6 weeks Training in 6 weeks Training in Doordarshan JalandharDoordarshan Jalandhar

Presented by:- Presented by:- Rahul AroraRahul Arora

Prashant Paul Prashant Paul Vishal ChopraVishal ChopraVikas AnandVikas Anand

INTRODUCTIONINTRODUCTION

Doordarshan kendra serving an Doordarshan kendra serving an individual organization which plays individual organization which plays an important role in TVs cinemaan important role in TVs cinema

It provides free to air channels DD-It provides free to air channels DD-1,DD-NEWS and many more1,DD-NEWS and many more

It originates the programmes and It originates the programmes and telecast on the channel telecast on the channel

The inauguration of transmitter at The inauguration of transmitter at jalandhar was done on april 27,1975 jalandhar was done on april 27,1975 by Sh I.K Gujaral union minister of by Sh I.K Gujaral union minister of information and broadcastinginformation and broadcasting

Another channel is telecasted by the Another channel is telecasted by the doordarshan in punjabi is DD-Punjabidoordarshan in punjabi is DD-Punjabi

First studio in Punjab was made at First studio in Punjab was made at jalandharjalandhar

VARIOUS SECTIONS OF DD-VARIOUS SECTIONS OF DD-KENDRAKENDRA

STUDIOSTUDIO TRANSMITTERTRANSMITTER EARTH STATION EARTH STATION ENGENG NLENLE OB VANOB VAN

STUDIOSSTUDIOS

Television signals for broadcasting Television signals for broadcasting are originated by cameras ,recorded are originated by cameras ,recorded at the studios and replayed by video at the studios and replayed by video tape recorders, mixed in studio vision tape recorders, mixed in studio vision mixers and finally distributed for mixers and finally distributed for transmission.transmission.

Action In this includes staging, Action In this includes staging, lightening, performance by artists .lightening, performance by artists .

There are three different studios :-There are three different studios :-

Studio A Studio A

Studio BStudio B

Studio CStudio C Studio A is largest studio in Studio A is largest studio in

comparison to B & C used for main comparison to B & C used for main recordings (like for the program me recordings (like for the program me “LISHKARA” and “STAR NIGHT”)“LISHKARA” and “STAR NIGHT”)

Studio B is used for the live Studio B is used for the live programme like discussions, news & programme like discussions, news & sajjari sawer.sajjari sawer.

Studio C is the last studio.Studio C is the last studio. It is used ocassionly. It is used ocassionly. Studios are acoustic treated to provide Studios are acoustic treated to provide

good quality of sound.good quality of sound. Very efficient air conditioning is Very efficient air conditioning is

required for the heat dissipation by the required for the heat dissipation by the studio lights.studio lights.

There is three setup of cameras in the There is three setup of cameras in the studio A.studio A.

Studio warning lights and safety devices Studio warning lights and safety devices like fire alarm system and fire fighting like fire alarm system and fire fighting equipments.equipments.

CARCAR This stands for central apparatus This stands for central apparatus

room.room. Car is basically a channel or path Car is basically a channel or path

through which the video signal pass.through which the video signal pass. All studio has its own CCU ie. camera All studio has its own CCU ie. camera

control unit.control unit. PCR ie panel control room PCR ie panel control room The no. or model of video consol is The no. or model of video consol is

PDS 9000.PDS 9000.

ENGENG

Eng stands for electronic news Eng stands for electronic news gathering.gathering.

The purpose of eng is to gather news The purpose of eng is to gather news from different outside locations.from different outside locations.

Cameras used in eng section are Cameras used in eng section are small and light weight.small and light weight.

These cameras are called These cameras are called camcoders.camcoders.

The cameras used in ENG have three The cameras used in ENG have three sections :-sections :-

A camera lens and optics:- to form A camera lens and optics:- to form optical imageoptical image

A transducer or pick up device:- to A transducer or pick up device:- to convert optical image into electrical convert optical image into electrical signal.signal.

Electronics:- to process the output of Electronics:- to process the output of transducer.transducer.

Video Tape recordersVideo Tape recorders

VTR room is provided at each studio VTR room is provided at each studio center. It houses at least two console center. It houses at least two console type 1”videotape recorders (VTRs) type 1”videotape recorders (VTRs) and a few Broadcast standard and a few Broadcast standard Videocassette recorders (VCRs). In Videocassette recorders (VCRs). In these recorders, sound and video these recorders, sound and video signals are recorded simultaneously signals are recorded simultaneously on the same tape.on the same tape.

These are the VTR used to see the These are the VTR used to see the previews.previews.

Control panel is below them from where Control panel is below them from where all the control are managedall the control are managed

Computer SectionComputer Section It is basically related to editing.It is basically related to editing. There are two types of editings.There are two types of editings.

1.1. Linear editing.Linear editing.

2.2. Non linear editing.Non linear editing. Softwares used in non linear editing.Softwares used in non linear editing. For news editing Velocity 6.0 is used.For news editing Velocity 6.0 is used. For graphics MOV CG 2003 n Adobe For graphics MOV CG 2003 n Adobe

photoshop.photoshop. For programme editing velocity 8.0 and For programme editing velocity 8.0 and

FCP (final cut pro) FCP (final cut pro)

Leatch server used in graphics Leatch server used in graphics section.section.

It can record the programmes upto 24 It can record the programmes upto 24 hrs and more.hrs and more.

With this leatch server we can play With this leatch server we can play and record the programmes and record the programmes simultaneously.simultaneously.

It consists of 3 recorders and players.It consists of 3 recorders and players. Video logger is also used. Its can Video logger is also used. Its can

record the programmes upto 3 record the programmes upto 3 months.months.

It is for making a backup any pro.It is for making a backup any pro.

Non linear editingNon linear editing

Problem with Linear EditingProblem with Linear Editing

1)1) Editing is sequential – first shot firstEditing is sequential – first shot first

2)2) Long hours spent on rewinding of tapes , search Long hours spent on rewinding of tapes , search

3)3) of materialof material

4)4) Potential risk of damage to original footagePotential risk of damage to original footage

5)5) Difficult to insert a new shot in an editDifficult to insert a new shot in an edit

6)6) Difficult to experiment with VariationsDifficult to experiment with Variations

7)7) Quality loss more in analog; even with digitalQuality loss more in analog; even with digital

8)8) Limited Compositing, effects, color correction Limited Compositing, effects, color correction

9)9) CapabilityCapability

What is NLEWhat is NLE

1)1) NLE is video editing in digital format with NLE is video editing in digital format with

2)2) standard computer based technology standard computer based technology

3)3) Computer technology is harnessed in Computer technology is harnessed in Random Random

4)4) access, computational and manipulation access, computational and manipulation

5)5) capability, multiple copies, intelligent capability, multiple copies, intelligent search, search,

6)6) sophisticated project and media sophisticated project and media management management

7)7) tools, standard interfaces, and powerful tools, standard interfaces, and powerful display display

OB-VANOB-VAN It is known as outdoor broadcasting van It is known as outdoor broadcasting van

and used for outer coverage.and used for outer coverage. Events like sports, functions are Events like sports, functions are

covered by this van.covered by this van. It consists of 8 cameras and 3 external It consists of 8 cameras and 3 external

sources and 4 VTR.sources and 4 VTR. LSMLSM:- LIVE SLOW MOTIN MACHINE. It is :- LIVE SLOW MOTIN MACHINE. It is

used to play the replays in slow motion.used to play the replays in slow motion. There are also pc racks, mixers vtr There are also pc racks, mixers vtr

racks.racks.

DSNGDSNG This is known as direct satellite news This is known as direct satellite news

gathering.gathering. It works simultaneously with OB van.It works simultaneously with OB van. Its also called as mobile earth station.Its also called as mobile earth station. The dish can be aligned acc to the The dish can be aligned acc to the

requirement.requirement. Monitors are available in this van to Monitors are available in this van to

check the telecast.check the telecast. High power ups are also available in High power ups are also available in

this van.this van.

EARTH STATIONEARTH STATION

It is the major section.It is the major section. Epuipment operates in frequency Epuipment operates in frequency

range of 5.85Ghz to 6.42Ghz for range of 5.85Ghz to 6.42Ghz for transmit.transmit.

And for receiving 3.625Ghz to 4.2Ghz.And for receiving 3.625Ghz to 4.2Ghz. The antenna consists of lna, antenna The antenna consists of lna, antenna

control unit, reciever, up convertor control unit, reciever, up convertor system, high power amplifier.system, high power amplifier.

Transmission system carries digital Transmission system carries digital base band system signals from studio base band system signals from studio to earth station site to minimize the to earth station site to minimize the noise interface.noise interface.

The base band system is monitered The base band system is monitered and control through a base band NMS and control through a base band NMS PC.PC.

It also comprises of digital It also comprises of digital multiplexers and digital modulators.multiplexers and digital modulators.

The compression segment comprises The compression segment comprises of MPEG encoders for providing of MPEG encoders for providing redundancy.redundancy.

Features of ESFeatures of ES A fiber optics connectivity to two SDI A fiber optics connectivity to two SDI

video and two AES audio signals.video and two AES audio signals. System configured in mcpc(2+1) System configured in mcpc(2+1)

MODE.MODE. Base band processing fully digital inc Base band processing fully digital inc

I/P video and audio signalI/P video and audio signal Digital encodeing sys complaint to Digital encodeing sys complaint to

MPEG.MPEG. Single point remote monitoring for Single point remote monitoring for

video and audio.video and audio.

System layoutSystem layout There are different racks in DD.There are different racks in DD. These the racks used to have a These the racks used to have a

smooth flow of signals.smooth flow of signals. Like video, audio RF and control so Like video, audio RF and control so

as to cabling length b/w the racks.as to cabling length b/w the racks. A fiber optics link of 200mts with A fiber optics link of 200mts with

NMS control cable for base band is NMS control cable for base band is provided b/w the studio and earth provided b/w the studio and earth station.station.

Video chain of OB VANVideo chain of OB VAN Output from the switcher goes to stabilizing amplifier via PP and Output from the switcher goes to stabilizing amplifier via PP and

VDAs.VDAs.

Output from the stab. Is further distributed to various destinations. Output from the stab. Is further distributed to various destinations. It may be noted that the use of VDAs helps to monitor the video It may be noted that the use of VDAs helps to monitor the video signal at different locations and the use of PP is very helpful for signal at different locations and the use of PP is very helpful for emergency arrangements during breakdowns and trouble shooting. emergency arrangements during breakdowns and trouble shooting.

A separate monitoring bus is provided in CCU, LCU and END A separate monitoring bus is provided in CCU, LCU and END CONTROL with sources as. CONTROL with sources as.

END CONTROL also has a remote for the adjustment of levels etc. in END CONTROL also has a remote for the adjustment of levels etc. in the STAB AMP unit. Rthe STAB AMP unit. R

out for the other sources is similar to this and can be understood out for the other sources is similar to this and can be understood from the block schematic.from the block schematic.