The Dipsadidae is the most diverse snake family distributed across the West Indies and America (Vidal, Dewynter and Gower, 2010; Uetz et al. 2013), including 245 described species occurring within Brazil (Bérnils and Costa, 2012). In Brazil, the Cerrado, Caatinga and Atlantic rainforests are three large ecoregions within the state of Bahia (Brasil, 2004), hosting more than half of Brazilian snake species (130 species; Curcio et al. 2012; Hamdan and Lira-da-Silva, 2012). Herein we report a distribution extension for T. pallidus, and add a new geographical distribution for I. cenchoa, E. reginae and S. compressus on the north coast of Bahia.

In this study, we sampled these species within ombrophilous forest vegetation in the municipality of Mata de São João, situated within the core of the Atlantic forest. We conducted fieldwork for 10 days every two months between February 2011 and October 2012. Two surveyors simultaneously searched two different forest fragments. These consisted of a large and more intact one measuring about 350 hectares, and a smaller one of around 10 hectares suffering from strong habitat loss.

The size of the complete fragment complex, considering all the fragments in the region, was 410 ha. Voucher specimens were housed in the herpetological reference collection of the Centro de Ecologia e Conservação Animal (CHECOA) for further examination.

Erythrolamprus reginae semilineatus (voucher CHECOA 2588) was captured within the large fragment (-12.459787, -38.228241, at 106 m elevation) at 10:26 a.m. on 11/02/2011. It is a male with head length (HL) of 14.6 mm, tail length (TL) of 147 mm, snout-vent length (SVL) of 494 mm and 20 g weight. The specimen’s subspecies status was determined following Dixon (1983). This may add new information for a taxonomic review within the group. Imantodes cenchoa cenchoa (CHECOA 2883) was captured on 03/11/2012 in the 10 hectare fragment (-12.491390, -38.268674, at 63 m) at 8:23 p.m. It was a female, measuring 11.3 mm HL, 182 mm TL, 455 mm SVL and 21 g. Both species are widely distributed throughout the Atlantic rainforest, Cerrado and Caatinga ecoregions (Martins and Oliveira, 1998; Araujo and Almeida-Santos, 2011; Guedes et al. 2011; Loebmann and Haddad, 2011), but show no previous records for the region.

Siphlophis compressus and T. pallidus were captured on 24/05/2012 on the border of the larger fragment (-12.461343, -38.23439, at 100 m) during the night at approximately 8:00 p.m. Siphlophis compressus (CHECOA 2854) is a male, with measurements of 20 mm HL, 227 mm TL, 738 SVL and 30 g.

Siphlophis compressus (Daudin, 1803) is restricted to forest habitats in the Amazon forest of northern Brazil, and the Atlantic rainforest from southeastern to northeastern Brazil (Martins and Oliveira, 1998; Guedes et al. 2011). Thamnodynastes pallidus (Linnaeus, 1758) is known from habitats within the Amazon in northern Brazil. In the Amazon ecoregion its eastward limit is reached in the state of Pará. It is also reported from the neighbouring countries of Bolivia, Colombia, Guiana

Herpetology Notes, volume 6: 529-532 (2013) (published online on 30 October 2013)

Distribution extension of Thamnodynastes pallidus and new records within the distribution of Erythrolamprus reginae, Imantodes cenchoa and Siphlophis compressus (Serpentes,

Dipsadidae) for the north coast of Bahia, Brazil

Ricardo Marques1,3,*, Moacir S. Tinôco1,2,5, Dennis Rödder3,4, Henrique C. Browne-Ribeiro1,2

1Universidade Católica do Salvador, Centro de Ecologia e Conservação Animal – ECOA. Avenida Prof. Pinto de Aguiar, 2589. CEP 41740-090. Pituaçu, Salvador, BA, Brazil.

2Universidade Federal da Bahia. Rua Barão de Jeremoabo, s/n. CEP 40170-115. Ondina. Salvador, BA, Brazil.

3Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Zoologia. Rodovia Ilhéus–Itabuna, km 16, CP 110. CEP 45662-900. Ilhéus, BA, Brazil.

4Zoological Research Museum Alexander Koenig, Department of Herpetology, Adenauerallee 160, 53113 Bonn, Germany

5University of Kent at Canterbury; DICE - Durrell Institute of Conservation and Ecology; School of Anthropology and Conservation. Marlowe Building, Kent, CT2 7NZ, UK.

*Corresponding author: rcdmarquess@gmail.com

Ricardo Marques et al.530

and Venezuela (Cunha and Nascimento, 1978; Bailey, Thomas and Silva Jr., 2005; Bernarde et al. 2012). In northeastern Brazil, this species is known to occur in the states of Paraíba in the Mamanguape municipality, Pernambuco in the Vicência municipality (Wagler, 1824; Franco and Ferreira, 2002; Santana et al. 2008) and Bahia. However, the species’ exact distribution within Bahia is not known. All four snakes are illustrated in Figure 1.

The identification of Thamnodynastes species is complex and under review. However, we apply the suggested known distributions from Franco and Ferreira (2002), and Bailey, Thomas and Silva Jr. (2005), as well as the species’ identification pholidosis method they have suggested for identification: 152 ventrals, 85 subcaudals, 17-17-13 smooth dorsal scales, single cloacal plate, 1+2 oculars, 8/8 supralabials, 9/9 infralabials, 2+3 temporals.

Only S. compressus and T. pallidus are classified in the IUCN Red List as Least Concern (IUCN, 2012).

The latter of which was previously recorded in Vicência in Pernambuco (Cordeiro and Hoge, 1973), with our record extending its known distributional range by approximately 630 km south to northeastern Brazil. Siphlophis compressus’ southernmost record was in Ibirapitanga, and then was only recorded 210 km northward in Sergipe state in Itabaiana municipality (Guedes et al. 2011). The closest available record of E. reginae was in Maraú, 210 km south from our record, and I. cenchoa was recorded only 242 km southward in Itacaré (Argôlo, 2004). Both species’ northernmost records occur in four municipalities within the state of Alagoas, wherein Maceió is the southernmost of these municipalities where both species were also detected in ombrophilous vegetation (Silva et al. 2006) (Figure 2).

New distribution records of snake and lizard species have recently been recorded along the north coast of Bahia (Couto-Ferreira et al. 2011; Fonseca et al. 2012; Marques et al. 2011, Marques et al. 2012). The basic knowledge regarding species diversity and distributions

Figure 1: Dipsadid snakes recorded on the north coast of Bahia, Brazil: A) Imantodes cenchoa cenchoa; B) Erythrolamprus reginae semilineatus; C) Siphlophis compressus; D) Thamnodynastes pallidus. Photos by Ricardo Marques.

Figure 2: Distribution map of the snakes in north-eastern Brazil. Red dots represent previous records: Pernambuco (PE): 1- Vicência; Paraíba (PB): 2- Mamanguape = Thamnodynastes pallidus; Alagoas (AL): 3- Maceió = Erythrolamprus reginae and Imantodes cenchoa; Sergipe (SE): 4- Itabaiana = Siphlophis compressus; Bahia (BA): 5- Itacaré = Imantodes cenchoa; 6- Maraú = Erythrolamprus reginae; 7- Ibirapitanga = Siphlophis compressus. The green star represents new records in the municipality of Mata de São João, Bahia.

New dipsadid records for the north coast of Bahia 531

within ecoregions are the underpinning aspects for biological protection, thus these new records represent a contribution to the development of this science’s fields.

Acknowledgements. We are grateful to the “Habitat change and the status of herpetofauna in the Atlantic Forest of Brazil” research group. The main author is supported by CAPES funding. In addition, we thank Leonardo Barros Ribeiro for his contributions to the manuscript, and Rob Ward for the English review of the manuscript text. Logistical support was provided by the Herpetofauna Foundation, Reptile Technologies, Instituto da Mata and Lacerta Ambiental. Fieldwork was conducted under SISBIO permit Nº 23355-2.

References

Araujo, C.O., Almeida-Santos, S.M. (2011): Herpetofauna de um remanescente de cerrado no estado de São Paulo, sudeste do Brasil. Biota Neotropica 11(3): 47-62

Argôlo, A.J.S. (2004): As serpentes dos cacauais do sudeste da Bahia. Ilhéus, Ba: Editus

Bailey, J.R., Thomas, R.A., Silva Jr., N.J. (2005): A revision of the South American snake genus Thamnodynastes Wagler, 1830 (Serpentes, Colubridae, Tachymenini). I. Two new species of Thamnodynastes from Central Brazil and adjacent areas, with a redefinition of and neotype designation for Thamnodynastes. Phyllomedusa 4(2): 83-102

Bernarde, P.S., Albuquerque, S., Barros, T.O., Turci, L.C.B. (2012): Serpentes do Estado de Rondônia, Brasil. Biota Neotropica 12(3): 1-29

Bérnils, R.S., Costa, H.C. (2012): Brazilian reptiles: List of species. Version 2012.2. Available at: http://www.sbherpetologia.org.br/. Sociedade Brasileira de Herpetologia. Accessed on 15 January 2013.

Brasil. (2004): Map of Biomes. Available at: http://www.ibge.gov.br. Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística. Accessed on 2 December 2012.

Cordeiro, C.L., Hoge, A.R. (1973): Contribuição ao conhecimento das serpentes do Estado de Pernambuco. Memórias do Instituto Butantan 37: 261-290.

Couto-Ferreira, D., Tinoco, M.S., Travassos, M.L.O., Browne-Ribeiro, H.C., Fazolato, C.P., Marques, R., Barreto, G.S., Dias, M.A. (2011): Restinga lizards (Reptilia: Squamata) at the Imbassai Preserve on the northern coast of Bahia, Brazil. Journal of Threatened Taxa 3(8): 1990-2000.

Cunha, O.R., Nascimento, F.P. (1978): Ofídios da Amazônia X - As cobras da regiăo leste do Pará, Belém. Publicações Avulsas do Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi 32: 1-218.

Curcio, F.F., Nunes, P.M.S., Argôlo, A.J.S., Skuk, G., Rodrigues, M.T. (2012): Taxonomy of the South American dwarf boas of the genus Tropidophis Bibron, 1840, with the description of two new species from the Atlantic forest (Serpentes: Tropidophiidae). Herpetological Monographs 26: 80-121.

Dixon, J.R. (1983): Systematics of Liophis reginae and L. williamsi (Serpentes, Colubridae), with a description of a new species. Annals of the Carnegie Museum. 52(6): 113-138.

Fonseca, E., Tinôco, M.S., Marques, R., Browne-Ribeiro, H.C., Fazolato, C.P. (2012): Strobilurus torquatus. Distribution. Herpetological Review, 43(3): 446

Franco, F.L., Ferreira, T.G. (2003): Descrição de uma nova espécie de Thamnodynastes Wagler, 1830 (Serpentes, Colubridae) do nordeste brasileiro, com comentários sobre o gênero. Phyllomedusa 1(2): 57-74.

Guedes, T.B., Nunes, G.S.S., Prudente, A.L.C., Marques, O.A.V. (2011): New records and geographical distribution of the Tropical Banded Treesnake Siphlophis compressus (Dipsadidae) in Brazil. Herpetology Notes, 4: 341-346.

Hamdan, B., Lira-da-Silva, R.M. (2012): The snakes of Bahia State, northeastern Brazil: species richness, composition and biogeographical notes. Salamandra 48(1): 31-50.

IUCN. (2012): IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2012.2. Available at: www.iucnredlist.org. Accessed on 18 December of 2012.

Loebmann, D., Haddad, C.F.B. (2011): Amphibians and reptiles from a highly diverse area of the Caatinga domain: composition and conservation implications. Biota Neotropica, 10(3): 227-256.

Marques, R., Tinôco, M.S., Couto-Ferreira, D., Fazolato, C.P., Browne-Ribeiro, H., Travassos, M.L.O., Dias, M.A., Mota, J.V.L. (2011): Reserva Imbassaí Restinga: inventory of snakes on the Northern coast of Bahia, Brazil. Journal of Threatened Taxa, 3(11): 2184-2191.

Marques, R., Browne-Ribeiro, H.C., Tinôco, M.S., Fazolato, C.P., Coelho, H.E.A., Amorin, P. (2012): Corallus hortulanus. Distribution. Herpetological Review, 43(3): 448

Martins, M., Oliveira, M.E. (1998): Natural history of snakes in forests of the Manaus region, Central Amazônia, Brazil. Herpetological Natural History, 6(2): 78-150.

Santana, G.G., Vieira, W.L.S., Pereira-Filho, G.A., Delfim, F.R., Lima, Y.C.C., Vieira, K.S. (2008): Herpetofauna em um fragmento de Floresta Atlântica no estado da Paraíba, Região Nordeste do Brasil. Biotemas, 21(1): 75-84.

Silva, S.T., Silva, U.G., Sena, G.A.B., Nascimento, F.A.C. (2006): Anfíbios e répteis. In: A Mata Atlântica em Alagoas, p. 65-76. Moura, F.B.P. Maceió: Editora da Universidade Federal de Alagoas.

Uetz, P. (2013): The Reptile Database. Available at http://www.reptile-database.org. Accessed on 15 January 2013.

Vidal, N., Dewynter, M., Gower, D.J. (2010): Dissecting the major American snake radiation: A molecular phylogeny of the Dipsadidae Bonaparte (Serpentes, Caenophidia). Comptes Rendus Biologies 333: 48-55.

Wagler, J. (1824): Serpentum Brasiliensium species novae ou histoire naturelle des espèces nouvelles de serpens, recueillies et observées pendant le Voyage dans l’interieur du Brésil dans les années 1817, 1818, 1819, 1820. Monaco, F.S. Hübschmann.

Accepted by Zoltán Nagy

Ricardo Marques et al.532