incofish progress report estonia henn ojaveer workpackage 2, workshop i tallinn, 2-4 march 2006
TRANSCRIPT
INCOFISH progress report
ESTONIA
Henn Ojaveer
Workpackage 2, Workshop I Tallinn, 2-4 March 2006
ARCHIVAL RESEARCH
Current research
• Customs books of Port of Pärnu
• Late 18th century
• Detailed information on vessels
• Main task: exports-imports
• Tax paid
Research planned
• Customs books of Tallinn and Narva• Magistrates of port towns (e.g., Pärnu,
Narva)• Reports and communications of large trade
centres• Fonds of gouverneurs of Estonia and
Livland• 17-18 (19th) century
PAPERS
Lajus, J., Tammiksaar, E. and Ojaveer, H. Fisheries on the north-eastern coast of the Baltic Sea in the first half of the 19th century: what can we learn from the archives of Karl Ernst von Baer
Kraikovski, A. V., Lajus, J. A., Dmitrieva, Z. V., Karimov, A., Leontiev, P., Merzliakova, I. and Sukhorukova, A. Marine and river fisheries in the eastern Gulf of Finland (Baltic Sea) area during the 15-19th centuries
Bager, M. and Karnøe, M. The Danish Baltic Sea fisheries during 1890-1930’s
MacKenzie, B. R. et al. Baltic cod story during the 1550-1880’s
Eero, M. and MacKenzie, B. R. Analysis of the accuracy of catch statistics for reflecting relative fluctuations in the eastern Baltic cod stock in the first half of the 20th century
Special volume of Fisheries Research
Ojaveer, H., Awebro, K. and Karlsdottir, H. Swedish Baltic Sea fisheries prior to the official catch statistics period
Gaumiga, R., Karlsons, G., Uzars, D. and Ojaveer, H. Fisheries of the Gulf of Riga (Baltic Sea) in the late 17th century
Enghoff, I. B. and MacKenzie, B. R. Archaeological evidence of the effects of warm temperatures on the fish fauna in the North Sea-Baltic Sea region
Kinze, C. C. Marine mammals in the North and Baltic seas
• Poulsen, B., MacKenzie, B. R., Holm, P. Stock Fluctuations of North Sea herring, c. 1600-1850
Special volume of Fisheries Research cont-d
• Poulsen, R. T., Cooper, A. B. and Holm, P. The importance of historical baselines to fisheries management - An abundance estimate of ling (Molva molva) in the northeastern North Sea, 1872
• Barnard, M. Shared spaces, complex interactions: the impact of extractive activity on fish populations in the Noth Sea UKCS since 1945
Lajus, D. L., Lajus, J. A., Dmitrieva, Z. V., Kraikovski, A. V. and Alexandrov, D. A. Historical data as a source of information on population dynamics of Atlantic salmon in the White and Barents seas: methodology and case studies
Alekseeva, Y. L. Lajus, D. L., Lajus, J. A., Dmitrieva, Z. V. and Kraikovski, A. V. Herring fisheries in the White Sea in the 17th - beginning of the 20th centuries: factors effecting the catch fluctuations.
Special volume of Fisheries Research cont-d
SOME EXAMPLES
FINLAND
POLAND
ESTONIA
LITHUANIA
LATVIA
SWEDEN
DENMARK
BalticProper
GERMANY
NorthSea
NORWAY
Bothnian Bay
Gulf ofFinland
Gulf of Riga
Norwegian Sea
RUSSIA
Bornholm Basin
Skagerrak
Kattegat
Baltic Sea
Bothnian SeaI
IIIII
Herring Clupea harengus membras landings (tons)
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
18
68
18
72
18
77
18
81
18
85
18
89
18
93
18
97
19
01
19
05
19
09
19
13
Norrbotten VästernorrlandGävleborg StockholmÖstergötland GotlandKalmar Kristianstad
020000400006000080000
100000120000140000
1868
1872
1877
1881
1885
1889
1893
1897
1901
1905
1909
1913
Blekinge
Ojaveer et al. in prep.
I
Herring effort
0
500
1000
1500
2000
1875
1881
1883
1885
1887
1889
1891
1893
1895
1897
1899
1901
1903
1905
1907
1909
Fis
herm
en, b
oats
10000
15000
20000
25000
30000
35000
Net
s
Fishermen
Boats
Nets
400
500
600
700
800
900
1000
1100
1880
1881
1882
1883
1884
1885
1886
1887
1903
1904
1905
1906
Fis
herm
en, b
oats
8000
10000
12000
14000
16000
18000
20000
Net
s
Full-time fishermen
Boats
Nets
0
500
1000
1500
2000
1886
1888
1890
1892
1894
1896
1898
1900
1902
1904
1906
1908
Fis
herm
en, b
oats
0
200
400
600
800
1000
Sei
nes,
drif
t net
s (h
ook)Fishermen
BoatsSeinesDrift-nets (hook)
Blekinge
Gävleborg
Västernorrland
Ojaveer et al. in prep.
I
Cod Gadus morhua callarias landings (tons)
0200400600800
1000120014001600180020002200
18
68
18
74
18
76
18
78
18
80
18
82
18
84
18
86
18
88
18
90
18
92
18
94
18
96
18
98
19
00
19
02
19
04
19
06
19
08
19
10
19
12
TotalVästernorrlandKalmarGotlandBlekingeKristianstadMalmöhus
Landings higher in south than in north (presence of cod in Västernorrland remarkable).
Most of cod fishery conducted at west coast
Ojaveer et al. in prep.
I
Cod effort
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
1600
1882
1883
1884
1885
1889
1897
1898
1899
1900
1901
1902
1903
1904
1905
1906
1907
1908
1909
1910
Fis
herm
en, b
oats
0
2000
4000
6000
8000
10000
12000
14000
16000
18000
Hoo
ks, n
ets
Fishermen Boats
Hooks Flounder nets
Blekinge
Ojaveer et al. in prep.
I
Eel Anguilla anguilla landings (tons)
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
1874
1877
1880
1883
1886
1889
1892
1895
1898
1901
1904
1907
1910
1913
Total
Gotland
Kalmar
Blekinge
Kristianstad
Malmöhus
General increase in landings.
Landings higher in south and southeast than in open Baltic and north.
Eel landings decreased due to eutrophication in the 1950s
Ojaveer et al. in prep.
I
Flounder Platichthys flesus landings (tons)
0
100
200
300
400
500
18
83
18
85
18
87
18
89
18
91
18
93
18
95
18
97
18
99
19
01
19
03
19
05
19
07
19
09
19
11
19
13
Total Gotland
Kalmar Blekinge
Majority of flatfish catches from the west coast (average ca 71 000 tons annually.
No effort data available
Ojaveer et al. in prep.Ojaveer et al. in prep.
I
Map of the Gulf of Riga showing identified places, fisheries and regions
• I - Northern part; II - West coast; III - South coast; IV - East coast; V - Parnu Bay
Fishing was carried out all over the coasts of the Gulf of Riga in more than 30 localities by means of various gears
Gaumiga et al. in prep.
II
Catch and catch per unit effort (measured as unit catch per fishing day)of herring,
flounder and eelpout
0
50
100
150
200
Cat
ch (
tons
)
Herring
Flounder
Eelpout
0.00.20.40.60.81.01.21.41.61.8
1675
1677
1679
1681
1683
1685
1987
1689
1691
1694
1696
Year
Cat
ch P
er U
nit E
ffor
t
Herring
Flounder
Eelpout
Switch to eelpout fishing when flounder catches were low (same fishing grounds and seasons)
Gaumiga et al. in prep.
II
Comparison with recent data
0
200
400
600
800
1000
19
70
19
74
19
78
19
82
19
86
19
90
19
94
19
98
20
02
0
10000
20000
30000
40000
50000
19
70
19
74
19
78
19
82
19
86
19
90
19
94
19
98
20
02
0
5000
10000
15000
20000
25000
19
72
19
75
19
78
19
81
19
84
19
87
19
90
19
93
19
96
19
99
20
02
Herring: max ca. 200 tons in late 17th c.
Flounder: max ca. 50 tons in late 17th c. 1984-2002 mean ca. 100 tons
Eelpout: max ca 25 tons in late 17th c.; about the same in 2000-2002!
Gaumiga et al. in prep.
II
Freshwater and Coastal Fisheries
0
1
2
3
4
Lan
ding
s (t
) Ide Roach Perch
Pike
200
300
400
500
1796
1801
1806
1811
1816
1821
1826
1831
1836
1841
1846
1851
Land
ings
(num
bers
)
Grossenhoff Manor,Estonia
Ide Leuciscus idusRoach Rutilus rutilusPerch Perca fluviatilisPike Esox lucius
III
Lajus et al. in prep.