IMPROVING STUDENTS’ WRITING SKILL OF

DESCRIPTIVE TEXT THROUGH GUIDED QUESTIONS

(A Classroom Action Research at the Tenth Grade Students of SMAN 1

Karanganyar Demak in Academic Year 2013/2014)

By

UMI NAINI IKHDA

NIM 201032085

ENGLISH EDUCATION DEPARTMENT

TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION FACULTY

MURIA KUDUS UNIVERSITY

2014

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IMPROVING STUDENTS’ WRITING SKILL OF

DESCRIPTIVE TEXT THROUGH GUIDED QUESTIONS

(A Classroom Action Research at the Tenth Grade Students of SMAN 1

Karanganyar Demak in Academic Year 2013/2014)

SKRIPSI

Presented to the University of Muria Kudus

In a Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for Completing

the Sarjana Program In the Department of English Education

By

UMI NAINI IKHDA

NIM 201032085

ENGLISH EDUCATION DEPARTMENT

TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION FACULTY

UNIVERSITY OF MURIA KUDUS

2014

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MOTTO AND DEDICATION

MOTTO

Do the best if you can do it.

Teachers open the door but you must enter by yourself.

Think carefully, act quickly and think deeply

DEDICATION

This Skripsi dedicated to:

Her beloved mother (Sukarni), father (Ahmadi),

brother (M.Ronzi) who always pray for her

success.

Her beloved boyfriend (Nasrur R) who always

support her.

Her bestfriends; Oktia Kurniawati,

Aulia Fatwa .A.. and all my bestfriend

who always support and motivate her.

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

First and foremost, the writer would like to thank to Allah SWT who

always blessed and guides her along the way. Praise to Allah the Lord of the

world for blessing given to her during her study and completing her final project

entitled “Improving Students’ Writing Skill of Descriptive Text Through Guided

Questions (A Classroom Action Research at The Tenth Grade Students of SMAN

1 Karanganyar Demak in Academic Year 2013/2014)”. Peace and blessing be

upon our prophet Muhammad SAW, his family, his companions and his

followers. The writer realizes that this skripsi would never be complete without

assistance of others. The writer realizes that this skripsi will never be completed

without assistancing from others. The writer would like to express her sincerest

appreciation and deepest gratitude to:

1. Dr. Slamet Utomo, M.Pd as the Dean of Teacher Training and Education

Faculty of Muria Kudus University.

2. Diah Kurniati, M.Pd as the Head of English Education Department of

Teacher Training and Education Faculty of Muria Kudus University and as

the first advisor for the valuable guidance and advice.

3. Nuraeningsih, S.Pd, M.Pd as the second advisor who has already given his

valuable input and suggestion in writing this skripsi.

4. The headmaster of SMAN 1 Karanganyar Demak, Drs. Purnomo for

giving his permission to conduct the research.

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5. The English teacher at SMAN 1 Karanganyar Demak, Mrs. Indun

Wardani who has shared her knowledge and her ideas to help me.

6. Her beloved father and mother who always love her, give her spirit and

pray for her success.

Kudus, July 2014

The Writer

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ABSTRACT

Ikhda, Umi Naini. 2014. Improving Students’ Writing Skill of Descriptive Text

Through Guided Questions (A Classroom Action Research at The Tenth

Grade Students of SMAN 1 Karanganyar Demak in Academic Year

2013/2014) Skripsi: English Education Department, Teacher Training and

Education Faculty of Muria Kudus University. Advisors: (i) Diah Kurniati,

S.Pd, M.Pd. (ii) Nuraeningsih, S.Pd, M.Pd.

Key word: Writing Ability, Descriptive Text and Guided Questions.

Writing is an activity to express idea, thoughts or even experiences of the

form of paragraph. It is one of the skills which must be taught to the students of

Senior High School. One of the basic competencies that should be achieved in the

writing English subject in the X grade is that the students have ability to produce

written descriptive text. The fact shows that the students find difficulties in

writing. They cannot construct sentence well because they think writing is a

difficult thing to do. Teaching technique has been used in this research to improve

the writing ability of the students. Guided Questions technique is a technique

which can help the students to improve their writing ability.

The objectives of this research is to find out whether guided questions can

improve students’ writing skill of descriptive text at the tenth grade students of

SMAN 1 Karanganyar Demak in academic year 2013/2014.

This research is a classroom action research (CAR). In cycle 1 of CAR

consists of 4 steps; planning, acting, observing, and reflection. The subject of this

research is the eighth grade students of SMAN1 Karanganyar Demak class X

MS3 consists of 30 students. In this research, the writer uses two instruments; test

and observation sheet.

After doing cycle 2, the writer found improvement of students’ writing

ability and students’ response from each cycle. In the cycle 1, the students’

average score of was 70.53. In the cycle 2, the students’ average score was

78.33. In the cycle I, there were 10 students passed the KKM and in the cycle 2,

only 1 student did not pass the KKM. Furthermore, from the observation sheet

there was improvement the students’ response in each cycle. In the cycle 1, the

students’ response was good enough, some of them were still confused. In cycle 2,

the students’ response was better than cycle 1, the looked enthusiastic in teaching

and learning process.

So, from this research, the writer can conclude that Guided Questions

technique can improve the writing ability of descriptive text of the tenth grade

students of SMAN 1 Karanganyar Demak in academic year 2013/2014. The

Writer has suggestion that English teachers are advised to use Guided Questions

in teaching writing descriptive text, because it is proved that this technique can

improve the students’ achievement in writing. The technique also can help the

students to express their ideas and help them construct a sentence. The teacher to

be more creative in teaching writing.

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ABSTRAK

Ikhda, Umi Naini. 2014. Meningkatkan Kemampuan Siswa dalam Menulis Teks

Deskriptif Melalui Guided Questions(Penelitian Tindakan Kelas Untuk

Siswa Kelas Sepuluh SMAN 1 Karanganyar Demak Tahun Akademik

2013/2014). Skripsi. English Education Department, Teacher Training and

Education Faculty of Muria Kudus University. Advisors : (i) Diah

Kurniati, S.Pd, M.Pd. (ii) Nuraeningsih, S.Pd, M.Pd.

Kata kunci : Kemampuan Menulis, Teks Deskriptif, dan Teknik Guided

Questions.

Menulis adalah suatu kegiatan mengungkapkan ide, pikiran atau bahkan

pengalaman ke dalam bentuk paragraph. Ini adalah salah satu skill yang harus

diajarkan untuk siswa – siwa di SMA. Salah satu kompetensi dasar yang harus

dicapai dalam pelajaran Bahasa Inggris kelas X yaitu siswa mampu menulis teks

deskriptif. Fakta menunjukkan bahwa siswa mengalami kesulitan dalam menulis.

Mereka tidak bisa menyusun kalimat dengan baik karena mereka berpikir menulis

adalah hal yang sulit untuk dilakukan. Teknik mengajar telah digunakan dalam

penelitian ini untuk meningkatkan kemampuan menulis siswa. Teknik Guided

Questions adalah teknik yang dapat membantu siswa untuk meningkatkan

kemampuan menulis mereka.

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui apakah Guided dapat

meningkatkan kemampuan menulis siswa dari teks deskriptif pada siswa kelas X

SMAN 1 Karanganyar Demak pada Tahun Akademik 2013/2014.

Penelitian ini adalah sebua Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK). Pada siklus

1 PTK terdiri dari 4 langkah; perencanaan, tindakan, mengamatan, dan refleksi.

Subjek penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas X kelas SMAN1 Karanganyar Demak X

MS3 terdiri dari 30 siswa. Dalam penelitian ini, penulis menggunakan dua

instrumen; tes dan lembar observasi.

Setelah melakukan siklus 2, penulis menemukan peningkatan kemampuan

siswa dalam responnya dari setiap siklus. Pada siklus I, nilai rata-rata siswa adalah

70,53. Pada siklus 2, nilai rata-rata siswa adalah 78,33. Pada siklus I, ada 10 siswa

lulus KKM dan pada siklus 2, hanya 1 siswa tidak lulus KKM. Selanjutnya, dari

lembar observasi ada peningkatan respon siswa pada setiap siklus. Pada siklus I,

respon siswa cukup baik, beberapa dari mereka masih bingung. Pada siklus 2,

respon siswa lebih baik dari siklus 1, tampak antusias dalam proses belajar

mengajar.

Jadi, dari penelitian ini, penulis dapat menyimpulkan bahwa teknik Guided

Questions dapat meningkatkan kemampuan siswa dalam menulis teks deskriptif

kelas X SMAN 1 Karanganyar Demak pada tahun akademik 2013/2014.

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Penulis mempunyai saran Guru bahasa Inggris disarankan untuk menggunakan

Guided Questions dalam mengajar menulis teks deskriptif, karena terbukti bahwa

teknik ini dapat meningkatkan prestasi siswa dalam menulis. Teknik ini juga dapat

membantu siswa untuk mengekspresikan ide-ide mereka dan membantu mereka

menyusun kalimat. Guru lebih kreatif dalam mengajar menulis.

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

COVER ........................................................................................................... i

PAGE OF LOGO ........................................................................................... ii

PAGE OF TITLE ........................................................................................... iii

MOTTO AND DEDICATION ...................................................................... iv

ADVISORS’APPROVAL ............................................................................. v

EXAMINERS’ APPROVAL ......................................................................... vi

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ............................................................................. vii

ABSTRACT .................................................................................................... ix

ABSTRAK ...................................................................................................... x

TABLE OF CONTENTS ............................................................................... xii

LIST OF TABLES ......................................................................................... xv

LIST OF FIGURE ......................................................................................... xvi

LIST OF APPENDICES ............................................................................... xvii

CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION

1.1. Background of the Research .......................................................................... 1

1.2. Statement of the Problem ............................................................................... 3

1.3. Objective of the Research .............................................................................. 3

1.4. Significance of the Research .......................................................................... 3

1.5. Scope of the Research .................................................................................... 4

1.6. Operational Definition ................................................................................... 4

CHAPTER II REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND

HYPOTHESIS

2.1. Teaching English in SMAN 1 KaranganyarDemak ....................................... 6

2.1.1 The Material of Teaching English in SMAN 1 KaranganyarDemak ........... 7

2.2 Writing Skill .................................................................................................... 7

2.2.1 The Purpose of Writing ................................................................................ 8

2.2.2 The Characteristic of Good Writing ............................................................. 9

2.2.3 The Forms of Writing................................................................................... 9

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2.2.4 The Process of Writing ................................................................................ 11

2.3 Descriptive Text .............................................................................................. 13

2.3.1 The Definition of Descriptive Text .............................................................. 13

2.3.2 The Generic Structure of descriptive Text ................................................... 13

2.3.3 Guides Line in Writing Descriptive Text ..................................................... 14

2.4 Guided Questions ............................................................................................ 15

2.4.1 The Definition of Guided Questions ............................................................ 15

2.4.2 The Purpose of using Guided Questions ...................................................... 17

2.4.3 The Steps of Teaching Writing Descriptive Text

Using Guided Questions .............................................................................. 17

2.5 Review of Previous Research.......................................................................... 17

2.6 Theoretical Framework ................................................................................... 19

2.7 Hypothesis ....................................................................................................... 20

CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHOD

3.1Setting and Characteristic of Research Subject ............................................... 21

3.2 Variable of Research ....................................................................................... 21

3.3 Design of Research ......................................................................................... 22

3.3.1 Planning ....................................................................................................... 23

3.3.2 Action ........................................................................................................... 23

3.3.3 Observation .................................................................................................. 23

3.3.4 Analysis and Reflection ............................................................................... 24

3.4 Procedure of the Research ............................................................................... 24

3.5 Data analysis ................................................................................................... 25

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CHAPTER IV FINDINGS OF RESEARCH

4.1 Pre-Cycle ......................................................................................................... 29

4.2 The Improvement of Writing Skill in Descriptive Text at the Tenth Grade of

SMAN 1 KaranganyarDemak by Using Guided Questions .......................... 29

4.2.1The Result of Cycle I .................................................................................... 29

4.2.2Plan ................................................................................................................ 30

4.2.3Action ............................................................................................................ 31

4.2.4 Observation ................................................................................................ 32

4.2.5 Reflection ................................................................................................... 39

4.2.2 The Result of Cycle II .................................................................................. 39

4.2.2.1 Plan ............................................................................................................ 39

4.2.2.2 Action ........................................................................................................ 40

4.2.2.3 Observation ............................................................................................... 41

4.2.2.4 Reflection .................................................................................................. 48

CHAPTER V DISCUSSION .............................................................................. 49

CHAPTER VICONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION

6.1 Conclusion ...................................................................................................... 53

6.2 Suggestion ....................................................................................................... 55

REFERENCES ...................................................................................................... 56

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LIST OF TABLE

2.3.2 The Generic Structure of Descriptive Text .................................................. 14

3.5 Table of scoring writing skill ......................................................................... 25

4.1 The Observation Sheet Teacher and Students Activities Using Guided

Question to Improve the Writing Ability in Descriptive Text at Tenth Grade

Students of SMA N 1 KaranganyarDemak in Academic Year 2013/2014 in

cycle 1 ................................................................................................................... 31

4.2 Score of the Students’ Writing Ability Test at Tenth Grade Students of

SMAN 1 KaranganyarDemak in Academic Year 2013/2014 by Using Guided

Questions (Cycle1) ......................................................................................... 35

4.3 Criteria of Scoring for the Students’ Writing Ability .................................... 36

4.4 The Observation Sheet Teacher and Students Activities Using Guided

Question to Improve the Writing Ability in Descriptive Text at Tenth Grade

Students of SMA N 1 KaranganyarDemak in Academic Year 2013/2014 in

cycle 2 ............................................................................................................ 41

4.5 Score of the Students’ Writing Ability Test at Tenth Grade Students of SMAN

1 KaranganyarDemak in Academic Year 2013/2014 by Using Guided

Questions (Cycle2) ......................................................................................... 45

4.6 Criteria of Scoring for the Students’ Writing Ability ..................................... 46

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LIST OF FIGURES

3.3 Cyclical ARmodel based onKemmis and Mc Taggart (1988) ........................ 22

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LIST OF APENDICES

1. The Syllabus of SMAN 1 Karanganyar Demak in academic year

2013/2014

2. Lesson Plan

3. Students’ Worksheet

4. Observation Sheet of Teacher and Students’ Activities

5. Students’ Scoring

6. Penetapan Pembimbing Skripsi

7. Permohonan Ijin Penelitian

8. Surat Keterangan Telah Melakukan Penelitian

9. Statement

10. Keterangan Selesei Bimbingan

11. Berita Acara Bimbingan