glyn moody: the great prize: open innovation

the great prize:
open innovation

glyn moody

once in a lifetime?

global society is passing through a major transition

transition from analogue to digitalvinyl LPs to CDs

video tapes to DVDs

books to ebooks

*not* once in a lifetime

once in a *civilisation*

the digital world

the passage from analogue to digital touches most facets of modern life

most evident in the realm of content music, film, text

brings need to move from approaches based on scarcity to those based on abundance

digital abundance

marginal cost of a digital copy is close to zero

today: 50 memory stick, capacity 32 Gbytes, stores 5,000 songs

tomorrow: 50 memory stick, capacity 32 Tbytes = 32,000 Gbytes, stores 5,000,000 songsSpotify: 13,799,112 tracks

digital knowledge

day after tomorrow: able to put all recorded knowledge text, sounds, pictures, video - on a memory stick

everyone with a smartphone can access *all* of it, anywhere

innovation driven not just by knowledge, but by connections

network effects of knowledge, of knowers

analogue innovation

innovation in an analogue (pre-Web) worldcentralised

top-down

collaboration hard

not scalableThe Mythical Man-Month (1975): adding manpower to a late software project makes it later

adding knowledge to traditional innovation makes it slower

digital innovation

new kind of innovation first appeared in the earliest digital domain: software

its birth and characteristics can be observed in the story of the free operating system, GNU/Linux

what's GNU?

GNU born in 1984 at MIT

GNU is GNU's Not Unix - a recursive acronym

one man's attempt to create a free version of the leading Unix operating system

a change of heart

by 1991, GNU was still unfinished: it lacked a kernel - the heart of the operating system

in March 1991, 21-year-old student Linus Torvalds started writing one just for fun in his Helsinki bedroom

key inflection was August 1991, when he opened up his Linux project using the Internet

open innovation

decentralisedanyone, anywhere, could join in

bottom-uppeople fed suggestions, problems and solutions to Linus

collaboration easyInternet was more affordable

scalableno formal training required everything is out in the open

Linus' Law

Eric Raymond: given enough eyeballs, all bugs are shallow

different people approach a problem in different ways

adding more people increases the probability that someones approach will matched the problem in such a way that the solution is obvious (shallow) to that person

power, economy, reliability

91% of top 500 supercomputers run Linux 1% run Microsoft Windows

Google runs its services on millions of servers running Linuxso does Facebook, Twitter etc.

Android mobile phone system runs on Linux400,000 handsets activated daily

launched November 2007

open innovation projects

open genomicsHuman Genome Project

open accessarXiv, Public Library of Science

open contentWikipedia

open dataOpenStreetMap

motivating open innovation

personal satisfaction (aka fun)

peer esteem

altruism

moneybut generally work is aligned with one or more of the above as well

crowdsourcing

open problem-solving (2004)not formal projects

open call for solution

self-selecting group respond

large-scale, loosely-specified, no reward UK MPs expenses

smaller-scale, tightly-specified, payment by results DesignCrowd

mixed specification and payment terms Challenge.gov

inducement prizes (1)

highly-directed, highly-rewarded, high-profile form of problem-based open innovation

Longitude Prize (1714) for simple way to determine ship's longitude 20,000 - determine longitude within 30 nautical miles (56 km)

worth 40,000,000 present-day money

won unexpectedly by clockmaker, John Harrison


Orteig Prize (1919) for flying non-stop New York-Paris ($25,000)won by Charles Lindbergh 1927

9 teams spent $400,000

instigated US aviation boom:300% more applications for pilot's licence in 1927; 400% more licensed aircraft in 1927;air passengers went from 5,800 (1926) to 173,400 (1927)

huge media event


Ansari X Prize for building and launching a spacecraft capable of carrying three people to 100 kilometres above the earth's surface, twice within two weeks ($10 million)26 teams spent more than $100 million trying to win prize

$1.5 billion dollars spent on private spaceflight industry

widespread publicity


more X Prizessequence 100 human genomes within 10 days or less, $10,000 per genome ($10 million)

launching, landing, and operating a rover on the lunar surface ($20 million)

improved point-of-care TB diagnostic suitable for the developing world

open inducement prizes (1)

wide openScotland's Saltire Prize - 10 million purse to reward wave and tidal energy breakthroughs: open to any individual, team or organisation

16 year-old Canadian won national science contest with drug cocktail for helping cystic fibrosis patients

largest pool of participants


big problems, loose solutionsinspire *and* liberate

need clear end-points, ideally with milestones against which progress can be checked

need maximum freedom for achieving those milestones and the final result


transparent processparticipants can gain peer esteem and assume leadership roles

new communities can be created around problems

feedback from even wider circle of interested parties can be offered

provides broad educational benefits


clear social benefittaps into altruism

motivates people to participate

easier to create sustained media interest

public is more engaged with prize and participants


sharingencourage contestants to share results among themselves, through sub-prizes based on contributions, open source dividend etc.

stops re-invention of the wheel

accelerates open innovation

adds to knowledge abundance

drives further open innovation

creates virtuous circle

the great prize:
open innovation

[email protected]

@glynmoody on identi.ca/Twitter

opendotdotdot.blogspot.com

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glyn moody: the great prize: open innovation

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