Microlight flights Microlight flights lessonslessons

Exercise 4 Effects of controls

Microlight Flight Microlight Flight LessonsLessons

Microlight Flight Microlight Flight LessonsLessons

Exercise 4 Effects of Exercise 4 Effects of ControlsControls

Flexwing MicrolightFlexwing Microlight

AimAim To understand how each To understand how each control effects the aircraft control effects the aircraft

in flightin flight

The flight path can be resolved The flight path can be resolved into three planes of movementinto three planes of movement

ControlControl Weight shiftWeight shift

Primary Control is Primary Control is effected by moving the effected by moving the trike unit and hence the trike unit and hence the centre of gravity. centre of gravity. relative to the wingrelative to the wing

StabilityStability HANDS OFF TRIM POSITION- H.O.THANDS OFF TRIM POSITION- H.O.T..

The aircraft is very stable and can The aircraft is very stable and can flown hands off the control bar. The flown hands off the control bar. The aircraft will automatically correct for aircraft will automatically correct for small disturbances in light turbulence small disturbances in light turbulence in pitch and to lesser degree in rolein pitch and to lesser degree in role..

Primary Attitude ReferencePrimary Attitude Reference The Primary reference to the The Primary reference to the

attitude is the Horizonattitude is the Horizon

Point on front strut used to asses

horizon

This photo shows Banked turn to right

AirspeedAirspeed Airspeed is shown by the Airspeed is shown by the

airspeed indicator. airspeed indicator. ASI ASI , and can , and can be assessed from the pressure of be assessed from the pressure of airflow on the pilots bodyairflow on the pilots body

ROLLING OR BANKING THE ROLLING OR BANKING THE AIRCRAFTAIRCRAFT

AS THE AIRCRAFT BANKS IT WILL AS THE AIRCRAFT BANKS IT WILL BEGIN TO SLIP.YAW.TURN BEGIN TO SLIP.YAW.TURN

SlipSlipYawYawTurnTurn

Slip

Yaw

Slip

Turn Nose will lowerInto the turn

Rolling or banking the AircraftRolling or banking the Aircraft Moving the control bar laterally Moving the control bar laterally

causes the aircraft to ROLLcauses the aircraft to ROLL

Moving the control bar laterally

Rolling back to level

Slip

Stabilise in new banked angle

Yaw

Moving the control bar forwards Moving the control bar forwards or backwards causes the aircraft or backwards causes the aircraft

to pitchto pitch

Bar Forwards –Nose pitches upBar Forwards –Nose pitches up Bar Back _ Nose pitches downBar Back _ Nose pitches down

Bar Forwards

Nose pitches upBar Back

Nose pitchesdown

Further EffectsFurther EffectsControl Control MovementMovement

Primary Primary

EffectEffectFurther Further EffectsEffects

Bar ForwardBar Forward Pitch nose Pitch nose upup

Reduction of Reduction of airspeedairspeed

Bar backBar back Pitch nose Pitch nose downdown

Increase in Increase in airspeedairspeed

Bar rightBar right Roll to the Roll to the leftleft

Slip and yaw Slip and yaw to the leftto the left

Bar leftBar left Roll to the Roll to the rightright

Slip and yaw Slip and yaw to the rightto the right

Effect of air speedEffect of air speed

High airspeed High airspeed {bar back{bar back} = Light } = Light

and fast roll response and fast roll response

Low airspeedLow airspeed {bar forward} {bar forward} ==Heavy and slow roll responseHeavy and slow roll response

Effects of powerEffects of powerThe initial effect of increases in power

Is a temporary increase in airspeed

Initial effect of reducing power is

A temporary reduction of airspeed

Decreasing power

Increase power Increase in airspeed

DecreaseIn airspeed

TheThe further effect of a power changefurther effect of a power change

Increase power the

Aircraft will nose up

And climb

Decrease power the aircraft will nose down And

descendNose

Up & climbDecrease power

NoseDown & descend

The air speed will settle off to the original trim speed

Increase

power

The effects of TrimmerThe effects of Trimmer

Reflex shown in pictureTrailing edge

Effects of trimmer setsDifferent amounts of reflex

This controls the H.O.T position and

Hence H.O.T.airspeed to relieveYiring out of trim bar pressure

At chosen airspeed

AIRMANSHIPAIRMANSHIP

LookoutLookout

At the horizon At the horizon to assess to assess aircraft aircraft attitude and attitude and for other for other aircraftaircraft

HorizonAircraft attitude

Airmanship Cont-Airmanship Cont-Passing ControlPassing Control

It is important that the student knows when he is control of It is important that the student knows when he is control of the aircraft either Instructor or Student.the aircraft either Instructor or Student.

Also the instructor may ask the student to follow through on Also the instructor may ask the student to follow through on the controls with the instructor to get a feel of the bar the controls with the instructor to get a feel of the bar movementmovement..

InstructorInstructor “You have control”“You have control” Student “I have control”Student “I have control” Instructor Instructor “ I have control”“ I have control” Student “ You have controlStudent “ You have control””

You must relinquish control immediately You must relinquish control immediately after been askedafter been asked