Dravya Guna ParyayDravya Guna Paryay

Not an expert.Not an expert.

Intent : Intent : Share thoughts, Share thoughts, Seek perspective & Seek perspective & Improve thought process.Improve thought process.

So, please forgive any errors.So, please forgive any errors.

Universe Universe

Why do we need to know …..

Who am I ?

What is life / how it starts ? - forms : microscopic to largest known.

What is universe ? How big it is ? Are we alone in this universe?

- search on other planets, solar systems, galaxies.

Curiosity is human nature .... makes progress possible !

Universe : Jain PerspectiveUniverse : Jain Perspective

Six Dravyas (basic elements) + their Paryays (forms).Why do we need to know …..

Loka-Svarupa-Bhavana 10th of 12 Reflections. Reflecting on universe makes one understand the

truenature of reality, eternity of substances & transient

forms.

Jiva & Ajiva Tatvas Eternal nature of Soul & other matters (dravya) and

their properties (guna), and transient nature of their

forms / modes (paryayas). - differentiation : a steps towards

separation.

Intellectual & Spiritual progressLogical & analytical explanation of universal

dynamics.Very closely relates religion and science.

Universe : Structural ViewUniverse : Structural View

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All Six ‘Dravya’s in ‘Lokakash’

Alokakash(space)

Jiva (Soul)

Pudgal(Matter)

Akash(Space)

Dharma(Medium of Motion)

Adharma(Medium of Rest)

Kal(Time)

7Urdhva-Loka (Swargas)

Adho-Loka (Narakas)

Madhya-Loka (Humans)

‘‘Dravya’ Dravya’ (element, substance, ‘padarth’, ‘sat’) :(element, substance, ‘padarth’, ‘sat’) :

Mass of inseparable attributes ‘Guna’ Eternal in nature

Always existed & will exist.

6 fundamental types

Infinite in numbers

An element:A pure substance consisting of one type of (atom) smallest

particle, distinguished by its property.

‘‘Guna’ Guna’ (Properties, qualities, attributes):(Properties, qualities, attributes):

Properties, that exist in all parts* of a substance in all its forms, modifications (‘paryay’s).

1 Pradesh = 1 spatial units = space occupied by smallest indivisible particle called paramanu.

Infinite qualities in each substances Inseparable from its own Dravya.

Samanya Guna (Common Qualities) Qualities that exist in all types of Dravyas.

Vishesh Guna (Special Qualities) Qualities that do not exist in all but found only in its own type of Dravya.

Each quality undergo continuous change. Every moment, old form goes out of existence & new emerges.

Every emerging new form is called ‘Paryay’

Transient in nature. Life of paryay = 1 moment.

Infinite qualities, so infinite ‘Paryays’ emerge every moment in each ‘Dravya’

‘‘Paryay’ Paryay’ (Form / Mode / Transient Status):(Form / Mode / Transient Status):

Ajiva (Achetan / Non living)

Qty :

Size :‘Pradesh’

Type :

Infinite Infinite One InnumerableOne One

Innumerable One

Invisible(Arupi)

Rupi(Visible)

Invisible(Arupi)

Invisible(Arupi)

Invisible(Arupi)

Invisible(Arupi)

FormsTransformation

Pure / Impure

Pure PurePure PurePure / Impure

InfiniteInnumerable Innumerable

Six ‘Dravya’s : Six ‘Dravya’s :

Jiva (Soul)

Pudgal(Matter)

Akash(Space)

Dharma(Medium of

Motion)

Adharma(Medium of

Rest)

Kal(Time)

Innumerable

(Chetan)

Panch Asti-Kaya

Infinite = ‘Anant’ Innumerable = ‘Asankhyat’

Six ‘Dravya’sSix ‘Dravya’sJiva (Soul)

Pudgal(Matter)

Akash(Space)

Dharma(Medium of

Motion)

Adharma(Medium of

Rest)

Kal(Time)

Samanya Gunas (Common Qualities / Attributes)

Dyavyatva : Changeability (form / modification of its paryay changes every moment)

Vastutva : Functionality (performs its own specific functions)

Astiatva : Existence or Is-ness (Substance is never destroyed or can never be created)

Pradeshatva : Shape formation attribute (always exist in some shape or form)

Agurulaghutva : Constancy of Individuality (one do not change into other. Gunas in-seperable)

Prameyatva : Know-ability or knowableness (always subject of some kind of knowledge)

Six ‘Dravya’sSix ‘Dravya’s

Jiva (Soul)

Pudgal(Matter)

Akash(Space)

Dharma(Medium of

Motion)

Adharma(Medium of

Rest)

Kal(Time)

Vishesh Gunas (Special Qualities / Attributes)

Dravya, Kshetra, Kal, Bhav

Knowledge

(Gyan)

Perception

(Darshan)

Conduct

(Charitra)

Bliss

(Sukha)

Touch

(Sparsha)

Test

(Rasa)

Smell

(Gandha)

Color

(Varna)

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Agility (Kriyavati Shakti)

All dravyas of this universe are eternal but continuously undergo countless changes.

Dravya (Substance) Guna (Qualities) Paryay (Transformation)

Permanent in naturePermanent in nature Transient in natureTransient in nature

Each Substance Has infinite Qualities Each undergoing change in status – each moment

Dhruva Utpada Vyaya

• Swabhav Paryay (of permanent/pure characteristics)

• Vibhav Paryay (of transient/impure characteristics)

Utpada – Vyaya - DhruvaUtpada – Vyaya - Dhruva

New Form Emerges

Old Form Ceases

Samsari (Impure)Samsari (Impure)

Siddhas (Pure)

Siddhas (Pure)

- Souls w/karmic bondage ‘co-exist’- Possess body (Pudgal)

- Audarik, Karman, Tejas body - Affected by ‘karmic dynamics’

- Cycle of birth & death - Limited ‘Special Qualities’ of soul.

- Liberated Souls- Infinite Knowledge (Keval Gnan)- Infinite / Pure Perception (Anant Darshan)- Infinite / Pure Conduct (Anant Charitra)- Infinite Bliss (Anant Sukha)- Infinite Energy (Anant Virya)

- Knowledge (Gyan)- Perception (Darshan)- Conduct (Charitra)- Bliss (Sukha)

- Agility (Kriyavati Shakti)

Special Qualities (Vishesh Guna) :Jiva Dravya - Jiva Dravya - SoulSoul

Vibhav Paryay Swabhav Paryay

Ajiva Dravya – MatterAjiva Dravya – Matter- Touch (Sparsha)- Test (Rasa)- Smell (Gandha)- Color (Varna)- Agility (Kriyavati Shakti)

Matter (Pudgal)Matter

(Pudgal)

Smallest Particle : Atom Smallest Particle : Atom (Parmänu)(Parmänu)

Clusters (Skandha)Clusters (Skandha)

- Ahar Vargana (Physical Body)

- Mano vargana (Mind)

- Bhasha vargana (Speech)

- Tejas Vargana (Tejas body)

- Karman Vargana (Karmic body)

- …..

Special Qualities (Vishesh Gunas) :

Samsari (Impure)Samsari (Impure)

- Souls w/karmic bondage ‘co-exist’- Limited ‘Special Qualities’ of soul.

- Knowledge (Gyan)- Perception (Darshan)- Conduct (Charitra)

Special Qualities (Vishesh Guna) :

Jiva Dravya Jiva Dravya (Soul)(Soul)

Knowledge (Gyan) is limited ..

Paroksha : acquired through max 5 senses (Mati) & Shrut Gyan.

‘Paryay’ drushti. ‘Jiva’ as ‘Dravya’ : Hard to conceptualize & experience .

Vibhav Paryay ConductKnowledge

Perception

- Knowledge (Gyan)

- Perception / Faith

(Darshan / Shraddha)

- Conduct (Charitra)

Jiva Dravya Jiva Dravya (Soul)(Soul)

ConductKnowledge

Perception

Qualities (Guna) :

- Mati Gyan : through senses.- Shrut Gyan : analytical, comprehended.

- False views (Thought process)- False believes (Mithyatwa)

- Kashayas (Krodh, Man, Maya Lobh)- Pramad (Laxity) etc

Mode (Vibhav Paryays)

Samsari (Impure)Samsari (Impure)

High in Purity..- Mati Gyan

- Shrut Gyan (Samyak)

- Right views - Right Faith (Samyak)

- Diluted Kashaya & Pramad

Paryay & Paryay & DravyaDravya

The knowledge, the knower and the known are the three elements of knowledge.

The Knower (Gnata) - The person who learnt The Known (Geya) - The matter about which the information is obtained and The knowledge (Gyan) - What knower acquires through process of knowing.

5 Senses & Mati Gyan

Shrut Gyan This knowledge is acquired through reading, listening and interpretation.

- Touch (Sparsha) - Skin / body 1- Test (Rasa) - Tung 2- Smell (Gandha) - Nose 3- Color (Varna) - Eyes 4- Sound (Dhvani) - Ears 5 sense Jivas

Non-One-Sidedness (ANEKANTAVAD)Non-One-Sidedness (ANEKANTAVAD)

EXISTENCE NON-EXISTENCE

INEXPRESSIBILITY

1 2

3

6

4

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The Seven Fold Predication of the Real

Paryay & Paryay & DravyaDravya

1. Gold ornaments (ring / bangle) & Gold

- Sellers perspective / buyers perspective

Paryay & Paryay & DravyaDravya

2. Water / Clouds / Snow / Steam

- What is constant … what is changing…?

Reality = Substance + Quality + Reality = Substance + Quality + ModesModes

Modes

Water

H O2

Always regains original properties in Pure form.

Paryay & Paryay & DravyaDravya

3. Oxygen in air …. helps fire.

And, in water …. ?

Is property of Oxygen changing ?

Always regains original properties in Pure form.

Paryay & Paryay & DravyaDravya4. Carbon forms : Diamond v/s Graphite

Hardest material.One of the softest

materials.

Ultimate abrasive. A very good lubricant.

An excellent insulator electrical.

A conductor of electricity.

Best thermal conductor

Used for thermal insulation.

Highly transparent. Opaque.

Always regains original properties in Pure form.

Jiva Dravya Jiva Dravya (Soul)(Soul)

Swabhav Paryays

Mithyatwa

RightConduct

RightKnowledge

RightPerception

1st step : Samyaktwa

Improve Shrut Gyan Understand & apply Anekantvad and Nayas. Know & Believe through Experience. Correct the Perception & believes.

Special Qualities (Vishesh Guna) :

Always regains original properties in Pure form.

- Infinite Knowledge (Keval Gnan)- Purest Perception (Anant Darshan)- Infinite / Pure Conduct (Anant Charitra)- Infinite Bliss (Anant Sukha)- Infinite Energy (Anant Virya)

Spiritual Growth = moving towards…

/ VibhavParyays

Michchhami Michchhami Dukkadam !Dukkadam !