French and Indian War

(In 8th grade speak: Like, England & the Iroquois VS. France and, like, many other

indian tribes)

1754 - 1763

1. Fr. V GB is Known as 7 Years War in Europe

• Fought in N. America, Europe, high seas– N. Amer part of war

called Fr-Ind War• Mostly fought in Ohio

River Valley• OTHER side of

Appalachians

Battle Map

2. England v. France

• French army• ALL Iroquois

enemies– Ottawa, Algonquian,

Abenaki, Huron

• English army• Colonist militias• Help from reluctant

Iroquois Confederacy

3. How the war starts…

• George Washington, 21 yr old and brash, marched into Fr. Terr w/150 milita men

• Toward Ft. Duquesne– Modern day Pittsburgh, PA

• Ambushed a Fr. Patrol– Killed many

• Told Fr @ Ft. Duquesne to leave Brit Terr– > BUT really is Fr Terr.

G Wash cont.• Built Ft. Necessity to await

surrender of Fr. -HOWEVER-• Fr marched in 6000

soldiers from nearby fort Quebec– Surrounded Gwash

• Told to return to Brit cols and never come back

• Gwash reports “…a blow was struck against the French…”

• War is ON!

North America Pre Fr-Ind war

Lots of battles

• French Wins– Fort Ticonderoga– Lake George– Fort Niagara

• Brit victories– Eventually, take back

Ticon, George & Niagara

– Montreal– Quebec City

French fight dirty

• After surrendering Ft. Ticonderoga, British Gen. Braddock allowed to leave w/ army never to return to NA.

- BUT -• Fr order ambush• 1000 Brit soldiers &

colonists die– Brits vow revenge!

Eventually…

• The British pour in lots of money

• Send thousands of troops from England & other wars to NA

• William Pitt vows to “win at all costs”

• Brits start winning

Brits win!

• France surrenders• Terms of peace:

– France leaves NA• Allowed to keep 1/2 of Isla

Hispaniola (Haiti)• Spain gets Fr. Land WEST

of Miss R.– Payment for helping Fr.

– Brits get all land EAST of Miss R.

– Only Sp & GB in NA

6. Chief Pontiac organizes NAs

• Chief Pontiac of the Ottawa, once allied w/Fr, is not done fighting– does not want Eng

colonists movig into Ohio Riv Valley any more.

• Organizes tribes to attack colonists and Brit soldiers in OH riv valley

• Scares King George III of England

7. Results of Fr-Ind War

• Fr out of NA pic• Nat Amers in civil war• GB in serious debt

– Will tax colonies to pay for war debt

• Proclamation Line of 1763– Eng no want to anger

Chief Pontiac• Keeps colonists East of

Appalachians away from Nat Amers

• Albany Plan of Union…

8. Albany Plan of Union(based on Iroquois Confederacy)

• Benjamin Franklin led• Plan to unite 13

colonies under one central gov’t– Defense

• Prevent another Fr-Ind War

– Relations w/ Indians• Improve peace• Co-exist w/ Inds

• Plan failed, but 1st attempt at uniting cols