Intro to Fitness&Fitness ComponentsLife Ed 1

Fitness One Components of Physical Fitness Sport Components Caloric Balance Life Ed Olympics

Physical Activity and Health: A Report of the Surgeon General 90% of Americans need more physical

activity to improve their health. 60% of adults are not regularly active. People of all ages can benefit from physical

activity. Moderately intense aerobic exercise 30

minutes a day, 5 days a week or vigorously intense aerobic exercise 20 minutes a day,3 days a week.

Supplement cardiovascular exercises with strength training twice a week.

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Figure 3-3

The Activity Pyramid

© 2009 McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved.

Magic Potion… If there was a magic potion that could

increase your energy, manage your weight, decrease stress, feel better, decrease the risk of heart disease, cancer, and diabetes would you be interested?

Physical Activity is the CHEAPEST preventative medicine

Test your fitness IQ TRUE OR FALSE?

To gain the benefits of exercise, you must exercise everyday

Exercise can help improve depression Lifting weights develops cardiorespiratory

endurance The longer and harder you train, the

better your health will be

What is physical fitness to you? How do you know when you have

achieved physical fitness? What is the difference between fitness

and exercise?

Physical Fitness Physical fitness: the ability of the body

to perform daily physical activities without getting out of breath, sore, or overly tired

Exercise: is any physical activity that improves or maintains physical fitness

Benefits of Physical Fitness Physical Benefits Mental Benefits Social Benefits

Physical Benefits Heart and lungs get stronger Blood cholesterol levels are kept within

a healthy range Building muscular strength/endurance Increased flexibility Metabolic rate increased More calories are burned

Mental Benefits Positive effects on feelings of depression

and anxiety Reduce stress levels Helps you sleep better Endorphins: chemicals released when

you work out. Provide a feeling of wellness and happiness

Social Benefits Increased self-esteem More likely to socialize with others

Five Components of Health-Related Fitness Physical fitness is classified into five

components: Muscular Strength Muscular Endurance Cardiorespiratory Endurance Flexibility Body Composition

Muscular Strength The amount of force that a muscle can

apply in a given contraction What fitness test assesses muscular

strength??

Muscular Strength Resistance Training with weight

machines, free weights, gymnastics

Muscular Endurance The ability of the muscles to keep

working over a period of time Improved with weight resistance training What fitness test assesses for muscular

endurance?

Muscular Endurance Push ups, pull ups, ab curls, weight

training with light weight and high reps

Cardiorespiratory Endurance The ability of your heart, blood vessels,

lungs, and blood to deliver oxygen and nutrients to all your body’s cells while you are physically active Single most important component of

health related fitness!!! Improved by working out CV system What fitness test assesses for CR

Endurance?

Cardiorespiratory Endurance Running, fitness walking, aerobic dance,

stair stepping, cross country skiing, swimming, cycling, water exercise, full court basketball, ultimate Frisbee, soccer

Flexibility The ability of the joints to move through

their full range of motion Strong healthy ligaments and tendons

allow greater flexibility of a joint Improved with stretching and

strengthening tendons What fitness test assesses for flexibility?

Flexibility Stretching, yoga, Pilates

Body Composition The ratio of lean body tissue (muscle

and bone) to body-fat tissue A healthy body has a high proportion of

lean body tissue vs. body-fat tissue A certain amount of fat is needed for good

health Too much body fat tissue can lead to

heart disease, diabetes, cancers

Body Composition Cardio: burns calories at the highest

rate, resistance training builds muscle which increases metabolic rate

Sport Skill Components Agility Balance Power Speed Coordination Reaction Time

http://www.glencoe.com/sites/common_assets/health_fitness/gln_health_fitness_zone/pdf/heart_rate_monitor_activities/health_skill_related_itness/health_skill_related_fitness_activity_4.pdf

Caloric Balance Remember you are trying to balance

calories in with calories out (burn off the calories you eat with exercise!)

www.choosemyplate.gov

Life Ed Olympics!!!!

Fitness Lesson 2 BMI Heart Rate Aerobic vs. Anaerobic

Body Mass Index BMI

Index of weight in relation to height Used to assess healthy body weight Commonly used, not totally accurate

To find BMI BMI=weight (lbs)/height(in)/height(in) x 703 Ex. Person that is 5’9’’ and 150 pounds

150/69/69 x 703 = 22.14 Once you have BMI #, compare it to a chart

based on your age/gender

5 feet=60 inches

Adult healthy BMI range is between 18.5 and 25

Calculate your own BMI

Practice…

BMI Weight Status

Below 18.5 Underweight

18.5 – 24.9 Normal

25.0 – 29.9 Overweight

30.0 and Above Obese

Adult BMI Chart

Children, Teens, and BMI Adult BMI guidelines are NOT suitable

for people younger than 20 years old Definitions of overweight/underweight

are less clear for children/teens since they growing at such varying rates

How fast the heart is beating Beats per minute Etc

So? How does this relate to fitness? (Think of the components!)

What does HR Measure?

A low heart rate is a sign of a well conditioned heart!

What does HR Measure?

Could be considered the most important of the FIVE components!

What does heart rate have to do with CR endurance? Blood flow Decreased resting heart

rate=stronger/healthier heart Moves oxygen through the body

Cardiorespiratory Endurance

When? Before, during, and after exercise

Why? To assess the INTENSITY of your workout! To monitor changes (becoming more

physically fit!)

Monitor Your Heart Rate

Your heart rate when you are RELAXED (at least for 30 minutes)

Factors that change your resting heart rate: Stress Food Fitness level Drugs

To determine your resting heart rate: Ideally, should be taken in the AM (three days in a row) Take when you are relaxed (when you wake up from a

good night’s sleep)

Resting Heart Rate

Let’s practice! Use two fingers and press lightly (so you can feel the

pulse) on your carotid artery (neck), radial artery (wrist) or brachial artery (inside elbow)

Do NOT use your thumb! Breathe normal, relax, and count the number of

times you feel a pulse Do this for 10 seconds, multiply by six to get your

Beats/Minute

Is this TRULY your resting heart rate? Why or why not?

Finding your Heart rate

Target Heart Rate Zone Target Heart Rate Zone: A heart rate

range within which the most gains in cardiorespiratory health will occur

To maximize your health benefits from exercise, your heart rate should reach the target heart rate zone.

THRZ Your target heart rate zone is between

60% and 85% of your maximum heart rate.

The maximum heart rate is the maximum number of times your heart should beat per minute while doing any physical activity.

THRZ Working out in your target heart rate

zone will help you know that you are working at the correct INTENSITY!

THRZ How to find your THRZ: First, find your maximum heart rate. To do that, you use this

equation: Max HR= 220-Age Ex. If you were 16 your equation would be: Max HR=220-16=204 Your max heart rate would be 204 beats per minute Next, you would take your MHR from #1 and multiply it by .6

Ex. 204 x .6 =122.4 beats per minute Then you would take your MHR from #1 and multiply it by .85

Ex. 204 x .85 =173.4 beats per minute Your target heart rate is in between those two numbers!

Ex. The target heart rate for a sixteen year old is between 122 and 173 beats per minute!

Aerobic vs. Anaerobic Aerobic vs. anaerobic exercise Exercise falls into two general categories: aerobic and anaerobic.

Aerobic exercise is muscle movement that uses oxygen to burn both carbohydrates and fats to produce energy, while anaerobic exercise is muscle movement that does not require oxygen and only burns carbohydrates to produce energy.

In practice, aerobic exercise means activities such as walking, bicycling or swimming that temporarily increase your heart rate and respiration. Aerobic exercise (also known as cardiovascular exercise) builds your endurance.

Anaerobic exercise typically means activities such as weightlifting and push-ups and sit-ups, which builds muscle and physical strength through short bursts of strenuous activity. An ideal exercise program should include both aerobic and anaerobic exercise.

Anaerobic vs. Aerobic Fitness Aerobic: exercises with oxygen present Muscle cells use oxygen to produce

energy for movement Continuous, lower intensity

Running, swimming More continuous, repetitive

Anaerobic Means “without oxygen” Demands more oxygen than body can

supply, start and stop activities Ex. Lifting, sprinting, etc Quick, intense, short duration Oxygen demand passes oxygen supply

Your Job: Some one that wants to achieve a

healthy level of physical fitness has asked you to create a weekly plan for them.

Make a weekly calendar for them to follow

Include time of exercise, how many days per week, and type of exercise (SPECIFIC EXAMPLES!!)

Did you include: 3-5 days a week of cardio work? (20-30

min each of those days?) Warm ups and cool downs? (flexibility!!) 2 days of resistance training? Aerobic and anaerobic exercise?

http://www.cdc.gov/physicalactivity/everyone/guidelines/index.html

Types of training Circuits: short runs with exercise in the

middle (ex. Run 100 meters, do 2 sets of push ups, run then curl ups and so on). Or quickly change between exercises

Interval Training (VERY beneficial!) change up the intensity during exercise, or time on/time off

Warm up/cool down Dynamic warm up: brings body temp up

(prepare for exercise!), increases strength and flexibility

Cool down: bring down intensity then STRETCH

AVOID INJURY!!!!!!!!!!