-®-h-cmWv.

Xncp-k-`-bpsS Ncn-{X-Øn¬ hnhn[ coXn-bn-ep≈ B-flo-bX cq]w-sIm-≠Xv hnip≤enJn-X-ß-tfmSv \S-Øp∂{]Xy-£-amb {]kvXm-h-ß-fn-eq-sS-bmWv F∂Xv bmZr-—n-I-a√ F∂p Xd-∏n®p ]dbmw. Rm≥ ChnsS, B_-´m-bn-cp-∂ hnip≤ At¥m-\n-bpsS amXr-I-sb-∏-‰n-bmWv Nn¥n-°p∂Xv. ""\o ]q¿Æ-\m-Im≥ B{K-ln-°p-∂p-sh-¶n¬t]mbn \n\-°p-≈-sX√mw hn‰v Zcn-{Z¿°p sImSp-°pI.At∏mƒ kz¿§-Øn¬ \n\°v \nt£]w D≠mIpw. ]ns∂h∂v Fs∂ A\p-K-an-°pI'' (aØm. 19:21) F∂ {InkvXp-

95

hns‚ hm°p -Iƒ At± -l-Øns‚ lrZ -bsØkv]¿in®p.164 CXp-t]mse Xs∂ {it≤-b-amWv alm-\mbhnip≤ _mkn¬ "samdm-enb' F∂ IrXn-bn¬ D∂-bn-°p∂ tNmZyw: ""hnizm-k-Øns‚ khn-ti-j-amb AS-bmfwF-¥mWv? ssZhw {]tNm-Z\w \evIn Fgp-Xnb hm°p-Iƒ kXy-amsW∂ ]q¿Æhpw kwi-bm-Xo-X-hp-ambhnizmkw.... hnizm-kn-I-fpsS khn-ti-jamb -AS-bmfwF¥mWv? AtX Dd® ]q¿Æ-t_m-≤y-tØm-Sp-IqSn, hnip≤enJn-X-ß-fnse hm°p-I-fpsS s]mcpƒ A\p-k-cn®v Xß-fpsS PohnXw Nn´-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂Xv. enJn-X-ß-fn¬ \n∂pwFs¥-¶nepw FSp-Øp-am-‰mt\m AXn-t\mSv Fs¥-¶nepwIq´n-t®¿°mt\m ss[cy-s∏-SmsX F√mw Pohn-X-Øn¬]I¿Øp-∂Xv.''165 hnip≤ s_\-UnIvSv Xs‚ N´-ß-fn¬(rules) "hnip≤ enJn-X-ßƒ ""a\p-jy-Po-hn-X-Øn\pth≠G‰w ]q¿Æ-amb N´-amWv'' F∂p ]d-bp∂p.166 hnip≤{^m≥kokv A o-kn-sb-∏‰n kem-t\m-bnse tXma- n¬\n∂pw \mw a\- n-em-°-p∂Xv CXmWv: ""{InkvXp-hns‚ injy-∑m¿ bm{X-t]m-Ip-tºmƒ kz¿-Ætam,sh≈ntbm ]Wtam, A∏tam, hSntbm sIm≠p-t]mI-cpXv,Ah¿ sNcn∏p sIm≠p-t]m-I-cpXv c≠p hkv{X-ßƒsIm≠p-t]m-I-cpXv'' F∂v tI -́t∏mƒ ]cn-ip-≤m-cq-]n-bn¬B\-μ-tØm-Sp-IqSn {^m≥kokv Cßs\ Dd-s°-hn-fn®p]d™p: ""CXmWv F\n-°p-th-≠Xv; CXmWv Rm≥ Bh-iy-s∏-´Xv; apgp-h≥ lrZ-b-tØm-Sp-IqSn CXp sNøm≥Rm≥ B{K-ln-°p∂p.''167 A o-kn-bnse hnip≤¢mcbv°pw hnip≤ {^m≥ko-kns‚ Cu A\p-`hØn¬]q¿Æ-ambpw ]¶p-tN¿∂p. "Zcn-{Z-k-tlm-Z-cn-am¿' F∂ k -̀bnse Pohn-X-coXn CXm-bn-cn°pw: ""I¿Øm-hmb tbip-{In-kvXp-hns‚ hnip≤ kphn-ti-j-Øn¬ ]d-bp-∂Xv ]men-°pI.''168 AXp-t]mse Xs∂ hnip≤ sUman-\n°v; ""Fhn-tSbpw kphn-ti-j-a-\p-k-cn®v Pohn-°p∂ Hcm-fmWv

ssZ-h-h-N-\w


Xms\∂v At±lw hy‡-am°n. hm°nepw {]hr-Øn-bnepwAß-s\-Xs∂ Bbn-cp∂p.''169 Xs‚ k`-bnse AwK-ßfpw ""kphn-ti-jØns‚ a\p-jy¿'' Bbn-cn-°Ww F∂vAt±lw \njvI¿jn®p.170 Xs‚ tbmKm-flI A\p-`-h-ßƒ hni-Zo-I-cn-°p-hm≥ \nc-¥cw ss__n-fn¬ \n∂p≈{]Xn-cq-]-ßƒ {]tbm-P-\-s∏-Sp-Øp∂ Im¿sΩeoØ-bmbBhn-em-bnse hnip≤ t{Xky ]d-bp-∂Xv: ""temI-Øn-ep≈ kIe Xn∑bpw hcp-∂Xv hnip≤ enJn-X-ß-fnsekXy-ßƒ hy‡-ambn Adn-bm-Ø-Xp-sIm-≠mWv'' F∂vtbip Xs∂ Ahƒ°v shfn-s∏-Sp -Øn-s°m-SpØpF∂mWv.171 ""kvt\lamWv'' Xs‚ ssZh-hnfn F∂v DÆn-bo-tim-bpsS hnip≤ t{Xky Is≠-Øn-bXv hnip≤ enJn-X-ßƒ \nc-¥cw hmbn-®n-´mWv; {]tXy-In®pw sImdn-¥n-bm-°m¿°v Fgp-Xnb H∂mw teJ-\-Ønse 12˛Dw, 13˛DwA≤ym-b-ßƒ.172 Cu hnip≤ Xs∂ hnip-≤-en-Jn-X-ß-fpsS BI¿j-Wo-bX Cßs\ hnh-cn-°p∂p: ""Rm≥kphn-ti-j-Øn-te°v ItÆm-Sn-®m¬ aXn DS≥Xs∂ tbip-hns‚ Pohn-X-Øns‚ ]cn-afw Rm≥ izkn®p XpS-ßp∂p.Ftßm-´mWv HmtS-≠Xv F∂v F\n°v DS≥ a\- n-emIpw.''173 Hmtcm hnip-≤\pw, Hmtcm hnip-≤bpw, sshZ-h-N-\-Øn¬\n∂v ]pd-s∏-Sp∂ {]Im-i-Øns‚ Hcp civan-bmWv. kXy-Øn\pw Bflm-°sf hnthNn-®-dn-bp-∂-Xn-\p-am-bp≈ hnip≤ Ct·-jykv etbm-fbpsS ]cn-{iaw\ap°v ChnsS A\p-kva-cn°mw. bphm-°ƒ°v hnZym-`ymkw \evIp-∂-Xn-\p≈ Xo{h-amb B{K-l-Øns‚ DS-a-bmb hnip≤ tPm¨ t_mkvtImsb A\p-kva-cn°mw.]utcm-lnXyw Hcp Zm\hpw DØ-c-hm-Zn-Øhpw BWv F∂vXncn-®-dn™, CXn¬ ]utcm-ln-Xy-Øns‚ alXzw Is≠-Ønb, hnip≤ tPm¨ tacn hnbm-∂nsb A\p-kva-cn°mw.Znhy-Im-cp-Wy-Øns‚ D]-I-c-W-am-bn-Øo¿∂ ]ntb-s{X¬®o-\m-bnse hnip≤ ]obq-kns\; F√m-hcpw hnip-

97

≤n-bn-te°v hnfn-°-s∏-́ n-cn-°p∂p F∂v {]kw-Kn® hnip≤tPmkva-dnb F v{Iohm; Zcn-{Z-cn¬ Zcn-{Z-cm-b-h¿°v ssZh-Øns‚ kvt\lw FØn-°pI F∂ ZuXyw \n¿Δ-ln®I¬°´bnse hmgvØ-s∏´ sXtck Ch-tcbpw A\p-kva-cn°mw. \mkn-k-Øn-t‚bpw Iayq-Wn-k-Øn-t‚bpw c‡-km-£n-I-tfbpw ChnsS A\p-kva-cn°mw. Ah-cpsS {]Xn-\n-[n-I-fmWv hnip≤ sXtckm s_\-ZnIvXm Hm^v Zt{Imkv (CuUnØv sÃbn≥) F∂ I¿sΩ-eoØm k\ym-kn\n, km{K-_nse I¿±n-\mƒ B¿®v_n-j-∏m-bn-cp∂hmgvØ-s∏´ Atem-jykv sÃ∏n-\m°v F∂n-h¿.

49. ssZh-h-N-\-Øm¬ {]tNm-Zn-X-amb hnip≤n Hc¿∞-Øn¬ {]h-N\ ]mc-º-cy-Øns‚ `mK-amWv. Cu ]mc-º-cy-Øn¬ ssZh-h-N-\w {]hm-N-Is‚ PohnXw Xs-∂AXns‚ ip{iqjbv°mbn am‰n-h-bv°p∂p. Cu A¿∞-Øn¬ Xncp-k-`-bn¬ ImWp∂ hnip≤n, hnip≤enJn-X-ß-fpsS Ah-K-Wn-°m-\m-hmØ Hcp hymJym\w BWv.hnip≤enJn-X-ß-fpsS cN-bn-Xm-°ƒ°v {]tNm-Z\w\evInb ]cn-ip-≤m-cq-]n-X-s∂-bmWv Xß-fpsS PohnXwkphn-ti-j-Øn-\mbn ka¿∏n-°m≥ hnip-≤¿°pw {]tNm-Z\w \¬Ip-∂Xv. Ah-cpsS amXr-I-bn¬ \n∂pw ]mT-ßƒ]Tn-°m≥ {ian-°p-tºmƒ kPohhpw ^e-{]-Z-hp-ambssZh-h-N-\-hym-Jym-\-Øns‚ t\cmb ]mX-bn-emWv \mwbm{X-sN-øp-∂Xv.

sk‚ v ]ot‰gvkv NØzc-Øn¬ HIvtSm-_¿ 12˛mwXobXn (2008) \mev ]pXnb hnip≤sc \ma-I-cWw sNbvX-t∏mƒ kn\Uns‚ 12˛mw ktΩ-f-\-Øn¬ ssZh-h-N-\-hpwhnip-≤nbpw XΩn-ep≈ _‘-Øn\v Rßƒ {]-Xy-£-ambHcp km£yw ImWp-I-bmbn-cp∂p. Cutim-bp-sSbpw adn-b-Øn-s‚bpw Xncp-lr-Z-b-Øns‚ t{]jn-X¿ F∂k`mkaqlØns‚ ÿm]-I\pw sshZnI\p-amb sK‰m-t\m Fdot°m; CIztUm-dnepw sImfw-_n-bm-bnepw anj-

ssZ-h-h-N-\w


\-dn-bm-bn-cp∂ kzn‰vk¿e‚p kztZ-in\n aZ¿ adnbs_¿\mZm _yq´ve¿; C≥Uy-bn¬ P\n®v hnip≤ ]Z-hn-bn-se-Ønb BZy-hy‡n Aa-tem-¤-h-Øns‚ hnip≤A¬t^m≥km; CIz-tUm¿ kztZ-in-\n-bmb Hcp A¬ambbphXn, \¿ko m tZ tbiq a¿Ønt√m tamdm≥ F∂n-h-cm-bn-cp∂p B \mep hnip-≤¿. {InkvXp-hns‚ kphnti-jw Imem-Imew ̂ ew ]pd-s∏-Sp-hn-°p∂p F∂Xn\v tem-I-Øns‚ ap≥]nepw Xncp-k-`-bpsS ap≥]nepw Xß-fpsSPohnXw hgn Ch¿ km£yw \evIn. ssZh-h-N-\-sØ-∏-‰n-bp≈ kn\Uv ktΩ-f-\-Øns‚ CSbv°v \ma-I-cWwsNø-s∏´ Cu hnip-≤-cpsS am≤yÿw hgn, \ΩpsS Pohn-Xhpw Znhy-I¿j-I≥ hN\w hnX-bv°p∂ ""\√ aÆm-I-s´'', AXp \Ωn¬ hnip-≤n-bpsS ^e-ßƒ ""ap∏-Xp-ta-\n-bpw Adp-]-Xp-ta-\nbpw, \qdp-ta-\nbpw'' (a¿t°m. 4:20) hnf-bn-°s´ F∂p \ap°v I¿Øm-hn-t\mSv At]-£n°mw.

99

`mKw c≠v

hN\w k`-bn¬(Verbum in Ecclesia)

""Xs∂ kzoI-cn-®-h¿s°-√mw,...

ssZh-a-°-fm-Im≥ Ah≥ Ignhv \¬In''

(tbml. 1:12).

101

ssZh-h-N-\hpw k`bpw

k` hN\w kzoI-cn-°p∂p

50. I¿Ømhv Ahn-SpsØ hN\w Acp-fn-s®-øp-∂Xv""AtX-h-N-\-Øn¬ IqSn'' kr„n-°-s∏-´-h¿ AXv kzoI-cn-°p∂-Xn-\p-th-≠n-bmWv. ""Ah≥ kzP-\-Øns‚ ASp-tØ°v h∂p'' (tbm-l. 1:11). Ahn-SpsØ hN\w auen-I-ambn \ap°v A\y-amb H∂-√. ssZh-Øns‚ kz¥w Poh-\p-am-bp≈ ]cn-N-b-Øns‚ Hcp _‘-Øn¬\n-∂mWvkr„n \S-∂-Xv. F∂n´pw \memw kphn-ti-j-Øns‚BapJw ""kzP\w'' ssZh-h-N-\sØ Xnc-kvI-cn-®-Xns‚ap∂n¬ \sΩ \n¿Øp∂p ""Ah¿ Ahs\ kzoI-cn-®n√''(tbm-l. 1:11). Ahn-SpsØ kzoI-cn-°m-Xn-cn-°p-I- F∂-Xns‚ A¿∞w Ahn-SpsØ kzcw {ihn-°m-Xn-cn-°p-I,"hN-\hp'ambn (logos) A\p-cq-]-s∏-Sm-Xn-cn-°p-I, F∂m-Wv. adp-h-i-Øv, Zp¿∫-ecpw ]m]n-I-fp-am-sW-¶n-epw, P\-ßƒ {InkvXp-hp-am-bp≈ Hcp t\¿°m-gvN-bn-te°vBflm¿∞-ambn Xpd-hn-bp-≈-h-cm-Ip-tºm-sgm-s°, kaq-e-amb Hcp ]cn-h¿Ø\w kw`-hn-°m≥ XpS-ßp∂p: ""Xs∂kzoI-cn-®-h¿s°-√mw.... ssZh-a-°-fm-Im≥ Ah≥ Ignhv\¬In'' (tbm-l. 1:12). hN\w kzoI-cn-°p-I-sb-∂p-h-®m¬\sΩ cq]o-I-cn-°m≥ Ahn-SpsØ A\p-h-Zn-°p-IbpwAßs\ ""]nXm-hns‚ GI-PmX''\mb (tbm-l. 1:14){InkvXp-hp-ambn ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hns‚ i‡n-bm¬ A\p-cq-]-s∏-Sp-I-bpw sNøpI G∂-Xm-Wv. AXv Hcp ]pXnb kr„n-I¿Ω-Øns‚ XpS-°-am-Ip-∂p. Hcp ]pXnb kr„n P\n-°p-∂p. Hcp ]pXnb P\w P∑-sa-Sp-°p-∂p. hnizm-knIƒ,


AXm-bXv hnizm-k-Øn-\-\p-kr-X-ambn Pohn-°p-∂-h¿.""Ah¿ ssZh-Øn¬\n∂p P\n-°p-Ibpw'' (tbm-l. 1:13)ssZhn-IPo-h-\n¬ ]¶p-Im-cm-bn-Øo-cp-Ibpw sNøp∂p."]p{X-\n-eqsS ]p{X-cmbn'-Øo¿∂p (cf. Kem. 4:5˛6; tdmam.8:14-˛17). tbml-∂ms‚ kphn-ti-j-Ønse Cu `mKwhymJym-\n-®p-sIm-≠v, hnip≤ BK-kvXo-t\mkv A°mcywCßs\ `wKn-bmbn ]d-bp∂p: ""\nßƒ hN-\-Øn-eqsSkr„n-°-s∏-´p. F∂m¬ \nßƒ Ct∏mƒ hN-\-Øn-eqsS]p\:kr„n-°-s∏-S-Ww.''174 amwkw [cn®v \ΩpsSbnS-bn¬IqSm-c-a-Sn-°m≥ h∂ (cf. tbml. 1:14) ssZh-h-N-\-Øn-eqsS \n¿Δ-Nn-°-s∏-Sp∂ Hcp bmYm¿∞yw F∂ \ne-bn¬ ChnsS \ap°v k`-bpsS apJw Z¿in-°m≥ Ign-bpw.a\p-jy-cp-sS-bn-S-bnse ssZh-Øns‚ Cu hmk-ÿ-ew, ]g-b-\n-b-a-Øn¬ ap≥Iq´n ]d-bp∂ Cu "hnip-≤-Iq-Smcw'(shekinah) (cf. ]pd. 26:1), Ct∏mƒ {InkvXp-hn-eq-sS-bp≈\Ωp-sS-bn-S-bnse ssZh-Øns‚ kp\n-›nX km∂n-≤y-Øn¬ ]q¿Øo-I-cn-°-s∏-Sp-∂p.

k -̀bpsS Pohn-X-Ønse {InkvXp-hns‚ \nc-¥ckm∂n≤yw

51. ]nXm-hns‚ hN-\-amb {InkvXphpw k`bpw XΩn-ep≈ _‘w Hcp ̀ qX-Im-e-kw-̀ -h-Øns‚ cq]-Øn¬ am{Xw]q¿Æ-ambn a\- n-em-°m≥ Ign-bp-I-bn-√. AXv kPo-h-amb Hcp _‘-am-Wv. AXn-te°v {]th-in-°m≥ hnizm-kn-k-aq-l-Ønse Hmtcm AwKhpw hy‡n-]-c-ambn hnfn-°-s∏-Sp -∂p. \Ωp-sS-bn-S-bnse ssZh-h-N-\-Øns‚C∂sØ km∂n-≤y-sØ-°p-dn-®mWv \mw kwkm-cn-°p-∂-Xv. ""bpKm-¥w-hsc F∂pw Rm≥ \nß-tfmSpIqsS D≠m-bn-cn°pw'' (a-Øm. 28:20). tPm¨ t]mƒ c≠m-a≥ am¿]m∏C{]-Imcw ]d-bp-I-bp-≠mbn: ""F√m Ime-sØbpw P\-ßsf kw_-‘n® {InkvXp-hns‚ {]k‡n Ahn-SpsØico-c-amb k`-bn¬ {]I-S-am-Ip-∂p. C°m-c-W-Øm¬

103

I¿Ømhv Xs‚ injy-∑m¿°v, Ahsc F√mw "A\p-kva-cn-∏n-°pI'bpw Xs‚ Iev]-\-Iƒ a\- n-em-°m≥ Ahsc]Tn-∏n-°p-Ibpw (cf. tbml. 14:26) sNøp∂ ]cn-ip-≤m-cq-]nsb hmKvZm\w sNbvXp. ]cn-ip-≤m-cq]n temI-Øn¬Hcp ]pXnb Pohs‚ XØzhpw ÿnc-amb Dd-hn-S-hp-am-bn-cn°pw (cf. tbml. 3:5-8; tdmam 8:1˛13).''175 Hcp sshhm-ln-I-kw-`m-j-W-Øns‚ ss__nƒ cq]Iw D]-tbm-Kn-®v,"ssZh-h-N\w' F∂ {]am-W-tcJ Cu clkyw Bhn-jvI-cn-°p-∂p. ""Cu hn[-Øn¬ ap≥ Ime-ß-fn¬ kwkm-cn®ssZhw Xs‚ {]nb-kp-Xs‚ aW-hm-´n-tbmSpw CS-hn-SmsXkwkm-cn-®-psIm-≠m-Wn-cn-°p-∂-Xv. ]cn-ip-≤m-flmhvhgnkphn-ti-j-Øns‚ kPo-h-kzcw k -̀bnepw k -̀hgn temI-Ønepw {]Xn-[z-\n-°p-∂p-≠v. A{]-Imcw Cu Acq]n hnizm-kn-Isf kºq¿Æ kXy-Øn-te°v \bn-°p-Ibpw {InkvXp-hns‚ hm°p-Iƒ Ah-cn¬ kar-≤-ambn \ne\n¬°p-∂-Xn\v CS-bmIp-Ibpw sNøp∂p (cf. sImtfm. 3:16).''176

{ihn-°p-I-sb∂ Ie-bpsS alm-Kp-cp-\m-Y-bm-b,{InkvXp-hns‚ h[p hnizm-k-]q¿Δw C∂pw Bh¿Øn-°p-∂p: ""\mYm, kwkm-cn-®m-epw. Ahn-SpsØ k` {ihn-°p-∂p.''177 C°mc-W-Øm¬ "ssZh-h-N\w' F∂ {]am-W-tcJt_m[]q¿Δw Cu hm°p-I-tfm-Sp-IqSn Bcw-`n-°p-∂p:""ssZh-h-N\w `‡n-k-a-\znXw {ihn-°p-Ibpw hnizm-k-]q¿Δw {]Jym-]n-°p-Ibpw sNøp∂ Cu ]cn-ip≤ kq\-l-tZmkv....''178 ChnsS \ap°v k`-bpsS Pohn-X-sØ-°p-dn-®p-≈ Hcp Ne-\m-fl-I-\n¿h-N-\-Øns‚ t\¿°m-gvN-bp-≠m-Ip-∂p. ""Cu hm°p-IƒsIm≠v Iu¨kn¬ k-̀ -bpsShy‡amb Hcp \n¿Δ-N\w kqNn-∏n-°p-I-bm-Wv. AhƒssZh-h-N\w {ihn-°p-Ibpw {]Jym-]n-°p-Ibpw sNøp∂Hcp Iq´m-bva-bm-Ip-∂p. k` Ah-fn¬\n-∂p-X-s∂-b-√,kphn-ti-j-Øn¬\n-∂mWv Poh≥ Dƒs°m-≈p-∂-Xv. Ah-fpsS bm{X-bpsS Zni \nXy-\q-X-\-ambn kphn-ti-j-Øn¬\n∂v Ahƒ Is≠-Øp-Ibpw sNøp-∂p. Hmtcm

hN\w k`-bn¬


{InkvXym-\nbpw a\- n-em-°p-Ibpw Hmtcm-cp-Ø-cp-sSbpw

hy‡n-Po-hn-X-Øn¬ {]mtbm-Kn-I-am-°p-Ibpw sNtø≠

Hcp kao-]-\-am-Wn-Xv. hN\w {ihn-°p∂ Hcp at\m-`m-h-

Øn¬ Xß-sf-Øs∂ BZyw {]Xn-jvTn-°p-∂-h¿°p-am-

{Xta AXns‚ ktμ-i-hm-l-I-cm-bn-Øo-cm≥ km[n-°q.''179

{]tLm-jn-°p-Ibpw {ihn-°p-Ibpw sNø-s∏-Sp∂ ssZh-

h-N-\-Ønepw IqZm-i-I-fnepw tbip C∂v, Ct∏mƒ, ChnsS

Hmtcm hy‡n-tbmSpw ]d-bp∂p; ""Rm≥ \nt‚-Xm-Wv. Rm≥

Fs∂-Øs∂ \n\°v Xcp-∂p.'' ""Rm≥ Aß-bp-tS-XmWv''

F∂v adp-]-Sn-bmbn ]d-™p-sIm≠v \ap°v B hm°p-

Iƒ kzoI-cn-°p-Ibpw Ahbv°v {]Xyp-Øcw \¬Ip-Ibpw

sNøm≥ Ign-bpw.180 ""Xs∂ kzoI-cn-®-h¿s°-√mw, ssZh-

a-°-fm-Im≥ Ah≥ Ignhp \¬In'' (tbm-l. 1:12) F∂v

tbml-∂m≥ Xs‚ kphn-ti-j-Øns‚ Bap-J-Øn¬

\tΩmSv ]d-bp-∂p. ssZh-Ir-]-bm¬ AXv \ap°v A\p-`-

hn-°m≥ Ign-bp∂ Hc-¥-co-£-ambn k` Bhn¿`-hn-°p-

∂p.

Bcm-[-\m-{Iaw, ssZh-h-N-\-Øn-\p≈ khn-ti-j-kw-hn-[m\w

ssZh-h-N\w Bcm-[-\m-{I-a-Øn¬

52. k`sb ""hN-\-Øns‚ `h\''181ambn ]cn-K-Wn-°p-tºmƒ, BZyw {i≤ \¬tI-≠Xv Bcm-[-\m-{I-a-Øn-\m-Wv. Imc-Ww, \ΩpsS Pohn-XØns‚ a≤y-Øn¬ ssZhw\tΩmSv kwkm-cn-°p∂ khn-ti-j-kw-hn-[m-\-amWv Bcm-[-\m-{I-aw. {ihn-°p-Ibpw {]Xyp-Øcw \¬Ip-IbpwsNøp∂ Xs‚ P\-tØmSv Ahn-Sp∂v C∂v kwkm-cn-°p-∂p-≠v. Bcm-[-\m-{I-a-Ønse Hmtcm Xncp-°¿ΩhpwAXns‚ kz`m-h-Øm¬Xs∂ hnip-≤-en-Jn-X-Øn¬ \na-·-am-bn-cn-°p-∂p. "]cn-ip≤ kq\-l-tZmkv' (Sacrosanctum

105

Concilium) F∂ {]am-W-tc-J-bn¬ C{]-Imcw \mw hmbn-°p-∂p: ""Bcm-[-\m-{I-am-\p-jvTm-\-Øn¬ hnip-≤-{K-Ÿ-Øn\p ]c-a-{]m-[m-\y-am-Wp-≈-Xv. Imc-Ww, hmb-\-Iƒhnip-≤-{K-Ÿ-Øn¬ \n∂p-≈-h-bm-Wv. Ah kphn-ti-j-{]-kw-K-Øn¬ hni-Zo-I-cn-°-s∏-Sp∂p; k¶o¿Ø-\-ßƒBe-]n°p∂Xpw hnip-≤-{K-Ÿ-Øn¬\n∂v; {]m¿∞-\-Iƒ,kvtXm{X-ßƒ, Bcm-[-\m-Ko-X-ßƒ Chbv°v {]tNm-Z\we`n-®n-´p-≈Xpw hnip-≤-{K-Ÿ-Øn¬ \n∂p-Xs∂. F∂-√,hnip-≤-{K-Ÿ-Øn¬\n∂mWv Xncp-°¿Ω-ß-fnse BwKy-ßfpw AS-bm-f-ßfpw A¿∞-apƒs°m-≈p-∂-Xv.''182

{InkvXp-Xs∂ ""Xs‚ hN-\-Øn¬ k∂nlnX-\mWv; Imc-Ww, ssZhm-e-b-ß-fn¬ hnip-≤-{K-Ÿ-ßƒ hmbn-°p-tºmƒAhn-Sp-∂p-X-s∂-bmWv kwkm-cn-°p-∂-Xv''183 F∂pIqSn ]d-tb-≠-Xm-Wv. Xo¿®-bmbpw ""Bcm-[-\m-{Ia A\p-jvTm\wssZh-h-N-\-Øns‚ \nc-¥-chpw ]q¿Æhpw ̂ e-{]-Z-hp-ambAh-X-c-W-am-bn-Øo-cp-∂p. Bcm-[-\m-{I-a-Øn¬ \nc-¥-c-ambn {]tLm-jn-°-s∏-Sp∂ ssZh-h-N\w Ft∏mgpw ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hns‚ i‡n-bn-eqsS kPo-hhpw ̂ e-{]-Z-hp-ambHcp hN-\-am-Ip-∂p. \tΩm-Sp≈ AXns‚ ^e-Zm-b-I-Xz-Øn¬ Hcn-°epw ]cm-P-b-s∏-SmØ ]nXm-hns‚ kvt\lwAXv {]I-S-am-°p-∂p.''184 Bcm-[-\m-{I-am-\p-jvTm-\-Øn¬ssZh-h-N-\-tØm-sSm∏w hnizm-kn-I-fpsS lrZ-b-ß-fn¬AXv ^e-{]-Z-am-°p∂ ]cn-ip-≤m-cq-]n-bpsS B¥-cn-I-{]-h¿Ø-\-ap-s≠∂v k` Ft∏mgpw a\- n-em-°n-bn-´p-≠v."klm-b-I≥' (Paraclete) \nan-Øw, ""ssZh-h-N\w Bcm-[-\m-{I-am-\p-jvTm-\-Øns‚ ASn-ÿm-\hpw \ΩpsS Pohn-X-Øns‚ apgp-h≥ N´hpw Xmßp-am-bn-Øo-cp-∂p. AtX ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hns‚ {]h¿Ø-\w... apgp-h≥ kaq-l-Øn-s‚bpw\∑-bv°p-th≠n ssZh-h-N-\-{]-tLm-j-W-Øn¬ kwkm-cn-°-s∏-Sp-∂-sX√mw HmtcmcpØ-cnte°pw hy‡n-]-c-am-bn-s°m-≠p-h-cp-∂p. AtX-k-a-bw, F√m-h-cp-sSbpw sFIywi‡n-s∏-Sp-Øm≥, ]cn-ip-≤m-cq]n Zm\-ß-fpsS Hcp

hN\w k`-bn¬


sshhn≤yw hf¿Øp-Ibpw Ah-bpsS _lp-ap-J-amb{]h¿Ø\w ]ptcm-K-an-∏n-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂p.''185

ssZh-h-N\w {Kln-°m≥, Bcm-[-\m-{I-am-\p-jvTm-\-Øns‚ AXy-¥m-t]-£n-X-amb A¿∞hpw aqeyhpw \mwhne-a-Xn-°p-Ibpw A\p-̀ -hn-°p-Ibpw sNtø-≠-Xm-Wv. hnip-≤-en-Jn-X-sØ-°p-dn-®p≈ hnizm-k-\n¿`-c-amb Hcp [mc-W-bv°v, ssZh-h-N\w Imtem-Nn-Xhpw kPo-h-hp-amb HcphN-\-ambn ]cn-I¿Ωw sNø-s∏-Sp∂ Bcm-[-\m-{IawFt∏mgpw ]cn-tim-[n-t°-≠-Xm-Wv. ""kn\-tKm-Kn¬ {]th-in-°p-Ibpw hnip-≤-en-Jn-X-ßƒ ]cn-tim-[n-°m≥ F√m-h-scbpw Blzm\w sNøp-Ibpw sNbvXp-sIm≠v {InkvXp-Xs∂ hnip-≤-en-Jn-X-ßƒ hmbn-°p-Ibpw hymJym-\n-°p-Ibpw sNbvX coXn Bcm-[-\m-{I-a-Øn¬ k` hniz-ÿ-Xm-]p-c- cw apdpsI ]nSn-°p-∂p.''186

ChnsS k -̀bpsS _p≤n-]q¿Δ-I-amb t_m[-\-imkv{Xw\mw ImWp-∂p. AXv Bcm-[-\m-h¿j-Øns‚ Xmf-{Iaw]n≥Xp-S¿∂p-sIm≠v hnip-≤-en-JnXw {]tLm-jn-°p-Ibpw{ihn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂p. ssZh-h-N-\-Øns‚ Imem-\p-kr-X-amb Cu hnImkw k¿tΔm-]cn Znhy-_en-b¿∏W-Ønepw bma-{]m¿∞-\-bn-ep-amWv kw`-hn-°p-I. F√m-‰n-s‚bpw tI{μ-Øn¬ s]k-lm-c-lkyw {]Im-in-°p-∂p.IuZm-in-I-ambn k∂n-ln-X-am-Ip∂ {InkvXp-hns‚ F√mcl-ky-ßfpw c£mIc-N-cn-{Xhpw AXn-\p-Np‰pw AXv{]k-cn-∏n-°p-∂p-≠v. ""C{]-Imcw c£-Wob cl-ky-ßƒA\p-kva-cn-®p-sIm≠v Xncp- ` Xs‚ \mYs‚ i‡n-bp-sSbpw tbmKy-X-bp-sSbpw A\¿L-\n-t£-]-ßƒ hnizm-kn-Iƒ°v Xpd-∂p-sIm-Sp-°p-∂p. Aßs\ Hc¿∞-Øn¬Ch-sb√mw F√m ka-bØpw Ah-X-cn-∏n-°-s∏-Sp-Ibpwhnizm-kn-Iƒ Cu cl-ky-ßƒ {Kln®v c£m-I-c-amb{]km-Z-h-c-Øm¬ ]qcn-X-cm-hp-Ibpw sNøp-∂p.''187 C°m-c-W-Øm¬, ssZh-h-N-\-Øns‚ AKm-[-amb A¿∞wBkz-Zn-°m≥ F√m hnizm-kn-Ifpw A`y-kn-°p∂p F∂v

107

Dd-∏p-hcp-Øm≥ k`-bpsS AP-]m-e-I-scbpw AP-]m-e\{]h¿Ø-\-Øn¬ G¿s∏-´n-cn-°p∂ F√m-h-scbpwRm≥ t{]m’m-ln-∏n-°p-∂p. \ΩpsS hnizm-k-Øns‚auenI cl-ky-ßƒ shfn-s∏-Sp-Øn-s°m≠v Hmtcmh¿jhpw ssZh-h-N\w Bcm-[-\m-{I-a-Øn¬ A\m-h-cWwsNø-s∏Sp∂p. hnip-≤-en-Jn-X-tØm-Sp≈ icn-bmb Hcpkao-]-\-Øns‚ ASn-ÿm-\-am-Wn-Xv.

hnip-≤-en-Jn-Xhpw IqZm-i-Ifpw

53. ssZh-h-N\w a\- n-em-°p-∂-Xn¬ Bcm-[-\m-{I-a-Øn-\p≈ {]m[m-\y-sØ-∏‰n N¿® sNbvX-t∏mƒ sa{Xm-∑m-cpsS kn\Uv ssZh-h-N-\hpw IqZm-i-IfpsS {]h¿Ø-\hpw XΩn-ep≈ _‘w FSp-Øp-]-d™p. k -̀bpsS AP-]m-e-\-{]-h¿Ø-\-Ønepw ssZh-im-kv{X-]-c-amb hnNn-¥-\-Ønepw hN-\hpw IqZm-ibpw XΩn-ep≈ _‘-sØ-°p-dn®v Bg-Øn-ep≈ Hc-t\z-j-W-Øns‚ henb Bh-iy-ap-≠v.188 Xo¿®-bmbpw ""hN-\-Øns‚ Bcm-[-\m-{Iaw k`-bpsS IqZm-i-I-fn¬ Hmtcm-∂n-s‚bpw ]cn-I¿Ω-Øn¬ Hcp\n¿Æm-b-I-L-S-I-am-Wv.''189 F∂ncp-∂m-epw, AP-]m-e-\-]-c-amb {]tbm-K-Øn¬, hnizm-kn-Iƒ Ft∏mgpw Cu_‘-sØ-∏‰n t_m[-hm-∑m-c-√. I¿Ωhpw hN-\hpw XΩn-ep≈ sFIyw Ah¿ th≠-hn[w {Kln-°p-∂p-an-√. ""sshZn-Icpw Uo°-∑mcpw IqZm-i-Iƒ ]cn-I¿Ωw sNøp-tºmƒ,k`-bpsS ip{iq-j-bn¬ hN-\hpw IqZm-ibpw XΩn-ep≈sFIyw hni-Zo-I-cn-t°-≠Xv k¿tΔm-]cn Ah-cpsS Npa-X-e-bmWv''190 hN-\hpw IqZm-im-]-c-amb I¿Ωhpw XΩn-ep≈ _‘w hN-\-Øn-s‚-Xs∂ {]h¿Ø-\-]-c-amb kz`m-h-Øn-eqsS c£mIc-N-cn-{X-Ønse ssZhn-I-{]-h¿Ø-\-Øns‚ Bcm-[-\m-{I-a-]-c-amb Bhn-jvIm-c-am-Ip-∂p. c£m-IcN-cn-{X-Øn¬, ssZhw ]d-bp-∂Xpw Ahn-Sp∂v sNøp-∂Xpw XΩn¬ Hcp th¿Xn-cn-hp-an-√. "Z_m¿' (dabar) F∂lo{_p ]Zw hy‡-am-°p-∂-Xp-t]m-se, Ahn-SpsØ hN\w

hN\w k`-bn¬


kPo-hhpw Du¿÷-kz-e-hp-ambn (cf. sl{_m. 4:12) ImW-s∏-Sp-∂p. Bcm-[-\m-{I-a-]-c-amb A\p-jvTm-\-Øn-epw, ]d-bp-∂Xv ]q¿Øn-bm-°p∂ Ahn-SpsØ hN-\-Øns‚t\¿°m-gvN-bmWv \ap-°p-≠m-Ip-∂-Xv. Bcm-[-\m-{I-a-Øn¬ssZhhN\-Øns‚ {]h¿Ø-\-kz-̀ mhw Is≠-Øm≥ ssZ-h-P-\sØ ]Tn-∏n-°p-I-hgn c£m-IcN-cn-{X-Ønepw Ah-cpsS hy‡n-Po-hn-XØnepw Ahn-SpsØ {]h¿Ø\w Xncn-®-dn-bm≥ \mw Ahsc klm-bn-°p-I-bm-bn-cn-°pw.

ssZh-h-N-\hpw Znhy-Im-cp-Wyhpw

54. hN-\hpw IqZm-i-Ifpw XΩn-ep≈ _‘-sØ-∏‰ns]mXp-hmbn ]d-b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xn-\v, \mw Znhy-_en-b¿∏WØn-te°v Xncn-bp-tºmƒ, IqSp-X¬ Bg-Øn-ep≈ A¿∞wssIh-cp-∂p. hN-\hpw Znhy-_en-b¿∏Whpw XΩn-ep≈AKm-[-amb sFIyw hnip-≤-en-JnXw \¬Ip∂ km£y-Øn¬ (cf. tbml. 6; eq°m 24) A[n-jvTn-X-am-bn-cn-°p-∂p. k`m-]n-Xm-°-∑m¿ CXv km£y-s∏-Sp-Øp-Ibpw c≠mwhØn-°m≥ Iu¨kn¬191 Bh¿Øn®p ÿnco-I-cn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXn-´p-≠v. ChnsS \mw, I^¿Wm-anse kn\-tKm-Kn¬ Pohs‚ A∏-sØ-∏‰n tbip sNbvX {]`m-j-W-sØ-°p-dn®pw (cf. tbml. 6:22-˛69) AXn¬ A¥¿`-hn-®n-cn-°p∂ tamibpw tbiphpw XΩn-ep-≈; ssZh-tØmSvapJm-apJw kwkm-cn-®-h\pw (]p-d. 33:11) ssZhsØ shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-h\pw (cf. tbml. 1:18) XΩn-ep≈, Xmc-X-ay-sØ-°p-dn®pw Nn¥n-°p-∂p. A∏-sØ-°p-dn-®p≈ tbip-hns‚ {]`m-jWw ssZh-Øns‚ Zm\-sØ-°p-dn®v kwkm-cn-°p-∂p. Xs‚ P\-Øn-\p-th≠n acp-`q-an-bn¬h®v a∂m-tbm-Sp-IqSn tamibv°v e`n-®-XmWo Zm\w. AXv bYm¿∞-Øn¬ ssZh-Øns‚ Poh-Zm-b-I-h-N-\-amb (cf. k¶o.119;kp`m. 9:5) "tXmdm'(Torah)bmWv. kz¥w hy‡n-XzØn¬tbip Cu ]pcm-X\ {]Xn-—mb ]q¿Øo-I-c-W-Øn-te-°p-sIm-≠p-h-cp-∂p. ""ssZh-Øns‚ A∏w kz¿§-Øn¬\n-∂n-

109

d-ßn-h∂v temI-Øn\p Poh≥ \¬Ip-∂-Xs{X''....""Rm\mWv Pohs‚ A∏w'' (tbm-l. 6:33-˛35). ChnsS""\nbaw Hcp hy‡n-bm-bn-Øo¿∂n-cn-°p-∂p. \mw tbip-hns\ I≠p-ap´ptºmƒ, Pohn-°p∂ ssZhw-Xs∂ \ap°vBlm-c-am-bn-Øo-cp∂p F∂p-]-d-bmw. bYm¿∞-Øn¬ \mw"kz¿§-Øn¬\n-∂p≈ A∏w' `£n-°p∂p.''192 I^¿Wm-anse {]`m-j-W-Øn¬, tbml-∂ms‚ BapJw IqSp-X¬Bg-ap≈ Hcp Xe-Øn¬ FØn-t®-cp-I-bm-Wv. AhnsSssZh-Øns‚ hN-\w, "temtKmkv' amwk-am-bn-Øocp∂p.F∂m¬ ChnsS Cu amwkw temI-Øns‚ Poh-\p-th≠n\¬I-s∏-Sp∂ "A∏'ambn-Øo-cp∂p (cf. tbml. 6:51). Ipcn-ins‚ cl-ky-Ønse tbip-hns‚ kzbw-Zm-\-sØ-°p-dn-®p≈ Hcp kqN\ Chn-sS-bp-≠v. Ahn-SpsØ c‡w"]m\ob'ambn (cf. tbml. 6:53) \¬Ip-∂-Xn-s\-∏-‰n-bp≈hm°p-Iƒ CXv ÿnco-I-cn-°p-∂p. Znhy-Im-cp-Wy-Øns‚clkyw bYm¿∞ a∂msb kz¿§-Øn¬\n-∂p≈bYm¿∞ A∏-sØ, shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂p. s]k-lm-c-l-ky-Øn¬ \ap-°p-th≠n Xs∂-Øs∂ \¬In-b, amwk-am-bn-Øo¿∂ ssZh-Øns‚ "temtKmkv' BW-Xv.

FΩm-hq-kn-te°v t]mIp∂ injy-∑m-sc-∏-‰n-bp≈eq°m-bpsS hnh-c-Ww, hN\w {ihn-°p-∂Xpw A∏w apdn-°p-∂Xpw (cf. eq°m 24:13-˛35) XΩn-ep≈ Cu _‘-sØ-°p-dn®v IqSp-X¬ hnNn-¥\w \SØm≥ \sΩ {]m]vX-cm-°p-∂p. km_-Øns‚ ]nt‰-Zn-hkw tbip injy-∑msckao-]n-°p-Ibpw Xß-fpsS XI¿∂ {]Xym-i-Isf°pdn®vAh¿ kwkm-cn-®-t∏mƒ AXv {i≤n-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp.Ah-cpsS bm{X-bn¬ Ah-tcm-sSm-∏w-tN¿∂p-sIm-≠v,""hnip-≤-en-Jn-X-ß-fn¬ Xs∂-∏‰n Fgp-Xn-bn-cp-∂-h-sb√mwAh≥ Ah¿°v hymJym-\n-®p-sIm-SpØp''(24:27). Xß-fpsSPohn-X-hp-ambn F{Xtbm AZv`p-X-I-c-am-b-hn-[-Øn¬ ]cn-N-b-ap-s≠∂ptXm∂nb Cu bm{Xn-I≥ IqsS-bp-≈-t∏mƒ,B c≠p injy-∑m¿ hnip-≤-en-Jn-X-ß-fn-te°v Hcp ]pXnb

hN\w k`-bn¬


coXn-bn¬ t\m°m≥ XpS-ßn. B Znh-k-ß-fn¬ kw`-hn®h C\n-ta¬ ]cm-P-b-am-b-√, ]q¿Øo-I-c-Whpw Hcp]pXnb XpS-°-hp-ambn Ah¿°\p`-h-s∏-´p. F∂m¬ CuhN-\-ßƒt]mepw Ahsc kw_-‘n-®n-S-tØmfw aXn-bm-Ipam-bn-cp-∂n√. tbip A∏w FSpØv Bio¿Δ-Zn®v apdn®vAh¿°p sImSp-Ø-t∏mƒ am{Xw ""Ah-cpsS IÆv Xpd-°-s∏-́ p. Ah¿ Ahs\ Xncn-®-dn™p'' (24:31) F∂v eq°m-bpsS kphn-tijw {]kvXm-hn-°p-∂p. t\c-sØ, ""Ahs\Xncn®dnbm≥ Ign-bm-Ø-hn[w Ah-cpsS IÆp-Iƒ aqS-s∏-́ n-cp∂p'' (24:16). BZyw Ahn-SpsØ hN-\-ß-fneqsSbpw]n∂oSv A∏w-ap-dn-°¬ F∂ {]hr-Øn-bneqsS-bpw, tbip-hns‚ km∂n≤yw Ahn-SpsØ Xncn-®-dn-bm≥ injy-∑msc{]m]vX-cm-°n. Ahn-Sp-tØm-sSm∏w Ah¿°v t\ctØ A-\p-`-h-s∏-´n-cp-∂-h-sb√mw Ct∏mƒ Hcp ]pXnb coXn-bn¬hne-bn-cp-Øm≥ Ah¿°v Ign-™p. ""hgn-bn¬h®v Ah≥hnip-≤-en-JnXw hni-Zo-I-cn-®p-sIm≠v \tΩmSv kw-km-cn-®-t∏mƒ \ΩpsS lrZbw Pzen-®n-cp-∂nt√?'' (24:32).

55. hnip-≤-Ip¿_m-\bpam-bp≈ At -̀Zy-amb AXns‚_‘w hne-a-Xn-°m≥ hnip-≤-en-JnXw Xs∂ \tΩmSv\n¿t±-in-°p-∂-Xmbn Cu hnh-c-W-ß-fn¬\n∂v hy‡-am-Wv. ""k` hmbn-°p-Ibpw {]tLm-jn-°p-Ibpw sNøp∂ssZh-h-N-\-Øns‚ GI Dt±iyw ]pXnb DS-º-Sn-bnse_enbpw Ir]-bpsS hncp-∂pw, AXm-bXv hnip-≤-Ip¿_m-\bpw, BsW-∂p-≈Xv Hcn-°epw hnkvacn°m≥ Ign-bp-I-bn-√.''193 H∂n√msX as‰m∂v \ap°v a\- n-em-°m≥ Ign-bm-Ø-hn[w hN-\hpw Znhy-Im-cp-Wyhpw A{X AKm-[-ambn ]c-kv]cw _-‘n-°-s∏-́ n-cn-°p-∂p. Znhy_en-b¿∏W-Øn¬ ssZh-h-N\w IuZm-in-I-ambn amwkw [cn-°p-I-bm-Wv. hnip-≤-en-Jn-X-sØ-°p-dn-®p≈ Hcp [mc-W-bn-te°vhnip≤ Ip¿_m\ \sΩ Xpdhnbp-≈-h-cm-°p∂p. AXp-t]m-se-X-s∂, AXns‚ `mK-Øp-\n∂v, hnip-≤-en-JnXwZnhy-_en-b¿∏WsØ {]Im-in-∏n-°p-Ibpw hni-Zo-I-cn-°p-

111

Ibpw sNøp-∂p-≠v. hnip≤ Ip¿_m-\bn¬ I¿Øm-hns‚bYm¿∞ km∂n≤yw \mw AwKo-I-cn-°m-Ø-]-£w, hnip-≤-en-Jn-X-sØ-∏-‰n-bp≈ \ΩpsS [mcW A]q¿Æ-am-bn-cn-°pw. C°m-c-W-Øm¬ Htc Bcm-[-\-tbm-Sp-Iq-Sn-b-s√¶nepw Htc `‡n-tbm-Sp-Iq-Sn-bmWv k` ssZh-h-N-\-sØbpw Znhy-Im-cp-Wy-c-l-ky-sØbpw BZ-cn-®n-´p-≈-Xv.Aß-s\-bp≈ BZ-chv k` Ft∏mgpw F√m-bn-SØpw\njvI¿jn-°p-Ibpw A\p-im-kn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXn-´p-≠v.Ah-fpsS ÿm]-Is‚ amXr-I-bm¬ t{]cn-X-bm-bn, ""hnip-≤-en-Jn-X-ß-fn¬ Ah-s\-∏‰n Fgp-Xn-b-h-sb√mw'' (eq°m24:27) hmbn-°m≥ H∂n-®p-IqSn Ahn-SpsØ s]k-lm-c-l-kyw BtLm-jn-°p-∂-Xnepw I¿Øm-hns‚ kvac-W-bpsSBtLm-j-Ønepw IqZm-i-Ifn-epw-IqSn c£-Wo-b-ZuXyw\n¿Δ-ln-°p-∂-Xnepw\n∂v k` Hcn-°epw hnc-an-®n-́ n-√.''194

hN-\-Øns‚ IuZm-in-IX

56. IqZmi A\p-jvTm-\-Ønse ssZh-h-N-\-Øns‚{]h¿Ø\kz`m-h-sØ-°p-dn-®p≈ hnNn-¥-\hpw ssZh-h-N-\-Øn-s‚bpw hnip≤ Ip¿_m-\-bpsSbpw ]c-kv]-c-_-‘-sØ-∏‰n h¿≤n-®p-h-cp∂ aXn∏pw \sΩ as‰mcp kp{]-[m-\-{]-ta-b-Øn-te°v hN-\-Øns‚ IuZm-in-I-X-bn-te-°v,195 \bn-°p-∂p. kn\Uv ktΩ-f-\-Øn¬ Dcp-Øn-cn-™p-h∂ {]ta-b-am-Wn-Xv. ""shfn-]m-Sns‚ IuZm-in-I-kz-`mh''sØ°p-dn®pw {]tXy-In®v ""Znhy-Im-cp-Wy-Øns‚ AS-bmf''sØ°p-dn®pw tPm¨ t]mƒ c≠m-a≥ am¿]m-∏ ]cm-a¿in-®n-´p-≠v. ""Znhy-Im-cp-Wy-Ønse kqN-I\pw kqNn-Xhpw XΩn-ep≈ Ahn-`m-Py-amb sFIyw cl-ky-Øns‚Bg-ßƒ a\- n-em-°p-I-sb-∂Xv km≤y-am-°p-∂p.''196

tPm¨ t]mƒ c≠m-a≥ am¿]m-∏-bpsS ]cm-a¿ißƒA\p-kva-cn-°p-∂Xv ChnsS klm-b-I-am-bn-cn-°pw. ssZh-h-N-\-Øns‚ IuZm-in-I-X-bpsS lrZ-b-Øn-ep-≈Xv a\p-jym-h-Xm-c-Øn-s‚-Xs∂ cl-ky-am-sW∂v \ap°v ImWm-

hN\w k`-bn¬


\n-S-h-cp-∂p. ""hN\w amwk-ambn'' (tbm-l. 1:14). shfn-s∏-Sp -Ø-s∏´ cl-ky-Øns‚ bmYm¿∞yw ]p{Xs‚""amwk''Øn¬ \ap-°v \¬I-s∏-Sp-∂p. a\p-jys‚ hm°p-I-fp-sSbpw I¿Ω-ß-fp-sSbpw ""AS-bmf''Øn¬IqSn ssZh-h-N\w hnizm-k-Øm¬ Z¿in-°m≥ Ign-bpw. ssZhw Xs∂-Øs∂ \ap°v shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp∂ hm°p-Ifpw I¿Ω-ßfpwkzoI-cn-®p-sIm≠v hnizmkw ssZh-h-N-\sØ AwKo-I-cn-°p-∂p. shfn-]m-Sns‚ IuZm-in-I-kz-̀ mhw c£m-N-cn-{X-Øn-te-°v, ÿe-Im-e-ß-fn¬ ssZh-h-N\w {]th-in-°p∂am¿§-Øn-te°v hnc¬Nq-≠p-Ibpw Ahn-SpsØ Zm\whnizm-k-Øn¬ kzoI-cn-°m≥ hnfn-°-s∏-´n-cn-°p∂ P\-ß-tfmSv kwkm-cn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂p.

IqZmi sNø-s∏´ A∏-Ønepw ho™n-epap≈{InkvXp-hns‚ bYm¿∞ km∂n-≤y-hp-am-bp≈ kmZr-iy-Øn-eqsS hN-\-Øns‚ IuZm-in-IX Aßs\ a\- n-em-°m≥ Ign-bpw.197 AƒØmcsb kao-]n-°p-Ibpw Znhy-Im-cp-Wy-hn-cp-∂n¬ ]s¶-Sp-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp-sIm≠v \mwhmkvX-h-Øn¬ {InkvXp-hns‚ ico-c-c-‡-ß-fn¬ ]¶p-tN-cp-I-bm-Wv. A¿∏-W-k-a-bsØ ssZh-h-N-\-{]-tLm-jWw{InkvXp-Xs∂ k∂n-ln-X-\m-bn-cn-°p-∂p-sh∂pw Ahn-Sp∂v\tΩmSv kwkm-cn-°p-∂p-sh-∂pw198 {ihn°-s∏-Sm≥ Ahn-Sp∂v B{K-ln-°p-∂p-sh-∂p-ap≈ Hcw-Ko-Imcw A\n-hm-cy-am-°p-∂p. Znhy-Im-cp-Wy-sØbpw ssZh-h-N-\-sØbpw \mwkao-]n-t°≠sXß-s\-sb∂v hnip≤ sPtdmw ]d-bp-∂p-≠v: ""\mw hnip-≤-en-Jn-X-ßƒ hmbn-°p-∂p. F\n°v kphn-tijw {InkvXp-hns‚ ico-c-am-Wv. Fs∂ kw_-‘n-®n-S-tØmfw hnip-≤-en-Jn-X-ßƒ Ahn-SpsØ {]t_m-[-\-am-Wv. "\nßƒ a\p-jy-]p-{Xs‚ icocw `£n-°p-IbpwAhs‚ c‡w ]m\w-sN-øp-Ibpw sNøp-∂n-s√-¶n¬' (tbm-l. 6:53) F∂v Ahn-Sp∂v Acp-fn-s®-øp-tºmƒ (Zn-hy-Im-cp-Wy) cl-ky-tØmSv _‘-s∏-SpØn AXv a\- n-em-°m-sa-¶nepwIqSn, hmkvX-h-Øn¬ {InkvXp-hns‚ ico-c-c-‡-

113

ßƒ hnip-≤-enJnXØnse hN-\-am-Wv, ssZh-Øns‚{]t_m-[-\-am-Wv. \mw (Zn-hy-Im-cp-Wy) cl-kysØ kao-]n-°p-tºmƒ, Hcp sNdp-Xcn Xmsg-ho-Wm¬ \mw hnj-an-°p-∂p. F∂m¬ \mw ssZh-h-N\w {ihn-°p-Ibpw ssZh-h-N-\hpw {InkvXp-hns‚ ico-c-c-‡-ßfpw \ΩpsS ImXp-I-fn-te°v Hgp-Ip-Ibpw sNøp-tºmƒ \mw {i≤n-°m-Ø-]£w F¥p henb B]Xv̀ oXn \ap°v A\p-̀ -h-s∏-tS≠-XmWv?''199 A∏Øns‚bpw ho™n-s‚bpw cq]-ß-fn¬bYm¿∞-Øn¬ k∂n-ln-X-\m-bn-cn-°p∂ {InkvXp, Bcm-[-\m-{I-a-Øn¬ {]tLm-jn-°-s∏-Sp∂ hN-\-Øn¬ kmZr-i-co-Xn-bn¬ k∂n-ln-X-\m-Wv. Aß-s\, ssZh-h-N-\-Øns‚ IuZm-in-I-X-sb-∏‰n IqSp-X¬ Bg-Øn-ep≈ Hcp[mc-Wbv°v \sΩ shfn-]m-Sns‚ cl-ky-sØ-°p-dn-®p≈IqSp-X¬ GIo-Ir-X-amb Hcp [mc-W-bn-te°v \bn-°m≥Ign-bpw. CXv kw`-hn-°p-∂Xv ""B¥-cn-I-ambn ]c-kv]cw_‘n-X-ßfmb {]hr-ØnIfpw hm°p-Ifpw''200 hgn-bm-Wv.CXn-s\-°p-dn-®p≈ aXn∏v hnizm-kn-I-fpsS Bflo-b-Po-hn-X-Øn\pw k -̀bpsS AP-]m-e-\-{]-h¿Ø-\-Øn\pw {]tbm-P-\-I-c-am-bn-cn-°pw.

hnip-≤-en-Jn-Xhpw seIvjW-dnbpw (Xn-cp-°¿Ω-hm-b\m kam-lm-cw)

57. hN-\hpw hnip≤ Ip¿_m-\bpw XΩn-ep≈ _‘-Øn\v Du∂¬ \¬In-s°m-≠v, hN-\-ip-{iq-j-tbmSv _‘-s∏´ Xncp-°¿Ω-Øns‚ Nne hi-ß-fn-te°v {i≤ £Wn-°m≥ kn\Upw icn-bmb coXn-bn¬ B{K-ln-®p. BZy-ambn "seIvjW-dn-'bpsS {]m[m\yw ]cm-a¿in-°m≥ Rm≥B{K-ln-°p-∂p. c≠mw hØn-°m≥ Iu¨kn¬ Blzm-\w sNbvX \ho-I-c-Ww,201 hnip≤enJn-X-tØmSv IqSp-X¬kº-∂-ambn _‘-s∏-Sp-∂-Xn¬ ̂ e-a-Wn-™n-́ p-≠v. AXvCt∏mƒ kar-≤-ambn \¬I-s∏-Sp-∂p, {]tXy-In®v Rmb-dm-gvNsØ Znhy-_-en-bn¬. seIvjW-dn-bpsS Ct∏m-gsØ

hN\w k`-bn¬


LS\ Aev]w Bh¿Ø-\-tØm-Sp-IqSn hnip-≤-en-Jn-X-Ønse IqSp-X¬ {]m[m-\y-ap≈ Nne `mK-ßƒ Ah-X-cn-∏n-°p-I-am-{X-a√; ssZhn-I-]-≤-Xn-bpsS sFIyw a\- n-em-°m≥ \sΩ klm-bn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂p. ]g-b-\n-b-a-Ønepw ]pXn-b-\n-b-a-Ønepw\n∂p≈ hmb-\-I-fpsS ]c-kv]-c-_‘w aqe-am-Wn-Xv. ""Ahn-SpsØ s]k-lm-c-l-ky-Øn¬ A\p-kva-cn-°-s∏-Sp∂ {InkvXp tI{μhy‡n-bm-bp≈''202 Hcp ]c-kv]-c-_-‘-am-Wn-Xv. B hmb\Iƒ XΩn-ep≈ _‘w Is≠-Øp-∂-Xn¬ Fs¥-¶nepw sshj-ay-ßƒ Ah-ti-jn-°p-∂p-sh-¶n¬, Imt\m-\nI hymJym-\-Øns‚ shfn-®-Øn¬, AXm-bXv samØ-Øn¬Xs∂ss__n-fn¬ A¥¿eo-\-am-bn-´p≈ sFIyw ]cn-tim-[n-®p-sIm-≠v, Ahsb kao-]n-t°-≠-Xm-Wv. Bh-iy-ap-≈-bn-S-ß-fn¬, {]mK-¤y-ap≈ Imcym-e-b-ßƒ°pw kwL-ßƒ°pw Xncp-°¿Ω-ß-fnse hmb-\-I-fpsS ]mc-kv]cywshfn-s∏-Sp-Øm≥ Dt±-in-®p≈ {]kn-≤o-I-c-W-ßƒ ]pd-s∏-Sp-hn-°m-\p≈ {Iao-I-cWw sNøm-hp-∂-Xm-Wv. Ah-sb√mw AXm-Xp-Im-esØ Bcm-[-\m-{Iaw A\p-im-kn-°p∂ Bcm-[-\m-{I-a-k-tΩ-f-\-Øn¬ {]tLm-jn-°-s∏-S-Ww. a‰v {]iv\-ßfpw {]bm-k-ßfpw ssZhn-Im-cm-[-\-bv°pw IqZm-i-I-fpsS ]cn-I¿Ω-Øn-\p-ap≈ Xncp-kw-L-Øns‚ {i≤-bn¬sIm-≠p-h-tc-≠-Xm-Wv.

eØo≥ doØnse Ct∏m-gsØ seIvjW-dn°v FIyq-sa-\nkw kw_-‘n®v {]m[m\yw Ds≠-∂p≈ hkvXpX\mw Ah-K-Wn-°m≥ ]mSn-√. Imc-Ww, ItØm-en-°m-k-`-bp-ambn Ct∏mgpw ]q¿Æ Iq´m-bva-bn-em-bn-´n-√mØ kaq-l-ßfpw AXp-]-tbm-Kn-°p-Ibpw hne-a-Xn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂p≠v. seIvjW-dn-bpsS {]iv\w ]uckvXy ItØm-en-°m-k-`-I-fpsS Bcm-[-\m-{I-a-ß-fn¬ hyXy-kvX-am-bmWvAh-X-cn-∏n-°-s∏-Sp-I. kzbw-̀ -c-Wm-h-Im-i-ap≈ k -̀I-fpsS{]tXyI ]mc-º-cy-Øn\pw {]mK-¤y-Øn\pw A\pkrX-ambpw AXp-t]m-se-Xs∂ FIyq-sa-\nkw kw_-‘n®

115

]›m-Øew IW-°n-se-Sp-Øp-sIm≠pw Cu {]iv\w""B[n-Im-cn-I-ambn ]cn-tim-[n-°m≥''203 kn\Uv A`y¿∞n-°p-I-bp-≠m-bn.

hN-\-{]-tLm-j-Whpw hmb-\-°m-cs‚ ip{iq-jbpw

58. ssZh-h-N-\-{]-tLm-j-W-Øn¬ IqSp-X¬ {i≤sNep-Ø-W-sa∂v Znhy-Im-cp-Wy-sØ-°p-dn-®p≈ kn\Uvt\c-tØ-Xs∂ Bh-iy-s∏-´n-´p-≠v.204 Hcp sshZn-It\mUo°t\m kphn-tijw hmbn-°p-tºmƒ, \n›-bn-°-s∏´Hcp hmb-\-°m-ct\m hmb-\-°m-cntbm H∂m-a-sØbpwc≠m-a-sØbpw hmb-\-Iƒ \S-Øp-I-bmWv eØo≥ ]mc-º-cy-sa∂v Adn-bm-a-s√m. Bcm-[-\m-{I-am-\p-jvTm-\-ß-fn¬hmb-\-°m-cs‚ Npa-Xe \n¿Δ-ln -°p -∂-h¿°v,205

{]tXyIn®v hmb-\-°m-cs‚ ip{iqj \n¿Δ-ln-°p-∂-h¿°v,aXn-bmb ]cn-io-e-\w \¬tI-≠-Xns‚ Bh-iy-IX206 Hcn-°¬°qSn Du∂n-∏-d™ kn\Uv ]nXm-°-∑msc ]n≥Xp-W-bv°m≥ Rm≥ B{K-ln-°p-∂p. hmb-\-°m-cs‚ip{iqj eØo≥ doØn¬ Hcp Aevamb ip{iq-j-bm-Wv.Cu Npa-Xe Gev]n-®n-´p≈ F√m-h¿°pw, Ah¿ hmb-\m-ip-{iq-j-°p-th≠n \nb-an-X-c-s√-¶n¬t∏m-epw, bYm¿∞-Øn¬ A\p-tbm-Py-amb ]cn-io-e\w {i≤m-]p-c- cw\¬tI-≠-Xm-Wv. Cu ]cn-io-e\w ss__n-fn-t\mSv _‘-s∏-́ Xpw Bcm-[-\m-{I-a-]-chpw AXp-t]m-se-Xs∂ kmt¶-Xn-I-hp-am-bn-cn-°-Ww. ""ss__nƒkw-_-‘-amb Ah-cpsScq]o-I-c-W-Øns‚ Dt±iyw hmb-\-°m¿°v kμ¿`m-\p-k-cWw hmb-\-Iƒ {Kln-°m\pw shfn-s∏-Sp∂ ktμ-i-Øns‚ tI{μmi-bsØ°p-dn®v hnizm-k-sh-fn-®-Øn¬Ah-t_m[w D≠m-Im-\p-ap≈ Ignhv \¬Ip-I-bm-Wv. hN-\-Øns‚ Bcm-[-\m-{I-a-Øns‚ A¿∞hpw LS-\bpwAXn\v Znhy-Im-cp-Wy-Øns‚ Bcm-[-\m-{I-a-tØm-Sp≈_‘-Øns‚ {]m[m-\yw, F∂n-h-sb-°p-dn®v Bh-iy-amb

hN\w k`-bn¬


Adn-hp-≠m-Im≥ Bcm-[-\m-{Ia cq]o-I-cWw hmb-\-°mscHcp-°-Ww. Ah-cp-sS-Xs∂ i_vZ-Øns‚ i‡n-sImt≠mD-]-I-c-W-Øns‚ klm-b-tØm-Sp-Iq-Sntbm ]c-ky-ambnhmbn-°p∂ Ie-bn¬, kmt¶-Xn-I-amb Xøm-sd-Sp∏v hmb-\-°msc hnZ-Kv≤-cm-°-Ww.''207

kphn-ti-j-{]-kw-K-Øns‚ {]m[m\yw

59. ssZh-P-\-Ønse Hmtcm AwK-Øn\pw ""ssZh-h-N-\-tØmSv _‘-s∏´v hyXykvX Npa-X-e-Ifpw DØ-c-hm-Zn-Ø-ß-fp-am-Wp-≈-Xv. XZ-\p-k-c-Ww, hnizm-kn-Iƒ ssZh-h-N\w {ihn-°p-Ibpw AXn-s\-°p-dn®v [ym\n-°p-IbpwsNøp-∂p. F∂m¬, Xncp-∏´w kzoI-cn®v {]t_m-[\ Npa-X-e-bp-≈-h¿ AYhm B ip{iqj ̀ c-ta-ev]n-°-s∏-´-h¿'',AXm-bXv sa{Xm-∑m¿, sshZn-I¿, Uo°-∑m¿ F∂n-h¿""ssZh-h-N\w hni-Zo-I-cn-°p-∂p.''208 AXpsIm≠v kn\-Un-ep-S-\ofw kphn-ti-j-{]-kw-K-Øn\p \¬Inb {i≤ a\- n-em-°m-hp-∂-Xm-Wv. "D]-hn-bpsS IqZmi' F∂ A∏-kvtXm-enI DZvt_m-[-\-Øn¬ Rm≥ C{]-Imcw Nq≠n-°m-Wn-°p-I-bp-≠m-bn. ""ssZh-h-N-\-Øns‚ {]m[m\ywt\m°p-tºmƒ, kphn-ti-j-{]-kw-K-ß-fpsS KpW-\n-e-hmcwsa®-s∏-Sp-tØ-≠-Xp-≠v. kphn-ti-j-{]-kwKw ""Bcm-[-\m-{I-am-\p-jvTm-\-Øns‚ ̀ mK-am-Ip-∂p.'' hnizm-kn-I-fpsS Pohn-X-ß-fn¬ AXv ^ew ]pd-s∏-Sp-hn-°-Ø-°-hn[w ssZh-h-N-\-sØ-°p-dn®v IqSp-X¬ Bg-Øn-ep≈ Hcp [mcWhf¿Øp-I-bmWv AXns‚ Dt±-iyw.''209 Xß-fpsS ssZ\w-Zn-\-Po-hn-X-ß-fn¬ ssZh-h-N\w k∂n-ln-X-am-sW∂pw{]h¿Ø-\-\n-c-X-am-sW-∂pw a\- n-em-°m≥ hnizm-kn-Isfklm-bn-°p∂ coXn-bn¬ hnip-≤-en-JnX kw_-‘-ambktμiw Pohn-X-Øn-te°v sIm≠p-h-cm-\p≈ Hcp am¿§-amWv kphn-ti-j-{]-kw-Kw. AXv A\p-jvTn-°-s∏-Sp∂ cl-ky-sØ-°p-dn-®p≈ Hcp [mc-W-bn-te°v \bn-°p-IbpwZuXy-Øn-te-°p≈ Hcp £W-ambn {]h¿Øn-°p-Ibpw

117

hnizm-k-{]-I-S-\-Øn\pw km¿Δ-{XnI {]m¿∞-\bv°pwZnhy-Im-cp-Wy-]-c-amb Bcm-[-\m-{I-a-Øn-\pw-th≠n hnizm-kn-k-aq-lsØ Hcp-°p-Ibpw thWw. XXv^-e-am-bn, Hcp{]tXyI ip{iq-j-bpsS ASn-ÿm-\-Øn¬ {]t_m-[\w\¬Im≥ Npa-X-es∏-´-h¿ Cu I¿Øhyw s\©n-te-t‰-≠-Xm-Wv. kmam-\yhpw tIh-e-hp-amb {]kw-K-ßƒ ssZh-h-N-\-Øns‚ B¿÷-h-Øn\p aß-te-ev]n-°p-∂p. AhHgn-hm-t°-≠-Xm-Wv. AXp-t]m-se-X-s∂-bmWv D]-tbm-K-iq-\y-amb imJm-Nw-{I-a-W-ß-fpw. kphn-ti-j-k-tμ-i-Øns‚ lrZ-b-Øn-te°v F∂-Xn-t\-°mƒ IqSp-X-embn{]kw-KI-\n-te°v {i≤ BI¿jn-°p-I-sb∂ A]-ISwAXn-\p-≠v. Hmtcm kphn-ti-j-{]-kw-K-Øns‚bpw tI{μ-Øn¬ \n¬t°≠ {InkvXp-hns\ Ah-X-cn-∏n-°m-\p≈\n¿∫-‘-]q¿Δ-amb Hcm-{Klw {]kw-KI-\p-s≠∂v hy‡-ambn a\- n-em-°m≥ hnizm-kn-Iƒ°p Ign-b-Ww. C°m-c-W-Øm¬ {]kw-K-I¿ hnip-≤-{K-Ÿ-hp-ambn KmVhpw \nc-¥-c-hp-amb kº¿°w ]pe¿tØ-≠-Xm-Wv.210 t_m≤y-tØmSpw Xo£vW-ambpw {]kw-Kn-°-Ø-°-hÆw Ah¿[ym\n®pw {]m¿∞n®pw {]kwKw Xøm-dm-°-Ww. C\n-]-d-bp∂ tNmZy-ßƒ a\- n¬ kq£n-°-W-sa∂v kn\UvktΩ-f\w Bh-iy-s∏-´p. ""{]tLm-jn-°-s∏-Sp∂ hnip-≤-en-Jn-X-ßƒ F¥mWv ]d-bp-∂Xv? Ft∂mSv hy‡n-]-c-ambn Ah F¥v ]d-bp∂p? AXns‚ kaq¿Øm-h-ÿ-bpsS shfn-®-Øn¬ kaq-l-tØmSv Rm≥ F¥p ]d-bWw?''211 {]kw-K-I≥ ""Bbn-cn-°Ww Xm≥ {]tLm-jn-°p∂ ssZh-h-N-\-Øns‚ BZysØ t{imXmhv.''212 hnip≤BK-kvXo-t\mkv Cßs\ ]d-bp∂p: ""B¥-cn-I-ambnssZh-h-N\w {ihn-°msX _mly-ambn AXv {]kw-Kn-°p-∂-h≥ ^e-iq-\y-\m-Wv.''213 RmbdmgvN-Iƒ°pw Xncp-\m-fp-Iƒ°p-ap≈ kphn-ti-{]-kwKw {i≤m-]q¿Δw Xøm-dm-t°-≠-Xm-Wv. Cu Znh-k-ß-fnse Bfp-Iƒ kw_-‘n-°p∂ Znhy-_-en-I-fnepw km[n-°p-tºm-sgms° katbm-

hN\w k`-bn¬


NnX-amb sNdnb hnNn-¥-\-ßƒ \¬Ip-∂Xv Hgn-hm-°-cp-Xv. {]tLm-jn-°-s∏´ hN-\sØ kzmKXw sNøm\pw Xß-fpsS Pohn-X-Øn¬ ^e-a-Wn-bm≥ AXns\ A\p-h-Zn-°m\pw hnizm-kn-Iƒ°v Ah klm-b-I-am-Ipw.

kphn-ti-j-{]-kw-K-I-e-sb-∏-‰n-bp≈ Hcp Ub-d-IvS-dn-bpsS A\p-tbm-PyX

60. seIvjW-dn-bn¬ A[n-jvTn-X-amb \√ {]kw-K-

Øns‚ Ie hf¿Øn-sb-Sp-t°≠ Hcp Ie-bm-Wv. AXp-

sIm-≠v, ap≥ kn\Uv {]I-Sn-∏n® B{K-l-Øns‚214 XpS¿®-

bm-bn, Ign-bp-∂{X G‰hpw \∂mbn Xß-fpsS Npa-X-e-

\n¿Δ-ln-°m≥ ip{iqjIsc klm-bn-°p-∂-Xn\v "Znhy-Im-

cpWy kw{Kl'Øns‚215 amXr-I-bn¬ {]mtbm-KnI {]kn-

≤o-I-c-W-ßƒ Xøm-dm-°m≥ _‘-s∏´ A[n-Im-cn-I-tfmSv

Rm≥ Bh-iy-s∏-Sp-∂p. DZm-l-c-W-am-bn, {]kw-KI¿°v

Ah-cpsS ip{iq-jm-\n¿Δ-l-W-Øns‚ Hcp-°-Øn\v {]tbm-

P-\-I-c-amb klmbw e`n-°p-∂, kphn-ti-j-{]-kw-K-sØ-

°p-dn-®p≈ Hcp Ub-d-IvSdn Xøm-dm-°mw. hnip≤ sPtdmw

\sΩ A\p-kva-cn-∏n-°p-∂-Xp-t]m-se, {]kw-K-tØm-sSm∏w

Hcp \√ Pohn-X-Øns‚ km£yhpw D≠m-bn-cn-°Ww:

""\nß-fpsS {]hr-Øn-Iƒ \nß-fpsS hm°p-Iƒ°v hncp-

≤-am-I-cp-Xv. A√m-Ø-]-£w, \nßƒ ssZhm-e-b-Øn¬

{]kw-Kn-°p-tºmƒ, \nßsf tIƒ°p-∂-h¿ Cßs\

Nn¥n-°m≥ XpS-ßn-tb-°mw. "\nßƒ°p-Xs∂ F¥p-

sIm≠v A{]-Imcw sNbvXp-IqSm?'.... {InkvXp-hns‚ sshZn-

I-\n¬ Nn¥bv°pw hm°n\pw tbmPn-∏p-≠m-I-Ww.''216

ssZh-h-N-\hpw A\p-c-RvP-\hpw tcmKo-te-]-\hpw

61. ssZh-h-N-\hpw IqZm-i-Ifpw XΩn-ep≈ _‘-Øns‚ tI{μ-Øn¬ \ne-sIm≈p∂Xv Xo¿®-bmbpwhnip≤ Ip¿_m\bm-Wv. F∂m¬ ssZh-h-N-\-Øn\v a‰v

119

IqZm-i-I-fn¬, {]tXy-In®v kuJy-Øns‚ IqZm-i-I-fn¬,AXm-bXv A\p-c-RvP-\-Øns‚ AYhm A\p-Xm-]-Øns‚IqZm-i-bnepw tcmKo-te-]\w F∂ IqZm-i-bn-epap≈{]m[m-\y-Øn\pw \mw Du∂¬ \¬tI-≠-Xm-Wv. Cu IqZm-i-I-fnse hnip-≤-en-Jn-X-Øns‚ ]¶v ]e-t∏mgpw Ah-K-Wn-°-s∏-Sm-dp-≠v. F∂m¬ Ah-bn¬ AXn-\p≈ ÿm\wDd-∏m-t°-≠-Xm-Wv. ssZh-h-N\w A\p-c-RvP-\-Øns‚ HcphN-\-am-Ip-∂p. Imc-Ww, AXn¬ ssZhw F√m Imcy-ßfpwXt∂m-Sp-Xs∂ cay-X-s∏-SpØn (cf. 2 tImdn. 5:18-̨ 20; Ft^.1:10). tbip-hn¬ amwk-am-bn-Øo¿∂, ssZh-Øns‚ £an-°p∂ kvt\lw ]m]nsb Db¿Øp∂p''217 CXv \mw Hcn-°epw ad-°m≥ ]mSn-√. ""ssZh-h-N-\-Øn-eqsS ss{IkvX-h-hn-izmkn Xs‚ ]m]-ßƒ Xncn-®-dn-bm-\p≈ {]ImiwkzoI-cn-°p-Ibpw am\-km-¥-c-Øn-te°pw ssZh-Øns‚Imcp-Wy-Øn-ep≈ ZrV-hn-izm-k-Øn-te°pw hnfn-°-s∏-Sp-Ibpw sNøp-∂p.''218 ssZh-h-N\Øns‚ A\p-c-RvP-\-i-‡n-bpsS AKm-[-amb Hc-\p-`hw D≠m-Im≥, hnip-≤-en-Jn-X-Ønse A\p-tbm-Py-amb Hcp ̀ mKw [ym\n-®p-sIm≠vIpº-km-c-Øn-s\m-cp-ßm\pw _‘-s∏´ doØn¬ hyhÿsNbvXn-´p≈ ss__n-fnse Hcp DZvt_m-[\w hmbn-°p-Itbm {ihn-°p-Itbm sNbvXp-sIm≠v Ipº-kmcw Bcw-`n-°m\pw ]›m-Ø-]n-°p∂ hy‡nsb t{]m’m-ln-∏n-t°-≠-Xm-Wv. ]›m-Øm]w {]I-Sn-∏n-°p-tºmƒ, Ipº-km-cn-°p∂ Bƒ, _‘-s∏´ doØn¬ kqNn-∏n-®n-´p-≈, ""hnip-≤-en-Jn-X-Ønse hN-\-ß-fn¬ A[n-jvTn-X-amb Hcp{]m¿∞\''219 D]tbmKn-°p-∂Xv \∂m-bn-cn-°pw. B≠p-h-́ -Ønse {]tXyI kμ¿ -̀ß-fn¬ AYhm Ah-kcw In´p-tºm-sgm-s°, hyXykvX Bcm-[-\m-{Ia ]mc-º-cy-ß-tfm-Sp≈ BZ-c-thm-Sp-IqSn km[n-°p-sa-¶n¬, _‘-s∏´doØn¬ G¿s∏-Sp-Øp∂ A\pXm-]-ip-{iq-j-I-fn¬ ]s¶-SpØv ]›m-Ø-]n-°p∂ At\-Iw-t]¿ hy‡n-]-c-ambnIpº-km-cn-°p-∂Xv \√-Xm-Wv. Chn-sS, A\p-tbm-Py-amb

hN\w k`-bn¬


hmb-\-I-fn-eq-sS, hN-\-Øns‚ ip{iq-jbv°v IqSp-X¬kabw \o°n-h-bv°m≥ Ign-bpw.

tcmKo-te-]-\-Øns‚ Imcy-Ønepw ""ssZh-h-N-\-Øns‚kuJy-Zm-b-I-i‡n t{imXm-hns‚ hy‡n-]-c-amb am\-km-¥-c-Øn-\p≈ \nc-¥-c-amb Hcp hnfn''220bmsW∂v ad-°m≥ ]mSn-√. ssZhw \¬Ip∂ km¥z-\-sØbpw XpW-tbbpw kuJy-sØ-bpw-Ip-dn®v kwkm-cn-°p∂ At\Iwhnip-≤-{KŸ `mK-ß-fp-≠v. kln-°p-∂-h-tcm-Sp≈ tbip-hn-s‚-Xs∂ kmao-]y-sØbpw Ah-X-cn® ssZh-h-N-\-ambAhn-Sp∂v F{]-Im-c-amWv \ΩpsS thZ\ Gs‰-Sp-°p-Ibpw\tΩm-Sp≈ kvt\l-Øm¬ kln-°p-Ibpw Aßs\ tcmK-Øn\pw ac-W-Øn\pw A¿∞w \¬Ip-Ibpw sNbvXXvF∂-Xn-s\-bpw-Ip-dn®v \ap°v {]tXy-I-ambn Nn¥n-°mw.kml-N-cy-ß-f-\p-k-cn-®v, CS-h-I-I-fnepw Bip-]-{Xn-I-fnepw tcmKo-te-]\w F∂ IqZmi Iq´mbn ]cn-I¿ΩwsNøp-∂Xv \√-Xm-Wv. Cu kμ¿`-ß-fn¬ hN-\-Øns‚]cn-I¿Ω-Øn\v IqSp-X¬ CSw \¬tI-≠-Xm-Wv. Xn∑-bn¬\n∂v \sΩ tamNn-∏n-°p∂ {InkvXp-hns‚ c£m-I-c-_-en-tbmSv tN¿∂p-sIm≠v Xß-fpsS thZ-\-Iƒ hnizm-k-]q¿Δw kln-°m≥ tcmKn-Isf klm-bn-°p-IbpwthWw.

ssZh-h-N-\hpw bma-{]m¿∞-\bpw

62. hnip-≤-en-Jn-X -Øn\v Du∂¬ \¬Ip∂ {]m¿∞-\m-cq-]-ß-fpsS CS-bn¬ bma-{]m¿∞-\bv°v kwi-bm-Xo-X-amb Hcp ÿm\-ap-≠v. ""hnip≤ enJn-X -hp-ambpw k`-bpsS kPoh ]mc-º-cy-hp-am-bp≈ kº¿°-Øn-te°vhnizm-kn-Isf B\-bn-°p∂ ssZh-h-N\w {ihn-°p-∂-Xns‚ Hcp khn-ti-j-cq]w''221 F∂mWv kn\Uv ]nXm-°-∑m¿ bma-{]m¿∞-\-sb-∏‰n ]d-™-Xv. F√m-‰n-ep-ap-]-cn, Cu {]m¿∞-\-bpsS ssZh-im-kv{X-]-chpw k`m-]-c-hp-amb al-Øz-sØ-∏‰n \mw hnNn-¥\w sNø-Ww. ""bma-

121

{]m¿∞-\-bn¬, k`, Ah-fpsS \mYs‚ ]utcm-ln-Xy-]-Zhn D]-tbm-Kn-®p-sIm-≠v, "CS-hn-SmsX' (1 sXk. 5:17)ssZh-Øn\v kvtXm{X-_-en, AXm-bXv Ahn-SpsØ \mawG‰p-]-d-bp∂ A[-c-ß-fpsS êw (cf. sl{_m. 13:15)A¿∏n-°p-∂p. Cu {]m¿∞\ "Hcp aW-hmń Ah-fpsSaW-hm-f-t\mSv kwkm-cn-°p∂ kzc-am-Wv. Xs‚ Xncp-i-co-c-tØm-sSm∏w {InkvXp Xs∂ ]nXm-hns\ A`n-kw-t_m-[\ sNbvX AtX {]m¿∞\ Xs∂-bm-Wn-Xv.''222 CXpkw_-‘n®v c≠mw hØn-°m≥ Iu¨kn¬ Cßs\{]kvXm-hn-®p: ""X∑qew Cu ip{iqj \n¿Δ-ln-°p-∂-h-sc√mw Xncp- -`-bpsS Hcp I¿Øhyw \nd-th-‰pI am{X-a-√, {InkvXp-hns‚ aW-hm-ń-bpsS ]c-a-amb _lp-am-\-Øn¬ ]¶p-]-‰p-Ibpw sNøp-∂p-≠v. ImcWw kvXpXn-k-a¿∏Ww hgn amXm-hmb Xncp- -`-bpsS \ma-Øn-et{XAh¿ ssZh-knw-lm-k-\-Øns‚ apºn¬ \ne-sIm-≈p-∂-Xv.223 k`-bpsS ]cky {]m¿∞-\-sb∂ \ne-bn¬, bma-{]m¿∞-\, ssZh-h-N\w {ihn-°p-∂-Xn-s‚bpw k¶o¿Ø-\-ßƒ sNm√p-∂-Xn-s‚bpw Xmf-{I-a-Øm¬ ap{Zn-X-ambnapgp -h≥ Znh-k-sØbpw hnip -≤o -I-cn -°p -I-sb∂ss{IkvXh BZ¿i-amWv apt∂m´v hbv°p-I. Cu coXn-bn¬ F√m {]h¿Ø-\hpw ssZh-Øn\p ka¿∏n-°p∂kvXpXn-tbmSv _‘-s∏-Sp-∂p.

XßfpsS Pohn-Xm-¥ \pk-cn®v bma-{]m¿∞\sNm√m≥ IS-s∏-´-h¿ apgp-h≥ k`-bp-sSbpw \∑-bv°p-th≠n Cu Npa-Xe hniz-kvX-Xm-]q¿Δw \n¿Δ-ln-°-Ww.Cu Bcm-[-\m-{Iaw A\p-jvTn-°m≥ k` Npa-X-e-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-́ p≈ sa{Xm-∑mcpw sshZn-Icpw sshZn-I-hn-Zym¿∞n-Ifpw Znh-kw-tXmdpw F√m bma-{]m¿∞-\-Ifpw sNm√m≥IS-s∏-´-h-cm-Wv.224 kzbw`c-Wm-h-Im-iap≈ ]uckvXyItØm-en-°m-k-`-I-fn¬, Cu Bcm-[-\m-{Iaw A\p-jvTn-°m-\p≈ IS-∏mSv kw_-‘n-®v, Ah-cpsS {]tXy-I-\n-b-a-Ønse \n¿t±-i-ßƒ ]n≥Xp-S-tc-≠-Xm-Wv.225 bma{]m¿∞-

hN\w k`-bn¬


\ sNm√p-∂-Xn¬ A\p-I-c-Wo-b-cm-bn-cn-°m\pw Aßs\apgph≥ k -̀bp-sSbpw B≤ym-fln-Ihpw AP-]m-e-\-]-c-hp-amb Pohn-X-Øn¬ am¿§-Z¿i-\-Øn-\p≈ Hcp tI{μhpw{]tNm-Z-\-hp-am-bn-Øo-cm\pw ka¿∏n-X-Po-hnXw \bn-°p∂kaq-l-ßsf Rm≥ t{]m’m-ln-∏n-°p-∂p.

Cu {]m¿∞-\, {]tXy-In®v {]`m-X-{]m¿∞-\bpw km-bm-” {]m¿∞-\bpw sNm√p-∂-Xv, ssZh-P-\-Øn-s‚-bn-S-bn¬ IqSp-X¬ hym]-I-am-°m≥ kn\Uv A`y¿∞n-®p.hnizm-kn-I-fpsS ̀ mKØv ssZh-h-N\w IqSp-X¬ ]cn-Nn-X-am-Ip-∂-Xn-te°p \bn-°m≥ CXn\p Ign-bpw. Rmb-dm-gvN-I-fp-sSbpw Xncp-\m-fp-I-fp-sSbpw BZysØ kmbm” \a-kvIm-c-Øn-\p≈ bma-{]m¿∞-\-I-fpsS aqey-Øn-\pw, {]-tXy-In®v ]uckvXy ItØm-en-°m-k-̀ -I-fn¬, Du∂¬ \¬-tI-≠-Xm-Wv. Cu e£y-Øn-\p-th-≠n, km[n-°p∂ CSß-fn-sem-s°, CS-h-I-Ifpw k\ym-k-k-aq-l-ß-fpw, Aevambhnizm-kn-I-fpsS ]¶m-fn-Ø-tØm-Sp-Iq-Sn, Cu {]m¿∞\t{]m’m-ln-∏n-°-W-sa∂v Rm≥ \n¿t±-in-°p-∂p.

ssZh-h-N-\hpw Bio¿Δm-Z-ß-fpsS {KŸhpw

63. AXp-t]m-se-X-s∂, Bio¿Δm-Z-ß-fpsS {KŸw D]-tbm-Kn-°p-tºmƒ, ssZh-h-N\w {]tLm-jn-°m\pw {ihn-°m\pw {lkz-ambn hni-Zo-I-cn-°m\pw \o°n-h-®n-´p≈ -`mKw {i≤n-t°-≠-Xm-Wv. k` {Iao-I-cn-°p-Ibpw hnizm-kn-Iƒ Bh-iy-s∏-Sp-Ibpw sNøp∂ kμ¿`-ß-fn¬Bio¿Δm-Z-I¿-Ωw H‰-s∏´ Fs¥-¶n-ep-am-ImsX ssZh-P-\-Øns‚ Bcm-[-\m-{I-a-Po-hn-X-hp-ambn AXns‚ icn-bmbAf-hn¬ Xo¿®-bmbpw _‘-s∏-Sp-∂-Xm-bn-cn-°-Ww. CuA¿∞-Øn¬, ""{]tLm-jn-°-s∏-Sp∂ ssZh-h-N-\-Øn¬-\n∂v AXns‚ s]mcpfpw ^e-Zm-b-I-Xzhpw Dƒs°m-≈p-∂''226 bYm¿∞Øn¬ hnip-≤-amb Hc-S-bm-f-amWvBio¿Δm-Zw. AXp-sIm≠v ssZh-Øns‚ A[-c-ß-fn¬\n-∂p-]p-d-s∏-Sp∂ Hmtcm hm°n\pw (cf. aØm. 4:4) th≠n-

123

bp≈ Hcp hni∏pw Zmlhpw hnizm-kn-I-fn¬ ho≠pwDW¿Øm-\p≈ Hcp am¿§-ambn Cu kμ¿`-ßƒ D]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂Xpw {][m-\-am-Wv.

Bcm-[-\m-{I-a-Øn¬ ]q¿Æ ]¶m-fnØwt{]m’m-ln-∏n-°m-\p≈ A`n-{]m-b-ßfpw{]mtbm-KnI \n¿t±-i-ßfpw

64. Bcm-[-\m-{I-ahpw ssZh-h-N-\hpw XΩn-ep≈_‘Øns‚ Nne ASn-ÿm\ LS-I-ßƒ N¿® sNbvX-Xn-\p-ti-jw, Bcm-[-\m-{I-am-\pjvTm\-ß-fpsS ]›m-Ø-e-Øn¬ AYhm Ah-tbmSv _‘-s∏-Sp-Øn-sb-¶nepwap≥s]-∂-tØ-°mfpw IqSp-X-embn ssZhP-\sØ ssZh-h-N-\-hp-ambn ]cn-Nn-X-cm-°m≥th≠n kn\Uv ]nXm-°-∑m¿ apt∂m-´p-h® GXm\pw \n¿t±-i-ßfpw A`n-{]m-b-ßfpw D∂-bn-°m\pw hnI-kn-∏n-°m\pw Rm≥ Ct∏mƒB{K-ln-°p-∂p.

a) ssZh-h-N-\-ip-{iqj

65. Xß-fpsS ip{iq-jbv°v ̀ c-ta-ev]n-°-s∏-́ n-cn-°p∂kaq-l-ßfn¬ hN\ ip{iq-jbv°v A¿∏n-°-s∏-Sp∂ Ah-k-c-ßƒ {Iao-I-cn-°m≥ F√m AP-]m-eIscbpw kn\Uv]nXm-°-∑m¿ t{]m’m-ln-∏n-®p.227 Cu ip{iq-j-IƒI¿Øm-hp-ambn I≠p-ap-´p-hm\p≈ khn-tij kμ¿`-ß-fm-Wv. Cu k{º-Zmbw Xo¿®-bmbpw hnizm-kn-Iƒ°v KpW-I-c-am-bn-cn-°pw. Bcm-[-\m-{Ia cq]o-I-c-WØns‚ Hcpkp{]-[m\ LS-I-ambn CXns\ ]cn-K-Wn-t°-≠-Xm-Wv.Rmb-dm-gvNsØ Znhy-_en-bpsS Hcp Hcp-°-sa-∂-\n-e-bn¬Cu Xc-Øn-ep≈ I¿Ω-ßƒ°v {]tXyI {]m[m-\y-ap-≠v.seIvjWdn-bpsS kº-∂-X-Iƒ Bg-Øn¬ Bcm-bm\pw{]tXy-In®v BK-a-\-Øn-s‚bpw {InkvXp-a- n-s‚bpwhenb t\mºn-s‚bpw CuÃ-dn-s‚bpw henb Bcm-[-\m-{I-a-Im-e-ß-fn¬ {]m¿∞n-°p-Ibpw hnip-≤-en-Jn-X-sØ-°p-

hN\w k`-bn¬


dn®v [ym\n-°p-Ibpw sNøm\pw hnizm-kn-Isf klm-bn-°m-\p≈ Hcp am¿§w-Iq-Sn-bm-W-h. sshZn-I-cpsS Ipd-hp-sIm≠v Rmb-dm-gvN-I-fnepw IS-ap≈ Xncp-\m-fp-I-fnepwZnhy-_-en-b¿∏n-°m≥ km[n-°mØ kaq-l-ß-fn¬ ssZh-h-N\ ip{iq-j-Iƒ°v {]tXy-I-ambn henb t{]m’m-l\w\¬tI-≠-Xm-Wv. "D]hnbpsS IqZmi' F∂ kn\-U\-¥c At∏m-kvX-enI DZvt_m-[-\-Øn¬ sshZn-Is‚ A`m-h-Øn¬ Rmb-dm-gvNsØ ip{iq-j-Iƒ kw_-‘n®v228 t\c-tØ-Xs∂ \¬In-bn-´p≈ kqN-\-Iƒ a\- n¬h-®p-sIm-≠pthWw CXv \n¿h-ln-°m≥. _‘-s∏´ A[n-Im-cn-Iƒ,hy‡n-k-`I-fnse A\p-`hw Dƒs°m-≠v, ip{iq-jm-kw-_-‘-amb Ub-d-IvS-dn-Iƒ Xøm-dm-°-W-sa∂v Rm≥\n¿t±-in-°p-∂p. Aß-s\-bp≈ kml-N-cy-ß-fn¬ hnizm-kn-I-fpsS hnizmkw ]cn-t]m-jn-∏n-°m≥ DX-Ip∂ hN-\-ip-{iq-j-Iƒ°v CXv klm-b-I-am-Ipw. AtX-k-abw CXvZnhy-_-en-bm-sW∂v sX‰n-≤-cn-°p∂ A]-ISw Hgn-hm-°p-Ibpw thWw. ""t\tc-a-dn-®v, Xs‚ Xncpa\- n-\p tbmPn®hnip≤cmb sshZn-Isc Ab-bv°m≥ ssZh-tØmSv{]m¿∞n-°p∂ khn-tij \nan-j-ß-fm-bn-cn -°WwAh.''229

Xo¿∞mS-\-ß-fnepw {]tXyI Xncp-\m-fp-I-fnepw P\-{]n-b-an-j-\p-I-fnepw Bflob [ym\-ß-fnepw {]mb-›n-Ø-Øn\pw ]cn-lm-c-Øn\pw A\p-Xm-]-Øns‚ {]tXyI Znh-k-ß-fnepw ssZh-h-N\ ip{iq-j-Iƒ \S-Ø-W-sa∂pw kn-\Uv ]nXm-°-∑m¿ \n¿t±-in-®p. ̀ ‡m-̀ ym-k-ß-fpsS hnhn[Bhn-jvIm-c-ßƒ Bcm-[-\m-{Ia \S-]-Sn-I-f-√. AhsbXncp-°¿Ω-ß-fmbn sX‰n-≤-cn-°p-I-bp-a-cp-Xv. F∂n-cp-∂mepw Ah ssZh-h-N-\-Øn¬\n∂v {]tNm-Z\w Dƒs°m-≈p-Ibpw k¿tΔm-]cn B hN\w {]tLm-jn-°m\pw {ihn-°m\pw Bh-iy-amb CSw \¬Ip-Ibpw thWw; {]tNm-Z-\-Øns‚ A£-b-amb Hcp t{kmX pw {]m¿∞-\-bpsS

125

AP-ø-amb amXr-I-Ifpw hnNn-¥-\-Øn-\p≈ ̂ e-{]-Z-ambhnj-b-ßfpw `‡m`ym-k-ßƒ°v ssZh-h-N-\-Øn¬Is≠-Øm≥ Ign-bpw.''230

b) hN-\hpw \n»-_vZ-Xbpw

66. ssZh-h-N-\-tØmSv _‘-s∏´pw hnizm-kn-I-fpsSPohn-X-ß-fn¬ AXns‚ kzoI-c-W-Ønepw \n»_vZ--X-bv°p≈ {]m[m-\yw, Xß-fpsS CS-s]-S-ep-I-fn¬, ]ekn\Uv ]nXm-°-∑mcpw \njvI¿jn-°p-I-bp-≠m-bn.231 hm-kvX-h-Øn¬, _mlyhpw B¥-cn-I-hp-amb \n»-_vZ-X-bn¬am{Xta hN\w kwkm-cn-°-s∏-Sp-Ibpw {ihn-°-s∏-Sp-I-bp-ap-≈p. hnNn-¥\w ]cn-t]m-jn-∏n-°p∂ Hcp Ime-L-´-a√\Ωp-tS-Xv. _lp-P-\-am-≤y-a-ß-fn¬\n∂v Hcp\nanjw-t]mepw Xßsf AI-‰n-\n¿Øm≥ Bfp-Iƒ°v `b-am-sW∂v Nne-t∏mƒ tXm∂pw. C°m-c-W-Øm¬, \n»-_vZ-X-bpsS aqey-sØ-°p-dn®v ssZh-P-\sØ t_m[-h-XvI-cn-t°-≠Xv C°m-eØv Bh-iy-am-Wv. k`-bpsS Pohn-X-Øn¬ ssZh-h-N-\-Øn-\p≈ {]mapJyw ho≠pw Is≠-Øp-I-sb-∂-Xns‚ A¿∞w hnNn-¥-\-Øn-s‚bpw B¥-cnI{]im-¥-X-bp -sSbpw Hc-h-t_m[w ho≠pw Is≠-ØpIsb∂p-Iq-Sn-bm-Wv. {InkvXp- cl-ky-ß-sf√mw \n»-_vZ-X-bn¬ \na-·-am-sW∂v ]nXm-°-∑m-cpsS al-Ømb]mc-ºcyw \sΩ ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂p.232 hN\Øns‚ kv{XobpwAhn-`m-Py-am-b-hn-[-Øn¬ \n»-_vZ-X-bpsS kv{Xobp-ambadn-b-Øn¬ sNbvX-Xp-t]m-se, \n»-_vZ-X-bn¬ am{XtassZh-h-N-\-Øn\v \Ωn¬ Hcp hmk-ÿm\w Is≠-Øm≥Ign-bq. Bflm¿∞-ambn {ihn-°p∂ Cu at\m-`mhw\ΩpsS Bcm-[-\m-{I-a-ßƒ kpK-a-am-°-Ww. ssZh-h-N\w{]Xy-£-s∏-Sp-tºmƒ hm°p-Iƒ ]cm-P-b-s∏-Sp-∂p.233

""[ym\-Øn\p klm-b-I-amb Hcp coXn-bn¬ {Iao-Icn-°-s∏-tS≠''234 hN-\-Øns‚ Bcm-[-\-{I-a-Øn¬ Ch-bp-sS-sbms° {]m[m\yw {]tXyIw hy‡-amWv. \n¿t±-in-

hN\w k`-bn¬


°-s∏-́ ncn-°p∂ ̀ mK-ß-fn¬ \n»-_vZ-Xsb ""ip{iq-j-bpsSHcp-`mK''-ambn ]cn-K-Wn-°Ww.235 AXp-sIm≠v, hnNn-¥-\-Øns‚ \nan-j-ßƒ hf¿Øn-sb-Sp-°m≥ AP-]m-e-IscRm≥ t{]m-’m-ln-∏n-°p∂p. AXn-\m¬, ]cn-ip-≤m-cq-]n-bpsS klm-b-tØm-Sp-IqSn, ssZh-h-N-\w \ΩpsS lrZ-b-ß-fn¬ Hcp kzmKXw sNø-s∏-Sp∂ Ah-ÿ-bp-≠m-Ipw.

c) ssZh-h-N-\-Øns‚ kmtLmjamb {]tLm-jWw

67. kn\-Un¬\n∂v Bhn¿`-hn® as‰mcp \n¿t±iwssZh-h-N-\-Øns‚, {]tXy-In®v kphn-ti-j-Øns‚,{]tLm-jWw IqSp-X¬ BtLm-j-]q¿Δam-°-W-sa-∂p-≈-Xm-bn-cp∂p. hnti-jn®v, kphn-ti-j-{K-Ÿ-Øns‚ D]-tbm-K-Øn-eqsS {][m\ Xncp-\m-fp-I-fn¬ CXp {Iao-I-cn°Ww.{]mcw-`-N-S-ßp-I-fpsS ka-bØv, kphn-ti-j-{KŸw {]Z-£n-W-ambn kwh-ln-°p-Ibpw ]n∂oSv Uo°t\m sshZn-It\m {]tLm-j-W-Øn-\p-th≠n ]oT-Øn-te°v BtLm-j-]q¿hw sIm-≠p-h-cn-Ibpw thWw. ""hN-\-Øns‚ Bcm-[-\-{I-a-Ønse D∂-X-L´w kphn-ti-j-hm-b-\-bm-sW∂v''236 a\- n-em-°m≥ ssZh-P-\sØ CXp klm-bn°pw. "Znhy-_-en-°p≈ hmb-\-I-fpsS {Ia-Øn¬' AS-ßp∂ kqN-\-Iƒ°-\p-kr-X-ambn, ssZh-h-N\w, hnti-jn®v kphn-tijw, {]tXy-In®v Nne Xncp-\m-fp-I-fn¬, Km\-cq-]-Øn¬ kmtLm-j-ambn {]tLm-jn°pI AXns‚ al-Xz-Øn\p tN¿∂-Xm-bn-cn-°pw. A`n-h-μ\w, ""hnip-≤.... Adn-bn® kphn-tijw'' F∂ {]mcw` Adn-bn-∏v, ""ssZh-h-N-\-amWv \mw tI´Xv'' F∂ kam-]-\-hm-°p-Iƒ, F∂nh,hmbn-®- `mKØns‚ {]m[m\yw Du∂n-∏-d-bm-\p≈ Hcpam¿§w F∂\ne-bn¬, Km\-ambn Be-]n-°m-hp-∂-XmWv.237

d) ssZh-h-N\w ss{IkvX-h-ssZ-hm-e-b-ß-fn¬

68. ssZh-h-N\w {ihn-°p-∂Xp kpK-a-am-°m≥ hnizm-kn-I-fpsS {i≤ tI{μo-I-cn-°p-∂-Xn\p klm-b-I-amb \S-

127

]-Sn-Iƒ ]cn-K-Wn-°Ww. Bcm-[-\m-{I-a-]-chpw hmkvXp-in-ev]-]-c-hp-amb hyh-ÿ-Iƒ bYm-hn[n BZ-cn-®p-sIm≠v,ssZhm-e-bØnse i_vZ-kw-hn-[m-\-Øn¬ Xmev]cywImt´-≠-XmWv. ""ssZhm-e-b-ßƒ \n¿Ωn-°p-tºmƒ, AhhN-\-{]-tLm-j-W-Øn\pw [ym\-Øn\pw Znhy-_-en-b¿∏-W-Øn\pw A\p-tbm-Py-am-°m≥, DNn-X-amb klm-b-tØm-Sp-IqSn, sa{Xm-∑m¿ {i≤n-°Ww. Xncp-°¿Ω-ßƒ°p-]p-dsa, hnip-≤-ÿ-e-ßfpw hmNm-e-am-bn-cn-°Ww. ssZh-h-N-\-tØmSp _‘-s∏´v Ah ss{IkvX-h-c-lkyw Ah-X-cn-∏n-°p-Ibpw thWw.''238

ssZh-h-N\w {]tLm-jn-°p∂ Bcm-[-\-{I-a-]-c-ambCSw F∂ \ne-bn¬ Db¿∂-]o-T-Øn\v (Ambo) {]tXy-I-{i≤ \¬tI-≠-XmWv. hy‡-ambn ImWm-hp∂ Hcp ÿe-Øp-thWw AXp ÿm]n-°m≥. hN-\-ip-{iq-j-bpsS ka-bØv hnizm-kn-I-fpsS {i≤ kzm`m-hn-I-ambn AhnsS ]Xn-bWw. Aƒ-Øm-c-bp-ambn kuμ-cy-im-kv{X-]-c-ambn s]mcp-Ø-s∏-Sp∂ coXn-bn-em-bn-cn-°Ww AXv Ae-¶-cn-t°-≠Xv."hN-\-Øn-s‚ tai-bpsSbpw Znhy-Im-cp-Wy-Øn-s‚ tai-bpsSbpw ssZh-im-kv{X-]-c-amb {]m[m\yw Zriy-ambnAh-X-cn-∏n-°m≥th-≠n-bm-WnXv. hmb-\-Iƒ, {]Xn-h-N-\-k-¶o¿Ø\w, {]tLm-jWw F∂nh Cu ]oTØn¬\n∂mWv DZvtLm-jn-°-s∏-tS-≠Xv. kphn-ti-j-{]-kw-K-Øn\pw hnizm-kn-I-fpsS {]m¿∞-\bv°pw AXv D]-tbm-Kn-°m-hp-∂-XmWv.239

"Xncp-°¿Ω-ßƒ°p-sh-fn-bn¬'t]mepw hnip-≤-en-Jn-X-ßƒ°v _lp-am-\y-amb Hcp ÿew \¬I-W-sa∂pwkn\Uv ]nXm-°-∑m¿ \n¿t±in°p-I-bp-≠mbn.240 ssZh-h-N\w AS-ßn-bn-cn-°p∂ {KŸ-Øn\v ss{IkvX-h-ssZ-hm-e-b-ßfn¬ Zriy-amb Hcp _lp-am-\y-ÿm\w D≠m-bn-cn-°p-∂Xp \√-XmWv. hnip-≤-Ip¿_m\ Dƒs°m-≈p∂k{Im-cn°p \¬Ip∂ A\p-tbm-Py-amb tI{μ-ÿm-\-

hN\w k`-bn¬


Øn\p tIm´w X´mØ coXn-bn-em-bn-cn-°Ww CXv.241

e) Bcm-[-\m-{I-a-Øn¬ ss__nƒ`m-K-ß-fp-sS-am{XwD]-tbmKw

69. B[ym-fln-Itam AP-]m-e-\-]-ctam Bb Hcp \ne-]m-Sn¬ \n∂p-t\m-°p-tºmƒ F{X {]m[m-\y-ap-≈-Xm-sW-¶nepw a‰p ]pkvX-I-ß-fn¬\n-∂p≈ ̀ mK-ßƒ Hcn-°epwhnip≤ enJn-X-Øn¬\n∂v FSp-°p∂ hmb-\-Iƒ°p ]I-c-am-Im≥ ]mSn√ F∂, ap≥t] Xs∂ Bcm-[-\-{I-a-\n-b-a-Øn¬ hyh-ÿ-sN-bvXn-´p≈,242 Imcyhpw hy‡-amb co-Xn-bn¬ kn\Uv Bh¿Øn-®p-d-∏n®p {]kvXm-hn®p. ""Bflo-btam kmln-Xy-]-ctam Bb Hcp ]pkvX-I-Øn-\pw, ssZh-h-N-\-amb hnip-≤-en-JnXw Dƒs°m-≈p∂ aqey-Øn\pwkº-∂-X°pw Xpey-am-Im≥ Ign-bp-I-bn√.''243 CXv F∂pw\ne-\n¿tØ≠ k -̀bpsS, Hcp ]pcm-X-\-\n-b-a-amWv.244 NneZpcp-]-tbm-K-ß-fpsS ]›m-Ø-e-Øn¬, hnip-≤-en-Jn-X-Øn-s‚- ÿm-\Øv a‰p hmb-\-Iƒ Hcn-°epw D]-tbm-Kn-°m≥]mSn√ F∂-Xns‚ {]m[m\yw, tPm¨ t]mƒ c≠m-a≥am¿]m∏ t\c-tØ-Xs∂ Bh¿Øn®v Du∂n-∏-d-™n-´p≠v.245 {]Xn-h-N-\-k-¶o¿Ø-\hpw ssZh-h-N\am-sW-∂p-≈Xv a\- n¬ kq£n-t°-≠-XmWv. AXp-sIm≠v AXn-\p-]-Icw a‰p ]mT-`mKßƒ ]mSn√. {]Xn-h-N-\-k-¶o¿Ø\w Be-]n-°p-∂Xv Xo¿®-bmbpw G‰hpw A\p-tbm-Py-amWv.

f) ss__nƒ˛{]tNm-ZnX Bcm-[-\-{I-a-KoXw70. Bcm-[-\-{I-a-Øn¬ ssZh-h-N-\-Øn\v Hu∂Xyw

\¬Ip-∂-Xns‚ `mK-ambn, _‘-s∏´ doØv Bh-iy-s∏-Sp∂ Ah-k-c-ß-fn¬ Km\w D]-tbm-Kn-°m\pw {i≤n-t°-≠-XmWv. ss__n-fn¬\n∂v hy‡-ambn {]tNm-Z\w Dƒ-s°m-≈p-∂Xpw kwKo-X-Øn-s‚bpw ]Z-ß-fp-sSbpw tN¿®-bn-eqsS ssZh-h-N-\-Øns‚ Nmcp-X-{]-I-S-am-°p-∂-Xp-amb

129

Km\-ßƒ°v ap≥K-W\ \evIWw. Cu am\-ZWvUw am\n-°p∂, k`-bpsS ]mc-º-cy-Øn¬\n∂p \ap°p ssIam-dn-°n-´n-bn-´p≈ Km\-ßƒ ]c-am-h[n D]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂Xp\∂m-bn-cn°pw. {KntKm-dn-b≥ kwKo-X-Øns‚ {]m[m-\y-sØ-∏‰n Rm≥ {]tXyIw Nn¥n-°p-I-bmWv.246

g) ImgvN°pw tIƒhn°pw sshI-ey-ap-≈-h-sc-°p-dn®v{]tXy-I]cn-K-W\

71. Bcm-[-\-{I-a-Øn¬ kPo-h-ambn ]s¶-Sp-°p-∂-Xn¬{]iv\-ßƒ t\cn-Sp-∂-h¿°v {]tXyI {i≤ \¬I-W-sa∂kn\-Uns‚ ip]m¿i ChnsS A\p-kva-cn-°m≥ Rm≥B{K-ln-°p∂p. DZm-l-c-W-ambn, ImgvN°pw tIƒhn°pwsshI-ey-ap-≈-h-sc-∏-‰n-bmWp Rm≥ Nn¥n-°p-∂Xv.I¿Øm-hns‚ hN-\-hp-ambn Hcp kPo-h-k-º¿°w A\p-`-hn-°m≥ Ah-scbpw {]m]vX-cm-°m≥, Aß-s\-bp≈sshI-ey-ßƒ kln-°p∂ \ΩpsS ktlm-Z-co-k-tlm-Z-c-∑m¿°v {]mtbm-Kn-I-ambn km[y-amb F√m klm-bhpw\¬Ip-∂-Xn\v \ΩpsS ss{IkvX-h-k-aq-l-ßsf Rm≥t{]m’m-ln-∏n-°p∂p.247

k`-bpsS Pohn-X-Øn¬ssZhhN\w

hnip-≤-en-Jn-X-Ønse ssZh-h-N-\-hp-ambp≈I≠p-ap-́ ¬

72. ssZh-h-N-\-Øns‚ {]tLm-j-W-Øn\pw {ih-W-

Øn\pw ip{iq-j-°p-ap≈ khn-ti-j-ÿ-e-amWv Bcm-[-

\-{I-a-sa-∂Xv kXy-am-sW-¶n¬; hnizm-kn-I-fpsS lrZ-b-

ß-sf Cu I≠p-ap-´-en\mbn Hcp-°-p-Ibpw ]n∂oSv, k¿-

tΔm-]cn, Ah¿ AXv AKm-[-am-°p-Ibpw kzmwio-I-cn-°p-

Ibpw sNø-W-sa-∂p-≈Xv AXp-t]m-se-X-s∂- {]m[m-\y-

hN\w k`-bn¬


a¿ln-°p∂p. Xs∂ A\p-K-an-°m≥ \sΩ Blzm\w

sNøp∂ tbip-hp-am-bp≈ Hcp t\¿°m-gvN-bm¬ AXy-

¥m-t]-£n-X-ambn ap{Zn-X-amWv ss{IkvX-h-Po-hnXw. C°m-

c-W-Øm¬, ss{IkvX-h-k-aq-l-ß-fnse AP-]m-e-\-ip-{iq-

j-bpsS {]m[m-\y-sØ-∏‰n sa{Xm-∑m-cpsS kn\Uv IqsS-

°qsS kwkm-cn®p. ssZh-h-N-\-Øn¬ A[n-jvTn-X-am-bp≈

hy‡n-]-chpw kmaq-ln-I-hp-amb Hcp Xo¿∞m-S\w \S°p-

Ibpw \ΩpsS Bflo-b-Po-hn-X-Øn-\p≈ ASn-ÿm-\-ambn

bYm¿∞-Øn¬ {]h¿Øn-°p-Ibpw sNøm≥ Ign-bp∂

DNn-X-amb kwhn-[m-\-sa∂ \ne-bn-em-WXv. ""{]m¿∞-\m-

\n¿`-chpw hnizm-k-`-cn-X-hp-amb ss__nƒhm-b\ Ime-

{I-taW tbip-hp-am-bp≈ Ah-cpsS hy‡n-]-c-amb _‘w

Bg-s∏-Sp-Ø-Ø-°-hn[w ssZh-P-\-Ønse Hmtcm AwK-

Øn-s‚bpw hnip-≤-en-Jn-X-tØm-Sp≈ h¿≤n® kvt\l-

Øns‚ Hcp \h-h-k¥w''248 kwPm-X-amIm≥ th≠n-bp≈

Fs‚ lrZ-bw-K-a-amb {]Xymi kn\Uv ]nXm-°-∑-tcm-

sSm∏w Rm≥ {]I-Sn-∏n-°p∂p.{InkvXp-hn-t\m-Sp≈ kvt\l-Øn¬ hf-cm≥ hnip-≤-

en-Jn-X-⁄m-\-Øns‚ Bh-iy-I-X-sb-∏‰n k`m-N-cn-{X-Øn-ep-S-\ofw At\Iw hnip-≤-∑m¿ kwkm-cn-®n-́ p≠v. k`m-]n-Xm-°-∑m-cn¬ CXp {]tXy-In®p hy‡-amWv. hnip≤Ptdmw, ssZh-h-N-\-tØm-Sp≈ At±-l-Øns‚ henbkvt\l-Øn¬, ]e-t∏mgpw Cßs\ hnkva-bn-®n-´p≠v:""hnip-≤-en-Jn-X-Øn¬ ]cn-⁄m-\-an-√msX Hcmƒ°v Fß-s\-bmWv Pohn-°m≥ Ign-bpI? hnizm-kn-I-fpsS Poh-\mb{InkvXp-hn-s\-°p-dn-®p-Xs∂ \mw Adn-bm≥ CS-bm-Ip-∂XvAXn-eq-sS-bm-Wt√m.''249 ""hnizm-kn-I-tfmSv ssZhw Znh-tk\ kwkm-cn-°p∂''250 am¿§w ss__n-fm-sW∂vhnip≤ Ptdman\v \∂m-b-dn-bm-am-bn-cp∂p. tdma≥ IpSpw-_n\n te‰mbv°v Ah-cpsS aIsf hf¿-Øp-∂Xpkw_-‘n®v At±-l-Øns‚ D]-tZiw CXm-bn-cp∂p. ""F√m Znh-

131

khpw hnip-≤-en-Jn-X-Ønse Hcp `mKw Ahƒ ]Tn-°p-∂p-sh∂v Dd-∏m-°pI.. hmb-\-sb-Øp-S¿∂p {]m¿∞-\bpw{]m¿∞-\-sb-Øp-S¿∂v hmb-\bpw thWw... B`c-W-ß-fp-sSbpw ]´n-s‚bpw ÿm\Øv Ahƒ ssZhn-I-]p-kvX-I-ßsf kvt\ln-°m≥ th≠n-bm-WnXv.''251 sshZn-I-\mbs\t]m-jy-\p≈ sPtdm-ans‚ Cu D]-tZ-ihpw \ap-°p-_m-[I-amWv; ""hnip≤enJn-X-ßƒ IqsS-°qsS hmbn-°pI.hnip-≤-{KŸw Hcn-°epw Xm¶-fpsS ssIbn¬ D≠m-Im-Xn-cn-°-cpXv. Xm¶ƒ ]Tn-∏n-t°-≠Xv AXn¬\n∂v ]Tn-°pI.''252 ss__nƒ ]T-\-Øn-\p-th≠n Xs‚ PohnXwka¿∏n -°p-Ibpw AXns‚ eØo≥]-cn -`m -j-bmb"hpƒKmØm' k`bv°p \¬Ip-Ibpw sNbvX Cu alm-hn-ip-≤s‚ amXr-Ibpw AXp-t]m-se-Xs∂ Xß-fpsSBflo-b-Po-hn-X-ß-fpsS tI{μ-amb {InkvXp-hp-ambnt\¿°mgvN \S-Ønb F√m hnip-≤-cpsSbpw amXr-Ibpw\ap°v A\p-I-cn°mw. Xs‚ k`bv°p ssZhw \¬InbhN-\sØ Bg-Øn¬ a\- n-em-°m-\p≈ \ΩpsS bXv\-ßƒ \ap°p \ho-I-cn°mw. aq∂mw ss{IkvX-h-k-l-{km-_vZ-Øns‚ XpS-°-Øn¬ tPm¨t]mƒ c≠m-a≥ am¿]m∏\n¿t±-in® ""km[-mcW ss{IkvX-h-Po-hn-X-Øns‚ D∂-X-\n-e-hmcw'' 253 \ap°v Aßs\ e£y-am-°m≥ Ignbpw.ssZh-h-N\w {i≤m-]q¿Δw {ihn-°p-∂-Xn¬ CXv \nc-¥-c-]-cn-t]m-jWw Is≠-Øp∂p.

hnip-≤-{K-Ÿ-{]-tNm-Zn-X-amb AP-]m-e-\-{]h¿Ø\w

73. k -̀bpsS Pohn-X-Øn¬ ssZh-h-N-\-Øn-\p≈ tI{μ-ÿm-\-Øn\v Du∂¬ \¬Ip∂ AP-]m-e-\-]-c-amb Hcp{]tXy-I -{]-Xn-_-≤-X-°p-th≠n Cu coXn-bn¬ kn\UvBlzm\w sNbvXp. a‰v AP-]m-e-\-{]-h¿Ø-\-cq-]-ß-tfm-sSm-∏-a-√msX, ""F√m AP-]m-e-\-{]-h¿Ø-\-sØbpw{]tNm-Zn-∏n-°m≥ ss__n-fns\ A\p-h-Zn-°p∂ Hcp

hN\w k`-bn¬


am¿§''254ambn h¿≤n® Hcp ""ss__nf[njvTnX-t{]-jn-XXz''Øn\v kn\Uv ip]m¿i-sNbvXp. CXns‚ A¿∞wCS-h-I-I-fntem cq]-X-I-fntem Ahn-sSbpw Chn-sSbpw HcptbmKw kwL-Sn-∏n-°pI F∂√. Xs‚ hN-\-Øn-eqsSXs∂-Øs∂ \ap°p \¬Ip∂ {InkvXp-hp-ambn hy‡n-]-c-amb Hcp t\¿°mgvN hf¿Øn-sb-Sp-°m≥ CS-h-I-I-fn-sebpw kwL-S-\-I-fn-sebpw {]ÿm-\-ß-fn-sebpwss{IkvX-h-k-aq-l-ßƒ°v bYm¿∞-Øn¬ Xmev]-cy-ap-t≠m-sb∂p ]cn-tim[n°m≥ Ah-bpsS km[m-c-W-{]-h¿Ø-\-ßƒ ]cn-tim-[n-°pI F∂m-W¿∞w. ""hnip-≤-en-Jn-X-ß-sf-°p-dn-®p≈ A⁄-X-{In-kvXp-hn-s\-°p-dn-®p≈ A⁄-X-X-s∂-bmWv.''255 AXp-sIm≠v, ss__n-fns\ km[m-c-Whpw Akm-[m-c-W-hp-amb F√m AP-]m-e-\-{]-h¿Ø-\-ß-fp-sSbpw {]tNm-Z-\-am-°p-∂Xv {InkvXpF∂ hy‡n-sb-∏-‰n-bp≈ h¿≤n® Ah-t_m-[-Øn-te°p\bn°pw. {InkvXp-hmWv ]nXm-hns\ shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂Xv.Ahn-Sp∂v ssZhn-I-sh-fn-]m-Sns‚ ]q¿Æ-X-bmWv.

C°m-c-W-Øm¬, ss__n-fn-ep≈ Cu Du∂-ens‚{]m[m\yw AwKo-I-cn-°m≥ AP-]m-eIscbpw hnizm-kn-I-sfbpw Rm≥ t{]m’m-ln-∏n-°p∂p. kn\-Un¬ N¿®sN-ø-s∏´ AP-]m-e-\-]-c-amb Nne {]iv\-ßƒ ssIImcywsNøm\pw AXp Xs∂-bm-bn-cn°pw F‰hpw \√ am¿§w.DZm-l-c-W-ambn, hnip-≤-en-Jn-X-Øns‚ hf-s®m-Sn-®XpwIr{Xn-a-hp-amb Hcp hymJym\w ]c-Øp∂ k`m-hn-̀ m-K-ßƒs]cp-Ip-∂Xp kw_-‘n® {]iv\w N¿®-sN-ø-s∏´p. k`-bpsS hnizm-k-Øn-\-\p-kr-X-ambpw Ah-fpsS kPo-h-]m-c-º-cy-Øn¬ A[n-jvTn-X-ambpw ss__nƒ a\- n-em-°m≥hnizm-kn-Isf klm-bn-°mØ CS-ß-fn¬, AP-]m-e-\-]-c-amb Cu iq\yX, taev]-d™ht]m-se-bp≈ hn`m-K-ßƒ°v thcp-]n-Sn-°m≥ ]‰nb hf-°q-dp≈ aÆm-bn-Øo-cp∂p. hnip-≤-en-Jn-X-tØm-Sp≈ bYm¿∞-k-ao-]-\-Øn¬ssZh-P-\sØ ]Tn-∏n-°m≥ Ign-bp∂ sshZn-I-scbpw

133

Aevam-b-scbpw A\p-tbm-Py-amb coXn-bn¬ Hcp-°p-∂-Xn-\p≈ {Iao-I-c-W-ßfpw G¿s∏-SptØ≠-XmWv.

IqSmsX, kn\-Uvk-tΩ-f-\-ß-fn¬ Xocp-am-\n-®-Xp-

t]mse, AP-]m-e-\-{]-h¿Ø\w "sNdp-k-aq-l-ßsf' k-

lm-bn-°p-∂Xpw \√-XmWv. Cu kaq-l-ßƒ ""IpSpw-_-

ß-fm¬ cq]o-Ir-X-am-Ip-∂-htbm CS-h-I-I-fn¬ A[n-jvTn-

X-am-b-htbm k`m-{]-ÿm-\-ß-tfmSpw ]pXnb kaq-l-ß-

tfmSpw _‘-s∏-´-htbm''256 BImw. Chbv°v cq]o-I-c-

Whpw {]m¿∞-\bpw k -̀bpsS hnizm-k-Øn-\-\p-kr-X-amb

ss__nƒ⁄m-\hpw h¿≤n-∏n-°-p∂-Xn¬ klm-bn-°m≥

Ignbpw.

aX-t_m-[-\-Øns‚ ss__nƒ kw_-‘-ambam\w

74. k -̀bpsS AP-]m-e-\-{]-h¿Ø-\-Ønse Hcp {][m-

\-hiw aX-t_m-[-\-amWv. hnth-I-]q¿Δw D]-tbm-Kn-°p-

I-bm-sW-¶n¬, AXns‚ hnhn[ cq]-ß-fn-eq-sSbpw Xe-

ß-fn-eq-sSbpw ssZh-P\-Øns‚ bm{Xsb \nc-¥-c-ambn

A\p-K-an-t°≠Xm-WnXv. FΩm-hq-kn-te-°p≈ hgn-

bn¬h®v tbip-hns\ ImWp∂ injy-∑m-sc-∏‰n eq°m

\¬Ip∂ hnh-cWw (cf. eq°m 24:13˛35), Hc¿∞-Øn¬,

""hnip-≤-en-Jn-X-ß-fpsS hymJym-\-Øn¬'' tI{μo-Ir-X-amb

Hcp aX-t_m-[-\-Øns‚ amXr-Isb {]Xn-\n-[o-I-cn-°p∂p.

CXp {In-kvXp-hn-\p-am{Xw \¬Im≥ Ign-bp∂ Hcp hymJym-

\-amWv (cf. eq°m 24:27˛28). Xms\∂ hy‡n-bn¬ Ah

\nd-th-dp-∂-Xmbn Ahn-Sp∂p ImWn-°p∂p.257 F√m ]cm-

P-b-Øn-s‚-taepw hnPbwhcn-°p∂ {]Xymi Aßs\

]p\¿P-\n-°p-Ibpw AXv B injy-∑msc D∞n-X-\mb

I¿Øm-hn¬ DØ-a-t_m-≤y-ap-≈-hcpw Ahn-SpsØ hniz-

k-\o-b-amb km£n-Ifpam-°n-Øo¿°p-Ibpw sNbvXp.

ss__n-fn¬\n∂p {]tNm-Z\apƒs°m≈p∂ Hcp aX-

hN\w k`-bn¬


t_m-[-\-Øn-\p≈ hne-s∏´ am¿§-Z¿i-I-tc-J-Iƒ "s]mXp--a-X-t_m-[-\-U-b-d-IvSdn'bn¬ AS-ßn-bn-cn-°p∂p. Ah]n≥Xp-S-cp-∂Xn\v kt¥m-j-]p-c- cw Rm≥ t{]m’m-ln-∏n-°p-I-bmWv.258 ChnsS {]Y-ahpw {][m-\-hp-ambn HcpImcyw Du∂-n∏-d-bm≥ Rm≥ B{K-ln-°p∂p. aX-t_m-[-\w ss__n-fn-s‚bpw kp-hn-ti-j-ß-fp-sSbpw -{K-Ÿ-ß-tfm-S-pXs∂ \nc-¥-c-k-º¿°w ]pe¿Øn-s°m≠v Ah-bpsS a\:ÿnXn-bpw ssNX-\y-hpw ho£-Whpw kzmb-Ø-am-°Ww. k`-bpsS a\ pw lrZ-bhpw Dƒs°m≠vhnip-≤-{KŸw hmbn-°p-Ibpw c≠p kl-{km-_vZ-ß-fm-bp≈ k`-bpsS hnNn -¥-\-ß-fn¬\n∂pw Pohn -X-Øn¬\n∂pw {]tNm-Z\w kzoI-cn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-tºmƒaX-t_m-[\w IqSp-X¬ kº-∂hpw ̂ e-{]-Z-hp-am-Ip-sa∂v{]tXyIw Hm¿Ωn-t°-≠-Xp≠v.''259 ss_-_n-fnse hy‡n-I-sfbpw kw`-h-ß-sfbpw {]kn-≤-amb hN-\-`m-Kß-sfbpw Ipdn-®p≈ Adnhv t{]m’m-ln-∏n-°Ww. ss{IkvX-h-c-l-ky-ßƒ {]tXy-I-ambn Bhn-jvI-cn-°p∂ Nne ̀ mK-ß-fpsS hnth-I-]q¿Δ-I-amb "lrZn-ÿ-am-°¬' hgnbpwCXp t{]m’m-ln-∏n -°m-hp-∂-XmWv. aX-t_m-[\wFt∏mgpw hnip-≤-en-Jn-XsØ hnizm-k-Ønepw k`-bpsS]mc-º-cy-Ønepw kao-]n-°p-∂Xv A\n-hm-cy-am-°p∂p.Ahn-SpsØ \ma-Øn¬ ct≠m aqt∂mt]¿ Hcp-an®pIqSp∂ CS-ß-fn¬ (cf. aØm. 18:20) {InkvXp C∂p Pohn-°p-∂-Xp-t]mse, hnip-≤-en-Jn-X-h-N-\-ßƒ k-Po-h-am-sW∂p ImWm≥ th≠n-bm-WnXv. aX-t_m-[\w c£mIc-N-cn-{Xhpw k`-bpsS hnizm-k-Øns‚ D≈-S-°hpw kPo-h-amb coXn-bn¬ kwth-Z\w sNøWw. Aßs\ hnizm-kn-k-aq-l-Ønse Hmtcm AwK-sØbpw Ahs‚ As√-¶n¬ Ah-fpsS kz¥w PohnXw Cu Ncn-{X-Øns‚ -̀ mKam-sW∂v a\- n-em-°m≥ {]m]vX-cm-°Ww.

"s]mXp-a-X-t_m-[-\-U-b-d-IvSdn'bn¬ {]Xn-]m-Zn-°p-∂-

135

Xp-t]mse, hnip-≤-en-Jn-Xhpw "ItØm-en-°m-k-̀ -bpsS aX-t_m-[\'hpw XΩn-ep≈ _‘-Øn\v ChnsS Du∂¬

\¬tI-≠Xv {][m-\-amWv: "]cn-ip-≤m-cq-]n-bpsS \nth-i-

\-Øm¬ Fgp-X-s∏´ ssZh-h-N\w' F∂ \ne-bn¬ hnip≤

enJn-Xhpw; k`-bpsS kPo-h-]m-c-º-cy-Øns‚ Hcp kp{]-

[m\ ka-Im-enI Bhn-jvIm-chpw hnizmkw ]Tn-∏n-°m-

\p≈ Hcp kp\n-›n-X-\n-b-ahpw F∂ \ne-bn¬ "ItØm-

en-°m-k-`-bpsS aX-t_m-[-\'hpw, Hmtcm∂pw A-Xns‚

kz¥w am¿§-Ønepw \n›n-X- A-[n-Im-c-Øn-\-\p-kr-X-

ambpw C∂sØ k`-bnse aX-t_m-[-\sØ ]cn-t]m-jn-

∏n-°m≥ \ntbmKn-°-s∏-´n-cn-°p∂p.''260

{InkvXym-\n-I-fpsS ss__nf[n-jvTnXcq]oIcWw

75. kn\Uv \n›-bn® e£yw, AXm-bXv k`-bpsS

AP-]m-e-\-{]-h¿Ø-\-Øn¬ ss__n-fn\v h¿≤n® Hcp

Du∂¬ \¬I-W-sa-∂p-≈Xv, t\Sn-sb-Sp-°m≥ F√m

{InkvXym-\n-Iƒ°pw, {]tXy-In®v aXm-≤ym-]-I¿°v, A\p-

tbm-Py-amb ]cn-io-e\w e`n-t°-≠-Xm-h-iy-amWv. "ss_-

_nƒt{]-jn-XXz'Øn¬ {i≤-sN-ep-tØ-≠-Xp≠v. k -̀bpsS

A\p-`hw ImWn-°p-∂-Xp-t]mse, ta¬]-d™ e£yw

ssIh-cn-°p-∂-Xn-\p≈ hne-s∏´ Hcp am¿§-am-WnXv. ssZh-

h-N\w a\- n-em-°m\pw AX-\p-k-cn®p Pohn-°m\pw AXp

{]tLm-jn-°m\pw Aevam-b-scbpw anj-W-dn-am-scbpw ]cn-

io-en-∏n-°m≥ Ign-bp∂ cq]o-I-c-W-tI-{μ-ßƒ, Ign-bp-

sa-¶n¬ \ne-hn-ep≈ A°m-Z-an-I-L-S-\-Iƒ D]-tbm-Kn-

®p-sIm≠v, ÿm]n-°-W-sa∂pw kn\Uv ]nXm-°-∑m¿

ip]m¿i-sNbvXp. Bh-iy-ap-≈-bn-S-ß-fn¬ ss__nƒ]-

T-\-Øn\v {]tXyI sshZ-Kv≤y-ap≈ ÿm]-\-ßƒ ÿm]n-

°Ww. ss__nƒ hymJym-Xm-°ƒ°v ssZh-im-kv{X-

Øn¬ kpZr-V-amb ⁄m\hpw Xß-fpsS ZuXyw Xßƒ

hN\w k`-bn¬


\n¿Δ-ln-°p∂ ]›m-Ø-e-ß-sf-°p-dn®v A\p-tbm-Py-amb

Hcp [mc-Wbpw Ds≠∂v Dd-∏p-h-cp-Øm≥th-≠n-bm-WnXv.261

hnip-≤-en-JnXw hn]p-e-amb k`m-k-tΩ-f-\-ß-fn¬

76. km[y-amb hnhn[ DZy-a-ß-fpsS CS-bn¬, cq]-Xm-X-e-Øntem tZio-btam A¥¿t±-io-btam Bb Xe-ß-fntem D≈ ktΩ-f-\-ß-fn¬ ssZh-h-N-\-Øns‚ {]m[m-\y-Øn\pw AXp {i≤m-]q¿Δw {ihn-°p-∂-Xn\pw ss__n-fns‚ hnizm-k-\n¿`-chpw {]m¿∞-\m-]q¿Æ-hp-amb hmb-\bv°pw h¿≤n® Du∂¬ \¬I-W-sa∂v, kn\Uv \n¿t±-in®p. tZio-btam A¥¿t±-io-btam Bb Znhy-Im-cp-Wy-tIm¨{K-kp-I-fnepw temI-bp-h-P-\-Zn-\-ß-fnepw a‰pktΩ-f-\-ß-fnepw hN-\-ip-{iq-j°pw ss__nƒ˛{]tNm-Zn-Xamb -cq-]o-I-c-W-\n-an-j-ßƒ°pw IqSp-X¬ {]m[m\yw\¬Ip-∂Xv {]iw-k-\o-b-am-bn-cn°pw.262

ssZh-h-N-\hpw ssZh-hn-fn-Ifpw

77. \ΩpsS CS-bnse ssZh-h-N-\-amb {InkvXp-hp-am-bp≈ Ft∏mgpw Bg-s∏-Sp∂ Hcp _‘-Øn-te-°p≈hnizm-k-Øns‚ ss\k¿§n-I-£-W-Øn\v Du∂¬ \evIn-s°m≠v, kn\Uv, Pohn-Xw-Xs∂ ssZh-Øn¬ \n∂p≈Hcp hnfn-bm-sW∂v shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp-Ibpw Cu hN\w \sΩHmtcm-cp-Ø-scbpw hy‡n-]-c-ambn hnfn-°p-∂p-sh∂v ZrV-ambn {]kvXm-hn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp. a‰p hm°p-I-fn¬ ]d-™m¬, I¿Øm-hmb tbip-hp-am-bp≈ \ΩpsS hy‡n-]-c-amb _‘-Øn¬ \mw hf-cp-t¥mdpw, hnip-≤n-bn-te°vAhn-Sp∂p \sΩ hnfn-°p-I-bm-sW∂v \ap°v IqSp-X-embna\- n-emIpw. k`sb ]Sp-Øp-b¿Øm≥ klm-b-I-ambNpa-X-e-Ifpw ip{iq-j-Ifpw Fs‰-Sp-Øp-sIm≠v, \ΩpsSPohn-X-ß-fnse Ahn-SpsØ kvt\l-Øn\v, \n¿Æ-mb-I-Xo-cp-am-\-ß-fnepw sXc-s™-Sp-∏pIfn-eq-sSbpw, \mw {]Xyp-

137

Øcw \¬Ip∂p. Xß-fpsS ⁄m\-kv\m\w sIm≠p-am-{X-a√, hnhn[ Pohn-Xm-¥- p-Ifnte°p≈ Xß-fpsS hnfn-°-\p-kr-X-ambpw ssZh-h-N-\-hp-am-bp≈ Xß-fpsS _‘-Øn¬ hf-cm≥ F√m {InkvXym-\n-I-sfbpw kn\Uv IqsS-°qsS t{]m’m-ln-∏n-®Xv CXp-sIm-≠mWv. c≠mw hØn-°m≥ Iu¨kn-ens‚ ]T-\-Ønse Hcp kp{]-[m-\-Imcyw\mw ChnsS kv]¿in-°p∂p. Xm¥mß-fpsS {]tXy-I-Po-hn-Xm-h-ÿ-°-\p-kr-X-ambn hnizm-kn-k-aq-l-Ønse HmtcmAwKhpw hnip-≤n-bn-te°p hnfn-°-s∏-´n-cn-°p-∂p-sh∂vIu¨kn¬ ZrV-ambn {]kvXm-hn®p.263 hnip-≤n-bn-te-°p-ff \ΩpsS hnfn hnip≤ enJn-X-Øn¬ shfn-s∏-Sp-∂p≠v.""]cn-ip-≤-cm-bn-cn-°p-hn≥, ImcWw, Rm≥ ]cn-ip-≤-\m-Ip∂p'' (tehy. 11:44; 19:2; 20:7). ]n∂oSv AXns‚ {InkvXp-hn-⁄m-\o-b-]-c-amb ASn-ÿm\w hnip≤ ]utemkvNq≠n-°m-Wn-°p∂p. ""Xs‚ apºmsI kvt\l-Øn¬ ]cn-ip-≤cpw \njvI-f-¶-cp-am-bn-cn-°m≥ temI-ÿm-]-\-Øn\papºp-Xs∂ ]nXmhv \sΩ {InkvXp-hn¬ Xnc-s™-SpØp''(Ft^. 1:4). tdma≥ kaq-l-Ønse Xs‚ ktlm-Z-co-k-tlm-Z-c-∑m¿°p≈ ]utem-kns‚ A`n-h-μ\w \sΩ Hmtcm-cp-Ø-scbpwIqSn A`n-kw-t_m-[\ sNøp-∂-Xm-sW∂vIW-°m°mw: ""ssZh-Øns‚ kvt\l-`m-P-\-ßfpw hnip-≤-cm-Im≥ hnfn-°-s∏-́ -h-cp-ambn tdmam-bn-ep≈ \nßƒ-s°-√m-h¿°pw \ΩpsS ]nXm-hmb ssZh-Øn¬\n∂pw I¿Øm-hmb tbip-{In-kvXp-hn¬\n∂pw Ir]bpw kam-[m-\hpw.''(tdmam. 1:7).

a) A`n-jn-‡-cmb ip{iq-j-Icpw ssZh-h-N-\hpw78. kn\-Uns‚ Cu {]kvXm-h\ Ahsc Hm¿Ωn-∏n-

°p∂-Xn-\p-th≠n, k`-bpsS A`n-jn-‡-cmb ip{iq-j-I-tcmSv BZyw kwkm-cn-°m≥ Rm≥ B{K-ln-°p∂p: ""Hcp\√ CS-b-s‚bpw hN-\-ip-{iq-j-I-s‚bpw lrZ-b-cq-]o-I-c-W-Øn\v ssZh-h-N\w A\p-t]-£-Wo-b-amWv.''264 hnip-

hN\w k`-bn¬


≤o-I-c-W-tØm-Sp≈ \n¿Æm-b-Ihpw \ho-Ir-X-hp-amb Hcp{]Xn-_-≤X IqSmsX Xß-fpsS ssZh-hn-fn°pw ZuXy-Øn\pw A\p-kr-X-ambn Pohn-°m-sa∂v Nn¥n-°m≥ sa{Xm-∑m¿°pw sshZn-I¿°pw Uo°-∑m¿°pw km[n°p-I-bn√.hnip-≤o-I-c-W-Øns‚ Hcp kvXw`w ssZh-h-N-\-hp-am-bp≈kº¿°-amWv.

79. sa{Xm≥ ]Z-hn-bn-te°p hnfn-°-s∏-´-h-cmWv hN-\-Øns‚ G‰-hpw B[n-Im-cn-I-X-bp≈ BZysØ ktμ-i-hm-l-I¿. tPm¨ t]mƒ c≠m-a≥ am¿]m-∏-bpsS kn\-U-\¥c A∏-kvtXm-enI DZvt_m-[-\-Ønse (PastoresGregis˛AP-K-W-ß-fpsS CS-b≥) hm°p-Iƒ Ah-tcmSvRm≥ Bh¿Øn-°p-I-bmWv. sa{Xm≥ Xs‚ B≤ym-fln-I-Po-hn-X-Øns‚ t]mj-W-Øn\pw ]ptcm-K-Xn°pw ""ssZh-h-N-\-Øns‚ hmb-\bpw [ym\hpw Ft∏mgpw {]Y-a-ÿm-\Øp {]Xn-jvTn-°Ww. Hmtcm sa{Xm\pw "D¬°¿jw-h-cp-Øp-∂-Xn\pw kI-e-hn-ip-≤-cp-sS-bp-an-S-bn¬ Ah-Imiwt\SnØcp-∂-Xn\pw Ign-bp∂ I¿Øm-hn\pw Ahn-SpsØIr]-bpsS hN-\-Øn\pw' (A∏. 20:32) kzbw-`-c-ta-ev]n-°p-Ibpw Aßs\ `c-ta-ev]n-°-s∏-´-Xmbn A\p-`-h-s∏-SpIbpw thWw. hN-\w- ssI-Imcyw sNøp∂ Hcm-fm-bn-Øo-cp-∂-Xn-\p-ap≥]v, sa{Xm≥, Xs‚ sshZn-I-tcmSptN¿∂vXo¿®-bmbpw hnizm-kn-k-aq-l-Ønse Hm-tcm AwK-sØ-t∏m-sebpw k`-sb-Ø-s∂-t]m-sebpw hN-\-Øns‚ Hcpt{imXm-hm-IWw. At±lw hN-\-Øns‚ "D≈n¬' hkn-°p-Ibpw Hc-Ω-bpsS DZ-c-Ønse-∂-t]mse, AXn-\m¬ ]cn-c-£n-°-s∏-Sp-Ibpw t]mjn-∏n-°-s∏-Sp-Ibpw sNøm≥ kz-bw A\p-h-Zn-°p-Ibpw thWw.''265 hN-\-{i-h-W-Øns‚I\yIbpw (Virgo Audiens) At∏m-kvX-e-∑m-cpsS cmRvPn-bp-amb adn-bsØ A\p-I-cn®v, hnip-≤-en-JnXw IqsS-°qsShy‡n-]-c-ambn hmbn-°p-Ibpw ]Tn-°p-Ibpw sNø-W-sa∂vFs‚ F√m ktlm-Z-c-sa-{Xm-∑m-tcmSpw Rm≥ \n¿t±-in-°p∂p.

139

80. sshZn-I-scbpw tPm¨ t]mƒ c≠m-a≥ am¿]m-∏-bpsS hm°p-Iƒ Rm≥ A\p-kva-cn-∏n°p-I-bmWv. Xs‚kn\-U\¥c A∏-kvtXm-enI DZvt_m-[-\-Øn¬ PastoresDabo Vobis (Rm≥ \nßƒ°v CS-b-∑msc Xcpw) At±lwCßs\ {]kvXm-hn®p. ""sshZn-I≥ G-‰hpw BZy-ambnssZh-h-N-\-Øns‚ ]cn-I¿Ωn-bm-Wv. hnizm-k-Øns‚A\p-k-c-W-Øn-te°v Hmtcm hy‡n-tbbpw £Wn-°p-Ibpw {InkvXp-hn¬ shfn-s∏-Sp-Ibpw Adn-bn-°-s∏-Sp-IbpwsNbvX ssZhn-I-c-l-ky-Øns‚ Ft∏mgpw h¿≤n-°p∂⁄m\-Øn-te°pw Iq´m-bva-bn-te°pw hnizm-kn-Isf \bn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp-sIm-≠v F√m-h-tcmSpw cmPy-Øns‚kZvhm¿Ø {]tLm-jn-°m≥ A`n-tjIw sNbvXv Ab-°-s∏´, ssZh-h-N-\-Øn-s‚ ip{iq-j-I≥. C°m-c-W-Øm¬, sshZn-I≥ Xs∂ G‰hpw BZyw ssZh-h-N-\-hp-ambn hy‡n-]-c-amb Hcp henb ]cn-Nbw hnI-kn-∏n-°Ww. AXns‚ `mjm-]-chpw hymJym-\-]-c-hp-amb hi-ß-sf-°p-dn-®p≈ Adnhv Xo¿®-bmbpw Bh-iy-am-sW-¶nepw AXp-sIm≠p am{X-am-bn√. hN\w Xs‚ Nn¥-I-fnepw hnIm-c-ß-fnepw Bg-Øn¬ Xpf-™n-d-ßp-IbpwX∂n¬ Hcp ]pXnb ho£Ww — "{InkvXp-hns‚ a\ v'(1 tImdn. 2:16) — Df-hm-°p-Ibpw sNø-Ø-°-hÆw hnt[-b-Xz-ap≈, {]m¿∞-\m-]q¿Æ-amb lrZ-b-tØm-Sp-IqSn HcpsshZn-I≥ hN-\sØ kao-]n-t°-≠-Xm-h-iy-amWv.266

XXv̂ -e-ambn At±-l-Øns‚ hm°p-Ifpw Xocp-am-\-ßfpws]cp-am-‰hpw h¿≤-am-\-amb tXmXn¬ kphn-ti-j-Øns‚Hcp hnNn-¥-\hpw {]tLm-j-Whpw km£y-hp-am-bn-Øo-cp∂p: ""hN-\-Øn¬ "hkn-s®-¶n¬' am{Xta sshZn-I≥I¿Øm-hns‚ Hcp ]q¿Æ-in-jy-\m-bn-Øo-cp-I-bp≈q.At∏mƒ am{Xta At±lw kXyw Adn-bp-Ibpw bYm¿∞-Øn¬ kzX-{¥-\m-Ip-Ibpw sNøp-I-bp-ffq.''267

H‰-hm-°n¬ ]d-™m¬, Hcmƒ ""kXy-Øn¬'' A`n-jn-‡-\m-Im≥ ]utcm-ln-Xy-ssZ-h-hnfn Bh-iy-s∏-Sp∂p.

hN\w k`-bn¬


Ahn-SpsØ injy-∑msc kw_-‘n®v tbip CXp hy‡-ambn {]kvXm-hn-°p-∂p≠v: ""Ahsc Aßv kXy-Øm¬hnip-≤o-I-cn-°-Wta! Ahn-SpsØ hN-\-amWp kXyw.Aßv Fs∂ temI-Øn-te-°-b-®-Xp-t]mse Rm\pwAhsc temI-Øn-te-°-b-®n-cn-°p∂p'' (tbml. 17:17˛18).Hc¿∞-Øn¬ injy-∑m¿ ""ssZh-h-N-\-Øn¬ \na-·-cmbnssZh-hp-am-bp≈ KmV-_-‘-Øn-te°v hen-®-Sp-∏n-°-s∏-Sp∂p. hnip-≤o-I-cn-°p∂ kv\m\-amWv, Ahsc ]cn-h¿-Ø\w sNøp-Ibpw ssZh-Øns‚ kz¥-am-°p-Ibpw sN-øp∂ k¿§-i-‡n-bmWv, ssZh-h-N-\-sa∂p ]dbmw.''268

{InkvXp-Xs∂ ""amwk-am-bn-Øo¿∂ ssZh-h-N\w''(tbml. 1:14)—""kXyw'' (tbml. 14:6)—Bb-Xp-sIm≠v,""Ahsc Aßv kXy-Øm¬ hnip-≤o-I-cn-°-Wta!'' F∂]nXm-hn-t\m-Sp≈ tbip-hns‚ {]m¿∞-\bv°v G‰hpwAKm-[-amb A¿∞-am-Wp-≈Xv: ""{InkvXphmb, Ft∂mSvAhsc H∂m-°-Wta! Ahsc Ft∂mSp _‘n-∏n-°-Wta.Ahsc F∂n-te°v hen-®-Sp-∏n-°-Wta! ImcWw, ]pXnbDS-º-Sn-bn¬ tbip-{In-kvXp-X-s∂-bmb Htc Hcp ]ptcm-ln-X-t\-bp≈p.''269 sshZn-I¿ Cu bmYm¿∞y-sØ-°p-dn-®p≈ \nc-¥-c-amb Ah-t_m-[-Øn¬ hf-tc-≠-Xm-h-iy-amWv.

81. ]utcm-ln-Xy-]-Z-hn-bn-te-°p≈ Ah-km-\-Np-hSvF∂ \ne-bn¬ am{X-a√, Hcp ÿncw ip{iqj F∂ \ne-bnepw, Uo°≥ ]Z-hn-bn-te°p hnfn-°-s∏-Sp-∂-h-cpsSPohn-X-Øn¬ ssZh-h-N-\-Øns‚ ÿm\-sØ-∏‰n kwkm-cn-°m\pw Rm≥ B{K-ln-°p∂p. "ÿncw Uo°≥ ]Z-hntb°p-dn®p≈ Ub-d-IvSdn'bn¬ Cßs\ {]kvXm-hn-°p∂p: ""Uo°s‚ ssZh-im-kv{X-]-c-amb X\na At±-l-Øns‚ {]tXy-I-amb B≤ym-fln-I-X-bpsS khn-ti-j-X-Iƒ hy‡-ambn \n¿Æ-bn-°p∂p. AXv AXym-h-iy-ambpwip{iq-j-bpsS Hcp B≤ym-fln-I-X-bm-bn-´mWv Ah-X-cn-∏n-

141

°-s∏-SpI. a\p-jy-h¿§-Øns‚ \∑-°p-th≠n ]q¿Æ-ambpw ssZh-ip-{iq-j-°m-bn´p Pohn® Zmk-\mb {InkvXp-hmWv C°m-cy-Øn¬ hnin-jvS-am-XrI.''270 Cu ]cn-t{]-jy-Øn¬\n∂p t\m°p-tºmƒ, Uo°s‚ ip{iq-j-bpsS

hnhn-[-am-\-ß-fn¬ F{]-Im-c-amWv ssZh-h-N\w At±-

lØns‚ Bflo-b-X-bpsS khn-ti-j-L-S-I-am-Ip-∂-

sX∂pw Xm≥ {]kw-Kn-°p-∂Xp hniz-kn-°p-Ibpw hniz-

kn-°p-∂Xp ]Tn-∏n-°p-Ibpw ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂-X-\p-k-cn®v Pohn-

°p-Ibpw sNøp∂, hN-\-Øns‚ B[n-Im-cnI {]kw-KI-

\m-Im≥ Uo°≥ hnfn-°-s∏-Sp-∂-sX∂pw''271 ImWm≥

Ignbpw. AXp-sIm≠v, ]T-\-tØmSpw {]m¿∞-\-tbm-Sp-

sam∏w hnip-≤-en-Jn-X-Øns‚ hnizm-k-\n¿`-c-am-b -hm-b-

\bpw hgn Xß-fpsS Pohn-X-ßƒ kw]p-jvS-am-°m≥ Uo-

°≥am-tcmSp Rm≥ \n¿t±-in-°p∂p. ""hnip-≤-en-Jn-Xhpw

AXns‚ icn-bmb hymJym-\hpw, hnip-≤-en-Jn-Xhpw ]mc-

º-cyhpw XΩn-ep≈ _‘w, {]tXy-In®v {]kw-K-Ønepw

aX-t_m-[-\-Ønepw AP-]m-e-\-{]-h¿Ø-\-Øn¬ s]mXp-

hmbpw hnip-≤-en-Jn-X-Øns‚ D]-tbmKw''272 F∂nh

Ah¿°p ]cn-N-b-s∏-Sp-ØWw.

b) ssZh-h-N-\hpw Xncp-∏´w kzoI-cn-°m≥ Hcp-ßp-∂-

hcpw

82. ip{iq-jm-]u-tcm-lnXyw kzoI-cn-°m≥ Hcp-ßp∂

A¿∞nI-fpsS B≤ym-fln-I-Po-hn-X-Øn¬ ssZh-h-N\w

hln-t°≠ \n¿Æm-b-I-]-¶ns\ kw_-‘n®v kn\-Uv

khn-ti-j-{]m-[m\yw Iev]n-°p-I-bp-≠mbn. ""]utcm-

lnXym¿∞n-Iƒ ssZh-h-N-\sØ kvt\ln-°m≥ ]Tn-

°Ww. Ah-cpsS ssZh-im-kv{X-]-c-amb cq]o-I-c-W-Øns‚

Bflmhv ssZh-h-N-\-am-bn-cn-°Ww. ss__nƒ hym-Jym-

\w, ssZh-imkv{Xw, B≤ym-fln-IX, t{]jn-X-{]-h¿Ø\w

F∂n-h-bpsS A\p-t]-£-Wo-b-amb ]mc-kv]-cy-Øn\v

hN\w k`-bn¬


Du∂¬ \¬tI-≠-XmWv.''273 ]utcm-lnXym¿∞n-Iƒ

ssZh-h-N-\-hp-ambn {]tXy-In®v "⁄m\-hm-b\'bneqsS

Bg-Øn-ep≈ hy‡n-]-c-amb Hcp _‘-Øn\v, hnfn-°-

s∏-́ n-cn-°p∂p. Cu _‘w Ah-cpsS ssZh-hn-fnsb t]mjn-

∏n°pw. ssZh-h-N-\-Øns‚ shfn-®-Ønepw i‡n-bnep-

amWv, Hcmƒ°v Xs‚ {]tXyI ssZh-hnfn hnth-Nn-°m\pw

hne-a-Xn-°m\pw kvt\ln-°m\pw ]n≥Xp-S-cm\pw ssZhn-

I-Nn-¥-IƒsIm≠v lrZbw t]mjn-∏n®v kz¥w ZuXyw

\n¿h-ln-°m\pw Ign-bpI. Aßs\ hN-\-tØm-Sp≈

\ΩpsS {]Xyp-Øcw F∂ \ne-bn¬, hnizmkw, hy‡n-

I-sfbpw hkvXp-X-Isfbpw kw`-h-ß-sfbpw {]iv\-ß-

sfbpw hn[n-°m\pw hne-bn-cp-Øm-\p-ap≈ Hcp ]pXnb am\-

Z-WvU-am-bn-Øocpw.274

{]m¿∞-\m-]q¿Æ-amb hnip-≤-en-Jn-X-]m-cm-b-W-tØmSvC{]-Im-cap≈ {i≤, Hcp Xc-Ønepw cq]o-I-c-W-Øns‚Hcp ̀ mK-amb ss__nƒ hymJym-\-]-T-\-ß-fn¬ \n∂p≈Hcp th¿]m-Sn-te°p \bn-°m≥ ]mSn√. "ss__nƒ ]T-\-ßfpw hnip≤ enJn-Xm-[n-jvTn-X-{]m¿∞-\bpw XΩn-ep≈ _‘w' a\- n-em-°m≥ sshZn-I-hn-Zym¿∞n-Isfkaq¿Ø-amb coXn-bn¬ klm-bn-°-W-sa∂v kn\Uvip]m¿i sNbvXp. hnip-≤-en-Jn-X-Øns‚ ]T\w ssZhn-I-sh-fn-]m-Sns‚ cl-ky-sØ-°p-dn-®p≈ h¿≤n® Hcp Ah-t_m-[-Øn-te°p \bn-°p-Ibpw; kwkm-cn-°p∂ I¿Øm-hn-t\mSv {]m¿∞-\m-\n¿`-c-amb {]Xyp-Ø-c-Øns‚ Hcpat\m-̀ mhw hf¿Øp-Ibpw thWw. Xncn-®p-]-d-™m¬, A\-¥-kvt\-l-ambn Xs‚ hN-\-Øn¬ Xs∂-Øs∂ shfn-s∏-Sp-Ønb ssZh-sØ-°p-dn®v IqSp-X¬ Adn-bphm-\p≈Hcm-{Klw A¿∞n-bpsS lrZ-b-Øn¬ hf¿Øm-Xn-cn-°m≥Hcp bYm¿∞-{]m¿∞-\m-Po-hn-X-Øn\p Ign-bp-I-bn√.AXp-sIm≠v "]T-\hpw {]m¿∞-\bpw XΩn-ep≈ Cu ]mc-kv]cyw' sshZn-Ihn-Zym¿-∞n-Iƒ Ft∏mgpw Xß-fpsS

143

Pohn-X-ß-fn¬ hf¿-Øp∂p F∂p-d-∏p-h-cp-Øm≥ henb{i≤ sNep-tØ-≠-Xp≠v. ka-{K-amb Cu k-ao-]-\-Øn\vklm-b-I-amb am¿§-ß-fn-eqsS hn-ip-≤-en-Jn-X-]-T-\-Øn-te°v hnZym¿∞n-Isf {]th-in-∏n-°p-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ Cu

e£yw ssIh-cn-°m≥ Ignbpw.

c) ssZh-h-N-\hpw ka¿∏n-X-Po-hn-Xhpw

83. ka¿∏n-X-Po-hnXw, ""ssZh-h-N\w {ihn-°p-Ibpw

kphn-ti-jsØ AXns‚ Pohn-X-\n-b-a-ambn Bt«-jn-°p-

Ibpw sNøp-∂-Xn¬ \n∂mWv Dd-sh-Sp-°p-∂-sX∂v275 kn-

\Uv A\p-kva-cn®p. Aßs\ {InkvXp-hns‚ {_“-N-cy-

Ønepw Zmcn-{Zy-Ønepw A\p-k-c-W-Ønepw Ahn-SpsØ

A\p-K-an-°m≥ ka¿∏n-°p∂ Hcp PohnXw ""ssZh-h-N-\-

Øns‚ Hcp kPoh "hymJym\w'' 276 Bbn-Øo-cp∂p. ]cn-

ip-≤m-cq-]n-bmemWv ss__nƒ Fgp-X-s∏-́ Xv. AtX Acq-

]n-Xs∂ ""k\ym-k-k-aq-l-ß-fpsS ÿm]-I¿°p≈ ]pXn-

b shfn-®-tØm-Sp-IqSn ssZh-h-N\w Zo]vX-am-°p∂p. F√m

Bflo-b-kn-≤nbpw F√m \nb-ahpw AXn¬\n∂p ]pd-s∏-

Sp-Ibpw AXns‚ Hcm-hn-jvIm-c-am-Im≥ {ian-°p-Ibpw sN-

øp-∂p.''277 kphn-ti-j-Øns‚ auen-IX AS-bm-f-am-bp≈

ss{IkvX-h-Po-hn-X-Øns‚ ]pXnb hgn-Øm-c-Iƒ Aßs\

Xpd-°-s∏-Sp∂p.

al-Ømb k\ym-k-]m-c-ºcyw hnip-≤-en-Jn-X-sØ-°p-

dn-®p≈ [ym\sØ, {]tXy-In®v "⁄m\-hm-b\'bpsS cq]-

Øn-¬, AXns‚ khn-tij B≤ym-fln-I-X-bpsS Hcp

Ahiy-`m-K-ambn Ft∏mgpw ]cn-K-Wn-®n-´p-s≠∂v C-hnsS

A\p-kva-cn-°m≥ Rm≥ B{K-ln-°p∂p. C∂pw {]tXy-

I-k-a¿∏-W-Øns‚ ]g-bXpw ]pXn-b-Xp-amb Bhn-jvIm-

c-ßƒ B≤ym-fln-I-Po-hn-X-Øns‚ bYm¿∞-]m-T-im-e-I-

fm-Im≥ hnfn-°-s∏-Sp∂p. AhnsS apgp-h≥ ssZh-P-\-Øn-

s‚bpw {]tbm-P-\-Øn-\p-th≠n ]cn-ip-≤m-cq-]n-°-\p-kr-

hN\w k`-bn¬


X-ambn hnip-≤-en-Jn-X-ßƒ hmbn-°m≥ Ignbpw. AXp-

sIm≠v, ss__n-fns‚ hnizm-k-\n¿`-c-amb hmb-\-bn¬

Dd® t_m[y-Øn-\p≈ {Iao-I-cWw ka¿∏n-X-Po-hn-X-kaq-

l-ßƒ Ft∏mgpw sNtø-≠-Xm-sW∂v kn\Uv \n¿t±-

in®p.278

[ym\m-fl-I-Po-hnXw (contemplative life) \bn-°p∂ kaq-l-ßsf kw_-‘n®v kn\Uv {]I-Sn-∏n® ]cn-K-W-\bpwIrX-⁄-Xbpw Hcn-°¬ IqSn Bh¿Øn-°m≥ Rm≥B{K-ln-°p-I-bmWv. Ah-cpsS {]tXyI Bflo-b-kn≤n,Xß-fpsS Znh-k-Øns‚ \s√m-cp-̀ mKw Xs‚ ]p{Xs‚ hN-\-ß-sfbpw {]hr-Øn-I-sf-bpw-Ip-dn®v KmV-ambn [ym\n®ssZh-am-Xm-hn-s\bpw (cf. eq°m 2:19, 51) I¿Øm-hns‚]mZ-Øn-¶¬ Ccp∂v Ahn-SpsØ hm°p-Iƒ {i≤m-]q¿Δw{ihn® _Ym-\n-bm-bnse adn-b-sØbpw (cf. eq°m 10:38)A\p-I-cn-°m≥ sNe-h-gn-°pI F∂-XmWv. Bhr-Xo-_-≤-amb PohnXw \bn-°p∂ k\ym-kn-\o-k-\ym-knamscRm≥ {]tXy-I-ambn Hm¿°p∂p. temI-Øn¬\n∂v Ah¿th¿s]-´n-cn-°p-∂Xp ImcWw temI-Øns‚ lrZ-b-amb{InkvXp-hp-ambn Ah¿ G‰hpw IqSp-X¬ KmV-ambnsFIy-s∏-´n-cn-°p∂p. ""{InkvXp-hns‚ kvt\l-tØ-°mƒas‰m-∂n\pw ap≥K-W\ \¬Im-Xn-cn-°m≥''279 Xocp-am-\n®kv{Xo]p-cp-j-∑m-cpsS km£yw ap≥-s]-∂-tØ-bpw-Imƒ Iq-Sp-X¬ k`°v Bh-iy-ap≠v. temIw C∂p ]e-t∏mgpwA-Xy-[n-I-ambn _mly-{]-h¿Ø-\-ß-fn¬ IpSp-ßn-t∏m-hp-Ibpw AXns‚ kZv̀ m-h-ßƒ \jvS-s∏-Sp∂ A]-I-S-Øn¬-s]-Sp-Ibpw sNøp∂p. [ym\m-fl-I-PohnXw \bn-°p∂kv{Xo]p-cp-j-∑m¿ Xß-fpsS {]m¿∞-\m-Po-hn-Xhpw, ssZh-h-N-\-Øns‚ {i≤m-]q¿Δ-I-amb {ih-Whpw [ym-\-hpwhgn,a\p-jy≥ A∏w-sIm≠p am{X-a√ ssZh-Øns‚ \mhn¬\n-∂p-]p-d-s∏-Sp∂ Hmtcm hm°p-sIm-≠p-amWp Pohn-°p-∂-Xv (cf. aØm. 4:4) F∂v \sΩ A\p-kva-cn-∏n-°p∂p. Cu

145

Pohn-X-coXn ""G‰hpw {][m-\-am-bXv; Ahiyw-th≠ HtcHcp Imcyw; F¥m-sW∂v C-∂sØ temIØn\v ImWn-®psImSp°p∂p. Pohn-XsØ Pohn-X-tbm-Ky-am-°p∂BXy-¥n-I-amb Hcp Imc-W-ap≠v. AXp ssZhhpw Ahn-SpsØ Bg-amb kvt\l-hp-amWv.''280

d) ssZh-h-N-\hpw Aevamb hnizm-kn-Ifpw

84. kn\Uv IqsS-°qsS Aevam-b-sc-°p-dn®p kwkm-

cn-°p-Ibpw ssZ\w-Zn-\-Po-hn-X-Øns‚ hnhn-[-a-WvU-e-ß-

fn¬, tPmen-bnepw hnZym-e-b-ß-fnepw IpSpw-_-Ønepw

hnZym-̀ ym-k-Ønepw, kphn-tijw {]N-cn-∏n-°p∂ Ah-cpsS

DZm-c-amb {]h¿Ø\Øn\v Ah-tcmSv \μn-]-d-bp-Ibpw sN-

bvXp.281 ⁄m\-kv\m-\-Øn¬ A[n-jvTn-X-amb Cu DØ-

c-hm-ZnØw, \Ωn-ep≈ ""{]Xym-i-sb-∏‰n hni-Zo-I-cWw''

Bh-iy-s∏-Sp∂ Gh-tcmSpw adp-]Sn ]d-bm≥ (cf. 1 ]t{Xm.

3:15) Ign-bp∂, Ft∏mgpw IqSp-X¬ t_m[-]q¿Δ-I-amb

Hcp ss{IkvX-h-Po-hn-X-am¿§-Øn-eqsS hnI-kn-∏n-t°≠

Bh-iy-ap≠v. aØm-bn-bpsS kphn-ti-j-Øn¬, ""hb¬

tem-Ihpw, \√-hnØv cmPy-Øns‚ ]p{X-∑mcpw'' (13:38) B-

sW∂v tbip Nq≠n-°m-Wn-°p∂p. Cu hm°p-Iƒ ss{I-

kvXh Aevam-b¿°v {]tXy-I-ambn _m[-I-amWv. ]cn-ip-

≤m-flm-hn-ep≈ Hcp Pohn-X-Øn-eqsS hnip-≤n-bn-te-°p≈

Xß-fpsS ssZh-hn-fn-°-\p-kr-X-ambn Ah¿ Pohn-°p∂p.

""euIn-I-Im-cy-ß-fn¬ G¿s∏´pw ̀ uan-I-{]-h¿Ø-\-ß-fn¬

]s¶-SpØpw Hcp {]tXyI coXn-bn-emWv Ah¿''282 CXp

{]I-Sn-∏n-°p-∂Xv. k`-bpsS \nb-am-\p-kr-X -A-P-]m-e-I-

cpsS am¿§-\n¿t±-i-Øn≥Io-gn¬ k -̀bn¬ hmbn-°p-Ibpw

]Tn-°p-Ibpw sNøp∂ ssZh-h-N-\-hp-am-bp-ff Hcp ]cn-N-

b-Øn-eqsS ssZh-lnXw hnth-Nn-®-dn-bm≥ Aevam-bsc ]cn-

io-en-∏n-t°-≠-XmWv. k`-bpsS al-Ømb B≤ym-fln-I-

X-I-fpsS ]mT-im-ebn¬ Ah¿°v Cu ]cn-io-e\w t\Sm≥

hN\w k`-bn¬


Ignbpw. Cu B≤ym-fln-I-X-I-sf√mw hnip-≤-en-Jn-X-Øn¬

A[n-jvTn-X-amWv. k`m-]-c-amb {]tXyI DØ-c-hm-Zn-Ø-

ßƒ Gev]n-°-s∏-´n-´p≈ Aevamb hy‡n-I-fpsS cq]o-

I-cWw XpS-cm-\p≈ A-h-kcw, Ign-bp∂ CS-ß-fn-sems°,

cq]-X-IƒXs∂ G¿s∏-Sp-tØ-≠-XmWv.283

e) ssZh-h-N-\hpw hnhm-lhpw IpSpw-_hpw

85. ssZh-h-N-\hpw hnhm-lhpw ss{IkvX-h-Ip-Spw-

_hpw XΩn-ep≈ _‘-Øn\v Du∂¬\¬tI≠ Bh-

iy-I-Xbpw kn\-Un\v A\p-`-h-s∏-Sp-I-bp-≠mbn. Xo¿®-

bmbpw ""ss{IkvX-h-Ip-Spw-_-ß-fpsS X\n-abpw AXv F-

¥m-sW∂pw I¿Øm-hns‚ ]≤-Xn-b-\p-k-cn®v AXv F¥m-

bn-cn-°-W-sa∂pw, ssZh-h-N-\-Øns‚ {]tLm-j-W-Øn-

eqsS, {]kvXpX IpSpw-_-ßƒ°v k` shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp-

∂p.''284 XXv̂ -e-ambn, ssZh-h-N-\-w hnhm-l-Øns‚ Dev]-

Øn-bn¬ Xs∂-bp-≈-XmsW∂pw (cf. D¬]. 2:4) Bcw-`-

Øn¬Xs∂ a\p-jy-kz-`m-h-Øn¬ Dt√-J\w sNø-s∏-´-

Xns\ Hcp IqZm-i-bpsS al-Øz-Øn-te°v Db¿Øn-s°m-

≠v tbip-Xs∂ hnhm-lsØ Ahn-SpsØ cmPy-Øns‚

Hcp ÿm]-\-am-°n-sb∂pw (cf. aØm. 19:4˛8) Hcn-°epw

hnkva-cn-®p-IqSm. Cu IqZm-i-bpsS ]cn-I¿Ω-Øn¬

At\ym-\y-ap≈ kzbw˛Zm\-Øns‚, "Hcp icoc'ambn-Øo-

cp-∂-Xns‚, k`-bp-am-bp≈ {InkvXp-hns‚ sFIyw F∂

cl-ky-Ønse Hc-S-bm-f-Øns‚ (cf. Ft^. 5:31˛32) {]h-

N-\m-fl-Iamb {]I-S-\-amWv Hcp kv{Xobpw Hcp ]pcp-j\pw

\SØp-∂Xv.''285 Cu kwhn-[m\w Ct∏mƒ ka-Im-en-I-a-

t\m-̀ m-h-Øn¬\n∂v ]e-X-c-Øn¬ B{I-a-W-hn-t[-b-am-Ip-

∂p-sh∂v Nq≠n-°m-Wn-°p-∂-Xn-te°v ssZh-h-N-\-tØm-

Sp≈ hniz-kvXX \sΩ \bn-°p∂p. sshIm-cn-I-a-WvU-

e-Ønse hym]-I-amb Nn¥m-°p-g-∏-Øn-s‚bpw a\p-jy-

i-co-c-sØbpw ssew-Kn-I-th¿Xn-cn-hn-s\bpw \n m-c-h-XvI-

147

cn-°p∂ Nn¥m-k-c-Wn-I-fpsS h¿≤-\-hn-s‚bpw ]›m-Ø-

e-Øn¬; ]pcp-j\pw kv{Xobp-ambn krjvSn-°-s∏-Sp-Ibpw

hniz-kvXhpw ]c-kv]-c-ap-≈Xpw ê-{]-Z-h-amb Hcp

kvt\l-Øn-te°p hnfn-°-s∏-Sp-Ibpw sNbvX a\p-jy-s‚

BZn-a-\∑ ssZh-h-N\w Bh¿Øn-®p-d-∏n-°p∂p.amXm-]n-Xm-°-∑m¿°v XßfpsS Ipń-I-tfm-Sp≈ AXy-

¥m-t]-£n-X-amb DØ-c-hm-Zn-Ø-Øns‚ Dd-hnSw hnhm-l-Øns‚ alm-c-l-ky-amWv. {InkvXp-hn-ep≈ Pohn-X-Øns‚A¿∞w ssIam-dp-Ibpw AXn\p km£yw hln-°p-IbpwsNøpI F∂Xv bYm¿∞-]n-Xr-Xz-Øn-s‚bpw amXr-Xz-Øn-s‚bpw `mK-am-Ip∂p. Ah-cpsS hniz-kvX-X-bnepw IpSpw-_-Po-hn-X-Øns‚ sFIy-Øn-epw-IqSn Zº-Xn-I-fmWv BZywAh-cpsS Ipń-I-tfmSv ssZh-h-N\w {]tLm-jn-t°-≠Xv.IpSpw-_-{]m¿∞\, ssZh-h-N-\-Øns‚ {i≤m-]q¿Δ-I-amb{ihWw, ss__n-fn-s\-°p-dn-®p≈ ⁄m\w F∂nhhf¿Øm≥ Ahsc k`m-k-aqlw ]n≥Xp-W-bv°p-Ibpwklm-bn-°p-Ibpw sNøWw. Cu e£y-Øn-\p-th≠n,Hmtcm hońepw ss__nƒ D≠m-bn-cn-°-W-sa∂pw tbmKy-amb Hcp ÿeØp {]XnjvTn®v hmbn-°m\pw {]m¿∞n-°m\pw AXp-]-tbm-Kn-°-W-sa∂pw kn\Uv Blzm\wsNbvXp. C°m-cy-Øn¬ Bh-iy-amb GXp klm-bhpw\¬Im≥ sshZn-I¿°pw Uo°-∑m¿°pw kpk-÷-ambHcp Aevambkaq-l-Øn\pw km[n°pw. s]mXp-hmb{]m¿∞-\bpw hnip-≤-en-Jn-X-`m-K-ß-sf-°p-dn -®p≈[ym\hpw hf¿Øm≥th≠n IpSpw-_-ß-fpsS sNdnb Iq´m-bva-Iƒ cq]o-I-cn-°m\pw kn\Uv \n¿t±-in®p.286 ""hnhm-l-Ønepw IpSpw-_-Po-hn-X-Ønepw D≠m-Ip∂ sshj-ay-ß-fpsS a≤y-Øn¬ ssZh-h-N\w Aaq-ey-amb Hcp XpW-bm-sW∂pw''287 Zº-Xn-Iƒ Hm¿t°-≠-XmWv.

ssZh-h-N-\-tØmSp _‘s∏´v kv{XoI-fpsS ]¶n-s\-°p-dn-®p≈ kn\-Uns‚ ip]m¿i-Iƒ ChnsS FSp-Øp-]-

hN\w k`-bn¬


dbm≥ Rm≥ B{K-ln-°p∂p. Ign™ Ime-tØ-°mƒIqSp-X-embn C∂v, tPm¨ t]mƒ c≠m-a≥ am¿]m-∏-bpsS

hm°p-]-tbm-Kn-®p-]-d-bs´, ""kvss{XW-{]-Xn`,''288 hnip-≤-

en-JnXw a\- n-em-°p-∂-Xn\pw k`-bpsS apgp-h≥ Pohn-

X-Øn\pw henb kw`m-h\ \¬In-bn-́ p≠v. Ct∏mƒ ss_-

_nƒ ]T\w kw_-‘n®pw CXv bmYm¿∞y-amWv. IpSpw-

_-Ønepw hnZym-`ym-k-Ønepw aX-t_m-[-\-Ønepw aqey-

ßƒ {]N-cn-∏n-°p-∂-Xn\pw kv{XoIƒ hln-°p∂ A\p-

t]-£-Wo-b-amb ]¶n-te°v kn\Uv {]tXyI {i≤-sN-

ep-Øp-I-bp-≠mbn. ""ssZh-h-N\w {ihn-°p-∂-Xn\pw ssZh-

hp-am-bp≈ hy‡n-]-c-amb Hcp _‘w Bkz-Zn-°p-∂-Xn-

\pw £a-bp-sSbpw kphn-ti-j-]-c-amb ]¶p-h-bv°en-

s‚bpw A¿∞w Im´ns°mSp-°p-∂-Xn\pw Bfp-Isf \bn-

°m-\p≈ Hcp {]tXyI Ignhv Ah¿°p≠v.''289 AXp-t]m-

se-Xs∂ Ah¿ kvt\l-Øns‚ ktμ-i-hm-l-Icpw Imcp-

Wy-Øns‚ amXr-I-Ifpw kam-[m-\{k-jvSm-°-fp-amWv.

Nqj-W-Øn-s‚bpw em`-Øn-s‚bpw {Iqc-amb am\-Z-WvU-

ßƒ°-\p-kr-X-ambn ]e-t∏mgpw Bfp-Isf hn[n-°p∂

Hcp temI-Øn¬ Ah¿ Dujva-f-Xbpw a\p-jy-Xzhpw ]I-

cp∂p.

hnip-≤-en-Jn-X-Øns‚ {]m¿∞-\m-]q¿Æ-amb]mcm-b-Whpw "⁄m\-hm-b\'bpw

86. hnhn-[-ip-{iq-j-I-fnepw Pohn-Xm-h-ÿ-I-fnepw D≈

F√m hnizm-kn-I-fp-sSbpw B≤ym-fln-I-Po-hn-X-Ønse Hcp

auen-I-L-SIw F∂ \ne-bn¬ hnip-≤-{K-Ÿ-tØmSv {]m¿-

∞-\m-]q¿Æ-amb Hcp kao-]\w D≠m-bn-cn -t°-≠-

XmsW∂v, "⁄m\-hm-b\"sb°p-dn®v {]tXyI ]cm-a¿i-

tØm-Sp-IqSn, kn\Uv IqsS-°qsS \njvI¿jn-°p-I-bp-

≠mbn.290 ssZh-h-N-\-amWv F√m bYm¿∞ ss{IkvXh

B≤ym-fln-I-X-bp-sSbpw ASn-ÿm\w. "ssZh-h-N\w' F∂

149

{]am-W-tc-J-bnse hm°p-Iƒ kn\Uv ]nXm-°-∑m¿ D≤-

cn®p: ""hnizm-kn-Iƒ kt¥m-j-tØmsS hnip-≤-{K-ŸsØ-

Øs∂ kao-]n-°s´. ssZh-h-N\w \nd-™p-\n¬°p∂

Bcm-[-\-{I-a-Øn-eq-sStbm, ̀ ‡n-]q¿Δ-I-amb ]mcm-b-W-

Øn-eq-sStbm CXp km[n-°m-hp-∂-XmWv. CtX Im-cy-Øn-\p-th≠n e£y-{]m-]vXn-°p-]-‰nb ]T-\-ßtfm a‰p-]-bp-‡-am¿§-ßtfm kzoI-cn°mw. k`-bnse CS-b-∑m-cpsSAwKo-Im-chpw \nb-{¥-W-hpw-hgn C°m-eØv kvXpXy¿l-amw-hn[w Fhn-sSbpw {]N-cn-®n-´p-≈-Xm-Wt√m Cu am¿§-ßƒ. F∂m¬ F√m-hcpw Hm¿t°≠ H∂p≠v; hnip-≤-{K-Ÿ-]m-cm-b-W-tØm-sSm∏w {]m¿∞-\bpw Bh-iy-amWv.''291 ssZh-hp-am-bp≈ kw`m-jW-Øn¬ hnip-≤-en-Jn-XsØ kao-]n-°m≥ F-t∏mgpw ip]m¿i-sN-bvXn-´p≈]nXm-°-∑m-cpsS al-Ømb ]mc-ºcyw ho≠pw kzmb-Ø-am-°m≥ Aßs\ Iu -̈kn¬ {ian®p. hnip≤ BK-kvXo-t\mkv C{]-Imcw ]d-bp∂p: ""ssZh-tØmSv \nßƒ kwkm-cn -°p∂ hm°mWv \nß-fpsS {]m¿∞\. \nßƒss__nƒ hmbn-°p-tºmƒ ssZhw \nß-tfmSp kwkm-cn-°p∂p. {]m¿∞n-°p-tºmƒ \nßƒ ssZh-tØmSp kwkm-cn-°p∂p.''292 hnip-≤-{KŸw {Kln-°m≥ ]T-\-tØ-°mƒt]mepw IqSp-X¬ Bhiyw {InkvXp-hn-t\m-Sp≈kmao-]yhpw {]m¿∞-\-bp-am-sW∂v Cu coXn-bn-ep≈ss__nƒhm-b-\-bpsS alm-Kp-cp-\m-Y-∑m-cn¬ Hcm-fmb Hcn-sP≥ A`n-{]m-b-s∏-Sp∂p. ssZhsØ Adn-bm-\p≈ G‰hpw\√ am¿§w kvt\lam-sW∂pw; Ahn-SpsØ kvt\l-Ønse hf¿®-bn¬\n∂p `n∂-ambn bYm¿∞ "{InkvXp-hn-⁄m-\obw' Cs√∂pw hmkvX-h-Øn¬ Hcn-sP\pt_m≤y-s∏-´n-cp∂p. {KnK-dn-°p≈ IØp-Iƒ F∂ {KŸ-Øn¬ Ae-Ivkm≥{Un-bm-bnse alm-\mb Cu ssZh-im-kv{X-⁄≥, Cu D]-tZiw \¬Ip-I-bp-≠mbn: "hnip-≤-en-Jn-X-ß-fpsS "hmb\'°pth≠n \nß-sf-Øs∂ ka¿∏n-

hN\w k`-bn¬


°pI. ÿntcm-’m-l-tØm-Sp-IqSn \ne-\n¬°pI. ssZh-

Øn¬ hn-iz-kn-°p-Ibpw Ahn-SpsØ {]oXn-s∏-Sp-Øp-Ibpw

sNøpI F∂ e£y-tØm-Sp-IqSn \nßƒ hmbn-°Ww.

hmb-\-bpsS ka-bØv \nßƒ Hc-S™ hmXn-ens\ t\cn-

tS-≠n-h-cn-I-bm-sW-¶n¬, ap´pI.'' Zzmc-]-e-I≥ Ah-\p-

th≠n AXp Xpd-∂p-sIm-Sp°pw'' F∂v tbip Bsc-∏‰n]d-™pthm B Imh¬am-emJ AXp \nßƒ°p Xpd-

∂p-Xcpw. Cu coXn-bn¬ "⁄m\-hm-b\'bv°v \nß-sf-Øs∂ hybw-sNbvXpsIm≠v, hnip-≤-en-Jn-X-Øns‚

A¿∞w shfn-s∏-Sp-∂Xn-\p-th≠n Npdp-Sp-dp-t°m-sSbpwssZh-Øn-ep≈ AN-©-e-amb ic-W-tØm-Sp-Iq-Snbpw

At\z-jn-°pI. henb ]q¿Æ-X-bn¬ B A¿∞w D≈n¬Hfn-™n-cn-°p∂p. F∂n-cp-∂mepw, shdpsX ap´p-Ibpw

At\z-jn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂-Xp-sIm≠v \nßƒ Xr]vX-cm-I-cpXv. ssZhn-I-Im-cy-ßƒ a\- n-em-°m≥ XnI®pw Bh-

iy-ap-≈Xv {]m¿∞-\-bmWv. C°m-c-W-Øm¬ "At\z-jn-∏n≥, \nßƒ Is≠Øpw,' "ap´p-hn≥, \nßƒ°p Xpd-°-

s∏Spw' F∂p am{X-a√ c£-I≥ \-tΩmSv Acp-fn-s®-bvXXv."tNmZn-∏n≥, \nßƒ°p In´pw' F∂v Ahn-Sp∂v Iqń-

t®¿°p-Ibpw sNbvXp.''293

F∂n-cp-∂mepw, C°m-cy-Øn¬ hy‡y-[n-jvTn-X-amb

Hcp kao-]-\-Øns‚ A]-ISw Hgn-hm-t°-≠-XmWv. Iq´m-bva ]Sp-Øp-b¿Øm-\mWv, ssZh-Øn-te-°p≈ \ΩpsS

]mX-bn¬ \sΩ kXy-Øn¬ tbmPn-∏n-°m-\mWv, ssZh-h-N\w IrXy-ambn \ap°p \¬I-s∏-ń-cn-°p-∂-sX-t∂m¿-

°Ww. \sΩ Hmtcm-cp-Ø-scbpw hy‡n-]-c-ambn A`n-kw-t_m-[-\-sN-øp∂ hN-\-am-bn-cn-°p-tºmƒXs∂, kaq-l-

sØ-]-Sp-Øp-b¿Øp∂, k`sb ]Sp-Øp-b¿Øp∂ hN\w-Iq-Sn-bm-WXv. XXv^-e-ambn, hnip-≤-{K-ŸsØ Ft∏mgpw

kao-]n-t°-≠Xv k`-bpsS Iq´m-bva-bn-emWv. ê-Øn¬,""hnip-≤-{K-Ÿ-Øns‚, Iq´m-bva-bnep≈ Hcp hmb\

151

AXy¥w kp{]-[m-\-am-Ip∂p. F¥p-sIm-s≠-∂m¬, hnip-≤-en-Jn-X-Ønse kPo-h-hn-jbw ssZh-P-\-amWv, k`-

bmWv... hnip-≤-en-JnXw `qX-Im-e-Ønt‚X√. ImcWw,

ssZh-Øm¬Xs∂ {]tNm-Zn-X-cmb ssZh-P\w F∂

AXns‚ hnjbw Ft∏mgpw H∂p-X-s∂-bmWv. AXp-

sIm≠v, Pohn-°p∂ hnj-b-Øn¬ (subject) hN\w

Ft∏mgpw kP-oh-am-Ip∂p. Aß-s\, k -̀bp-am-bp≈ Iq´m-

bva-bn¬, AXm-bXv, G‰hpw BZy-Im-esØ ]nXm-°-∑m-

cn¬\n∂pXpSßn \ΩpsS kz¥w ImesØ hnip-≤-∑m¿h-

sc-bp≈, Ct∏m-gsØ {]t_m-[-\m[n-Imcwh-sc-bp≈,

F√m alm-km-£n-I-tfm-Spw-IqSn, hnip-≤-en-JnXw hmbn-

°p-Ibpw A\p-`-hn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-I F∂Xv {][m-\-

amWv.''294

C°m-c-W-Øm¬, hnip-≤-en-Jn-X-Øns‚ {]m¿∞-\m-

]q¿Æ-amb hmb-\-°p≈ khn-ti-jamb Ah-kcw Bcm-

[-\-{Iaw, {]tXy-In®v hnip-≤-Ip¿_m\ BIp∂p. hnip-

≤-Ip¿_m-\-bn¬, {InkvXp-hns‚ ico-c-c-‡-ßsf IqZm-

i-bn¬ \mw ]cn-I¿Ωw sNøp-tºmƒ, hN\w Xs∂ Ahn-

sS k∂n-ln-X-am-Ip-Ibpw \Ωp-sS-bn-S-bn¬ I¿Ω-\n-c-X-am-

hp-Ibpw sNøp∂p. Hc¿∞-Øn¬, hy‡n-]-c-hpw kmaq-

ln-I-hpw, {]m¿∞-\m-]q¿Æhp-amb ss__nƒ ]mcm-bWw

F-t∏mgpw Znhy-_-en-bp-ambn _‘-s∏-́ n-cn-°Ww. Znhy-Im-

cpWy Bcm-[\, Znhy-Im-cp-Wy-Øns‚ Bcm-[-\-{I-a-Øn-

\p-th≠n Hcp-°p-Ibpw AXn-t\m-sSm-∏-am-bn-cn-°p-Ibpw

AXns\ ]n≥Xp-S-cp-Ibpw sNøp∂p.295 AXp-t]m-se-

Xs∂, hy‡n-]-chpw kmaq-ln-I-hp-am-bp≈ {]m¿∞-\m-

\n¿`-c-amb hnip-≤-{KŸ]mcm-b-Whpw, Bcm-[-\-{I-a-]-c-

amb Hcp- ]-›m-Ø-e-Øn¬ k` hN\w {]tLm-jn-°p-

tºmƒ Ahƒ ip{iq-jn-°p-∂Xv F¥mtWm AXn-\p-

th≠n Hcp-ßp-Ibpw AXn-t\m-sSm-∏-am-bn-cn-°p-Ibpw

AXns\ Bg-s∏-Sp-Øp-Ibpw sNøp∂p. ⁄m\-hmb-

hN\w k`-bn¬


\sbbpw Bcm-[-\-{I-a-sØbpw A{X-am{Xw ASp-∏n®v

_‘-s∏-Sp-Øn-s°m≠v, AP-]m-e-\-Øns‚ taJ-e-bnepw

ssZh-P-\-Øns‚ B≤ym-fln-I-Po-hn-X-Ønepw Cu \S-]-

Sn°v am¿§-Z¿i-I-am-tI≠ am\-Z-WvU-ß-sf-°p-dn®v

\ap°p IqSp-X¬ \∂mbn a\- n-em-°m≥ Ignbpw.

87. hnip-≤-en-Jn-X-tØm-Sp≈ {]m¿∞-\m-̀ -cn-Xhpw ̂ e-

{]-Z-hp-amb Hcp kao-]-\-Øn-\p≈ At\Iw am¿§-ßƒ

kn\-Un\p ap≥]pw kn\-Uns‚ thf-bnepw lmP-cm-°nb

tcJ-I-fn¬ ]cm-a¿in-°-s∏-́ n-́ p≠v. F∂m¬ G‰hpw IqSp-

X¬ {i≤-sN-ep-Øn-bXv "⁄m\-hm-b\'bpsS ImcyØn¬

Bbn-cp∂p. bYm¿∞-Øn¬ "⁄m\-hm-b\'bv°v ""ssZh-

h-N-\-Øns‚ \n[n-Iƒ hnizm-kn-Iƒ°p Xpd-∂p-sIm-Sp-

°m≥ am{X-a√, kPo-h-ssZ-h-h-N-\-amb {InkvXp-hp-ambn

Hcp t\¿°mgvN Df-hm-°m\pw Ignbpw.''296 ChnsS Cu

{]{In-b-bpsS ASn-ÿm-\-Np-h-Sp-Iƒ ]p\-c-h-tem-I\w

sNøm≥ Rm≥ B{K-ln-°p∂p. Hcp ss__nƒ `mK-

Øns‚ hmb-\-tbmSpIqSn (lectio) AXv Bcw-`n-°p∂p.

AXns‚ bYm¿∞ D≈-S°w a\- n-em-°m-\p≈ Hcm-{K-

l-Øn-te°v CXp \bn-°p∂p. Cu ss__nƒ`mKw

AXn¬Øs∂ ]d-bp-∂Xv F¥mWv? CXpIq-SmsX,

\ΩpsS kz¥w Bi-b-ßƒ°-∏p-d-tØ°v Hcn-°epw

\oßm-Xn-cn-°m-\p≈ Hgn-I-gn-hmbn hnip-≤-en-Jn-X-`mKw

Xocm-\p≈ A]-I-S-km-≤yX Ft∏m-gp-ap≠v. ]n∂o-Sp-h-cp-

∂Xv hnNn¥\w (meditation) BWv. AXv Cßs\ tNmZn-

°p∂p: Cu ss__nƒ`mKw \tΩmSp ]d-bp-∂Xv

F¥mWv? ChnsS HmtcmcpØcpw hy‡n-]-c-ambn,

F∂m¬ kaq-l-Øns‚ HcwKw F∂ \ne-bnepw, Ahs\

As√-¶n¬ Ah-sf-Øs∂ Nen-∏n-°-s∏-Sm\pw sh√p-hn-

fn-°-s∏-Sm\pw A\p-h-Zn-°Ww. CXns\ XpS¿∂mWv

{]m¿∞\bpsS (oratio) ÿm\w. AXv Cu tNmZy-amWv

153

tNmZn-°p-∂Xv: Ahn-SpsØ hN-\-Øn\p {]Xyp-Ø-c-ambn

I¿-Øm-hn-t\mSp \mw F¥mWp ]d-bp-I? At]£; am≤y-

ÿ-Xbpw IrX-⁄-Xm-{]-I-S-\hpw kvXpXnbpw F∂o \ne-

bnep≈ {]m¿∞-\-bmWv hN\w \sΩ ]cn-h¿Ø\w sN-

øp∂ {]mY-anI am¿§w. Ah-km-\-ambn, "⁄m\-hm-b\'

[ym-\-tØmSpIqSn (contemplatio) kam-]n-°p∂p. Cu ka-

bØv, ssZh-Øns‚ Hcp Zm\w F∂ \ne-bn¬,

bmYm¿∞ysØ Ahn-Sp∂p ImWp-Ibpw hn[n-°p-Ibpw

sNøp∂ AtX coXn \mw kz¥am-°p-Ibpw a\- n-s‚bpw

lrZ-b-Øn-s‚bpw Pohn-X-Øn-s‚bpw F¥p ]cn-h¿Ø-\-

amWv I¿Ømhp \Ωn¬\n∂v Bh-iy-s∏-Sp-∂-sX∂v

\tΩm-Sp -Xs∂ tNmZn -°p-Ibpw sNøp∂p. tdmam-

°m¿°p≈ teJ-\-Øn¬ hnip≤ ]utemkv \tΩmSv

Cßs\ ]d-bp∂p: ""\nßƒ Cu temI-Øn\v A\p-cq-]-

cm-I-cpXv; {]XypX, \nß-fpsS a\- ns‚ \ho-I-cWw hgn

cq]m-¥-c-s∏-Sp-hn≥. ssZh-lnXw Fs¥∂pw, \√Xpw

{]oXn-P-\-Ihpw ]cn-]q¿Æ-hp-am-bXv Fs¥∂pw hnth-Nn-

®-dn-bm≥ At∏mƒ \nßƒ°p km[n°pw.'' (12:2) ssZhw

ImWp-∂-Xp-t]mse bmYm¿∞y-sØ-∏‰n hmkvX-h-Øn¬

hnth-I-]q¿Æhpw hnth-Nn-®-dn-bp-∂-Xp-amb Hcp Z¿i\w

\Ωn¬ krjvSn-°p-Ibpw ""{InkvXp-hns‚ a\ v'' (1 sImdn.

2:16) \Ωn¬ cq]o-I-cn-°p-I-bp-amWv [ym\-Øns‚ e£yw.

ChnsS ssZh-h-N\w hnth-Nn-°m-\p≈ Hcp am\-Z-WvU-

ambn ImW-s∏-Sp∂p: AXv ""kPo-hhpw Du¿÷-kz-e-hp-

amWv; Ccp-Xe hmfn-s\-°mƒ aq¿®-tb-dn-bXpw, tNX-\-

bnepw Bflm-hnepw k‘n-_-‘-ß-fnepw a÷-bnepw Xpf-

®p-I-bdn lrZ-b-Øns‚ hnNm-c-ß-sfbpw \ntbm-K-ß-

sfbpw hnth-Nn-°p-∂-Xp-amWv.'' (sl{_m. 4:12). Hcp

hy‡nbpsS PohnXw ]c-kvt\-l-tØm-Sp-IqSn a‰p-≈-h¿°v

Hcp Zm\-am°n-Øo¿°m≥ hnizm-knsb {]tNm-Zn-∏n-°p∂

hN\w k`-bn¬


{]h¿Ø-\-Øn¬ (actio) FØn-t®-cp-∂-Xp-hsc "⁄m\-

hm-b\'bpsS {]{Inb Ah-km-\n-°p-∂n√ F∂v \mw

Hm¿°p-∂Xp \∂m-bn-cn°pw.ssZh-am-Xm-hn¬ Cu {]{In-b-bpsS ]c-a-amb kwt…-

j-Whpw ]q¿Øo-I-c-Whpw \mw ImWp∂p. Hmtcm hnizm-kn°pw, ssZh-h-N\w hnt[-b-Xz-tØm-SpIqSn kzoI-cn-°p-∂-Xns‚ amXr-I-bmWp adnbw. ImcWw, Ahƒ ""Ch-sb√mw lrZ-b-Øn¬ kw{K-ln®p KmV-ambn Nn¥n-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p∂p'' (eq°m 2:19; cf. 2:51). hfsc hyXy-kvX-sa-∂p-tXm-∂p∂-kw-̀ -h-ß-sfbpw {]hr-Øn-I-sfbpw Imcy-ß-sfbpw, ssZh-Øns‚ alm-]-≤-Xn-bn¬, H∂n-∏n-°p∂AKm-[-amb _‘w Ahƒ Is≠Øn.297

k`-bpsS km[m-c-W-hy-h-ÿ-Iƒ A\p-k-cn®v, X\n-°p-th-≠ntbm acn® hnizm-k-nIƒ°p-th-≠ntbm ZWvU-hn-tam-N\w e`n-°m-\p≈ km[yX A\p-h-Zn-°p∂ Hcp\S-]Sn F∂ \ne-bnepw IqSn, hnip≤ enJn-X-Øns‚hy‡n-]-c-amb hmb-\-bpsS {]m[m-\y-sØ-∏‰n kn\Uv\n¿t±-in-®Xv Bh¿Øn-°m\pw Rm≥ B{K-ln-°p∂p.298

ZWvU-hn-tam-N-\-ß-fpsS \S-]Sn299 {InkvXp-hns‚ A\-¥-tbm-Ky-X-Iƒ kw_-‘n® kn≤m-¥-sØ-bmWv kqNn-∏n-°pI. c£-bpsS ]cn-I¿Ωn F∂ \ne-bn¬ k` CXv]I¿∂p-\¬Ip-Ibpw {]tbm-Kn-°p-Ibpw sNøp∂p. F-∂m¬ AXv hnip-≤-cpsS Iq´m-bva-bpsS kqN-\-Iq-Sn-bmWv.AXv C{]-Imcw \sΩ ]Tn-∏n-°p∂p. ""{InkvXp-hnt\mSv\mw F{X-am{Xw sFIy-s∏-Sp-∂pthm A{X-am{Xw \mw ]c-kv]cw sFIy-s∏-´n-cn-°p∂p. Hmtcm-cp-Ø-cp-sSbpw AXn-kzm-`m-hn-I-Po-h≥ A\y¿°p {]tbm-P-\-s∏-Sp-Øm-hp-∂-XmWv.''300 Cu \ne-]m-Sn¬\n∂p t\m°p-tºmƒ, ssZh-h-N-\-Øns‚ ]mcm-bWw \ΩpsS A\p-Xm-]-Øns‚bpw am\-km-¥-c-Øn-s‚bpw bm{X-bn¬ \sΩ XpW-bv°p-Ibpw k -̀bpsS kz¥-amWp \msa∂ \ΩpsS t_m[w Bg-s∏-Sp-

155

Øm≥ \sΩ {]m]vX-cm-°p-Ibpw ssZh-tØmSp≈_‘Øn¬ hf-cm≥ \sΩ klm-bn-°p-Ibpw sNøp∂p.hnip≤ Awt{_mkv Cßs\ {]kvXm-hn-°p∂p: ""hnip≤enJn-X-ßƒ hnizm-k-]q¿Δw FSpØv k -̀tbm-sSm∏w Ahhmbn-°p-tºmƒ, \mw ssZh-tØm-sSm∏w Hcn-°¬ IqSnGZ≥ tXm´-Øn¬ Dem-Øp-I-bmWv.''301

ssZh-h-N-\hpw adn-b-tØm-Sp≈ {]m¿∞-\bpw

88. ssZh-h-N-\hpw \k-d-Ønse adn-bhpw XΩn-ep≈

At -̀Zy-amb _‘w a\- n¬h-®p-sIm≠v, hnizm-kn-I-fpsS

CS-bn¬, k¿thm-]cn IpSpw-_-Po-hn-X-Øn¬, adn-b-tØm-

Sp≈ {]m¿∞\ t{]m’m-ln-∏n-°-W-sa∂v, kn\Uv ]nXm-

°-∑m-tcm-sSm∏w, Rm≥ Blzm\w sNøp∂p. ImcWw,

hnip-≤-en-Jn-X-ß-fn¬ ImWp∂ Znhyc-l-ky-ß-sf-°p-dn®p

[ym\n-°m≥ AXp klm-b-I-amWv. DZm-l-c-W-ambn, adn-

b-tØmSp302 tN¿∂p {InkvXp-hns‚ cl-ky-ß-sf-°p-dn®p

[ym\n-°p∂ -P-]-ame{]m¿∞\303 hy‡n-]-c-amtbm kmaq-

ln-I-amtbm sNm√p-∂Xv G‰-hp-a-[nIw klm-b-I-amIpw.

{]Im-i-Øns‚ cl-ky-ßƒ tN¿Øv tPm¨ t]mƒ c≠m-

a≥ am¿]m∏ P]-ame kw]p-jvS-am-°p-I-bp-≠mbt√m.304

Hmtcm cl-ky-tØm-sSm∏w B cl-ky-tØmSp _‘-s∏´

Hcp sNdnb ss__nƒ `mKw hmbn°p-∂Xp \∂m-bn-

cn°pw. {InkvXp-hns‚ Pohn-X-Ønse cl-ky-ß-tfmSp

_‘-s∏´ Xncp-h-N\`mK-ßƒ lrZn-ÿ-am-°p-∂-Xns\

CXp t{]m’m-ln-∏n°pw.

{XnIm-e-P]w sNm√p∂Xn\v hnizm-kn-Isf t{]m’m-

ln-∏n-°m\pw kn\Uv ip]m¿isNbvXp. efn-X-sa-¶nepw,

Kl-\-amb Hcp {]m¿∞-\-bm-WnXv. ""Ah-X-cn® hN-\-

Øns‚ clkyw Znh-tk\ A\p-kva-cn-°m≥''305 CXp

\ap°h-kcw Xcp∂p. ]c-º-cm-K-X-ambn {]`m-X-Ønepw

a≤ym-”-Ønepw k‘ym-th-f-bnepw sNm√p∂, adn-b-tØm-

hN\w k`-bn¬


Sp≈ Cu {]m¿∞-\-tbmSv ssZh-P\w; IpSpw-_-ßfpw

ka¿∏n-X-kaq-l-ßfpw, hniz-kvX-cm-bn-cn-°p-I DNnXamWv.

ssZh-Øns‚ lnXm-\p-k-cWw {]h¿Øn-°p-∂-Xnepw

Ahn-SpsØ hN-\sØ \ΩpsS Pohn-X-ß-fn¬ kzoI-cn-

°p-∂-Xnepw adn-bsØ A\p-I-cn-°m-\p≈ hc-Øn-\p-

th≠n, adn-b-Øns‚ am≤y-ÿ-X-bn-eqsS, {XnIm-e-P-]-

Øn¬ \mw ssZh-tØmSv At]-£n-°p∂p. a\p-jym-h-Xm-

c-c-l-ky-tØm-Sp≈ Bflm¿∞-kvt\-l-Øn¬ hf-cm≥

Cu ioew \ap°p klm-b-I-amIpw.

AXp-t]m-se-Xs∂, c£-Wo-b-N-cn{Xw apgp-h≥ ssZh-

am-Xm-hns‚ (Theotokos) shfn-®-Øn¬ [ym\n-°p∂ ]uc-

kvXy-ss{I-kvX-h-cpsS ]pcm-X-\-{]m¿∞-\-Iƒ Adn-bp-hm-

\pw hne-a-Xn-°phm\pw hym]-I-ambn D]-tbm-Kn-°phm\pw

tbmKy-amWv. ChnsS "AIm-XnkvXv', (Akathist) "]mct¢-

knkv' (Paraklesis) F∂o {]m¿∞-\mk-{º-Zm-b-ßsf-∏‰n

{]tXyIw ]cm-a¿in-°m-hp-∂-XmWv. Hcp epØn-\n-bm-bpsS

cq]-Øn¬ Be-]n-°p-∂Xpw k`-bpsS hnizm-k-Ønepw

ss__nƒ ]cm-a¿i-ß-fnepw \na-·-hp-amb Cu kvXpXn-

Ko-X-ßƒ adn-b-tØm-sSm-∂n®v {InkvXp-hns‚ cl-ky-ßƒ

[ym\n-°m≥ hnizm-kn-Isf klm-bn-°p∂p. {]tXy-In®v,

ssZh-am-Xm-hn-t\m-Sp≈ BZ-c-Wo-b-amb "AIm-XnkvXv,

kvXpXn-KoXw (\n∂p-sIm-≠mWv Cu {]m¿∞\ Be-]n-

°-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv) ss_k-ss‚≥ ]mc-º-cy-Øn¬306 adn-b-tØm-

Sp≈ ̀ ‡n-bpsS AXyp-∂-X-amb Hcm-hn-jvIm-csØ {]Xn-

\n-[o-I-cn-°p∂p. Cu hm°p-IƒsIm-≠p≈ {]m¿∞\

lrZ-bsØ hnim-e-ambn Xpd-°p-Ibpw AXns\ D∂-X-

Øn¬ \n∂p≈, ssZh-Øn¬ \n∂p≈, kam-[m-\-Øn-

te°v, \ΩpsS c£-°p-th≠n adn-b-Øn¬\n∂p P\n®

{InkvXp Xs∂-bmb kam-[m-\-Øn-te°v \bn-°p-Ibpw

sNøp∂p.

157

ssZh-h-N-\hpw hnip-≤-\mSpw

89. \k-d-Ønse adn-b-Øns‚ DZ-c-Øn¬ amwk-am-bn-

Øo¿∂ ssZh-h-N-\-sØ-°p-dn®v Hm¿°p-tºmƒ, \ΩpsS

c£-bpsS clkyw ]q¿Øn-bm-°-s∏´ \mń-te°v Ct∏mƒ

\ΩpsS lrZbw Xncn-bp∂p. AhnsS \n∂mWv temI-

Øns‚ AXn¿Øn-Iƒhsc ssZh-h-N\w hym]n-®Xv. ]cn-

ip-≤m-flm-hns‚ i‡n-bm¬, Hcp \n›n-X-k-a-bØpw ÿ-

eØpw, tdmam km{am-Py-Øns‚ AXn¿Øn-bnse Hcp

Xp≠p-̀ q-an-bn¬, hN\w amwk-ambn. {InkvXp F∂ hy‡n-

bpsS km¿Δ-{Xn-I-Xbpw AXp-ey-Xbpw \mw IqSp-X-embn

hne-a-Xn-°p-t¥mdpw Ahn-Sp∂p P\n-°p-Ibpw Pohn-°p-

Ibpw \ap-°p-th≠n Poh≥ \evIp-Ibpw sNbvX \mń-

te°v IrX-⁄-Xm-]p-c- cw \ΩpsS ZrjvSn-Iƒ Xncn-

bp∂p. \ΩpsS c£-I≥ Nhnń-\-S∂ I√p-Iƒ Ct∏mgpw

Ahn-SpsØ Hm¿Ω-bm¬ \nd-™n-cn-°p∂p. Ah XpS¿∂pw

kZzm¿Ø ""DZvtLmjn''°p∂p≠v. C°m-c-W-Øm¬, hnip-

≤-\m-Sn-s\-°p-dn®p ]d-bp∂ ""A©mw kphn-tijw''307

F∂ A`n-\-\-μ-\-kq-N-I-amb ]Z-{]-tbmKw kn\Uv ]nXm-

°-∑m¿ A\p-kva-cn-°p-I-bp-≠mbn. At\Iw t¢i-ßƒ

Ds≠-¶nepw B ÿe-ß-fn¬ ss{IkvX-h-k-aq-l-ßƒ

Ds≠-∂p-≈Xv F{Xtbm {][m-\-amWv! tbip-hns‚ \mń¬

Pohn-°p-Ibpw D∞n-X-\n-ep≈ Xß-fpsS hnizm-k-Øn\p

km£yw hln-°p-Ibpw sNøp∂ B {InkvXym-\n-I-tfm-

sS-√m-h-tcmSpw sa{Xm-∑m-cpsS kn\Uv Xß-fpsS AKm-[-

amb kmao]yw {]I-Sn-∏n®p. ""km¿Δ-{Xn-I-k-̀ -°p≈ hnizm-

k-Øns‚ Hcp Zo]-kvXw-̀ -ambn am{X-a√; ]c-º-cm-K-X-ambn

\m\m-Xzhpw ]e hwi-ßfpw ]e aX-ßfpw D≠m-bn-cp-

∂Xpw Ct∏mgpw Aßs\ XpS-cp-∂-Xp-amb Hcp kaq-l-

Øns‚ Pohn-X-Øn¬, s]mcp-Ø-Øn-s‚bpw hnth-I-Øn-

s‚bpw ka-Nn-Ø-X-bp-sSbpw Hcp ]pfn-amhmbpw''308

hN\w k`-bn¬


{]h¿Øn-°m≥ hnip-≤-\m-´nse {InkvXym-\n-Iƒ hnfn-°-

s∏-´n-cn-°p∂p.

ss{IkvX-h-P-\-X-bpsS Xo¿∞m-S-\-Øns‚ Hcp e£y-

ÿm-\-ambn, {]m¿∞-\-bp-sSbpw {]mb-›n-Ø-Øn-s‚bpw,

Hcp ÿe-ambn hnip-≤-\mSv C∂p \ne-sIm-≈p∂p. hnip≤

sPtdm-ans\309 t∏mse-bp≈ {KŸ-Im-c-∑m¿ ]ucm-Wn-I-

Im-eØv CXp km£y-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-́ p≠v. ̀ uan-I-P-dp-k-te-

an-te°v \ΩpsS angn-Ifpw lrZ-b-ßfpw IqSp-X-embn Xncn-

bp-t¥mdpw F√m-Xo¿∞m-S-\-Øn-s‚bpw bYm¿∞-e-£y-

amb kz¿§o-b-P-dp-k-te-an-\p-th-≠n-bp≈ \ΩpsS A`n-em-

jhpw c£ ssIh-cp-Øp∂ GI-\m-a-amb tbip-hns‚

\maw F√m-hcpw AwKo-I-cn-°-W-sa-∂p≈ (cf. A∏. 4:12)

\ΩpsS Xo{h-amb B{K-lhpw IqSp-X-embn Pzen-∏n-°-

s∏Spw.

159

`mKw aq∂v

hN\w temI-Øn-\p-th≠n(Verbum Mundo)

""ssZhsØ Bcpw Hcn-°epw I≠n-́ n√.

]nXmhp-ambn KmV-_-‘w-]p-e¿Øp∂ ssZhw

Xs∂-bmb GI-Pm-X-\mWv Ahn-SpsØ

shfns∏-Sp-ØnbXv'' (tbml. 1:18).

161

k`-bpsS ZuXyw: ssZh-h-N\wtemItØmSv {]kw-Kn-°pI

]nXm-hn¬\n∂p-¤-hn®v ]nXm-hn-te°p aS-ßp∂hN\w

90. ss{IkvX-h-hn-izm-k-Ønse ASn-ÿm-\-]-c-amb]q¿hm-]c sshcp≤yw i‡-amb ̀ mj-bn¬ hnip≤ tbml-∂m≥ {]I-S-am-°n-bn-´p≠v. Hcp-h-iØv ""Bcpw Hcn-°epwssZhsØ I≠n-´n√'' F∂v hnip-≤≥ ]d-bp∂p (tbml.1:18; cf. 1 tbml. 4:12). \ΩpsS k¶-ev]-Ønt\m Bi-b-ßƒt°m hm°p-Iƒ-t°m AXyp-∂-X-\mb ssZh-Øns‚A\-¥-amb bm-Ym¿∞yw \n¿ΔNn-°mt\m Dƒs°m-≈mt\m Ign-bp-I-bn√. ssZhw Ft∏mgpw F√m-‰n-t\-°mfpw hen-b-h-\m-bn-cn°pw (Deu semper maior) F¶nepwhN\w bYm¿∞-Øn¬ ""amwk-ambn'' F∂pw hnip≤tbml-∂m≥ ]d-bp∂p (tbml. 1:14). ]nXm-hn¬-\n∂vP\n® GI-]p-{X≥ F∂pw ]nXm-hn-t\m-sSm∏w Bbn-cp∂p.]p{X≥ Bcpw Hcn-°epw I≠n-́ n-√mØ ssZhsØ \ap°vshfn-s∏-SpØn. (tbm-l. 1:18). tbip-{InkvXp \ΩpsS ASp-tØ°v hcp-∂Xv ""Ir]bpw kXyhpw \nd-™-h-\m-bn-´mWv'' (tbml. 1:14). Cu Zm\-ßƒ \ap°v \evIp-∂-Xn-\m-bmWv Ahn-Sp∂v hcp-∂Xv (tbml. 1:17). ""Ahs‚]q¿Æ-X-bn¬ \n∂v \msa√mw Ir]-bv°p-ta¬ Ir] kzoI-cn-®n-cn-°p∂p'' (tbml. 1:16). Aßs\, tbml-∂ms‚kphn-ti-j-Øns‚ Bap-J-Øn¬ ssZh-tØm-sSm∏w D≠m-bn-cp∂ hN\w amwk-am-bXpw \ΩpsS a\p-jy-kz-`m-h-


tØm-Sp-IqSn ]nXm-hn-te°p Xs∂ aS-ßn-t∏m-Ip-∂Xpwtbml-∂m≥ [ym\-Øn\v hnj-b-am-°p∂p. hN\w a\p-jy-kz-`mhw kzoI-cn-®Xv F∂-t∂-°p-am-bmWv. Cßs\ssZh-Øn¬\n∂v hcn-Ibpw ssZh-Øn-te°v aS-ßn-t∏m-hp-Ibpw sNøp∂ {InkvXp-hns\ ssZh-sØ-∏‰n ]d-bp-∂-h-\m-bn-´mWv Ah-X-cn-∏n-®n-cn-°p-∂Xv (tbml. 1:18; cf.13:3, 16:28, 17:8, 10). eb¨knse hnip≤ sFtd\n-bkv]d-bp∂Xpt]mse, ""]nXm-hns\ shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-h-\mWv]p{X≥.''310 "Bcpw Hcn-°epw I≠n-́ n-√mØ' ssZh-Øns‚""Znhy-h-N-\-hym-Jym-Xm-hmWv'' \k-d-Ønse tbip F∂pthW-sa-¶n¬ ]dbmw. ""Ah≥ AZr-iy-\mb ssZh-Øns‚{]Xn-cq-]-amWv'' (sImtfm. 1:15). ssZh-h-N\w F{X ê-{]-Z-amWv F∂Xp kw_-‘n® Gi-øm-bpsS {]h-N\wChnsS ]q¿Øo-I-cn-°-s∏-Sp-∂-Xmbn \mw ImWp∂p: ""B-Im-i-Øp-\n∂p s]mgn-bp∂ agbpw a™pw ̀ qan°v sh≈w\evIn AXns\ ê-`q-bn-jvT-am-°p∂p. AXp-t]mse,ssZh-h-N-\hpw. Fs‚ A[-c-ß-fn¬\n∂v ]pd-s∏-Sp∂hm°pw Aßs\Xs∂, k^-e-am-ImsX AXv Xncn-®p-h-cn√. Fs‚ Dt±iyw AXv \nd-th‰pw, Rm≥ Gev]n-°p∂Imcyw hnP-b-{]-Z-ambn sNøpw'' (cf. Gi. 55:10 apX¬).]nXm-hn¬\n∂v ]pd-s∏´ \n¿Æm-b-Ihpw ̂ e-{]-Z-hp-ambhm-°mWv tbip-{InkvXp. AXv ]nXm-hn¬\n∂v hcn-Ibpw]nXm-hn-te°v aS-ßn-t∏m-hp-Ibpw sNbvXp. ]nXm-hns‚Iev]\ ̀ qan-bn¬ ]q¿Æ-ambpw \nd-th-‰n-bn-́ mWv Ahn-Sp∂vaS-ßp-∂Xv.

{]Xym-i-bpsS ""hN\w'' temI-tØmSv {]tLm-jn-°¬

91. ̀ qan-bpsS apJsØ cq]m-¥-c-s∏-Sp-Øp∂ ssZhoI-Po-h-\mbmWv ssZh-h-N\w \ap°v \evIs∏ńcn-°p-∂Xv.AXv F√mw ]p-Xp-Xm-°n-s°m≠v `qan-bpsS apJw \ho-I-cn-°p∂p (cf. shfn. 21:5). ssZh-Øns‚ shfn-]mSv {ihn-

163

°p-∂-h¿ F∂ coXn-bn¬ am{X-a√ ssZh-h-N\w \tΩmSvCS-s]-Sp-∂Xv. ssZh-h-N-\-Øns‚ apt∂m-Sn-I-fmbpw Ahn-Sp∂p \sΩ ImWp∂p. Xs‚ lnXw \nd-th-‰p-hm-\mbn]nXm-h-b® Bƒ (cf. tbml. 5:36-˛38, 6:38-˛40; 7:16-˛18)\sΩ X∂n-te°v BI¿-jn-°p-Ibpw Xs‚ Pohn-X-Øn-s‚bpw ZuXy-Øn-s‚bpw `mK-am-°p-Ibpw sNøp∂p.\ΩpsS Pohn-X-Øns‚ km-£yØn-eqsS F√m-bn-SØpwhN\w {]tLm-jn-°p-hm≥ Dbn¿sØ-gp-t∂‰ I¿Øm-hns‚ Acq]n \sΩ i‡-cm-°p∂p. BZn-a-ss{I-kvXhkaqlw Cu hkvXpX A\p-`-hn-®-dn-™-h-cmWv. {]kw-K-Øn-eq-sSbpw km£y-Øn-eq-sSbpw hN\w {]N-cn-°p-∂XvI≠-h-cmWv Ah¿ (cf. A∏. 6:7). ChnsS \ap°v]utemkv At∏m-kvX-es‚ PohnXw {]tXyIw A\p-kva-cn-°m-hp-∂XmWv. I¿Ømhv ]q¿Æ-ambpw A[n-\n-th-in®Hcp a\p-jy-\m-bn-cp∂p ]utemkv. ""tbip-{InkvXp Fs∂kz¥-am-°n-bn-cn-°p∂p'' (cf. ^nen. 3:12). ""C\n-ta¬Rm\√ Pohn-°p-∂Xv {InkvXp-hmWv F∂n¬ Pohn-°p-∂Xv'' (Kem. 2:20). ]utem-kns‚ ZuXyhpw AXp-X-s∂-bm-bn-cp∂p: ""Rm≥ kphn-tijw {]kw-Kn-°p-∂n-s√-¶n¬F\n°v ZpcnXw'' (1 tImdn. 9:16). {InkvXp-hn¬ shfn-hm-°-s∏-´Xv bYm¿∞-Øn¬ F√m P\-ß-fp-sSbpw \nXy-c£ Bbn-cp-∂p-sh∂pw, ssZh-a-°-fpsS kzmX{¥ywBkz-Zn-°p-∂-Xn-\mbn ]m]-Øns‚ ASn-a-Ø-Øn¬\n∂pwe`n® tamN-\-am-bn-cp-∂p-sh∂pw, ]utem-kn\v \√-Xp-t]mse Adn-bm-am-bn-cp∂p.

temI-tØmSv Xncp-k` DZvtLm-jn-°p-∂Xv {]Xym-i-bpsS "temtKmkv' BWv, hN-\-amWv (cf. 1 ]t{Xm. 3:15).Hmtcm\nan-jhpw ]q¿Æ-ambn Pohn-°p-∂-Xn\v a\p-jy¿°val-Ømb Cu {]Xymi Bh-iy-amWv. Hcp am\p-jn-I -ap-J-ap-≈-h\pw Ah-km-\w-hsc \sΩ kvt\ln-®-h-\p-ambssZh-amWv Cu {]Xymi (tbml. 13:1).311 AXp-sIm≠mWv{]Ir-Xym-Xs∂ Xncp-k` ZuXyØns‚ k` (missionary),

hN\w temI-Øn-\p-th≠n


hN\w {]tLmjn-°p∂ k` BbXv. tbip-{In-kvXp-hns\

I≠p-ap-́ n-b-t∏mƒ \ap°p \evI-s∏´ \nXy-Po-hs‚ hm°p-

Iƒ \ap-°mbn am{Xw kq£n-®p-h-bv°m-\p-≈-X√. AXv

F√m a\p-jy¿°pwth≠n-bp-≈-XmWv, Hmtcm ]pcp-j\pw

Hmtcm kv{Xobv°pw th≠n-bp-≈-XmWv. C∂v Hmtcm a\p-

jy\pw Abmƒ AXv Xncn-®n-dn-bp-∂p-s≠-¶nepw Cs√-

¶nepw, Cu hN\-Øns‚ Bh-iy-ap≠v. Btamkv {]hm-

N-Is‚ Ime-sØ-∂-t]mse, I¿Øm-hp-Xs∂ \ΩpsS CS-

bn¬ ssZh-h-N-\-Øn-\p-th-≠n-bp≈ ]pXnb hni∏pw,

Zmlhpw DW¿Øs´! (cf. Btam. 8:11). ssZh-Ir-]-bm¬

\ap°v e`n-®n-´p-≈Xv a‰p-≈-h¿°v FØn-®p-sIm-Sp-°pI

F∂Xv \ΩpsS DØ-c-hm-Zn-Ø-amWv.

ssZh-h-N-\-amWv k -̀bpsS ZuXy-Øns‚ Dd-hnSw

92. BZn-a-Imew sXmt´ ssZh-P-\-Øn\v D≠m-bn-cp∂

kphn-ti-j-{]-tLmjWw kw_-‘n® Ah-t_m[w k`-

bn¬ ]p\-cp-÷o-hn-∏n-t°-≠-Xns‚ Bh-iy-IX kn\Uv

]nXm-°-∑m¿ i‡-amb `mj-bn¬ ho≠pw {]Jym-]n®p.

BZn-a-ss{I-kvX-h¿ kphn-ti-j-{]tLmjWsØ I≠Xv

hnizm-k-Øns‚ kz`m-h-Øn¬Xs∂ thcq-∂n-bn-́ p≈ Hcp

Bh-iy-am-bn-´mWv. Xßƒ GXp ssZh-Øn-emtWm hniz-

kn-°p-∂Xv, B ssZhw F√m-h-cp-sSbpw ssZh-amWv;

C{km-tb-ens‚ Ncn-{X-Ønepw Ah-km-\-ambn Xs‚ ]p{X-

\nepw kzbw shfn-∏-Sp-Ønb GI-k-Xy-ssZhw. Aßs\

F√m a\p-jycpw Ah-cpsS D≈ns‚ D≈n¬ {]Xo-£n-®n-

cp∂ {]Xn-I-cWw ssZhw Ah¿°v \evIn. BZn-a-ss{I-

kvXh kaq-l-ßƒ Xß-fpsS hnizmkw GsX-¶nepw Hcp

kmw-kvIm-cn-I-]m-c-º-cy-Øns‚ `mK-amWv F∂p Icp-Xn-

bn√. hnhn[ P\-ßƒ°v hyXy-kvX-amb hnizmkw F∂v

Ah¿ Icp-Xn-bn√. kXy-Øns‚ taJ-e-bn-ep-≈-XmWv

Xß-fpsS hnizm-k-sa∂pw AXv F√m-hscbpw Hcp-t]mse

165

_m[n-°p∂ hnj-b-am-sW∂pw Ah¿ a\- n-em°n.

ss{IkvX-h-Zu-Xy-Øns‚ A¿∞w F¥m-sW∂v Xs‚

PohnXw hgn Hcn-°¬°qSn hy‡-am-°p-∂Xv hnip≤

]utem-kmWv. ss{IkvX-h-k-tμ-i-Øns‚ ASn-ÿm-\-]-

c-amb km¿h-eu-In-IX hnip-≤≥ {]I-S-am-°p∂p. At∏m-

kvX-e -∑m -cpsS {]h¿Ø\ßfn¬ (cf. 17:16˛34),

BsY≥knse "Acn-tbm-∏m-K-kn¬' \S∂ kw`hw hnh-

cn-®n-cn-°p-∂Xv \ap°v ChnsS Hm¿Ωn°mw. P\-X-I-fpsS

At∏m-kvX-e-\mb ]utemkv hnhn[ kwkvIm-c-ß-fp≈

Bfp-I-fp-ambn kwhm-Z-Øn¬ G¿s∏-Sp-∂-Xns‚ icn-bmb

ImcWw ssZhsØ kw_-‘n® clkyw bYm¿∞-Øn¬

Ncn-{X-Øn¬ shfn-s∏-Sp-Ø-s∏-´n-cn-°p∂p F∂v At±-l-

Øn-\p≈ Ah-t_m-[-amWv. ssZh-sØ-∏-‰n-bp≈ clkyw

Htckabw Adn-b-s∏-́ Xpw A⁄m-X-hp-amWv; F{X Ahy-

‡-am-bn-´m-bmepw F√m a\p-jycpw, kv{XoIfpw ]pcp-j-

∑mcpw, Xß-fpsS lrZ-b-ß-fn¬ Cu clkyw Adn-bp-

∂p≠v. ""\nßƒ Bcm-[n-°p∂ B A⁄m-X-s\-°p-

dn®pXs∂-bmWv Rm≥ \nß-tfmSv {]kw-Kn-°p-∂Xv''

(A∏. 17:23). bYm¿∞-Øn¬ ss{IkvX-h-{]-tLm-j-W-

Øns‚ ]pXpa AS-ßn-bn-cn-°p-∂Xv \ap°v F√m P\-ß-

tfmSpw ""ssZhw Xs∂-Øs∂ shfn-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-cn-°p∂p:

hy‡n-]-c-ambn kzbw shfn-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-cn-°p∂p, ssZh-

Øn-se-Øm-\p≈hgn Ct∏mƒ Xpd-∂n-cn-°p∂p'' F∂p

]dbmw F∂-XmWv. ss{IkvX-h-k-tμiw Hcp Bi-bsØ

B{i-bn-®p-≈-X√, Hcp hkvXp-Xsb ASn-ÿm-\-am-°n-bp-

≈-XmWv F∂-Xt{X AXns‚ ]pXpa: ""ssZhw kzbw

shfn-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-cn-°p∂p'' F∂p≈Xv.312

hN-\hpw ssZh-cm-Pyhpw

93. AXp-sIm≠v k`-bpsS Pohn-X-Øn¬ Cu ZuXywthW-sa-¶n¬ \n¿Δ-ln-°m-hp-∂tXm a‰p {]h¿Ø-\-



ßƒ°\p]qcIßtfm Bbn IW-°m-°m-hp-∂-X√. t\tc-a-dn®v, ]cn-ip-≤m-cq]n \sΩ {InkvXp-hns‚ `mK-am-°p-∂-Xn\v, {InkvXp \sΩ kzmwio-I-cn-°p-∂-Xn\v \sΩ-Øs∂A\phZn-°p-I-bmWv CXv. Aßs\ \mw {InkvXp-hns‚Xs∂ ZuXy-Øn¬ ]¶m-fn-I-fm-Ip∂p: ""]nXmhvFs∂ Ab-®-Xp-t]mse Rm\pw \nßsf Ab-bv°p∂p''(tbml. 20:21). \nß-fpsS PohnXw apgp-h\pw hN\w ]¶p-h-bv°m≥ \nßsf Ab-bv°p∂p. hN\wXs∂-bmWv\ΩpsS ktlm-Z-co-k-tlm-Z-c-∑m-cpsS ASp-tØ°v \sΩi‡-ambn \bn°p-∂Xv. {]Imiw ]c-Øp-Ibpw ip≤o-I-cn-°p-Ibpw am\-km-¥-c-s∏-Sp-Øp-Ibpw sNøp-∂Xv hN-\-amWv, \mw hN-\-Øns‚ ip{iq-j-I¿ am{X-amWv.

{InkvXp-Xs∂ {]kw-Kn® ssZhcmPyw hcp-∂-Xn\v hN-\-{]-tLm-jWw F{X AXym-h-iy-amWv, AXv A-Xn-a-t\m-l-c-amWv, F∂ Ah-t_m[w \nc-¥cw \mw ]pXp-t°-≠-Xp≠v. Aßs\, k`m-]n-Xm-°-∑m¿ hy‡-ambn a\- n-em-°n-bn-cp-∂-Xp-t]mse, ssZh-cm-Py-Øns‚ A¥x-kØ, D≈-S°w, hN-\-{]-tLm-j-W-amWv F∂ Xncn-®-dnhv \Ωn¬h¿≤n°pw (cf. a¿t°m. 1:14˛15). ""tbip F∂ hy‡nX-s∂-bmWv ssZh-cmPyw''313 F∂v Hcn-P≥ ]d-bp∂p. {it≤-b-amb Hcp {]tbm-K-amWv CXv. F√m Ime-L-´-ØnepwPohn-°p∂ P\-ßƒ°v I¿Ømhv \nXy-c£ hmKvZm\wsNøp∂p. a\p-jy-Po-hn-X-Øns‚ F√m taJ-e-I-fnepw{InkvXp-hns‚ {]Imiw ]Xn-t°≠Xv F{X Bh-iy-amsW∂v \m-sa√mw Xncn-®-dn-bp∂p: IpSpw_w, hnZym-e-b-ßƒ, kwkv-Imcw, {]h¿Ø\w, hn{iaw, kmaq-lnI Pohn-X-Ønse a‰p apJ-ßƒ, Ch-bn-se√mw B shfn®whoiWw.314 kam-iz-mkØns‚ Hcphm°v ]d-be√ CXv;\ne-hn-ep≈ Ahÿ XInSw adn-°p-Ibpw am\-km-¥-c-Øn\p £Wn-°p-Ibpw sNøp∂ hN\amWv CXv. Bcn-eq-sS-bmtWm ]pXnb Hcp a\p-jy-h¿§w ]qh-Wn-bp-∂Xv

167

B hy‡n-am-bp≈ I≠p-ap-´-en\p hgn-Xp-d-°p∂ hN-\-amWv CXv.

Cu {]tLm-jWw \S-Øm≥ ⁄m\-kv\m\wkzoI-cn® F√m-h¿°pw DØ-c-hm-Zn-Ø-ap≠v

94. ssZh-P\w apgp-h\pw Hcp P\w F∂ \nebv°v

"Ab-bv°-s∏-´-h¿' BWv. AXp-sIm≠v, ""⁄m\-kv\m-

\-Øn-s‚ ASn-ÿm-\-Øn¬ tbip-{In-kvXp-hns‚ A\p-bm-

bn-I-fmb F√m-h¿°pw ssZh-h-N\w {]kw-Kn-°pI-sb∂

ZuXyw Ah¿ \n¿Δ-ln-t°≠ Hcp Npa-X-e-bmbnØo-

cp∂p''315 F∂p kq\-l-tZmkv Hcn-°¬°qSn {]Jym-]n®p.

IqZm-ibneqsS {InkvXp-hns‚ ico-c-Øns‚ ̀ mK-amb Hcp

ss{IkvX-h-hn-izm-kn°pw, Cu DØ-chm-Zn-Øw X\n°p

_m[-I-a√ F∂p Nn¥n-°m≥ Ign-bn√. Hmtcm IpSpw-_-

Ønepw CS-h-I-bnepw kaq-l-Ønepw kwL-S-\-bnepw k -̀

bp-tS-Xmb F√m kwcw-`ßfnepw Cu Ah-t_m[w ho-

≠pw DW¿tØ-≠-Xp≠v. Iq´m-bva-bpsS Hcp Znhy-c-l-ky-

sa∂ \nebv°p k` ]q¿Æ-ambpw ZuXyØns‚ k`bm-

Wv. Hmtcm-cp-Øcpw Ah-\-hs‚ Pohn-Xm-¥- n\v A\p-

tbm-Py-amb coXn-bn¬ {InkvXp-hns\ {]tLm-jn-°p-∂-Xn\v

hy‡-amb, ̂ e-{]-Z-amb, kw`m-h\ \evIm≥ hnfn-°-s∏-

´n-cn-°p∂p.

Xß-fpsS khn-ti-j-amb ZuXyw A\p-k-cn®v, sa{Xm-

∑mcpw sshZn-I-cpamWv hN-\-Øns‚ ip{iq-jbn¬ Xß-

fpsS PohnXw apgp-h≥ hybw sNøm≥ hnfn-°-s∏-´n-cn-°p-

∂-h-cn¬ {]ap-J¿. kphn-tijw {]tLm-jn-°pI, IqZm-i-

Iƒ ]cn-I¿Ωw sNøpI, hnizm-kn-Iƒ°p hip-≤-en-Jn-

X-ßƒ kw_-‘n®v B[n-Im-cn-I-amb Adnhv ]I¿∂p-

sIm-SpØv Ahsc ]cn-io-en-∏n-°pI — CsX√mw sa{Xm-

∑m-cp-sSbpw sshZn-I-cp-sSbpw ZuXy-Øns‚ `mK-amWv.

Xß-fpsS {]tXy-I-Zu-Xy-a-\p-k-cn®p kphn-ti-j-h-XvI-



cWw \n¿Δ-ln-°p-hm≥ Xß-sfbpw hnfn-®n-cn-°p∂p F∂v

Uo°-∑m¿ a\- n-em-°Ww.Xncp-k-̀ -bpsS Ncn-{X-Øn-ep-S-\ofw kphn-tijw kzoI-

cn-®n-́ n-√m-Øh-cpsS CS-bnepw hfsc hnjaw]nSn® kml-N-cy-ßfnepw ssZh-h-N\w {]kw-Kn-°p-Ibpw {]tLm-jn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂-Xn¬ ka¿∏n-X-Po-hnXw \bn-°p-∂-h-cpsS kw`m-h\ hfsc {it≤-b-am-bn-cp∂p. ]pXnb kml-N-cy-ß-tfmSp s]mcp-Ø-s∏-´p-t]m-Ip-hm\pw ssZh-h-N\wê-{]-Z-ambn {]tLm-jn-°p-∂-Xn¬ t\cn-Sp∂ sh√p-hn-fn-Isf A`n-ap-Jo-I-cn-°m≥ ss[cy-]q¿Δw ]pXnb ]mX-I-fn-eqsS apt∂dp-∂-Xn\pw A-h¿ Ft∏mgpw k∂-≤-cm-bn-cp∂p.316

Xß-fpsS {]hmNI ZuXyw \n¿Δ-ln-°p-hm≥ Aevam-bcpw hnfn-°-s∏-ń-cn-°p∂p. Cu ZuXyw Ah¿°v e`n-°p-∂Xv Ah-cpsS ⁄m\-kv\m-\-Øn¬\n∂mWv. Ah¿FhnsSbmbn-cp-∂mepw Xß-fpsS A\p-Zn-\-Po-hn-X-Øn¬kphn-ti-j-Øn\p km£yw hln-°m≥ Ah¿ hnfn-°-s∏-ń -cn -°p∂p. ""kphn-ti-j-h-XvI-c-W-Øn\p \nc-h[nAevamb hnizm-kn-Iƒ, {]tXy-In®pw kv{XoIƒ, \evIp∂tkh-\-Øn\v Atß-b‰w BZ-chpw IrX-⁄-Xbpwt{]m’m-l-\hpw'' kn\Uv ]nXm-°-∑m¿ {]I-Sn-∏n®p. tem-I-sa-ºmSpw Xß-fpsS kaq-l-ß-fn¬ hnim-e-a-\-t mSpw{]Xn-_-≤-X-tbm-Spw-IqSn, Dbn¿∏ns‚ kt¥m-j-Øns‚BZy-km-£n-bmb aKvZ-te-\-a-dn-b-Øns‚ amXrI ]n¥p-S¿∂p-sIm≠v, Ch¿ kphn-ti-j-h-XvI-c-W-Øn-\mbn tkh-\-a-\p-jvTn-°p∂p''317 F∂v ]nXm-°-∑m¿ FSp-Øp-]-d™p.k`m{]ÿm-\-ßfpw ]pXnb kaq-l-ßfpw \ΩpsS Ime-L-´-Øn¬ kphn-ti-jhXvI-c-W-Øn-\p≈ henb Hcpi‡n-bmWv F∂p kn\Uv AwKo-I-cn®p. kphn-tijw{]tLm-jn-°p-∂-Xn\v ]pXnb am¿§-ßƒ hnI-kn-∏n-s®-Sp-°m≥ Ch¿ t{]m’m-l\w \evIp∂p F∂p kn\Uv \μn-]q¿Δw Xncn-®-dn™p.318

169

hnizmkw kzoI--cn-®n-́ n-√m-Ø-h-cpsS CS-bn-ep≈ZuXy-Øns‚ (missio ad gentes) Bh-iy-IX

95. ssZh-h-N\w {]tLm-jn-°p-hm≥ F√m hnizm-kn-I-tfmSpw Bh-iy-s∏-Sp-I-hgn, \ΩpsS Ime-L-´-Ønepwhnizmkw kzoI-cn-®n-´n-√m-Ø-h-tcmSp kphn-tijw -{]-kw-Kn-°pIsb∂ ZuXy-tØmSp \n¿Æm-b-I-amb {]Xn-_-≤X]pe¿tØ-≠-Xns‚ Bh-iy-IX kn\Uv ]nXm-°-∑m¿Bh¿Øn®p {]Jym-]n®p. Ct∏mƒØs∂ {InkvXp-hns‚kphn-tijw Adn-bm-hp-∂-h¿°p am{X-ambn AP-]m-e-\-{]-h¿Ø\w ]cn-an-X-s∏-Sp-Øp-hm≥ Xncp-k-`bv°v Hcn-°-epw Ign-bp-I-bn√. Hcp k`m-k-aq-l-Øns‚ ]Iz-X-bpsShy‡-amb AS-bm-f-amWv hnizm-k-an-√m-Ø-h-cn-te°pwkphn-ti-j-{]-N-cWw hym]n-∏n-°p-∂Xv. ssZh-h-N\w a\p-jy\p c£-\-evIp∂ kXy-am-sW∂pw AXv F√m Ime-L-´-ß-fnepw a\p-jy¿, kv{XoIfpw ]pcp-j-∑mcpw, {ihn-t°-≠-XmWv F∂pw k`m-]n-Xm-°-∑m¿ Xd-∏n®p]d-bp∂p.C°m-c-W-Øm¬ ssZh-h-N\w ]c-ky-ambn {]tLm-jn-°-s∏-tS-≠-Xp≠v. Xncp-k` Acq-]n-bpsS i‡n-bn¬ Cd-ßn-s®∂v Hmtcm hy‡n-tb-bpw ImWWw, kwkm-cn-°Ww(1 sImdn. 2:5). Aßs\ ssZh-h-N\w tIƒ°p-∂-Xn\pP\-ßƒ°p≈ Ah-Im-ihpw kzmX-{¥yhpw {]hm-N-I-co-Xn-bn¬ kwc-£n-°pIsb∂ ISa k` XpS¿∂pw \nd-th-‰Ww. AtXka-bw-Xs∂, ]oU\w t\cn-tS-≠n-h-∂m¬t∏m-epw hN\w ̂ e-{]-Z-ambn {]tLm-jn-°p-∂-Xn-\p≈ G‰w\√ am¿§-ßƒ \nc-¥cw At\z-jn-°p-IbpwthWw.319 c-£-\-evIp∂ hN\w Hmtcm a\p-jy-t\mSpw {]tLm-jn-°p-∂Xv Xs‚ IS-a-bmsW∂v k` Icp-Xp∂p (cf. tdmam 1:14).{]tLm-j-Whpw \hkphn-ti-j-h-XvI-c-Whpw

96. t]mƒ Bdm-a≥ am¿]m∏ "Chm-t©-enbn \p≥kn-bm¥n' F∂ A∏-kvtXm-enI DZvt_m-[-\-Øn¬ ]d™{]h-N-\-Xp-ey-amb hm°p-Iƒ A\p-kva-cn-®p-sIm≠v



tPm¨ t]mƒ c≠m-a≥ am¿]m∏ ssZh-P-\-Øn\p apgp-h\pw ]pXnb Hcp kphn-tij {]N-c-W-Imew D≠m-IWwF∂v hnizm-kn-Isf hnhn[ coXn-I-fn¬ Hm¿Ωn-∏n®p.320

aq∂mw kl-{km-_vZ-Øns‚ XpS-°-Øn¬ C\nbpw kphn-ti-j-sØ-∏‰n tIń-ń-√mØ [mcmfw Bfp-I-fps≠∂pam{X-a√; ssZh-h-N\w Hcn-°¬°qSn ê-{]-Z-amb coXn-bn¬ {]tLmjn®v tIƒt°≠ ss{IkvX-hcpw [mcm-f-ap≠v. Cu {]tLm-j-W-Øn-eqsS-thWw kphn-ti-j-Øns‚ i‡n Ah¿°v hy‡n-]-c-ambn A\p-`-h-s∏-Sm≥.\ΩpsS ktlm-Z-co-k-tlm-Z-c-∑m-cn¬ At\-Iw-t]¿""⁄m\-kv\m\w kzoI-cn-®n´p≠v. F∂m¬ Ah¿ th≠-{X kphn-ti-j-h-XvI-cWw t\Sn-bn-ń√.''321 Hcp ImeØvhnizm-k-k-º-∂-am-bn-cp-∂Xpw [mcmfw ssZh-hn-fn-I-fp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p-Xp-amb cmPy-ßƒ°v atX-X-c-kw-kvIm-c-Øns‚kzm[o-\-Øn¬s∏´v Ah-bpsS A\-\y-amb hy‡nXzw\jvS-am-bn-s°m-≠n-cn-°p∂p.322 Fs‚ hμy-\mb ap≥KmanlrZ-b-Øns‚ Bg-Øn¬ a\- n-em-°nb H∂mWv Hcp]pXnb kphn-ti-j-h-XvI-c-W-Øns‚ Bhiyw. ssZh-h-N\w ̂ e-Zm-b-I-amsW∂v Dd®phniz-kn-®p-sIm≠v ]pXnbkphn-ti-j-h-XvI-c-W-Øns‚ Bhiyw [oc-ambn ho≠pw{]Jym-]nt°≠n-bn-cn-°p∂p. I¿Øm-hns‚ hniz-kvX-X-bn¬ k` Dd®p hniz-kn-°p∂p. AXp-sIm≠v kphn-ti-j-Ønse kZvhm¿Ø {]tLm-jn-°p-∂-Xn¬\n∂pw,{InkvXp-hns\ A\p-K-an-°p-∂Xv F{X BI¿j-Wo-b-am-sW∂v ho≠pw Is≠-Øp-∂-Xn\v ss{IkvX-hsc £Wn-°p-∂-Xn¬\n∂pw k` Hcn-°epw £oWn®v ]n≥hm-ßp-I-bn√.

ssZh-h-N-\hpw ss{IkvX-h-km-£yhpw

97. k`-bpsS ZuXy-Øns‚ N{I-hm-f-ßƒ AXn-hn-im-e-amWv. C∂sØ kml-Ncyw hfsc k¶o¿Æ-hpw. CuhkvXp-X-Iƒ IW-°n-se-Sp-Øp-sIm≠v ssZh-h-N\w ̂ e-

171

{]-Z-amb coXn-bn¬ At\Isc Adn-bn-°p-∂-Xn\v ]pXnbam¿§-ßƒ kzoI-cn-t°-≠n-bn-cn-°p∂p. F√m kphn-ti-j-h-XvI-c-W-Øn-sebpw {][m\ IYm-]p-cp-j-\mb ]cn-ip-≤m-cq]n k`-bpsS Cu {]h¿Ø-\-Øn¬ Ahƒ°p th≠am¿§-\n¿t±iw H-cn-°epw \evIm-Xn-cn-°p-I-bn√. F¶nepwssZh-h-N\w {]N-cn-∏n-°p-∂Xpw ss{IkvX-h-km-£yhpwXΩn-ep≈ B¥-cn-I-amb _‘w GXp-cq-]-Øn-ep≈kphn-ti-j-{]-tLm-j-W-Ønepw Hm¿Ωn-t°≠ kp{]-[m-\-amb Hcp hkvXp-X-bmWv. \ΩpsS {]tLm-j-W-Øns‚hnizk\obX Xs∂ CXn-s\-bmWv B{i-bn-®n-cn-°p-∂Xv.I¿Ømhv \tΩmSv ]d-™n-´p≈ F√m Imcy-ßfpw kphn-ti-j-{]-tLm-j-W-Øn-eqsS a‰p-≈-hsc Adn-bn-°Ww;CXv Hcp hiw. adp-h-iØv km£y-Øn-eqsS Cu hN-\sØ hniz-k-\o-b-am-°p-∂Xpw A\n-hm-cy-amWv. As√-¶n¬ kphn-tijw BI¿j-Wo-b-amb Hcp Z¿i-\-amtbm"A{]m-]y-amb Hcp ]dp-Zok' Btbm Bfp-Iƒ°v tXm-∂pw. Pohn-X-Øn¬ ]I¿Øm-hp-∂Xpw Poh≥ \evIp-∂-Xp-amb Hcp bmYm¿∞y-ambn P\w kphn-ti-jsØ AwKo-I-cn-°msX hcpw. ssZh-h-N-\hpw km£yhpw XΩn-ep≈]mc-kv]cyw ssZhw a\p-jym-h-Xmcw sNbvX hN-\-Øn-eqsS kzbw shfn-s∏-Sp-Øn-bXns\ {]Xn-̂ -en-∏n-°p-∂p≠v.""hN-\sØ kPo-hhpw h¿Ø-am-\-Im-e-Øn-t‚-Xp-am-°p∂km£n-Isf I≠p-ap-´p-∂-Xp-h-gn-bmWv''323 ssZh-h-N\wa\p-jy-cn¬ FØp-∂Xv. ""apXn¿∂-h-cpsS B[n-Im-cn-I-ambkm£y-Øn-eq-sSbpw Ahsc I≠p-ap-´p-I-h-gnbpw bph-P-\-ßsf ssZh-hp-ambn ]cn-N-b-s∏-Sp-ØpI F∂XvAhiyw \S-t°≠ Hcp kwK-Xn-bmWv. kvt\ln-X-∑m-cpsS{Inbm-fl-I-amb kzm[o-\hpw k`m-k-aq-l-Øns‚ al-Ømb Iq´m-bvabpw hgn''324 bph-P-\-ßƒ°v ssZh-h-N-\sØ I≠p-ap-´m≥ Ign-bWw.

ssZh-h-N\w AXn-\p-Xs∂ \evIp∂ km£y-amWvhnip≤enJn-X-ßƒ. Cu km£yhpw hnizm-kn-Iƒ Xß-



fpsS Pohn-X-Øn-eqsS \evIp∂ km£yhpw ]c-kv]cw_‘-s∏-´n-cn°pw. H∂v as‰m∂ns\ kqNn-∏n-°p-IbpwAXn-te°v \bn-°p-Ibpw sNøp∂p. hnip≤enJn-X-ß-fn¬ km£y-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-́ p≈ hN\w a‰p-≈-h¿°v FØn-®p-sIm-Sp-°p-I-bmWv ss{IkvX-h-km£yw sNøp-∂Xv.Xß-fpsS PohnXwhgn a‰p-≈-h¿°v GXp km£yw \evIm-\mtWm ss{IkvX-h¿ hnfn-°-s∏-́ n-cn-°p-∂Xv B km£ywhnip≤enJn-X-ßƒ hni-Z-am-°p∂p. Aßs\ kphn-ti-j-Øns‚ hniz-k-\o-b-cmb km£n-Isf Is≠-Øp-∂-h¿ssZh-h-N\w kzoI-cn-°p-∂-h-cn¬ B hN\w F{X ^e-{]-Z-amWv F∂v a\- n-em-°m≥ CS-bm-Ip∂p.

98. km£yhpw hN-\hpw XΩn-ep≈ Cu ]c-kv]-c-{]-h¿Ø-\-sØ kw_-‘n®v "Ch-t©-eobn \p¨kn-bm¥n'F∂ A∏-kvtXm-enI DZvt_m-[-\-Øn¬ t]mƒ Bdm-a≥am¿]m∏ ]d-bp-∂Xv a\- n-em-°m≥ \ap°v Ignbpw.\ap°v s]mXp-hmb aqey-ß-fps≠∂v temI-Øn\v Nq≠n-°m-Wn-°p-∂-Xn¬ HXp-ßn-\n-ev°p-∂-X√ \ΩpsS DØ-c-hm-ZnØw. ssZh-h-N\w {]Xy-£-ambn {]tLm-jn-°p∂Hcp kao-]-\-Øn¬ \mw FØn-t®-tc-≠-Xp≠v. F¶n¬am{Xta {InkvXp-hns‚ Iev]\ A\p-k-cn-°p-∂-Xn¬ \mwhniz-kvXX ImWn-°p-∂p≈q. ""Pohn-X-km£ywhgn {]-tLm-jn-°-s∏-Sp∂ kZvhm¿Ø, DSs\ Xs∂tbm kmhIm-itam, Pohs‚ hN\w hgn-Xs∂ {]tLm-jn-°-s∏-tS-≠-Xp≠v. ssZh-]p-{X-\mb \{km-b≥ tbip-hns‚ t]cpw {]-t_m-[-\hpw Pohn-Xhpw hmKvZm-\-ßfpw ssZh-cm-PyhpwZnhy-c-l-kyhpw {]tLm-jn-°s∏Sp-∂n-s√-¶n¬ bYm¿∞-Øn-ep≈ kphn-ti-j-h-XvI-cWw \S-°p-∂n√.''325

ssZh-h-N\w {]tLm-jn-°p-∂-Xn\v Pohn-X-Øn-eq-sS-bp≈ km£yw Bh-iy-amsW∂ hkvXpX BZn-a-Im-ew-sXmt´ ss{IkvXh Ah-t_m-[-Øn¬ \ne-\n-∂n-cp∂p.{InkvXp-X-s∂-bmWv hniz-kvX-\mb bYm¿∞-km£n (cf.A∏. 1:5; 3:14). Ahn-Sp-∂mWv kXy-Øn\v km£yw hln-

173

°p-∂Xv (cf. tbml. 18:37). kn\Uv ktΩ-f-\-Øn¬ tIƒ-°m≥ Rßƒ°v ̀ mKyw D≠mb \nc-h[n km£y-ß-fpsS{]Xn-[z\n \nß-fpsS ap≥]n¬ hbv°m≥ Rm\m-{K-ln-°p∂p. ss{IkvX-h-a-X-tØmSv i{XpX ]pe¿Øp∂ `c-W-IqS-ßƒ \ne-\n-ev°p-∂n-SØpw aX-]o-U-\-Øns‚kml-N-cy-ß-fnepw, Xß-fpsS hnizm-k-a-\p-k-cn®v Pohn-°p-Ibpw kphn-ti-j-Øn\v hfsc {it≤-b-amb km£ywhln-°p-Ibpw sNbvX hnizm-kn-I-fpsS IY-Iƒ tI´vRßƒ Bg-ta-dnb hnIm-c-ßƒ°v hnt[-b-cmbn.

Chsbm∂pw \sΩ ̀ b-s∏-Sp-Ø-cpXv. tbipXs∂ Xs‚injy-∑m-tcmSp ]d™p. ""Zmk≥ bP-am-\-t\-°mƒ hen-b-h-\√, Ah¿ Fs∂ ]oUn-∏n-®p-sh-¶n¬ \nß-tfbpw]oUn-∏n°pw'' (cf. tbml. 15:20). AXp-sIm≠v k` apgp-h-t\m-Sp-sam∏w, Ipcn-in¬ acn-°p-Ibpw Dbn¿sØ-gp-t∂-ev°p-Ibpw sNbvX {InkvXp-hn¬ shfn-s∏-Sp-Ønb ssZh-kvt\-l-Øns‚ bmYm¿∞yw a‰p-≈-h¿°v a\- n-em-°n-s°m-Sp-°p-hm≥ \ΩpsS Ime-L-́ -Øn¬Øs∂ kz¥wPoh≥ shSn™ \ΩpsS At\Iw hniz-kvX-cmb ktlm-Z-co-k-tlm-Z-c-∑m-cpsS km£y-Øn\v ssZh-Øn≥-ap≥]m-sI D®-Øn¬ Hcp kvXpXn-KoXw Be-]n-°p-hm≥ Rm\m-{K-ln-°p∂p. {]Xn-_-‘-ßƒ D≠m-bn´pw kphn-ti-j-Øn-\p-th≠n ]oU-\-ßƒ kln-t°-≠n-h-∂n´pw hnizm-kvX-X-tbmsS \ne-sIm≠ B ss{IkvX-h-tcmSv apgp-h≥ k`-bv°p-ap≈ IrX-⁄X {]I-Sn-∏n-°p-hm\pw Rm\m-{K-ln-°p∂p. Xß-fpsS hnizmkw ImcWw Poh-lm\n `b-s∏-Sp-∂-hcpw kaq-l-Øn¬\n∂v ]pdw-X-≈-s∏-´-h-cp-ambss{IkvX-h-k-aq-l-ßsf, {]tXy-In®pw Gjy-bnepwB{^n-°-bn-ep-ap≈ ss{IkvXhkaq-l-ß-fnse hnizm-kn-Isf, Bg-ta-dnb ktlm-Z-c-kvt\-l-tØm-Sp-IqSn \mwBt«-jn-°p∂p. Chn-sS-bmWv kphn-ti-j-Øns‚bYm¿∞ Acq-]nsb \mw I≠p-ap-´p-∂Xv. I¿Øm-hmbtbip-hn-\p-th≠n ]oUn-∏n-°-s∏-Sp-∂-h¿ `mKy-hm-∑m¿



F∂v DZvtLm-jn-°p-∂Xpw B Acq-]n-bmWv (cf. aØm.5:11). Cßs\ \ΩpsS ktlm-Z-c-ßsf A\p-kva-cn-°p-tºmƒ, hnhn[ cmjv{S-ß-fpsS `c-W-Iq-S-ß-tfmSv F√m-h¿°pw aX-kzm-X-{¥yhpw a\-km-£n-kzm-X-{¥yhpw Dd-∏p-h-cp -Øm≥ Rßƒ Bh-iy-s∏-Sp∂p. Xß-fpsShnizmkw ]c-ky-ambn {]I-Sn-∏n-°p-hm-\p≈ km[y-Xbpw`c-W-Iq-S-ßƒ F√m-h¿°pw Dd-∏p-h-cp-ØWw.326

ssZh-h-N-\hpwtemI-Ønse {]Xn-_-≤-Xbpw

""G‰hpw Ffn-b-h-cmb Ahn-SpsØ ktlm-Z-c-ß-fn¬'' tbip-hn\v sNøp∂ ip{iqj (a-Øm. 25:40)

99. ssZh-h-N\w a\p-jys‚ AkvXn-Xz-Øn-t∑¬{]Imiw sNmcn-bp-Ibpw \ΩpsS Pohn-XsØ Ipsd-°qSnBg-Øn¬ t\m°n-°m-Wp-∂-Xn\p \ΩpsS a\x-km-£nsbhnfn-®p-W¿Øp-Ibpw sNøp-∂p. a\p-jy-N-cn-{Xw apgp-h\pwssZhØns‚ hn[nbpsS Iognem-sW∂v a\- n-em-°p-tºm-gmWv Cu Ah-t_m-[-Øns‚ Bhiyw hy‡-am-Ip-∂-Xv:""a\p-jy-]p-{X≥ kIe amem-J-am-cp-samØv Xs‚ alØz-Øn¬ Fgp∂≈n Xs‚ aln-a-bpsS knwlm-k-\-Øn¬D]-hn-jvS-\m-Ipw. Ahs‚ apºn¬ F√m P\-X-Ifpw Hcpan-®p-Iq-́ s∏Spw'' (a-Øm. 25:31-̨ 32). IS-∂p-t]m-Ip∂ Cu \nan-j-Øns‚ {]m[m-\y-sØ-∏‰n Cu Ime-L-´-Øn¬ hfscD]-cn-π-h-amb coXn-bnte Nn¥n-°m-dp-≈q. `mhnsb Cu\nanjw bmsXm-cp-hn-[-Ønepw kv]¿in-°n-s√∂ a´n-emWv\mw s]cp-am-dp-∂-Xv. F∂m¬ kphn-tijw \sΩ ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂Xv \ΩpsS Pohn-X-Øns‚ Hmtcm \nan-jhpw{]m[m\yw A¿ln-°p-∂p, kzPohn-X-sØ-∏‰n Hmtcm-cp-Ø¿°pw IW°v t_m[n-∏n-t°-≠n-hcpw F∂p Xncn-®-dn™v B \nan-j-ß-f-{Xbpw Xo{h-am-bn, Xo£vW-X-tbm-

175

sS, Pohn-°Ww F∂m-Wv. aØm-bn-bpsS kphn-tijw Ccp-]-Ø©mw A≤ym-b-Øn¬ ""tbip-hns‚ G‰w Ffn-b-h-cmb ktlm-Z-c-ß-tfmSv'' \mw F¥p sNbvXp, F¥vsNbvXn-√, F∂v a\p-jy-]p-{X≥ ]cn-tim-[n-°p∂p (cf. a-Øm. 25:40,45); Ah-tcmSv sNbvXXv Xt∂mSv sNbvX-XmbpwAh-tcmSv sNøm-ØXv Xt∂mSv sNøm-ØXmbpw Ahn-Sp∂p Icp-Xp-∂p. ""F\n°v hni-∂p, \nßƒ ̀ £n-°p-hm≥X∂p. F\n°v Zmln-®p, \nßƒ IpSn°phm≥ X∂p. Rm≥]c-tZ-in-bm-bn-cp∂p \nßƒ Fs∂ kzoI-cn-®p. Rm≥ \·-\m-bn-cp∂p \nßƒ Fs∂ DSp-∏n-®p. Rm≥ tcmKn-bm-bn-cp-∂p, \nßƒ Fs∂ kμ¿in-®p. Rm≥ Imcm-Kr-l-Øn-em-bn-cp-∂p, \nßƒ Fs∂ h∂p-I≠p'' (a-Øm. 25:35,36).\mw temI-hp-ambn CS-s]-S-W-sa∂pw Ncn-{X-Øns‚ \mY-\mb {InkvXp-hns‚ apºn¬ \ap°v DØ-c-hm-Zn-Ø-ap-s≠∂pw ssZh-h-N\w Xs∂ Du∂n-∏-d-bp-∂p. kphn-tijw {]tLm-jn-°p-∂tXm-sSm∏w \∑ sNøm\pw\oXn°pw A\p-c-RvP-\-Øn\pw kam-[m-\-Øn-\pw-th≠n{]Xn-_-≤-X-tbmsS {]h¿Øn-°m\pw \ap°v ]c-kv]cwt{]m’m-ln-∏n-°mw.

ssZh-h-N-\hpw kaq-l-Øn¬ \oXn-tbm-Sp≈{]Xn-_-≤-Xbpw

100. kXy-k-‘-X-bnepw \oXn-bnepw am\p-jnI _‘-ßƒ ]Sp-Øp-b¿Øphm\pw ssZh-Øns‚ Zr„n-bn¬ Iptd-°qSn \oXn-\n-jvThpw hmk-tbm-Ky-hp-amb Hcp temIwkr„n-°m-\p-ap≈ GsXmcp {iahpw F{X hne-s∏-´-Xm-sW-∂-Xn\v km£yw hln-°p-∂-Xn\pw ssZh-hN\w P\-ßƒ°v {]tNm-Z\w \¬Ip-∂p.327 ssZh-h-N\wXs∂hfsc hy‡-ambn A\o-Xn-Isf X≈n-∏-d-bp-Ibpw Iq´m-bvabpw ka-Xzhpw t{]m’m-ln-∏n-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂p.328

I¿Øm-hns‚ hm°p-I-fpsS shfn-®-Øn¬, Ncn-{X-Øn¬ImW-s∏-Sp∂ ""Ime-Øns‚ AS-bm-f-ß-sf'' \ap°v Xncn-



®-dn-bmw. thZ-\n-°p-∂-h-tcmSpw hnhn[ coXn-bn-ep≈kzm¿∞-X-bpsS _en-bm-Sp-I-tfmSpw {]Xn-_-≤X ]men-°p-∂-Xn¬\n∂pw Hfn-t®m-Sm-Xn-cn-°mw. \oXn-tbm-Spw CutemIØv ]cn-h¿Ø\w hcp-Øp∂Xn-\pap≈ {]Xn-_-≤-X kphn-ti-j-h-XvI-c-W-Øns‚ Hcp Ah-iy-L-S-I-amsW∂v kn\Uv A\p-kva-cn-®p. t]mƒ Bdm-a≥ am¿]m-∏-bpsS hm°p-I-fn¬ ]d-™m¬, ""ssZh-h-N-\-Øn\v \nc-°m-ØXpw \nXy-c-£-bv°m-bp≈ ssZh-Øns‚ kwhn-[m-\-Øn\v hncp-≤-am-bn-´p-≈-Xp-amb am\-Z-WvU-ß-sfbpw(Imcy-ßsf hn[n-°p-∂-Xn-\p≈ am\-Z-WvU-ßƒ) XmXv]-cy-ß-sfbpw Nn¥m-K-Xn-tbbpw {]tNm-Z-\-Øns‚ t{kmX- p-I-sfbpw PohnXssien-tbbpw kphn-ti-Øns‚ i‡n{]tbm-Kn®v ]cm-P-b-s∏-Sp-Ø-Ww.''329

Cu Imc-W-Øm¬ cm{„o-b-˛-km-aq-lnI Pohn-X-Øn¬]s¶-Sp-°p∂ F√m-h-tcmSpw {]tXy-In®v Hcp Imcyw ]d-bp-hm≥ kn\Uv ]nXm-°-∑m¿ B{K-ln-®p. Hmtcm hy‡n-bp-sSbpw A¥- n-t\mSv BZ-chv ]pe¿Øp-∂-Xn\pw BA¥ v hf¿Øp-∂-Xn\pw Aßs\ bYm¿∞-Øn-ep≈s]mXp\∑-bv°mbn Ah¿ ]cn-{i-an-°p-tºmƒ; Cu temI-Ønse Ah-cpsS {]h¿Ø-\-ßƒ°v kphn-ti-j-h-XvI-c-Whpw ssZh-h-N\Øns‚ {]N-cWhpw {]tNm-Z-\-am-bn-cn-t°-≠-Xm-Wv. Iptd-°qSn \oXn-\n-jvT-amb Hcp kaqlwkr„n-°p-I-sb-∂Xv {]Xy-£-Øn¬ Xncp-k-`-bpsS Npa-X-e-b-√. hy‡n-I-fp-sSbpw P\-X-I-fp-sSbpw \∑-bp-ambn_‘-s∏´ kZm-Nm-c-]-c-amb {]iv\-ß-fn¬ CS-s]-Sm≥k`bv°v Ah-Im-i-ap≠v, Npa-X-ebpw D≠v. F∂m¬ kaq-lsØ \oXn-\n-jvT-am-°p-I-sb-∂Xv {][m-\-ambpwAevamb hnizm-kn-IfpsS Npa-X-e-bm-Wv. kphn-ti-j-]m-T-ßƒ Dƒs°m-≠n-́ p≈ Aevamb hnizm-kn-I-fpsS, cm{„o-bhpw kmaq-ln-I-hp-amb {]h¿Ø-\-ß-fn¬ t\cn´v CS-s]-Sp∂ Aevamb hnizm-kn-I-fp-sS, Npa-X-e-bmWv CXv.C°m-c-W-Øm¬ k -̀bpsS kmaq-lnI {]t_m-[-\-Øns‚

177

XØz-ß-fn¬ A\p-tbm-Py-amb ]cn-io-e\w Ah¿°v\¬IWw F∂v kn\Uv ip]m¿i sNøp-∂p.330

101. {]IrXn \nb-a-Øns‚ ASn-ÿm-\-Øn¬ Hmtcmhy‡n-°p-ap≈ a\p-jym-h-Im-i-ßƒ kwc-£n-°p-∂-Xnt‚bpw t{]m’m-ln-∏n-°p-∂-Xn-t‚bpw {]m[m-\y-Øn-te°v F√m-hcpw {i≤-Xn-cn-°Ww F∂v Blzm\wsNøm≥ Rm≥ B{K-ln-°p-∂p. a\p-jy-lr-Z-b-Øn¬ Fgp-X-s∏-´n-´p-≈-XmWv {]Ir-Xn-\n-b-aw. ""CXv km¿Δ-eu-In-Ihpw Aew-L-\o-bhpw A\ym-[o-\-s∏-Sp-Øm≥ BIm-Ø-Xp-am-Wv.''331 Cu a\p-jym-h-Im-i-ßƒ AwKo-I-cn-°p-I-hgnhy‡n-I-fpsS A¥ v Iptd-°qSn ̂ e-{]-Z-amb coXn-bn¬Xncn-®-dn-b-s∏-Sp-sa∂pw AXv temI-sa-ºmSpw t{]m’m-ln-°-s∏-Sp-sa∂pw Xncp-k` {]Xym-in-°p-∂p.332 tbip-{In-kvXp-hns‚ a\p-jym-h-Xm-c-Ønepw ac-W-Ønepw ]p\-cp-∞m-\-Øn-epw-IqSn hos≠-Sp-°-s∏-´Xpw Db¿Ø-s∏-´-Xp-ambXs‚ kr„n-bp-sS-ta¬ {k„mhv ]Xn-®n-´p≈ Xncn-®-dnhvNn”-amWv Cu am\y-X. ssZh-h-N-\-Øns‚ {]NmcwHmtcm hy‡n-bp-sSbpw a\p-jym-h-Im-i-ßsf Xncn-®-dn-bp-∂Xpw BZ-cn-°p-∂Xpw i‡n-s∏-Sp-Øm-Xn-cn-°n-√.333

ssZh-h-N\ {]tLm-j-Whpw P\-X-Iƒ°n-S-bnse A\p-c-RvP-\hpw kam-[m-\hpw

102. {]Xn-_-≤X {]I-S-am-t°≠ taJ-e-Iƒ At\-I-ap-≠v. Ch-bn¬ kn\Uv Xo{h-ambn B{K-ln-°p∂ H∂mWvA\p-c-RvP-\-Øn-t‚bpw kam-[m-\-Øn-t‚bpw t{]m’m-l-\w. C∂sØ kml-N-cy-Øn¬ A\p-c-RvP-\-Øn-s‚bpwkam-[m-\-Øn-s‚bpw Hcp t{kmX- mbn ssZh-h-N-\sØho≠pw Is≠-Øp-I-sb-∂Xv F∂-tØ-°mfpw IqSp-X¬Bh-iy-am-bn-Øo¿∂n-cn-°p-∂p. Imc-Ww, B hN-\-Øn¬F√m-‰n-t\bpw ssZhw Xt∂mSv A\p-c-RvP-\-s∏-Sp-Øp∂p(cf. 2 tImdn. 5:18-̨ 20; Ft^. 1:10). {InkvXp-hmWv ""\ΩpsSkam-[m\w''(F-t^. 2:14); hn`-P-\-Øns‚ aXn-ep-IƒXI¿°p-∂Xv Ahn-Sp-∂mWv . \ΩpsS ̀ qtKm-f-Øn¬ \ne-



\n¬°p∂ A{I-aw-\n-d™ kwL-´-\-ß-sf-∏-‰nbpwkwL¿j-ß-sf-∏-‰nbpw kn\Un¬ ]ecpw A`n-{]m-b-{]-I-S\w \S-Øn-bn-´p-≠v. Nne-t∏mƒ Cu kwL-´-\-ßƒhnhn[ aX-hn-izm-kn-Iƒ XΩn-ep≈ kwL-́ -\-ambn ImW-s∏-Sp-∂p. aX-hn-izm-k-Øn\v Hcn-°epw Ak-ln-jvWp-X-tbbpw bp≤-tØbpw \ymbo-I-cn-°m≥ BIn-s√∂v Hcn-°¬°qSn Dds° {]Jym-]n-°p-hm≥ Rm≥ B{K-ln-°p-∂p. ssZh-Øns‚ \ma-Øn¬ \ap°v sIme-]m-XIw \S-Øm≥ Ign-bn√!334 F√m aX-ßfpw bp‡n-Nn-¥-bpsS icn-bmb {]tbmKw t{]m’m-ln-∏n-°-Ww. kmaq-lnI kl-h¿ØnXzw Dd-∏p-h-cp-Øp∂ kZm-Nm-c-aq-ey-ßsf t{]m’m-ln-∏n-°p-Ibpw thWw.

{Iqin-°-s∏-Sp-Ibpw Dbn¿sØ-gp-t∂¬°p-IbpwsNbvX tbip-{In-kvXp-hn¬ ssZhw \n¿Δ-ln® A\p-c-RvP-\-{]-{In-b-tbmSv hniz-kvXX ]pe¿Øn-s°m≠v, ItØm-en-°-cmb P\-ßfpw, k∑- p≈ F√m a\p-jycpw, \oXn-\n-jvThpw kam-[m-\-Øn¬ Ign-bp-∂-Xp-amb Hcp kaqlw]Wn-Xp-b¿Øp-∂-Xn-\p-th≠n A\p-c-RvP-\-Øns‚ HcpamXr-I-bm-Im≥ Xß-sf-Øs∂ ka¿∏n-°-Ww.335 ""A{I-ahpw Bbp-[-ßfpw sImSn-Ip-Øn-hm-gp-∂n-SØv a\p-jys‚hm°p-Iƒ°v i‡n-bn-√m-Xm-bn-Øo-cp-∂p. F∂m¬At∏mgpw {]h-N-\-i-‡n-bp≈ ssZh-h-N\w Dd-®p\n¬°p-∂p. kam-[m\w km[y-am-sW∂v AXv \sΩ Hm¿Ωn-∏n-°p-∂p. \mw A\p-c-RvP-\-Øn-t‚bpw kam-[m-\-Øn-t‚bpwD]-I-c-W-ß-fm-I-W-sa∂v AXv \sΩ A\p-kva-cn-∏n-°p-∂Xv \mw Ft∏mgpw Hm¿t°-≠-Xm-Wv.''336

ssZh-h-N-\hpw {]mtbm-KnIamb ]c-kvt\-lhpw

103. \oXn-tbmSpw A\p-c-RvP-\-tØmSpw kam-[m-\-tØmSpw Im´p∂ {]Xn-_-≤-X-bpsS BXy-¥n-I-amb ASn-Ø-dbpw ]q¿Øo-I-c-Whpw {InkvXp-hn¬ \tΩmSv shfn-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-´p≈ kvt\l-Øn-emWv. kn\-Un-\n-Sbv°v\¬I-s∏´ km£y-ßƒ tI´-t∏mƒ kvt\l-\n¿`-c-amb

179

lrZ-b-tØmsS ssZh-h-N\w {ihn-°p-∂-Xpw. \ΩpsSktlm-Z-co-k-tlm-Z-c-∑m¿ \S-Øp∂ \nkzm¿∞-amb tkh-\hpw XΩn-ep≈ _‘w IqSp-X¬ hy‡-ambn Rßƒa\- n-em-°n. ""\mw tIƒ°p∂ hN\w, kvt\lw hy‡-am-°p∂ {]hr-Øn-I-fmbn amt‰-≠-Xns‚ Bh-iy-IXF√m hnizm-kn-Ifpw a\- n-em-°-Ww. Imc-Ww, kphn-ti-j-{]-tLm-j-W-Øn\v hnizm-kyX D≠m-Im≥ Cu Hcpam¿§ta D≈q. hy‡n-I-sf∂ \ne-bn¬ am\p-jn-I-amb_e-lo-\X Ds≠-¶n¬°qSn At∏mƒ kphn-ti-j-{]-tLm-j-W-Øn\v hnizm-kyX D≠m-Ipw.''337 \∑ sNbvXpsIm≠vtbip Cu temI-Øn-eqsS IS-∂p-t]mbn (cf. A-∏. 10:38).Xncp-k-̀ -bn¬ icn-bmb at\m-̀ m-h-tØm-Sp-IqSn ssZh-h-N\w{ihn°p-tºmƒ, t{imXm-°-fn¬, ""F√m-h-tcm-Spw, {]tXy-In-®pw, km[p-°-tfmSv A\p-I-ºbpw \oXn-t_m-[hpw DW-cpw.''338 kvt\lw (caritas) F∂pw XnI®pw \oXn-\n-jvT-amb kaq-l-Øn¬t∏mepw Bh-iy-am-bn-cn°pw F∂hkvXpX \mw Hcn-°epw hnkva-cn-°-cpXv. kvt\lsØHgn-hm-°m≥ Bsc-¶nepw {ian-®m¬ Abm-fpsS {iaw a\p-jy-s\-Øs∂ Hgn-hm-°m-\m-bn-cn-°pw.''339 AXp-sIm≠v]utemkv At∏m-kvX-es‚ kvt\l-sØ-∏-‰n-bp≈kvXpXn-KoXw IqsS-°qsS [ym\-hn-j-b-am-°m≥ hnizm-kn-Isf Rm≥ DZvt_m-[n-∏n-°p-∂p: ""kvt\lw Zo¿L-£-abpwZbbpw D≈-XmWv; kvt\lw Akq-b-s∏-Sp-∂n√; Bfl-{]-iwk sNøp-∂n-√, Al-¶-cn-°p-∂n-√. kvt\lw A\p-Nn-X-ambn s]cp-am-dp-∂n-√. kzm¿∞w At\z-jn-°p-∂n-√;tIm]n-°p-∂n-√, hntZzjw ]pe¿Øp-∂n-√. AXv A\o-Xn-bn¬ kt¥m-jn-°p-∂n-√. kXy-Øn¬ BÀmZw sIm≈p-∂p. kvt\lw kI-eXpw kln-°p-∂p, kI-eXpw hniz-kn-°p-∂p, kI-eXpw {]Xym-in-°p-∂p, kI-e-tØbpwAXn-Po-hn-°p-∂p. kvt\lw Hcn-°epw Ah-km-\n-°p-∂n-√'' (1 tImdn. 13:4˛8).

hy‡n-sb∂-\n-e-bnepw Hcp k`m-k-aq-l-sa-∂-\n-e-



bnepw {]mtZ-in-I-ambpw km¿Δ-{Xn-I-ambpw \mw Ft∏mgpwssZh-kvt\-l-Øn¬ A[n-jvTn-X-amb Ab¬°m-c-t\m-Sp≈ kvt\l-tØmSv {]Xn-_-≤X ]pe¿ØWw. hnip≤BK-kvXn-t\mkv ]d-bp-∂p: ""\nb-a-Øns‚ AXp-t]m-se-Xs∂ k¿Δ hnip-≤-en-Jn-X-ß-fp-sSbpw ]q¿Øo-I-c-W-amWv kvt\l-sa∂v a\- n-em-°pI ASn-ÿm-\-]-c-ambkwK-Xn-bm-Wv. ssZh-tØmSpw Ab-ev°m-c-t\m-Sp-ap≈ CuZznapJ kvt\l-Øn¬ hf-cm≥ ITn-\-ambn {]b-Xv\n-°m-Ø-h≥ X\n°v hnip-≤-en-Jn-X-ßƒ a\- n-em-bn-´p-≠v,As√-¶n¬ hnip-≤-en-Jn-X-ßƒ GsX-¶nepw ̀ mK-ßƒ a\- n-em-bn-́ p-s≠∂v Ah-Im-i-s∏-́ m¬ Abmƒ C\nbpw Ah-sbm∂pw a\- n-em-°n-bn-´n-s√∂p hy‡w.''340

ssZh-h-N\ {]tLm-j-Whpw bph-P-\-ßfpw

104. bph-X-e-ap-d-tbmSv ssZh-h-N\w {]tLm-jn-°p-∂-Xn¬ kn\Uv {]tXy-I-{i≤ sNep-Øn. bph-P-\-ßƒCt∏mƒØs∂ k -̀bpsS kPoh AwK-ß-fm-Wv. k -̀bpsS`mhnsb {]Xn-\n-[o-I-cn-°p-∂-h-cmWv Ah¿. ]e-t∏mgpwssZh-h-N\w tIƒ°p-∂-Xn¬ ]c-t{]-c-W-Iq-Sm-sX-bp≈Hcp Xpd∂ a\ v Ah¿ {]I-S-am-°p-∂p-≠v. tbip-hns\Adn-bm-\p-ff Bflm¿∞-amb B{K-lhpw Ah¿ ImWn--°p-∂p-≠v. Pohn-X-Øns‚ A¿∞w kw_-‘n®v Ahym-Phpw AS-°m-\m-Im-Ø-Xp-amb tNmZy-ßƒ kzbw tNmZn-°p∂ Hcp Ime-L-´-amWv buΔ-\w. AXp-t]m-se-Xs∂Xß-fpsS PohnXw GXp-Zn-i-bn-te-°mWv \o-tß-≠XvF∂Xv kw_-‘n®pw tNmZy-ßƒ Db-cpw. Cu tNmZy-ßƒ°v icn-bmb DØcw ssZh-Øn-\p-am-{Xta \¬Im-\m-Iq. bph-P-\-ß-sf-∏‰n DXv°-WvTm-Ip-e-cm-Ip∂ \mwAh¿°v \¬Ip∂ ktμiw [ochpw hy‡hpw Bbn-cn-°-Ww. Bfl-hn-izmkw t\Sm≥ \mw bph-P-\-ßsf klm-bn-°-Ww. hnip-≤-en-Jn-X-ß-fp-ambn ]cn-N-b-s∏-Sm\pwAhsc klm-bn-°-Ww. At∏mƒ hnip-≤-en-Jn-X-ßƒ

181

Ah¿ t]tI≠hgn Imń-s°m-Sp-°p∂ Hcp Znim-kq-Nnbmbn amdpw.341 bph-P-\-ßƒ°v Xß-tfm-sSm∏w \S-°p∂ km£n-I-sfbpw A≤ym-]-I-scbpw Bh-iy-ap-≠v.kphn-ti-jsØ kvt\ln-°m\pw AXv a‰p-≈-h-cp-am-bn,{]tXy-In®pw ka-{]m-b-°m-cp-ambn ]¶p-h-bv°m\pw Ahsc]Tn-∏n-°-Ww. At∏mƒ Ah¿ hniz-k-\o-b-cmb bYm¿∞ktμ-i-hm-l-I-cm-Ipw.342

Hmtcm hy‡n-bp-sSbpw ssZh-hn-fn-bn¬ AS-ßn-bn-́ p≈Imcy-ßƒ shfn-®-Øp-sIm-≠p-h-cp∂ coXn-bn-em-bn-cn-°Ww ssZh-h-N\w Ah-X-cn-∏n-°p-I. ]q¿Æ-ambpwXßsf ssZh-Øn\p ka¿∏n-°p-I-sb-∂Xpƒs∏sS Xß-fpsS PohnXw GXp Zni-bn-te°v \oß-W-sa∂v Xocp-am-\n-°m≥ AXv bph-P-\-ßsf klm-bn-°-Ww.343 ka¿∏nX-PohnXØnte°pw ]utcm-ln-XyØnte-°p-ap≈ ssZh-hnfn hnf-bp∂ ê-`q-bn-jvT-amb aÆv ssZh-h-N-\-hp-am-bp≈ kº¿°w [mcm-f-a-S-ßn-bn-´p≈ hnizm-k-Øn¬D≠m-bn-cn-°pw. k`-bpsS `cWw Gs‰-Sp-Ø-bp-S≥ Rm≥\S-Ønb ""{InkvXp-hn-\mbn lrZ-b-Øns‚ hmXn-ep-Iƒhnim-e-ambn Xpd-∂n-SpI'' F∂ DZvt_m-[\w Hcn-°¬°qSnCXm Bh¿Øn-°p-∂p. \ΩpsS Pohn-X-Øn-te°v IS-∂p-h-cm≥ {InkvXp-hns\ A\p-hZn-®m¬ PohnXw kzX-{¥hpwat\m-l-chpw al-Øz-ap-≈Xpw B°p∂ bmsXm∂pw \„-s∏-Sp-∂n-√, bmsXm∂pw \„-am-In-√, F∂p Rm≥ Xd-∏n-®p-]-d-bp-∂p. Cu kplr-Zv_-‘-Øn¬ am{Xta Pohn-X-Øns‚ hmXn-ep-Iƒ hnim-e-ambn Xpd-°-s∏-Sp-I-bp-≈q.Cu kplrZv_‘-Øn¬ am{Xta a\p-jy-Po-hn-X-Øns‚al-Ømb km≤y-X-Iƒ shfn-s∏-Sp-I-bp-≈q... {]nb-s∏´bph-P-\-ß-tf, \nßƒ {InkvXp-hns\ `b-s∏-Sm-Xn-cn-°p-hn≥! Ahn-Sp∂v \nß-fn¬\n∂v bmsXm∂pw FSp-Øp-am‰p-∂n√; Ahn-Sp∂v \nßƒs°√mw \¬Ip-∂p. \mw \sΩ-Øs∂ {InkvXp-hn\p \¬Ip-tºmƒ Ahn-Sp∂p \qdn-cńaS-°n-Ø-cp-∂p. AXp-sIm≠v hmXn-ep-Iƒ Xpd-°p-hn≥,



{InkvXp-hn-\mbn hmXn-ep-Iƒ hnim-e-ambn Xpd-°p-hn≥.At∏mƒ \nßƒ bYm¿∞-Øn-ep≈ PohnXw Is≠-Øpw.''344

ssZh-h-N-\-{]-tLm-j-Whpw IpSn-tb-‰-°mcpw

105. Ncn-{X-Ønepw \ΩpsS Ime-L-´-Øn¬ Bhn¿`-hn-°p∂ bmYm¿∞y-ß-fnepw {i≤-sN-ep-Øm≥ ssZh-h-N\w \sΩ t{]cn-∏n-°p-∂p. k`-bpsS kphn-ti-j-h-XvI-c-W-Øn-\p≈ ZuXyw N¿®-sN-bvX-t∏mƒ IpSn-tb-‰-sa∂k¶o¿Æ-amb {]Xn-`mkw ]T-\-hn-t[-b-am-°m≥ kn\UvXocp-am-\n-®p. ASp-Ø-Im-eØv apsºßpw D≠m-bn-́ n-√mØtXmXn-emWv Bfp-Iƒ kz¥w \mSp-hn´v A\y-cm-Py-ß-fn¬ FØp-∂-Xv. cm{„-ß-fpsS kpc-£n-X-Xzw, sa®-s∏´Pohn-X-ku-I-cy-ßfpw Btcm-Ky-c-£bpw tPmen-km-≤y-Xbpw tXSn ]c-tZ-iØv A`bw {]m]n-°p-∂-h¿°v e`n-°p∂ kzmKXw — CsX√mw hfsc kq£va-ambn ssIIm-cyw sNtø≠ At\Iw {]iv\-ßsf Dƒs°m-≈p∂kml-N-cy-ß-fm-Wv. {InkvXp-hn-s\-∏‰n bmsXm∂pw Adn-bm-Ø-h¿, As√-¶n¬ XnI®pw A]-cym-]vX-amb Adnhvam{X-ap-≈-h¿, ss{IkvX-h-]m-c-ºcyw \ne-hn-ep≈ cmPy-ß-fn¬ IpSn -tb-dn -∏m¿°p-∂p. AtX-k-a-bw-Xs∂ss{IkvX-h-hn-izmkw Bg-Øn¬ thtcm-Sn-bn-´p≈ cmPy-ß-fn¬\n∂pw {InkvXp- C\nbpw {]kw-Kn-°s∏´n´n-√mØcmPy-ß-fnepw IpSn-tb-dn-∏m¿°p-∂p. AhnsS ho≠pw kphn-ti-j-h-XvI-cWw \S-tØ-≠-Xm-bn-´p-≠v. Cu kml-N-cy-ßƒ ssZh-h-N\w {]N-cn-∏n-°p-∂-Xn-\p≈ ]pXnb km≤y-X-Iƒ e`y-am-°p-∂p. CXv kw_-‘n®v kn\Uv ]nXm-°-∑m¿ ]d-™Xv IpSn-tb-‰-°m¿°v ss{IkvX-h-k-tμiw e`n-°m≥ A¿l-X-bp≠v F∂mWv; Ah-tcmSv kphn-tijw{]kw-Kn-°Ww F∂m-Wv. CXv Ah-cpsS apºn¬ Ah-X-cn-∏n-°p-Itb BIm-hq, ASn-t®-ev]n-°m≥ ]mSn-√. Ah¿ss{IkvX-h-cm-sW-¶n¬ Ah-cpsS hnizmkw h¿≤n-°m≥

183

klm-b-I-amb AP-]m-e-\-ip-{iqj Ah¿°v e`n-°-Ww.Aßs\ Ah¿ kphn-ti-j-Øns‚ bYm¿∞ ktμ-i-hm-l-I-cmIpw. Cu {]Xn-`m-k-Øns‚ k¶o¿ÆX IW-°n-se-Sp-°p-tºmƒ, kphn-ti-j-Øns‚ km∂n-≤yhpw {]tLm-j-Whpw km[n-°p-∂-Xn\v ]pXnb {]N-c-W-cq-]-ßƒIs≠-Øm-\p≈ Ah-k-c-am-bn, ÿnc-hm-k-Øn-\mbn Hcp\m´n¬\n∂v thsdmcp \m´n-se-Øp-I-sb∂ Cu {]{InbImWs∏-Spw. ChnsS _‘-s∏´ cq]-X-I-sf√mw Iq´mbn{]h¿Øn-°Ww; kwL-Sn-X-ambn {]iv\w t\cn-S-Ww.\ΩpsS Cu ktlm-Z-coktlm-Z-c-∑m¿°v kvt\l-]q¿Δ-amb kzmK-Xhpw {i≤bpw e`n-°p-∂p-s≠∂v Ign-bp-∂{XDd-∏p-h-cp-Ø-Ww. Aßs\ kphn-ti-j-Øns‚ kZvhm¿-Ø Ah-cpsS lrZ-bsØ kv]¿in-°p-Ibpw Ah¿ ssZh-h-N-\-Øns‚ apt∂m-Sn-I-fm-Ip-Ibpw temI-Øns‚ {]Xym-i-bmb ]p\-cp-∞m-\w sNbvX tbip-hn\v km£yw hln-°p-Ibpw sNøpw.345

ssZh-h-N-\-{]-tLm-j-Whpw kl-\-a-\p-̀ hn-°p-∂-hcpw

106. kn\-Uns‚ {]h¿Ø-\-ßƒ°n-S-bn¬ imco-cn-Itam am\-kn-Itam Bflo-btam Bb thZ\ A\p-`-hn-°p-∂-h-tcmSv ssZh-h-N\w {]tLm-jn-t°-≠-Xns‚ Bh-iy-I-Xbpw kn\Uv ]nXm-°-∑m¿ N¿® sNbvXp. Cßs\thZ\ A\p-`-hn-°p∂ ka-b-ØmWv Pohn-X-Øns‚A¿∞w kw_-‘n® BXy-¥nI tNmZy-ßƒ G‰w Xo{h-ambn Hcmƒ°v A\p-`-h-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv. Xn∑-bp-sSbpw thZ-\-bp-sSbpw cl-ky-Øn-\p-ap-ºn¬ am\p-jn-I-h-N\w \n»-_vZ-am-Ip-tºmƒ, \ΩpsS kaqlw Pohn-X-Øn\p hne-I-ev]n-°p-∂Xv Imcy-{]m-]vXnbpw Btcm-Kyhpw t`Z-s∏-́ -\n-e-bn¬Ds≠-¶n¬ am{X-am-Ip-tºmƒ, Cu thZ-\bpsS \nan-j-ßƒt]mepw ""ssZh-kvt\-l-Øns‚ Bt«-j-Øn¬''Dƒs∏-Sp-∂p-s≠∂v ssZh-h-N\w \ap°v ImWn-®p-X-cp-∂p.



hym[nbpw thZ-\bpw a\p-jy-Po-hn-XsØ Zp¿_-e-am-°p-tºmgpw a\pjyPohnXw ]q¿Æ-ambpw Pohn-°-s∏-tS-≠-XmWv F∂v a\- n-em-°m≥ ssZh-h-N-\sØ I≠pap´p∂--Xn¬\n∂p≠mIp∂ hnizmkw \sΩ klm-bn-°p-∂p.\ap°v kt¥m-jhpw Poh\pw D≠m-bncnt°≠-Xn-\mWvssZhw \sΩ kr„n-®-Xv. ]m]-Øns‚ ^e-am-bmWvtcmKßfpw ac-Whpw temI-Øn¬ {]th-in-®Xv (cf. ⁄m-\w. 2:23-˛24). F¶nepw Pohs‚ ]nXm-hmWv a\p-jy-h¿§-Øns‚ G‰w henb `njKzc≥. thZ-\n-°p∂ a\p-jy-h¿§sØ Ahn-Sp∂v kvt\l-]q¿Δw \nc-¥cw \nco-£n-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂p, ip{iq-jn-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂p. ""a\p-jy-\mbn Ah-X-cn® hN-\-amb tbip-hn¬'' ssZhw \ΩpsSthZ-\-I-fn¬ \tΩmSv F{X-am{Xw ASp-ØmWv \ne-sIm-≈p-∂Xv F∂v \mw ImW-Ww. ""Ahn-Sp∂v \ap-°p-th-≠n]oU-Iƒ kln-°p-Ibpw acn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp. Xs‚]oUm-\p-̀ -hhpw ac-Whpwhgn Ahn-Sp∂v \ΩpsS _e-lo-\XIƒ Gs‰-Sp-°p-Ibpw AXns\ ]q¿Æ-ambpw cq]m-¥-c-s∏-Sp-Øp-Ibpw sNbvXp.''346

tbip thZ-\-b-\p-`-hn-°p-∂-h-cpsS kao]w Ft∏m-gp-ap -≠v. k`-bpsS ZuXy-Øn¬ ]cn-ip-≤m-cq -]n -bpsS{]h¿Ø\whgn Cu km∂n≤yw Ime-Øn¬ XpS¿∂p-t]m-Ip-∂p. hN-\-Ønepw IqZm-i-I-fn-epw-Iq-Sn, k∑-\- p≈ P\-ß-fn¬°q-Sn, ktlm-Z-c-kvt\-l-Øm¬ t{]cn-X-cmbn ]c-kvt\l kwcw-`-ßƒ \S-Øp∂ kaq-l-ß-fn-eq-sS, Cukm∂n≤yw XpS-cp-∂p. A{]-Imcw ssZh-Øns‚ bYm¿∞apJhpw Ahn-SpsØ kvt\lhpw shfn-s∏-Sp-∂-Xn\v CS-bm-Ip-∂p. ico-c-Øn-s‚bpw Bflm-hn-s‚bpw bYm¿∞`njz-Kz-c-\mb {InkvXp-hn\v Xß-fpsS ssIIfpw IÆp-Ifpw lrZ-b-ßfpw ISw-sIm-Sp-°p∂ At\Iw ss{IkvX-h¿, sshZn-I-cpw, k\y-kvXcpw Aevamb hnizm-kn-Ifpw\¬Ip∂ {]Im-i-am-\-amb km£y-Øn\v kn\Uv ssZh-Øn\v \μn ]d-™p. tcmKn-Isf ip{iq-jn-°p∂ kwcw-`-

185

ßƒ XpS-cm\pw Aßs\ ssZh-h-N-\-Øn¬ k∂n-ln-X-\m-bn-cn-°p∂ I¿Øm-hmb tbip-hns‚ Poh-Zm-b-I-ambkm∂n-≤y-Øn-te°v Ah-sc -sIm-≠p-h-cp-∂-Xn\pw kn\UvF√m-h-scbpw DZvt_m-[n-∏n-°p-∂p. thZ\ A\p-`-hn-°p-∂-hsc hnip-≤-en-Jn-Xßƒ hmbn-°m≥ klm-bn-°-Ww.a\p-jy-h¿§-Øns‚ c£-bv°mbn {InkvXp kln® thZ-\-I-fn¬ khn-ti-j-amb coXn-bn¬ ]¶m-fn-I-fm-Ip-hm≥Xßƒ°v Ign-bp-sa∂v Cß-s\-bp≈ hmb-\-bn-eqsSAh¿ Xncn-®-dn-bp-∂-Xn\pw Ahsc klm-bn-°Ww (cf. 2tImdn. 4:8˛11,14).347

ssZh-h-N\ {]tLm-j-Whpw Zcn-{Zcpw

107. Zcn-{ZtcmSpw Bhiy-Øn¬ Ign-bp-∂-h-tcmSpwssZh-Øn\v {]tXyI kvt\l-ap-s≠∂v hnip-≤-en-Jn-X-ßƒ hy‡--am-°p∂p (cf. a-Øm. 25:31-̨ 46). \ΩpsS ktlm-Z-c-∑m-cpw ktlm-Z-cn-am-cp-amb ]mh-s∏-´-h¿°v kphn-ti-j-Ønse ktμiw tIƒ°m\pw Ah-cpsS AP-]m-e-Icpwkaq-l-ßfpw Ah-cpsS ASp-Øp-s≠∂v A\p-`-hn-®-dn-bp-hm\pw Ahsc klm-bn-t°-≠-Xns‚ {]m[m-\y-sØ-∏‰nkn\Uv ]nXm-°-∑m¿ Bh¿Øn®p kwkm-cn-®p. ""kphn-ti-j-{]-tLm-jWw tIƒ°m≥ G‰w IqSp-X¬ Ah-Im-i-ap-≈Xv ]mh-s∏-´-h¿°m-Wv. Ah¿°v A∏w-am{Xwt]mcm, Pohs‚ hN p-Ifpw Bh-iy-am-Wv.''348 ]c-kvt\lip{iqj Ft∏mgpw hN-\-{]-tLm-j-Whpw Znhy-c-l-ky-ß-fpsS BtLm-j-hp-ambn _‘-s∏-´n-cn-°-Ww. \ΩpsSssZhm-e-b-ß-fn¬ Ft∏mgpw ]c-kvt\-l-ip-{iqj D≠m-bn-cn-t°-≠-Xm-Wv.349 AtX-k-a-bw-Xs∂ ]mh-s∏-´-hcpwkphn-ti-j-h-XvI-c-W-Øns‚ \n¿Δm-l-I-cm-sW∂hkvXpX \mw Xncn-®-dn-tb-≠-Xp-≠v. AXns\ hne-a-Xn-t°-≠-Xp-ap-≠v. hnip-≤-{K-ŸØn¬ bYm¿∞ Zcn-{Z-cmbn hnti-

jn-°-s∏-Sp-∂Xv Xß-sf-Øs∂ ]q¿Æ-ambpw ssZh-Øn\vGev]n-®p-sIm-Sp-Ø-h-cm-Wv. kphn-ti-j-Øn¬ tbip



Ahsc ""`mKy-hm-∑m¿'' F∂v hnfn-°p-∂p. ""F¥p-sIm-s≠-∂m¬ kz¿§-cmPyw Ah-cp-tS-Xm-Ip∂p'' (cf. a-Øm. 5:3,

eq°m 6:20). Xß-fpsS {]Xymi ssZh-Øn¬ A¿∏n-°p-Ibpw ssZh-Øn¬ bYm¿∞ kºØv Is≠-Øp-Ibpw

sNøp-∂-h-cpsS lrZ-b-km-c-fysØ I¿Ømhv AXn-bmbn«mln°p-∂p. Ah¿ temI-Øn-t‚-Xmb kº-Øn¬ {]Xym-

i A¿∏n-°p-∂n-√. bmsXmcp Imc-W-h-imepw Xncp-k`]mh-s∏-́ -h-cpsS {]Xo-£-bvs°mØv Db-cm-Xn-cn-°-cp-Xv. ""A-

h¿°v ]d-bm-\p-≈Xv {i≤n®v tIƒ°p-∂-Xn\pw Ah-cn¬-\n∂v ]mT-ßƒ ]Tn-°p-∂-Xn-\pw, hnizm-k-Øn¬ Ahsc

\bn-°p-∂-Xn\pw Xß-fpsS Pohn-XsØ kw_-‘n® DØ-c-hm-Zn-Ø-ßƒ Gs‰-Sp-°p-∂-Xn\v Ahsc t{]m’m-ln-∏n-

°p-∂-Xn\pw AP-]m-e-I¿ hnfn-°-s∏-´n-cn-°p-∂p.''350

At\Iw hnip-≤-∑m¿ sNbvXn-´p-≈-Xp-t]m-se, kzX-

{¥-ambn Xnc-s™-Sp-°p-Ibpw ioen-°p-Ibpw sNøm-hp∂Hcp ]pWy-amWv Zmcn{Zyw F∂pw Xncp-k` a\- n-em-°p-

∂p-≠v. Pohn-X-Øn\v Ah-iyw-th≠ hkvXp-°-fpsS Ipd-hmbpw Zmcn{Zyw A\p-`-h-s∏-Smw. hni∏pw C√m-bvabpw

kwL¿j-Øns‚ Hcp Dd-hn-S-hp-am-Wv. ]e-t∏mgpw A\o-Xnbpw kzm¿∞-X-bp-amWv Zmcn-{Zy-Øn\v Imc-W-am-Ip-∂-

Xv. Xncp-k` ssZh-h-N\w {]tLm-jn-°p-tºmƒ ""ioen-t°≠ Zmcn{Zyw F∂ ]pWyhpw sNdp-t°≠ Zmcn-{Zyhpw

Hcp-an®v ImW-Ww. Cu c≠v hn`m-K-ßƒ XΩnepw ]mc-kv]cyw t{]m’m-ln-∏n-°-Ww. km¿Δ-{Xn-I-ambn km[p-

X-bp≈ kphn-tij aqey-ß-fmb anX-Xzhpw Iq´m-bvabpw\mw ho≠pw Is≠-tØ-≠-Xp-≠v. CXn\v \oXn-t_m-[hpw

anX-Xzhpw hy‡-am-°p∂ Xocp-am-\-ßƒ D≠m-I-Ww.''351

ssZh-h-N-\-{]-tLm-j-Whpw {]Ir-Xn-bpsS kwc-£-Whpw

108. \mw temI-hp-ambn CS-s]-S-W-sa-∂mWv ssZh-h-

187

N\w Bh-iy-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv. ssZhw kr„n® kakvX {]]-©-tØbpw ]pXnb ImgvN-∏m-Sn-eqsS t\m°n-°m-Wm≥CXv \sΩ \n¿_-‘n-°p-∂p. GXv hN-\-Øn-eq-sS-bmtWmka-kvXhpw kr„n-°-s∏-´Xv B hN-\-Øns‚ Imev]m-Sp-Iƒ {]]-©-Øn¬ ImWm≥ Ign-bpw (cf. tbml. 1:12).kphn-ti-j-Øn¬ hniz-kn-°p-Ibpw AXv {]tLm-jn-°p-Ibpw sNøp∂ a\p-jy¿ F∂ \nebv°v \ap°v {]]-©-tØmSv Hcp DØ-c-hm-ZnØw D≠v. {]]-©-sØ-∏-‰n-bp≈Xs‚ k¶ev]w shfn-]m-Sp-hgn ssZhw \sΩ Adn-bn-®n-´p-≠v. kr„n-°-s∏´ F√m hkvXp-°fpw Ah-bpsS {k„m-hns\ {]Xn-^-en-∏n-°p∂p F∂v AwKo-I-cn-°m≥ Iq´m-°msX sX‰mb at\m-`m-hsØ X≈n-∏-d-bm≥ CXv \sΩ\n¿_-‘n-X-cm-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂p. bmsXmcp ho≠p-hn-Nm-c-hp-an-√msX NqjWw sNtø≠ Akw-kvIrX hkvXp-°ƒ am{X-ambn {]]-©sØ ImWp∂ Cu at\m-̀ m-hsØX≈n-∏-d-tb-≠n-bn-cn-°p∂p. ssZh-Øn¬\n∂v e`n® HcpZm\-amWv {]]-©-sa∂pw AXv Ahn-SpsØ kwhn-[m-\-a-\p-k-cn®v kzoI-cn-°p-Ibpw {]tbm-P-\-s∏-Sp-Øp-IbpwsNtø-≠-Xm-sW∂pw ImWm≥ a\p-jy\v Ignhv \¬Ip∂ASn-ÿm-\-]-c-amb hn\bw a\p-jy≥ ImWn-°p-∂n-√.t\tc-a-dn®v ""ssZhw Cs√∂ coXn-bn¬'' Pohn-°p∂ a\p-jys‚ [m¿„yw {]Ir-Xnsb NqjWw sNøm\pw hncq-]-am-°m\pw CS-bm-°p-∂p. k¿§m-fl-I-amb ssZh-h-N-\-Øns‚ ssIhn-cp-Xp-Im-Wm≥ Ah\p Ign-bp-∂n-√. ssZh-im-kv{X-]-c-amb Cu kμ¿`-Øn¬ kn\Uv ]nXm-°-∑m-cpsS Nne {]kvXm-h-ßƒ Bh¿Øn-°p-hm≥ Rm≥ B{K-ln-°p-∂p. ""hnip≤enJn-X-ßfpw k`-bpsS kPo-h-amb]mc-º-cyhpw km£yw-h-ln-°p∂ ssZh-h-N-\sØ kzoI-cn-°p-∂Xv F√mw Hcp ]pXnb ImgvN-∏m-Sn-eqsS ImWm≥CS-bm-°p∂p; B[n-Im-cn-I-amb ]cn-ÿn-Xn-hn-⁄m-\obwCXv t{]m’m-ln-∏n-°p-∂p. hnizm-k-Øn-t‚-Xmb A\p-k-c-W-Øn-emWv Cu ]cn-ÿnXn hn⁄m-\o-b-Øns‚



thcpIƒ Bg-Øn¬ HmSn-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xv. F√m hkvXp-°-fp-sS-bpw \∑ Xncn-®-dn-bp∂ ]pXnb Hcp ssZh-imkv{XAht_m-[w CXv hnI-kn-∏n-°p-∂p. F√m hkvXp-°fpwkr„n-°-s∏-́ n-cn-°p-∂Xv {InkvXp-hn-em-W-t√m.''352 kn\Uv]nXm-°-∑m¿ \sΩ A\p-kva-cn-∏n-°p-∂Xv Cu hkvXp-X-I-fm-Wv. A¤p-X-s∏-Sm≥ \mw ho≠pw ]Tn-t°-≠n-bn-cn-°p-∂p. kr„-h-kvXp-°-fn¬ shfn-s∏-Sp-Ø-s∏-Sp∂ at\m-lmcnX Xncn-®-dn-bm-\p≈ Ignhv \mw ho≠pw t\tS-≠n-bn-cn-°p-∂p.353

ssZh-h-N-\hpw kwkvIm-chpwa\p-jy-k-aq-l-Øns‚ Pohn-X-Øn¬ kwkvIm-c-Øn-\p≈ aqeyw

109. hN\w amwk-ambn F∂ hnip≤ tbml-∂ms‚{]Jym-]\w ssZh-h-N-\hpw ssZhw a\p-jy-cp-ambn Bi-b-hn-\n-abw \S-Øm≥ D]-tbm-Kn-°p∂ am\p-jn-I-ambhm°p-Ifpw XΩn-ep≈ At`-Zy-amb _‘w shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂p. Cu ]›m-Ø-e-Øn¬ ssZh-h-N-\hpw kwkvIm-chpw XΩn-ep≈ _‘w kn\Uv ]nXm-°-∑m¿ N¿®sNbvXp. ssZhw Aaq¿Ø-am-b-√, Ahy-‡-am-b-√, Xs∂-Øs∂ shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-Xv. hnhn[ kw-kvIm-c-ß-fp-ambn_‘-s∏´ ̀ mj-Ifpw {]Xn-cq-]-ßfpw {]tbm-K-ßfpw Cuhn\n-a-b-Øn\v Ahn-Sp∂v D]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂p. Cu _‘w^e-{]-Z-am-bn-cp∂p F∂-Xn\v Xncp-k-̀ -bpsS Ncn{Xw kar-≤-ambn km£yw hln-°p-∂p-≠v. kphn-tijw {]N-cn-°p-∂-Xp-sIm≠pw hnhn[ kwkvIm-c-ß-fn¬ AXv thtcm-Sn-bn-́ p-≈-Xp-sIm≠pw Cu ]c-kv]-c-_‘w C∂v Hcp ]pXnbL -́Øn-te°v IS-°p-I-bm-Wv. ]m›mXy kwkvIm-c-Øn¬Cu ASp-Ø-Im-e-Øp-≠mb hnI-k-\-ßfpw CXn\p \nan-Ø-am-bn-´p-≠v. F√m a\p-jy-cp-sSbpw Pohn-X-Øn¬kwkvIm-c-Øn-\p≈ {]m[m\yw Xncn-®-dn-bWw F∂mWvCXv BZy-ta-Xs∂ Bh-iy-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv. kwkvImcw F∂

189

{]Xn-̀ mkw a\p-jym-\p-̀ -h-Øns‚ ASn-ÿm-\-]-c-amb HcpXØzam-Wv. CXn\v hnhn[ apJ-ß-fp-≠v. ""a\p-jy≥ F∂pwPohn-°p-∂Xv Hcp kwkvIm-c-Øn\v A\p-kr-X-am-bn-́ m-Wv,Ah-t‚-Xmb Hcp kwkvIm-cw. Cu kwkvImcw Bfp-Iƒ°n-S-bn¬ Ah-cp-tS-Xp-am-{X-amb Hcp _‘w kr„n-°p-∂p. a\p-jy-Po-hn-X-Øns‚ kz`m-hhpw Pohn-X-Ønse]c-kv]c _‘-ßfpw \n¿Æ-bn-°p-∂Xv Cu kwkvIm-c-amWv.''354

\q‰m-≠p-I-fn-eqsS ssZh-h-N\w hnhn[ kwkvIm-c-ßƒ°v {]tNm-Z-\-am-bn-cp-∂n-´p-≠v. ASn-ÿm-\-]-c-ambkm∑m¿§nI aqey-ßƒ, AXn at\m-l-c-amb Iem-cq-]-ßƒA\p-I-cWo-b-amb PohnX amXr-I-Iƒ ˛ Chbvs°√mwCu kwkvIm-cw cq]w\evIn-bn-́ p-≠v.355 AXpsIm≠v ss_-_n-fpw kwkvIm-chpw XΩn¬ ]pXnb Hcp I≠p-ap-´en\vXøm-sd-Sp-°p∂ Cu kabw, ssZh-h-N-\tØmSv Xpd-hn-bp-≈-h-cmIp-∂-Xp-sIm≠v kmwkvIm-cnI-tem-I-Øns‚ ̀ mK-am-bn-´p-≈-h¿°v bmsXm∂pw `b-s∏-Sm-\n-s√∂v Ah¿°vDd-∏p-\¬Im≥ Rm≥ B{K-ln-°p-∂p. ssZh-h-N\w bYm¿-∞ kwkvIm-csØ Hcn-°epw \in-∏n-°p-I-bn-√. t\tc-a-dn®v IqSp-X¬ A\p-tbm-Pyhpw A¿∞-]q¿Æhpw a\p-jyXzw XpSn-°p-∂-Xp-amb {]tbm-Khpw ssienbpw Is≠-Øp-∂-Xn\v XpS¿®-bmbn e`n-°p∂ Hcp {]tNm-Z-\-am-bn-cn°pw ssZh-h-N-\w. bYm¿∞amb GsXmcp kwkvIm-c-hpw, a\p-jy-h¿§-Øn-\p-t\-cmbpw tkh-\-a-\p-jvTn-°p-I-bm-Wv AXns‚ e£y-sa-¶n¬, AXo-{μnb taJ-e-I-fn-te°vDbtc≠n-bn-cn-°p-∂p; Ah-km\w ssZh-Øn-te-s°-Øm≥Ah k∂-≤-am-bn-cn-°-Ww.

kwkvIm-c-ßƒ°p≈ al-Ømb Hcp s]cp-am-‰-®-́ -amWv ss__nƒ

110. kmwkvIm-cnItaJ-e-bn¬ {]h¿Øn-°p-∂-h-cpsSCS-bn¬ ss__nƒ kw_-‘n® A\p-tbm-Py-amb Adnhv



hf¿Øp-∂-Xns‚ {]m[m\yw kn\Uv ]nXm-°-∑m¿ GsdDu∂¬ sImSpØv ]d-™p-h-®n-´p-≠v. aX-\n-c-t]-£-ambkml-N-cy-ß-fnepw hnizm-kn-I-f-√m-Ø-h-cpsS CS-bnepwCu Adnhv t{]m’m-ln-∏n-°-Ww.356 a\p-jy-k-aq-lsØapgp-h\pw hnip-≤-en-Jn-X-ß-fn¬ ImWp∂ \c-hw-i-im-kv{X-]-chpw Zm¿i-\n-I-hp-amb aqey-ßƒ kzm[o-\n-®n-´p-≠v.357 kwkvIm-c-ßƒ°p s]mXp-hm-bp≈ Hcp s]cp-am-‰-®-́ -am-Wv, \nb-a-kw-ln-X-bm-Wv, ss__nƒ F∂ kao-]\who≠pw D≠m-tI-≠n-bn-cn-°p-∂p.

hnZym-e-b-ß-fnepw k¿Δ-I-em-im-e-I-fnepwss__nƒ hn⁄m\w

111. ssZh-h-N-\hpw kwkvIm-chpw ]c-kv]cw I≠p-ap-´m-hp∂ Hcp thZn-bmWv hnZym-e-b-ßfpw k¿Δ-I-em-im-e-Ifpw. AP-]m-e-I¿ Cu kml-N-cy-Øn¬ {]tXyIw{i≤ sNep-Ø-Ww. C°m-eØpw ss__nƒ kw_-‘n®vIqSp-X¬ Bg-Øn-ep≈ Adnhpw kmwkvIm-cnI taJ-e-bn¬ AXv F{X ^e-{]-Z-am-bn-cn°pw F∂ t_m[hpwt{]m’m-ln-∏n-°m≥ AP-]m-e-I¿ {ian-°-Ww. ItØm-en°m kwL-ß-fpsS ]n≥_-e-ap≈ ]T-\-tI-{μ-ßƒkwkvIm-c-Øn\pw hnZym-`ym-k-Øn\pw hy‡-amb kw`m-h-\-Iƒ \¬Ip∂p≠v. CXv Xncn-®-dn-tb≠ Hcp hkvXp-X-bm-Wv. aX-t_m-[-\hpw Ah-K-Wn-®p-Iq-Sm. aX-t_m-[\w\¬Ip∂ A≤ym-]-I¿°v icn-bmb ]cn-io-e\w e`yam-°-Ww. hnizm-k-Øns‚ ktμiw e`n-°m\pw AXn-t\mSv{]Xn-I-cn-°m\pw hnZym¿∞n-Iƒ°v e`n-°p∂ Htc Hc-h-kcw ]e-t∏mgpw aX-]-c-amb hnZym-̀ ym-k-am-Wv. aX-{]-t_m-[-\-Øn¬ hnip-≤-en-Jn-X-ßƒ Adn-bp-∂-Xn-\v, ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂-Xn-\v, Du∂¬ \¬I-Ww. ]g-bXpw ]pXn-b-Xp-ambap≥hn-[n-Isf adn-I-S-°p-∂-Xn\pw hnip-≤-en-Jn-X-ß-fn¬AS-ßn-bn-cn-°p∂ kXyw IqSp-X¬ Bg-Øn¬ {Kln-°p-∂-Xn\pw CXv klm-b-I-am-Ipw.358

191

hnip-≤-en-Jn-X-ßƒ sshhn-≤y-am¿∂ Iem-cq-]-ß-fn¬

112. ]e taJ-e-I-fn¬, {]tXy-In®pw Ie-bpsS taJ-e-bn¬, ssZh-h-N-\hpw kwkvIm-chpw XΩn-ep≈ _‘wBhn-jvI-cn-°-s∏-́ n-́ p-≠v. C°m-c-W-Øm¬ ]m›m-Xy-tem-IØpw ]uc-kvXy-tem-IØpw hnip-≤-en-Jn-X-ß-fn¬\n∂p{]tNm-Z\w Dƒs°m≠ Iem-kr-„n-Isf BZ-cn-°p-I-sb∂al-Ømb ]mc-ºcyw \ne-hn-en-cp-∂p. Be-¶m-cnI Ie-Ifpw hmkvXp-in-ev]hpw kmln-Xyhpw kwKo-Xhpw CXn\vDZm-l-c-W-ßfm-Wv. ]uckvXy ]mc-º-cy-Øn¬ D≠m-bXpw{ItaW temI-saßpw hym]n-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p∂Xpamb_nw_-ß-fp-tS-Xmb {]mNo-\-̀ m-jbpw Rm≥ ChnsS A\p-kva-cn-°p-∂p. hnip-≤-{K-Ÿ-`m-K-ß-fn¬\n∂v {]tNm-Z\wDƒs°m≠v "at\m-lm-cy-X-bn¬ a\w-a-bßn' Iem-kr„n\S-Øp-∂h-tcmSv kn\Uv ]nXm-°-∑mcpw Xncp-k` apgp-h\pw BZ-chpw {]iw-kbpw A`n-\-μ-\hpw {]I-Sn-∏n-®p-sIm-≈p-∂p. \ΩpsS ssZhm-e-b-ßƒ Ae-¶-cn-°p∂-Xn¬Ie-Iƒ henb kw`m-h\ \¬In-bn-´p -≠v; \ΩpsShnizmkw Hcm-tLm-j-am-°p-∂-Xn\pw \ΩpsS Bcm-[-\m-\p-jvTm-\-ßsf kº-∂-am-°p-∂-Xn\pw Ah¿ kw`m-h-\-Iƒ \¬In-bn-cn-°p-∂p. Ime-tZ-i-ß-fpsS am\-ßƒ°p-≈n¬ A\-iz-chpw AZr-iy-hp-amb bmYm¿∞y-ßsfC{μnb tKmN-c-am-°m≥ At\Iw Iem-Im-c-∑m¿ klm-bn-®n-´p-≠v.359 k`-bpsS kPo-h-amb ]mc-º-cy-Øn-s‚bpw{]t_m-[-\m-[n-Im-c-Øn-s‚bpw shfn-®-Øn¬ Iem-Im-c-∑m¿°v hnip-≤-en-Jn-X-ß-fn¬ ASn-ÿm-\-]-c-amb Adnhve`y-am-°p-∂-Xn\v ka¿∞-cmb DtZym-K-ÿcpw kwL-ßfpw {ian-°p-∂-Xns\ Rm≥ t{]m’m-ln-∏n-°p-∂p.

ssZh-h-N-\hpw kmaq-ly-hn-\n-ab D]m-[n-Ifpw

113. ]g-bXpw ]pXn-b-Xp-amb Bi-b-hn-\n-a-b-am-≤y-a-ßsf {i≤m-]q¿hhpw _p≤n-]q¿hhpw {]tbm-P-\-s∏-Sp-



tØ-≠-Xns‚ Bh-iy-IX ssZh-h-N-\hpw kwkvIm-chpwXΩn-ep≈ _‘-Ønse Hcp IÆn-bm-Wv. Cu am≤y-a-ß-sf-∏‰n icn-bmb Adnhv kºm-Zn-°m≥ kn\Uv ]nXm-°-∑m¿ Blzm\w sNøp-∂p. Cu am≤y-a-ß-fpsS {ZpXK-Xn-bn-ep≈ hnI-k-\hpw hnhn-[-X-e-ß-fn¬ Ah ]c-kv]cw{]-h¿Ø\w \S-Øp∂p F∂Xpw ]nXm-°-∑m-cpsS {i≤-bn¬s∏-´p. am≤y-a-ß-fpsS hnhn[ taJ-e-I-fn¬ sshZ-Kv≤yw t\S-Ww, {]tXy-In®pw C‚¿s\‰v t]mep≈ ]pXnbam≤y-a-ß-fn¬ sshZKv≤yw t\Sp-∂-Xn\v IqSp-X-embn {ian-°Ww, F∂v Ah¿ DZvt_m-[n-∏n-°p-∂p. _lp-P-\-˛-hn-\n-a-b-ß-fpsS temIØv k`bv°v Ct∏mƒØs∂ {it≤-b-amb km∂n-≤y-ap-≠v. Cu hnj-b-Øn¬ c≠mw hØn-°m≥ Iu¨knepw k -̀bpsS {]t_m-[\m-[n-Imchpw ]e-t∏mgpw CS-s]-́ n-́ p-≠v.360 kphn-tijktμiw {]N-cn-∏n-°p-∂-Xn\v ]pXnb am¿§-ßƒ Is≠-Øp-I-sb-∂Xv kphn-ti-j-h-XvI-cWw XpS¿∂p-t]m-Im-\p≈ hnizm-kn-I-fpsS Hu-’p-Iy-Øns‚ `mK-am-Wv. C∂v Bibhn\n-a-b-ßƒ \S-°p-∂Xv BtKm-f-hym-]-I-amb irwJ-e-Iƒh-gn-bm-Wv.""A‘-Im-c-Øn¬ \nß-tfmSv Rm≥ ]d-bp-∂h {]Im-i-Øn¬ ]d-bp-hn≥; sNhn-bn¬ a{¥n-®Xv ]pc-ap-I-fn¬\n∂vtLmjn-°p-hn≥'' (a-Øm. 10:27) F∂ I¿Øm-hns‚ hm°p-Iƒ°v Cßs\ ]pXnb Hc¿∞w ssIh-∂ncn-°p-I-bm-Wv.A®Sn am≤y-a-Øn¬ am{X-a√ ssZh-h-N\w apg-ßn-t°ƒ-t°-≠-Xv. a‰p hn\n-a-b-cq-]-ß-fnepw CXv kw -̀hn-°-Ww.361

am≤y-a-ß-fn¬ {it≤-b-amb Hcp km∂n≤yw t\Sp-∂-Xn\vKuc-h-]q¿Δw bXv\n-°p∂ ItØm-en-°-tcmSv F\n-°p≈IrX-⁄X Rm≥ {]I-S-am-°n-s°m-≈p-∂p. Cu taJ-e-bn¬ IqSp-X¬ sshZKv≤yw t\Sn-bXpw IqSp-X¬ hnim-e-hp-amb {]Xn-_≤X D≠m-Ip-hm≥ Rm≥ Blzm\w sNøp-∂p.362

_lp-P-\-ß-fp-ambn hn\n-abw \S-Øp-∂-Xn-\p≈]pXnb am≤y-a-ß-fn¬ C‚¿s\-‰ns‚ h¿≤n-®-h-cp∂ {]m-

193

[m\yw \mw Xncn-®-dn-tb-≠-Xp≠v. Bfp-Iƒ°v kphn-tijw {ihn-°p-hm≥ ]pXnb Hcp thZn-bmWv CXv e`y-am-°p-∂Xv. F¶nepw C{]-Im-c-ap≈ am≤y-a-ß-fpsS temI-Øn\v bYm¿∞ temI-Øns‚ ÿm\Øn\v ]I-c-am-Im≥Ign-bn-√; A\p-t]-£-Wo-b-amb hy‡n-Xe kº¿°wDs≠-¶nte ]pXnb am≤y-a-ßƒ Xpd-∂p-X-cp∂ ]pXnbtemIw kphn-ti-j-h-XvI-c-W-Øn-\mbn {]tbm-P-\-s∏-SpØn A¿∞h-Ømb ]pXnb _‘-ßƒ ÿm]n-°m≥Ign-bp-I-bp-≈q. C‚¿s\-‰ns‚ temIØv tImSm-\p-tImSnNn{X-ßƒ _lp-k-l{kw {]Xeß-fn¬ temI-sa-ºmSpw{]Xy-£-s∏-Sp-∂p. C‚¿s\-‰ns‚ Cu temIØv {InkvXp-hns‚ apJw Zriy-am-Ip-Ibpw Ahn-SpsØ kzcw tIƒ°-s∏-Sp-Ibpw thWw. Imc-Ww, ""{InkvXp-hn\v CS-an-s√-¶n¬a\p-jy\pw CS-ap-≠m-In-√.''363

ss__nfpw kwkvIm-c-ß-fpsS kzmwio-I-c-Whpw

114. a\p-jym-h-Xm-c-Øns‚ Znhy-c-lkyw \sΩ ]Tn-

∏n-°p∂Xv Ft∏mgpw kaq¿Ø-amb Ncn-{X-Øn-em-Wv, Ncn-

{X-Øn¬ AS-ßn-bn-´p≈ kmwkvIm-cnI\nb-a-ßsf

am\n®psIm-≠mWv, ssZhw a\p-jy-cp-ambn hn\n-abw \S-

Øp-∂Xv F∂m-Wv. F¶nepw AtX hN-\w-Xs∂ hnhn[

kwkvIm-c-ß-fnepw {]Xy-£-s∏-S-Ww, {]Xy-£-s∏-Sm≥

AXn\p Ign-bpw. Aßs\ B kwkvIm-c-ßsf D≈n¬-

\n∂v cq]m-¥-c-s∏-SpØpw. Cu {]{In-bsb t]mƒ Bdma≥

am¿]m∏ "kwkvIm-c-ß-fpsS kphn-ti-j-h-XvI-c-Ww'

F∂mWv hnfn-°p-∂-Xv.364 ss{IkvX-h-hn-izm-k-Øn-s\∂

t]mse ssZh-h-N-\-Øn\pw Bg-ta-dnb Hcp kwkvIm-cm-

¥c kz-`mhw D≠v. hnhn[ kwkvIm-c-ßsf I≠p-ap-´p-∂-

Xn\pw Ah-bp-ambn CS-s]-Sp-∂-Xn\pw Aßs\ B

kwkvIm-c-ßƒ ]c-kv]cw ASpØv CS-]-g-Ip-∂-Xn\v CS-

bm-°n-s°m≠v ssZh-h-N\w {]h¿Øn-°p-∂p.365



Chn-sSbpw kphntijw kwkvIm-c-ß-fpsS A¥¿[m-c-bp-ambn s]mcp-Ø-s∏-Sp-∂-Xns‚ {]m[m\yw \ap°vt_m≤y-am-Ip-∂p.366 Ah-c-h-cpsS kwkvIm-c-Øns‚ ]›m-Ø-e-Øn¬ F√m a\p-jy-tcmSpw kwkm-cn-°m≥ ssZh-h-N-\-Øn\v B¥-cn-I-amb Ign-hp-s≠∂v Xncp-k` Dd-®p-hn-iz-kn-°p-∂p. Cu hnizm-k-Øns‚ Dd-hnSw ss__nƒXs∂-bm-Wv. D¬∏-Øn-bpsS ]pkvXIw apX¬t° ss_-_nƒ kzoI-cn-®n-cn-°p-∂Xv Hcp km¿Δ-eu-InI ImgvN-∏m-SmWv (cf. D-ev]. 1:27-˛28). A{_-lm-an-eq-sSbpw At±-l-Øns‚ k¥-Xn-I-fn-eq-sSbpw F√m P\-ßƒ°pw hm-KvZm-\w sNbvXncn-°p∂ A\p-{Klw Cu ho£Ww ÿnco-I-cn-°p∂p (cf. Dev]. 12:3; 18:18). F√m P\-X-Iƒ°pw kphn-tijw {]kw-Kn-°m≥ Iev]n-°p-∂-Xp-hgn Cu ImgvN-∏mSv\n¿Æm-b-I-ambn ÿnco-I-cn-°-s∏-Sp-∂p.367 C°m-c-W-Øm¬ kwkvIm-c-Øns‚ kzmwio-I-cWw F∂v ]d-bp-∂Xv D]-cn-π-h-amb A\p-cq-]-s∏-S-ens‚ Hcp {]{In-b-bmbnsX‰n-≤-cn-°-s∏-S-cp-Xv. hnhn[ hnizm-k-ßsf Iq´n°pg®vIqSp-X¬ kzoIm-cy-am-°m≥th≠n kphn-ti-j-Øns‚ A\-\y-X-bn¬ sh≈w tN¿°p-Ibpw Acp-Xv.368 ssZh-h-N-\-Øns‚ a\p-jym-h-Xm-c-amWv kwkvImc kzmwio-I-c-W-Øns‚ B[n-Im-cn-Iamb amXr-I. kphn-ti-j-Øm¬ ]pXn-sbmcp Poh≥ Is≠-Ønb kwkvImcw cq]m-¥cw {]m]n-°p-tºmƒ, B kwkvImc kzmwio-I-cWw a\p-jym-h-Xm-c-Øns‚ Hcp bYm¿∞ {]Xn-—m-b-bm-bn-Øo-cp-∂p.At∏mƒ B kwkvImcw kPo-h-amb kz¥w ]mc-º-cy-Øn¬\n∂v ss{IkvX-h-Po-hn-X-Øn\v ]pXnb Bhn-jvI-c-W-ssi-en-Iƒ kΩm-\n-°pw. Bcm-[-\m-{I-a-ØnepwNn¥m-co-Xn-bnepw kz¥w kwkvImcw Ah {]Xn-^-en-∏n-°pw.369 Aßs\ {]mtZ-inI kwkvIm-c-Øn¬ ]pfn-am-hm-bn AXv {]h¿Øn°pw; B kwkvIm-c-Øn¬ \ne-hn-en-cp∂ hN-\-Øns‚ hnØp-Ifpw (Semina Verbi) {Inbm-fl-

195

I LS-I-ßfpw hnI-kn-°m≥ CXv klm-bn-°pw. Aß-s\ B kwkvImcw kphn-ti-j-aq-ey-ßtfmSp Xpd-hn-bp-≈-Xm-Ipw.370

ss__nƒ hnh¿Ø-\hpw AXv IqSp-X¬ hn]p-e-ambn e`y-am-°epw

115. ssZh-h-N-\sØ hnhn[ kwkvIm-c-ßƒ kzmwio-I-cn-°p-∂Xv k`-bpsS Cu temIØnse ZuXy-Øns‚Hcp Ahn-̀ m-Py-L-S-I-am-Wv. Cu {]{In-b-bnse Hcp \n¿Æm-b-I-\n -an -j-am -Wv, ss__nƒ hnhn[ `mj-I-fn¬hnh¿Ø\w sNbvXv hym]-I-ambn e`y-am-°pI F∂ hne-tb-dnb Zu-Xyw. ""]g-b-\n-b-a Ime-Øp-Xs∂ hnip-≤-en-Jn-X-ßƒ ]cn-`m-j-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-cp∂p F∂ hkvXpX \mwFt∏mgpw Hm¿-Ωn-t°-≠-Xm-Wv. BZyw lo{_q ss__nƒAdam-bn°v `mj-bn-te°v (hmNy-cq-]-Øn¬) (s\-l. 8:8,12) hnh¿-Ø\w sNø-s∏-´p. ]n∂oSv {Ko°v ̀ mj-bn-te°vss__nƒ enJn-X-cq-]-Øn¬ hnh¿Ø\w sNø-s∏-́ p. aqe-Ir-Xnsb ]Zm-\p-]Zw a‰p ̀ mj-bn-em-°p-∂-X√ hnh¿Ø\wF∂v \ap-°-dn-bmw. Hcp {KŸ-`mKw `mjm-¥cw sNø-s∏-Sp-tºmƒ kmwkvIm-cn-I-amb ]›m-Ø-e-Ønepw am‰w hcp-tØ-≠n-h-cpw. hnhn[ `mj-I-fn¬ Bi-b-ßƒ ]q¿Æ-ambpw kam-\-am-bn-cn-°n-√, Htc {]Xo-I-Øn\v hyXykvXA¿∞-ß-fp-≠m-bn-cn-°pw. ImcWw hyXy-kvX-amb Nn¥m-ssi-en-bn¬\n∂pw ]mc-º-cy-ßfn¬\n∂pw Pohn-X-ssi-en-Ifn¬\n-∂p-amWv Ah Dcp-Øn-cn-bp-∂-Xv.''371

Ipsd Gsd {]mtZ-inI k`-Iƒ°v Ah-cpsSXs∂ ̀ m-j-bn-te°v hnh¿Ø\w sNbvX ss__nƒ Cs√∂v kn\-Un-\n-Sbv°v hy‡-am-°-s∏-´p. C∂v F{Xtbm Bfp-IƒssZh-h-N-\-Øn-\p-th≠n Zmln-°p-∂p. F¶nepw c≠mwhØn-°m≥ Iu¨kn¬ B{K-ln-®-Xpt]mse hnip-≤-en-Jn-X-ßƒ Ah¿°v {]bm-kw-Iq-SmsX e`y-am-Ip-∂n-√.372



AXp-sIm≠v hnhn[ `mj-I-fn-te°v ss__nƒ hnh¿-Ø\w sNøp-∂-Xn\v {]Xn-_-≤-X-bp≈ hnZ-Kv≤sc ]cn-io-en-∏n-°p-∂Xv Atß-b‰w {]m[m-\y-a¿ln-°p∂ Imcy-am-sW∂v kn\Uv Icp-Xn.373 Cu taJ-e-bn¬ hn`-h-ßƒ\nt£-]n-°p-hm≥ ([\w hn\n-tbm-Kn-°phm≥) Rm≥DXvt_m-[n-∏n-°p-∂p. ImØ-enIv ss__nƒ s^U-td-js‚ {]h¿Ø-\-ßƒ°v ]n≥XpW \¬I-W-sa∂v ip-]m¿isNøm≥ Rm≥ AXn-bmbn B{K-ln-°p-∂p. Aß-s\ hnh¿Ø-\-ß-fpsS FÆw h¿≤n-°p-hm\pw IqSp-X¬hym]-I-ambn hnip-≤-en-Jn-X-ßƒ e`y-am-Ip-hm\pw CS-bm-Ip-a-t√m.374 CØcw Hcp kwcw-`-Øns‚ kz`m-h-Øn¬\n∂p-Xs∂ hy‡-am-Ip-∂Xpt]mse, Ign-bp-∂{X hnhn[ss__nƒ skmssk-‰n-I-fp-ambn kl-I-cn-®p-thWw CXv\S-∏n-em-°m≥.

ssZh-h-N\w kwkvIm-c-Øns‚ ]cn-[n-IƒAXnew-Ln-°p∂p

116. ssZh-h-N-\hpw kwkvIm-c-ßfpw XΩn-ep≈_‘-sØ-∏‰n N¿® sNbvX-t∏mƒ, BZn-a-ss{I-kvX-h¿°vs]¥-t°m-kvXm-Zn-hkw sXm´v D≠mb A\p-`hw FSp-Øp-]-d-tb-≠-Xns‚ Bh-iy-IX kn\Uv ktΩ-f-\-Øn\vt_m≤y-ambn (A-∏. 12:1˛2). hnhn[ kwkvIm-c-ß-fnepw`mj-I-fnepw {]th-in-°p-∂-Xn\pw A\p-tbm-Py-amb Bhn-jvI-cWw Is≠-Øp-∂-Xn\pw ssZh-h-N-\-Øn\p Ign-bpw.AtX-k-a-bw-Xs∂ Hmtcm kwkvIm-c-Ønt‚bpw ]cn-an-Xn-Isf adn-I-S-°m-\pw. Aßs\ hnhn[ P\-X-Iƒ°n-S-bn¬Hcp Iq´mbva kr„n-°p-∂-Xn\pw AtX ssZh-h-N-\-Øn\pIgn-bpw. k` hnI-kn-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p∂ hnim-e-amb HcpIq´m-bva-bn-te°v \S-∂-Sp-°p-hm-\mWv I¿Øm-hns‚hN\w \tΩmSv Bh-iy-s∏-Sp-∂Xv; \sΩ hnfn-°p-∂-Xv.""\ΩpsS A\p-`-h-Øns‚ ]cn-an-Xn-Iƒ°-∏p-d-tØ°vIS∂p XnI®pw km¿Δ-{Xn-I-amb bmYm¿∞y-Øn¬ \mw

197

{]th-in-°p-∂p. ssZh-h-N-\-hp-am-bp≈ Iq´m-bva-bn¬ {]th-in-°p-tºmƒ ssZh-h-N-\w- Pohn-°p∂ k -̀bpsS Iq´m-bva-bn¬ \mw {]th-in-°p-∂p. Hmtcm kwkvIm-c-Øn-s‚bpw]cn-[n-Iƒ°-∏p-d-sØØn F√m-h-scbpw ]c-kv]cw _‘-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂Xpw H∂n-∏n-°p-∂Xpw F√m-h-scbpw ktlm-Z-co-k-tlm-Z-c-∑m-cm-°p-∂Xpamb km¿Δ euIn-I-X-bn¬\mw {]th-in-°p∂p F∂mWv CXn-\¿∞w.''375 ssZh-Øns‚ {]hrØn {]tLm-jn-°p-∂-Xn\v \Ωn¬\n∂v BZy-ambn Bh-iy-s∏-Sp-∂Xv ]pXnb Hcp ]pd-∏m-Sm-Wv. ]cn-an-Xn-I-fp≈ \ΩpsS am\-Z-WvU-ßfpw k¶-ev]-ßfpw Dt]-£n-®n´v {InkvXp-hns‚ km∂n-≤y-Øn\p ÿe-ap-≠m-°p-∂ Hcp ]pd-∏m-Sv.

ssZh-h-N-\hpwaXm¥ckwhmZhpw

a-Xßƒ XΩn-ep≈ kwhm-Z-Øns‚ aqeyw117. k∑-\- p≈ F√m a\p-jy-cp-am-bn, {]tXy-In®pw

a\p-jy-h¿§-Øns‚ hyXykvX aX-]-c-amb ]mc-º-cy-ßƒ]n¥p-S-cp-∂-h-cp-am-bn, ]c-kv]cw _‘-s∏-Sp-Ibpw kwhm-Z-Øn-te¿s∏-Sp-Ibpw kl-I-cn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂Xv hN-\-{]-tLm-j-W-Øns‚ Hc-h-iy-L-S-I-am-sW∂v Xncp-k`Icp-Xp-∂p. aX-hn-izm-k-]-c-amb sshcp-≤y-ßsf kwtbm-Pn-∏n-°m≥ {ian-°m-sXbpw Bt]-£n-I-kn-≤m¥w AwKo-I-cn-°m-sXbpw Cu kwhmZw \S-°-Ww. c≠mw hØn-°m≥ Iu¨kn-ens‚ "\ΩpsS bpKw' F∂ {]am-W-tc-J-bn¬ \¬In-bn-´p≈ am¿§-tcJ ChnsS ]n≥Xp-S-cm-hp-∂-Xm-Wv. Cu \n¿t±-i-ßƒ ]n∂oSv am¿]m-∏-am¿ {]t_m-[-\m-[n-Imcw D]-tbm-Kn®v hnI-kn-∏n-®n-́ p-≠v.376 C°m-eØvBtKm-f-h-XvI-cWw {ZpX-K-Xn-bn¬ \S-°p-∂-Xp-sIm≠vhnhn[ kwkvIm-c-ßfpw aX-hn-izm-k-hp-ap≈ P\-X-Iƒ°v



IqSp-X¬ ASp-Ø-dn-bm≥ Ign-bp∂ kml-N-cy-ap-≠m-bn-cn-°p-∂p. km¿Δ-eu-InI kmtlm-Z-cy-Øns‚ _‘-ßƒ]cn-t]m-jn-∏n-°p-∂-Xn\v bYm¿∞-amb aX-hn-izm-k-Øn\vFßs\sb√mw Ignbpw F∂v hy‡-am-°p-∂-Xn\v ssZh-]-cn-]m-e-\-bn¬ e`n® Hc-h-k-c-ambn CXns\ ImW-Ww.an°-hmdpw aX-\n-c-t]-£-X-bn¬ Du∂n-\n¬°p∂ \ΩpsSkaq-l-ß-fn¬ k¿Δ-i-‡\mb ssZh-amWv F√m \∑-bp-sSbpw ASn-Ø-d-sb∂pw km∑m¿§n-I-aq-ey-ß-fpsSA£b t{kmX-s ∂pw km¿Δ-{XnI kmtlm-Zcyw F∂Bi-b-Øns‚ i‡-amb tIm -́sb∂pw Xncn-®-dn-bp∂ Hcpat\m-̀ mhw ]cn-t]m-jn-∏n-°p-hm≥ aX-ßƒ°v Ign-bp-I-sb-∂Xv hfsc {]m[m-\y-a¿ln-°p∂ Hcp kwK-Xn-bm-Wv.

DZm-l-c-W-Øn-\v, blq-Z-˛ss{IkvX-h]mc-º-cy-Øn¬F√m P\-X-I-tfmSpw ssZh-Øn-\p≈ kvt\l-Øn\v lrZ-b-kv]¿in-bmb km£yw ImWm≥ Ign-bpw. t\ml-bp-am-bp-≠m°nb DS-º-Sn-bn¬ F√m P\-ß-sfbpw Ahn-Sp∂vHcmt«j-Øn¬ Dƒs∏-Sp-Øp-∂p; CXns‚ {]Xo-I-amWv"taL-ß-fn¬ {]Xy-£-s∏-Sp∂ ag-hn√v' (D-ev]. 9:13, 14,16). {]hm-N-I-∑m¿ ]d-bp-∂Xv ssZhw F√m P\-X-I-sfbpwk¿Δ-hym-]-I-amb Hscm‰ IpSpw-_-ambn Hcp-an-®p-Iq-´m≥B{K-ln-°p∂p F∂mWv (cf. G-i. 2:2ff; 42:6; 66:18-˛21;sPd. 4:2; k¶o. 47). ssZh-hp-am-bp≈ _‘hpw F√m-h-scbpw kvt\ln-°-W-sa∂ kZm-Nm-c-hn-[nbpw ]c-kv]cw_‘-s∏-´n-cn-°p∂p F∂-Xn\p≈ sXfnhv al-ØmbAt\Iw aX-]m-c-º-cy-ß-fn¬ ImWm≥I-gnbpw.

ss{IkvX-hcpw ap…o-ßfpw XΩn¬ kwhmZw

118. hn-hn[ aX-ß-fpsSbnS-bn¬ GI ssZhsØ Bcm-[n-°p-∂-h-cm-b377 C…mw-a-X-tØmSpw k` BZ-chv]pe¿Øp-∂p. Ah¿ A{_-lm-ans\ A\p-I-cn®v F√m-‰n-\p-ap-]cn {]m¿∞-\-bn-eq-sSbpw ....... Zm\[¿Ω-Øn-eq-sSbpwD]-hm-k-Øn-eq-sSbpw ssZhsØ Bcm-[n-°p-∂p. C…m-

199

anI ]mc-º-cy-Øn¬ ss__n-fn¬ ImWp∂ \nc-h[n IYm-]p-cp-j-∑mcpw {]Xo-I-ßfpw {]Xn-]m-Zy-ßfpw Dƒs°m≈p-∂p-s≠∂v \mw AwKo-I-cn-°p-∂p. tPm¨ t]mƒ c≠m-a≥ am¿]m∏ \S-Ønb {]b-Xv\-ßsf ]n≥Xp-S¿∂v, h¿j-ß-fmbn ss{IkvX-h¿°pw C…mwa-X-hn-izm-kn-Iƒ°pwCS-bn¬ ÿm]n-X-amb hnizm-k-]camb _‘-ßƒBflm¿∞hpw BZ-c-thm-Sp-Iq-Sn-b-Xp-amb kwhm-Z-Øns‚Acq-]n-bn¬ XpS¿∂pw hnI-kn-°p-sa∂ Fs‚ {]Xymi{]I-Sn-∏n-®p-sIm-≈-s´.378 Cu kwhm-Z-Øn¬ Poh-t\m-Sp≈BZ-chv Hcp ASn-ÿm-\-aq-ey-ambn I≠v AXn-t∑¬ Bg-ta-dnb hnNn-¥-\-ap-≠m-I-W-sa∂v kn\Uv Bh-iy-s∏-´p.P\-ßfpsS A\ym-[o-\-s∏-Sp-Øm-\m-ImØ Ah-Im-i-ßƒ,kv{XoIƒ°pw ]pcp-j-∑m¿°pw Htc-tXm-Xn-ep≈ A¥ v˛ Cu hnj-b-ßfpw hnNn-¥-\-Øn\p hnt[-b-am-°-Ww.kmaq-ln-I-˛-cm-{„ob taJ-ebpw aX-hn-izm-k-Øns‚ taJ-ebpw hyXy-kvX-ß-fm-sW∂ hkvXpX IW-°n-se-Sp-Øp-sIm-≠v, hnhn[ aX-ßƒ s]mXp-\-∑bv°v Xß-fp-tS-Xmbkw`m-h\ \¬I-Ww. ss{IkvX-hcpw ap…o-ßfpw ]c-kv]cw IqSp-X¬ ASp-Ø-dn-bp-∂-Xn\pw Aßs\ kaq-l-Øn-\m-h-iy-amb kam-[m-\-]-chpw {Inbm-fl-I-hp-amb kl-h¿ØnXzw hf¿Øp-∂-Xn\pw klm-b-Ihpw kap-Nn-X-hp-am-Ip-tºm-sg√mw c≠p-a-X-Øn¬s∏-́ -hcpw H∂n-®p-Iq-Sp-∂Xvsa{Xm≥k-an-Xn-Iƒ t{]m’m-ln-∏n-°-W-sa∂v kn\Uv\n¿t±-in-°p-∂p.379

a‰p-a-X-ß-fp-am-bp≈ kwhmZw

119. hnhn[ `qJ-WvU-ß-fnse aX-]-chpw Bflo-b-hp-amb {]mNo-\-]m-c-º-cy-ß-tfmSv Xncp-k-`-bv°p≈ BZ-chv hy‡-am-°m≥ Rm≥ B{K-ln-°p-∂p. hy‡n-IƒXΩnepw P\-X-Iƒ XΩn-ep-ap≈ ]c-kv]c [mcWKWyambn h¿≤n-∏n-°p-hm≥ Ign-bp∂ aqey-ßƒ Cu ]mc-º-cy-ßƒ Dƒs°m-≈p-∂p≠v.380 ]e-t∏mgpw Ah-cpsS aX-



{K-Ÿ-ß-fn¬ hy‡-am-°n-bn-´p≈ aqey-ß-tfmSpw \ap°vtbmPn-°m≥ Ign-bpw. DZm-l-c-W-Øn-\v, _p≤-a-X-Øn¬ImWp∂ Poh-t\m-Sp≈ BZ-c-hv, [ym\w, au\w, emfnXyw;lnμp-a-X-Øn¬ ImWp∂ ]hn-{Xamb-Xns\ BZ-cn-°p∂Ah-t_m-[w, XymKw, D]-hm-kw; I¨^yq-jy-\n-k-Øn¬,IpSpw-_-Øn\pw kmaq-ly-aq-ey-ßƒ°pw \¬Ip∂ {]m[m-\yw apX-em-bh. ssZh-Øns‚ AXo-{μn-bX kw_-‘n®Bflm¿∞-amb DXv°-WvT, ssZhsØ {k„m-hmbn Xncn-®-dn-b¬, Poh-t\mSpw hnhm-lw, IpSpw_w Ch-tbm-Sp-ap≈BZ-c-hv, a\p-jy-h¿§-Øns‚ Iq´mbva kw_-‘n® i‡-amb Ah-t_m[w ̨ A\y-aX ]mc-º-cy-ß-fn¬ CsX-√mwImWm≥ Ign-bp-∂Xv Rßsf k¥p-„-cm-°p-∂p.

kwhm-Zhpw aX-kzm-X-{¥yhpw

120. CsXms° icn-bm-sW-¶nepw, Hmtcm hy‡n-tbmSpw Bflm¿∞-amb BZ-chv ]pe¿Øp-∂n-s√-¶n¬,F√m-h¿°pw Ah-c-h-cpsS aX-hn-izm-k-a-\p-k-cn®v Pohn-°p-hm≥ kzmX-{¥y-as√-¶n¬, kwhm-Zw-sIm≠v ̂ e-ap-≠m-In-√. AXp-sIm-≠v, hnhn[ aX-ßƒ ]n¥p-S-cp-∂-h¿ XΩn-ep≈ kl-I-cWw t{]m’m-ln-∏n-°p-tºmgpw ""Xß-fpsSaX-hn-izmkw kzIm-cy-X-bnepw s]mXp-ÿ-eØpw G‰p-]-d-bp-hm-\p≈ kzmX-{¥yhpw a\x-km£n kzmX-{¥yhpw^e-{]-Z-am-b-co-Xn-bn¬ F√m hnizm-kn-Iƒ°pw \¬tI-≠-Xns‚ Bh-iy-I-Xbpw kn\Uv FSp-Øp-Im-´n.381 BZ-chpw kwhm-Zhpw F√m aWvU-e-ß-fnepw Ccp-`m-K-Øp-\n∂pw D≠m-I-Ww. ASn-ÿm-\-]-c-amb kzmX{¥yw kw-_-‘n-®v, {]tXy-In®pw aX-kzm-X{¥yw kw_-‘n-®v, Cu]mc-kv]cyw IqSn-tb-Xo-cq. CØcw BZ-chpw kwhm-Zhpwkam-[m-\-sØbpw P\-X-Iƒ XΩn-ep≈ ]c-kv]-c-[m-c-W-sbbpw ]cn-t]m-jn-∏n-°pw.''382

201

D]-kw-lmcw

ssZh-Øns‚ \n¿Æm-b-I-amb hN\w

121. "ssZh-h-N\w, k -̀bpsS Pohn-X-Ønepw {]h¿Ø-\-ß-fnepw' F∂ {]ta-bsØ Bkv]-Z-am°n \S∂ sa{Xm-∑m-cpsS kn\-Uns‚ ]{¥-≠m-aXp s]mXp-k-tΩ-f-\-Ønse[\y-amb ̂ e-ßƒ kam-l-cn-°p-hm\pw IqSp-X¬ ]q¿Æ-X-tbmsS ]cn-tim-[n-°p-hm-\p-amWv Cu hnNn-¥-\-Øn¬Rm≥ {ian-®Xv. CXv D]-kw-l-cn-°p-tºmƒ, ssZh-h-N-\-tØmSv IqSp-X¬ B`n-ap-Jy-ap-≈-h-cm-Ip-hm≥ AP-]m-e-I¿,ka¿∏n-X¿, Aevam-b¿ XpSßn apgp-h≥ ssZh-P-\-sØbpwt{]m’m-ln-∏n-°p-∂-Xn\v Rm≥ B{K-ln-°p∂p. B[n-Im-cn-Ihpw kPo-h-hp-amb F√m {InkvXob B[ym-fln-I-Xbpw A[n-jvTn-X-am-bn-cn-°p-∂Xv; k -̀bn¬ {]tLm-jn-°p-Ibpw kzoI-cn-°p-Ibpw BtLm-jn-°p-Ibpw [ym\-hn-j-b-am-°p-I-bpw-sN-ø-s∏-Sp∂ ssZh-N-\-Øn-emWv F∂p \mwHcn-°epw hnkva-cn-®p-IqSm. ssZh-h-N-\hpw k -̀bpsS kPo-h-]m-c-º-cy-hp-a-\p-k-cn®v Cu {]]-©-sØbpw Ncn-{X-sØ-bpw kw_-‘n® ssZh-Øns‚ \n¿Æm-b-I-h-N-\-Øn\pap≥]n-emWv \mw \ne-sIm-≈p-∂Xv F∂ Ah-t_m[w\ap-°p-s≠-¶n¬; ssZh-h-N-\-tØm-Sp≈ B`n-ap-Jy-Øn-ep≈ Cu hf¿®-bn¬ \mw IqSp-X¬ ipjvIm-¥n-bp-≈-h-cm-bn-cn°pw.

AkvXn-Xz-ap-≈-h-sb√mw ssZh-Øns‚ hN-\-Øns‚AS-bm-f-Øn\p Iogn-emWv F∂ [ym\-Øn-te°v hnip≤tbml-∂ms‚ kphn-tijw \sΩ \bn-°p∂p. hN\w]nXm-hn¬\n∂pw ]pd-s∏ v́ \ΩpsS CS-bn¬ hkn-°p-Ibpw


XncnsI ]nXm-hn-¶-te°v aS-ßp-Ibpw sNøp∂p. X∂nepwX\n-°p-th-≠nbpw Dcp-hm-°-s∏-́ -h-bmb ka-kvX-kr-jvSn-I-sfbpw ]nXm-hn-¶-te°v B\-bn-°p-∂-Xn\pth≠n-bm-WnXv. aW-hm-f-\mb Ahn-SpsØ bpKm-t¥ym-∑p-J-ambshfn-s∏-Sp-Ø-ens\ {i≤m-]q¿Δw ImØp-sIm-≠mWv k`Ct∏mƒ Ah-fpsS ZuXyw \n¿Δ-ln-°p-∂Xv; BflmhpwaW-hm-´nbpw ]d-bp∂p: ""hcnI'' (shfn. 22:17). Cu {]Xo-£-bm-Is´ Hcn-°epw \njv{In-b-amb H∂√; adn®v F√ma\p-jy-scbpw kuJy-am-°p-Ibpw c£n-°p-Ibpw sNøp∂ssZh-Øns‚ hN\w {]tLm-jn-°p-∂-Xn-\p≈ t{]jn-X-Xo-£vW-X-bm-WXv. D∞n-X-\mb tbip C∂pw \tΩmSp]d-bp∂p: ""temI-sa-ßpw-t]mbn F√m krjvSn-I-tfmSpwkphn-tijw {]kw-Kn-°p-hn≥'' (a¿t°m. 16:15).

]pXnb kphn-ti-j-h-XvI-c-Whpw ]pXnb {ih-Whpw

122. ssZh-h-N-\-Øn\v ]pØ-\p-W¿thmsS Im-tXm¿-°p-∂Xpw Hcp ]pXnb kphn-ti-j-h-XvI-c-Whpw \ΩpsSIme-L-´-Øns‚ apJ-ap-{Z-bm-IWw. {InkvXob Pohn-X-Øn¬ ssZh-h-N-\-Øn-\p≈ tI{μ-ÿm\w hos≠-Sp-°p-tºmƒ, hnizm-k-Øn¬\n∂pw AI-se-bm-bn-cn-°p∂ P\-X-I-fpsS CS-bn-ep≈ {]h¿Ø-\hpw (missio ad gentes) \hkphn-ti-j-h-XvI-c-Whpw Xo{h-ambn Bcw-̀ n-°p-hm-\p≈,tPm¨ t]mƒ c≠m-a≥ am¿]m-∏-bpsS i‡-ambBlzm\w \ap°p IqSp-X¬ Dƒs°m-≈p-hm-\mIpw. kphn-tijw hnkva-cn-°-s∏-Sp-Itbm hym]-I-amb aX-\n-c-t]-£-X-aqew kphn-ti-j-tØmSv DZm-ko-\X ]pe¿Øp-ItbmsNøp∂ cmPy-ß-fn-emWv Cu {]h¿Ø-\-ßƒ {]tXy-I-ambn \S-t°-≠-sX∂v am¿]m∏ FSp-Øp-]-d-bp∂p. ]cn-ip-≤m-cq]n ssZh-tØm-Sp≈ hni∏pw Zmlhpw \Ωn-ep-W¿Øn kphn-ti-j-Øns‚ Xo£vW-X-bp≈ apt∂m-Sn-Ifpw km£n-I-fp-ambn \sΩ am‰s´.

203

I¿Øm-hns‚ kzcw {ihn-®-t∏mƒ Xs‚ Pohn-X-Øns‚KXn Xs∂ am‰nb P\-X-I-fpsS At∏m-kvXes\ ]n≥Xp-S¿∂v (cf. \S-]Sn 9:1˛30), \ap°pw, C∂v, ChnsS hy‡n-]-c-ambn \tΩmSp kwkm-cn-°p∂ ssZh-Øns‚ kzcw{ihn°mw. \S-]Sn ]pkvX-I-Øn¬ \mw hmbn-°p-∂-Xp-t]mse, ]cn-ip-≤m-cq]n, ]utem-kn-s\bpw _¿W-_m-kn-s\bpw ssZh-h-N\w {]tLm-jn-°p-∂-Xn\pw {]N-cn-∏n-°p-∂-Xn-\p-ambn {]tXyIw \ntbm-Kn-°p∂p (cf. 13:12). \ΩpsSIme-L-´-Ønepw t_m≤y-ap-≈-hcpw t_m≤yw \¬Im≥Ign-hp-≈-h-cp-amb {]tLm-j-I-scbpw t{imXm-°-sfbpwAtX ]cn-ip-≤m-cq]n \nc-¥cw hnfn-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p∂p.

hN-\hpw B\-μhpw

123. ssZh-h-N-\-tØmSp IqSp-X¬ Xpd-hn-bp-≈-h-cm-Ip-∂-Xn-\-\p-k-cn®v C∂pw ssZh-Øns‚ k`-bn¬ ]¥-°pkvXm alm-c-lkyw kw`-hn-°p-∂ps≠∂p Xncn-®-dn-bm≥ \ap°p Ignbpw. \sΩ ]q¿Æamb kXy-Øn-te°p\bn-°p-∂-Xn\pw hnip≤ enJn-X-ß-fpsS A¿∞w \ap°pa\- n-em-°n-Ø-cp-∂-Xn\pw temI-Øn¬ \sΩ c£-bpsShN-\-Øns‚ hniz-kvX-cmb apt∂m-Sn-I-fm-°n-Øo¿°p-∂-Xn\pwth≠n I¿Øm-hns‚ Bflmhv k -̀bn¬ Xs‚ Zm\-ßƒ XpS¿∂pw h¿jn-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p∂p. Aßs\ \mwtbml-∂ms‚ H∂mw teJ-\-Øn-te°v aS-ßn-h-cp∂p.ssZh-Øns‚ hm°p-I-fn¬ tbml-∂m-s\-t∏mse \ΩfpwAhn-SpsØ Pohs‚ hN\w tIƒ°p-Ibpw ImWp-Ibpwkv]¿in-°p-Ibpw sNbvXn-cn-°p∂p. \nXy-Po-hnXw shfn-s∏-Sp-Ø-s∏-´n-cn-°p∂p F∂p≈ {]Jym-]\w, ssZh-Ir-]-bm¬ \Ωfpw kzoI-cn®p. Aßs\ ]c-kv]-c-ap≈ \ΩpsSkmtlm-Zcyw a\- n-em-°p-hm\pw AwKo-I-cn-°p-hm\pw\ap°p Ign-bp∂p. hnizm-k-Øns‚ ap{Z-b-Wn™v \ap°pap≥t] IS-∂p-t]m-b-hcpw, temI-saßpw, hN\w {ihn-°p-Ibpw Znhy-_-en-bn¬ ]¶p-tN-cpIbpw sNbvXp-sIm≠v

D]-kw-lmcw


Xß-fpsS Pohn-X-Øn-eqsS D]-hn°v km£yw hln-°p-∂-h-sc√mw Cu kmtlm-Z-cy-Øns‚ he-b-Øn¬ Dƒs∏-Sp∂p. At∏m-kvX-e-\mb tbml-∂m≥ Hm¿Ωn-∏n-°p-∂-Xp-t]mse, ""\ΩpsS kt¥mjw ]q¿Æ-am-Ip-∂-Xn-\p-th-≠n-bmWv'' (1 tbml. 1:4) Cu {]tLm-jWw \Ω-fp-ambn ]¶p-h-bv°-s∏-´n-cn-°p-∂Xv.

hnip≤ tbml-∂m≥ ]d-bp∂ Imcy-ß-sf√mw kn\UvktΩ-f-\-Øn¬ Rßƒ°-\p-`-hn-®-dn-bp-hm≥ Ign™p:hN\w sFIyw (communion) krjvSn-°p-Ibpw kt¥m-jw(joy) {]Zm\w sNøp-Ibpw sNøp∂p. ]cn-ip-≤-{Xn-Xz-Øns‚Pohn-X-tI-{μ-Øn¬ Dd-sh-SpØv ]p{X-\n¬ \tΩmSv Adn-bn-°s∏´ ]c-a-amb Hcp kt¥m-j-am-WnXv; temI-Øn\p\¬Ip-hm≥ Ign-bmØ Ahm-Ny-amb Hcp k-t¥mjw.BtLm-j-ßƒ kwL-Sn-∏n-°p-hm≥ Ignbpw. F∂m¬kt¥mjw e`y-am-°m-\m-I-W-sa-∂n√. hnip≤ enJn-X-a-\p-k-cn®v, hN-\-Øn-te°v {]th-in-°p-hm≥ \sΩbpw \Ωn-te°v IS-∂p-h∂v \nXy-Po-hs‚ ^e-ßƒ ]pd-s∏-Sp-hn-°p-hm≥ ssZhnI hN-\-sØbpw {]m]vX-cm-°p∂ ]cn-ip-≤m-cq-]n-bpsS Zm\-amWv kt¥mjw (cf. Kem. 5:22). ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hns‚ i‡n-bm¬ ssZh-Øns‚ hN\w {]tLm-jn-°p-I-hgn bYm¿∞ kt¥m-j-Øns‚ t{kmX- n¬]s¶-Sp-°p-∂-Xn\v \Ωfpw B{K-ln-°p∂p. D]-cn-π-htam£Wn-Itam Bb Hcp kt¥m-j-a√; adn®v I¿Øm-hmbtbip-hn¬ am{X-amWv \nXy-Po-hs‚ hN- p-Iƒ D≈-sX∂t_m[y-Øn¬ \n∂pw Df-hm-Ip∂ kt¥m-j-amWv CXv(cf. tbml. 6:68).

hN-\-Øns‚ amXmhpw B\-μ-Øns‚ amXmhpw

124. ssZh-am-Xm-hmb adn-b-Øn¬, ssZh-Øns‚ hN-\hpw B\-μhpw XΩn-ep≈ Cu ZrV-amb _‘w {]I-S-am-Ip-∂p≠v. hnip≤ Fen-k-_-Øns‚ hm°p-Iƒ \ap-°-\p-kva-cn°mw; ""I¿Ømhv Acp-fn-s®bvX Imcy-ßƒ \nd-

205

th-dp-sa∂v hniz-kn-®-hƒ `mKy-hXn'' (eq°m 1:45). hniz-kn-®-Xn-\m¬ adnbw ̀ mKy-h-Xn-bmbn. temI-Øn\v \¬Ip-hm-\mbn ssZh-Øns‚ ]p{Xs\ Ahƒ DZ-c-Øn¬ kzoI-cn-®Xpw Cu hnizm-k-Øn-emWv. hN-\-Øn¬ \n∂p-¤-hn®Cu kt¥mjw, hnizm-k-Øn¬, ssZh-h-N-\-Øn-eqsS,Xß-sf-Øs∂ ]cn-h¿Ø-\-hn-t[-b-cm-°p∂ F√m-h-cn-te°pw hym]n-°p∂p. hN-\-{i-h-Whpw kt¥m-jhpwXΩn-ep≈ Cu _‘-Øns‚ clkyw, eq°m kphn-ti-j-I≥ c≠n-SØv Ah-X-cn-∏n-°p-∂p≠v: ""ssZh-h-N\w{ihn-°p-Ibpw AX-\p-k-cn®v {]h¿Øn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂-h-cmWv Fs‚ AΩbpw ktlm-Z-ccpw'' (eq°m 8:21).P\-°q-´-Øn¬\n∂v, "Ahn-SpsØ hln® DZ-chpw, ]meq-´nb ]tbm-[-c-ßfpw A\p-Kr-lo-X-ß-fm-Ip∂p' F∂p hnfn-®p-]-d™ kv{XotbmSv, bYm¿∞ kt¥m-j-Øns‚clkyw tbip shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂p≠v: ""ssZh-h-N\w tI v́AXp ]men-°p-∂-h¿ IqSp-X¬ `mKy-hm-∑m¿'' (eq°m12:28). adn-b-Øns‚ bYm¿∞-a-lØzw tbip Nq≠n-°m-Wn-°p-I-bm-Wn-hnsS. hN\w {ihn-°p-Ibpw ]men-°p-IbpwsNbvXp-sIm≠v \ap°pw {]m]n-°m-hp∂ Hc-\p-Kr-lo-Xm-h-ÿ-bm-W-sX∂v Ahn-Sp∂v FSp-Øp-]-d-bp∂p. ssZh-tØm-Sp-ff hy‡n-]-chpw kaq-l-]-c-hp-amb \ΩpsS_‘w ssZh-h-N-\-tØm-Sp≈ B`n-ap-Jy-Øn¬ \mw hf-cp-∂-Xns\ B{i-bn-®m-Wn-cn-°p-∂Xv F∂ Imcyw F√mss{IkvX-h-scbpw A\p-kva-cn-∏n-°p-∂-Xn\v Rm≥ B{K-ln-°p∂p. Ah-km-\-ambn, k`-tbm-Sp≈ _‘-Øn¬-\n∂pw th¿s]-´p-t]m-b-hcpw hnizmkw Dt]-£n-®-hcpwc£-bpsS {]tLm-jWw Hcn-°epw {ihn-®n-́ n-√m-Ø-hcpwDƒs∏sS, F√m kv{Xo]p-cp-j-∑m-cn-te°pw Fs‚ {i≤Xncn-bp∂p. F√m-h-tcm-Sp-ambn I¿Ømhp ]d-bp∂p: ""CXmRm≥ hmXn-en¬ ap´p∂p. Bsc-¶nepw Fs‚ kzcw tI´vhmXn¬Xp-d∂p X∂m¬ Rm≥ Ahs‚ ASp-tØbv°p

D]-kw-lmcw


hcpw. Rßƒ Hcp-an®v `£n-°p-Ibpw sNøpw'' (shfn.3:20)

\ΩpsS Hmtcm Znh-k-sØbpw PohnXw, ]nXm-hns‚amwkw-[-cn® hN-\-amb {InkvXp-hp-am-bp≈ Hcp \h-ambI≠p-ap-´-en-eqsS cq]-s∏-Sp-∂-Xm-Is´. Ahn-Sp∂v Bcw-`-Ønepw A¥y-Ønepw k∂n-ln-X-\mWv. ""Ah-\n¬ ka-kvXhpw ÿnXn-sN-øp∂p'' (sImtfm. 1:17). I¿Øm-hns‚hN\w {ihn-°p-∂-Xn\pw Ah-sb-∏‰n [ym\n-°p-∂-Xn\pw]cn-ip-≤m-cq-]n-bpsS {]h¿Ø-\-Øm¬ B hN-\-ßƒ\ΩpsS lrZ-b-ß-fn¬ \ne-\n∂v Pohn-X-Ønse HmtcmZnh-khpw \tΩmSp kwkm-cn-°p-∂-Xn-\p-ambn \n»-_vZ-X-bn¬ \ap°p ImtXm¿°mw. Cu hn[-Øn¬ \nXyw \ne-\n¬°p∂ hN-\-Øm¬ (cf. 1 ]t{Xm. 1:25, Gi. 40:8),k` F√m-bvt∏mgpw \ho-I-cn-°-s∏-Sp-Ibpw \h-ssN-X-\y-am¿÷n-°p-Ibpw sNøpw. Aßs\, hnip≤ enJn-X-ßƒD]-kw-l-cn-°-s∏-Sp∂ kvt\tlm-jva-f-amb B kwhm-Z-Øn¬ \Ωfpw ]¶m-fn-I-fm-bn-Øocpw: ""Bflmhpw aW-hm-´nbpw ]d-bp∂p: "hcnI!' CXp km£y-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-h¿]d-bp∂p: "AsX Rm≥ thKw hcp∂p, BtΩ≥, I¿Øm-hmb tbipth htc-Wta!'' (shfn. 22:17˛20).

Fs‚ ]m∏m ip{iq-j-bpsS Bdmw h¿jw, 2010sk]v‰w-_¿ 30-˛\v, hnip≤ sPtdm-ans‚ A\p-kva-c-Wm-Zn-\-Øn¬, tdman¬ sk‚ v ]ot‰-gvkn¬h®v \¬I-s∏-´Xv.

s_\-UnIvSv ]Xn-\m-dm-a≥ am¿]m∏

207

NOTES1 Cf. Propositio 1.2 Cf. Twelfth Ordinary General Assembly of the Synod of Bishops,

Instrumentum Laboris, 27.3 Cf. Leo XIII, Encyclical Letter Providentissimus Deus (18 November

1893): ASS 26 (1893-94), 269-292; Benedict XV, Encyclical LetterSpiritus Paraclitus (15 September 1920): AAS 12 (1920), 385-422; PIUSXII, Encyclical Letter Divino Afflante Spiritu (30 September 1943): AAS35 (1943), 297-325.

4 Propositio 2.5 Ibid.6 Second Vatican Ecumenical Council, Dogmatic Constitution on

Divine Revelation Dei Verbum, 2.7 Ibid., 48 Noteworthy among various kinds of interventions are: Paul VI,

Apostolic Letter Summi Dei Verbum (4 November 1963): AAS 55 (1963),979-995; Motu Proprio Sedula Cura (27 June 1971): AAS 63 (1971),665-669; John Paul II, General Audience (1 May 1985): L’OsservatoreRomano, 2-3 May 1985, p. 6; Address on the Interpretation of the Bible in theChurch (23 April 1993): AAS 86 (1994), 232-243; Benedict XVI, Addressto the International Congress held on the Fortieth Anniversary of “Dei Verbum”(16 September 2005): AAS 97 (2005), 957; Angelus (6 November 2005):Insegnamenti I (2005), 759-760. Also worthy of mention are theinterventions of the Pontifical Biblical Commission, De Sacra Scripturaet Christologia (1984): Enchiridion Vaticanum 9, Nos. 1208-1339; Unityand Diversity in the Church (11 April 1988): Enchiridion Vaticanum 11,Nos. 544-643; The Interpretation of the Bible in the Church (15 April 1993):Enchiridion Vaticanum 13, Nos. 2846-3150; The Jewish People and theirSacred Scriptures in the Christian Bible (24 May 2001): Enchiridion Vaticanum20, Nos. 733-1150; The Bible and Morality. Biblical Roots of Christian Conduct(11 May 2008): Vatican City, 2008.

9 Cf. Benedict XVI, Address to the Roman Curia (22 December 2008):AAS 101 (2009), 49.

10 Cf. Propositio 37.11 Cf. Pontifical Biblical Commission, The Jewish People and their Sacred

Scriptures in the Christian Bible (24 May 2001): Enchiridion Vaticanum 20,Nos. 733-1150.


12 Benedict XVI, Address to the Roman Curia (22 December 2008):AAS 101 (2009), 50.

13 Cf. Benedict XVI, Angelus (4 January 2009): Insegnamenti V, 1 (2009),13.

14 Cf. Relatio ante disceptationem, I.15 Second Vatican Ecumenical Council, Dogmatic Constitution on

Divine Revelation Dei Verbum, 2.16 Benedict XVI, Encyclical Letter Deus Caritas Est (25 December

2005), 1: AAS 98 (2006), 217-218.17 Instrumentum Laboris, 9.18 Nicene-Constantinopolitan Creed: DS 150.19 Saint Bernard of Clairvaux, Homilia super missus est, IV, 11: PL 183,

86B.20 Cf. Second Vatican Ecumenical Council, Dogmatic Constitution

on Divine Revelation Dei Verbum, 10.21 Cf. Propositio 3.22 Cf. Congregation for the doctrine of the faith, Declaration on the

Unicity and Salvific Universality of Jesus Christ and of the ChurchDominus Iesus (6 August 2000), 13-15: AAS 92 (2000), 754-756.

23 Cf. In Hexaemeron, XX, 5: Opera Omnia V, Quaracchi 1891, pp.425-426; Breviloquium I, 8: Opera Omnia V, Quaracchi 1891, pp. 216-217.

24 Itinerarium mentis in Deum, II, 12: Opera Omnia V, Quaracchi 1891,pp. 302-303; cf. Commentarius in librum Ecclesiastes, Cap. 1, vers. 11;Quaestiones, II, 3: Opera Omnia VI, Quaracchi 1891, p. 16.

25 Second Vatican Ecumenical Council, Dogmatic Constitution onDivine Revelation Dei Verbum, 3; cf. First Vatican Ecumenical Council,Dogmatic Constitution on the Catholic Faith Dei Filius, Chap. 2, DeRevelatione: DS 3004.

26 Cf. Propositio 13.27 International Theological Commission, In Search of a Universal

Ethics: A New Look at the Natural Law, Vatican City, 2009, No. 39.28 Cf. Summa Theologiae, Ia-IIae, q. 94, a. 2.29 Cf. Pontifical Biblical Commission, The Bible and Morality, Biblical

Roots of Christian Conduct (11 May 2008), Vatican City, 2008, Nos. 13,32, 109.

30 Cf. International Theological Commission, In Search of a UniversalEthics: A New Look at the Natural Law, Vatican City, 2009, No. 102.

209

31 Cf. Benedict XVI, Homily during the Celebration of Terce at the Beginningof the First General Congregation of the Synod of Bishops (6 October 2008):AAS 100 (2008), 758-761.

32 Second Vatican Ecumenical Council, Dogmatic Constitution onDivine Revelation Dei Verbum, 14.

33 Benedict XVI, Encyclical Letter Deus Caritas Est (25 December2005), 1: AAS 98 (2006), 217-218.

34 “Ho Logos pachynetai (or: brachynetai)”. Cf. Origen, Peri Archon,I, 2,8: SC 252, 127-129.

35 Benedict XVI, Homily on the Solemnity of the Birth of the Lord (24December 2006): AAS 99 (2007), 12.

36 Cf. Final Message, II, 4-6.37 Maximus the Confessor, Life of Mary, No. 89: Testi mariani del primo

millennio, 2, Rome, 1989, p. 253.38 Cf. Benedict XVI, Post-Synodal Apostolic Exhortation Sacramentum

Caritatis (22 February 2007), 9-10: AAS 99 (2007), 111-112.39 Benedict XVI, General Audience (15 April 2009): L’Osservatore

Romano, 16 April 2009, p.1.40 Id., Homily for the Solemnity of Epiphany (6 January 2009): L’Osservatore

Romano, 7-8 January 2009, p. 8.41 Second Vatican Ecumenical Council, Dogmatic Constitution on

Divine Revelation Dei Verbum, 4.42 Propositio 4.43 Saint John of the Cross, Ascent of Mount Carmel, II, 22.44 Propositio 47.45 Catechism of the Catholic Church, 67.46 Cf. Congregation for the doctrine of the Faith, The Message of

Fatima (26 June 2000): Enchiridion Vaticanum 19, Nos. 974-1021.47 Adversus Haereses, IV, 7, 4: PG 7, 992-993; V, 1, 3: PG 7, 1123; V, 6,

1: PG 7, 1137; V, 28, 4: PG 7, 1200.48 Cf. Benedict XVI, Post-Synodal Apostolic Exhortation Sacramentum

Caritatis (22 February 2007), 12: AAS 99 (2007), 113-114.49 Cf. Propositio 5.50 Adversus Haereses, III, 24, 1: PG 7, 966.51 Homiliae in Genesim, XXII, 1: PG 53, 175.52 Epistula 120, 10: CSEL 55, 500-506.53 Homiliae in Ezechielem, I, VII, 17: CC 142, p. 94.

NOTES


54 “Oculi ergo devotae animae sunt columbarum quia sensus eiusper Spiritum sanctum sunt illuminati et edocti, spiritualia sapientes.Nunc quidem aperitur animae talis sensus, ut intellegat Scripturas”:Richard of Saint Victor, Explicatio in Cantica Canticorum, 15: PL 196,450B and D.

55 Sacramentarium Serapionis II (XX): Didascalia et ConstitutionesApostolorum, ed F.X. Funk, II, Paderborn, 1906, p. 161.


57 Ibid., 8.58 Ibid.59 Cf. Propositio 3.60 Cf. Final Message II, 5.61 Expositio Evangelii secundum Lucam, 6, 33: PL 15, 1677.62 Second Vatican Ecumenical Council, Dogmatic Constitution on

Divine Revelation Dei Verbum, 13.63 Catechism of the Catholic Church, 102; Cf. also Rupert of Deutz, De

Operibus Spiritus Sancti, I, 6: SC 131:72-74.64 Enarrationes in Psalmos, 103, IV, 1: PL 37, 1378. Similar statements

in ORIGEN, In Iohannem V, 5-6: SC 120, pp. 380-384.65 Cf. Second Vatican Ecumenical Council, Dogmatic Constitution

on Divine Revelation Dei Verbum, 21.66 Ibid., 9.67 Cf. Propositiones 5 and 12.68 Cf. Second Vatican Ecumenical Council, Dogmatic Constitution

on Divine Revelation Dei Verbum, 12.69 Cf. Propositio 12.70 Second Vatican Ecumenical Council, Dogmatic Constitution on

Divine Revelation Dei Verbum, 11.71 Propositio 4.72 Prol: Opera Omnia V, Quaracchi 1891, pp. 201-202.73 Cf. Benedict XVI, Address to Representatives of the World of Culture

at the “Collège des Bernardins” in Paris (12 September 2008): AAS 100(2008), 721-730.

74 Cf. Propositio 4.75 Cf. Relatio post disceptationem, 12.76 Second Vatican Ecumenical Council, Dogmatic Constitution on

Divine Revelation Dei Verbum, 5.

211

77 Propositio 4.78 For example: Dt 28:1-2,15,45; 32:1; among the prophets, see: Jer

7:22-28; Ez 2:8; 3:10; 6:3; 13:2; up to the latest: cf. Zech 3:8. For SaintPaul, cf. Rom 10:14-18; 1 Th 2:13.

79 Propositio 55.80 Cf. Benedict XVI, Post-Synodal Apostolic Exhortation Sacramentum

Caritatis (22 February 2007), 33: AAS 99 (2007), 132-133.81 Id., Encyclical Letter Deus Caritas Est (25 December 2005), 41:

AAS 98 (2006), 251.82 Propositio 55.83 Cf. Expositio Evangelii secundum Lucam, 2, 19: PL 15, 1559-1560.84 Breviloquium, Prol.: Opera Omnia, V, Quaracchi 1891, pp. 201-202.85 Summa Theologiae, Ia-IIae, q. 106, art. 2.86 Pontifical biblical commission, The Interpretation of the Bible in the

Church (15 April 1993), III, A, 3: Enchiridion Vaticanum 13, No. 3035.87 Second Vatican Ecumenical Council, Dogmatic Constitution on

Divine Revelation Dei Verbum, 12.88 Contra epistulam Manichaei quam vocant fundamenti, V, 6: PL 42, 176.89 Cf. BenedictXVI, General Audience (14 November 2007): Insegnamenti

III 2 (2007), 586-591.90 Commentariorum in Isaiam libri, Prol.: PL 24, 17.91 Epistula 52:7: CSEL 54, p. 426.92 Pontifical Biblical Commission, The Interpretation of the Bible in the

Church (15 April 1993), II, A, 2: Enchiridion Vaticanum 13, No. 2988.93 Ibid., II, A, 2: Enchiridion Vaticanum 13, No. 2991.94 Homiliae in Ezechielem I, VII, 8: PL 76, 843D.95 Second Vatican Ecumenical Council, Dogmatic Constitution on

Divine Revelation Dei Verbum, 24; cf. Leo XIII, Encyclical LetterProvidentissimus Deus (18 November 1893), Pars II, sub fine: ASS 26(1893-94), 269-292; BenedictXV, Encyclical Letter Spiritus Paraclitus(15 September 1920), Pars III: AAS 12 (1920), 385-422.

96 Cf. Propositio 26.97 Cf. Pontifical Biblical Commission, The Interpretation of the Bible in

the Church (15 April 1993), A-B: Enchiridion Vaticanum 13, Nos. 2846-3150.

98 Benedict XVI, Intervention in the Fourteenth General Congregation ofthe Synod (14 October 2008): Insegnamenti IV, 2 (2008), 492; cf. Propositio25.

NOTES


99 Id., Address to Representatives of the World of Culture at the “Collège desBernardins” in Paris (12 September 2008): AAS 100 (2008), 722-723.


101 Cf. John Paul II, Address for the Celebration of the Centenary of theEncyclical Providentissimus Deus and the Fiftieth Anniversary of theEncyclical Divino Afflante Spiritu (23 April 1993): AAS 86 (1994), 232-243.

102 Ibid., 4: AAS 86 (1994), 235.103 Ibid., 5: AAS 86 (1994), 235.104 Ibid., 5: AAS 86 (1994), 236.105 Pontifical Biblical Commission, The Interpretation of the Bible in the

Church (15 April 1993), III, C, 1: Enchiridion Vaticanum 13, No. 3065.106 No. 12.107 Benedict XVI, Intervention at the Fourteenth General Congregation of

the Synod (14 October 2008): Insegnamenti IV, 2 (2008), 493; cf. Propositio25.

108 Cf. Propositio 26.109 Propositio 27.110 Benedict XVI, Intervention at the Fourteenth General Congregation of

the Synod (14 October 2008): Insegnamenti IV, 2 (2008), 493; cf. Propositio26.

111 Cf. ibid.112 Ibid.113 Cf. Propositio 27.114 Benedict XVI, Intervention at the Fourteenth General Congregation of

the Synod (14 October 2008): Insegnamenti IV, 2 (2008), 493-494.115 John Paul II, Encyclical Letter Fides et Ratio (14 September 1998),

55: AAS 91 (1999), 49-50.116 Cf. Benedict XVI, Address to the Fourth National Ecclesial Congress

in Italy (19 October 2006): AAS 98 (2006), 804-815.117 Cf. Propositio 6.118 Cf. Saint Augustine, De libero arbitrio, III, XXI, 59: PL 32, 1300;

De Trinitate, II, I, 2: PL 42, 845.119 Congregation for Catholic Education, Instruction Inspectis Dierum

(10 November 1989), 26: AAS 82 (1990), 618.120 Catechism of the Catholic Church, 116.121 Summa Theologiae, I, q. 1, art. 10, ad 1.

213

122 Catechism of the Catholic Church, 118.123 Pontifical Biblical Commission, The Interpretation of the Bible in the

Church (15 April 1993), II, A, 2: Enchiridion Vaticanum 13, No. 2987.124 Ibid., II, B, 2: Enchiridion Vaticanum 13, No. 3003.125 Benedict XVI, Address to Representatives of the World of Culture at

the “Collège des Bernardins” in Paris (12 September 2008): AAS 100 (2008),726.

126 Ibid.127 Cf. Id., General Audience (9 January 2008): Insegnamenti IV, 1 (2008),

41-45.128 Cf. Propositio 29.129 De Arca Noe, 2, 8: PL 176, 642C-D.130 Cf. Benedict XVI, Address to Representatives of the World of Culture

at the “Collège des Bernardins” in Paris (12 September 2008): AAS 100(2008), 725.

131 Cf. Propositio 10; Pontifical Biblical Commission, The Jewish Peopleand their Sacred Scriptures in the Christian Bible (24 May 2001): EnchiridionVaticanum 20, Nos. 748-755.

132 Cf. Catechism of the Catholic Church, 121-122.133 Propositio 52.134 Cf. Pontifical Biblical Commission, The Jewish People and their Sacred

Scriptures in the Christian Bible (24 May 2001), 19: Enchiridion Vaticanum20, Nos. 799-801; Origen, Homily on Numbers 9, 4: SC 415, 238-242.

135 Catechism of the Catholic Church, 128.136 Ibid., 129.137 Propositio 52.138 Quaestiones in Heptateuchum, 2, 73: PL 34, 623.139 Homiliae in Ezechielem I, VI, 15: PL 76, 836B.140 Propositio 29.141 John paul II, Message to the Chief Rabbi of Rome (22 May 2004):

Insegnamenti XXVII, 1 (2004), p. 655.142 Cf. Pontifical Biblical Commission, The Jewish People and their Sacred

Scriptures in the Christian Bible (24 May 2001), 87: Enchiridion Vaticanum20, No. 1150.

143 Cf. Benedict XVI, Farewell Discourse at Ben Gurion InternationalAirport in Tel Aviv (15 May 2009): Insegnamenti, V, 1 (2009), 847-849.

144 John Paul II, Address to the Chief Rabbis of Israel (23 March 2000):Insegnamenti XXIII, 1 (2000), 434.

NOTES


145 Cf. Propositiones 46 and 47.146 Pontifical Biblical Commission, The Interpretation of the Bible in the

Church (15 April 1993), I, F: Enchiridion Vaticanum 13, No. 2974.147 Cf. Benedict XVI, Address to Representatives of the World of Culture

at the “Collège des Bernardins” in Paris (12 September 2008): AAS 100(2008), 726.

148 Propositio 46.149 Propositio 28.150 Second Vatican Ecumenical Council, Dogmatic Constitution on

Divine Revelation Dei Verbum, 23.151 It should be recalled, however, that with regard to the so-called

deuterocanonical books of the Old Testament and their inspiration,Catholics and Orthodox do not have exactly the same biblical canonas Anglicans and Protestants.

152 Cf.Relatio post disceptationem, 36.153 Propositio 36.154 Cf. Benedict XVI, Address to the Eleventh Ordinary Council of the

General Secretariat of the Synod of Bishops (25 January 2007): AAS 99(2007), 85-86.

155 Second Vatican Ecumenical Council, Decree on EcumenismUnitatis Redintegratio, 21.

156 Cf. Propositio 36.157 Cf. Second Vatican Ecumenical Council, Dogmatic Constitution

on Divine Revelation Dei Verbum, 10.158 Encyclical Letter Ut Unum Sint (25 May 1995), 44: AAS 87 (1995),

947.159 Second Vatican Ecumenical Council, Dogmatic Constitution on

Divine Revelation Dei Verbum, 10.160 Ibid.161 Cf. ibid., 24.162 Cf. Propositio 22.163 Saint Gregory the Great,Moralia in Job XXIV, VIII, 16: PL 76,

295.164 Cf. Saint Athanasius,Vita Antonii, II: PL 73:127.165 Moralia, Regula LXXX, XXII: PG 31, 867.166 Rule, 73, 3: SC 182, 672.167 Thomas of Celano,First Life of Saint Francis, IX, 22: FF 356.

215

168 Rule, I, 1-2: FF 2750.169 Blessed Jordan of Saxony, Libellus de principiis Ordinis Praedicatorum,

104; Monumenta Fratrum Praedicatorum Historica, Rome, 1935, 16, p. 75.170 Order of Friars Preacher, First Constitutions or Consuetudines, II,

XXXI.171 Vita, 40, 1.172 Cf. Story of a Soul, Ms B, 254.173 Ibid., Ms C, 35v.174 In Iohannis Evangelium Tractatus, I, 12: PL 35, 1385.175 Encyclical Letter Veritatis Splendor (6 August 1993), 25: AAS 85

(1993), 1153.176 Second Vatican Ecumenical Council, Dogmatic Constitution on

Divine Revelation Dei Verbum, 8.177 Relatio post disceptationem, 11.178 No. 1.179 BenedictXVI, Address to the International Congress “Sacred Scripture

in the Life of the Church” (16 September 2005): AAS 97 (2005), 956.180 Cf. Relatio post disceptationem, 10.181 Final Message, III, 6.182 Second Vatican Ecumenical Council, Constitution on the Sacred

Liturgy Sacrosanctum Concilium, 24.183 Ibid., 7.184 Ordo Lectionum Missae, 4.185 Ibid, 9.186 Ibid., 3; cf. Lk 4:16-21; 24:25-35, 44-49.187 Second Vatican Ecumenical Council, Constitution on Sacred

Liturgy Sacrosanctum Concilium, 102.188 Cf. Benedict XVI, Post-Synodal Apostolic Exhortation

Sacramentum Caritatis (22 February 2007), 44-45: AAS 99 (2007) 139-141.

189 Pontifical Biblical Commission, The Interpretation of the Bible in theChurch (15 April 1993) IV, C, 1: Enchiridion Vaticanum 13, No. 3123.

190 Ibid., III, B, 3: Enchiridion Vaticanum 13, No. 3056.191 Cf. Second Vatican Ecumenical Council, Constitution on the

Sacred Liturgy Sacrosanctum Concilium, 48, 51, 56; Dogmatic Constitutionon Divine Revelation Dei Verbum, 21, 26; Decree on the MissionaryActivity of the Church Ad Gentes, 6, 15; Decree on the Ministry andLife of Priests Presbyterorum Ordinis, 18; Decree on the Renewal of the

NOTES


Religious Life Perfectae Caritatis, 6. In the Church’s great Tradition wefind significant expressions such as “Corpus Christi intelligitur etiam […]Scriptura Dei” (“God’s Scripture is also understood as the Body ofChrist”): Waltramus, De Unitate Ecclesiae Conservanda, 1, 14, ed. W.Schwenkenbecher, Hanoverae, 1883, p. 33; “The flesh of the Lord istrue food and his blood true drink; this is the true good that is reservedfor us in this present life, to nourish ourselves with his flesh and drinkhis blood, not only in the Eucharist but also in reading sacred Scripture.Indeed, true food and true drink is the word of God which we derivefrom the Scriptures”: Saint Jerome, Commentarius in Ecclesiasten, III: PL23, 1092A.

192 J. Ratzinger (Benedict XVI), Jesus of Nazareth, New York, 2007,268.

193 Ordo Lectionum Missae, 10.194 Ibid.195 Cf. Propositio 7.196 Encyclical Letter Fides et Ratio (14 September 1998), 13: AAS 91

(1999), 16.197 Cf. Catechism of the Catholic Church, 1373-1374.198 Cf. Second Vatican Ecumenical Council, Constitution on Sacred

Liturgy Sacrosanctum Concilium, 7.199 In Psalmum 147: CCL 78, 337-338.200 Second Vatican Ecumenical Council, Dogmatic Constitution on

Divine Revelation Dei Verbum, 2.201 Cf. Constitution on Sacred Liturgy Sacrosanctum Concilium, 107-

108.202 Ordo Lectionum Missae, 66.203 Propositio 16.204 Benedict XVI, Post-Synodal Apostolic Exhortation Sacramentum

Caritatis (22 February 2007), 45: AAS 99 (2007), 140-141.205 Cf. Propositio 14.206 Cf. Code of Canon Law, cc. 230 §2; 204 §1.207 Ordo Lectionum Missae, 55208 Ibid., 8.209 No. 46: AAS 99 (2007), 141.210 Cf. Second Vatican Ecumenical Council, Dogmatic Constitution

on Divine Revelation Dei Verbum, 25.211 Propositio 15.

217

212 Ibid.213 Sermo 179, 1: PL 38, 966.214 Cf. Benedict XVI, Post-Synodal Apostolic Exhortation

Sacramentum Caritatis (22 February 2007), 93: AAS 99 (2007), 177.215 Congregation for Divine Worship and the Discipline of the

Sacraments, Compendium Eucharisticum (25 March 2009), Vatican City,2009.

216 Epistula 52, 7: CSEL 54, 426-427.217 Propositio 8.218 The Rite of Penance, 17.219 Ibid., 19.220 Propositio 8.221 Propositio 19.222 Principles and Norms for the Liturgy of the Hours, III, 15.223 Constitution on Sacred Liturgy Sacrosanctum Concilium, 85.224 Cf. Code of Canon Law, cc. 276 § 3, 1174 § 1.225 Cf. Code of Canons of the Eastern Churches, cc. 377; 473 § 1 and 2,

1°; 538 § 1; 881 § 1.226 Book of Blessings, Introduction, 21.227 Cf. Propositio 18; Second Vatican Ecumenical Council, Constitution

on Sacred the Liturgy Sacrosanctum Concilium, 35.228 Cf. Benedict XVI, Post-Synodal Apostolic Exhortation

Sacramentum Caritatis (22 February 2007), 745: AAS 99 (2007), 162-163.

229 Ibid.230 Congregation for Divine Worship and the Discipline of the

Sacraments, Directory of Popular Piety and the Liturgy, Principles andGuidelines (17 December 2001), 87: Enchiridion Vaticanum 20, No. 2461.

231 Cf. Propositio 14.232 Cf. Saint Ignatius of Antioch, Ad Ephesios, XV, 2: Patres Apostolici,

ed. F.X. Funk, Tubingae, 1901, I, 224.233 Saint Augustine, Sermo 288, 5: PL 38, 1307; Sermo 120, 2: PL 38,

677.234 General Instruction of the Roman Missal, 56235 Ibid., 45; cf.Second Vatican Ecumenical Council, Constitution

on Sacred Liturgy Sacrosanctum Concilium, 30.236 Ordo Lectionum Missae, 13.237 Cf. ibid., 17.

NOTES


238 Propositio 40.239 Cf . General Instruction of the Roman Missal, 309.240 Cf. Propositio 14.241 Benedict XVI, Post-Synodal Apostolic Exhortation Sacramentum

Caritatis (22 February 2007), 69: AAS 99 (2007), 157.242 Cf. General Instruction of the Roman Missal, 57.243 Propositio 14.244 Cf. Canon 36 of the Synod of Hippo, in the year 399: DS 186.245 Cf. John Paul II, Apostolic Letter Vicesimus Quintus Annus (4

December 1988), 13: AAS 81 (1989) 910; Congregation for DivineWorship and the Discipline of the Sacraments, InstructionRedemptionisSacramentum (25 March 2004), 62: Enchiridion Vaticanum 22, No. 2248.

246 Cf. Second Vatican Ecumenical Council, Constitution on SacredLiturgy Sacrosanctum Concilium, 116; General Instruction of the Roman Missal,41.

247 Cf. Propositio 14.248 Propositio 9.249 Epistula 30, 7: CSEL 54, p. 246.250 Id., Epistula 133, 13: CSEL 56, p. 260.251 Id., Epistula 107, 9, 12: CSEL 55, pp. 300, 302.252 Id., Epistula 52, 7: CSEL 54, p. 426.253 John PaulII, Apostolic Letter Novo Millennio Ineunte (6 January

2001), 31: AAS 93 (2001), 287-288.254 Propositio 30; cf. Second Vatican Ecumenical Council, Dogmatic

Constitution on Divine Revelation Dei Verbum, 24.255 Saint Jerome, Commentariorum in Isaiam libri, Prol.: PL 24, 17B.256 Propositio 21.257 Cf. Propositio 23.258 Cf. Congregation for the Clergy, General Catechetical Directory (15

August 1997), 94-96; Enchiridion Vaticanum, 16, Nos. 875-878; JohnPaul II, Apostolic Exhortation Catechesi Tradendae (16 October 1979),27: AAS 71 (1979), 1298-1299.

259 Ibid., 127: Enchiridion Vaticanum 16, No. 935; cf. John Paul II,Apostolic Exhortation Catechesi Tradendae (16 October 1979), 27: AAS71 (1979), 1299.

260 Ibid., 128: Enchiridion Vaticanum 16, No. 936.261 Cf. Propositio 33.

219

262 Cf. Propositio 45.263 Cf. Second Vatican Ecumenical Council, Dogmatic Constitution

on the Church Lumen Gentium, 39-42.264 Propositio 31.265 No. 15: AAS 96 (2004), 846-847.266 No. 26: AAS 84 (1992), 698.267 Ibid.268 Benedict XVI, Homily at the Chrism Mass (9 April 2009): AAS 101

(2009), 355.269 Ibid., 356.270 Congregation for Catholic Education, Fundamental Norms for the

Formation of Permanent Deacons (22 February 1998), 11: EnchiridionVaticanum 17, Nos. 174-175.

271 Ibid., 74: Enchiridion Vaticanum 17, No. 263.272 Ibid., 81: Enchiridion Vaticanum 17, No. 271.273 Propositio 32.274 Cf. John Paul II, Post-Synodal Apostolic Exhortation Pastores Dabo

Vobis (25 March 1992), 47: AAS 84 (1992), 740-742.275 Propositio 24.276 Benedict XVI, Homily for the World Day of Consecrated Life (2

February 2008): AAS 100 (2008), 133; cf. John Paul II, Post-SynodalApostolic Exhortation Vita Consecrata (25 March 1996), 82: AAS 88(1996), 458-460.

277 Congregation for Institutes of Consecrated Life and for Societiesof Apostolic Life, Instruction Starting Afresh from Christ: A RenewedCommitment to Consecrated Life in the Third Millennium (19 May 2002), 24:Enchiridion Vaticanum 21, No. 447.

278 Cf. Propositio 24.279 Saint Benedict, Rule, IV, 21: SC 181, 456-458.280 Benedict XVI, Address at Heiligenkreuz Abbey (9 September 2007):

AAS 99 (2007), 856.281 Cf. Propositio 30.282 John Paul II, Post-Synodal Apostolic Exhortation Christifideles

Laici (30 December 1988), 17: AAS 81 (1989), 418.283 Cf. Propositio 33.284 John Paul II, Post-Synodal Apostolic Exhortation Familiaris

Consortio (22 November 1981), 49: AAS 74 (1982), 140-141.

NOTES


285 Propositio 20.286 Cf. Propositio 21.287 Propositio 20.288 Cf. Apostolic Letter Mulieris Dignitatem (15 August 1988), 31: AAS

80 (1988), 1727-1729.289 Propositio 17.290 Propositiones 9 and 22.291 No. 25.292 Enarrationes in Psalmos, 85, 7: PL 37, 1086.293 Origen, Epistola ad Gregorium, 3: PG 11, 92.294 Benedict XVI, Address to the Students of the Roman Major Seminary

(19 February 2007): AAS 99 (2007), 253-254.295 Cf. Id., Post-Synodal Apostolic Exhortation Sacramentum Caritatis

(22 February 2007), 66; AAS 99 (2007), 155-156.296 Final Message, III, 9.297 Ibid.298 “Plenaria indulgentia conceditur christifideli qui Sacram Scripturam,

iuxta textum a competenti auctoritate adprobatum, cum venerationedivino eloquio debita et ad modum lectionis spiritalis, per dimidiamsaltem horam legerit; si per minus tempus id egerit indulgentia eritpartialis”: apostolic penitentiary, Enchiridion Indulgentiarum. Normae etConcessiones (16 July 1999), 30, §1.

299 Cf. Catechism of the Catholic Church, 1471-1479.300 Paul VI, Apostolic Constitution Indulgentiarum Doctrina (1 January

1967): AAS 59 (1967), 18-19.301 Cf. Epistula 49, 3: PL 16, 1204A.302 Cf. Propositio 55.303 Cf. Congregation for Divine Worship and the Discipline of the

Sacraments, Directory on Popular Piety and the Liturgy. Principles andOrientations (17 December 2001), 197-202: Enchiridion Vaticanum 20,Nos. 2638-2643.

304 Cf. John Paul II, Apostolic Letter Rosarium Virginis Mariae (16October 2002): AAS 95 (2003), 5-36.

305 Propositio 55.306 Cf. Congregation for Divine Worship and the Discipline of the

Sacraments, Directory on Popular Piety and the Liturgy. Principles andOrientations (17 December 2001), 207: Enchiridion Vaticanum 20, Nos.2656-2657.

307 Cf. Propositio 51.

221

308 Benedict XVI, Homily at Mass in the Valley of Josaphat, Jerusalem (12May 2009): AAS 101 (2009), 473.

309 Cf. Epistola 108, 14: CSEL 55, pp. 324-325.310 Adversus Haereses, IV, 20, 7: PG 7, 1037.311 BenedictXVI, Encyclical Letter Spe Salvi (30 November 2007),

31: AAS 99 (2007), 1010.312 Benedict XVI, Address to Representatives of the World of Culture at

the “Collège des Bernardins” in Paris (12 September 2008): AAS 100 (2008),730.

313 Cf. In Evangelium secundum Matthaeum 17:7: PG 13, 1197B; SaintJerome, Translatio homiliarum Origenis in Lucam, 36: PL 26, 324-325.

314 Cf. Benedict XVI, Homily for the Opening of the Twelfth OrdinaryGeneral Assembly of the Synod of Bishops (5 October 2008): AAS 100(2008), 757.

315 Propositio 38.316 Cf. Congregation for Institutes of consecrated life and for societies

of apostolic life, Instruction Starting Afresh from Christ: A RenewedCommitment to Consecrated Life in the Third Millennium (19 May 2002), 36:Enchiridion Vaticanum 21, Nos. 488-491.

317 Propositio 30.318 Cf. Propositio 38.319 Cf. Propositio 49.320 Cf. John Paul II, Encyclical Letter Redemptoris Missio (7 December

1990): AAS 83 (1991), 294-340; Apostolic Letter Novo Millennio Ineunte(6 January 2001), 40: AAS 93 (2001), 294-295.

321 Propositio 38.322 Cf.Benedict XVI, Homily for the Opening of the Twelfth Ordinary

General Assembly of the Synod of Bishops (5 October 2008): AAS 100(2008), 753-757.

323 Propositio 38.324 Final Message, IV, 12.325 Paul VI, Apostolic Exhortation Evangelii Nuntiandi (8 December

1975), 22: AAS 68 (1976), 20.326 Cf. Second Vatican Ecumenical Council, Declaration on Religious

Freedom Dignitatis Humanae, 2 and 7.327 Cf. Propositio 39.328 Cf. Benedict XVI, Message for the 2009 World Day of Peace (8

December 2008): Insegnamenti IV, 2 (2008), 792-802.

NOTES


329 Apostolic Exhortation Evangelii Nuntiandi (8 December 1975),19: AAS 68 (1976), 18.

330 Cf. Propositio 39.331 John XXIII, Encyclical Letter Pacem in Terris (11 April 1963), 1:

AAS 55 (1963), 259.332 John Paul II, Encyclical letter Centesimus Annus (1 May 1991), 47:

AAS 83 (1991), 851-852; Address to the General Assembly of the UnitedNations (2 October 1979), 13: AAS 71 (1979), 1152-1153.

333 Cf. Compendium of the Social Doctrine of the Church, 152-159.334 Cf. Benedict XVI, Message for the 2007 World Day of Peace (8

December 2006), 10: Insegnamenti II, 2 (2006), 780.335 Cf. Propositio 8.336 Benedict XVI, Homily (25 January 2009): Insegnamenti V, 1 (2009),

141.337 Id., Homily at the Conclusion of the Twelfth Ordinary General Assembly

of the Synod of Bishops (26 October 2008): AAS 100 (2008), 779.338 Propositio 11.339 Benedict XVI, Encyclical letter Deus Caritas Est (25 December

2005), 28: AAS 98 (2006), 240.340 De Doctrina Christiana, I, 35, 39 – 36, 40: PL 34, 34.341 Cf. Benedict XVI, Message for the Twenty-first World Youth Day (22

February 2006): AAS 98 (2006), 282-286.342 Cf. Propositio 34.343 Cf. ibid.344 Homily (24 April 2005): AAS 97 (2005), 712.345 Cf. Propositio 38.346 Benedict XVI, Homily for the Seventeenth World Day of the Sick (11

February 2009): Insegnamenti V, 1 (2009), 232.347 Cf. Propositio 35.348 Propositio 11.349 Cf. Benedict XVI, Encyclical Letter Deus Caritas Est (25 December

2005), 25: AAS 98 (2006), 236-237.350 Propositio 11.351 Benedict XVI, Homily (1 January 2009): Insegnamenti V, 1 (2009),

236-237.352 Propositio 54.

223

353 Cf. Benedict XVI, Post-Synodal Apostolic ExhortationSacramentum Caritatis (22 February 2007), 92: AAS 99 (2007), 176-177.

354 John Paul II, Address to UNESCO (2 June 1980), 6: AAS 72 (1980),738.

355 Cf. Propositio 41.356 Cf. ibid.357 John Paul II, Encyclical Letter Fides et Ratio (14 September 1998),

80: AAS 91 (1999), 67-68.358 Cf. Lineamenta 23.359 Cf. Propositio 40.360 Cf. Second Vatican Ecumenical Council, Decree on the

Instruments of Social Communication Inter Mirifica; pontifical councilfor social communications, Pastoral Instruction Communio et Progressio(23 May 1971): AAS 63 (1971), 596-656; John Paul II, Apostolic LetterThe Rapid Development (24 January 2005): AAS 97 (2005) 265-274;pontifical council for social communications, Pastoral InstructionAetatis novae (22 February 1992): AAS 84 (1992), 447-468; The Churchand Internet (22 February 2002): Enchiridion Vaticanum 21, Nos. 66-95;Ethics in Internet (22 February 2002): Enchiridion Vaticanum 21, Nos. 96-127.

361 Cf. Final Message, IV, 11; Benedict XVI, Message for the 2009World Day of Social Communications (24 January 2009): InsegnamentiV, 1 (2009), 123-127.

362 Cf. Propositio 44.363 John Paul II, Message for the XXXVI World Communications

Day (24 January 2002): Insegnamenti XXV, 1 (2002), 94-95.364 Cf. Apostolic Exhortation Evangelii Nuntiandi (8 December 1975),

20: AAS 68 (1976), 18-19.365 Cf. Benedict XVI, Post-Synodal Apostolic Exhortation

Sacramentum Caritatis (22 February 2007), 78: AAS 99 (2007), 165.366 Cf. Propositio 48.367 Pontifical Biblical Commission, The Interpretation of the Bible in the

Church (15 April 1993), IV, B: Enchiridion Vaticanum, 13, No. 3112.368 Cf. Second Vatican Ecumenical Council, Decree on the Church’s

Missionary Activity Ad Gentes, 22; Pontifical Biblical Commission, TheInterpretation of the Bible in the Church (15 April 1993), IV, B: EnchiridionVaticanum, 13, Nos. 3111-3117.

369 John Paul II, Address to the Bishops of Kenya (7 May 1980), 6: AAS72 (1980), 497.

NOTES


370 Cf. Instrumentum Laboris, 56.371 Pontifical Biblical Commission, The Interpretation of the Bible in the

Church (15 April 1993), IV, B: Enchiridion Vaticanum 13, No. 3113.372 Second Vatican Ecumenical Council, Dogmatic Constitution on

Divine Revelation Dei Verbum, 22.373 Cf. Propositio 42.374 Cf. Propositio 43.375 Benedict XVI, Homily during the Celebration of Terce at the beginning

of the First General Congregation of the Synod of Bishops (6 October 2008):AAS 100 (2008), 760.

376 Among numerous interventions of various genres, see: John PaulII, Encyclical Letter Dominum et Vivificantem (18 May 1986): AAS 78(1986), 809-900; Encyclical Letter Redemptoris Missio (7 December 1990):AAS 83 (1991), 249-340; Addresses and Homilies in Assisi for the 27October 1986 Day of Prayer for Peace: Insegnamenti IX, 2 (1986), 1249-1273; Day of Prayer for World Peace (24 January 2002): InsegnamentiXXV, 1 (2002), 97-108; Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith,Declaration Dominus Iesus on the Unicity and Salvific Universality ofJesus Christ and of the Church (6 August 2000): AAS 92 (2000), 742-765.

377 Cf. Second Vatican Ecumenical Council, Declaration on theRelation of the Church to Non-Christian Religions Nostra Aetate, 3.

378 Cf. Benedict XVI, Address to Ambassadors of Predominantly MuslimCountries Accredited to the Holy See (25 September 2006): AAS 98 (2006),704-706.

379 Cf. Propositio 53.380 Cf. Propositio 50.381 Ibid..382 John Paul II, Address at the Meeting with Young Muslims in Casablanca,

Morocco (19 August 1985), 5: AAS 78 (1986), 99.

karthavinte vachanam

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