HOMEWORK

UNIVERSIDAD DE GUAYAQUIL

FACULTY OF ADMINISTRATIVE SCIENCESEngineering in Marketing and Commercial

Megotiations – LEVEL 7

STUDENT:SANTIAGO ALBERTO LAYANA LEÓN

Guayaquil, EcuadorNovember 12th, 2015

Tipos de CollocationsNormalmente podemos clasificar las collocations en las siguientes categorías:

Noun + NounEstas son collocations que siguen la estructura a…of …

We have waited for you for a couple of hours.Having a good sense of humour is very important to enjoy the film.I'd like to buy a can of soda please.

Noun + Verb

The machine isn't work again.The story begins with a terrible crime.The company has grown and now employs 150 more people than last year.

Verb + Noun 

Please, whatever happens, try to keep calm.Why don't we take a walk round the park?You must pay attention to the teacher.

Verb + Adjective

Oh, you look so beautiful tonight!She came to make me happy.I don’t like this cake, it tastes so bitter.

Verb + Adverb

My mother placed her keys gently on the window ledge.Emily smiled proudly as she saw her daughter holding up the trophy.

The crowd looked impatiently at the the man on the tightrope.

Verb + Expression with Preposition

We had to stop for gas because we had run out of it.The little girl burst into tears when she fell off her bike.The situation is getting out of control.

Adjective + Noun

Sarah always wears bright colour dresses.Best regards and thank you very much.Regular exercise provides you many  health benefits.

Adverb + Adjective

Frank and Jane are happily married.I felt extremely nervous during the driving test.I think he’s absolutely right.

Tipos de ColocacionesPodemos Normalmente clasifica r las colocaciones en las Siguientes Categorías:

Sustantivo + sustantivoEstas son expresiones Que Siguen la Estructura de ... de ...

Hemos esperado para usted por un par de horas.Tener un buen sentido del humor es muy importante para disfrutar de la película.Me gustaría comprar una lata de refresco por favor.

Sustantivo + Verbo

La  máquina  no  funciona  de nuevo.

La  historia  comienza  con un terrible crimen.La empresa ha crecido y ahora emplea a 150 personas más que el año pasado.

Verbo + Sustantivo 

Por favor, pase lo que pase, trate de mantener la calma.¿Por qué no dar un paseo por el parque?Usted debe prestar atención a la maestra.

Verbo + Adjetivo

Oh, mira lo hermosa esta noche!Ella vino a hacer yo feliz.No me gusta este pastel, que tiene un sabor tan amargo.

Verbo + Adverbio

Mi madre  puso  sus llaves  con suavidad  sobre la repisa de la ventana.Emily  sonrió con orgullo  al ver a su hija, sosteniendo el trofeo.La multitud  miró  con impaciencia  a que el hombre en la cuerda floja.

Verbo + Expresión con Preposición

Tuvimos que parar para el gas porque nos  habíamos quedado sin ella.La niña se echó a llorar cuando se cayó de su bicicleta.La situación se está  poniendo  fuera de control.

Adjetivo + Sustantivo

Sarah siempre viste de colores brillantes vestidos.Saludos y muchas gracias.

El ejercicio regular le proporciona muchos beneficios para la salud.

Adverbio + Adjetivo

Frank y Jane están felizmente casados.Me sentí  muy  nerviosa  durante el examen de conducir.Creo que es  absolutamente  correcto.

Algunos ejemplos de verbos frecuentes que anteceden a ciertos sustantivos son: Agreement: BREACH OF agreement (incumplimiento de contrato)Agreement: REACH an agreement (alcanzar un acuerdo)Change: MAKE changesConclusion: DRAW, COME TO, REACH conclusions (llegar a conclusiones)Course: TAKE a course, a testDecision: MAKE decisions (tomar decisiones)Exam: TAKE, SIT an examGoal:  ATTAIN, ACHIEVE a goal (alcanzar una meta)Information: SPREAD, DISSEMINATE informationInterest: AROUSE, AWAKEN interest (despertar interés)Opportunity: MISS an opportunity (dejar pasar una oportunidad)Requirement: MEET, FULFIL, SATISFY requirements (cumplir con los requisitos)

To attend a meeting (Asistir a una reunion): “I missed the conference because I had to attend a meeting”To close a deal (Cerrar un trato): “We didn’t closet he deal because we still have some points to discuss”To conduct an interview (Hacer una entrevista): “The man that conducted our interview was very pleasant”

To draw attention (Llamar la atención):  “We’d like to draw your attention to the sales increase last year”To deal with a problem (Tratar de resolver un problema): “The situation was out of control, so the sent a trained team to deal with the problem”To lauch a product (Lanzar un producto al Mercado): “They launched their new product right before Christmas”To lay off workers   (Prescindir de trabajadores, despedir): “My company had laid off twenty employees this month”To make money (Ganar dinero): “We were very surprised when we knew how much money he makes”To raise an objection (Presentar una objección): “I didn’t agree with his speech, so I had to raise a few objections”To save time (Ahorrar tiempo): “We skipped the presentation to save some time”

LIST OF FREQUENT COLLOCATIONS1 timelongspendshortwastetakesparegivepresentworking2 yearpastcomingfullstarttakespent3 peopleordinaryworking

elderlydisabled4 waylonggofindgetmake (someone's N)comeeasy5 waysseparatefindalternativeexploredevelopsubtle6 man

bigtallsmalldark7 dayall (N long)presentspentfinalfullworkingwholestart(have a) nice8 daysearlypast (few/number N)old

spentworkingtake9 thingwhole(do the) rightreal(do the) wrong10 childonlyexpecting11 governmentcoalitioninterimelected12 parttake (N)play (the/a)integrallargemajoressentialsmall

vitalformsignificantfull13 partssparecomponentconstituentplayedseparate14 liferealfamilyeverydaywholeprivatenormallivesavedpersonalpublicearlyspentdailylead15 lives

savepastlivelostprivateclaimed (a number of)riskleadcostdailyspendeverydayseparateordinarynormal16 casecourtpresentparticular(a N) adjournedprosecutionmadeputtakeclearstrongextreme17 casesseverecourtextremeseriouscriminalinjury18 womanbeautifulattractiveprettytall(good) looking19 workharddostartedvoluntarycharitycarried (out)findpaid

majorcommunity20 systemwelfare21 groupsmallethnic (minority N)largestformedminorityleadingsingleresearch22 numberlargesmallincreasing

growinglimitedtotalincreasedsignificantgreaterreduceconsiderablesubstantialhigh23 worldrealwholemoderndeveloping24 areaparticularplaysurroundingresidentialwidecentralmajor25 course(in) duetrainingmaindesignedfirsttakecompletedordinary

followedfullstart26 companyowned27 problemsolverealmajorseriousbigparticularliestackleovercomecommonfacedarisescauseresolvesort (out)address28 servicefreetelephoneprovidememorialintelligenceadvisorydeliveryfullpostalsecurityregular29 handheldtookshookwashraisedwavedliftedhelpingstretched out (his/her…+N)extendedstrong30 handsshookholding

claspedwashraisedrubbedfolded31 partyrulingoppositionled

32 schoolleftmedicalwentwhole33 placetakewrong(final) resting Nsaferightputsecure34 pointmadereachedwholeproveraised35 housedetachedfamilymoved +N36 countrywholeleaveforeign37 weekpastspentpreviouswholecoming38 memberfamilyformerseniorleadingactiveelected

unionfull39 endwesteastcameputfarbrought (to an N)reachedbottom40 endslooseachieveopposite41 wordusesayspreadkeyfinal42 examplesetgiveclassicperfecttake (the)typicalprimefollowprovidessimpleobviousrecentextremestrikingoutstandingnotablespecific43 familywholeextendedcloseentirelargenuclearbig

44 families

(lone/one/ single) parentone-parentlonesingle-parentlow-income45 factactualsimpleN + remainsmereface46 factsrelevantstatedknownhardbasictruefacefull47 statementaldeclaredannounced48 homecomefamilystayreturnleftidealgetmadefeelmatrimonial49 monthpastspent50 side(left-right) handwrongdark51 sidesoppositeN + agreedtake52 nightspentstay

openingdarkearly53 nightssleeplessspent54 eyekeeppublicwatchfulnakedcastlook (in the N)twinklecritical55 eyeswidefixedbrightrolledturnedfilled (with)palenarrowedraisedheld56 headshookturnedbowedraisedbentliftedheld (N high)jerkedlowerednoddedclearpulled (N back)

threw (back)tilted57 informationfurtherprovidedetailedadditionalrelevantobtainedconfidential

exchangecollectedsuppliedcontainbackgroundvaluablegathering58 questionanswerasksimpleraisedN + remainswholeposedrealaddressbegscrucialcentralrelevantfundamental59 businesssmalldoingwholefamilyrunningseriousprivateconductsuccessful60 poweruselabourrealseizedexerciseincreasevestedfullheld61 moneyspendsavegetmakeraisewasteearn

give(pay) good62 changesignificantradicalmajorglobalmakedramaticfundamentalrapidsuddenrealsubject toN + occurred63 changesmakemajorproposeddramaticoccurradicalsignificantsweepingnecessaryintroducedminorrapid64 interestpublicspeciallowerhighmortgage

realfixedparticularshowntake (an N in)expressedvestedcommonstrong65 interests(in the) bestprotectoutsidevestedvaried

servepursuedefend66 ordermakekeepmaintainstandingrestorepeckingrigidworkinggoodputestablishedtake67 booklatestillustratedreference68 developmentchildsustainablecurriculumcareerfurtherrapid69 roomdoublesingleleavemainTV70 waterfreshdeeprunningcleansaltstillshallow71 formapplicationorderbookingcomplete (verb)claimfillregistrationtake

(in) good72 carpark (verb)hiredrivepoliceracingcrashed73 levelhighlowtopreachedintermediatecurrentwaterachieved74 policyforeignmonetarycommonmadeadopted

75 linedirectrailwaydraw (verb)straightcrossedfinetakedividing76 needurgentfeeldesperatemeetstressedN + arises77 needsmeet (verb)individualsuit (verb)satisfystrong78 effecthavecause+ Ntake

knock-ondirectimmediatedramaticdesiredbeneficialprofounddevastatingoppositeoveralladversedetrimental79 effectslong-termharmfuladversedirectbeneficialdamagingprofound80 usedrugmakegood (make good/full N of)widespreadfullextensive81 usescommon82 ideawholegive (an)getrejectedoriginalfaintestsimplewrongput (forward/aside the + N)formdeveloped83 ideasexchangeoriginalfreshbright84 studypresent + N

N + foundrecentpilotshowedcarriedconductedresearchmajorreportedundertakendesignedsignificant85 lotawfulwhole

86 jobdogoodgetpart-timelostfindquitfull-timefinishleaveproper87 jobscreatelosttemporarydooddsaveshed (number)securepermanentunskilledfull-time88 namerealgivenputfullpropersecondlast89 namesgive

call (someone's N)90 resultdirectfinalnetachieveinevitableproduceoverallfurtherpoorsignificantdesired91 bodyupperdeadN + laynakedlower92 friendbestcloseoldfamilymade N in93 friendsfamilycloseoldmakebecamereal94 rightvote + N95 rightspensionfullminority96 authoritygiven (give + N)exercise + N or someone's + Nlegitimate97 viewtake (the + N)sharedfullexpressedsupportgive

clearheld(give) a true (and fair)accept98 reportfullfinal

N+ releasedissued99 bitwee (Scottish)100 facepaleslap + (someone's) + Nprettyturnedroundflushedbeautifulsmilinghandsome101 marketfreehousingmajor102 hourspenttooklateearlyN + passedfinest103 hoursspentearly (N of the morning)workinglongtookpermittedsmallnormaldaylightschoolput inlateflying

104 ratefixedInflationlow105 lawbreakingpassedenforce106 doorknockslammedN + swung (open)pushedpulledflung (open) N107 courttold (the N)heardruledappear (in)heldtake obj to108 officetookheld109 warenddeclaredN+ broke (out)fought110 reason(for the) simple(there is) real(for no) apparentgiven a reasonmajorsufficient(for some) unknown111 ministerappointedjuniorelected112 personmissingaveragesingledisabledelderly

authorised113 termspracticalgeneralagreed (to the N)broad(on) equal(in) absoluteacceptrelative114 sortsall115 periodminimumextendedtriallimitedprolongedconsiderablemaximum116 societymodernwholeclasslesshigh117 processwholeinvolveddecision-makingcontinuouscompletegraduallengthy118 mothersinglefoster119 voicelowloudsoftdeepquiethighloweredraisedclearhuskyharshhoarsecracked

sharp120 policecalledquestioned121 pricehighretailaveragelowincreaseexpectedfullfixedreasonablefairputreducedcompetitive122 actiontakefurthercall for Nimmediatestrikedirectappropriateurgentdrasticlibeljointremedial123 issuebigmajorraised (an N)keysensitivecentraltake Ncrucialfundamental

controversialseriouscomplexN was resolved124 positionstrongholddifficult

marginaldominantplaced (in)maintainprivilegedcompetitiveleadingstrengthenreached125 costloweffectiveextratotalhighcoverestimatedadditionalmeetreducedreasonable126 mattersimplefurtherseriousreferredraisedresolved127 figureleadingtallcentralhighpublicmajorlowincrease128 figuresreleasedofficialleadingpublic129 typeparticularcertaincommonmedia130 researchshowsdone

suggestsfurthercarriedconductedfuture131 educationfurtherpublic132 programmemajorfulllaunchedextensivecurrentcompletedrunambitious133 minutehangtakeholdfull134 momentrightlongpausedtookbriefprecise

135 girlbeautifulpretty136 ageearlygoldenretirementmaternalreached137 agesdark138 centreentertainment(day) care139 controltakelosthavecompletetotal

gainregainfullkeepeffectivedirectexercisetightretainstrictoverallmaintain140 valuegood N (for money)greataddedtotalrealhighequalincreasefulladdtrueestimatedcriticalfair141 healthmentalpoormedicalimprove142 decisionmadefinaltakencourtannouncedconsciousunanimousfollowsreachedsupportcamereversed143 forceusemilitarydriving

peacekeepingexcessivefulldominantpowerfulstrongarmedbrute144 forcessecurityjoinedopposition145 conditiongoodseriousmedicalcriticalstableexcellentpoorimmaculatesufficientdeteriorated

perfect146 conditionsweatherlivingworkingimproveappallingpoorsatisfied (verb)favourableimposeprevailingadversemeetfulfilled147 paperprinted148 sectionpreviousfinalseparatefurther149 patientstreated150 roadmain

crossbusymajorline (the N with people)151 tableleaguelay the N152 churchwholeestablished153 mindbearkeepopen (adj)hadcrossedconsciouscame (to/into N)154 teamdreamnationalwinningN + wonledbeatsupport + N155 experiencepreviouspracticalgainlearningrelevantworkingextensivepastdirectvaluable156 deathsuddenaccidentalcausedtragic157 actcriminalpassedamended158 sensemakestrong

realfalsetrue159 stafftrainedsupportextrapermanentqualifiedexperienced

160 studentformer161 languageforeignusespeakmodernnativeofficial162 morningearlylatespentbright163 planpeaceactionradicalapprovedstrategicdrawn upadoptedambitiousprepare164 productfinalmakelaunch+ Ncompetitivecreated165 citycapitalancientbeautiful166 groundcommonlostopengaining

167 letterquickpostbusinessresignation168 evidencegiveN + suggestspresentedhardprovidestrongN + showssufficientconclusiveconsiderablesupportingamplecircumstantialinsufficientgrowingindicates169 footset170 feetbarerose (to her N)171 boybadsmallgoodbig172 gamewinfinal173 foodfreshdeliciousdiet174 roleplaykeyleadingmajoractivecentralvitalstarringcrucial

taketraditionalsupportingprominentpassiveessentialminor175 practicecommonprivate (doctors)medicalclassroom176 bankcollapsed177 supportstrongpublicprovidereceivedfamilytechnicalgivingemotionalsubstantial178 eventmajorunlikelysportingbigheldannualhistoryfinal179 buildingmaintallhouse180 rangewidelongfulloffersfreebroadvastcomplete181 stageearlyfinalreached

retirementfurther182 meetingannualheldsummitemergencycalledarrangedadjourned183 artmoderncontemporarygreatancient184 clubjoinexclusive185 armput (someone's N around)uppergrabbedbrokenbrokeraisedgrasped186 historyfamilymedical187 parentsingleelderly188 parentsfosteradoptiveworkingsingle

189 landhousingheldopenwork (verb)nativefarmingwaste190 tradeworldforeign

retail191 situationcurrentpresentimprovedesperateremedyimpossibleintolerable192 teacherformerprimary (school)193 recordworldset the recordbreakingunbeatencriminalkeepingpoorimpressiveheldachieved194 relationbearclose195 fieldvisual196 windowfrontbacksmashedrear197 accounttaken (into)opened198 differencemakebigtelllittleseesignificantpotentialrealfundamentalmarked (adj)showed199 materialraw

200 materialsbuilding201 airfreshopencleanclearbreathethickheavy202 wifesecondleft + Nformerestranged203 projectwholecompletedcompleteambitiousrun204 salesretailincreasedrecordrose

annualboosttotaldirectpotentialexpected205 relationshipcloselovingspecialworkinglastingloveseriousdirectstrongestablishdevelopedinversecausalintimateto endsee

publicmaintain206 lightbrightshednaturallowthrowswitch (on/off)turned (on/off)strongcastflashingsoftcoldshiningpalefullfadingflickeringclear207 caretakemedicalprimaryprivatehomenursingprovidefamilydomiciliary208 rule(as a) generalgoldenestablished209 storytelltruefullmainrealbig210 qualityhighgoodtoppoorimproveexcellentair

superblowtotal211 taxincreasesgross212 naturehumanN+ calls213 structurefamily214 datacollectedsuggestsupportpresent215 methodUse

paymenteffectivesimplealternativetraditionaladoptedappliedpreferredprovide216 unitfamilyhospital217 bedget (into/out of/off the N)lyingdouble(four) postergosinglemake218 unionjoin219 movementrights N220 detailgreater(in) fineconsiderablesufficientfurther

221 detailsfurtherfullgiveprovide222 modelfollowing (verb)developedtop223 computerrunningusing224 hospitalgeneral(to be) admitted (to N)mentalgotransferred225 chapterdiscussedpreviouscontainsexaminesprecedingcovered226 schemetraininglaunchedsuccessfuldesigneddevised227 theorycritical228 propertyprivatecommerciallandowned(to) purchase229 officerchiefarmyprison230 chargefree (of)takeextraadditionalinitial

minimummadeput (in/on)fixed231 chargesBank

232 directorgeneralfilmappointedtheatre233 approachcautiousadoptedtakenalternativemadefreshradicaleffective234 chancehavegetgivenstand a Ntakegreatsecondlittlemissedofferedbigfaircamereasonablejumped (at the N)235 applicationcompletemade236 amountcertainsmallenormoushugefairtremendouslargeconsiderableminimum

fullreasonablemaximumsubstantialincreasedoutstanding237 soneldestbabyoldestillegitimate238 operationrescuepolicemajorsuccessfulperformedunderwentmilitaryemergency239 opportunitygivenequaltakeprovideuniquegoldenmissedperfectofferedrareidealseizethe N presented itselfexcellentamplerealarose240 leaderopposition241 looktakehavequickcloserhardgaveshot

(take a ) fresh N (at)

242 productionincreasestagetheatre243 pictureexclusivecompletetakenshowsclearoverallN + emergesaccuratementalpresentedsimilarfull244 sourcemajorsingleprimaryvaluableconstantprincipal245 securitytopmaximumincreased246 contractsignedexpireswonawardedagreedbindingterminate247 agreementreachedsignedpeace(free) tradeco-operationnodded (in) Nconcludedceasefireentered (into)

comedraftmutualfinalN + provided (for)broadfailed (to reach N)endmake(in) fullvoluntarybindingcommoncomplete248 site( a + number) acre + Ncaravanarchaeologicalsuitableconstruction249 labourfemaletemporary250 testfitnesspassedfinalfailedhaveput (to the N)takeshowedpilotstandard251 lossweightmemorysufferedhaircausedtotalmade Nreportedbloodhearinggreat

joblead (to N)

consequentialfeltconsiderablecover (the N)substantialserioussevereincurredmajorcomplete252 colourfulladdlightdarkbrightpalegivehighstrong253 shopgiftpetrunantiquevideoHigh (Street)souvenir254 benefithousinggetmaximummarginalclaimreceiveinvalidity255 benefitsenjoy256 animalwild257 heartbrokenbeatingpounding (adj)sufferedstoppinglies (at the N of)thumpingheavythudding

258 electiongeneralwonheldfollowinglostfoughtforthcoming259 electionsgeneralnationalmunicipal260 purposeservesolegeneralspecificprimaryusefulrealspecialintendeddual261 standardhighpoorsetrequireddoublereasonablemaintainmeetimprovelowminimumacceptable262 standardssafetymeet

raiseminimum